A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CHECKLIST OF AMERICAN NEGRO WRITERS ABOUT AFRICA

by Dorothy B. PORTER

C3 INCE the latter part of the eighteenth century the American Negro's interest in Africa has beencontinually shown in his writings. Probably the first public statement by an American Negro pertain- ing to Africa was published bv Othello, a Negro resident of Maryland, who in 1 788 protested the stealing of Africans for purposes of enslavement and wrote that ((every corner of the globe would reverberate with the sound of African oppression » if the inhabitants' of Africa had crossed the Atlantic Ocean, seized American citizens, and carried them back to in Africa'. In the following year the autobiography of Olaudah Equiano, also known as Gustavus Vassa, appeared. In addition to recollections of childhood, Vassa's book contained interesting descriptions of everyday life in Africa. It is quite possible that Paul CufFee's Brief Account of the Settle- ment and Present Condition o/ the Colony o/ Sierra Leone (1812) gave rise to interest in Sierra Leone as a place for colonization by

1. Carter G. Woodson, Negro Orators and Their Orations (Washington, D. C. The Associated Publishers, 1925), p. 23.

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American Negroes. Cuffee, a Negro shipowner and navigator, had explored the area in 1811 for the possibilities of colonization and trade. It seems a meaningful coincidence that in 1817, the very year of Cuffee's death, the American Colonization Society was formed, and for more than fifty years remained a stimulus to published propaganda by American Negroes for and against African colonization . During this period, many American Negroes journeyed to Africa ; but Negro and bishops of the various church denominations began as early as the 1830's to write of their expe- riences while serving in many parts of Africa, specifically, in Sierra Leone, , The , South Africa, and Togoland . Their successors have continued to publish about Africa up to the present. One of the less known, but not the least zealous of Negro missionaries, was Dr. , a graduate of Hampton Institute, who was made a Fellow of the Royal Geograph- ical Society of London in recognition of his services as an explorer. Sheppard went in 1890 as a under the Presbyterian church to Luebo in the Belgian Congo. There he labored for twenty years and fearlessly exposed Belgian cruelties towards the Africans. Sheppard's articles relating to the Bakuba of Central Africa are informative, while his African folk tales are amusing. Vfithin the scope of the present compilation of 421 titles by forty-nine authors fall the writings of explorers like Martin Robison Delany, who was sent to Africa to study the possibility of using the Niger Valley as a place for the settlement of colored emigrants from the United States ; of educators like Alexander Crummell, who reminded the ((sons of Africa in America)) of their African heritage in his Relations and Duty to the Land of Their Fathers (1861) ; and of diplomats like George Washington Ellis, whose research into the cultural life of Africa extended over his ten years of diplomatic service. The writings of Thomas McCants Stewart, a lawyer who helped codify the laws of Liberia and assisted in the settlement of numerous boundary disputes in that country, and of the scientists Hildrus Poindexter and Madison Briscoe, field investigators in tropical bacteriology and entomology respectively, may suggest further the considerable diversity of the American Negro's interest in Africa. Quite generally known are the varied African interests of the

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late Alain LeRoy Locke. In a published article, ((Apropos of Africa)), Locke urged the American Negro to support programs of African studies and to inform himself about Africa through study, travel, and exchange of students and of journalistic and scholarly publications. The writings of W. E. B. DuBois, Monroe Work, Carter G. Woodson, Rayford Logan and Max Yergan have yielded considerable knowledge of Africa's more recent past ; while the unpublished lectures and occasional articles of William Leo Hans- berry have enabled that scholar to exert broad influence on both African and American students of African history and archeology. Other American Negroes have published travelogues, fiction with an African theme, studies on agriculture, religion, family life, linguistics, history, art, music, politics and biography. Their books and articles have touched on life in Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, South Africa, Belgian Congo, Kenya, Gold Coast, Angola, Southwest Africa, and Swaziland. Owing to limited space, it has been necessary to omit biographical notes and annotations. For the same reason, the compiler has made no effort to analyze the literature in an extended essay. The purpose here has been to present in true proportion the nature and the scope of published expressions about Africa by American Negro authors. Although it has not been -possible to include many newspaper articles by Negroes published in either the white or the Negro press, the compiler feels that this purpose has been accom- plished. It is hoped that in connection with the growing world interest in African affairs, the present compilation will be significant as an index to what Negro scholars, humanitarians, or students of African interests have thought about the ((land of their fathers)).

BAGLEY, Caroline. My Trip Through Egypt and the Holy Land. New York : The Grafton Press, 1.928, pp. 223. BARBER, .J. Max. The Negro of the Earlier \World, an Excursion into Ancient Negro History. Philadelphia : A. M. E. Book Concern, n.d., pp. 32. (b. 1889). BARNETT, Claude Albert (b. 1889). ((The Truth About African Chiefs)),, The Negro Digest, 6 : 82-7, March, 1948. BAYLEY, Solomon (d. 1839). Brief Account of the Colony of Liberia. Wilmington, Del. : Porters & Mitchell . Printer [1836], pp. 8.

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BooNE, Clinton C. Congo As I Saw . It. New York : J. J. Little & Ives Co., 1927, pp. 96. -- Liberia As I Know It. Richmond, Va. : n.p., 1929, pp. 152. - ((On the Congo. Part II of Some African Customs and Superstitions)), Southern Workman, 39 : 625-627, Nov., 1910. BRADLEY, Gladyce H. ((Education in Africa-The Problem of the Twentieth Century)), Journal of Negro Education, 23 : 30-39, Winter, 1954. BRADLEY, Benjamin Griffith (1882-1939). Africa and the War. New York : Duflield & Co., 1918, pp. 94. Liberia One Hundred Years After)), New Republic, 27 319-321, Aug. 17, 1921. - « Liberia Today)), Southern Workman, .19 : -146-452, Oct., 1920. BRAY, James A. Ethiopia ; A Challenge to World Christianity . An Address Delivered. by Bishop James A. Bray at the Meeting of the Fraternal Council of Negro Churches, Cleveland, Ohio, August 21, 1935. Jackson, Tenn : C.M.E. Publishing House. 1935, pp. 15. BREWER, William Miles. ((John Russwurm », Journal of Negro History, 13 . : 413-422, Oct., 1928. BRISCOE, Madison Spencer (b. 1904). ((Field Notes on Mosquitoes Collected in Liberia)), ?Mosquito News, 10 : 19-21, 1950. - « Insect Reconnaissance in Liberia, West Africa », Psyche, A Journal of Entomology, 54 : 246-255, 1947. - «Kinds and Distribution of Wild Rodents and Their Ectopa- rasites in Egypt », The. American Midland Naturalist, 55 : 393- 408, 1956. - ((Notes on Snakes Collected in Liberia)) Copeia, 1 : 19-21, 1949. - ((Observations on Vesical Schistosomiasis in West Africa)), Journal of the National Medical Association, 37 : 112-114, July, 1945. - a Parasitic Infections in West Africa)), Journal of The Na- tional Medical Association, 39 : 57-60, March, 19-17 . - a The Relation of Insects and Insect-Borne Diseases to the Vegetation and Environment in Liberia », Ecology, 32 : 187-214, 1952. - ((West African Snails of Economic Importance)), Beta Kappa Chi Bulletin, v. 3, No. 1, Jan., 1945. BROOKS, William Sampson (b.1865). Footprints of a Black Man ; the Holy Land [St. Louis : Eden Publishing House Print, 19151, pp. 317. BROWN, George William. The Economic . Washington, D.C. : The Associated Publishers, Inc. [c. 19411, pp. 366. BROWN, Thomas C. Examination of Mr. Thomas C. Brown, a Free Colored Citizen of South Carolina, as to the Actual State of

