DOCSLIB.ORG

Assessment of Business-To-Business (B2B) E-Marketplaces' Performance

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Assessment of Business-To-Business (B2B) E-Marketplaces' Performance 2007:22 DOCTORAL T H E SI S Assessment of Business-to-Business (B2B) e-Marketplaces’ Performance Anne Engström Esmail Salehi-Sangari Luleå University of Technology Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences Industrial Marketing & e-Commerce Research Group 2007:22|: 02-544|: - -- 07⁄22 -- Assessment of Business-to-Business (B2B) e-Marketplaces’ Performance Anne Engström Esmail Salehi-Sangari Luleå University of Technology Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences Industrial Marketing & e-Commerce Research Group 2007 ABSTRACT Electronic marketplaces (e-marketplaces) are new business venues for buying, selling, and supporting customers, products, and services in many industries. The emergence of business-to-business (B2B) e-marketplaces has opened up opportunities for efficient online transactions between firms. While large capital investments were made in numerous B2B e-marketplace initiatives, a significant number of these firms ended up going bankrupt. Today, many e-marketplaces are still struggling to survive and are trying to understand the characteristics of viable business models and strategies for becoming successful. Research within this field is scarce and provides only fragmented insights into the area. Thus, the research problem of this thesis was designed to investigate holistically how the business performance of a B2B e-marketplace can be analyzed. Based on literature review and a pilot study, four research questions were developed and a theoretical framework was then created. A qualitative research approach, investigating six B2B e-marketplaces in Europe and the US, was adopted. Results from this study indicate that differences exist between B2B e- marketplaces in several aspects of their strategic position; thus, the existing taxonomy of B2B e-marketplaces can be questioned. Findings also indicate that several factors can determine the success and/or the failure of B2B e- marketplaces. Having technological expertise and a critical mass of companies trading through the e-marketplace are crucial to the e-marketplace’s success. Results also suggest that the common challenges facing B2B e-marketplaces are business related, rather than technically oriented. Major challenges e-marketplaces have to address to perform successfully include, for example, creating liquidity and keeping a balance between the diverse interests of stakeholders. Concerning the critical impact business model components have on the success and/or failure of B2B e-marketplaces, it could be concluded that the companies’ internal capabilities and assets, in particular, as well as their cost and revenue model, have an important role to play. Finally, the outcome of the study shows it may be possible to utilize the emerged frame of reference as a foundation to understand B2B e-marketplaces holistically. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis has benefited from the financial support of the European Union Structural Funds, Innovationsbron Luleå AB, Luleå University of Technology, Längmanska Företagarfonden, Nordbankens Norrlandsstiftelse, Norrbottens forskningsråd and Sparbanksstiftelsen Norrbotten. Although the two of us conducted the actual study and wrote this thesis, many people have contributed to its completion, and we would like to express our gratitude to all of them. First of all, we thank our supervisor, Professor Leyland Pitt, for his guidance, support and constructive comments. We also thank Professor Deon Nel who ran our final preparation seminar and gave us valuable feedback for the improvement of the thesis, and Professor Tawfik Jelassi for his insightful suggestions during the initial phase of this research. We are also grateful to all our colleagues at the division for their valuable thoughts and comments. A very special thanks goes to Peter Lageson, who generously helped us to get in touch with relevant industry people. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to all respondents at the investigated B2B e-marketplaces, and to the experts in the field, who made themselves available for interviews and provided us with indispensable information and insights. Luleå, April 2007 Anne Engström and Esmail Salehi-Sangari On a personal level, my deepest thanks goes to my family, Eilert, Emelie, Frida, Tomas and Linnea for their support and understanding during the process of writing. Anne I would like to thank my family, Sila, Ali and Amir for their support and for not asking why I’m doing this again…… Esmail TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND PROBLEM AREA ................................ 1 1.1 Introduction............................................................................................1 1.1.1 e-Commerce and e-Business 1 1.1.2 B2B e-Commerce 3 1.1.3 e-Marketplaces 5 1.2 Problem Area .........................................................................................9 1.3 Outline of the Study.............................................................................10 CHAPTER TWO: OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE..................................................13 2.1 Introduction..........................................................................................13 2.2 B2B e-marketplace Characteristics, Roles and Benefits ..................14 2.3 Value Creation through B2B e-Marketplaces...................................32 2.4 Business Model and Business Strategy ..............................................43 2.4.1 What Distinguishes “Strategy” from “Business Model”? 