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Richard Russell, the Senate Armed Services Committee & Oversight of America’S Defense, 1955-1968
BALANCING CONSENSUS, CONSENT, AND COMPETENCE: RICHARD RUSSELL, THE SENATE ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE & OVERSIGHT OF AMERICA’S DEFENSE, 1955-1968 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Joshua E. Klimas, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2007 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor David Stebenne, Advisor Professor John Guilmartin Advisor Professor James Bartholomew History Graduate Program ABSTRACT This study examines Congress’s role in defense policy-making between 1955 and 1968, with particular focus on the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC), its most prominent and influential members, and the evolving defense authorization process. The consensus view holds that, between World War II and the drawdown of the Vietnam War, the defense oversight committees showed acute deference to Defense Department legislative and budget requests. At the same time, they enforced closed oversight procedures that effectively blocked less “pro-defense” members from influencing the policy-making process. Although true at an aggregate level, this understanding is incomplete. It ignores the significant evolution to Armed Services Committee oversight practices that began in the latter half of 1950s, and it fails to adequately explore the motivations of the few members who decisively shaped the process. SASC chairman Richard Russell (D-GA) dominated Senate deliberations on defense policy. Relying only on input from a few key colleagues – particularly his protégé and eventual successor, John Stennis (D-MS) – Russell for the better part of two decades decided almost in isolation how the Senate would act to oversee the nation’s defense. -
Politics 1-6 Commentary 6-7 FORUM Duly Noted 8
CONTENTS Politics 1-6 Commentary 6-7 FORUM Duly Noted 8 JULY 15, 1974 Vol. X, No. 14 50 CENTS POLITICS: REPORTS islation, but the implementation now under way of the new law's rules is still a controversial topic. COLORADO Daniels, a Denver businessman and part-owner of the Utah Stars basket Furthermore, there is some danger ball team, has drawn the bulk of his that the burning issue of the upcoming In only six states this year, incum support from state and Denver party Denver congressional race may spill bent governors will face or have faced leaders. Competition between the two over into state politics. A bitter fight serious primary challenges. GOP aspirants perhaps peaked in is expected between U.S. Rep. Patricia In South Dakota and Texas, respec Denver June 1 when delegates to the Schroeder (D) and State Rep. Frank tively, Democratic incumbents annihi state assembly were chosen. Daniels Southworth. Southworth, president of lated more liberal challengers with sur needed a strong showing from his the Denver Board of Education, is an prising ease. In Florida, Gov. Reubin Denver supporters but failed to get outspoken opponent of school busing Askew (D) is expected to have the it. In the pre-meeting acrimony, Den and is expected to make it his major same success, but in Oklahoma, the ver GOP Chairman James Aspinal, a issue. The publicity given busing could politi~allife expectancy of Gov. David Daniels backer, denied Denver GOP conceivably complicate the state guber Hall (D), embattled by investigations Secretary Mary Hofstra, a Vanderhoof natorial race as well. -
University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan the UNIVERSITY of OKLAHOMA
69- 13,912 BEDDOW, James Bellamy, 1942- ECONOMIC NATIONALISM OR INTERNATIONALISM: UPPER MIDWESTERN RESPONSE TO NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY, 1934-1940. The University of Oklahoma, Ph.D., 1969 History, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE ECONOMIC NATIONALISM OR INTERNATIONALISM: UPPER MIDWESTERN RESPONSE TO NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY, 1934-1940 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY JAMES BELLAMY BEDDOW Norman, Oklahoma 1969 ECONOMIC NATIONALISM OR INTERNATIONALISM: UPPER MIDWESTERN RESPONSE TO NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY, 1934-1940 APfPUVED BY L y —, DISSERTATION COMMITI^E TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE................................................... iv Chapter I. MIDWESTERN AGRICULTURE AND THE TARIFE . I II. RECIPROCAL TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM ENACTED ............................. 13 III. ORGANIZATIONAL RESPONSE TO THE RECIPROCAL TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM . 4] IV. NEW DEAL TARIFF POLICY AND THE ELECTION OF I936............................. 6? V. TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM RENEWED...............96 VI. AMERICAN NATIONAL LIVE STOCK ASSOCIATION OPPOSES THE TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM.......................... 128 VII. MIDWESTERN REACTION TO TRADE AGREEMENTS WITH GREAT BRITAIN AND CANADA .............144 VIII. THE NEW DEAL PROPOSES A TRADE AGREEMENT WITH ARGENTINA................... .....182 IX. TRADE AGREEMENTS PROGRAM RENEWED............. 200 X. CONCLUSIONS ....................................244 -
