AMERICANS WH O H AVE CONTRIBUTED T O T H E H ISTORY AND TRAD ITIONS O F T H E UNITED STATES MERCH ANT MARINE
AM E R HC AN S
Wh o H a v e C o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e
H IS T O R Y AND T R A D IT IO N S of t h e U N IT E D S T A T E S M E R C H A N T M A R IN E
Compiled a nd Pu bli shed by T H E ED UCAT IONAL UNIT
S . U . MERCH ANT MARINE CAD ET CO RP
K IN G S P O INT 1 943 NE W Y O R K
F ORE WORD
The traditions of the U nited S tates Merchant Marine
anchor on the accomplishments , past and present , of men who have given something of themselves to this silent
service . S et down on the following p ages are the records of some individuals who are remembered for their con
n tributi o s to the building , exp ansion and prestige of our
Merchant Marine . Masters , engineers , builders , owners ,
authors and others , they were , without exception , men of
the sea .
The careers of these men represent more than per s on al biographical sketches . Others equally illustrious might have been singled out ; but those chosen do stamp
their times , and their achievements help to explain our
greatness as a sea power .
The U nited S tates Merchant Marine Cadet Corps honors their memory by linking their names to the build
ings , training vessels , docks , roads and other facilities of the U nited States Merchant Marine Academy at Kings
Point , New York , and the Cadet B asic S chools at Pass
Christian , Mississippi , and S an Mateo , California .
P MC LT - CA TAIN R. R. NU Y, D M, U SNR,
S uper vi s or , U nited S tates Merchant Marine Cadet Corps
W D . C . ashington , ,
March 1 5, 1 943.
C ON T EN T S
PAGE F OR EW ORD
1 . J EAN LOU I S ( 1 690 1 736)
- 2 . E SEK H OPK IN S ( 1 7 1 8 1 802 )
N - 3. JOH N MA LEY ( 1 7341 793)
- ELIAS H . D ERBY ( 1 7391 7 99)
WILLIA M H ACK ETT ( 1 739- 1 80 8 )
JOH N F ITC H ( 1 743- 1 7 98 )
JOH N K ENDRICK ( 1 745-1 800 )
JOH N B ARRY ( 1 745- 1 803)
JOH N PAUL JONES ( 1 747 - 1 792 )
- 1 0 . JO H N STEVENS ( 1 7491 838 )
1 E 1 . J A M S ROWAN R 1 1 1 1 2 . E RA A 0 80 OB RT R . ND LL ( 7 5 )
P R 1 -1 1 3. STE HEN GIRA D ( 750 831 )
- 1 4. B ENJAM IN CARPEN TER ( 1 751 1 823)
- 1 . TEP E R 1 1 5 S H N DECATUR , S . ( 752 80 8 )
E - 1 1 6. ROB RT GRAY ( 1 755 806)
' ‘ - 1 7 . T H OMAS T RUXIU N ( 1 755 1 822 )
RIC RD 1 - 1 2 1 8 . H A DALE ( 756 8 6)
’ E - 1 9. RIC H ARD O BRI N ( 1 7 58 1 824)
- 20 . JOS H U A BARNEY ( 1 7 591 8 1 8 )
- 21 . E DWARD PREBLE ( 1 7 61 1 807 )
- 2 22. A MASA DELANO ( 1 7 63 1 8 3)
- 1 24 23. GA MALIEL BRADF ORD ( 1 7 63 8 )
' E m m 1 7 65- 1 8 1 5 24. ROB RT F u ( )
V 1 - 1 4 25. JAMES DE EREUX ( 766 8 6)
EL - 1 26. J ACOB CROWNINS H I D ( 1 770 80 8 ) C ON T E N T S
PAGE
ELIJA H COBB ( 1 77 0 - 1 8 51 )
NATHAN IEL B OWDITC H ( 1 773- 1 838 )
NATHAN IEL S ILSBEE ( 1 773- 1 850 )
- RICH ARD J. CLEVELAND ( 1 77 3 1 8 60 )
M OSES ROGERS ( 1 7 79- 1 821 )
- C HARLES W. WOOSTER ( 1 780 1 848 )
J OH N SUTER ( 1 78 1 -1 8 52)
WILLIA M S TURGIS ( 1 782-1 8 63)
U - SAM EL C . REID ( 1 783 1 861 )
GEORGE COGGESH ALL ( 1 784- 1 8 61 )
- C HARLES H . MARSHALL ( 1 792 1 865)
- NATHAN IEL P . PALMER ( 1 7991 877 )
E R - DWA D K . COLLINS ( 1 802 1 878 )
JOH N E RICSSON ( 1 803- 1 889)
- 1 ROBERT B . F ORBES ( 1 804 889)
- MATTH EW F . M AURY ( 1 80 6 1 873)
- T H OM AS H . SUM NER ( 1 807 1 87 6)
- 1 ROBERT H . WATERMAN ( 1 808 884)
ASA E LDRIDGE ( 1 809- 1 856)
PH ILIP D U MARES! ( 1 809- 1 8 61 )
D ONALD M CKAY ( 1 81 0 - 1 880 )
J OH N ROACH ( 1 8 1 3- 1 88 7 )
1 - 1 91 DAVID D . PORTER ( 1 8 3 8 )
1 4- 1 8 1 JOS IAH P . CRESSY ( 1 8 7 )
JOSEP H R . G ORDON
1 8 1 5- 1 882 JR. RIC HARD H . DANA , ( )
1 8 1 6- 1 899 WILLIAM H . WEBB ( )
viii C ON T E N T S
PAGE CLEVELAND F ORBES
PE R - ROBERT H . A S ON ( 1 8 1 7 1 8 68 )
HERMAN M ELVILLE ( 1 8 1 9- 1 8 91 )
GEORGE S TEERS ( 1 820 - 1 856)
SA MUEL S AM UELS ( 1 823- 1 908 )
w - C HARLES P . Lo ( 1 8241 91 3)
RLE - C H A S H . CRAM P ( 1 828 1 91 3)
W - ILLIAM P . F RYE ( 1 831 1 91 1 )
ART H UR SEWALL ( 1 835- 1 900 )
- MARY A. PATTEN ( 1 837 1 861 )
T H OMAS WILSON ( 1 838 - 1 900 )
A - GEORGE P . MCK Y ( 1 838 1 91 8 )
ROBERT D OLLAR ( 1 844- 1 932 )
ANDREW F U RU S ET H ( 1 845- 1 938 )
GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE ( 1 846- 1 91 4)
W 4 - 1 ILLIAM D . B URN HAM ( 1 8 7 91 9)
WILLIAM MAT SON ( 1 849- 1 91 7 )
A I - 1 JO H N C . J M SON ( 1 849 928 )
R - 1 1 2 JAMES F . MU PH Y ( 1 850 9 )
1 - 1 2 A R . ROBERT M. L F OLLETTE , S ( 8 55 9 5)
- WINTHROP L . M ARVI N ( 1 863 1 926)
- 1 4 JAMES A. F ARRELL ( 1 863 9 3)
C HARLES F . B AILEY ( 1 863
- C HARLES A. M CALLISTER ( 1 8 67 1 932 )
- HENRY A. WILEY ( 1 8 67 1 943)
- PH ILIP A. S . F RAN K LI N ( 1 87 1 1 939)
WI IA F I H JR. 1 8 3 LL M S ER , ( 7 PAGE
P H I JOSE . KEM P ( 1 873
N RM - O AN O . PEDRICK ( 1 87 5 1 942 )
E MERY RICE ( 1 878 -1 91 9)
F ELIX RIESENBERG ( 1 8 79- 1 939)
R E - OB RT L . HAGUE ( 1 880 1 939)
F F D D MA Y - CLI OR . LLOR ( 1 88 1 1 941 )
A F H 1 - L RED . H AAG ( 8841 941 )
I - JAMES J. MAD SON ( 1 888 1 922 )
R - ROBERT E . MILLE ( 1 892 1 931 )
N W 1 - HAROLD L. WI SLO ( 8 93 1 938 )
- R. HOWARD P . CONWAY , J ( 1 91 91 942 )
W M R 1 ILLIAM . T H OMAS , J . ( 922
’ W 1 - ED IN J. O HARA ( 923 1 942)
APPE N D IC E S
Acknowledgment S uggested Readings The U nited S tates Merchant Marine Academy
Y . Kings Point, N. The U nited S tates Merchant Marine Cadet B asic a M S chool , S n ateo , California The U nited States Merchant Marine Cadet B asic M S chool , Pass Christian , ississippi I N D EX I LLU S T RATI ON S
PAGE Pictorial Map of the U nited States Merchant Marine
Academy , Kings Point , New York Cover Lining 1 4 The Port of New Orleans , 8 0 2 l Charity H ospita , New Orleans , Louisiana 2 4 Esek H opkins o O .
U nited S tates Sl oop of Wa1 Al ban y 6
Elias H . D erby 8
The Letter of Marque Brig G r an d Tu r k
A li a n c The U . S . F rigate l e William H ackett
’ F itch s screw propeller steamboat , 1 796 John F itch
e ev r an ce 1 6- 87 The P r s e , 7 8
The C olumbi a John B arry
’ Th ni te d ta te s 1 6 Commodore John B arry s F lagship , e U S
The B on H0 mme Ri cha r d in action with the S er api s 1 8 John Paul Jones John Stevens
The P hoeni x
Ah E arly New England Merchantman Robert Richard Randall
The S hip G ood F r i en ds of Philadelphia S tephen G irard
A page from the log of the ship H e r cu l es B enj amin Carpenter
r . S tephen Decatur , S
The Burning of the P hi l ade lp hi a I LLU S T RATI ON S
PAGE
The C o lumbi a and the L a dy Wa s hi ng ton Robert G ray
Thomas T rux tun
The C ons tella ti on and the Veng en ce F The U . S . rigate Pr esi den t Richard D ale
The schooner B a l ti ck
J oshua B arney
The H yder -Ally and the G en er a l Mon k
n s i The U . S . S . C o t tu ti on E dward Prebl e Amasa D elano H 1 B oston arbor , 774 Robert F ulton
er The Cl mont, 1 807
The F r an kli n of Boston James D evereux
’ The C r owni nshi e l ds ship Amer i ca
Jacob C r ownin shi e ld
E lij ah Cobb
Titl e Page , American Practical Navigator N athaniel B owditch
The Custom House , S alem , Massachusetts N athaniel S ilsbee
Richard J. Cl eveland Moses Rogers
fir st - l S The S a v ann a h, Trans At antic teamer I LLU S TRATI ON S
PAGE
The privateer S a ra tog a H h ongs and Waterfront of Canton , C ina John S uter William S turgis
Atahua l a M 68 The p in acao Roads , near Canton , China
Pictorial Map of the U nited S tates Merchant Marine
Cadet Basic S chool , S an Mateo , California
The privateer G en er a l Arms tr ong
S amuel C . Reid .
7 erf The Letter of Marque S chooner , D avi d P 0 t George Coggeshall M Charles H . arshall
The Steamer Uni ted S ta tes
The G r ea t R epu bli c
Nathaniel B . Palmer
The Collins liner Adr i a ti c K E dward . Collins John Ericsson
The Moni tor F Robert B . orbes
Matthew F . Maury “ the S e a Title Page , The Physical Geography of The original illustration which accompanied Captain ’ Thomas H . Sumner s explanation of his discovery of the Line of Position
The Cha llen g e W Robert H . aterman
The R ed Jack e t I LLUS T RATI ON S
PAGE
As a Eldridge
The S u r pr i s e Philip Dumaresq
D onald McKa y
The Li g htni ng John Roach
D l in The U . S . S . o p h
D avid D . Porter
The U . S . S . B l a ck H a wk
Josiah P . Cressy
The F lyi ng C lou d
a The Port of S n F rancisco , 1 849
Title Page , Two Years B efore the Mast
Richard H . D ana , Jr .
S outh S treet from Maiden Lane , New York
William H . Webb
i r i The S S . Ca l fo n a
r e n The S . S . O g o H erm an Melville M Title Page , oby Dick G eorge S teers
The Yacht Amer i ca
The D r ea dn o ug ht S amuel S amuel s
a lmer The N. B . P
Charl es P . Low
Charles A. Cramp
I LLU S T RATI ON S
PAGE R M. La obert F ollette , S r .
Winthrop L. Marvin
James A. F arrell
The Tu si ta l a
Charles F . B ailey
Charl es A. McAlli ste r
Henry A. Wil ey L i The S . S . ev a than
Philip A. S . F rankl in
W ll F r i iam isher , J .
hin ton . Was S S . g
Joseph I. Kemp
e r si l The S . S . D l b a
Norman 0 . Pedrick E mery Rice
S . S . Mong oli a.
’ Ma r s The S chool ship S t. y F el ix Riesenberg
The S chool ship Newp o'rt
The U . S . S . Cimarr on
Robert L . H ague
The S . S . Ma la cca
Clifford D . Mall ory A lfred H . H aag
James J. Madison
r esi den t s ev e lt The S . S . P Roo
R obert B . Mill er
ni The S . S . P enns ylva a I LLU ST RATI ON S
PAGE
H arold L . Winslow
H oward P . Conway , Jr .
r . William M. Thomas , J
’ ar E dwin J. O H a
X V II The death of Admiral H enry A. Wiley , F ather of the U nited S tates Merchant ” M Ma 1 4 arine Cadet Corps , on y 20 , 9 3, was announced after this book went to press . B y direction of the S upervisor , U nited S tates Merchant Marine Cadet
Corps , the name of the Administration B uilding at the U nited States Merchant
Marine Academy , Kings Point , New M Ka York , has been changed from c y
Hall to Wiley H all . AMERICANS WH O HAVE C ONTRI BUTED TO THE HISTORY AND TRAD ITIONS OF THE UNITED STATES MERCHANT MARINE 1 840 The Port of New Orleans ,
CHARITY H OSPITAL
New Orleans , Louisiana The original hospi tal was founded in
1 736, with the life savings willed for this purpose by the
merchant seaman , JEAN LOU IS HERE is in New Orleans today Ah Institution
dedicated to the most supreme work of charity , the
alleviation of suffering and the healing of the sick , l the Charity H ospital of Louisiana , founded by the sai or ,
Jean Louis . 1 On January 21 , 736, Jean Louis , an inhabitant of
Louisiana , and a resident of New Orleans , died and left “ a will which contained the following clause : My debts having been paid and the above provisions having been executed , a sale shall be made of all that remains , which I bequeath to serve in perp etuity to the founding of a hospital for the sick of the City of New Orleans . A site was chosen at the extremity of the town which stood upon a p ortion of the ground allotted to the city ’ s fortificati on and today corresponds to the square bounded by Rampart , Basin , St . Peter and Toulouse S treets .
The house of Madame Koll y ( formerly a convent) was bought by Bienville and S almon . H alf of the money was expended for beds and the usual equipment . With the remaining livres , augmented by the l abor of the natives , a l arge brick hall was built . H This , the original Charity ospital , was named the “ ’ fici al St . John and mentioned in of legal records as L H o ” pita! des p auvres de la charité .
F or over forty years this H opital des Pauvres was a h aven of hope for and administered to the suffer ing of those intrepid travelers and adventurous pioneers who braved the privations , hardships and pestilences ” of a primeval country . The devastating hurricane which pl ayed havoc with the city in the summer of 1 779 converted the Jean Louis
H ospital into a heap of ruins . The hospital was rebuilt and the modern institution “ which now stands is the pride of Louisian a , the Charity ” l H ospital , a memori a to a merchant seaman , who be ue athe d q his life savings to the cause of humanity .
1 690 - 1 736 E SEK H OPKINS of Rhode Island 1 776 Commander in Chief of the U nited States Navy,
U nited S tates S loop of War Albany under full sail M ston in 1 734, John anley was a master Li ttl e his twenties . H e commanded the - 9 in 1 7 68 6 , trading between Boston and
St . E ustatius . W ll 1 775 W fittin hen , in the fa of , ashington was g out
a small fleet to operate against British transports , he chose Manley to command the schooner L e e and com
missioned him a captain in the Army . S ailing on one of
the last days of October , he captured , a month later , the Nan c first valuable pri z e taken in the war , the brigantine y,
l aden wi th a cargo of ordnance and military suppl ies .
It was a timely capture , for the Army at Cambridge was
sorely in need of these supplies .
fir s H e was widely acclaimed as a naval hero , the t
of the Revolution to be thus distinguished . In Jannary ,
1 776, Washington made him commander of the fle et , with H an c ck the schooner o as his flag ship .
’ On April 1 7 Congress recogni z ed Manley s services by
appointing him a captain in the Continental N avy . T ak H n c ing command of the new frigate a co k , he sailed from Ma 1 B oston on y 2 , 1 777 , accomp anied by the frigate B os ton , Captain H ector McNeill and a sm all fl e et of
. On privateers June 7 he captured the frigate F ox , twenty eight guns , but a m onth later the H an cock and her pri ze were taken by the enemy . Manley was confine d on board a prison - ship in New York harbor until exchanged in
March , 1 778 .
E arly in 1 77 9 he went to sea in the Cu mber land and near Barbados was forced to surrender to the frigate
omona . P E scaping from prison and returning to B oston , Ja s on he next m ade two cruises in the , the second of which ended with her capture after a sharp engagement . M Old M anley was committed to ill Prison , England , and confine d there for two years before he was exchanged . Re turning to the Navy, he commanded the frigate H ag u e and made a cruise in the West Indies that was m arked by a brilliant escape from a superior force and by the B ai lle anu ar capture of the in J y , 1 783, the l ast valuabl e z pri e taken by a Continental ship .
An fl
1 734-1 793 E LIAS H . DERBY D erby ships were the first to carry the S tars and S tripes to distant
ports .
The Letter of Marque Brig Gr and Tur k ALE M and the D erby family are synonomous with
the birth of the U nited S tates Merchant Marine , and
the name of Elias H a sk et King Derby , pioneer
American ship owner , remains through the years as a well
revered tradition .
, D erby , deeply imbued with a love for his country saw that the flag of the new nation was carried to the
’ most distant ports of the world . H e foresaw America s future as a maritime nation and pioneered the p ath for
others .
H i s fir st estate of one million dollars , the fortune
made out of our shipping trade , was a tribute to his genius in j udging changing world conditions and in choosing his
’ fir ships masters and crews . H i s vessels were the st to fl S S y the tars and tripes in Calcutta , the Orient and the
Baltic .