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Things in Liberia in the Years 1833 and 1834, at the Chatham Street Chapel, May 9th and 10th, 1834. New York : S. W. Bcne- dict, 1834, pp. 40. BROWNE, Vincent Jefferson (b. 1917). ((Economic Development in Liberia)), Journal o/ Negro Education, 24 : 113-119, Spring, 1955. BUNcHE, Ralph Johnson (b, 1904). ((French and British Imperialism in West Africa)) Journal of Negro History, 21 :,31-46 Jan., 1936. - ((The Irua Ceremony Among the Kikuyu of Kiambu District, Kenya)), Journal o/ Negro History, 26 : 16-65, March, 1941. - ((The Land Equation in Kenya Colony)), Journal o/ Negro History, 24 : 33-43, Jan., 1939. - World View of Race. Washington, D.C. : The Associates in Negro Folk Education, 1936, pp. 98. BUNDY, R. C.. ((Folk-tales From Liberia)), Journal o/ American Folklore, 32 : 406-427, July, 1919. BuRNs, Francis (d. 1863). «Account of the Church at. Cape Palmas ,), Africa's Luminary, I : 11, April 19, 1839. - ((Biographical Sketch of life of Mary Ann Gutridge », Africa's Luminary, I : 12, April 19, 1839. - ((Liberia Annual Conference)), Africa's Luminary, 1 : 7, April 5, 1839. CALLOWAY, J. N. ((African Sketches)), Southern Workman, 31 618-621, Nov., 1902. - « Tuskegee Cotton-Planter in Africa)), Outlook, 70 : 772-776, Mar. 29, 1902. CAMPHOR, Alexander Priestly (1866-1920). Missionary Story Sketches, Folklore From Africa. With an introduction by the Rev. M. C. B. Mason. Cincinnati : Jennings and Graham ; New York : Eaton and Mains [19091, pp. 346. CARTWRIGHT, Marguerite Dorsey (b. 1914). ((Africa Unit )", Social Studies, 4 : 264-268, Nov., 1953. - <(Ghana, First Year : A Summing Up)), The Negro History Bnlletin, 21 : 147-152, April, 1958. - ((Investment and Education in Nigeria)), The Negro History Bulletin, 21 : 133-134, Mar., 1958. - ((Progress in the Congo),, The Negro History -Bulletin, 17 125-156, Mar., 1954. - T« eaching About Africa)), The Negro History Bulletin, 19 74, 77-79, Jan., 1956. - ((Teaching the Africa Unit)), Phylon, 13 : 306-311, Fourth Quarter, 1952. CHEEK, L. N. « Beminscences of a Missionary)), The Mission Herald, 43 : 15, March-April, 1939 : 43 : 16-17, May-June, 1939 ; 44 17-18, Sept.-Oct., 1940.

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CHRISTENSEN, James B, a African Political Systems : Indirect Rule and Democratic Processes)), Phyton, 15 : 69-83, First Quarter, 1954. COKER, Daniel (b. 1785). Journal of , a Descendant of Africa, From the Time of Leaving New York in the Ship Elizabeth, Capt. Sebor, on a Voyage for Sherbro, in Africa, in Company with Three Agents and About Ninety Persons of Colour. With an Appendix. : Published by Edward J. Coale, 1820, pp. 52. COLES, Samuel Bracy (1888-1957). Preacher With a Plow. Boston Houghton Mifflin [19571, pp. 241. COOK, Mercer . ((World's No. 1 Negro [Fe1ix Ebouel », Negro Digest, 1 : 47-49, Sept. 1943. COPPIN, Levi Jenkins (1848-1924). ((American Negro's Religion for the African Negro's Soul,,)),-Independent, 54 :748-758, Mar. 27,1902. - Letters From South Africa. Philadelphia : A. M. E. Church Book Concern, n. d. pp. 200. - Observations of Persons and Things in South Africa, 1900-1904. Philadelphia : A. M. E. Book Concern, n. d., pp. 205. Council on African Affairs. Proceedings of the Conference on Africa- New Perspectives. Auspices of the Council of African Affairs, Inc. at the Institute for International Democracy, April 14, 1944 [New York, 19441, pp.- 52. - Resistance Against Fascist Enslavement in South Africa. With a postscript for Americans by Alphaeus Hunton . New York, 1953, pp. 62. - Seeing is Believing ; Here is the Truth About the Color Bar, Land Hunger, Poverty, and Degradation, the Pass System, Labor Exploitation, Racial Oppression in South Africa. . New York : The Council, 1947, pp. 24. CRUMMELL, Alexander (1819-1898). ((The Absolute Need of an Indigenous Missionary Agency for the Evangelization of Africa)), pp. 137-142, in : Congress on Africa, Africa and the American Negro (, 1896). - Africa and America ; Addresses and Discourses . Springfield, Mass. : Willey & Co., 1891, pp. 466. - u Civilization as a Collateral and Indispensable Instrumentality in Planting the Christian Church in Africa)), pp. 119-124, in Congress on Africa, Africa and the American Negro (Atlanta, 1896). - The English Language in Liberia. The Annual Address Before the Citizens of Maryland County, Cape Palmes, Liberia, July 26, 1861 . Being the Day of National Independence. New York : Bruce and Co., 1861, pp. 32. - The Relations and Duties of Free Colored Men in America to Africa. Hartford : Press of Case, Lockwood and Co., 1861 .- pp. 54. CUFFEE, Paul (1759-1818). Brief Account of the Settlement and Present Situation of the Colony of Sierra Leone, in Africa ;