5847. Hon. Bruce Alger
1957 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 5847. By Mr. RIVERS: By Mr. SCOTT of Pennsylvania: By Mr. CARNAHAN: H. R. 6952. A bill to authorize the transfer H.J. Res. 311. Joi;nt resolution establish H. R. 6963. A bill for the relief of Mr::;. Elba of naval vessels to friendly foreign countries; ing a United States Academy of Foreign Serv Haverstick Cash; to the Committee on the to the Committee on Armed Services. ice; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Judiciary. By Mr. SILER: By Mr. FASCELL: H. R. 6953. A bill to amend the Internal H. R. 6964. A bill for the relief of Maria Revenue Code of 1954 to impose an import MEMORIALS Zaharis; to the Committee on the Judici tax on natural gas; to the Committee on Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memorials ary. Ways and Means. By Mr. LATHAM: By Mr. SCOTT of Pennsylvania: were presented and referred as follows: H. R. 6965. A bill for the relief of Carmen H . R. 6954. A bill to authorize the United By Mr. ALBERT: Memorial of the State Cruz-Sexton; to the Committee on the Judi States Court of Claims by its rules to create Legislature of Oklahoma relative to the de ciary. and to prescribe the functions and duties of velopment of the coal industry; to the Com By Mr. O'HARA of Illinois: trial and appellate divisions; to the Commit mittee on \Vays and Means. H. R. 6966. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Avis tee on the Judiciary. By Mr. PRICE: Memorial of the 70th Gen M. -
Maryland” of the Richard B
The original documents are located in Box 16, folder “Convention Delegates - Maryland” of the Richard B. Cheney Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 16 of the Richard B. Cheney Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library +<+····~ ..... _ ...:... .;..:. ....... ; r .c~ ·- ...__ 4 ·~·. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON MEETING WITH MARYLAND DELEGATION Monday, July 26, 1976 5:00 PM (30 minutes) The State Dining Room From~m Field I. PURPOSE To meet informally with the Maryland delegates. II. BACKGROUND, PARTICIPANTS AND PRESS PLAN A. Background: At the request of Rog Morton you have agreed to host a reception for the Maryland delegates. B. Participants: See attached list. c. Press Plan: White House Photo Only. Staff President Ford Committee Staff Dick Cheney Rog Morton Jim Field Jim Baker Paul Manafort Roy Hughes .. f ,. ' ' ' President Ford Committee 1828 L STREET, N.W., SUITE 250, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 (202) 457-6400 July 20, 1976 INFORMATION ON THE MARYLAND DELEGATION RICHARD ALLEN DEAR DICK Salisbury 1. -
Oral History Interview – 5/25/1982 Administrative Information
Jack Valenti Oral History Interview – 5/25/1982 Administrative Information Creator: Jack Valenti Interviewer: Sheldon M. Stern Date of Interview: May 25, 1982 Length: 15 pp. Biographical Note Valenti was the Special Assistant to President Lyndon Johnson (1963-1966), Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Motion Picture Association of America (1966-2004). This interview focuses on Lyndon Johnson’s relationships with John and Robert F. Kennedy, his role as vice president, President Kennedy’s trip to Texas, and the plane ride following the assassination, among other issues. Access Restrictions No restrictions. Usage Restrictions Copyright of these materials have passed to the United States Government upon the death of the interviewee. Users of these materials are advised to determine the copyright status of any document from which they wish to publish. Copyright The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be “used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research.” If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excesses of “fair use,” that user may be liable for copyright infringement. This institution reserves the right to refuse to accept a copying order if, in its judgment, fulfillment of the order would involve violation of copyright law. The copyright law extends its protection to unpublished works from the moment of creation in a tangible form. -
1984-85 Leadership List