H i s G r an d Tu r k brought back fir st hand accounts of eastern p orts and cargoes and his P eggy returned to
New E ngland with the fir st cargo of cotton from India .
R v l i har fitte d During the e o ut o y War , D erby out his ves sels as privateers . S uccess attended nearly all his efforts and he established a tradition which has done much in
maintaining the prestige of American shipping .
1 739- 1 799 F Alli an ce The U . S rigate , the pride of the Revolutionary N avy
CAPTAIN WILLIAM H ACK ETT 1 8 I n 7 7 the U . S . F rigate Alli an c e was launched at William H ’ a c k e t t s shipyard , a t S a l i s b u r y M , assachusetts . der and designer of some of the most famous ’ the firs t days of this country s history was M William H ackett , born at S alisbury , assa Ma 1 1 739 20 chuse tts , on y , , and died there November ,
1 808 . Among the great ships which he built were the e x frigates Alli an ce and E s s , and the merchantman ,
Mas s a chu s e tts .
The Alli an ce was the most successful frigate of the h U nited S tates Navy during the Revolutionary War . S e S was two years in building , and was launched in the alis Alli an e bury yard of William H ackett in 1 778 . The c was so named to commemorate the alliance between
F rance and the U nited S tates . S he sailed from B oston in 1 77 9, and upon her arrival in F rance , it was said that there was “ not a more perfect piece of n aval architecture ” in Europe . U nder Captain John B arry she captured the privateers Mar s and Mi n er v a . She was never defeated and was the favorite of the whole Navy by reason of her speed and beauty . After the close of the War of Inde pe ndence she was sold in Philadelphia and employed in U S M the nited tates erchant S ervice . S he was the second o vessel from Philadelphia to g to Canton , China .
The largest merchantm an to be built up to her time a a chus e ts W H was the M s s t , designed by illiam ackett and H l aunched at ! uincy , B oston arbor , in 1 78 9. At that
- - time this six hundred ton ship was a colossus , and her launching was an event of national importance . The Ma ss a hus e tts c went to Canton , China , on her maiden voy age and was sold there to the D anish E ast India Comp any .
ex fir s l l The frigate E s s , the t nava vesse to carry the
S tars and S tripes around the Cape of Good Hope , was another of the many ships whose glorious record redounds W ll to the great credit of the S alisbury shipbuilder , i iam
H ackett .
1 739- 1 808 F itch ’ s screw propeller steamboat operated on
Collect Pond ,
New York , in 1 7 96
J OH N F ITCH Inventor of the
S teamboat .
e r n ce l 1 — The P er s v e a , Philade phia , 786 87
The ship C olumbi a which JOH N KENDRICK took around the H orn to the Pacific Northwest of Captain John Kendrick , Boston ship
master , illustrates the spirit of enterprise and fore sight that establ ished America as the greatest nation plying the trade routes of the world .
Inspired by gl owing accounts of Captain Cook ’s third P acific voyage , in which the wealth of fur in the North west had been described , Captain Kendrick went around
- - Cape H orn in the eighty three foot C olu mbi a. in company wi th the smaller ship Lady Wa s hing ton . K endrick , who had commanded the privateers F ann y and Mari an a dur Wa r ing the Revolutionary , was chosen by backers of the expedition because of his sharp eye for new trade and his extraordinary skill in picking his way through uncharted waters .
A rriving on the West Coast , he sent his second in com
mand , Captain Gray , to sail around the world W hil e he took the forty-foot sl oop L ady Wa s hi ng ton into Trans
Pacific trade . In seven years he made fiv e voyages across a fi the P ci c and back , discovering vast areas of sandalwood in the Hawaiian Islands and using that commodity as
the basis for trade with China .
H e devoted the greater p art of his life to building trade over the Trans -Pacific route and in exploration
along the Northwest Coast , never returning to his home
port .
’ A n c/mc é
1 745-1 800 OH N BA Y J RR , F irst Commodore of the U nited S tates Navy
mmodore John ’ r r s F y lagship , e Uni ted S ta tes fir S OH N BA RRY, s t commodore of the United tates M M Navy , began his sea career in the erchant arine
at the age of eleven . Throughout his life he never forgot those days and in leaving the Merchant S ervice “ declared that he was abandoning the fine st and fir st
employ in America .
At the opening of the Revolutionary War B arry offered his services to Congress and became one of the F first ofli ce rs commissioned in our N avy . In ebruary of 1 776 he was given command of the L e x i n g ton and made
z E dwar d . the initial capture of an enemy vessel , sei ing the During subsequent engagements he destroyed so many enemy ships that he was offered pounds and the
command of a squadron if he would desert the Colonies . “ H e replied : Not the value and command of the whole British fleet can seduce me from the cause of my adopted ” country .
Captain B arry commanded the Alli an c e in 1 78 1 when L F that vessel carried afayette to rance . S ix years later he was a delegate to the Philadelphia Convention for r e A vision of the rticles of Confederation .
H e superintended the construction of the great frigate Uni te d S ta tes and later commanded her but he died nine years before that vessel distinguished herself in the Wa r 1 1 of 8 2 .
1 745- 1 803
— 1 7 The 8 0 71 H0 mme Ri char d in action W ith the S er api s
JOH N PAU L JONES Typical of the ship
m asters of that day , Jones brought to the infant naval service the V igor and enter prise which he had ac quired in his early days aboard merchant
ships . RAD IT ION for the U nited S tates Navy dates back to the remarkable accomplishments of John Paul Jones and his fellow Merchant office rs of the Con
ti nental Navy .
S pliced into that brave beginning is much that is r part of the U nited S tates Merchant Marine . F o Jones ,
typical of the shipmasters of that day , brought to the infant naval service the vigor and enterprise which he had
acquired in his early days aboard merchant ships .
After sixteen years of service in merchant vessels , “ ” Jones had the honor to hoist the fir st F lag of America
fir aboard a ship . In 1 77 8 he received the st formal recognition ever given to the U nited S tates by a foreign
fleet . H i s courage in the face of great odds was best depicted in the engagement with the S er api s when his 8 0 71 Homme Ri char d l ship the , much sma ler than her rival , emerged the victor after a thrilling sea duel . When Cap
er a i s tain Pearson , master of the S p , surrendered , he handed over his sword with this comment : I cannot , Si r , but feel much mortificati on at the idea of surrendering my sword to a man who fought me with a rope around his neck .
J ones received the sword but returned it at once . ” S i r A You have fought gallantly , , the merican repl ied ,
and I hope your King will give you a better ship .
i t cu t
1 747 - 1 792 JOH N STEVENS
fir s - The P ho eni x , t ocean going steamboat
An l M E ar y New Engl and erchantman . 1 799 E li z a R In the , Captain James owan , was the first U nited States vessel to p ass through the G olden G ate . Y the turn of the Eighteenth Century many smart New England ships were crossing the Pacific with
- rich cargoes of sea otter skins , obtained on the
Northwest Coast of what is now the U nited States . More and more craft made the hard voyage round Cape H orn
to load these valuable peltries for Canton , China , where
they were highly pri zed by the Chinese merchants . It ’ m n was one of these early Nor we st e , James Rowan , who
Ma 24 1 E i za an F on y , 7 99, brought the l to anchor in S ran fi cisco B ay , the rst U nited S tates vessel to p ass through
the Golden G ate . Captain Rowan purchased supplies from the S panish
authorities there , proceeded to China and then returned to Boston . Rowan continued in this trade for several years and there are records of two other visits which he p aid to H az ar d S an F rancisco . On August 1 1 , as master of the , Rowan collected supplies at S an F rancisco and anchored later at S anta Barbara and S an Juan Capistrano where
he probably engaged in trade with the S paniards .
za r d Rowan returned to S an F rancisco in the H a ,
January 30 , 1 804, and obtained supplies . In S eptember he was at S an Buenaventura and S an Juan Capistrano
for provisions . W S illiam turgis , who later became a famous master
and merchant in the Northwest and China Trade , had shipped with Captain Rowan on his fir st recorded voyage “ - - r e as a sixteen year old foremast hand . S ome of the marks ” which Sturgis included in his log present an
admirable picture of life on board a Northwest fur trader . R ’ Sturgis returned to Boston , as Captain owan s third
offi cer , in the spring of 1 800 , after an absence of almost
exactly two years .
m e d wa n ROBERT RICHARD RANDALL F ounder of S ail ors ’ Snug H arbor OB E RT RI CHA RD RAND A L L , privateer , mer
chant and philanthropist , was an important factor in the American Merchant Marine during the latter half of the eighteenth century
’ F ollowing his father s career , Randall went to sea
as a youth . H e became a privateer and later a ship builder , his courage and vision enabling him to overcome the obstacles of his day .
Marvin , in his authoritative book , referred to men of R ’ andall s caliber , when he wrote : Our national inde pende nce was really won and maintained by u s upon the sea through the splendid consistency of val or and skill
fishe rmen of the crews of our merchant ships , whalers and R l who , in the evo ution , were almost as numerous as , and far more effective than the entire army of Washing ton .
Randall took a deep interest in American men of the sea and in 1 77 1 became a member of the Marine S o ci et y of New York for the relief of distressed seamen , their widows and orphans . In collaboration with his father , he acquired land in and around New York , a large p ortion of which he will ed to the establishment of S ’ S H ailors nug arbor on Staten Island .
R Thus the andall fortune , gathered during the early ’ days of the nation s seagoing , became the foundation of ’ s e ame n s be nefi t .
1 750 - 1 80 1 The ship G ood F r i ends of Philadelphia
S TEPH EN G IRARD
financi e r Merch ant , and 1 92 philanthropist , in 7 he bought and rebuilt the ship which became his favorite and he called her the G ood
F r i en ds . orn in Bordeaux , F rance . At the age went to sea as a cabin boy and after 1 six voyages , chiefly to S anto Domingo , he was in 773 fir st licensed to act as captain . In 1 77 4 he made his independent voyage as office r of a ship sailing from - - B ordeaux to Port au Prince . H e then came to New York and entered the employ of the shipping fi rm of first Thomas Randall and S on , making several voyages ,
as mate , and then as captain . Trading on a small scale for himself he accumulated a little capital and became — master and half owner of the vessel L a Jeun e B a be . 1 In 776, after a rough voyage he put into Phil a del
phia , then the largest city in the colonies and first in H trade . e became a citi zen of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania and turned his attention to foreign trade , first to the West Indies , and later to E urope and Asia . Girard ’s instructions to his captains and supercargoes and the detailed statements and reports he demanded from them reveal a thrilling story of the romance of
commerce in those stormy days . B y dint of unusual busi ness acumen and foresight coupled with an industry and
persistency that would not be denied , he achieved an
extraordinary success . At one time or another he was
the owner of eighteen vessels , though six was the l argest
number he had at one time . In addition to his important activities in the com m r i al fin e c and anci al life of the nation , Girard played a
remarkable role as a citi zen of his adopted city . During l the yel ow fever epidemic of 1 793, he not onl y gave l iberall y of his time and money but volunteered to act as
superintendent of a fever hospital , working day and night
at this humane j ob . When he died his will directed that cash and real estate be placed in trust for the education
of worthy boys . Girard College in Phil adelphia thus was founded and stands today in memory of his accom i hm n pl s e ts .
fe e loé n i n t r o! 1 750 - 1 831 A p age from the log
of the ship Her cu l es . Captain Carpenter ’ s sketches of “ A view o n t h e M a l a b a r ” “ Coast , and The ” Road of F ayal .
CAPTAIN B ENJA M IN CARPENTER The S alem Master of t h e B o s t o n S h i p
Her cu l es .
CAPTAIN E EN S T PH DECATUR ,
S R. D uring the Revol u tion Captain Deca tur commanded sev eral s u c c e s s f u l
privateers . Later as commander of the new frigate P hi l a d e lp hi a he captured
many pri zes .
del hi a The Phi l a p , which was fir s t ably commanded by S tephen D eca t u r , S r . , w a s l a t e r b u r n e d , after her capture by the Tripoli tans , by S tephen “ r i n D ecatur , J . , the most bold and daring act of the
age . The B urning of the Phi l a d e lp hi a a diti ons of his family which
for generations had sent its sons to sea , S tephen Decatur was master of the sloop P eggy in 1 774when
- he was twenty two years of age .
During the Revolution he engaged in privateering , R e ta li a i on S commanding in succession the galley t , loop ir Ame ri can R o a l L ou i s C ome t, brig F a , and ships y and
n . 1 Ri s ing S u In 1 78 , before his cruise to Teneriffe in the n n Ris i g S u , he was a prisoner for some months in New G York . Later , with the Philadelphia merchants urney and Smith , he was commander and part owner of the Ar i e l ships P enn s ylvani a and , taking his son S tephen , aged eight , on a voyage to B ordeaux .
Commissioned Captain in the U nited S tates Navy , 1 8 F May 1 1 , 7 9 , at the outbreak of hostilities with rance , D e l awar e he put to sea with the , and in July captured the F rench privateer L e Cr oya bl e , the fi rst pri ze of the D e l awar e war and of the new American navy . In the , with two smaller vessels , he was senior officer during the - a 1 800 winter of 1 7 98 99 off northern Cuba . In M y , he arrived on the Guadeloupe station in the new frigate fi r Phi l ad e lp hi a , and was senior of ce of the squadron there d fiv e z r e until August . The P hi la e lphi a captured pri es ,
turning home in March 1 80 1 . H onorably discharged at the close of hostilities , and after some further connection with the shipping firm of G urney and Smith in Phil adel
phia , Decatur purchased an estate near F rankfort , Penn
sylvania , where he established a gunpowder works .
H i s three sons served their country with distinction ; hi l de hi a S tephen , Jr . , hero in the burning of the P a lp at “ ” Tripoli , the most bold and daring act of the age ;
J ames , killed in action before Tripoli ; and John who r e 1 1 tired after three years naval service in 8 0 . At a dinner in Philadelphia in honor of his son S tephen after the
Tripolitan War , the father responded to a toast with the “ ” words , our children are the property of their country .
1 752- 1 808 The C olumbi a and the L ady Was hi ng ton
CAPTAIN ROBERT GRAY
On e of the na tion ’s gre ex l or e r s g p , obert G ray ’s discovery of the Columbia R i V e r insured t h i s 11 a t i o n s sovereignty over t h e w e s t e r 11
states . ’ AI LE D as one of the nation s great explorers , Robert G ray ’s discovery of the Columbia River i n sured this nation ’s sovereignty over the western
states . H i s other claim to fame is that his ship was the
first to take the American flag around the world .
fir st M M G ray returned to his love , the erchant arine , H i after having served in the Continental Navy . s record as ship ’s m aster was such that he was chosen to com mand the sloop L a dy Wa s hing ton on Captain John
’ Kendrick s expedition to the Pacific Northwest .
Captain K endrick set up headquarters when the ships reached the P acific and Captain Gray was sent on an exploration trip which resulted in his discovery of the R great Columbia iver . G ray was then given the Columbi a l and sai ed her around the world . F rom Canton he brought
fir st the cargo of tea to reach New England , opening up another trade in which American merchant ships and l men ater made their mark . CAPTAIN T HO MAS T RU X TU N General G eorge Wash n ing to , at a dinner in ’ n T r ux tu s honor , de cl ar e d his s e r v i c e s “ ” worth a regiment . T rux tun returned to M the U . S . erchant
Marine after the war .
I n 1 799 in one of the warmest comb ats between f r i g a t e s ” the C o n s t e l l a t i o n silenced the guns L en en ce of a V g . ORN near Hempstead , Long Island , New York , in 1 T rux tun 7 55, Thomas went to sea when he was
L . twelve years ol d , sailing in the ondon trade fte en Impressed into the British Navy at the age of fi , he later obtained his release and entered the Merchant
Marine and became a captain at the age of twenty .
H e became an ardent privateersman during the C on r es s Revolution , serving as lieutenant in the g and In de later captain of several armed vessels , notably the mes t. Ja mes . S e Ma r s t. Ja p en d en c , the and the S The brought back the most valuable cargo entered at Phila G W delphia during the Revolution , and G eneral eorge ash ’ in n T rux tun s g to , at a dinner in honor , declared his serv “ ” ices worth a regiment .
After the war he returned to the U nited States Mer
chant Marine , making m any voyages and taking out the
fir C an on 1 78 6. st Philadelphia ship to China , the t , in In 94 U June , 1 7 , he was made a captain in the new nited R emar ks In s tr u o S tates Navy . In this year he published ,
n d am l es R e l a i n t L a i u d e a n d L on i u de . ti o s an E x p , t g o t t g t In s r u c i n s i n a ls n Three years l ater he published t t o , S g a d
f E x l an a i on s er ed or the . . F l e e t 1 p t Ofi f U S , and in 80 6 a A F ew E x tr a cts fr om the B es t u thor s on Nava l T a c tws . 1 98 In June , 7 , at the outbreak of hostilities with n l F rance , he sailed in the frigate C o s te l a ti on , whose con
struction he had su pervised . In 1 799 he captured the ’ F In sur en t fi hti n rench frigate g after an hour s g g , and in the following year in “ one of the warmest combats between frigates that is on record he silenced the guns n en ce of the powerful Ve g .
After commanding the Pr esi d en t during the last months of hostilities he retired to his home at Perth A mboy , New Jersey . T rux tun received the thanks of
Congress and a gold medal , and in p opular regard he be u came nquestionably the hero of the war .
o m a d
1 755-1 822 fla shi F P r esid en t, the g p of U . S . rigate
Commodore D ale .
COM M ODORE R ICH ARD D ALE A comm ander of E ast Indiamen in the U nited S t a t e s M e r c h a n t
Marine , Richard D ale was John Paul Jones ’ fir st Lieutenant on the B on H omme Ri cha r d in the brilliant battl e i s with the S er ap .
36
B a l ti ck The schooner , , type of the smaller vessel s in which the Revolutionary privateersmen put to sea . Paintings of American ships as old as this are
exceedingly rare . A S T E R mariner and U nited S tates consul - general ’ M to Algiers , Richard O B r i e n was born in aine in
1 758 . As a boy he went with his parents to Ire l and , but after a brief stay he became apprenticed to a
captain of a merchant vessel and sailed to America . H e continued in the merchant service and became a skillful
seaman and navigator .
