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Version 3.4 OFFICIAL RULE BOOK
NATIONAL FLAG FOOTBALL RULES Version 3.4 OFFICIAL RULE BOOK 1 NATIONAL FLAG FOOTBALL RULES Version 3.4 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 PLAYING TIME 3 DIVISIONS 3 FORMAT 3 PLAYER ATTIRE 3 EQUIPMENT 3 COACHES 3 POSSESSIONS 4 ONE WAY FIELD SET UP 4 TWO WAY FIELD SET UP 5 GENERAL OFFENSE 5 PASSING GAME 6 RECEIVING GAME 6 RUNNING GAME 6 GENERAL DEFENSE 6 FLAG PULLING 6 INTERCEPTIONS 7 NO RUN ZONES 7 RUSHING OF THE QUARTERBACK 7 REPLAY OF DOWN 7 DEAD BALLS 8 SCORING 8 EXTRA POINTS 8 SAFETIES 9 TIME SITUATIONS 8 OVERTIME 8 FORFEITS 9 PROTEST RULE 9 GENERAL PENALTY INFORMATION 9 WARNINGS 9 OFFENSIVE PENALTIES 9 DEFENSIVE PENALTIES 10 EJECTIONS 10 SPORTSMANSHIP 10 2 NATIONAL FLAG FOOTBALL RULES Version 3.4 PLAYING TIME All children should receive equal playing time for both offense and defense in each game they participate in. Coaches are asked to monitor each other and report any infractions that they see. If a coach is caught not evenly rotating his/her players, disciplinary action will be taken. DIVISIONS Players are placed on teams using a variety of methods including but not limited to school and grade. Teams are placed into divisions based on grade level. Divisions may be separate or combined depending on the number of children registered. Divisions are as follows: o Lombardi Division (Usually 1st grade and younger) o Shula Division (Usually 2nd and/or 3rd grade) o Madden Division (Usually 4th grade and older) FORMAT The game is played with five (5) players. However, a minimum of four (4) players must be on the field at all times. -
The Problematic Use of Criminal Law to Regulate Sports Violence
Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume 99 Article 4 Issue 3 Spring Spring 2009 The aM nly Sports: The rP oblematic Use of Criminal Law to Regulate Sports Violence Jeffrey Standen Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Jeffrey Standen, The aM nly Sports: The rP oblematic Use of Criminal Law to Regulate Sports Violence, 99 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 619 (2008-2009) This Symposium is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. 0091-4169/09/9903-0619 THE JOURNALOF CRIMINAL LAW & CRIMINOLOGY Vol. 99, No. 3 Copyright © 2009 by Northwestern University, School of Law Printedin U.S.A. THE MANLY SPORTS: THE PROBLEMATIC USE OF CRIMINAL LAW TO REGULATE SPORTS VIOLENCE With increasingfrequency, the criminal law has been used to punish athletes who act with excessive violence while playing inherently violent sports. This development is problematicas none of the theories that courts employ to justify this intervention adequately take into account the expectations of participantsand the interests of the ruling bodies of sports. This Essay proposes a standardfor the interaction of violent sports and criminal law that attempts to reconcile the rules of violent sports with the aims of the criminal law. JEFFREY STANDEN* I. INTRODUCTION When not on the playing field, an athlete stands in the same relation to the criminal law as does any other citizen.1 The particular requirements of the athlete's sport, where that sport includes acts of a violent nature, do not supply the athlete a special defense of "diminished capacity. -
New York University Intramural Department Team Handball Rules
New York University Intramural Department Team Handball Rules Team Rules and Responsibilities 1. Teams must start or finish (due to injury or ejection) with three (3) players minimum. Four players are ideal to play (including the goalie). 2. Forfeits: Any team without the minimum four (4) players on the designated playing court of the scheduled start time and further exceeds the 5 minute grace period, will be disqualified from the game and future play in the league. 3. ONLY the team captain may consult with the referees or supervisor when the ball is NOT in play. 4. Substitutions can only be made during timeouts, after fouls and violations, or if the ball goes out of bounds. If this is not followed, a technical foul will be called and a penalty throw will be awarded. 5. Unsportsmanlike conduct against a scorekeeper, referee, any opposing player, or a teammate, a rejection from the game will occur. 6. Any team using an ineligible player will forfeit all remaining games on the schedule and will be removed from the league. 7. No player may play for more than one team. 8. Teams and players are susceptible to being barred from the playoffs. 9. Players who receive red cards during play will be ejected from the contest and possibly suspended for the following game. 10. ALL players are expected to display sportsmanlike conduct in compliance with NYU Intramurals. Equipment 1. Proper attire in line with Intramural policies, regulations, and guidelines is required – only non- marking sneakers, shorts or sweatpants must be worn to participate. 2. -
11-Player Youth Tackle Rules Guide Table of Contents