385 A CHECKLIST Colour) to His as Communicated by Paul Cuffe [sic] (A Man of Also, an Explanation of the Object of Friend in New York : United and Some Advice to the People of Colour in the His Visit, the People of States. To Which is Subjoined, An Address to the Convention of Delegates From the Abolition Colour, From Printed by Samuel Societies in the United States. New York : Wood, 1812, pp. 12. is Liberia ; a Brief History of This Land of DAVIS, Stanley A. This Builders. Contradiction, with Biographies of its Founders and New York : William-Frederick Press, 1,953, pp. 151. Pedro Gorino . The Adventures of a Negro DEAN, Harry. The Attempts to Sea-Captain in -Africa on the Seven Seas in his Ethiopian Empire ; an Autobiographical Narrative. Found an 362. Boston and New York : Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1929, pp. in Africa - Umbala. The Adventures of a Negro Sea Captain Seas in his Attempts to Found an Ethiopian and on the Seven : George Empire ; an Autobiographical Narrative. London C. Harrap & Co., 1929, pp. 256. Robison (1812-1855). Official Report of the Niger DELANY, Martin Hamilton ; Valley Exploring Party. New York : Thomas London : Webb, Millington & Co., 1861, pp. 75. and Color, - Principia of Ethnology : the Origin of Races Compendium of Ethiopean and Egyptian With an Archeological Enquiry. Civilization From Years of Careful Examination and Philadelphia : Harper & Brothers,- 1879, pp. 95. African World, DENNIS, Gabriel L. ((The Republic of Liberia)), Aug., 1947, pp. 9-10. Philadelphia DESIIANDs, Lottie B. Ethiopia's Spiritual Rise. A. M. E. Book Concern,[ 1936], pp. 157. Crisis, 63 : 215-217, DIGGS, Irene. ((The Indian in East Africa)), 54, April, 1956. 383, June- - « Lysistrata A I'Africaine », Crisis, 64 : 345-348, July, 1957. E. African Folk Tales as Told to Pauline E. DINKINS, Pauline Board, 1933. Dinkins. Tennessee Sunday School Publishing 21 unnumbered leaves. v Negro DOUGLASS, Joseph H. and Hiley H. Hill. The American South African Cape Coloured : A Comparative Study and the Negro History Bulletin of a Class of Human Phenomena », The 13 : 147-152, April, 1950. Francis. The American Cavalryman ; a Liberian DOWNING, Henry ; 1917, Romance. New York : The Neale Publishing Company pp. 306. - Liberia and Her People [New York, 1925], pp . 26. History of Liberia (1816-1908) With Descriptive - A Short Reading. Addenda in Four Parts, for Schools and General New York : Amos M. Gailliard Co., n.d. pp. 27. :12-13, Spring, DRAKE, St Clair, ((Asia, Now Africa)), The Crescent, 34 1950.

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DuBois, William Edward Burghardt (b. 1868). ((Africa)), Crisis, 27 247-251, April, 1924. - ((Africa and the American Negro Intelligentsia)), Presence Africaine, N. S., Dec., 1955 - Jan., 1956, pp. 34-51. - . and Reid, Ira de A. ((Africa and World Freedom)), Phylon, 4 : 8-12 Second Quarter, 1943 (Supplement). - Africa, Its Geography, People and Products. Girard, Kansas Haldeman-Julius Publications, 1930. pp. 64. - Africa, Its Place in Modern History. Girard, Kansas Haldeman-.Julius Publication, 1930, pp. 63. - ((African Roots of War)), The,Atlantic Monthly, 115 : 707-714, May, 1915. --- ((The Answer of Africa)), pp. 41-56, in : What is Civilization ?, by Maurice Masterlinck, Chan Gopal Mukerji and others (New York, 1926). - ((Black Africa Tomorrow)), Foreign Affairs, 17 : 100-110, Oct., 1938. - ((Britain's Negro Problem in Sierra Leone,), Current History, 21 : 690-700, Feb., 1925. - ((Colonies and Moral Responsibility)), Journal of Negro Edu- cation, 15 :311-318, Summer, 1946. --.- ((France's Black Citizens in. West Africa)), Current History, New York Times, 22 : 559-564, July, 1925. - ((The Future of Africa-A Platform)), pp. 28-30, in : Africa in (he World Democracy, Addresses Delivered at the Andual Meeting of the N.A.A .C.P., January 6, 1919. - a Hubbard of Liberia)), Crisis, 40 : 87, 91, April, 1933. -- « Inter-racial Implications of the Ethiopian Crisis )~, Foreign Affairs, 14 : 82-92, Oct., 1935. - ((Liberia and Rubber)), New Republic, 44 : 326-329, Nov. 18, 1925. - ((Little Portraits of Africa)), Crisis, 27 : 273-274, April, 1924 - « Primitive Black Men)), Nation, 119 : 675-676, Dec. 17, 1924. - ((Realities in Africa, European Profit or Negro Develop- ment ? » Foreign Affairs, 21 : 721-732, July, 1943. - a The Role of West Africa)), The Crescent, 34 : 10, Spring, 1950. - The World and Africa ; An Inquiry into the Part Which Africa Has Played in World History. New York : The Viking Press, 1947, pp. 276. ELLis, George Washington (1875-1919). ((Justice in the West African Jungle)), Independent, 67 : 1438-1444, Dec. 23, 1909. - The Leopard's Claw : a Thrilling Story of Love and Adventure From European Castle Through the West African Jungle, Disclosing a Deep Insight into the Quality and Spiritual Influences of African Social Institutions and Conditions, and Revealing a Profound Psychic Interpretation of African Inner Life, All Clustered About the Mysterious Function and Significance of