During the American Re volution he engaged in priva teering and for a time served as a lieutenant on board the e e r brig Jff s on . At the end of the war he became master n of the ship D auphi , owned by two Philadelphi a mer
chants , but while sailing near Lisbon on July 30 , 1 7 8 5, was
captured by Algerine Pirates . During the ten year period of his captivity he carried on an extensive correspondence
with prominent Americans regarding Algerine affairs . When peace was made between the U nited S tates and S 1 9 Algiers in eptember , 7 5, and he was released , he con v e yed a copy of the treaty to Lisbon to be countersigned ’ by the U nited S tates peace commissioner , D avid H um ’ phr eys . F rom Lisbon O B r i en went to London for funds to put into operation the treaty ; then returned to Algiers in March 1 7 96; and in June sailed to the U nited States
to transact further business relative to the treaty . The followi ng October he was commissioned to conclude a treaty of peace with Tripoli , and within less than a month had successfully performed the task . In July , 1 7 97 , he
- was appointed consul general to Algiers , in which capac 1 ity he served with distinction until November , 803.
’ O B ri en aided Commodore Preble in negotiating with 1 the Pasha of Tripoli ; then , in December , 804, he returned to the U nited S tates . H e settled in Philadelphia and in 1 808 became a member of the Pennsylvania Legisl ature .
1 758 - 1 824 J OS H U A BARNEY Commodore A merchant Captain fif en at the age of te , he was commodore of a S quadron dur ing the American Revolution and a courageous priva teer during the War
of 1 8 1 2 .
-All The H yde r y , Cap tain B arney , captured the G en er a l Mon k in
a brilliant b attle . 1 1 J IS father , early in 77 , entrusted oshua Barney to a Baltimore pilot aboard whose craft he enj oyed “ ” a short but useful experience .
1 In January , 77 5, while on a voyage to Nice with a cargo of wheat , the captain died and there being no mate ,
fifte en . Barney , at the age of , took command of the vessel
After bringing the ship into G ibraltar , he negotiated a loan to have her repaired , sold the cargo to advantage , and , after a series of remarkable adventures , the youthful captain recrossed the Atlantic and astounded the ship owner with his romantic story . H k ’ In October , 1 77 5, he j oined Commodore op ins squadron and distinguished himself in the Bahama cam 1 paign . In June , 77 6, he was commissioned lieutenant in M the Navy by Robert Morris , president of the arine Com “ mitte e of Congress i n consequence of his good conduct ” ill a with the flot .
der - ll F or a brilliant exploit as captain of the H y A y , B arney received the thanks of the state of Pennsylvania and was presented with a special sword of honor . Late in 1 782 he carried ofli ci al dispatches to Benj amin F ranklin in Paris and was received with honors by G eneral L R M afayette . eturning to the erchant S ervice , B arney took command of the Ci n cinn a tus out of B altimore and arrived at H avre with the new U nited States minister to F rance , James Monroe .
War 1 81 2 During the of he engaged in privateering , numerous and valuable pri zes being taken by the armed vessels under his control and often under his personal
command . Wounded during the gallant campaign in
defense of the City of Washington , he was presented with a sword of honor by that city and was appointed naval
officer of B altimore .
1 759- 1 8 1 8 “ i tu ti on Old The U . S . S . C ons t , Ironsides
COM MODORE E DWARD PREBLE Trained in the U nited S t a t e s M e r c h a n t
Marine , E dward Preble was in command of a squadron in the War fl a with Tripoli . H i s g
ship was the U S S .
C on s ti tu ti on . R M 1 7 61 O N at F almouth , now Portland , aine , in , E dward Preble was the son of General Jedidiah
fi r R . At Preble , an of ce in the evolutionary Army the age of sixteen he ran away to sea on a privateer of
Newburyport , and in 1 77 9 was appointed a midshipman
on the frigate P r o tec tor of the Massachusetts navy .
After the Revolution he spent fifte en years with the U nited States Merchant Marine and visited many ports
of the world , being once captured by pirates .
1 U pon the opening of hostilities with F rance in 798 , he was appointed lieutenant and given command of the brig Pi ck e r in g in the squadron of Commodore John B arry . H e was later made captain of the new frigate E ss ex and set sail with a convoy of merchantmen for the E ast fir st U S Indies . The E s s ex thus became the nited tates
warship to show the fl ag beyond the Cap e of G ood H ope . When the war with Tripoli began Preble was put in
command of a squadron to be sent to the Mediterranean . H i s fl ag ship was the Con s ti tu ti on and the squadron i n i d a cluded six other vessels ; the frigate P h l a e lp hi , two brigs and three schooners . A blockade of Tripoli was maintained by the squadron and preparations were made for an attack on the heavily defended town . The squadron w i nfli te bombarded the to n and c d considerable damage . F our subsequent attacks were made , but Tripoli was not taken . The next year , however , peace was concluded and Preble returned home and engaged in the building of gun boats for the navy .
Imp artial in his j udgment and free from prej udice ,
Preble j ustly earned the admiration of his officers . H i s squadron was a training school for many of the young office r s who later distinguished themselves in the War of
1 8 1 2 . S William B ainbridge . tephen Decatur , Charl es S ll tewart , Isaac Hu , D avid Porter , and many of the still officer s younger , were worthy pupils of a great m aster .
wa
1 7 61 - 1 807 N CAPTAI A MASA D ELANO of Duxbury , Massachusetts
M h aster mariner , shipbuilder , explorer and aut or , he is one of the great figur e s in the early history of
the U nited S tates Merchant Marine .
N 1 A view of BOSTO HARBOR , circa 773
A - fter a brilliant career as master mariner , privateer M L IEL B R DF RD and merchant , G A A A O became presi dent of a B oston society devoted to the interests
and welfare of seamen . to the American camp e l B radford remained with the
ary Army until 1 783. Advanced to a lieutenancy in 1 780 he had the reputation of a resolute and brave ofii ce r . Bradford soon decided in favor of a career in the U nited S tates Merchant Marine and in 1 784 made a voy a age to F rance , where he remained for several months c quiring a knowledge of the language . Later he mastered L atin , S p anish and Italian , as well as making a study of
English literature . H i s many fine letters give evidence of his extensive reading and observation . H e was at V enice when Napoleon entered that city in 1 807 and his unique account was published and is now on fil e at the
B oston Library . When in command of a four hundred ton ship in 1 7 99 he was attacked by four F rench privateers in the Medite r
n a H e r a e n S e a . m ade a brave and successful resistance and was rewarded by the ship owner for his skill and
. 1 805 courage In , as m aster of the armed ship In du s tr y , he was attacked off Gibraltar by three lateen - rigged fi pirates . The ght lasted for two hours and in the course of it Bradford received a wound in his thigh which necessitated the amputation of his leg . Going ashore for several years , he pursued his mercantile interests . In 1 7 98 President Adams offered him the command
of a frigate but he felt obliged to refuse the honor . H e became president of a Boston society devoted to the inter ests and welfare of seamen . Chosen a member of the Massachusetts H istorical S ociety he took a lively interest in its affairs and prosperity .
1 7 63- 1 824 ROBERT F U LTON ’ On e of America s
earliest inventors , he was the fir s t to bring the steamboat
into practical use .
’ F ulton s Cl er mon t made her famous thirty- two hour trip up the Hudson from New York to Albany
in 1 807 . ’ L i h F U T ON, one of America s earliest exhibited his genius at the early age of n he successfully applied paddle wheels in propelling his fishi ng boat . Three decades later his Cl e r mon t made her famous thirty- two hour trip up the
H udson from New York to Albany .
The years between the little paddle boat and the Cle r mon t were fill e d with as much disappointment as achievement for the inventor . Success frequently turned to failure and each passing year brought more than its share of misfortune . During the twenty years that he flax spent in England he invented a machine for spinning , a double inclined plane for raising and lowering boats
- and a cast iron aqueduct . During this period he did considerable mechanical and architectural drawing and some portrait p ainting .
S ubmarine navigation and explosives also came under his eye . In 1 80 1 he experimented under the auspices of the F rench government but was dismissed after failing to blow up British ships that sailed along the coast . H e then went to E ngland but also received scorn when his F torpedoes failed to inj ure the rench fleet at Boulogne .
’ The success of F ulton s Cl er mon t in 1 807 excited
much j ealousy and his claim of originality was disputed . H e is credited , however , with bringing the steamboat
into practical use .
Am!
1 7 65- 1 81 5 The F r a n klin of B oston
JAM ES D EVEREUX Captain D evereux of F r a n k S alem , took the lin into N agasaki in 1 first 7 99, one of the U nited S tates vessels to trade with Japan . RN 1 6 O in Ireland in 7 6, James Devereux came to S alem as a boy in the ship commanded by his uncle J M , ohn urphy , a master mariner and merchant .
In 1 7 99, as master of the ship F r a nklin , D evereux
made his famous voyage to Japan and his clerk , G eorge
Cleveland , has left a s the first detailed record of an
American ship trading with that nation . F or almost two centuries t he Dutch E ast India Company had enj oyed the exclusive right of sending one ship a year from F B atavia to trade at Nagasaki . earing capture of its vessels by British warships this company chartered American vessels for this annual service for four suc c s si v - e e years , 1 798 1 80 1 . S amuel E . Morison states that “ the first American vessel apparently to have this honor E iz was the ship , l a , of New York . There is a contem por ary Japanese painting showing her being lightered off H 1 9 z a rock in Nagasaki arbor in 7 8 , by several do en 1 F r a n kli n small boats . In 799the ship , , of Boston , James
Devereux m aster , was the lucky vessel , and Captain D ev e r e ux s clerk gives u s the fir st full account of an J “ American vessel entering apan , a half century before Perry ’s squadron shattered the isolation of the S hoguns ” and S amurai .
Cleveland ’s account details the ceremonies that had to be adhered to by the vessels entering this mysterious J land . On entering ap anese waters the Dutch ensign fir d was hoisted , prescribed salutes were e and the Yankee officers had to comply with minute and rigorous regula ’ al tions during their four months stay . But they were V n lowed , carefully guarded , to isit the tow , and to bring back private adventures which are still treasured in 1 a h e S alem homes . In 800 the ship Mas s c us tts of Boston , received the annual charter and in 1 80 1 the ship Ma r g ar e t of S alem pulled off the prize . She was apparently the last American vessel to be received in a J apa n e s e harbor until
Commodore Perry broke the isolation of Nippon .
m ed e ue r e u x
1 7 66- 1 846 ’ The Cr owni n shi elds ship Am er i ca
JACOB CROWNINS H IELD Member of a great ship owning family he was
one of four brothers , all of whom commanded ships before they were
- twenty one .
N LIJ H BB CAPTAI E A CO , of Brewster , Massachusetts H E eminent Cape Cod shipmaster , Elij ah Cobb ,
initiated his career in 1 783, when as a boy of thir teen he shipped from B oston for S urinam as cabin
- l boy and cook . When he was twenty four , he set sai for
Cadi z , S pain , as master of the brig Ja n e with a cargo of fl our and rice . ’ The story of the Ja n e s capture by a F rench frigate , ’ z her release by the pri e court , and Cobb s negotiations
with Robespierre to secure payment for his cargo ,
marked him as one of the keenest merchants of his time . This combination of merchant and seaman characteri zed the Yankee Master in that early d ay when our merchant
marine was becoming the envy of the world . Cobb returned to B oston where he was hailed as the leading authority on the ways and means of collecting
H fir cargo payments in Europe . e was the st Yankee cap tain who had traded with the F rench under the new 1 F regime . Then in 799, giving the rench ports a rest , he took the brig Ma r y on a long and successful voyage
to Lisbon , London , Rotterdam , S t . Petersburg and back
to B oston . Cobb made two or three v oyages to E urope in the
r ship , P a a g on , and then in 1 8 1 8 embarked on a brand
new sort of voyage , the African trade . In his ship the
r er - T en B o th s he brought back p alm oil , gold dust , ivory n and coffee . O his next voyage the tropical fevers claimed
most of his crew . Luck and robust health brought Cobb
home in safety from this , his last voyage .
The remainder of his long life was spent in B rewster ,
- where his quarter deck voice was heard in town meetings , H and from time to time in the State ouse in Boston , for
there like so many other retired shipmasters , he served
his district as S enator .
tfa é 44 1 7 70 - 1 851 N0 0 9
AMERICAN PRACTICAL NAVIGATOR
AN EPITOME OF NAVIGATION AND NAUTICAL ASTRONOMY
ORIGINALLY BY
NIEL BOWDITCH LL NATHA ,
( Reward Edi ti on 0! 1 938 )
Published by the LM 1 LD Su n s H vouo c mrmc 0 1 1 10 undu the authority o l the Shcneu uv o r 1 m
The first edition of B owditch ’s “ Practical N avigator ” appear e d in 1 80 1 . It has been trans lated into a d ozen languages , passed through countless edi tions , and still remains the standard American treatise on ATH ANIEL WD C navigation . N BO IT H S long as ships shall sail , the needle point to the
o north , and the stars g through their wonted
courses in the heavens , the name of Dr . Bowditch will be revered as one who helped his fellowmen in time of need
This tribute by the S alem Marine S ociety to
Nathaniel B owditch , mathematician , astronomer and navigator , sums up the contributions of this genius who presented to the world the science of navigation as it is known today .
Born in S alem , Bowditch educated himself in his spare time with such z eal that at the age of twenty - one he was unusually well informed and an outstanding fir st mathematician . In 1 7 95 he went to sea on the of ’ n four voyages as supercargo and captain s writer . O a ’ fifth voyage he was made ship s master and p art owner .
These voyages convinced him of the many errors in navigation as it was computed in that day and he r e ’ “ solved to rewrite H amilton Moore s Navigator . H e
A r e a began work on this and later , aboard the s t , he began to put his theories into practice . H i s instructions to the men before the mast gave the As tr e a a unique reputation : every m an of her crew was able to work a lunar and eventually became either a master or a mate .
H i s 1 2 Practical Navigator , published in 80 , was a “ av boon to mariners . The New American Practical N ig a ” tor , today remains a standard authority .
o wc/i c
1 773- 1 838 M The Custom H ouse , S alem , assachusetts
NATHAN IEL S ILS BEE Comm anded the ship B en jami n when he was nineteen , and later entered the
U . S . S en ate as a colleague of D aniel
Webster . A H IPM S T E R, merchant and statesman , Nathaniel
S ilsbee was born in S alem , Massachusetts . S on of
a sea captain , S ilsbee shipped as supercargo at the r a age of fourteen with Captain Magee on the As t e .
H i s abilities made rapid advancement possible . When he was b ut nineteen he was in command of the D erby ’ B e n a mi n ship , j , 0 11 a famous youngster s voyage to E ast ’ - 1 7 92 4. fir s t ern waters in 9 S ilsbee s mate , Charles D erby was twenty ; his clerk Richard J. Cleveland , but eighteen . “ - n The second mate , an old salt of twenty four , proved i subordinate and was put ashore !” With a miscellaneous cargo , these schoolboys made a most successful voyage
to the Cape of G ood H ope , and Ile de F rance , using
sound j udgment as to p orts and cargoes , amid embargoes and revolutions ; sli p ping their cables at Capetown aIter dark to escape a British frigate ; drifting out of Bourbon ’ with the ebb tide to elude a F rench brig - o -war ; returning to S alem after nineteen months absence with a cargo which brought almost fiv e hundred per cent pr ofit to the “ ” owner ! The pi ctui e of one of those boyish sea captains , the Am er i can Mer notes John R . S pears in his S tm y of “ n Ma r i n e n n cha t , fl i gi g the S tars and Stripes to the breeze on the far side of the earth portrays , better than ” anyt hing ever said , written or done , the spirit of America .
S ilsbee m ade many other pr ofitabl e voyages to the A M . t Orient , Russia and the editerranean the age of — e twenty seven , he was able to retire from the sea to devot his energy to commerce and shipping activities in S alem and B oston .
I n 1 8 1 6 he became a member of the H ouse of Re pr e s entati v e s . Ten years later he was Junior S enator from
Massachusetts , a colleague of D aniel Webster . During his fice U terms of of , becau se of his deep interest in the nited
S tates Merchant Marine , he was responsible for writing legislation which secured important shipping reforms .
1 773— 1 850 CAPTAIN RICHARD J CLEVELAND
CAPTAIN MOSES ROGERS Captain Rogers com ’ m an ded F ulton s C l er ’ n ho eni x m o t , Stevens P , and in 1 8 1 9 was in command of the S a v an the fir st steam s h i p t o c r o s s t h e
Atlantic .
F irs t Trans - Atlantic S teamer - far sighted American shipmaster , became enthusiastic over the future of steam ships and lived to command three of the earliest types of these vessels .
H e sailed out of New London in small craft and was in command of a Long Island S ound ship when, twenty R F one . H e heard of the daring ideas of obert ulton and began to speculate upon their future . Rogers came to ’ ’ command F ulton s Cl er mon t and S tevens steamer Phoeni x . I n 1 80 9 he was master of the P hoeni x when she cleared from S andy H ook for Cape May on the earliest of the off
i x l shore steamboat voyages . S years ater he inaugurated steamer service between New York and B altimore , com
e manding the E ag l , and later becoming part owner of the
- bi weekly l ine between the ports .
In 1 81 4 and 1 81 5 Captain Rogers p atented a horse power ferry , later adopted by New York ferry l ines . B y that time he was considered America ’s outstanding steamer skipper and was assigned to superintend the n fitti ng out of the S avan a h.
Captain Rogers sailed in the S avann a h for Liverp ool
Ma 22 1 8 1 9 on y , , and proceeded to S tockholm and St .
- Petersburg . This first Trans Atlantic steamer voyage
- took twenty nine days , el even hours , a p assage three
days l onger than sailing ship time , but one which mark s
- the beginning of ocean going steamship transportation .
0 62 5
1 779- 1 821
— 63 The privateer S a r a tog a
1 In the S ar a tog a , between 1 8 1 2 and 1 8 3, CAPTAIN - z WOOSTER took twenty two pri es , most of them after engagements , and many times against great odds . R APT AIN C H A RLE S W . W OOS T E was a New 1 2 York Pilot at the outbreak of the War of 1 8 . im Like many another shipmaster of that d ay , he mediately took service as a privateer .
a ra o a 1 8 1 2 1 8 1 3 In the S t g , between and , Captain
- en Wooster took twenty two pri zes , most of them after
a me n s . On g g e t , and many times against great odds one occasion Wooster was obliged to j ettison twelve of his
a ra a . guns , leaving the S tog almost unarmed Before he could make port he fell in with the eighteen - gun British
r n a S hip Ma yi a . Captain Wooster had sp ars cut up and
blackened . These dummy guns were run out and the
H e enemy was bluffed into striking his colors . then took
’ ' aboard the Mm g ian a s guns and proceeded .