FOOTBALL DEVELOPMENT MODEL usafootball.com/fdm 11-PLAYER YOUTH TACKLE RULES GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .....................................................................................................2 1 Youth Specific Rules ..........................................................................3 2 Points of Emphasis ............................................................................4 3 Timing and Quarter Length ...........................................................5 4 Different Rules, Different Levels ..................................................7 5 Penalties ..................................................................................................7 THANK YOU ESPN USA Football sincerely appreciates ESPN for their support of the Football Development Model Pilot Program INTRODUCTION Tackle football is a sport enjoyed by millions of young athletes across the United States. This USA Football Rules Guide is designed to take existing, commonly used rule books by the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS) and the NCAA and adapt them to the youth game. In most states, the NFHS rule book serves as the foundational rules system for the youth game. Some states, however, use the NCAA rule book for high school football and youth leagues. 2 2 / YOUTH-SPECIFIC RULES USA Football recommends the following rules be adopted by youth football leagues, replacing the current rules within the NFHS and NCAA books. Feel free to print this chart and provide it to your officials to take to the game field. NFHS RULE NFHS PENALTY YARDAGE USA FOOTBALL RULE EXPLANATION 9-4-5: Roughing/Running Into the Roughing = 15; Running Into = 5 All contact fouls on the kicker/holder Kicker/Holder result in a 15-yard penalty (there is no 5-yard option for running into the kicker or holder). 9-4-3-h: Grasping the Face Mask Grasping, pulling, twisting, turning = 15; All facemask fouls result in a 15-yard incidental grasping = 5 penalty (there is no 5-yard option for grasping but not twisting or pulling the facemask). -
Sysa Softball Rules - 14U
SYSA SOFTBALL RULES - 14U THE PLAYING OF ALL GAMES IS GOVERNED BY ASA RULES AND REGULATIONS EXCEPT THOSE NOTED BELOW: Rule 1: Roster A. SYSA Softball shall assign players to all teams on the basis of their age, schools and neighborhoods, not on the basis of individual team, player parent or coach preference. B. The age group that a player is assigned to depends on the players' age on December 31 of the previous year. Exception: In the case of documented mental or physical impairment, SYSA Softball may approve a players assignment to a lower age group. C. Minimum roster is twelve (12) players. D. No players may be added to a team roster for league play after their sixth (6th) game, except to maintain a minimum roster (Rule 1 Item C) following the permanent loss of a player or at the discretion of SYSA Softball. All roster changes require written approval from SYSA Softball for both league or tournament rosters with notification to effected coaches. E. All Head and Assistant Coaches must be registered with SYSA Softball. F. TOURNAMENTS: Players may be added to the roster to replace rostered players unavailable for the tournament. Such additions must be: 1. added prior to the first pitch of the first tournament game 2. must identify the regular roster player(s) being replaced, 3. must be on the regular season roster of a registered SYSA team and, 4. must be eligible age-wise for team they are joining. Rule 2: Line-up A. All players present will play at least three (3) full innings. -
Accusations of Unfairness Bias Subsequent Decisions: a Study of Major League Umpires Authors: Travis J
Title: Accusations of Unfairness Bias Subsequent Decisions: A Study of Major League Umpires Authors: Travis J. Carter1*, Erik G. Helzer2. Affiliations: 1Department of Psychology, Colby College. 2The Johns Hopkins Carey Business School. *Correspondence to: [email protected] Abstract: What happens when decision-makers are accused of bias by an aggrieved party? We examined the ball-and-strike calls of Major League Baseball umpires before and after arguments from players or managers resulting in ejection. Prior to ejection, the accusing team was, in fact, disadvantaged by the home plate umpire’s calls. After the ejection, umpires did not revert to neutrality—they exhibited the opposite bias, advantaging the accusing team. This pattern was only evident when the ejection was related to pitch location, not other kinds of ejections. Using a laboratory analogue of the umpires’ situation, we replicated this post-accusation tendency with experimental participants. This study further revealed that decision-makers were unaware of the shifts in their behavior in response to the accusations, and another survey indicated that this tendency violates beliefs about fairness. These results suggest that performance following accusations may unwittingly succumb to this insidious tendency to favor the accusing party. One Sentence Summary: After being (rightly) accused of biased behavior toward one team, MLB Umpires responded by committing the opposite bias, now giving more favorable calls to the accuser’s team. MANUSCRIPT UNDER REVIEW—PLEASE DO NOT CITE WITHOUT PERMISSION 1 Main Text: Among the many responsibilities leaders bear is a commitment to fairness. Perceptions of fairness are important for many organizational and interpersonal outcomes (1–3), and leaders, as decision-makers, find themselves in the unique position to uphold fairness standards. -