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the Leopard's Claw. New York : International Author's Asso- ciation, 1917, pp. 172 - Liberia in the Political Psychology of West Africa. Reprinted from the Journal of the African Society, 1912, pp. 52-70. Negro Culture in West Africa ; a Social Study of the Negro Group of Vai-speaking People,.With its own Invented Alphabet and Written Language Shown in Two Charts and Six Engravings of Vai Script, Twenty-six Illustrations of Their Arts and Lire, Fifty Folklore Stories, One Hundred and Fourteen Proverbs, and One Map. New York : The Neale Publishing Co.,,1914, pp. 290. - ((Political Institutions in Liberia)), American Political Science Review, 5 : 213-223, May, 1911. - EQUIANO, Olaudah (b. 1745). The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African. London : Printed for and sold by the Author, 1789, 2 v. FAUSET, Jessie Redmond. ((Dark Algiers, the White », Crisis, 29 : 255-258, April, 1925 ; 30 : 16-122, May, 1925. FERRIS, William Henry (b. 1873). The African Abroad ; or, His Evo- lution in Western Civilization, Tracing his Development Under Caucasian Milieu. New Haven, Conn. : The Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor Press, 1913, 2 v. FISHER, Miles Mark. « , The Colonizing Missionary)), Journal of Negro History, 7 : 380418, Oct., 1922. FISHER, Ruth Anna. Extracts From the Records of the African Companies. Washington, D. C. : The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, Inc. [c. 1930], pp. 108. in FISK University, Nashville. Inter-departmental Curriculum African Studies. Nashville, 1945, pp. 15. FLETCHER, T. Thomas Fortune. «Ethiopian Letter)), The Midwest Journal, 1 : 75-79, Winter, 1948. FORD, James W. (b. 1893). Imperialism Destroys the People of Africa. New York : Issued by the Harlem Section of the Communist Party, n.d., pp. 15. FORTUNE, Timothy Thomas (1856-1928). «The Nationalization of Africa », pp 199-204, in : Congress on Africa, Africa and the American Negro (Atlanta, 1896). FRAZIER, Edward Franklin (b. 1894). The Impact of Colonialism on African Socia Forms and Personality. Reprint from Stillman, Calvin, ed. Africa in the Modern World. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1955, pp. 70-96. GRAHAM, Lorenz B. How God Fix [sic] Jonah. New York : Reynal & Hitchcock [1946], pp. 171. GILBERT, John (b. 1864). <, The Southern Negro's Debt and Res- ponsibility to Africa)), pp. 124-133, in : Trawick, A. M., The New Voice to Race Adjustments (New York, 1914). HAMMOND, E. W. S. ((Africa in Its Relation to Christian Civiliza- tion », pp. 206-210, in : Congress on Africa, Africa and the Ameri- can Negro (Atlanta, 1896).

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HANCOCK, Gordon Blaine (b. 1884). (Three Elements of African Culture ;), Journal of Negro .History, 8 : 284-300, July, 1923. HANSBERRY, William Leo (b. 1894). ((Africa and the Western World)), The Midwest Journal, 7 : 129-155, Summer, 1955. - ((African Studies)), Phylon, 5 : 62-67, First Quarter, 1944. - ((The Material Culture of Ancient Nigeria)), Journal of Negro History, 6 : 261-295, July, 1921 . - « A Survey of Native Documentary Sources Available for the Study of Ancient Ethiopian History)), Howard University Studies in History, 2 : 21-41, May, 1925. HARGRAVE, Carrie Guerphan . African Primitive Life As I Saw It in Sierra Leone, British West Africa [Wilmington, N. C. : Presses of Wilmington Printing Co., 194-4], pp. 115. - Jean and Tom in Casablanca. New York : The Exposition Press, 1953, pp. 103. HAYNES, George Edmund (b. 1.880). Africa, Continent of the Future. New York : Association Press [1951], pp. 516. HEARD, William Henry (b. 1850). The Bright Side of African Life. Philadelphia : A. M. E. Publishing House, 1898, pp. 184. - The Missionary Fields of West Africa. Philadelphia : A. Al. E. Book Concern Printers, n. d., pp. 28. HOUSTON, Drusilla Dunjee (d. 1941). Wonderful Ethiopians of the Ancient Cushite Empire . Book 1. Nations of the Cushite Em- pire. Marvelous Facts From Authentic Records. Oklahoma City, Okla. : The Universal Publishing Co., 1926, pp. 274. HOWARD, William E. H. Public Administration in Ethiopia ; a Study in Retrospect and Prospect . New York : Gregory Lounz, 1956, pp. 204. HUGGINS, Willis Nathaniel and Jackson, John G. A, Guide to Studies in African History, Directive Lists for Schools and Clubs. New York : Federation of History Clubs [1934], pp. 98. - An Introduction to African Civilizations, With Main Currents in Ethiopian History. New York : Avon House, 1937, pp. 224. HUGHES, Langston (b . 1902). ((Ships, Sea and Africa. Random Impressions of a Sailor on His First Trip Down the West Coast of the Motherland)), Crisis, 27 : 69-71, Dec., 1923. HUNT, William H. ((Spider Spun Silk [Madagascar Spider]),, pp. 2-4, in : U. S. Dept . of Commerce and Labor, Daily Consular Reports, No. 2181, Feb. 21, 1905. HOUTON, William Alphaeus (b. 1903). Africa Fights for Freedom. With an Introduction by Eslanda Goode Robeson. New York New Century Publishers, 1950, pp. 15. - Decision in Africa. New York : International Publishers, 1957, pp. 255. ((Postscript - for Americans)), pp. 48-62, in : Resistance Against Fascist Enslavement in South Africa (New York : New Century, 1953). 1

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Africa. -- Stop-South Africa's Crimes . No Annexation of S. W. New York : Council on African Affairs, 1946, pp. 24. - «Upsurge in Africa),, Masses and Mainstream, 3 : 12-21, Feb. 1950. IMrs, William Lloyd (b. 1889). The Plunder of Ethiopia, by William Lloyd Imes and Liston IvI. Oak [New York : American League Against War and Fascism], n.d., pp. [12]. Ivy, James W. ((The Empire of Ghana)). Crisis . 64 : 210-213, April 1957. JACKSON, John G. Ethiopia and the Origin of Civilization. A Critical Reveiw of the Evidence of Archeology, Anthropology, History and Comparative Religion, According to the Most Reliable Sources and Authorities. New York : The Blyden Society, 1939, pp. 32. 40 JACKSON, J. H. ((My Voyage to Africa)), The Mission Herald. 3-7, Mar.-Apr., 1936 ; 40 : 9-12, 32-33, MayJune, 1946 ; 40 :5-8, 32-34, July-Aug., 1936 : 40 : 5-8, 30-31, Sept.-Oct., 1936. Bulletin, 14 JAMES, Adelaide F. « Chaka N, The Negro History 139-141, Mar., 1451. and JOHNSON, Edward Augustus (b. 1860). Adam vs. Ape-man Ethiopia. New York : J. J. Little and Ives Co., 1931, pp. 293. JOHNSON, Ernest E. ((The Liberian State Visit)), Crisis, 50 : 296-298, 312-314, Oct.. 194:1. James Weldon (1871-1938). << Africa at the Peace Table JOHNSON, », and the Descendants of Africans in Our American Democracy in : Africa in the World Democracy, Address Delivered pp . 13-23, York, at the Annual Meeting of the NAACP, Jan. 6, 1919 (New 1919). -- Africa in the World Democracy. Address Delivered at the of the National Association for the Advancement Annual Meeting York of Colored People, January 6, 1919, at Carnegie Hall, New Meyer Kallen and James Weldon Johnson, City, by Horace of With Introductory Remarks by John R. Shillady, Summary Address by Dr. William Henry Sheppand and a Statement on of Africa)) by W. E. B. Dubois. New York ((The Future People, National Association for the Advancement. of Colored 1919, pp. 30. - Native African Races and Culture. Charlottesville, Va. 119271, pp. 26. Magnolia (b. 1878). Stealing a Nation, a Brief JOHNSON, Kathryn Under Story of How Swaziland, a South African Kingdom, Came Control Without the Knowledge or Consent of its British 50. People. Chicago, Ill. : Pyramid Publishing Co., 1939, pp. African JORDAN, Lewis Garnet:t (1852-1939). Pebbles From an Beach. Philadelphia : The Lisle-Carey Press, 1918, pp. 73. Tenn. - tip the Ladder in -Foreign Missions. Nashville, National Baptist Publishing Board, 1901, pp . 263. James Franklin. Some Things We Saw While Abroad ; LANE, F. Lane a Visit to Europe, the Holy Land and Egypt, by J.