One of the many valuable pri z es taken by Wooster
e l was the letter of marque Ra ch , a vessel armed with
- twel ve nine p ounders . At that time she was carry ing
pounds sterling .
The ingenuity and d aring of Captain Wooster were typical of the character of the American privateer and made him the scourge of America ’ s enemies and one of her bulwarks against tyranny in the days of her greatest
peril .
a r e a o o d fe r
1 780 - 1 848 Hongs and Waterfront of Canton , China
CAPTAIN J OH N S UTER ’ n The Nor we stme , of whom Captain S uter is a n o u t s t a n d i n g e x
ampl e , left from B os ton and traded for furs with the Indians of our l Northwest Coast , so d
these furs at Canton ,
C h i n a , and r e tu r n e d home by way of the Cape of G ood H ope with rich cargoes from
the Orient . V ORN of S cots parents near N orfolk , irginia , in
1 78 1 , John S uter , at the age of eight made his way “ ch1 1d to Boston on a schooner . The was befriended ” M 1 n hl s S E . by a Boston pilot , relates amuel orison , “ hu s e s h1m to Ma ri time H i s to ry of Mas s a c tt , who taught ‘ i hand reef , and steer , to read his Bible , and to l ve ” straight .
At seventeen S uter began his deep sea voyages . The next two years brought adventures enough to have damp ’ ened anyone s ardor for seafaring ; privateering against
F rance , capture and a Brest dungeon ; a West I ndia voyage , impressment into a British frigate , an attack of “ - x . small p o , and one of yellow j ack Yet no sooner was the boy back in B oston than he shipped as foremost hand on the ship Al er t outward bound to the Northwest Coast
and Canton . John S uter did so well on his first Northwest voyage 1 4 that on his second , in 80 , he sailed as m ate and assistant trader on the ship P e a r l . On her return voyage , he was promoted to master and supercargo , and made a most successful voyage to the northwest coast and Canton . H aving proved himself both a keen trader and an able master Captain S uter was appointed to succeed William 1 1 S turgis on the Ata hu a lpa . Owing to the W ar of 8 2 and a fi the presence of enemy cruisers in the P ci c , Captain S uter sold the Ata hu a lp a at H awaii at considerable sacri
fi . ce ; but he got enough furs into Canton to send home , after peace was concluded , a cargo that netted the owners “ a handsome profit on their original adventure On e interesting anecdote survives regarding this out ’ “ standing Nor we stman . H e was more deeply religious
- than most New England born sea captains , and read the
Bible aloud daily on shipboard . One young scamp of a supercargo amused himself by putting back the bookm ark ’ at the conclusion of every day s reading , until the Cap tain remarked mildly that he seemed to be having head wi nds through the B ook of D aniel !” “ A fter a sixth and seventh voyage around the world , M ’ “ concludes orison s account , Captain S uter settled down in Boston to the tranquil j oys of home and family , that ” he had fairly won from sea and savage barter .
An fe r
1 78 1 - 1 8 52 WILLIAM S TURGIS More than half of the trade carried on from the U n i t e d S t a t e s with the Orient was under the direction of the firm of Bryant and ” S turgis .
The Ata hu a lp a in Macao Roads , port below Can t o n , C h i n a , w h e r e S turgis beat off an at tack of sixteen
pirate j unks .
BURNHAM HALL 2 FORBES HOSPITAL l GORDO N H ALL 7 G RAY HALL 9
HAAG H ALL 4» LOW HALL 8 MATS ON HALL 3 PEA RSON HALL 6 PO RTER HALL 5 ROWAN H ALL IO
WATERMAN HALL . !
R O AD
H AAG HALL The Privateer G en er a l Ar ms tr ong
i-p / fi) 1¢ (0 11
S M A UEL C . REID U nder his command the privateer brig G en er a l Arms tr ong with nine guns and twenty men twice repulsed the attack of three men - of— war armed with one hun dred and thirty guns and two thousand
men . S OLLOWING in the footsteps of his father , amuel Chester Reid was at sea before he had reached his
twelfth birthday . After many voyages across the U Atlantic 0 11 merchant vessels , Reid entered the nited
S tates N avy and rose to the position of Captain .
U nder his command the privateer brig G en er a l
Ar ms tr ong achieved one of the most notable feats of the
War of 1 8 1 2 . With nine guns and ninety men he twice repulsed the attack of three enemy men - of— war armed with one hundred and thirty guns and two thousand men ,
H e fin all y scuttling his ship in the harbor of F ayal . had i n fli cte d two hundred and fifty enemy casualties with the loss of only three men .
Reid later became warden of the port of New York during which time he invented and installed a signal
telegraphy system at the Battery and at the Narrows . H e also was responsible for regulations governing the opera tion of pilot boats off S andy H ook . U p on his suggestion the thirteen stripes were retained in the National Ensign and the number of stars was increased to denote added
fl a states in the U nion . The g made by his wife was ap A 4 1 1 proved by Congress on pril , 8 8 , and was hoisted to fl y over the Capitol .
a m u e
1 78 3- 1 8 61 - - The Letter of Marque S chooner D avid P or ter
CAPTAIN GEORGE COGGES H ALL M e r c h a n t , privateer and author , he dis ti ng ui she d himself dur ing the war of 1 8 1 2 as captain of the priva teers D a vi d P o r t er and L e o . ERCH A T G N captain , privateer and author , eorge
Coggeshall left his home in Milford , Connecticut , to g o to sea as soon as he was old enough to ” bear a message from the quarterdeck to the forecastle .
H i s father , an ardent Revolutionary p atriot , had been a shipm a ster who had suffered in the prison ship Jer s ey At and had lost several vessels in the tr yng war times . fifte e n G eorge made his fir st long voyage when he shipped to Cadi z as cabin boy in a schooner commanded by a
fir s Milford captain . In 1 8 09 Coggeshall received his t
command and for almost sixty years he followed the sea .
During the Wa r of 1 8 1 2 he distinguished himself as captain of the privateers D a vid P or ter and L eo . The L e o was captured off Lisbon by the frigate G r ani cus and
Coggeshall was delivered as a prisoner at Gibraltar . Two days later he effected his escape from the fortress and returned to New York .
In the long years at sea he read diligently and kept a careful and detailed j ournal and on his retirement he H “ H turned author . i s istory of American Privateers and Letters - of— Marque is the most important of his works and remains an imp ortant source book on the his tory of privateering . It contains two important chapters on his own exploits . Coggeshall wrote a cl ear , terse sea “ ” l flav r man y English o e d with a dash of quaint elegance .
e o r ge gge d ha 1 784- 1 861 CHARLES H . MARSHALL Captain M a r s h a l l s u p e r i n t e n d e d t h e building of many ves
sels , among them the t w o - t h o u s a n d t o n Uni te d S ta te steamer s .
Steamer Uni ted S ta tes
e The Clipper S hip Gr a t R epu bli c , the largest merchant ship of her time
NATHANIEL B . PALMER Captain Palmer com m a n d e d t h e fine st clippers in the fleet of
A . A . L o w a n d
Brothers , New York merchants engaged in
the China trade . When t h e s e m e r c h a n t s b o u g h t D o n a l d ’ McK ay s G r e a t R epu b li c he was retained as t e c h n i c a l consultant to supervise her re
building . H EV E N hundred miles southeast of Cape orn , on the
fringe of the Antarctic Continent , is a vast area L designated on charts of the world as Palmer and , a tribute to the young shipmaster who first sighted this strip of coastline and then went on to become one of ’ America s outstanding clipper and p acket skippers .
- Captain Nathaniel B . Palmer , master of the forty ton
e r sloop H o , was still in his twenties when he discovered G Palmer Land while on a sealing voyage . oing into mer
chant shipping , Captain Palmer sailed many times across the P acific and in 1 883 was placed in command of an
American packet .
Later he m ade voyages to the Orient and became asso
ci ated with the important China merchant , A. A. Low , whose vessels he commanded and helped to construct . The
B . reputation of N. Palmer as a technical consultant was so highly regarded that he was retained to sup ervise the ’ rebuilding of D onald McKay s Gr ea t R epu bli c after that vessel burned in 1 853.
Palmer ’s versatility ranged from exploration and trading to yachting and ship designing . H e owned a s fifte en many as yachts , among them the schooner Ju li e t,
. W which he had designed himself Captain illiam Clark , in “ ” his book The Clipper S hip Era , states that Palmer was k l a man of rugged appearance and a s illfu yachtsm an , fi excellent shot and truthful she rman .
m e r
1 7 99- 1 8 77 Adr i a The Collins l iner ti c, one of the most successful wooden p addlers on the Atlantic
W R N ED A D K . COLLI S In 1 847 he established the steamship company whose purpose was to secure for the U nited S tates the supremacy
of the Western Ocean .
JOH N ERICSSON S ome of the great est changes that have come about in the propulsion of ships can be t r a c e d t o t h e genius of this i n v e n t o r a n d e n i n g e er .
’ The Momtor which , E ricsson designed for the U nion
— 82 OME of the greatest changes that have come about in the propulsion of ships can be traced to the genius
of John Ericsson , inventor and engineer , who con
ce i ve d and pu t into practical use the forerunner of the
- present day screw propeller .
We rml and S 1 8 03 J Born in , weden , in , ohn E ricsson went to England as a young man and made important
experiments on the Thames . Coming to the U nited States in 1 839 he was engaged to cons truct a screw ship for the
D elaware and Raritan Canal . The vessel came from Liverpool to New York under sail carrying her own
he machinery and was outfitte d after her arrival . S was named the New Jers ey and was operated on the Delaware
for a quarter of a century .
During 1 841 Ericsson furnished designs for the screw
n c n fir warship Pr i e to , the st vessel to h ave her propelling
machinery below the waterline , out of reach of hostile
shot . This design led to the reconstruction of the navies
of the world .
U pon launching of the Confederate vessel , the iron
clad Mer rima c, Ericsson again made history by designing
n i t r the famous Mo o for the U nion . This vessel , l aunched
in one hundred days , went out to engage the Mer rima c
and thus save U nion shipping .
i cdd o n
1 803- 1 8 8 9 N R E R ES CAPTAI OB RT B . F O B A pioneer in the imp rovement of American Ship
Construction .
— 84
MATT H EW F ONTAINE MAURY
F rom data compiled from his celebrated Wind and Current
Charts , Maury published his k great boo , which brought “ him world renown , The Physical G eography of the ”
S e a . M F M T the age of nineteen , atthew ontaine aury
entered the U nited S tates Navy as a midshipm an .
H e made his fir s t voyage in the frigate B r andy
win e , on which G eneral Lafayette was returning to F rance .
During this passage Maury was struck by his ina de l quate knowledge of mathematics . H e reso ved to gain
knowledge which would prove helpful to men of the sea .
To accomplish this , Maury commenced a thorough
study of his profession , becoming an authority on meteor
ology and hydrography . H i s celebrated wind and current charts were soon recogni z ed as being responsibl e for m any fast p assages and , in addition , they increased the safety of navigation . F rom this work came the book that gave him worl d renown : Physical Geography of the
S e a .
It was Maury who fir st suggested to Cyrus F ield the
— feasibility of a Trans Atlantic cable . When laying of the
cable was approved , Maury m apped the route over which
it was placed .
1 806- 1 8 73
The Cha ll eng e built by William H . Webb and Com man de d by Captain Waterman on her initial run
from New York to S an F rancisco .
CAPTAIN ROBERT WATERMAN
Capt . Waterman gain e d fame for his r e mark abl y fast p assages in the Na tchez and later in the fast tea
clipper S ea Wi tch. In 1 8 51 he took the new clipper Cha ll en g e from New York to S an
F rancisco . an exceptionally capable navigator , received his
ining in the ships of the Black Ball Line . At the age of twenty - one Waterman was fir st mate on r ni a the B i ta n , under the veteran master Charles H . - Marshall , and in 1 833, when only twenty four years of fin age , he was given command of the e , fast , S ou th Amer i a c , one of the newest and largest of the Black
B allers , a position demanding the highest grade of sea
manship and unusual business ability .
W O Leaving the estern cean , Waterman gained fame
in the China trade with the Na tchez . The owners of the Na tchez were so favorably impressed by the ability of their young captain that they built the tea clipper S e a
Wi tch for him in 1 846. During the three years that he Wi tch commanded the S ea , Captain Waterman added to his list of notable achievements by making many fast
passages between New York and China .
With the discovery of gol d in California and the
resulting demand for fast voyages around the H orn , the noted shipbuilder William Webb launched the Cha ll eng e
in 1 851 , hoping to lower the record of the F lyi ng Cl ou d “ ” on the run to the Golden Gate . Driving B ob was a p pointed master and amid much fanfare the vessel cleared
port ; but the record was not broken .
1 853 ha ll en e In , however , the C g sailed from Canton , 1 China , to D eal , England , in 05 days , beating by a day the
best previous record , held by the English Clipper s l Chr y o i te .
Retiring from active sea duty , Capt . Waterman accepted the Post of Port Warden and Inspector of H ulls S an F - in rancisco , a berth he held for twenty eight years .
1 808 -1 884 R ed Ja ck e t k The , designed by S amuel Poo ,
of B oston .
CAPTAIN AS A ELDRIDGE S ailing from New York 1 54 in January of 8 , Cap tain Eldridge drove the R ed Ja ck e t through sleet and snow to a record of thirteen days and one hour from S andy H ook to
Liverpool .
u r r i s e The California Clipper S p , one of the most
successful clipper ships ever constructed .
CAPTAIN P H ILIP D U MARES ! Captain Dumaresq drove the Clipper S u r pri s e to a new record of ninety - six days from S andy H ook to S a n F rancisco H eads in 1 i 1 8 5 , reef ng topsails but twice over the mile
course . MON G the most famous names in early American
shipping is that of Philip Dumaresq , who descended
from a long line of merchant officer s . D umaresq went on a China voyage to improve his health and soon was pl aced in command of Yankee clipper ships .
H e received his fir st command at twenty -two in the employ of Russell and Company , China merchants . Through the years that followed he was known for his expert navigation and his quiet , effective discipline .
One of his m any dramatic arrivals in port occurred at S an F rancisco during the clipper era when heavy wagers were placed on the sailing time of ships between
S andy H ook and Golden G ate . It was the custom to crack on sail from anchor to anchor so that skippers might earn the three thousand dollar bonus that came with making the Cape Horn voyage in under one hundred days .
Captain D umaresq commanded the clipper ship S ur
i e pr s , due to arrive that morning or her back ers woul d lose twenty thousand dollars . S an F rancisco B ay was blanketed in fog ; the ship app arentl y had not reached
port . Money was about to change hands when the re S u r ri s e port came that the p was at anchor off the city . l Captain Dumaresq had bo dly entered port , onl y ninety
six days from New York .
At fift - the age of y two , Captain Dumaresq was lost m w Y r at sea while on a ship bound fro B oston to Ne o k .
m u r a l s! 1 809- 1 861 DONALD M CKAY The most famous of America ’ s great build ers of Clipper S hips launched sixteen of the fin e st and swiftest of them from his yards in E ast B oston between the years 1 8 50 and
1 8 53.
The Li g htning holds the day ’s run record for sailing ships , 436 nautical miles
in 24hours .
J OH N ROAC H K n o w n a s t h e “ father of iron - ship b u i l d i n g ” i n t h e U nited S tates , he began his career as a foundry worker and attained a posi tion of world r e
nown .
- U . S . S . D ol hin The famous dispatch boat p , one of the one hundred and twenty - six vessels launched by J n R 1 8 72 1 oh oach between and 886. N OWN as the father of iron shipbuilding in the
U nited S tates , John Roach stands as one of the earliest champions for a great modern U nited
S tates Merchant Marine .
Roach began to learn the moulder ’ s trade soon after H e a d arriving in this country at the age of sixteen . v ance d to own his own works and eventually became a successful builder of great iron ships . In these days of A daring enterprise , when so many merican fortunes were made , Roach acquired and lost huge sums of money , but after each reversal he managed to return with greater strength .
H e m aintained his faith in American shipping and launched one hundred and twenty- six vessels between 1 872 and 1 886, among them the dispatch boat D olphin , the steam frigate Nas haminy and the steamboats B ri s tol and Pr ov
i den ce .
Roach bought many shares in the vessel s he built
and obtained interests in a n umber of steamship lines . H e envisioned the building of twenty l arge Trans -Atlan tic liners which were to have been ope rated in conj unction a with ll American continental trunk l ines . Al though the
plan received Presidential approval , his vision was not
realized . A A
1 81 3- 1 88 7 ADM IRAL DAVID D IX ON PORTER
In 1 849, D avid D .
Porter , who later gained renown in the taking of N e w O r l e a n 5 during the Civil
War , brought the merchant steam e r P an a ma from New York to S an F rancisco .
’ F l Porter s agship the U . S . S . B l ack Hawk
1 00
CAPTAIN P J . CRESSY
F l i n Cl d The y g ou , Captain Cressy , m ade the p assage from New York to S an F rancisco in eighty- nine - days and twenty one hours . A RLY enthusiasm for the sea and ships impelled Josiah Perkins Cressy to sail out of Marblehead in a thirteen - foot dory when a boy to meet the home
coming Indiamen and talk with their office r s and crews .
When he left for sea it was to g o to the east , sailing
in Chin a clippers , those intrepid Yankee vessels which captured the Oriental trade for America . Because of his
fast p assages , Captain Cressy was chosen to command ’ F l i n l ou d . D onald McKay s greyhound , the clipper y g C
- At the age of thirty seven , after fourteen years as a ship 1 51 master , he took over the vessel and cleared in her in 8
- - to make a record passage of eighty nine days , twenty one an F hours from New York to S rancisco . During the
voyage , three spars were carried away and while thrash ing to the westward around Cape H orn the F lyi ng Cl ou d ’ made a day s run of three hundred and seventy- four
miles , which was in excess of the best speed attained by
any craft up to that time .