Making the Rules of Sports Fairer
Making the Rules of Sports Fairer Steven J. Brams Department of Politics New York University New York, NY 10012 USA [email protected] Mehmet S. Ismail Department of Economics Maastricht University PO Box 616 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands [email protected] 2 Making the Rules of Sports Fairer Abstract The rules of many sports are not fair—they do not ensure that equally skilled competitors have the same probability of winning. As an example, the penalty shootout in soccer, wherein a coin toss determines which team kicks first on all five penalty kicks, gives a substantial advantage to the first-kicking team, both in theory and practice. We show that a so-called Catch- Up Rule for determining the order of kicking would not only make the shootout fairer but also is essentially strategyproof. By contrast, the so-called Standard Rule now used for the tiebreaker in tennis is fair. We briefly consider several other sports, all of which involve scoring a sufficient number of points to win, and show how they could benefit from certain rule changes, which would be straightforward to implement. 3 Making the Rules of Sports Fairer1 1. Introduction In this paper, we show that the rules for competition in some sports are not fair. By “fair,” we mean that they give equally skilled competitors the same chance to win—figuratively, they level the playing field. Later we will be more precise in defining “fairness.” We first consider knockout (elimination) tournaments in soccer (i.e., football, except in North America), wherein one team must win. -
Settling Ties in Handicap Competitions
SETTLING TIES IN HANDICAP COMPETITIONS How do you settle deadlocks-a halved match or a stroke-play tie-in a net competition? Rule 33-6 in the Rules of Golf requires that the Committee in charge of the competition announce a procedure for breaking ties before the competition starts. Simply stated, a halved match shall not be decided by stroke play; a tie in stroke play should not be decided by a match. Under Conditions of the Competition in Appendix I of the Rules of Golf, the USGA has some good recommendations that can help in these ticklish situations. Let's start with stroke play. One day our favorite duo, Uncle Snoopy and Woodstock, play 18 holes in a net competition at one of their favorite courses, Pumpkin Patch Golf Club. Uncle Snoopy's diligent work on his game has shaved his USGA Handicap Index down to 9.2, which translated into a Course Handicap of 11 that day. Woodstock meanwhile, has continued to struggle along with his 17.4 USGA Handicap Index, which resulted in a Course Handicap of 20 at Pumpkin Patch GC. At the end of 18 holes, Uncle Snoopy and Woodstock performed some beagle arithmetic on their scorecard. From the drawing, you can see that they both made net scores of 72. How should they proceed to break the tie? Sudden death is not recommended by the USGA in such cases. It's felt that playing hole-by-hole shouldn't decide a tie in stroke play. Instead, a playoff over 18 holes is the favored format. -
Individual Officiating Techniques (IOT) Version 1.1 This Referees Manual Is Based on FIBA Official Basketball Rules 2020
FIBA REFEREES MANUAL Individual Officiating Techniques (IOT) version 1.1 This Referees Manual is based on FIBA Official Basketball Rules 2020. In case of discrepancy between different language editions on the meaning or interpretation of a word or phrase, the English text prevails. The content cannot be modified and presented with the FIBA logo, without written permission from the FIBA Referee Operations. Throughout the Referees Manual, all references made to a player, coach, referee, etc., in the male gender also apply to the female gender. It must be understood that this is done for practical reasons only. August 2020, All Rights Reserved. FIBA - International Basketball Federation 5 Route Suisse, PO Box 29 1295 Mies Switzerland fiba.basketball Tel: +41 22 545 00 00 Fax: +41 22 545 00 99 This material is created by the FIBA Referee Operations. If you identify an error or a discrepancy in this material,please notify the FIBA Referee Operations at [email protected] FIBA REFEREES MANUAL Individual Officiating Techniques / v1.0 P / 2 Foreword Basketball, as a game, is progressing in skill and speed every day. It is a natural environmental development process that takes place unconditionally and it is called evolution. The game and more so refereeing has completely changed from 10 years ago. Presently, top level refereeing is improving at least at the same speed as the game itself and higher standards of performance are expected every year. The pace of change has necessitated the adoption of a motto: “What was considered exceptionally good yesterday, is considered standard quality today and below average quality tomorrow”. -