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and Mary Edna Lane. Boston : The Christopher Publishing House, 1941, pp. 224. LANE, Sara. ((African Textile Craftsmanship », Southern Workman, 57 : 262-267, July, 1928. - ((African Weapons and Tools)), Southern Workman, 58 353-360, Aug., 1929. - ((Some Musical- Instruments of the Primitive African », South- ern Workman, 56 : 552-556, Dec., 1927. LrrF, Canada. ' ((Africa and a New World A-Coming », Africa-Today and Tomorrow, pp. 14-15, April, 1945. LLOYD, Raymond Grann'(b. 1918). ((Contemporary Socio-Economic Change in Africa)), The Negro Educational Review, 9 : 4-22, .Jan., 1958. LOCKS, Alain Leroy (1886-1954). ((An African Art-Classic Style)), American Magazine of Art, 27 : 271-278, May, 1935. - ((Apropos of Africa)) . Opportunity, 2 : 37-40, 58, Feb., 1924. - ((Art Lessons From the Congo : Blondian Theatre Arts Collec- tion H, Survey, 57 : 587-589, Feb. 1, 1927. - (Art of the Ancestors », Survey. 53 : 673, Mar. 1, 1925. - ((The Black Watch on the Rhine)), Opportunity, 2 : 6-9, .Jan., 1924. (" Collection of Congo Art)), Arts Magazine, 2 : 60-70, Feb., 1927. - u The Colonial Literature of France)), Opportunity, 1 : 331-335, Nov. 1923. - <: Nana Amoah : An African Statesman)), The Survey, 55 435-436, Jan., 1926. - ((A Note on African Art)), African Art. Number, Opportunity, 2 : 134-138, May, 1924. - ((Understanding Through Art and Culture)), Africa-Today and Tomorrow, pp. 23, April, 1945. LOGAN, Rayford Whittingham (b. 1897). ((Abyssinia Breaks into the Movies)), Southern Workman, 58 : 337-344, Aug., 1929. - The African Mandates in World Politics. Washington Public Affairs Press, 1949, c. 1948, pp. 220. - ((Colonialism's Last Stronghold, Black Africa)), Nation; 171 608-610, Dec. 16, 1950. - ((The Egyptian Sudan, a Problem in International Relations)). Journal of Negro History, 16 : 371-381, Oct., 1931.' - ((The Eleko Case)), Southern Workman, 60 : 480-482, Nov., 1931 . - ((The Free World)), The Negro History Bulletin, 14 : 168, 162-167, April, 1951. - ((German Acquisition of Southwest Africa)), Journal of Negro History, 18 : 369-395, Oct., 1933. - (Liberia's Dilemma », :'Mission Herald, 36 : 12, 35-.-36, Sept.- Oct., 1933.

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- ((Smuts Speaks of Africa, 1917-1942 », Crisis, 50 : 264-267, 278-279, Sept., 1943. - ((Status of the African », Current History, 25 : 1-7, July, 1953. - ((West, or South Africa in East Africa)), Southern Workman, 58 : 481-489, Nov., 1929. - The Operation or the Mandate System in Africa, 1919-1927. Washington : The Foundation Publishers. 1942, pp. 50 ; Journal of Negro History, 13 : 423-477, Oct., 1928. - ((Some Impressions on Political Trends in French West Africa Africa News, 1 : 2-3, Feb., 1954. - ((Systems of International Trusteeship », 1946 Journal of Negro Education, 1.5 : 285-299, Summer, 1946. - ((Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territory)), in : Guzman, J.P. (ed.). 1952 Negro Yearbook (New York, 1952). MCCARROLL, Vernell. ((South West Africa : The World's Stepchild)), The Negro History Bulletin, 14 : 192, 186-189, May, 1951. MCPHEETERS, Alphonso. ((The Gold Coast Begins Self-Government)), Phylon, 18 : 35-41, First Quarter, 1957. MCSTALLWORTH, Paul. ((The Congolese and Self-Determination)), Journal of Negro History, 43 : 105-120, April, 1958. MASON, Madison Charles Butler (1859-1915). ((The Methodist Epis- copal Church and the Evangelization of Africa)), pp . 143-148, in : Congress on Africa, Africa and the American Negro (Atlanta, 1896). MEHLINGER, Louis Rothechild (b.1882). ((Attitude of the Free Negro Toward African Colonization)). Journal of Negro History, 1 : 276-301, .July, 1916. N. A. A. C. P. ((Africa and the World Democracy. A Report)), Crisis, 17 : 173-176, Feb., 1919. NESBIT, William. Four Months in Liberia ; or, African Colonization Exposed. Pittsburgh : Printed by J. T. Shryock, 1855, pp. 84 . NORRIS, John William. The Ethiopian's Place in History and His Contribution to the World's Civilization . The Negro - the Hamite the Stock, the Stems and the Branches of the Hamitic People . Baltimore : The Afro-American Co., 1916, pp. 60. OTHELLO . ((An Essay on Slavery)). American Museum, 4 : 412-415, 509-512, Nov.-Dec., 1788. PARKER, Georges Wells. The Children of the Sun. Omaha, Neraska : The Hamitic League of the World, 1918, pp. 31 . New PARKS, Henry Blanton (b. 1859). Africa : the Problem of the the Part. the African Methodist Episcopal Church Century, and is to Have in its Solution. The Queenstown Religious Industrial College. . . Wilberforce of the Dark Continent. . . A School for Africans, Founded and Supported by the Missionary Department of the A. M. E. Church. New York : Bible House, 1899, pp. 66. PATTERSON, Frederick Douglass (b. 1901). (Education in Nigeria)), Journal of Negro Education, 24 : 93-105, Spring, 1955.