’ Captain Cr e s sy s passage was to be equalled only Cl d twice ; once by himself in the ou , and again , years M - later , by the ystic built medium clipper Andr ew Ja cks on . On fiv e voyages out to S an F rancisco the F lyi n g C lou d established records which made her the fastest sailing ship the world has ever seen . A great deal of the credit was due to Captain Cressy . 1 1 849 The Port of S an F rancisco , June ,
G The first clipper to p ass through the G olden ate , ” 1 Memn on and the only one before 850 , was the , “ S . states Arthur H . Clark in The Clipper hip Era
S he was commanded by Captain Joseph R . G ordon .
T wo Years Before the Mast
A R’ rfona/ Narrative
RIC H ARD H ENRY D ANA R , J.
BOST ON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
¢ bt B ihcrsibcBrass Cambtibgc LT H OU G H he h ad a strong urge to follow the sea ,
his father , an eminent poet and writer , dissuaded
H Jr . him , and Richard enry D ana , , enrolled at
a v H r a r d U niversity .
A short time later , failing eyesight impelled him to go to sea to regain his health . Thereupon he left college and shipped before the mast in the brig Pi lg r im
for a voyage to the Pacific Coast .
After two years of dr oughi n hides he returned in A the l er t with his health restored .
D ana set down an account of this voyage in Two
Years Before the Mast . This truthful narrative of life aboard ship on the little known West Coast immediately
established his literary career .
D ana returned to H arvard and was graduated . H e became one of the most influenti al lawyers of his day but
his heart never left the sea . H e made many voyages as
’ ” a p assenger and published the S eaman s F riend , which
became a standard on maritime law . During his lifetime he remained interested in the condition of American
seamen .
a n a ,
1 8 1 5- 1 882 The New York Waterfront , South S treet from
Maiden Lane . William H . Webb operated his ship yard in New York City on the E ast River waterfront
from 5th Street to 7th Street .
WILLIAM H . WEBB F rom 1 843 to 1 872 the output of William Webb ’s shipyard was far greater than that of any other in
the Country . To train y o u n g m e n i n Naval Architecture he set aside a p art of his wealth to
found Webb Institute .
The Pacific Mail Steamship Ca lifor ni a
‘ a li rni a F The C fo , Captain Cleveland orbes , was the fir H st U nited S tates S teamer to round the orn .
Built in the New York City shipyard of William H .
Webb , the C a lifor ni a l eft New York in October , 1 848 and arrived at S a n F rancisco on the ninth of 1 4 fir F ebruary , 8 9, the st steamer to p ass through
the G olden G ate . H E firs t side -wheel steamer of the P a cific Mail r i S teamship Company , the C a lif o n a , destined to carry the firs t direc t U nited S tates Mail between New
York and S an F rancisco and then to A storia , Oregon , 1 4 steamed down New York harbor October 6, 8 8 , under the command of Captain Cleveland F orbes . The New York daily press on the following day gives ’ us the only data available regarding the C a liform a s master . Captain F orbes is an able and skillful seaman as well as a true gentleman ; and those who hav e travelled on the Camden and Amboy railroad line canno t fail to remember him as the attentive and urbane commander for m any years of the steamer which forms the connec tion of the line between this city and S outh Amboy . The enterprising owners of the Ca lifor ni a could not have made a better choice .
Another of the p apers i dentifie s the railroad steamer which F orbes had commanded as the Jo hn P o tter and adds that Cleveland F orbes has by his own industry raised himself from an apprentice in a shipyard and then ” a sailor , to the command of a National ship .
Captain F orbes becam e seriously ill on the tr ip and an F completed the voyage to S rancisco as a p assenger ,
Captain Marshall taking command .
F 28 1 49 a li rn i a On ebruary , 8 , the C fo pointed her
bow for the Golden G ate , the entrance to the bay of he - S an F rancisco . S was greeted by a twenty one gun salute from each of the six ships of the U nited S tates P acific l S Nava quadron which were anchored in the bay .
a li or ni a U pon the return of the C f to Panam a , F orbes went back to New York where he was rewarded by the
Comp any for his faithful service .
e ve a n cl P42 5 . fi M The S S . Or eg on , Paci c ail Steamship Company
N E CAPTAI ROBERT H . P ARSON was commander of the r e on O g , the second U nited States steamer to round
H . the orn U nder Captain Pearson , who was ap F r e p ointed Commodore of the leet , the O g on left
New York D ecember 8 , 1 848 , and arrived at S an F rancisco on April 1 , 1 849.
1 12
H ERM AN MELVILLE
F rom his many voyages to distant ports H erman Melville am assed a wealth of sea knowledge and a d venture which has found its r eflec tion in his m any tales of the sea . ’ H N E of America s best known men of letters , erman Melville shipped deep -water for the first time at
the age of eighteen , sailing as a cabin boy across the Atlantic .
F rom this voyage and others to distant ports of the world came his wealth of sea knowledge and adventure which has found its reflection in his many tales of the ” sea . Of these stories , his m asterpiece , Moby Dick , has never been excelled . Moby Dick , an account of a whal ll ing expedition in the D o y , reaches greatness from its strange and mystical picture of the sea .
’ H i s White Jacket , a book drawn from Melville s experiences aboard the frigate Uni ted S ta tes , was so powerful that it was responsible for the abolishment of d ogging in the U nited S tates Navy . Other famous Mel ” “ ” T ee ville tales include yp , Omoo , and Mardi , stories of the S outh S eas . U pon leaving the sea he served for several years with the U nited S tates Customs Otfice in
New York .
r m a n
1 8 1 9- 1 8 91 GEORGE S T EERS G eorge S teers designed Am r a the yacht e i c , the Ar Collins liner cti c , and
the U . S . steam frigate Ni a g ar a .
The Amer i ca winning the Royal Yacht Club Cup at l Cowes , E ng and , in the Match open to Yachts of all l A C asses and Nations ugust 22 , 1 851 . e Clipper S hip D r ea dn ou g ht made the fastest Trans - Atlantic sailing ever recorded
S AMUEL SAMU ELS Captain S amuels s uperi n tended the construction of D r e a dn ou ht the g , famous Re d L Cross ine p acket , and drove her to seventy-fiv e fast
p assages across the Atlantic , L New York to iverp ool . V E N at a time when exceptional careers were S S numerous , the record of Captain amuel amuels stands out in the history of the U nited States Mer
chant Marine . F amous as the master of the celebrated u h packet D r e a dn o g t , in which he made the swiftest Trans
Atlantic sailing passage ever recorded , his early career was fabulous .
Captain S amuels was a cabin boy at eleven , an office r at seventeen and at twenty- one commanded a ves s el in the Mediterranean where he was offered the post of Admiral in the Turkish Navy .
Before New York merchants laid the k eel of th e
r e American packet D a dn oug ht, S amuels was assigned to superintend her construction . H e sailed in this famous
- fi Re d Cross Line ship , m aking seventy v e fast p assages across the North Atlantic , New York to Liverpool . I n thi s vessel he became known as a driver , cracking on sail when other vessels preferred to l i e snug under reefed topsails .
h During the Civil War he commanded the U . S . S . Jo n
e 1 - fi Ri c . In 8 66, when the side W heel steamers of The Pa ci c Mail S teamship Company were opening up steamship trade wi th the Orient , he went out to S an F rancisco as commander of their vessels . Later he served as G eneral
Superintendent of the Company , and did much to help
- fi establish Trans P aci e trade .
a m u e m u e 5
1 823- 1 908 er The N B . P a lm , the famous Californi a and China Clipper commanded by Captain Low
CAPTAIN E w CHARL S P . Lo F rom 1 847 to 1 873 he was in command suc ce s si vel y of the Clipp er
Ships , H ou qu a , Ja co b l mu e l u ss e ll B e l , S a R
N B . a er and . P lm , in the S an F rancisco and
China Trade .
E R M CHARL S H . C A P Among the great ships launched from the ways of William Cramp and S on ’ s S hip and Building Company were the K r oon l an d and F i n
l and , the largest
vessel s of their time .
K r nland The S . S . oo E W H rigorous estern ocean run , that exacting serv ice in which so many of today ’ s merchant officers
have received their training , had its modern b e ginning with the ships launched by Charles H enry Cramp .
It was this di sti ng ui shd shipbuilder and naval architect
- who constructed the Trans Atlantic l iners S t. L oui s and
S t. P au l which in their day were the fine st vessels running
between New York and E uropean ports .
Cramp started work in his father ’s small shipyard
when he was eighteen . B y the time he became president ,
in 1 879, the yard had become one of the most renowned
’ in the world . F rom the ways of William Cramp S on s S hip and E ngine Building Comp any were launched the
r n la n d F i n land K oo and , largest vessels of their time . Among the war vessels which were built there were the
Mai n e . . . New Y k U . . . U S S o r S S , the , and the U . S . S . P enn
s yl v ani a .
5 F rom the time of his retirement , at the age of 7 ,
until his death ten years later , Cramp devoted much of his time to speaking and writing in behalf of a Merchant
Marine which was then on the decline .
a r r a mp
1 828 - 1 91 3 The Honorable WILLIAM PIERCE F RYE U n i t e d S t a t e s S e n a t o r from M aine , William
Pierce F rye , was a life - long adv o cate of a great e r U nited S tates Merchant Marine
Arthur S ewall ’ s last ship the Wi l li a m P . F T y e n a m e d f o r M a i n e s o utstanding fir senator , was the s t vessel sunk by the enemy in World War I.
F our - Master D imig o fir st steel ship built in the U nited S tates
ARTHUR SEWALL Known as the “ Mari time Prince he built , owned and operated more sailing ships than
anyone else in America . the latter half of the Nineteenth Century,
S ewall built, owned and operated more
ships than anyone else in America .
B orn at Bath , Maine , whith under his impetus became
the great American shipyard , Arthur S ewall inherited
his instinct for shipbuilding from his father , who built - 1 2 twenty nine vessels between 8 3 and 1 854. A After a common school education in Bath , rthur was sent to Prince E dward I sland to become familiar with
the cutting of ship timber . H e began his shipbuilding career in 1 8 54 as the U nited States Merchant Marine
z . reached its enith With his elder brother , E dward , he firm E formed the of . and A . S ewall and commenced ’ work in the family yard on the Kennebec . U pon Edward s firm A death the became . S ewall and Company . The H ol he ad 1 1 00 y , of some tons , launched in 1 855, was the firs t of his eighty vessels .
Though vessels utili zing iron , steel and steam , were
driving wooden sailing ships out of competition , the S z ewalls speciali ed in the latter type , doing much to keep
it alive in the period of decline . They generally retained own ership of the ships they built and at one time own ed fl eet - a of more than twenty five ships .
In the decade following the war between the States , the S ewalls turned out a number of celebrated ships , i n n cluding the Un daun te d , E r i c the R ed , C o ti n en ta l and “ H ar v es ter . In the early nineties they buil t their big ” — R a a hann ck hen an d a h u u e h four the pp o , S o , S s q anna and
Roan oke . Averaging more than tons , these were the largest and last of the great American wooden full rigged ships .
The next step was iron . After making a thorough study of the latest methods , he began to build steel sail r ing vessels and in 1 894the steel ship D i i g o was l aunched . H i s l ast ship , launched a month after his death , was the
Wi lli am P . F r e fi y , sunk J anu ar y 2 8 , 1 91 5, the r st Ameri can vessel sunk by the enemy in Worl d Wa r I.
1 835- 1 900 “ MARY PATTEN went to sea as a 1 6 year old bride . In the course of a year she could navigate and work ” - a three skysail ship .
A Whaleback steamer in the G reat Lakes trade
CAPTAIN T H O M AS WILSON Captain Wilson was the founder of the old est cargo V essel com p any operating on the n Great Lakes . O e of his earliest vessels was
a W haleback steamer . OU ND ER of the oldest cargo vessel company operat L ing on the Great akes , Thomas Wilson was born i F 1 . H in ifeshire , S cotland , in 838 s p arents , sensing the Opportunities that existed in the young Republic , emi grated to this country when Thomas Wilson was a lad
fif n . of tee They settled in the Great Lakes region , in what was then regarded as practically a wilderness .
S oon after arriving in this country , ambitious young Wilson sought and found employment on the Lakes in the schooner trade . H i s willingness and capacity for work made rapid advancement possible and in his early twen ties , Thomas Wilson had become master of the Mi n er a l
Rock .
1 3 In 87 , the Captain decided to build his own cargo carrier . It was the first vessel of what later became the
Wilson Transit Company . Through the ensuing years , the fl e et was gradually expanded with the construction fin ll and purchase of other ships , a y reaching a total of eighteen .
1 8 In 86, Captain Wilson ordered the fir st steel freight vessel ever built and put into operation on the
G L . reat akes Ever ready to experiment with new ideas , W one of his earliest vessels was a haleback steamer , named h m Wi ls n in his honor the T o as o .
Captain Wilson died in 1 900 , but the company he built continues in existence and bears his name . H e is one of the early pioneers of that vast and imp ortant com G merce known as the reat Lakes trade .
o m a d
1 838 - 1 900 H e V . The S teamer . K tchum was the largest vessel G L k on the reat a es when she was launched in 1 874.
CAPTAIN Y GEORGE P . M CKA A pioneer in the develop ment of the Great Lakes McK a Trade , Captain y commanded some of the
fine st vessels of his day , and as an officer of the Lake Carriers Association sponsored m any reforms for the be n efit of the
Lakes seamen .
C O NWAY H ALL 16 C RAMP H ALL 8 ER I C S S O N H ALL [ 5 F ORB E S B LD G 2 GIRAR D B L D G 3 HO PKINS BLD G 9 JAMI SON HALL 7 LG FOLLETTE BARRACKSJ‘I LO UIS HO S PI TAL l l MAIN GATE l7 MANLEY B LD G 4 MAURY H ALL l MILL ER B LD G 13 O ‘ B RI EN B L D G 6
RIC E H A L L 0 0 0 0 0 5 Rl ESENB ERG HALL IO TENNIS COURTS 12
MERCHANT MARINE CADET BASIC SCH OOL r e The S . S . P si e d n t H o o v e r , F lagship of The
D ollar Line .
ROBERT D OLLAR In 1 930 Captain D ollar ordered the two p ala tial liners Pr e s i d en t H oov e r and Pr es id en t C ooli dg e and before he died he proudly started them in trade between S an F rancisco and the
Orient .
T h e s t e a m Ne ws bo schooner y , fir s t vessel owned R by obert D ollar .
ANDREW F U RU SET H F ounder of the S eaman ’s U nion N the closing years of the nineteenth century , when violent contentions were heralding the great change
fir s t from sail to steam , the world heard the voice of
F r e h Andrew u us t , raised in protest against the status of the American seaman .
h Pacific F urus et , a Norwegian born sailor , was on the Coast in 1 88 7 after having sailed in the ships of many nations . Discontent with the practices of boarding house masters and crimps brought about the formation of the ’ F r eth P acific Coast S eaman s U nion . u us was elected secretary and rem ained for years in that post , after the ’ organization changed its name to the S ailor s U nion of the Pacific .
On the turbulent S an F rancisco waterfront of the
nineties , men gathered around F ur us eth to back up his ’ “ ” public appeal that the sailor s shackl es be removed , that the man before the mast be freed from “bondage In 1 893 F ur us eth l eft for Washington where he spent most of his remaining years fighting for legislation to better the condition of seamen .
’ Congress l earned of the sailor s plight for the fir s t “ ‘ time and , in 1 904, passed An Act to prohibit shanghai ’ ing in the U nited S tates . Largely through the efforts of Andrew F uru seth this was followed by the La F ol lette ’ “ S eamon s Act of 1 91 5— An Act to promote the welfare of American S eam en in the Merchant Marine of the U nited S tates
1 845- 1 938 GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE
F S 1 20 K W. irst team Turbine , , built by G W eorge estinghouse , 1 8 96
CAPTAIN
WILLIAM D . BURNHAM Captain B u r n h a m spent much of his life on the famed route between S andy H ook and S an F ran H cisco eads .
The Ameri can , cargo vessel of the A m e r i c a n H awaiian Steamship C o m p a n y which Captain B urn ham helped to found . after almost forty years
at sea , Captain William Burnham had made a mark for himself in the Cape H orn trade through which he is remembered today as a dynamic force in
American shipping .
Burnham served fir s t in a clipper ship and spent much of the remainder of his life on the famed route
H an F H between S andy ook and S rancisco eads . In the bark P a cto lu s he made casts off a bank lying to the south
H . west of Cape orn Burnham Bank , as it is now called , is believed to be a sunken volcanic island which was
V r isited by S i F rancis Drake .
After distinguished service in Cape Horn ships , he became Marine S uperintendent of the old California
L - Clipper ine , predecessor of the American H awaiian S teamship Company , which he helped to found and l ater managed .
H e is well remembered for his efforts in establishing a protective trade for American ships and it was his foresight which enabled u s to have twenty - eight fine ves sels ready for immediate service at the outbreak of the first War World .
When the Panama Canal was being constructed Cap tain Burnham was consulted because of his efforts in con ne cti on with a railway across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec M in exico .
u rn ha m
1 847 -1 91 9 The fir st Lu r lin e Captain Matson ’s second - m ship , the 359ton briga r fir s tine Lu lin e , t of three merch ant ships which he
h . named for is daughter WILLIAM MATSON
’ M L m os a O S Co . The Ma p , ceanic teamship , The atson ine
The Intern ational Mercantile Marine S teamship t a u l S . P
J OH N CLARK JAM ISON Trained in the D r ea d n oug ht by S amuel S amuels , he rose to command the fin e st vessels in the U nited S t a t e s M e r c h a n t M arine . HERE may have been larger men on board in
fine r point of stature , but none was or more
respected , or more readily obeyed than the little commodore skipper wearing the noble gold band of his ” J rank . That is the tribute paid to Captain ohn Clark
Jamison by F elix Riesenberg , eminent author , in his “ ” k e boo , Vignettes of the S a . Captain Jamison began his career in the clipper ships , having been discovered by Captain S amuel S amuels , B famed master of the great D r e adn ou g ht . y the time ’ - fif e en Jamison was twenty nine , he had t years experience in sail and had entered the American Line as second
New mate . In 1 893 he was master of the luxury liner Yo r k after that vessel had been transferred to American registry by a special act of Congress .
au l H e then went on to command the S t. P and the
r S t. L oui s , the greatest ships in the U nited States Me chant Marine at the turn of the century . H e remained in u 1 91 command of the S t. L o i s until he retired in 7 . When the G erman liner Va ter lan d was sei zed upon the entrance of the U nited States into World War I Captain Jamison was assigned to command her . H e stayed aboard until the vessel was sent to Newport News for reconditioning as a troop ship . Just as Captain S amuel S amuels fathered Jamison ’ s
advancement , the latter , in turn , took under his tutelage such men as Captain H erbert H artley , commander of
L evi a han H the t ; Captain Thompson . Lyon , marine super i ntendent of the International Mercantile Marine Co . , and ’ Captain George B eckwith , governor of S ailors S nug
H arbor .
m id o n
1 849— 1 928 . M The S hen an doa h built at B ath , aine
by Arthur S ewall .