Referee Hand Signals and Cheat Sheet
Referee Hand Signals and Cheat Sheet Types (T) (I=Procedural, P=Personal Foul, T=Technical Foul) Signal Text Penalty T Duration Comments Timeout: None I Up to 2 minutes. Possession required if Discretionary or Injury. RULE: 4 per game. not a dead ball. Follow with tapping on 4-27 Max 2 per half. chest for my TO. 4-28 Score None I Made by Lead Official. Retrieve ball and place at X. Check the penalty box after a goal. No Score None I End of period horn, goal-crease violation, 4-9 too many players, teams offside, whistle, head off stick, play on or foul by scoring team, timeout. Face-Off None I 4-3 Alternate Possession Possession I Must be recorded on the scorecard. 4-33 Ball in Possession on None I Attack/Defense must Face-off or start the stay out of center area clock at Half. until called. Ball has entered attack None I Occurs within 10 seconds of Must stay in the attack area. crossing the midline. area during the last 2 4-14 minutes of regulation 4-15 play. ONLY IN 4TH QTR 3-3 & TO TEAM THAT'S LEADING. Out of Bounds. Possession I Don’t forget to look to Direction of Play. bench for sub opportunity. NOT ON ENDLINE. Failure to Advance the Possession I 20 seconds (including 4 Player must be in Ball. second goalie count) to the contact with some part midline of the midline area. 10 seconds to the goal area. Airborne players do not count. Loose Ball I A call is made and the ball is not in possession of a player. -
1 Golden Strip Baseball / Softball Rules and Regulations – Revised 2/16/21
Baseball & Softball 2 nd -8th Rules and Regulations Playing rules not specifically covered in this document shall be covered by the Official Rules & Regulations of the South Carolina High School Baseball and Softball Leagues. Table of Contents Balks …………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………. 2 Balls ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 Base lines ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 Base Stealing ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 Bats ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 Batting ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 Batting Order ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 Batting out of turn …………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 Bunting ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 Calling "Time" to Stop Play ……………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Catcher’s equipment …………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 Cleats ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Coaches ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 Complete Game …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 Courtesy Runners …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 Defensive Substitution ……………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Dropped Third Strike …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 Dugouts ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 Ejection ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4 Forfeits ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 Head First Slide …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 Helmets ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 Infield Fly Rule …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 Intentional Walks …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 Number -
Violence in Professional Sports: Is It Time for Criminal Penalties?
Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review Volume 2 Number 1 Article 5 1-1-1982 Violence in Professional Sports: Is it Time for Criminal Penalties? Richard B. Perelman Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/elr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Richard B. Perelman, Violence in Professional Sports: Is it Time for Criminal Penalties?, 2 Loy. L.A. Ent. L. Rev. 75 (1982). Available at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/elr/vol2/iss1/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loyola of Los Angeles Entertainment Law Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VIOLENCE IN PROFESSIONAL SPORTS: IS IT TIME FOR CRIMINAL PENALTIES? By RichardB. Perelman* I. INTRODUCTION The problem is well-known among sports fans. Violence in pro- fessional sporting events has reached almost epidemic proportions. Al- most all daily newspapers report about hundreds of penalty minutes for brawls in National Hockey League (NHL) games, fistfights in National Basketball Association (NBA) contests and about injuries suffered in National Football League (NFL) battles.' Recent commentary has ex- amined new case law in the area2 and the possibility of civil suit to redress damage.3 The criminal law confronted the problem in the form of a bill introduced in 1980 in the House of Representatives by Rep. Ronald M. Mottl.4 The bill would have penalized convicted offenders * B.A., University of California, Los Angeles, 1978.