392 PRESENCE AFRICAINE

PETERSON, Daniel H. The. Looking-Glass : Being a True Report; and Narrative of the Rev. Daniel H. Peterson, a. Colored - man, Embracing a Period of Time From the Year 1812 to 1854, and including His Visit . to Western Africa. New York. 1854, pp. 150. PHILLIPS, Hilton Alonzo (b. 1905). Liberia's Place in Africa's Sun. New York : The Hobson Book Press, 1946. pp. 156. POINDEXTER, Hildrus Augustus (b.1903). ((A Clinical and Laboratory Study of Leprosy in Liberia », International Journal of Leprosy, 19 : 395, 1951 . - ((Epidemiological Survey Among the Gala Tribe in Liberia », American Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2 : 30, 1953 . -- ((Experimental Animal Colony in West Africa)), Public Health Reports, 65 : 57, 1949. - ((A Laboratory Epidemiological Study of Certain Infectious Diseases in Liberia)), American Journal of Tropical aledicinc, 29 : 435, 1949. -- ((A Note on Leprosy in Liberian, International Journal of Leprosy, 18 : 369, 1950. - « Some Observations on the Peoples and Potentials of Vest African. Kingman Park News, pp. 4, May, 1953. - ((The United States Public Health Service Mission in Liberian, Journal of the National Medical Association, 42 : 275, 1950. PORTER, Dorothy (b. 1905), editor. A Catalogue of the African Collection in the Moorland Foundation, Howard University Library. Washington, D. C. : The Howard University Press, 1958, pp. 398. PUTNAM, Lewis H. A Review of Me Cause and the Tendency of the Issues Between the Two Sections of the Country, With a Plan to Consolidate the Views of the People of the United States in Favor of Emigration to Liberia, as the Initiative to the Efforts to Transform the Present System of Labor in the Southern States into a Free Agricultural Tenantry, by the Respective Legislatures With the Support of Congress to Make it a National Measure. Albany, N. Y. : NVeed Parsons & Co. 4859, pp. 29. RANKIN, James Warren (b. 1859). Mission Study Course ; Compiled as a Help for Students Studying for Missionary Work. New York : Missionary Dept., A. M. E- Church, 1915-1917. REDDICK, Lawrence Dunbar(b .1.910). ((Africa Speaks)), Opportunity, 20 : 205-205, July, 1942. -- ((Africa, Tests of the Atlantic Charter)), Crisis, 50 : 202-204, 217-218, July, 1943. ROBESON, Eslanda Goode (b.1896). ((Africa : No Longer 'The Dark Continent' ; the Cry of Freedom Rings Through Africa. Felix Eboue '.. the End of an Era ; Which Way for Africa ? n New World Review, 23 : 613-615, June, 1952. African Journey. New York : The John Day Co., [1.945], pp.154 . African Journey. London : Victor Gollancz, 1946, pp. 187.

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-- What Do the People of Africa Want ? New York : Council on African Affairs, 1945, pp. 23. ROBINSON, Hilyard R. ((An African Republic Approaches its Cen- tennial)), Crisis, 53 : 204-206, 222, July, 1946. ROBINSON, James H. «Awakening Africa)), Christian Century, 73 : 41-43, Jan., 11 ; 1956. -- ((Forces Changing African, Christian Century, 73 : 77-80, Jan. 18, 1956. - ((New Look at African Missions)), Christian Century, 73 111-113, Jan. 25, 1956. -- ((What Africa Asks of ITS)), Christian Century, 73 : 137-139, Feb. 1, 1956. ROBISON, Lois. Let's Go [Handbook for Missionary Study of Liberia] . Greenwich, Conn. : The Seabury Press, 1952, pp. 48. Roe.ERS, Joel Augustus (b.1880). « Color Prejudice in British African, Negro Digest, 1 : 75-78, Dec., 1940. - The Real Facts About Ethiopia. 3d. and en. ed. New York J. A. Rogers Publications, 1936, pp. 53. - World's Great Men of Color [3000 B. C. to 1946 A. D.] . New York : The Author, 1946, pp. 295. SCHUYLER, George Samuel (b. 18c,5). The Red Drive in the Colonies. New York : Catholic Information Society, 1947, pp. 15. - Slaves Today ; a Study of Liberia. New York : Brewer Warren & Putnam, 1931, pp. 290. SCOTT, Emmett Jay (1873-1957). ((The American Commissioners, in Liberian, Independent, 67 : 403-407, Aug. 19,19-09. Reprinted in Southern Workman, 38 : 556-561, Oct., 1909. - « Is Liberia Worth Saving ? n The Journal of Race Develop- nient, 1 . 277-301, Jan., 1911. SCOTT Isaiah Benjamin (b. 1854). Official Journal of the Liberia Annual Conference Held at Clay-Ashland, February 3-8, 191;9, Bishop Isaiah B. Scott President ; Rev. C. Alex. Lincoln, Secre- tary. , Liberia : College of West Africa Press, 1909, pp. 61. - ((To the Rescue of Liberian, Independent, 63 : 735-737, Sept. 26, 1907. ' SHEPPARD, William Henry (1865-1927). ((African Handicrafts and Superstitions)), Southern Workman, 50 : 401-408, Sept., 1921 . - ((Africans Work for Africa)), Missionary Review, 29 : 770-774, Oct., 1906. - ((The Bakuba Missions)), Southern. Workman, 33 : 408-411, July, 1904. - ((From the Bakuba Country », Southern Workman, 39 : 8-12, Jan., 1910. - « Light in Darkest. African, Southern Workman, 34 : 218-227, April, ,1905.

394 PRPSENCE AFRICAINE

- « The Story of the Girl Who Ate Her Mother and Other Stories )). pp. 120-128, in : Trawiek, A. M., The New Voice in Race Adjust- ments (New York, 1914). - ((Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow in Africa)), Southern Workman, 39 : 445-447, Aug., 1910. - A Young Hunter, a True Story of Central Africa (Louisville, Ky. : The Author], n.d., pp. 7. SIMPSON, Gloster and Moore, Archy. ((Liberia)), The African Repos- itory, 4i : 249-251, Oct.. 1832. SMITH, C. C. The Life and Work of Jacob Kenoly . Cincinnati Printed for the Author by Methodist Book Concern, 1912, pp. 160. - ((Sketch of the Life of Jacob Kenoly "", Missionary Review, 35 : 752-760, Oct., 1912. SMITH, Charles Spenser (1852-1923). Glimpses of Africa. West and Southwest. Coast, Containing the Author's Impressions and Observations During a Voyage of Six Thousand Miles from Sierra Leone to St. Paul de Loanda and Return, Including the Rio del Ray and Cameroons Rivers, and the Congo River, from its Mouth to Matadi. Nashville, Tenn. : Publishing House, A. M. E. Church Sunday School Union, 1895, pp. 288. - The Relation of the British Government to the Natives of South Africa. Address of Bishop C. S. Smith, Resident Bishop of the A. L11. E. Church in South Africa, 1904-1906, Delivred at, the Negro Young People's Christian and Educational Congress in Convention Hall, Washington, D. C., Wednesday, August 1, 1906, pp. 15. SMYTH, John Henry (1844-1908). ((The African in Africa and the African in American, pp. 69-83, in : Congress on Africa, Africa and the American Negro (Atlanta, 1896). SMYTHE, Hugh H, ((Events in Africa », Crisis, 62 : 162-165, Mar., 1955. - (< Human Relations in Nigeria : The Young Elite)), Journal of Human Relations, 6 : 54-73, Winter, 1958. - « Nigeria : African' Paradox)), Crisis, 65 : 17-20, Jan., 1958. - ((Report From Nigeria ; Independent in 1960 ? n Africa Today, pp. 10-16, Mar.-Apr., 1958. ` - « The Problem of National Leadership in Nigeria », Social Research, 25 : 215, Summer 1958. SNOWDEN, Frank 14. Rome and the Ethiopian Warrior, pp. 906-917. Reprinted from The Studies Presented to David Moore Robinson. A South Carolinian. ((Opinions of a Freeman of Colour in Charleston. I. A Brief Inquiry into the Propriety of the Free People of Colour _Migrating to Liberia, or Elsewhere)), The African Reposi- tory, 8 : 239-243, Oct., 1832. STAFFORD, Alphonso Orenzo (b.1871). Animal Fables From, the Dark Continent. New York : American Book Co., 1906 pp. 128. - - ((The Tarik 9 Soudan », Journal of Negro History, 2 : 139-146, April, 1917.