MU RPH Y CAPT . JAMES F .
I n 1 88 9 Captain Jim Murphy took the S hen a n doa h from S an F rancisco to H avre in one hun
dred and eleven d ays .
La ROBERT MARION LA F OLLETTE , author of the ’ F ollette S e a men s act of 1 91 5, which embodied m any of the principles which Andrew F u r u seth had a d v oca te d for many years y adopted . The act guaranteed many fundamental rights to seamen
and placed the name of Robert M. La F ollette in the distin gui s he d roster of Americans who have contributed to the development of the U nited States Merchant Marine .
G S overnor of Wisconsin , U nited States enator and a F candidate for the Presid ency , Robert M. L ollette , often compared to the immortal Lincoln was born in a log
1 8 Wi scon sm . cabin in 55, at Primrose , Born to the hard labor that went with pioneering , he remained on the farm at Primrose until he worked his way into , and through , the U niversity of Wisconsin .
1 a F b e Admitted to the B ar in 880 , Robert L ollette came district attorney for his home county and then went to Congress where he served in the H ouse of Representa y - ti es from 1 8 85 1 8 91 . In the ten years that elapsed between his retirement from Congress and his inauguration as G overnor of Wis finit consin in 1 90 1 , he elaborated a de e program of reform w “ ” hich became nationally known as the Wisconsin Idea , and which served as a model for liberal legis tion throughout the country . H e was elected to the zn i te d 1 - States S enate in 905 and was thrice r e elected .
H i s speeches were elaborate treatises , and he reveal ed floor on the of the S enate the same qualities of vision , courage , and persistence , that had enabled him to organize and direct his progressive crusade in Wisconsin .
As the years went on a great number of the m easures w hich he advocated were enacted , among them the S e a ’ me s act of 1 91 5 for which Andrew F urus eth had labored so nong .
1 855- 1 925 MA I A effici ent W N L. I THROP RV N , uthor , and advocate for the rehabilitation of the U nited S tates Merchant
Marine .
JAM ES A. F ARRELL
Mr . F arrell operated the Tu si ta la to keep the spirit of sailing d ays alive and to pro vide training for young
men in sail .
The Tu si ta la on a voyage to S outh America ocate of sea training for capable
young men , James Augustine F arrell , outstanding H industrialist , was born in New aven , Connecticut , 1 F ebruary 1 5, 8 63.
H e inherited his love of the sea from his father , a U native of Dublin , I reland , who immigrated to the nited S tates and became a merchant sea captain and ship
owner .
When young F arrell was only fifte en years old his father was lost with his ship in the Caribbean S e a . This forced the son to leave school and he obtained work as a 1 88 k laborer in a wire factory . In 8 he began wor with the Oliver Iron and S teel Company , Pittsburgh , and soon was m ade superintendent , later becoming general
manager .
H e was elected president of the U nited S tates S teel Products Company in 1 903 and within eight years built ’ up a fl e et of steamships to transport the company s prod
ucts throughout the world . Mr . F arrell was elected presi dent of the U nited States Steel Corporation in 1 91 1 and 2 continued in that cap acity until his retirement in 1 93 .
H i s love of the sea , a heritage from his father ,
s i ta la l - prompted him to acquire the Tu , the ast full rigged
1 22 1 935 Mr . F ship engaged in trade . F rom 9 to arrell operated the Tus i ta l a as a private enterprise without any thought of pr ofit but rather for the two - fold purpose of keeping the spirit of the sailing days alive and to pro
vide training for young men in sail .
m e d
1 863- 1 943
1 55 E Y MR. CHARL S F RANKLIN BAILE
H i s continued interest in the U nited States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps is expressed in the awards which he makes annually to outstanding Cadets .
CHARLES A. MCALLISTER L A ate President , merican Bureau of S hipping NT ERNAT IONALLY known as an authority on ship
A. construction and marine engineering , Charles
McAlli ste r was born in D or ce ste r , New Jersey , on
Ma y 29, 1 867 , the son of a S cottish ship carpenter .
After spending his early years at City I sland , New
York , where his father operated a shipyard , he enrolled ra du at at Cornell U niversity to prepare for a sea career , g ing in 1 887 as a mechanical engineer .
H e served as a draftsman in the Cramp Shipyard in Philadelphia and then j oined the Navy department in the same capacity , l ater shifting to the revenue cutter service of the U nited States Coast Guard , where he served for thirty years .
l a d l hi a. H e was assistant engineer on the U . S . S . Phi e p
- during the S panish American War , returning to the Coast
- Guard after the war . In 1 91 9he became vice president of the American Bureau of Shipping and in 1 926 was ele v ate d to the presidency of the B ureau . Through his direction the bureau was brought to its present impor tance and at the time of his death approximately ninety per cent of the vessels eligible for classification in the
U nited S tates were classed with the American S ociety .
In his advocacy of a strong Merchant Marine , Cap tain McAlli ste r m ade frequent appearances before Con gr e s si onal committees in connection with the Jones - White M A 1 2 Merchant arine ct of 9 8 . H i s i nfluence did much to aid in the enactment of the present shipping laws . During 1 929 he served with distinction in London as one of the U nited S tates delegates to the International
Conference for S afety of Life at S e a .
1 8 67 - 1 932
1 59 M IR H N Y W ’ AD L E A. I Y A R LE , U S N ( Ret d ) F ather ‘ of the U nited S tates Merchant Marine Cadet Corps
The S . S . Le vi a than served gloriously as a troop transport during World War I and later entered the
- Trans Atlantic service of the U nited S tates Lines .
F N N PH ILIP A. S . RA KLI U nder his direction the U nited States Lines became the l e a d i n g comp any in the Trans
Atlantic S ervice . the largest American steamship
until 1 936, and then Ch airman of the
A . S . 1 939 P . Board of Directors until his death in , F ranklin was an outstanding leader in shipping affairs for over thirty years . As president of the International Mercantile Marine difficult Company , he steered the concern through the war - l and post war years with notable success . In the ater years of his presidency , he devoted his administrative talents to the elimination of foreign flag tonnage , and the acquisition and development of the U nited S tates Lines . F l Born in Maryland , Mr . ranklin received his ear y
training in Baltimore , where he j oined the staff of the
Atlantic Transport Company as a boy . Coming to New York in 1 90 1 as general manager of the A tlantic Trans
1 902 . A port Company , he became its president in year later he was made vice - president of the newl y formed International Mercantile Marine Company and in 1 91 6
its president .
During World War I Mr . F ranklin placed his wide
knowledge of shipping at the disposal of the G overnment . F irst as a member of the shipping committee of the Coun ci l of National Defense and later as chairman of the
S hipping Control Committee . he was supreme director of the movements of the American ocean cargo tonnage dur ing the crucial days of the War In 1 926 he ordered three turbo - electric liners that
were the largest commercial vessels ever built in America .
e nn lv ani a i r i ni a a li or ni a. These were the P s y , V g , and C f which maintained a fortnightly coast- to - coast service for
the Panama P acific Line . In 1 932 and 1 933 two new vessels were introduced in - - n the Trans Atlantic trade . The to cabin liner
h n 1 2 . h Man a tta was commissioned in August , 93 S e was the largest to be built in an American yard— an outstand
ing example of American shipbuilding . A sister ship , the
Wa s hi n on Ma . g t , made her bow in y of the following year
In J anuar y , 1 936, Mr . F ranklin relinquished the presi
deney of the comp any , and became chairman of the B oard
of Directors . As such he took a keen interest in the build - ing of the ton liner Amer i ca .
1 87 1 - 1 939 1 63 N WILLI M F I H CAPTAI A S ER , JR. S upervising Inspector in the Bureau of Marine In specti on S an F and Navigation , at rancisco , Cali forni a , Captain F isher is a graduate of the New York S tate Nautical S chool and a former commander fine n -P acifi of many vessels in the Tra s c run .
1 64
Ma n ha tan L The S . S . t , U nited S tates ines , one of the great ships which Captain K emp has taken on her
trial run .
CAPTAIN O P H J SE I. KEM P
The n ation ’ s foremost
trial captain , Joseph I.
K emp , has put some e i g h t h u n d r e d n e w s h i p s t h r o u g h t h e i r paces during the past
three decades . ’ I. on s foremost trial captain , Joseph Kemp , some eight hundred new ships through their ’ n e B ring the past three decades . O of oston s most popular masters he is rated by his associates as the
fine st pilot on the Atlantic Coast . Among the ships which Man ha a n he has taken on their trial runs are the liners tt , er ca first - Was hin g ton . and Am i , many line battleships , thirty to forty submarines , some of which he operated fift submerged , about one hundred and y destroyers , and six aircraft carriers . Most recently he has been taking ships from the F ore River Yards of the Bethlehem S teel Comp any at
! uincy , Massachusetts , but during his long career as the nation ’ s outstanding trial captain he has taken out ships from the yards at Newport News , V irginia , Camden , New
J ers e y , and Staten Island , New York . n B orn in N aha t, Massachusetts , he inherited his love for the sea from his father , William Kemp , a captain in M the U nited S tates Merchant arine . H e h as six brothers ; fiv e of them becam e m asters of ships and the sixth a - fiv chief engineer . E ach of his e sisters m arried a sea captain . Joseph Kemp was captain of a sailing yacht for a A B oston merchant while still a boy . t the age of fifteen he entered the U nited S tates Merchant Marine serving in F lorida waters fir st as mate and then as captain aboard
- side wheel steamers . A fiv e F l fter years in orida , he returned to Boston , serving as captain of every one of the Boston Towboat ’ fl e t Company s e from 1 8 92 until 1 90 9. In his l ast com ri n mand , the O o , he had as m ate Captain Lewis Brecken id e r g , later the Commodore of the E astern S teamship
i m e .
Between trial trips , Captain K emp has spent his M time as secretary of the Boston arine S ociety , where he carries on the ancient and honorable traditions of this organi zation which was founded in 1 742 and which is devoted to the interests of office rs in the U nited States M erchant Marine . S . S . D e l br a si l The , entering the harbor of Ri o de Jane i r o
NORMAN O . PEDRICK The successful devel opment of the Missis sippi S teamship Com pany was his proudest
achievement .
CAPTAIN E MERY RICE of the Mon o li a S . S . g
Mon o li' a The S . S . g from whose deck was scored t e fir st hit on a submarine in World War I E M E R R E fire d first Y IC , whose ship the I shot at an enemy submarine in World War , graduated from the Massachusetts Nautical School in 1 897 and started to sea with the International N aviga tion Company .
When the S panish - American War broke out Rice was
Ne w Yor k . H e a quartermaster aboard the S . S . remained with that vessel when she was taken over by the Navy
r r d . F and renamed the U . S . S . H a va rom her bridge he sig nall ed to Admiral S ampson the approach of the Spanish
fleet .
After the war Rice served in the American Line u n til 1 90 1 when he went around Cape H orn to S an F ran
cisco . Three years later he was certified as a master and
n Mon oli a . came to command the Zafir o , the C hi a and the g H i s record in Pa cific waters included the rescue of four
teen fishermen during a typhoon .
In 1 91 6 Captain Rice brought the Mon g oli a around the H orn to enter the hazardous Trans - Atlantic run
carrying munitions . After our entrance into the war the
foll owing year his ship was armed and on April 1 9, 1 91 7 ,
in the English Channel , scored our first hit on a sub R m arine . Captain ice continued to sail his vessel across the submarine - infested waters of the Atlantic making
- eighty two crossings . His untimely death in 1 91 9 cl osed
a brilliant career . The Navy Cross , awarded post h m u l u o s y , is among his decorations , which include medals for service in the S panish - American War and one for dis n i h d l ti gu s e service whi e commanding the Mong oli a . The s c h o o l s h i p
Riesenberg first went to sea as
C adet .
F ELIX RIESENBERG In addition to a Master ’ s License in sail and steam and a Civil Engineering degree from Columbia he was the author of some - fiv twenty e books .
The Ne wpor t Captain Riesen berg ’s sea career was climaxed by f o u r y e a r s i n command of this s ch ool shi p .
f U . S . S . Cimar r on an ar The , launched J u y 7 , 1 939
R E OB RT L . H AGUE H e went to sea as a boy on sailing ship s and rose to become director of the larg est privately owned tanker fleet in the
world . picturesque fig ur e s in the contem porary history of the U nited States Merchant M R L H arine , obert yons ague , went to sea as a boy on sailing ships and climaxed his career when he became director of the largest privately owned tanker
flee t in the world .
His first sea - going experiences were acquired on fish ing schooners off the G rand Banks and later as an a ppren tice on the four -masted bark S u s qu e hann a trading b e tween Philadelphia and Yokohama . After serving as an oiler with the American H awaiian S teamship Company he was brought ashore as assistant superintendent in charge of construction for that company .
During 1 909 he became assistant superintending en gi n e e r for the Standard Oil Company of Californi a and a series of rapid promotions soon m ade him marine super n n i te de nt in charge of operations , repairs , design and ’ firs construction . With America s entry into the t World
War Mr . H , ague was chosen by the U nited S tates Ship ping B oard as its director of construction and rep airs . J 1 92 In uly , 0 , he j oined the S tandard Oil Company of
New Jersey as manager of its marine department .
H - Mr . ague was made a vice president and director of the company on D ecember 31 , 1 937 . In this capacity he signed agreements with the U nited S tates Maritime Com 1 mission on January 3, 938 , whereby his company under took the construction of twelve high speed National
D efense Tankers .
H e was an active fig ure for several years in the L A International ifeboat Racing ssociation , an organiz a
tion that has as its purpose the safety of l ife at sea .
1 880 - 1 939
1 75 Mr . The Tanker S . S . Ma la cca was purchased by
C . D . Mallory in 1 925 and placed in coastwise trade transporting oil from Gulf Coast Ports , and from the Northern Coast of S outh America and the
Netherlands West Indies .
CLI F F ORD D AY MALLORY
One of the most active , and universally respect ed figur e s in American shipping and yachting
circles . B y experience
and tradition , derived in part from a long line o f ship - owning a n d
seafaring ancestry , he had a clear perception of the potential value M of the U . S . erchant
Marine , and l abored hard and with great success to establish its
prestige .
F R H A L ED . HAAG was Director of the Research
Bureau , U . S . Maritime Commission H aag , famed for his contributions to the U nited S tates Merchant
Marine , began at the age of fifteen when he secured
employment with a m arine engineering firm in New York .
b e F rom this humble beginning , H aag went on to come a naval architect , engineer and shipping executive W as well as a teacher and eloquent lecturer . During orld
S . S War I he acted as chief constructor for the U . hipping
F . H e Board , Emergency leet Corporation , at Philadelphia served as marine superintendent for the Atlantic Gulf and Pacific S teamship Corporation during the early twenties and then entered business for himself .
S . S H e was called back to the U . hipping Board in 1 26 M August , 9 , to serve as special expert on the erch ant Marine Planning Committee and the following year was H e named director of the Bureau of Research . remained
1 93 U . S . in this capacity until October , 6, when the M Shipping Board was succeeded by the U . S . aritime
Commission .
Haag ’s role in assembling information and vital statistics l eading to the p assage of the Merchant Marine Ac 1 t of 936 was important . Much of the information on tonnage and effici e ncy that stirred Congress to approve the building of our modern merchant fl e et originated in fie his ot c .
1 884- 1 941 JA MES JONAS MADISON F or exceptionally heroic service as commander of
U . S . S . Ti con d er o a the g , in the Naval Overseas Transport S ervice during World War I Commander M , adison was awarded the Medal of H onor .
The S . S . Pr esiden t Roos e v e lt
CAPTAIN
ROBERT B . MILLER As Chief Office r of the Pr esid en t R oos ev e l t in 1 92 R 6, obert B . Miller commanded the lifeboat which rescued the crew of the British freighter A i n e nt o . M ring and skill of Robert B . iller in the of the entire crew of the British freighter e has been hailed as one of the outstanding examples of heroism in the history of the U nited S tates J 24 1 926 G Merchant Marine . Oh anuary , , Captain eorge F ried of the P res i d e n t R oos e v e lt received a distress signal h from the British freighter An tin o e . S e was found wal lowing in a heavy sea , engine room flooded , rudder dis abled and lifeboats washed away .
A lifeboat under Chief Office r Robert Miller put out from the P r e si d en t R oos e v e l t but the heavy seas capsi zed the boat and all hands were thrown into the water . They all managed to scramble back into the boat only to be spilled again . All but two of the men , who were swept r es id en t R oos e away and lost , were hauled aboard the P v e lt . After several unsuccessful attempts to shoot a line i e F to the An t n o , Captain ried tried towing an unmanned boat astern of the Pr esi d en t R oos ev e lt to the sinking ves sel , but this was unsuccessful .
F inally another lifeboat with Chief Officer Miller again in charge m ade a successful trip to the An ti n o e and removed twelve men . The remaining thirteen men
‘ were removed i n still another attempt with Mr . Miller fic l still in charge . Altogether this most dif u t rescue took - three days , twenty two hours and twenty minutes .
When this country entered World War I Robert M M , iller was a salesman living in Duluth , innesota , where H he was born . e enlisted in the N avy and at the con elusion of the war was a Lieutenant Commander . In 1 921 he entered the service of the U nited States Lines and became Chief Offi cer on the P r es i d en t R o os ev e lt and the r Amer i ca . H i s fist command was the G e or g e Wa s hi n g F r ton . o a short time he was Captain of the R epu bli c 1 1 and when he died in 93 , he was in command of the L Amer i ca n r U nited S tates iner F a mer . Am
1 8 92-1 931 enn The S . S . P s y lv an i a
H R A OLD L . WINSLOW One of the most popu l ar captains in the r e c e n t a n n a l s o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s Me r M chant arine .