44 2.4.2 Business Strategy 45 2.4.3 Business Model Definition and Components 46 2.4.4 e-Marketplace Business Models 56 2.5 B2B e-Marketplace Challenges...........................................................61 2.6 B2B e-Marketplace Success and Failure ...........................................65 2.6.1 Defining and Measuring Success of e-Marketplaces 65 2.6.2 Critical Success Factors 66 2.6.3 Critical Failure Factors 72 2.7 Evolution of e-Marketplaces and Trends ..........................................75 2.8 Summary...............................................................................................78 CHAPTER THREE: PROBLEM DISCUSSION,RESEARCH PROBLEM,RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK.….…..…..79 3.1 Introduction..........................................................................................79 3.2 Problem Discussion and Research Problem......................................79 3.2.1 Pilot Study 81 3.2.2 Research Questions 88 3.2.3 Delimitations 92 3.3 Conceptual Framework.......................................................................92 3.3.1 Strategic Position 94 3.3.2 Critical Success/Failure Factors 96 3.3.3 Challenges 98 3.3.4 Business Model Components 98 3.3.5 Environment 100 3.4 Summary.............................................................................................100 CHAPTER FOUR: METHODOLOGY..................................................................101 4.1 Introduction........................................................................................101 4.2 Research Purpose...............................................................................102 4.3 Research Approach............................................................................103 4.4 Research Paradigm............................................................................104 4.5 Research Strategy ..............................................................................106 4.5.1 Case Study Design and Unit of Analysis 107 4.6 Research Methods..............................................................................108 4.6.1 Literature Review 108 4.6.2 Case Selection 109 4.6.3 Data Collection Methods 110 4.6.4 Presentation and Analysis of Empirical Findings 112 4.7 Quality Criteria..................................................................................115 4.8 Summary.............................................................................................116 CHAPTER FIVE: EMPIRICAL DATA PRESENTATION ......................................117 5.1 Introduction........................................................................................117 5.2 Company A.........................................................................................118 5.2.1 The Company 118 5.2.2 Strategic Position 118 5.2.3 Critical Success/Failure Factors 123 5.2.4 Challenges 125 5.2.5 Business Model Components 127 5.2.6 Environmental Factors 130 5.2.7 Emerging Trends 131 5.2.8 Summary 132 5.3 Company B.........................................................................................135 5.3.1 The Company 135 5.3.2 Strategic Position 135 5.3.3 Critical Success/Failure Factors 140 5.3.4 Challenges 141 5.3.5 Business Model Components 142 5.3.6 Environmental Factors 145 5.3.7 Emerging Trends 145 5.3.8 Summary 146 5.4 Company C.........................................................................................149 5.4.1 The Company 149 5.4.2 Strategic Position 149 5.4.3 Critical Success/Failure Factors 154 5.4.4 Challenges 155 5.4.5 Business Model Components 155 5.4.6 Environmental Factors 158 5.4.7 Emerging Trends 158 5.4.8 Summary 158 5.5 Company D.........................................................................................161 5.5.1 The Company 161 5.5.2 Strategic Position 161 5.5.3 Critical Success/Failure Factors 163 5.5.4 Challenges 166 5.5.5 Business Model Components 167 5.5.6 Environmental Factors 169 5.5.7 Emerging Trends 169 5.5.8 Summary 170 5.6 Company E.........................................................................................173
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Internet Economy 25 Years After .Com
    THE INTERNET ECONOMY 25 YEARS AFTER .COM TRANSFORMING COMMERCE & LIFE March 2010 25Robert D. Atkinson, Stephen J. Ezell, Scott M. Andes, Daniel D. Castro, and Richard Bennett THE INTERNET ECONOMY 25 YEARS AFTER .COM TRANSFORMING COMMERCE & LIFE March 2010 Robert D. Atkinson, Stephen J. Ezell, Scott M. Andes, Daniel D. Castro, and Richard Bennett The Information Technology & Innovation Foundation I Ac KNOW L EDGEMEN T S The authors would like to thank the following individuals for providing input to the report: Monique Martineau, Lisa Mendelow, and Stephen Norton. Any errors or omissions are the authors’ alone. ABOUT THE AUTHORS Dr. Robert D. Atkinson is President of the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Stephen J. Ezell is a Senior Analyst at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Scott M. Andes is a Research Analyst at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Daniel D. Castro is a Senior Analyst at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Richard Bennett is a Research Fellow at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. ABOUT THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FOUNDATION The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF) is a Washington, DC-based think tank at the cutting edge of designing innovation policies and exploring how advances in technology will create new economic opportunities to improve the quality of life. Non-profit, and non-partisan, we offer pragmatic ideas that break free of economic philosophies born in eras long before the first punch card computer and well before the rise of modern China and pervasive globalization. ITIF, founded in 2006, is dedicated to conceiving and promoting the new ways of thinking about technology-driven productivity, competitiveness, and globalization that the 21st century demands.