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STEWART, Thomas McCants (b.1853) . Code for the Justices of the Peace, 1907. Monrovia, Liberia : Printed by College of West African Press, 1907, pp. 65. - ((Commercial Laws of the Republic of Liberia)). pp. 15, in ; Commercial Laws of the World (German edition), R. V. Decker's Verlag, Berlin, 1910. - Laws and Regulations with Instructions to Customs, 1906. Offices. London : Printed by Henry Good & Son, 1906, pp. 73. - Liberia : the American-African Republic . Being Impressions of the Climate, Bessources, and People, Resulting from Personal Observations and Experiences in West Africa. New York E. O. Jenkins Sons. 1886, pp. 107. - ((The New International Diplomacy and Practice (Warning to Liberia) -, pp. 40-47, in : Second .Annual Aleeting of the Liberian National Bar Association in the Executive, Mansion, Alonrovia, February 5, 1908, Monrovia : ,College of West African Press, 1908. TALBOT, David Abner. (,The Anglo-Ethiopian Agreement)). A Commentary, The African, 3 : 8-9, 18, Dray-June, 1945. - Contemporary Ethiopia . New York : Philosophical Library, 1952, pp. 367. - ((Emperor Haile Selassie Moves Ahead)), The African, 3 8-9, 15, April, 1945. - ((Why African Nationalism )). The Afriean, 2 : 6-7, 13, Oct., 1943. TAYLOR, R. R. ((Looking Over Liberia)), Southern Workman, 59 122-131, Dtar., 1930. THomrsoN, Era Bell. Africa, Land of My Fathers. 1 st ed. Garden City, N. Y. : Doubleday, 1954, pp. 281 . - <, Opportunities in Africa)) . Ebony, 13 : 78-82, March., 1958. ((Why - Nkrumah Lives in a Castle o.. Ebony, 13 : 87-92, Feb., 1958. TOBIAS, Channing H. ((Max Yergan », Crisis, 40 : 155, 166, July, 1933. TOLSON, Melvin Beaunorus. Libretto For. the Republic of Liberia. New York : Twayne Publishers, 1953, pp. 53. TURNER, Henry McNeal (1834-1915). ((The American Negro and His Fatherland)), pp. 195-198, in : Congress on Africa, Africa and the American Negro (Atlanta, 1896). TURNER, Lorenzo Dow. Africanisms in the Gullah Dialect [Chicago] I'niversity of Chicago Press [19491, pp. 317. - ((The Odyssey of a Zuln Warrior »; Journal of Negro History, 40 : 305-313, Oct., 1955. - ((Some Contacts of Brazilian Ex-Slaves with Nigeria, West Africa)), Journal of Negro History, 27 : 55-67, .Jan., 1942. TURNER, Walter Lee. Under the Skin of the Africans. 2nd ed. rev. and enl. Birminghan, Ala. ,: African Musicians, 1948, pp. 337.

396 PR1 SENCE AFRICAINE

UNDERHILL, Irvin Windfield (b. 1868). ((The Borderland in Africa », Crisis, 38 : 98-99, Mar., 1931 . WALKER, Thomas Hamilton Beb (b. 1873). History of Liberia. Boston : Cornhill Pub. Co., 1921, pp. 175. - The Presidents of Liberia . A Biographical Sketch for Students, Containing the Biographies of the Presidents and Some of the Leaders in the Making of the Republic . Jackson- ville, Fla. : Mint.z Printing Co., 1915, pp. 96. WALTON, Lester Agar (b,1.881). Education. Commencement Address Delivered by Bon. Lester A. Walton, American Minister to Liberia. To the Xlembers of the Graduating Class of Liberia College, Monrovia, November 30, 1938. Monrovia, Liberia The Weekly Mirror Printing Office (19381, pp. 19. - Remarks of the Hon. Lester A. Walton, American Minister to Liberia, at the Cornestone Laying of the American Legation, Monrovia, Liberia, December 24, 1939. Monrovia, Liberia The Lone Star Publishing Co., 1940, pp. 3: WASHINGTON, Booker Taliaferro (1859 ?-1915). ((The Future of Congo Reform)), The Congo News Letter (Boston), pp. 9-10, Aug., 1.906. - ,( Industrial Education in Africa)), Independent, 60 : 616-619, Mar. 15, 1906 . WATKINS, Mark Hanna (b. 1.903). A Grammar of Chichewa ; a Bantu Language of British Central Africa. Philadelphia Linguistic Society of America, Univ. of Pennsylvania, 1937, .pp. 158. - ((The Fisk University Program of African Studies)), pp. 7-10, in : 1"isk University. Inter-departmental Curriculum in African Studies (Nashville, 1945). - ((The West African `Bush' School)), The American Journal of Sociology, 48 : 666-675, May, 1943. WEsi.EY, Charles Harris (b. 1891). The Struggle of Haiti and Liberia for Recognition, Journal of Negro History, 2 : 369-383, Oct., 1917. ((The Zulu Singers in London)), Crisis, 38 : 24-26, Jan., 1931 . WEST, .John B. United States Health Missions in Liberia. Washing- ton D.C. : Government Printing Office, 1948, pp. 14. WILLIAMS, Chancellor . ((Some Current Problems in African Edu- cation)), Journal of Negro Education, 24 : 16-24, Winter, 1955 WILLIAMS, Charles H. ((Darkest Africa at a Century of Progress)), Southern Workman, 42 : 429-437, Nov., 1933. WILLIAMS, George Washington (1849-1891). History of the Negro Race in America from 1619 to 1880. Negroes as Slaves, as Soldiers, and as Citizens . Together With a Preliminary Consi- deration of the Unity of the Human Family, an Historical Sketch of Africa and an Account of the Negro Governments of Sierra Leone and- Liberia. New York and London : G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1882, 2 v.