R. CADET H OWARD PAYNE CONWAY , J The fir st U nited S tates Merchant Marine Cadet
to offer the supreme s acrifice . er a or H E N the S . S . Li b t was torpedoed and sunk
be Jr . March 1 9, 1 942 , H oward Payne Conway , ,
came the fir s t U nited S tates Merchant Marine
Cadet to lose his life in World War I I .
S ince that time a number of other Cadets h ave gone down with their ships and it is in their memory that this
volume is dedicated . Their courage at sea and their
faithfulness to duty will not g o unsung . They who have had a rende zvous with death are our heroes . Their deeds are the inspiration of the U nited S tates Merchant Marine
Cadet Corps .
Cadet Conway attended Woodbury H igh S chool ,
Orange , V a . , from 1 935 to 1 939. H e was a student at W l il iams College , Williamstown , Mass , for two years , entered the U nited States N aval Academy on F eb r u a r 1 4 1 941 J l 1 4 1 941 y , , and remained there until u y , .
H e then became a Cadet in the U nited S tates Merchant
Marine .
n wa y
1 91 9- 1 942 E - M N T D D W M. H A R CA T I SH IPMA ILLIAM OM S , J .
On M 1 arch 5, 1 943, he was awarded the Mer cha n t “ Mar i n e D i s ti ngui s hed S er vi c e Me da l for his mag nificent courage and disregard of his own safety in l ” saving the ife of his shipmate .
’ Cadet - Midshipman EDW IN J O H ARA made the supreme s acr ifice . The Distinguished S ervice Medal 4 was awarded to him posthumously on March 1 5, 1 9 3. N the performance of an act of heroism under un z - usual ha ards , Cadet Midshipman Edwin Joseph ’ O H a r a made the supreme sacrifice .
H i s name will ever be revered as standing for that which is noblest in the ideals of the U nited S tates Me r ’ chant Marine Cadet Corps . H e went from his father s
ranch at Lindsay , California , to the Cadet B asic S chool an F 1 42 at S rancisco in January , 9 . After completing
preliminary training as an engine Cadet he went to sea .
E arly one morning two enemy surface raiders sud denly appeared out of the morning mist to attack the
small merchantman in which he was serving . H eavy
guns of one raider pounded his ship , and machine gun fir e from the other sprayed her decks for one - half hour ’ ’ O H ar a s at close quarters . The heroic gun crew of ship
exchanged shot for shot W ith the enemy , placing thirty fiv e shells into the water line of one of the raiders until
its crew was forced to abandon their sinking ship . The
gun commander was mortally wounded early in the action , and all of the gun crew were killed or wounded when an A enemy shell exploded the magazine of their gun . t the ’ - explosion , O H ar a ran aft and single handed served and fir e d the damaged gun with fiv e live shel ls remaining in
the ready b ox , scoring direct hits near the water l ine of ’ r a the second raider . O H a was mortally wounded in
this action . With boilers blown up , engines destroyed , z masts shot away , and abla e from stem to st ern , the ’ gallant merchantman finall y went under carrying O H ar a in and several of his fight g shipmates with her .
4 F A On March 1 5, 1 9 3, the ifth nniversary of the
U nited States Merchant Marine Cadet Corps , Cadet ’ Midshipman O H ar a was posthumously awarded the Mer chant Marine Distinguished S ervice Medal by the Presi dent of the U nited States .
1 923- 1 942
A CKNOWLED G MENT
In compiling the notes and in securing the portraits and prints for these sketches use was made freely of all available literature pertaining to the history of the U nited S M M . tates erchant arine We acknowledge the assistance , among others , of the reference staff of the New York Pub lic Library and of the facilities of its print room and picture collection ; the library and print collection of the New York H istorical S ociety ; the research assistance given by the B ostonian S ociety , Boston , Mass . ; the American
Antiquarian S ociety of S alem , Mass . ; The U rsulines , New
Orleans , Louisiana ; American Bureau of S hipping , New
York , New York ; The Marine H istorical Association ,
Mystic , Connecticut ; Public Relations Dep artment of the U nited States Lines ; E ast India Marine H all ; Peabody ’ Museum , S alem , Mass . ; S ailors S nug H arbor , S taten
Island , New York ; Library of U nited States Naval A M Academy , nnapolis , aryland ; State S treet Trust Com L S pany , B oston , Mass . ; California S tate ibrary , acra mento , California . R r . D U S N Lieutenant (jg ) Leo B . Guelpa , J , , conducted the research for , and compiled and edited this volume . H i s work is hereby acknowledged . S U G G E S T ED RE AD I N G S ON T H E H I S T ORY OF T H E U NI T E D S T AT E S ME RCH ANT MA RI N E
The foll owing books , sel ected from the many sources which have been used in compiling these pages , are recommended to those who wish to learn more about fi r these great g u e s of the U nited States Merchant Marine .
Ame ri can Mer chan Mar i n e . W L . M The inthrop arvin , t ( Its H istory and Romance from 1 620 to 1 90 2 ) ’
1 2 . New York : Charles S cribner s Sons , 90
The tor o the Am eri can Mer chan t John R. S pears , S y f
Mari n e . 1 New York : The Macmillan Company , 1 9 9.
T M r m H i s t r o Ma ss a chu S amuel E . Morison , he a i ti e o y f - s e tts . 1 783 1 8 60 .
Boston and New York : H oughton Mitfli n Co . , 1 921 .
Workers of the Writers Program of the WPA of the City A Mari ime H i s r of New York ( compiled by ) , t to y k of New Yor .
Y . 1 41 G arden City , N. : D oubl eday D oran , 9 .
The i s e Ne w Yor k or t. Robert G . Albion , R of P ’
1 939. New York : Charl es S cribner s S ons ,
A en tur Atlan ti c Tr a v e l . F rank B owen , C y of
1 930 . Boston , Mass . : Little , Brown Comp any ,
Jr . G olden Ga te . F elix Riesenberg , , 4 1 9 0 . New York and London : A. Knopf ,
i A W G old Rus h S teamer s o the P a c fic. E rnest bram iltsee , f
1 8 . California : S tanford U niversity Press , 93
- 9 The li er S hi E r a 1 843 1 86 . Arthur H . Cl ark , C pp p : ’
1 91 1 . New York : G . P . Putnam s S ons ,
1 96
F R Y n r . a ke e ki er s t elix iesenberg , J , S pp o the R es cu e . : D dd M New York o , ead and Comp any , 1 940 .
R Vo a es o a Mer cha ichard Cleveland , y g f n t Na vig a tor . H New York : arper and B rothers , 1 88 6.
M r J B . ames Connolly , a s ter Ma i n er , Life and V oyages of
Amasa D el ano . G 1 arden City , N Y . : D oubled ay D oran , 943.
Au o i r Elij ah Cobb , t b og ap hy . H . : New aven , Conn Yale U niversity Press , 1 925.
oor Jo hn F i tch Thomas Boyd , P , Inventor of the S teamboat . ’
: G . P . New York Putnam s S ons , 1 935.
D . John ev en Archibald Turnbull , S t s , An American
Record .
k : D A New Yor . ppleton Comp any , 1 928 .
J n B . McMaste r Lif e and Times o S te hen Gi r ar d oh , f p , M r n Ma s er a i er <6: t .
Philadelphia , Pennsylvania : J. B . Lippincott , 1 91 8 .
J B . a ames Connolly , C n ton Cap tai n , Life of Rober t B . F or bes . G arden City , New York : D oubleday D oran , 1 942 .
Charles Le e Lewis , Ma tthew F on tai n e Mau r y , The Path find r e of the S eas . 2 Annapolis , Maryland : U . S . Naval Institute , 1 9 7 .
“ Lt . Comdr . P . V . H . Weems , U . S . N. Captain F ” Thom as H ubbard S umner of S umner Line ame , n d a v In s i u e r ce edi n s l U i te S ta tes N a l t t t P o g , V o .
64, No .
Annapolis , Maryland : U . S . Naval Institute , 1 938 .
1 98 er Raymond M. Weaver , H man Me lvi ll e , Mariner and
Mystic .
D . New York : George Doran Company , 1 921
i n Na ha r n er . a a ni lm John R Spears , C pt t el B ow P a .
New York : The Macmillan Company , 1 922 .
Richard Mc Kay , S ome F amou s S a iling S hips T hei r B ui ld er : n D o a ld McK a y . ’
: G . P . 1 . New York Putnam s S ons , 928
H e a ll hi e e l . M W. w ark ennessy , S S ps of S t M 1 Augusta , aine : K ennebec Journal Press , 937 .
F elix Riesenberg , Li vi n g Ag ai n .
G arden City , N. Y . : Doubleday D oran , 1 937 .
h a i n Capt . S amuel S amuels F r om the F or e cas tl e to t e C b . M , Being the emoirs of Capt . S amuel S amuels of the
F amous Packet Ship D r e adn ou ght .
M . E r 1 924 Boston , ass : Charles . Lau i at Comp any , .
H Life G e or e Wes tin hous e . enry Prout , of g g ’ 2 New York : S cribner s S ons . 1 9 2 .
r r George Coggeshall , H i s to y of the Ame i can Pr i v a teer s .
New York : B y and for the Author , 1 856.
r Edgar S tanton Maclay , A H i s tor y ofAmeri can P i va teers . 1 New York : D . Appleton Company , 924.
G A v l H r o the Ameri can ardner Weld Allen , Na a is to y f e v lu R o ti on . i n 1 1 B oston and New York , H oughton Mitfl , 9 3.
1 99 M H M U . S . E RC A NT ARI N E A C AD E MY PAGE
1 . B arry Hall D ormitory John B arry ( 1 739- 1 803)
Bowditch H all Academic Building Nathaniel B owditch ( 1 773-1 838 )
Bradford Pier G amaliel B radford ( 1 7 63- 1 824)
Carpenter Building V isual S ignaling Benj amin Carpenter ( 1 751- 1 823)
Cleveland H all D ormitory 1 - 1 Richard J. Cleveland ( 7 73 8 60 )
Collins Road 1 8 2- 1 8 8 E dward K . Collins ( 0 7 )
Cressy Building 1 1 4- 1 1 Josiah P . Cressy ( 8 87 )
Cr owni nshi el d Boat S hed Jacob Crowni nshi el d ( 1 770 - 1 808 )
D ale Building Pol aroid Training Richard D ale ( 1 7 56 1 826)
Office 1 0 . D ana Building Printing Plant Polaris r 1 1 - 1 82 Richard H . D ana , J . ( 8 5 8 )
’ Office s 1 1 . D ecatur Bldg . Naval S cience Instructors
- r . 1 2 1 8 8 S tephen Decatur , S ( 75 0 )
M l 1 2 . Delano H all . Cadet ess H al Amasa D elano ( 1 763 1 823)
1 3. D erby Building 1 39- 1 99 E lias H . Derby ( 7 7 )
l 1 4. D evereux Bui ding James D evereux ( 1 7 66- 1 846)
— 200
PAGE
2 9. Marshall Pool H - Charles . Marshall ( 1 792 1 8 65)
30 . Marvin Road
- Winthrop L . Marvin ( 1 8 63 1 926)
31 . Melville H all E ducational U nit H erman Melville ( 1 8 1 91 891 ) M 32 . urphy H all D ormitory - James F . Murphy ( 1 8 50 1 921 )
A l 33. Mc l i ste r Road - Charles A. McAlli ste r ( 1 87 6 1 932 ) o 34. McKay H all Administrati n Building D onald McK ay ( 1 81 0 1 880 ) 1
’ l H 35. O H ara H all Dril all G ymnasium ’H 1 923 1 942 E dwin J. O ara ( )
36. Palmer H all D ormitory 1 9 1 8 Nathaniel B . Palmer ( 7 9 77 )
H l 37 . Patten ospita 1 - 1 61 Mary A. Patten ( 837 8 )
38 . Randall B arracks 1 50 — 1 8 0 1 Robert R . Randall ( 7 )
39. Reid Pier 1 8 - 1 861 S amuel C . Reid ( 7 3 )
40 . Roach Pier John Roach ( 1 8 1 3- 1 887 )
H 41 . Rogers all D ormitory Moses Rogers ( 1 7 791 821 )
H l S 42 . S amuels a l eamanship Navigation S amuel S amuel s ( 1 823- 1 90 8 )
R 43. S ewall oad Arthur S ewall ( 1 835- 1 900 ) PAGE
R 44. S teers oad G eorge Steers ( 1 820 - 1 856) H 45. S tevens all John S tevens ( 1 7 49- 1 838 )
46. S turgis Road William S turgis ( 1 7 82- 1 8 63)
H 47 . S uter ouse John S uter ( 1 78 1 - 1 852 )
R 48 . Wiley oad - 1 4 H enry A. Wiley ( 1 8 67 9 3)
R 49. Winslow oad 1 9 - 1 938 H arold L . Winslow ( 8 3 )
50 . Wooster Building 1 80 - 1 4 Charles W. Wooster ( 7 8 8 )
T RAI NI N G V E S S ELS
E mer Ri ce 51 . T . V . y Emery Rice ( 1 87 8 - 1 91 9)
Wi lli am We bb T . V . 52 . William Webb ( 1 8 1 6- 1 899)
T e l i e en r 53. . V . F i x R s be g F elix Riesenberg ( 1 87 9- 1 939)
f T . . Ro ber t F or bes 54. V B F 1 4- 1 88 Robert . orbes ( 80 9) M R H M R C AD T B A S IC S CH OOL U . S . E C AN T A I N E E
AN F R I S MATEO , CALI O N A PAGE
1 . B arney R oad Joshua B arney ( 1 7 59- 1 8 1 8 )
A 2 . Burnh am H all dministration
1 4 - 1 1 9 William D . Burnham ( 8 7 9 )
3. Cobb Road E lij ah Cobb ( 1 77 0 - 1 8 51 )
R 4. Coggeshall oad G eorge Coggeshall ( 1 784- 1 8 61 )
5. Decatur Pier
- r . 1 52 1 8 8 S tephen Decatur , S ( 7 0 )
6. D ollar Road Robert D ollar ( 1 844- 1 932)
F 7 . F isher F ield Athletic Drill ield
F r . 1 8 3 William isher , J ( 7
F H 8 . orbes ospital Cleveland F orbes
9. F rye Road
- William P . F rye ( 1 831 1 91 1 )
l 1 0 . G ordon H a l D ormitory Classrooms
Joseph R . G ordon
1 1 . Gray H all D ormitory Classrooms Robert Gray ( 1 755- 1 806)
1 2 . H aag H all D rill H all ! Auditorium
- Al fred H . H aag ( 1 8841 941 ) 204
MER H A U. S . C N T MARI N E CA D E T B A SIC S CH OOL
P ASS CHRISTIAN , MISSISSIPPI PAGE
1 . Bailey Road F Charles . B ailey ( 1 8 63
2 . Conway H all D rill H all Gymnasium
H - oward P . Conway , Jr . ( 1 91 91 942 )
3. Cramp Building
- Charles H . Cramp ( 1 828 1 91 3)
E ricsson H all E ngineering B uilding John E ricsson ( 1 803- 1 889)
5. F orbes B uilding
- Robert B . F orbes ( 1 8041 889)
6. G irard Building S tephen Girard ( 1 750 - 1 831 )
7 . H opkins Building E sek H opkins ( 1 7 1 8 - 1 802 )
8 . Jamison H all D ormitory 28 John C . Jamison ( 1 8491 9 )
9. La F ollette B arracks
- 1 2 F r . 1 8 55 9 5 Robert M. La ollette , S ( )
L H l 1 0 . ouis ospita Jean Louis ( 1 690 - 1 736)
McKay Road
1 - 1 91 George P . McK ay ( 8 38 8 )
1 2 . Manley Building John Manley ( 1 734- 1 7 93)
20 6 PAGE
M l A ffice s M H 13. aury Ha l dministrative O ess all
- Matthew F . Maury ( 1 80 6 1 873)
‘ ’ fli e r 1 4. Miller B uilding O c s Clu b Robert Miller ( 1 892- 1 931 )
’ B r n 1 5. O i e Building S eamanship ’ Richard O B ri e n ( 1 758 - 1 8 24)
1 6. Pedrick Road
- 4 Norman 0 . Pedrick ( 1 875 1 9 2 )
1 7 . Preble Pier Edward Preble ( 1 7 61 - 1 8 07 )
1 8 . Rice H all D ormitory Emery Rice ( 1 8 78 — 1 91 9)