    [Show full text]
  • View Annual Report
    To Our Stockholders, Partners, Employees and the eBay Community: A year in review 1999 was a historic year for eBay, ®lled with astonishing growth and rapid change. We began the year with 2.2 million users, a vibrant community about the size of Portland, Oregon and ended the year with over 10 million con®rmed registered usersÐmore than Michigan, the eighth largest state in the country. And that phenomenal growth re¯ected itself in every measure of our business: the number of items listed in 1999 totaled 129.6 million compared to 33.7 million in 1998. In the fourth quarter of 1999, every two tenths of a second, someone, somewhere was listing an item for sale on eBay Ð that translates to $113 dollars of gross merchandise sales per second. And, most impressive, gross merchandise sales grew an astounding 276 percent from $745 million in 1998 to $2.8 billion in 1999. During 1999, our users generated more economic activity on eBay than on any other consumer e-commerce site. Underlying this strength is the incredible popularity of the site. In 1999, eBay became one of the most recognizable Internet brands around the world, with numerous mentions in the media, business press and television. eBay was featured in such high pro®le publications as Forbes, the Washington Post and Time Magazine. In Time magazine, eBay was voted number one in their ``Best of 1999'' in the Cybertech area. eBay also continues to be mentioned on television shows including ``Who Wants to be a Millionaire?'', ``The Simpsons'', ``The Tonight Show'', ``Suddenly Susan'', ``Sports Night'' and of course, ``David Letterman's Top Ten List''.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 65, No. 199/Friday, October 13, 2000/Notices
    60960 Federal Register / Vol. 65, No. 199 / Friday, October 13, 2000 / Notices Transaction No. Acquiring Acquired Entities 20004365 .......... Marubeni Corporation ...................... PLM International Inc ....................... PLM International, Inc. 20004366 .......... Intel Corporation .............................. Trillium Digital Systems, Inc ............ Trillium Digital Systems, Inc. 20004369 .......... Andrea L. Cunningham .................... Incepta Group Plc ............................ Incepta Group Plc. 20004370 .......... Incepta Group Plc ............................ Andrea L. Cunningham .................... Cunningham Communications, Inc. 20004371 .......... Insilco Holding Co ............................ Dale Fleming .................................... Precision Cable Manufacturing Corporation. 20004372 .......... American Reprographics Holdings, The Sandpoint Charitable Trust ...... Wilco Reprographics, Inc. L.L.C. 20004378 .......... James L. Barksdale ......................... Webvan Group, Inc .......................... Webvan Group, Inc. 20004380 .......... Kan S. Bajaj ..................................... Commerce One, Inc ........................ Commerce One, Inc. 20004382 .......... Sapa AB ........................................... Anodizing, Inc .................................. Anodizing, Inc. 20004421 .......... Reuters Group PLC ......................... The RiskMetrics Group, Inc ............. The RiskMetrics Group, Inc. Transactions Granted Early TerminationÐ08/17/2000 20002951 .......... Healtheon/WebMD
    [Show full text]
  • Amy Liu, Et Al. V. Credit Suisse First Boston Corp., Et Al. 03-CV-20459
    ; fL V ~ UNITED STATES DISTRICT COUR ~ 2 0 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF FLORID A Case No. CIV - MARTINE Z AMY LIU on behalf of herself and all others similarly situated, Plaintiff, vs. CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON CORPORATION, CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON, INCORPORATED, CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON-USA, CREDIT SUISSE FIRST BOSTON, CREDIT SUISSE GROUP, FRANK QUATTRONE, GEORGE BOUTROS, WILLIAM BRADY, JOHN M . HENNESSY, ALLEN D . WHEAT, RICHARD THORNBURGH, CHARLES WARD, DAVID A . DENUNZIO, EDWARD COMPLAINT-CLA§S,AGTION NADEL, JOHN HODGE, JACK TEJAVANIJA, JURY TRIAL DEMANDED AIRSPAN NETWORKS, INC ., ERIC D. STONESTROM, JOSEPH J . CAFFARELLI, AT ROAD, INC., KRISH PANU, THOMAS C. HOSTER, OCCAM NETWORKS INC . (formerly "ACCELERATED NETWORKS, INC ."), SURESH NIHALANI, FREDERIC T . BOYER, AVANTGO, INC., RICHARD OWEN, DAVID B . COOPER, JR ., AUTOWEB .COM, INC. (AUTOBYTEL, real party in interest), DEAN A . DEBIASE, SAMUEL M. HEDGPETH III, BSQUARE CORP ., WILLIAM T . BAXTER, BRIAN V. TURNER, BLUE COAT SYSTEMS, INC . (formerly "CACHEFLOW, INC."), BRIAN M. NESMITH, MICHAEL J. JOHNSON, CLARENT CORP. (VERSO TECHNOLOGIES, INC., real party in interest), JERRY SHAW-YAU CHANG, RICHARD J . HEAPS, COMMERCE ONE, INC., MARK B . HOFFMAN, PETER F . PERVERE, CORILLIAN CORP ., TED F. SPOONER, STEVEN SIPOWICZ, CENTILLIUM COMMUNICATIONS, INC., FARAJ AALAEI, JOHN W . LUHTALA, DIGITAL IMPACT, INC ., WILLIAM C. PARK, DAVID OPPENHEIMER, E MACHINES, INC ., \ yV-v STEPHEN A. DUKKER, STEVEN H . MILLER, EFFICIENT NETWORKS, INC., MARK A. FLOYD, JILL S . MANNING, E.PIPHANY, INC ., ROGER S . SIBONI, KEVIN J. YEAMAN, EVOLVE SOFTWARE, INC., JOHN P. BANTLEMAN, DOUGLAS S . SINCLAIR, HANDSPRING, INC., DONNA L. DUBINSKY, BERNARD J . WHITNEY, IMPROVENET, INC ., RONALD B. COOPER, RICHARD G.