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WILLIAMS, Samuel. Four Years in Liberia. A Sketch of the Life of Rev. Samuel Williams . With Remarks in the Mission, Manners and Customs of the Natives of Western Africa. To- gether with an Answer to Nesbit's Book. Philadelphia : King & Baird, 1857, pp. 66. Mission- WILLIAMS, Mrs. Walter B. ((House by a West African Road)), ary Review, 49 : 874-877, Nov., 1926. WILLIAMS, Walter B. ((Miracle Wrought in West Africa, Social Service in the Nanakru Mission, Liberia ». ~41ISStonary Review . 49 : 683-686, Sept., 1926. WILLIAMS, Wilson Elbe. ((Africa and the Rise of = Capitalism,), pp. 149, in :Howard University Studies in the Social Sciences, 1938. WOODSON, Carter Godwin (1875-1950). The African Background outlined ; or Handbook for the Study of the Negro. Washington D.C. : The Association for the Study of Negro life and History, Inc., 1936, pp. 487. - African Heroes and Heroines. Washington, D.C. : The Associated Publishers, Inc., 1939, pp. 249. African Myths, Together With Proverbs . Washington, - . D.C. : The Associated Publishers, Inc., 1928, pp. 184 - (Egypt ,), The Negro History Bulletin, 13 : 39-45, Nov., 19-19. - , French West Africa)), The Negro History Bulletin, 13 : 108- 116, Feb., 1950 ; 13 :129-132,134-139, Mar., 1950. I. Its WORK, Monroe Nathan (1866-1945). ((African Agriculture. Origin and Early History)), Southern Workman, 39 : 613-618, Nov., 1910. - ((African Agriculture. II. Products and Methods of Tillage », Southern Workman, 39 : 681-687, Dec., 1910 -- ((African Agriculture. III. Modern Methods)). Southern Workman, 40 : 37-42, Jan., 1911. - ((African Agriculture. IV. Agricultural Education)), Southern Workman, 40 : 79-87; Feb., 1911 . a African Family as an Institution. I. The Social impor- - The 343-353, tance of the African Family)), Southern Workman, 38 : June, 1909. - African Family as an Institution. It. The Composi- ((The 391-397, tion of the African Family)), Southern Workman, 38 : July, 1909. - African Family as an Institution. III. The Inner Life ((The 433-440, Aug., of the African Family)), Southern Workman, 38 : 1909. - ((An African System of Writing [Vai Language] », Southern Workman, 37 : 518-526, Oct. . 1908. America. New - A Bibliography of the Negro in Africa and York : The fl. W. Wilson Company, 1928, pp. 698. and Some Parallelisms in the Development of Africans Other Races. Part I ». :Southern Workman, 35 : 614-621, Nov., 1906 ; 36 : 106-111, Mar., 1907.

398 PR$SENCE AFRICAINE

- ((A South African Red Riding Hood ». Crisis, 14 : 287, Oct., 1917. - ((The Work of the Native Affairs Commission)), South African Outlook, 52 : 116-118, May, 1922. WRIGHT, Charlotte Crogman. Beneath the Southern Cross. The Story of an American Bishop's Wife in South Africa. New York The Exposition Press, 1955, pp. 184. - ((A Scarcity of Physicians in South Africa)), Opportunity, 17 : 172-174, June, 1939. WRIGHT, Richard (b. 1909). Black Power ; a Record of Reactions in a Land of Pathos [1st ed.]. New York : Harper [1954], pp . 358. - Puissance Noire. Traduit de 1'Amt;ricain par Roger Giroux (Translation of Black Power). Paris : Correa, Buchet Chaste], 1955, pp. 400. - White Man, Listen I New York : Doubleday & Co., Inc. 1957, pp. 190. WRIGHT, Jr., Richard Robert (b. 1878). ((African Bishop in Africa ; Story of a Missionary's Journey)), Missionary Review, 60 : 589-591, Dec., 1937. - (Wilberforce in South Africa -Forty Years Missionary Work of the A. M. E. Church)), Opportunity, 15 : 306-310, Oct., 1937. WRIGHT, Sr., Richard Robert (1855-1947). ((The Four Freedoms in -Africa)), pp. 161-163, in : Radio Speeches of Major R. R . Wright, Sr. Compiled by his daughter Harriet Beecher Stowe Wright Lemon. (Philadelphia : 1950). - ((South Africa Has its Own Color Lines)). Opportunity, 17 : 1.38-141, 158-159, May, 1939. YANCY, Ernest Jerome . Historical Lights of Liberia's Yesterday and Today [Xenia., Ohio ; The Aldine Publishing Co., 1934], pp. 323. - The Recent Liberian Crisis and Its Causes ; an Address Deliver- ed at Buffalo, New York, August 12 and 14, 1934 Under the Auspices of the Buffalo Liberian Research Society, 1934, pp. 12. YERGAA, Max (b . 1894). ((Africa and the United Nations u, A. M.E. Zion Quarterly Review, 53 : 34-38, July, 1944. - Africa in the War. New York : Council on African Affairs, n.d., pp. 8. - Africa the West and Christianity . For Distribution to the General Committee of the World Student Federation. Myrose, India, Dec. 5-16, 1928, pp. 50. - ((African : Next Goal of Communists ; Interview)), U.S. News and World Report, 34 : 52-63, May 1, 1953. - ((African Youth of Tomorrow)), Missionary Review, 52 : 186- 195, Mar 29, 1929. -- Christian Students and Modern South Africa, Report to First Conference Dealing With Problems in South Africa, 1930. - (x The Future of Africa)), New Masses, 51 :10-12, April 18, 1944.

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- Gold and Poverty in South Africa ; a Study of Economic Organization and Standards of Living. The Hague, New York, International Industrial Relations Institute, With the co-opera- tion of the International Committee on African Affairs, 19:38, pp. 24. - ((A Message From South Africa », in : The Jerusalem Meeting of the International ?Missionary Council, Jlcrch 24 - April 8, 1928 (New York, London : International Missionary Council, 1928). - ((Race Currents and Conditions in South Africa. Part I ». Southern Workman, 56 : 109-112, Mar., 1927 ; Part II - 56 209-212, May, 1927. - ((The Status of the Natives in South Africa », Journal of Negro. History, 24 : 44-56, Jan., 1939. - A Year With the Fingo, the Pondo, the Tembu and the Once Warlike Zulus of Africa. Leaflet.