The Society of American Archivists November 1984 ISSN 0091-5971 National Archives Independence a Reality at Last After a decade of intensive effort, the priority Thomas Eagleton (D-MO), and Representatives national legislative goal of the Society of American Jack Brooks (D-TX), Frank Horton (R-NY), Archivists has been achieved. On October 19, and Glenn English (D-OK). In the last months, President Ronald Reagan signed legislation creat Edwin Meese acted for the Reagan administration ing the independent National Archives and Rec in facilitating successful consideration of the ords Administration, effective April 1, 1985. b ill. Under the legislation, GSA is required to trans It was disclosed just days before the bill was fer 115 full-time positions to NARA, 30% of which signed that Archivist of the United States Robert must be vacant, to allow the new agency to per M. Warner will return to the University of Michi form administrative tasks previously handled gan in the spring of 1985 to serve as the Dean b y GSA. of the School of Library Science. Warner was appointed Archivist in 1980. Lawmakers indicated that hearings would be held in 1985 on strengthening the authority of the NARA legislation provides that the Archivist Archives to inspect records—an issue not satis is to be appointed by the President "by and fa c to rily addressed in th e 1984 act in the view with the advice and consent of the Senate." of many archivists. A term of office is not specified. Although the Archivist may be removed from office by the See the Congressional Record, O ctober 1, 1984, President, the conference report of the Congress pp. -
Eighth District, Governor Big Winners in Manchester Slip By
4 th State Treasurer — Pranoiaoo L Borgaa — Marla Harbat State Comptrollar — J. Edward Calciwall Edith Q. F>ragua Attorney Qanaral Jo# Uabarman All real estate advertised SS & SERVICE DIRECTORY Oovornor — William A. 0*N*IH —-'Oonald F>| Hartford County Sheriff — Alfred J. Rkxix K Mart help wanted. [ In the Manchester Herald Is sublecf to the Fair Uautanant Qovamor Joaaph J JamaeR.'' Tolland County Sheriff — Theodora R. Satkowakl Merchandise Em Housino Act of 19M, which U.8. Sanata — Chrlatophar J. Ood^" m t Jishn W. thorhpiKm MancHaatar Charter* Ravlalon — “No" ployees, Cashiers, mokes It llleflol to adver MnCEUJOIEOUS Stock. Full time and tise any preference, lim Icm LO C A K SERVICES Oongraaa. 1 at District — Barbara B. Kanheily; ’ et — J. Patar Euaaoaa Mancheatar Elderly Houaing "Yea" part-time positions itation or discrimination Congraaa. 2nd District — Sam OajdaruK>n EMata -r. Julia h : tashjlan r Manchaatar School Ranovatlona — “Yea" available experience based on race, color, reli PeoartV’ Brothof* — Bo- your nelohbarhood Odd lobs, Trucklna. Hodl* gion, sex or national not necessary, many IhrePm remofilrtlnR; In- Iwndy. nwni Honest fom- repairs. You name If; saafi origin, or an Intention to' traHotton water heaters, lly man, will estimate any do It, Free estimates^ employee benefits. make any such prefer Mother of one will sit In ocHlNMae disposals; faucet lob you create, lawns, Insured. 6434B04: Apply in person daily ence, limitation or dis her home days, full time, repolri. 6494S39. Visa/M- houllne, cleaning, paint Mon-Sat Manchester K crimination. The Herald and pert time. Coll after cKterCard accepted. ing, and minor repairs. Mart 23’9 Spencer will not knowingly accept 6pm . -
Appendix File 1958 Post-Election Study (1958.T)
app1958.txt Version 01 Codebook ------------------- CODEBOOK APPENDIX FILE 1958 POST-ELECTION STUDY (1958.T) >> 1958 CONGRESSIONAL CANDIDATE CODE, POSITIVE REFERENCES CODED REFERENCES TO OPPONENT ONLY IN REASONS FOR VOTE. ELSEWHERE CODED REFERENCES TO OPPONENT IN OPPONENT'S CODE. CANDIDATE 00. GOOD MAN, WELL QUALIFIED FOR THE JOB. WOULD MAKE A GOOD CONGRESSMAN. R HAS HEARD GOOD THINGS ABOUT HIM. CAPABLE, HAS ABILITY 01. CANDIDATE'S RECORD AND EXPERIENCE IN POLITICS, GOVERNMENT, AS CONGRESSMAN. HAS DONE GOOD JOB, LONG SERVICE IN PUBLIC OFFICE 02. CANDIDATE'S RECORD AND EXPERIENCE OTHER THAN POLITICS OR PUBLIC OFFICE OR NA WHETHER POLITICAL 03. PERSONAL ABILITY AND ATTRIBUTES. A LEADER, DECISIVE, HARD-WORKING, INTELLIGENT, EDUCATED, ENERGETIC 04. PERSONAL ABILITY AND ATTRIBUTES. HUMBLE, SINCERE, RELIGIOUS 05. PERSONAL ABILITY AND ATTRIBUTES. MAN OF INTEGRITY. HONEST. STANDS UP FOR WHAT HE BELIEVES IN. PUBLIC SPIRITED. CONSCIENTIOUS. FAIR. INDEPENDENT, HAS PRINCIPLES 06. PERSONAL ATTRACTIVENESS. LIKE HIM AS A PERSON, LIKABLE, GOOD PERSONALITY, FRIENDLY, WARM 07. PERSONAL ATTRACTIVENESS. COMES FROM A GOOD FAMILY. LIKE HIS FAMILY, WIFE. GOOD HOME LIFE 08. AGE, NOT TOO OLD, NOT TOO YOUNG, YOUNG, OLD 09. OTHER THE MAN, THE PARTY, OR THE DISTRICT 10. CANDIDATE'S PARTY AFFILIATION. HE IS A (DEM) (REP) 11. I ALWAYS VOTE A STRAIGHT TICKET. TO SUPPORT MY PARTY 12. HE'S DIFFERENT FROM (BETTER THAN) MOST (D'S) (R'S) 13. GOOD CAMPAIGN. GOOD SPEAKER. LIKED HIS CAMPAIGN, Page 1 app1958.txt CLEAN, HONEST. VOTE-GETTER 14. HE LISTENS TO THE PEOPLE BACK HOME. HE DOES (WILL DO) WHAT THE PEOPLE WANT 15. HE MIXES WITH THE COMMON PEOPLE. -
The House Committee on Ways and Means