H 1 9. Riesenberg all F elix Riesenberg ( 1 87 9- 1 939)
20 . S ilsbee Road N athaniel S ilsbee ( 1 773- 1 850 )
21 . T r u x tun Road Thomas T r ux tun ( 1 7 55- 1 822)
F F 22 . Webb ield Drill Athletic ield 1 William H . Webb ( 1 8 1 6 899)
TRAI NI N G V E S S ELS
r Wa er m an 23. T . V . R o be t t
- 1 Robert H . Waterman ( 1 808 88 4)
mu e l amu els 4 T . V . a 2 . S S
S amuel S amuels ( 1 823- 1 908 )
25. T . V . Alfr ed H a ag
- Alfred H . H aag ( 1 8841 941 )
20 7
Ind e x
fi M l n tin en ta l 1 27 C a l i f o r n i a , Paci c ai C o ,
1 1 0 1 1 1 H P . 1 86 1 87 S teamship , 1 09, , ; Conway , oward , , 1 63 U 1 59 Panama P a cific Line , Cornell niversity , 1 67 Camden , N. J. , Council of N ational Defense , 1 1 23 33 35 1 63 Canton , China , , , , , 67 68 69 91 1 1 6 45, 61 , 66, , , , Cowes , England ,
43 45 H . 1 22 1 23 Cape of G ood H ope , , , Cramp , Charles , , ; 1 66 S ’ S 53, 59, 6 , William and on s hip
23 45 95 1 03 Co . Cape H orn , , , , , and E ngine Building ,
1 43 1 22 , 1 23 bl e 31 Cr oya , privateer , Cape May , 63 1 03 P . 1 02 28 29 Cressy , Josiah , , Carpenter , Benj amin , , Crowni nshi eld G 53 C ar olin e 69 , eorge , ; , J 52 53 1 9 acob , , C e les ti a l , 0 a 31 1 1 09 Cub , C ha lleng e , 90 , 9 , Cumber la n d 7 3 , Charity H ospital 2 , , H S l 58 Char lo tte 1 73 Custom ouse , a em , , 1 21 1 1 Cutler , Carl , a . 0 Chester , P , mar r’ on 1 74 U . S . S . Ci , D Ci n cinn a tus , 41
Y . 1 59 R 36 N. 37 City I sland , , D ale , John , ; ichard , , 9 1 0 4 A H . 7 r . 37 Clark , rthur , , , 37 ; Richard , J , 1 6 1 1 21 H . Jr . 0 05, D ana , Richard , , ,
Cl er mon t, 48 , 49, 62, 63 1 0 7 G 51 hin 9 Cleveland , eorge , D aup , 3 1 Cleveland , Pres . G rover , 6 D a vid B r own , 1 49 6 r r 4 Cleveland , Richard J. , 59, 0 , D a vid P o te , 7 , 75 61 91 D eal , England ,
l . Co . 1 33 r . 30 31 Cleve and Trans , D ecatur , Stephen , J , , , 1 31 Co . . 30 Clyd e Steamship , 77 43 ; S tephen , Sr , , ; 4 1 Cobb , Elij ah , 5 , 55 James , 31 ; John , 3
Coggeshall , G eorge , 74, 75 D e lawar e , 31 1 2 e r si l 1 Collect Pond , New York . S . S . D lb a , 68 4 A K 1 44 5 F . . Collins , E dward . , 80 , 8 D el ano , Amasa , , ; ,
Collins Line , 8 1 , 93 1 05 l mbi a C o u 1 4 1 2 . 1 69 , , 5, 3 , 33 D elta Shipbuilding Co , l Co umbia River , 32 , 33 Derby , Charles , 59; E lias H . , 1 . 2 1 Columbia U niv , 7 , 1 73 8 , 9, 29, 53, 6 C ome t 31 1 1 , ; clipper . 0 9 D evereux . James , 50 , 5
S . . n r e U . S C o ss D i r i 1 g , 35 g o , 26, 1 27 ’
U . C ons te ll a ti n R 1 1 o , 34, 35, D ollar , obert , 36, 37 fifi D ll 1 1 o y , 5
U . . . on . . D ol hin S C s ti tu ti on . S , 42 , 43 U S S p , 98 , 99 In d ex
J 1 59 1 83 D o r ce s te r , New ersey , F ried , G eorge , 8 1 93 h 1 Dramatic Line , , F r i t jof , 73 1 43 i r F G e n . J D rake , S rancis , F rye , oseph , u h 1 1 1 1 9 1 46 1 24 1 25 D r e a dn o g t , 8 , , , William P . , , R 48 49 1 47 F ulton , obert , , 1 55 h 1 38 Dublin , Ireland , F u r us e t , Andrew , , 94 95 Dumaresq , Philip , , 1 50 , 1 51 4 4 Duxbury Mass . , 4 , 5 , G S h L 1 67 E astern teams ip ine , G an der D e a l , 1 85 E dwa r d 1 7 , G an g es , 37 92 93 Eldridge , Asa , , G en er a l Arms tr ong , 72 , 73 Eli za 22 23 51 69 M n k 40 , , , , G en er a l o ,
F Cor . 1 79 Emergency leet p , G en er a l T ayl or , 1 33 E r i c the R ed 1 27 n n 1 83 , G eor g e Wa s hi g to , J 82 83 1 Ericsson , ohn , , G e orgi a , 1 0 43 E s s e x U . S . F 1 1 , rigate , , Gibraltar , 47 , 75 E u r o e 77 1 0 5 2 p , , G irard College , 7 26 27 Girard , Stephen , ,
G ood F r i ends , 26 r Amer i an 31 1 9 F a i c , G ood Neighbor policy , 6 1 F alkirk , S cotland , 37 G la sg ow , 5 4 F almouth , Maine , 3 G o ld en Ci ty , 1 1 3 nn 1 1 1 1 1 49 F a y , 5 G olden G ate , 9 , 95, 0 , 1 1 1 4 1 F arragut , Adm . D avid , 0 G ordon , Joseph R . , 0 , 05
F A. 1 54 1 55 r n d T k arrell , James , , G a ur , 8 , 9 F H 2 r n cu ayal arbor , 8 , 73 G a i s , 75 F 8 7 R 1 32 33 ield , Cyrus , Gray , obert , 5, , ; F S 1 1 ifeshire , cotland , 3 William , 29 l . F i n and 1 22 1 2 2 S S . , , 3 G reat Lakes , 1 30 , 1 31 , 1 3 , F isher , William , Jr . , 1 64, 1 65 1 33 F J 1 2 1 21 itch , ohn , , 3, G reat Neck . L . I. , N. Y . , 1 1 7 ’ F 1 2 r ea t R e u bli c itch s steamboat , G p , 78 , 79 F 1 67 lorida , G urney Smith , 31 F l in Cl d 91 97 1 2 1 u Ma nn er n y g ou , , , 0 , 03 G y i g 7 1 09 F 1 1 orbes , Cleveland , 0 , 1 1 1 “ F ’ ” H orbes Rig , 85 F R 4 ' B . 8 8 5 H orbes , obert , , aag , Alfred H . , 1 78 , 1 79 F R 1 67 H ore iver Yards , ackett , William , 1 0 , 1 1 F ox 7 H a u e , frigate , g , frigate , 7 F r ankli n 50 51 H R , , ague , obert L . , 1 7 4, 1 7 5 F 41 H an cock ranklin , Benj amin , , schooner , 7 F l P . A 1 . . S . 2 1 . . H a r r rank in , , 6 , 63 U S S v a d , 1 7 1
- 21 1 I n d e x
1 0 7 Jer s e 43 H arvard U niversity , y , r 1 2 Jeun e B a be 27 H a r v es te , 7 , 1 8 1 9 37 61 1 48 1 49 Jones John Paul , , , H avre , F rance , , , , J - M h 4 9 1 45 1 65. o n e s W h i t e e r c a n t H awaii , 5, 6 , ,
M Act 1 928 , 1 59 H az a r d , 23 arine of John Ri ce 1 1 9 U . S . S . I. . Y. 35 , H empstead , L . , N , r 1 r Jo hn P o tte , 1 1 H en y , 53 e Ju li e t 79 H er cu l s , 28 , 29 , H er o 79 , K 21 H oboken New Jersey , , 1 Kemp Joseph I 1 66, 67 H ol he ad 1 27 , y , J 1 4 1 4 33 4 41 K endrick , ohn , , , H opkins , E sek , , 5, K r ea 1 5 S . S . o 6 r , H o a ti o , 1 21 K r o on land 1 22 1 23 S . S . H ou ua 1 2 1 21 , , q , 0 ,
H ouse of Representatives , L 53 59 1 51 , , d Wa s hi n on 1 2 33 La y g t , 5, 3 , H udson River , N. Y . , 48 , 49 Lafayette G eneral , 41 H , umphrey , D avid , 39 F ll M. 1 La o ette , Robert , 50 , H d erf -All ’ y y , 40 , 41 1 51 ; S e amen s Act of 1 91 5, 1 39 1 50 1 51 I , , ’ L n . 1 32 Illi n oi s 77 ake Carriers Ass , , , 1 33 Ind e en d en p ce , 35 Lammer’ mu i rf 1 05 In du r , s t y , 47 e Le , schooner 7 International Lifeboat R ac , ’ Le li a B r d 61 A y , ing ss n . , 1 75 L e o 74 75 Internation al Mercantile , , L en a e 1 77 M p , arine Co . , 147 , 1 63 L e vi a than 1 47 1 62 In r e i d , , t p , 1 29
L Me . 1 25 Insur en ewiston , , g t, 35 L e xi n ton 1 7 F g , Ile de rance , 53, 59, 61 S . S . Li ber a tor 1 87 I sthmian Line 1 53 , , L iberty ships , 1 69 Isthmus of Tehuantepec , 1 43 Li htnin g g , 96, 97 L J indsay , California , 1 91 Ja co b B e ll 1 20 1 21 Li 11 , , of Position , 89; chart , James 8! B ai n es , 97 m e U . S . S . Ja s town , 85 Lisbon , 39, 55 J r e c e J . 1 4 Li ttle F o t s u amison . ohn C , 6, 1 47 , 7 Ja n e 55 En L . , iverpool , g , 37 , 63, 92, J 5 1 apan , 0 , 5 93, 1 1 8 , 1 1 9; packets , 93 Ja s n o 7 L En . , ondon , g , 39, 55, 1 59 Je er s on L ff , 39 ouis , Jean . 2 , 3 J L efferson , Pres . Thos . , 53 ouisiana S hipyards , 1 69
Index
1 1 a cto lu s 1 43 Navy Cross , 7 P , 1 21 a mer 1 20 D . 29 N . B . P l , , Paine , Ralph , e un e 1 41 1 21 N pt Palmer , Alexander , ;
r 1 . 1 21 Nep tun e s Ca , 29 Nathaniel B , ; Theo 1 5 1 21 New H aven , Conn . , 5 dore , 1 an ama 1 00 1 0 1 1 9 New London , Conn . , 73 P , , , 0 1 4 a . 1 4 1 3 Newport News , V , 7 , 67 Panama Canal , r l Pacific L 1 3 Ne wp o t, schoo ship , 1 72 , 1 73 Panama ine , 6 1 F 41 Ne w Orleans , La . , 2 , 3, 00 , Paris , rance , J 1 29 M 1 0 1 , 1 69, 1 8 5 Patten , oshua , ; ary 1 2 1 2 News boy , 1 36, 1 37 A. , 8 , 9 w k ea r l 6 Ne Yor , N. Y . , 21 , 63, 73, P , 7
90 , 93, 1 02, 1 03, 1 1 0 , 1 1 1 , Pearson , Robert H . , 1 1 2 , 1 1 3 1 1 9 1 1 . 2 , 1 1 3, 1 1 8 , 1 1 9, 1 21 , 1 29, Pedrick , Norman O , 68 , 6 e 1 47 , 1 65, 1 85 P gg y, 9, 31 e enn s lv ani a 1 2 1 S . S . N w York , 1 7 1 P y , 3 ; ( ) 63, 1 4 1 Ne k 8 85 . S . . 1 23 U . S . S . w Yor , 1 23 , ; U S
Y . R 21 N. S tate N autical School , Pennsylvania ailroad ,
1 A N. 64, 1 65 Perth mboy , J 35
Ni a ar a 1 1 M. O. 51 g , 6, 1 1 7 Perry , , er s e v er an ce 45 Norfolk , V irginia , 37 , 67 P , ; steamboat , 1 78 6- 87 1 2 1 3 North Pol e , 1 73 , , Nor th ar e wa bi c 1 33 S t , yacht , 93 P , hi la d e l hi a P p , U . S . F rigate , O 4 30 , 3 ; U . S . S . 1 59. ’ n P a . 26 27 1 75 O B ri e , Richard , 39 Philadelphia , , , , , 1 7 9 Oceanic Steamship Co . , 1 44 ’ h e O H a r a 1 o ni x 20 . 21 62 63 J. 90 1 91 , E dwin , , P , , , “ ” “ l Ir G O d on sides , 42 Physical eography of the ” li v er r e S e a 8 6 O C omw ll , 29 , i ck er i n 43 O . liver Iron S teel Co . , P g , P a P i l rim 1 0 7 Pittsburgh , . , 1 55 g , O omon a 7 range , V a . , 1 87 P , frigate , Or e n Pook S 92 g o , 1 1 2 , 1 1 3 , amuel A O 59 1 36 1 - e u- 27 rient, , , 37 , 1 65 Port Prince ,
r D . 1 00 1 0 1 O i on , 1 67 Porter , D avid , , r vi ll M 43 O e , 1 49 Portland , aine ,
Postal Aid Law , 1 25 P 39 42 4 Preble , Edward , , , 3 ; a ci i c 8 1 J 43 P f , , 93 edidiah , Pacific M S r e s id en t Co olid e 1 36 1 37 ail teamship line , P g , , 1 09 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 res id en t H ar di n , , , 1 3, 1 65 P g , 1 85 L 93 r e si den t H ar r Packets , iverpool , P i s on , 1 37 I n d ex
e r 1 36 1 37 P res id en t H o o v , ,
res id en t Polk 1 85 ’ P , 4 25 S ailors S nug H arbor , 2 , , id e n t R oos e v e lt 1 82 1 83 Pr es , , 77 1 47 35 , r es id en t U . S . F , P , rigate , 4 W . I. 5 S t . B artholomew , , 36 37 , S - H M 89 1 51 aint illaire , arq , Primrose Wisconsin , , James 35 S t. , r i n c e ton 83 P , 4 S t. Lou i s , 1 23, 1 7 r o te ctor 43 ’ P , r 1 2 1 S t. Ma y s , 1 65, 7 , 73 r ov id en e 99 P c , l 1 2 1 4 S t. P a u , 3, 6 3 S t . Petersburg , 55, 6 ! S alem Marine S ociety , 57 9 29 53 1 85 S M . 50 M . 1 67 ! uincy , ass , , alem , ass , , , , , 1 21
S alisbury , Mass . , 1 0 , 1 1 a e u S mu l R s s e ll , 1 20 , 1 21 Ra he l 65 1 1 c , S amuels , S amuel , 8 , 1 1 9, 4 25 R R R . , 2 , ; 1 4 andall , obert 6, 1 47 h S on 27 , T . 1 1 T omas A Wm. S ampson , dm . , 7 n ck 1 2 Ra a han o , 7 2 pp S anta Barbara , Calif . , 3, 93 1 1 8 Red Cross Line , , 1 21
R S C . , 72 , 73 2 eid , amuel S an Buenaventura , Calif . , 3 29 Rehoboth , Mass . , 1 S an D iego , Calif . , 6 2 9 R ed Ja cke t, clipper 9 , 3 , k N . 2 S andy Hoo , . Y , 63, 9 , u li c 1 1 R e b , 83, 85 1 4 p 95, 1 05, 1 42, 3 i a i n 1 R e ta l t o , galley , 3 S an F rancisco , Calif . , 23, 61 , 1 1 7 1 Rice , Emery , 7 0 , 1 4 1 2 90 , 9 , 9 , 0 , 1 03, 1 04,
Ri char d , 37 1 05, 1 1 0 , 1 1 1 , 1 1 2 , 1 1 3, 1 20 , F 1 4 1 2 Riesenberg , elix , 7 , 7 , 1 21 1 29 1 1 1 , , 36, 37 , 39, 1 42 , 1 73 1 4 1 48 1 4 1 4 1 3, , 9, 6 , 65, 1 85, Ri o J z 1 8 De aneiro , Bra il , 6 1 91 Ri si n un g S , 31 a S n Jacinto , 1 77 R 9 oach , John , 8 , 99 S an J uan Capistrano Calif . R , , obespierre , 55 23 R M 2 ogers , oses , 6 , 63 S z d anta Cru e Tenerife , 1 73 R 4 . F . D . 5 S oosevelt , Pres , anto Domingo , 27 Ros i u s 93 S a r a o a c , t g , Privateer , 64, 65;
R . otterdam , 55 U S . S . 1 61 . R ou s s eau 2 a vann a h , 7 S , 62 , 63 R owan , James , 22, 23 S chenectady , New York , 1 41 R e a Wi ch oyal Yacht Club Cu p , 1 1 6 S t , 90 , 91 R ’ umsey , James , 21 S eaman s U nion , 1 38 , 1 39
R . W . 1 ussell and Co , 95 S eattle , ash , 65 Ind e x
er a i s 1 8 1 9 36 3 S p , , , , 7 Tha mes , 43 S 1 24 1 26 1 27 Wm. ewall , Arthur , , , , Thomas , , M. , 1 88 , 1 89 1 48 Thomas Wi s n l o , 1 31
9 . S 7 U . . Ti onder S helburne , Nova cotia , S S c og a , 1 80 , 1 8 1 h 1 2 1 48 1 49 T r on S hen an d oa , 7 , , o to , 1 21
. 1 63 1 S hipping Control Com , Tripoli , 30 , 3 , 39, 42 , 43 idn e 1 65 1 1 S . S . S y , Troy , Alabama , 6
58 59 M . 1 S ilsbee , Nathaniel , , Truro , ass , 8 1 0 5 1 1 3 T rux tun S mith and Dimon , , , , Thomas , 34, 35
1 1 7 Tufts Coll ege , 1 53 1 1 4 1 55 Tu si ta l a 1 54 1 S outh America , 9 , 5 , , , , 55 fir st 1 1 69 Turbine , steam , 40 , 1 41 - ar 1 9 Two B r o ther s 2 S panish American W , 5 , , 9
1 61 , 1 7 1 9 U J R. 5 S pears , ohn , i t r e 1 1 U . S . S . S 0 p fi , Un daun ted 1 27 1 3 , S pitzbergen , 7 U nion Coll ege , 1 41 S Oil Co . l . tandard of Ca if , Uni te d ta te S s . . , U S F rigate ,
1 J. 1 7 5 7 5 N. ; of , 1 6 1 , 7 ; 1 1 5; S . S . S tandard S eamanship for 76 77 M S ” 1 73 , the erchant ervice , fice 1 1 U . S . Customs Of , 5 di s h 1 1 U . S . S . S tan 6 , 1 1 U . S . Lines , 62, 1 63 83 S H 55 , , tate ouse , B oston , 1 85 1 Y . 25 67 S taten I sland , N. , , U . S . Mail S teamship Co . , 8 1 S . G C . 1 85 tedman , Capt iles , M U . S . aritime Commission , S H 1 1 7 teer , enry , 1 69 1 78 1 79 1 1 1 1 , , Steers , G eorge , 6, 7 U . S . S hipping Board 1 77 S J 20 21 , , tevens , ohn , , 1 7 5 S 43 tewart , Charles , l U . S . Stee Corporation , 1 55 S 63 tockholm , U W 1 51 niversity of isconsin ,
m. 2 S turgis , W , 3, 67 , 68 , 69 S L 89 umner ine , V
S umner , Thomas H . , 88 , 89 V 93 S urpr i s e , 94, 95 anderbilt , Cornelius , Va ter’ land 1 47 S u s qu ehann a , 1 27 , 1 75 , V en ence 34 35 S uter , John , 68 , 69 g , , V n 47 Swallow T ail Line , 93 e ice , Italy ,
w r d s h Vi ctori ous , 1 85 S o fi , 1 09 V ictory F leet , 1 69 T Vi r i ni a g , 41 , 1 63 W 1 57 T acoma , ashington , V ol tai r e , 27 T en B r o ther s 55 V on A , der Horst, dmiral , 1 73 n 31 K V . H Te erife , . e tchum, 1 32