Rissa Tridactyla (Black-Legged Kittiwake)

Rissa tridactyla (Black-legged Kittiwake)

European Red List of Birds

Supplementary Material

The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015).

Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 3 Sources of reported national population data p. 5 Species factsheet bibliography p. 7

Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/

Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected].

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Rissa tridactyla (Black-legged Kittiwake)

Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Denmark 340 <1 2011 good - 20-33 1999-2011 medium + 10 1980-2011 medium DK: Faroe Is 160,000 8 1999 medium - 2001-2012 ? DK: Greenland 110,000 6 2000-2012 medium - 1-5 2000-2012 poor - 10-50 1980-2012 poor France 5,000-5,500 <1 2009-2010 good 0 0 2000-2010 good + 136-160 1979-2010 good Germany 7,083 <1 2005-2009 good - 8-12 1998-2009 good + 31-400 1985-2009 medium Iceland 580,000 31 2006-2008 good - 12 1983-2009 good - 12 1983-2009 medium Rep. Ireland 28,627 2 2012 medium - 21 2002-2012 medium + 16 1987-2012 medium Netherlands 25-100 <1 2008-2011 medium + 733-3233 2000-2011 medium Norway 161,000 9 2013 good - 25-50 2002-2013 good - 5-15 1980-2013 good NO: Svalbard 200,000-270,000 12 2001-2013 poor 0 0 2003-2013 medium - 0-10 1988-2013 good Russia 100,000-500,000 12 2000-2012 poor ? 0 0 1980-2012 poor Spain 0-5 <1 2012 good - 30-40 2001-2012 good - 85-95 1980-2012 good Sweden 31-41 <1 2008-2012 good 0 0 2001-2012 good 0 0 1980-2012 good United Kingdom 380,000 20 1998-2002 good - 47 1999-2011 good - 25 1986-2000 good EU27 421,000-422,000 22 Decreasing Europe 1,730,000-2,200,000 100 Decreasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Trend maps

A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.

KEY

Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%) Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%) Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%) ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude

å Stable or fluctuating 0 Unknown ¢ Present (no population or trend data) Ð Extinct since 1980

Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country. ñ Large: ≥10% of the European population ñ Medium: 1–9% of the European population ñ Small: <1% of the European population

The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Figure 1. Breeding population sizes and short-term trends across Europe.

Figure 2. Breeding population sizes and long-term trends across Europe.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Rissa tridactyla (Black-legged Kittiwake)

Sources

Denmark Breeding population size: www.dofbasen.dk Breeding short-term trend: BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. Wageningen, The Netherlands: BirdLife International. (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 12) complete survey in 2011 Breeding long-term trend: BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. Wageningen, The Netherlands: BirdLife International. (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 12) Grell, Michael Borch (1998): Fuglenes Danmark. Gads forlag i samarbejde med Dansk Ornitologisk Forening. Olsen, Klaus Malling (1992): Danmarks fugle –en oversigt. Dansk Ornitologisk Forening. Complete survey in 2011 DK: Faroe Is Breeding population size: TemaNord (2010) Action plan for seabirds in Western-Nordic areas. Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen. B. Olsen unpublished data (per Berglund & Hentati-Sundberg 2014). Hammer et al. (2014) Færøsk trækfugleatlas [Faroese bird migration atlas]. Fróðskapur / Faroe University Press, Tórshavn. Breeding short-term trend: B. Olsen unpublished data (per Berglund & Hentati-Sundberg 2014). DK: Greenland Breeding population size: Labansen, A.L., Merkel, F., Boertmann, D. & Nyeland, J. 2010. Status of the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding population in Greenland, 2008. – Polar Research 29: 391-403. Breeding short-term trend: Labansen, A.L., Merkel, F., Boertmann, D. & Nyeland, J. 2010. Status of the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding population in Greenland, 2008. – Polar Research 29: 391-403. Breeding long-term trend: Labansen, A.L., Merkel, F., Boertmann, D. & Nyeland, J. 2010. Status of the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) breeding population in Greenland, 2008. – Polar Research 29: 391-403. France Breeding population size: http://files.biolovision.net/www.atlas-ornitho.fr/pdffiles/ROMN2009-2010RP1-mars2011-9035.pdf Breeding short-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. Breeding long-term trend: Cadiou B., Pons J.-M. & Yésou P. (éds) 2004 Oiseaux marins nicheurs de France métropolitaine (1960-2000), Éditions Biotope, Mèze, 218 p. Germany Breeding population size: Gedeon, K., C. Grüneberg, A. Mitschke & C. Sudfeldt (in Vorb.): Atlas Deutscher Brutvogelarten. SVD & DDA, Münster. Breeding short-term trend: Monitoring seltener Brutvögel Breeding long-term trend: Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten e.V. Iceland Breeding population size: Arnþór Garðarsson ofl. 2013 Bliki 32: 1-10 Breeding short-term trend: Arnþór Garðarsson ofl. 2013 Bliki 32: 1-10 Breeding long-term trend: Arnþór Garðarsson ofl. 2013 Bliki 32: 1-10 Republic of Ireland Breeding population size: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding short-term trend: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding long-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & Partridge, K. (1991) The status of Seabirds in Britain and Ireland. T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Netherlands Breeding population size: NEM, Sovon en CBS (Boele et al. 2011-2013, van Dijk et al 2010) Breeding short-term trend: NEM, Sovon en CBS (Boele et al. 2011-2013, van Dijk et al 2010), SOVON (2002) Breeding long-term trend: Not present as a breeding around 1980, first record in 2000 (3 reported breeding pairs) Norway Breeding population size: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding short-term trend: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding long-term trend: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. NO: Svalbard Breeding population size: 1). Norwegian Polar Institute unpublished data. 2). Bangjord, G., Haugskott, T. & Hammer, S. 2013. Svalbard birds - a basic field guide. Longyearbyen Field Biological Society. 124 pages. Breeding short-term trend: The Norwegian monitoring program for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding long-term trend: Norwegian Polar Institute (unpublished)