This dissertation has been 65-13,211 microfilmed exactly as received CATALDO, Everett Felix, 1935- THE HOUSE COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1965 Political Science, general University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE HOUSE COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University Everett F. Cataldo, B.A., M.A. ****** The Ohio State University 1965 Approved by Adyz.ser u Department orPolitical Science VTTA October 5? 1935 Born - Franklin, Massachusetts 1957.......... B.A., College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Massachusetts 1959.......... M.A., Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts I96O- 6 2....... Teaching Assistant, Department of Political Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1 9 6 2 -6 3....... Congressional Fellow of the American Political Science Association, Washington, D. C. 1 9 6 3 -6 5....... Visiting Lecturer, Department of Political Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Political Science American Government and Politics. Professors Harvey C. Mansfield and Myron Q. Hale Parties, Politics, and Political Processes. Professors Allen E. Helms, Lawrence J. R. Herson, and James B. Christoph Political Theory. Professor David Spitz Comparative Government. Professors Harold Zink and James B. Christoph TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES............ v INTRODUCTION....................................... 1 Chapter I. THE HOUSE COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS: STRUCTUAL PROPERTIES..................... 12 Committee Organization Recruitment of Committee Members Summary and Conclusion II. PERCEPTIONS AND ATTITUDES OF WAYS AND MEANS MEMBERS................... 51 Summary and Conclusions III. GENESIS OF THE TAX PROGRAM................ -
Discovery of Japan by a New Englander: a Diary of William
DISCOVERY OF JAPAN BY A NEW ENGLANDER; A DIARY OF WILLIAM CLEVELAND, CAPTAIN'S CLERK ON BOARD THE MASSACHUSETTS IN 1800: AN INTRODUCTION MADOKA KANAI* I THE IDEA THAT THE FAMOUS 1853 EXPEDITION OF COM modore Matthew Calbraith Perry did not initiate relations between Japan and the United States has been widely ac cepted.' Perhaps, the most balanced and factual description of the relations is that of Shunzo Sakamaki, Professor at the Univ ersity of Hawaii, which was largely written on the basis of pri mary and secondary materials then available in the two countries (J apan and the United States). Mr. Sakamaki points out that the Perry expedition was preceded to Japan - on at least twenty five occasions - by twenty-seven American vessels, including fif teen merchantmen, nine whalers, and three warships.' An effort to enrich Sakamaki's chronicle in terms of the analysis of the means by which the United States made the intellectual acquaint ance of Japan, has recently been done by Columbia University Professor Henry F. Graff, in his introduction to an unofficial diary *The text of this unpublished diary as transcribed from its original in manuscript, and annotated by Mr. M. Kanai, will be separately published by the Institute of Asian Studies as one of its published Monographs. Mr. Kanai wishes to acknowledge the cooperation rendered him while gathering microfilm materials, by Professor John Whitney Hall of Yale University, Mrs. Moyra L. Baker, former staff secretary at Peabody Museum, Salem, Massachusetts, and Mrs. MAP. Meilink-Roelofsz, Keeper of the General State Archives, The Hague. Credit and thanks are due to Mr. -
Congressional Directory Speaker of the Until the 20Th Amendment House of Representatives Vania
522 SESSIONS OF CONGRESS, 1st–112th CONGRESSES, 1789–2011 [Closing date for this table was September 15, 2011.] MEETING DATES OF CONGRESS: Pursuant to a resolution of the Confederation Congress in 1788, the Constitution went into effect on March 4, 1789. From then until the 20th amendment took effect in January 1934, the term of each Congress began on March 4th of each odd-numbered year; however, Article I, section 4, of the Constitution provided that ‘‘The Con- gress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.’’ The Congress there- fore convened regularly on the first Monday in December until the 20th amendment became effective, which changed the beginning of Congress’s term as well as its convening date to January 3rd. So prior to 1934, a new Congress typically would not convene for regular business until 13 months after being elected. One effect of this was that the last session of each Congress was a ‘‘lame duck’’ session. After the 20th amendment, the time from the election to the beginning of Congress’s term as well as when it convened was reduced to two months. Recognizing that the need might exist for Congress to meet at times other than the regularly scheduled convening date, Article II, section 3 of the Constitution provides that the President ‘‘may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them’’; hence these sessions occur only if convened by Presidential proclamation. Except as noted, these are separately numbered sessions of a Congress, and are marked by an E in the session column of the table.