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Rissa tridactyla (Black-legged Kittiwake)

Russia Breeding population size: Gavrilo M.V., Tertitski G.M., Pokrovskaya I.V., Golovkin A.N. 1993. The archipelago avifauna. – In: Matishov G.G., Galaktionov K.V., Denisov V.V., Drobysheva S.S., Chinarina A.D., Timofeeva S.V. The environment and ecosystems of the Frans Josef Land (archipelago and shelf). Apatity: Kola Scientific Center RAS: 81 93 (In Russian). Gavrilo M.V. 2011. Fauna and populations of birds in some high-latitude islands of Western Arctic. – In: Matishov G.G., Tishkov A.A. (eds.) Terrestrial and marine ecosystems / Russian input in MPG 2007/2008. Moscow, Paulsen: 344-364 (In Rusian). Krasnov, Yu.V., Matishov, G.G., Galaktionov, K.V., Savinova, T.N. 1995. The colonial seabirds of Murman. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publishers, 224 pp. (In Russian). Krasnov Yu.V., Nikolaeva N.G. 1998a. Some results of the multidisciplinary study of the kittiwake in the Barents Sea. In: Biology and oceanography of the Kara and Barents Seas (along the Northern marina route). Apatity: publ. KSC RAS, 180-260 (in Russian). Krasnov Yu.V., Nikolaeva N.G., Goryaev Yu.I., Ezhov A.V. 2007. Recent condition of colonies and tendencies of changes in numbers of kittiwakes and guillemots in Kola Peninsula. - Ornitologia, 34 (1): 65-75 (in Russian). Strøm, H., Øien, I.J., Opheim, J., Kuznetsov, E.A. & Khakhin, G.V. 1994. Seabird Censuses on Novaya Zemlya 1994. Norwegian Ornithological Society Report No.2-1994. Strøm, H., Øien, I.J., Opheim, J., Khakhin, G.V., Cheltsov, S.N. & Kuklin, V. 1995. Seabird Censuses on Novaya Zemlya 1995. Norwegian Ornithological Society Report No.1-1995. Strøm, H., Øien, I.J., Opheim, J., Khakhin, G.V., Cheltsov, S.N. & Kuklin, V. 1997. Seabird Censuses on Novaya Zemlya 1996. Norwegian Ornithological Society Report No.1-1997. Breeding long-term trend: Krasnov, Yu.V., Matishov, G.G., Galaktionov, K.V., Savinova, T.N. 1995. The colonial seabirds of Murman. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publishers, 224 pp. (In Russian). Gavrilo M.V. Avifauna and its change during historical period. – In: Collective monograph of Murmansk Marine Biological Institute. In press. Krasnov Yu.V., Nikolaeva N.G. 1998a. Some results of the multidisciplinary study of the kittiwake in the Barents Sea. In: Biology and oceanography of the Kara and Barents Seas (along the Northern marina route). Apatity: publ. KSC RAS, 180-260 (in Russian). Recent condition of colonies and tendencies of changes in numbers of kittiwakes and guillemots in Kola Peninsula. - Ornitologia, 34 (1): 65-75 (in Russian). Spain Breeding population size: Mouriño, J. 2008. La gaviota tridáctila. En, A. Bertolero, M. Genovart, A. Martínez-Abraín, B. Molina, J. Mouriño, D. Oro y G. Tavecchia. Gaviotas cabecinegra, picofina, de Audouin y tridáctila, y gavión atlántico en España. Población en 2007 y método de censo, pp. 74. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid. http://www.magrama.gob.es/ es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/22_gaviotas_cabecinegra_picofina_de_aouduin_y_tridactila_y_gavion_atlantico_2007_tcm7-218241.pdf Dirección Xeral de Conservación da Natureza (2012) Plan Director da Rede Natura 2000 de Galicia. Anexo IV - Espazos da Área Litoral. Dirección Xeral de Conservación da Natureza, Consellería de Medio Ambiente, Territorio e Infraestruturas, Xunta de Galicia. Munilla, I. & Velando, A. 2008. PLAN INTEGRAL DE RECUPERACIÓN E CONSERVACIÓN DAS AVES NIDIFICANTES en CANTÍS COSTEIROS: URIA AALGE, PHALACROCORAX ARISTOTELIS E RISSA TRIDACTYLA. Dirección Xeral de Conservación da Natureza, Consellería de Medio Ambiente e Desenvolvemento sostible. Informe no publicado. 141 pp. Breeding short-term trend: Munilla, I. & Velando, A. 2008. PLAN INTEGRAL DE RECUPERACIÓN E CONSERVACIÓN DAS AVES NIDIFICANTES en CANTÍS COSTEIROS: URIA AALGE, PHALACROCORAX ARISTOTELIS E RISSA TRIDACTYLA. Dirección Xeral de Conservación da Natureza, Consellería de Medio Ambiente e Desenvolvemento sostible. Informe no publicado. 141 pp. Mouriño, J. 2008. La gaviota tridáctila. En, A. Bertolero, M. Genovart, A. Martínez-Abraín, B. Molina, J. Mouriño, D. Oro y G. Tavecchia. Gaviotas cabecinegra, picofina, de Audouin y tridáctila, y gavión atlántico en España. Población en 2007 y método de censo, pp. 74. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid. Breeding long-term trend: Munilla, I. & Velando, A. 2008. PLAN INTEGRAL DE RECUPERACIÓN E CONSERVACIÓN DAS AVES NIDIFICANTES en CANTÍS COSTEIROS: URIA AALGE, PHALACROCORAX ARISTOTELIS E RISSA TRIDACTYLA. Dirección Xeral de Conservación da Natureza, Consellería de Medio Ambiente e Desenvolvemento sostible. Informe no publicado. 141 pp. Mouriño, J. 2008. La gaviota tridáctila. En, A. Bertolero, M. Genovart, A. Martínez-Abraín, B. Molina, J. Mouriño, D. Oro y G. Tavecchia. Gaviotas cabecinegra, picofina, de Audouin y tridáctila, y gavión atlántico en España. Población en 2007 y método de censo, pp. 74. SEO/BirdLife. Madrid. Sweden Breeding population size: Ottosson, U., Ottvall, R., Elmberg, J., Green, M., Gustafsson, R., Haas, F., Holmqvist, N., Lindström, Å., Nilsson, L., Svensson, M., Svensson, S. & Tjernberg, M. 2012. Fåglarna i Sverige - antal och förekomst. Sveriges Ornitologiska Förening, Halmstad. Breeding short-term trend: Swedish Bird Survey (Svensk Fågeltaxering), Lund University. Breeding long-term trend: Swedish Bird Survey (Svensk Fågeltaxering), Lund University. United Kingdom Breeding population size: Heubeck, M. 2004. Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Pp. 277-290. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird Populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser. Breeding short-term trend: JNCC 2012. Seabird population trends and causes of change: 2012 report (http://www.jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-3201). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Updated July 2012. Breeding long-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & Partridge, K. 1991. The status of seabirds in Britain and Ireland. London, T. & A.D. Poyser. 355 pp. Heubeck, M. 2004. Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Pp. 277-290. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. and Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird Populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Bibliography

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HELCOM (2013) Red List Rissa tridactyla

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THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2015) EUROPEAN RED LIST OF BIRDS