    [Show full text]
  • THE LICRA V. Yahoo! CASE and the REGULATION of ONLINE CONTENT in the WORLD MARKET
    A RETURN TO LILIPUT: THE LICRA v. YAHoo! CASE AND THE REGULATION OF ONLINE CONTENT IN THE WORLD MARKET By Marc H. Greenberj ABSTRACT Over the past three years, a see saw battle has raged in Paris, France and in the heart of Silicon Valley in Santa Clara County, California, over the regulation of content on the Internet. The arena for this battle is the case of LICRA v. Yahoo!, which pits two non-profit human rights groups in France against giant Internet search engine and information portal Yahoo!, Inc. ("Yahoo"). The issues are (1) whether Yahoo may be prosecuted in France under French law for maintaining both auction sites that sell Nazi-related items and information sites promoting Nazi doctrine and (2) whether U.S. courts should enforce the resulting judgment. The first section of this Article presents the laws governing Internet content providers and the jurisdictional regime that gave rise to this see saw battle. The second section examines a series of court proceedings. The first two proceedings in France in 2000 resulted in a French court order directing Yahoo to add geo-location filtering software to its servers in Santa Clara. The subsequent California district court litigation filed in 2001 resulted in summary judgment for Yahoo. This judgment is on appeal. The third and final section explores the global implications of the French and U.S. proceedings. The section concludes that the international community should restructure certain principles governing international jurisdiction in Internet cases and adopt shared guidelines on online content available to the world market. These changes would promote the principle of international comity while allowing the Internet to retain most of its unique, borderless nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Why the Survivors Survived: Examining The
    WHY THE SURVIVORS SURVIVED: EXAMINING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ONLINE COMPANIES DURING THE DOT-COM ERA By Peyton Elizabeth Purcell Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Departmental Honors in the Department of Finance Texas Christian University Fort Worth, Texas May 7, 2018 ii WHY THE SURVIVORS SURVIVED: EXAMINING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ONLINE COMPANIES DURING THE DOT-COM ERA Project Approved: Supervising Professor: Dr. Paul Irvine, Ph.D. Department of Finance Cheryl Carithers, M.A. Department of English iii ABSTRACT This paper examines the dot-com bubble and the characteristics that enabled certain online companies to survive the crash in March of 2000. The purpose of the study was to examine financial data to understand what enabled certain companies to survive the dot- com bubble, while other companies with seemingly similar characteristics did not. The past few years sparked debate amongst investors on whether or not another bubble formed among technology companies such as Facebook, Amazon, Tesla, and Netflix. Currently, the world is in the middle of a technology boom. Investors care about the future success of technology companies that have a lot of promise baked into their stock price. My thesis attempts to examine the dot-com bubble that “burst” in March of 2000 and the companies that were able to withstand the crash until 2005. My results reveal a few conclusions about the companies in the dot-com era including (1) companies with negative earnings had a lower chance of survival; (2) companies with “.com” had a lower chance of survival; (3) companies with more volatile stock prices had a lower chance of survival; (4) companies that had higher advertising expenses had a lower chance of survival; (5) companies with higher shares outstanding had a higher chance of survival and; and (6) companies with pure online operations had a lower chance of survival.
    [Show full text]
  • The Licra V. Yahoo! Case and the Regulation of Online Content in the World Market
    Golden Gate University School of Law GGU Law Digital Commons Publications Faculty Scholarship 2003 A Return to Lilliput: The ICL RA .v Yahoo! Case and the Regulation of Online Content in the World Market Marc Greenberg Golden Gate University School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/pubs Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation 18 Berkeley Tech. L. J. 1191 (2003) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at GGU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of GGU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A RETURN TO LILLIPUT: THE LICRA V. YAHOO! CASE AND THE REGULATION OF ONLINE CONTENT IN THE WORLD MARKET By Marc H. Greenberg ABSTRACT Over the past three years, a see saw battle has raged in Paris, France and in the heart of Silicon Valley in Santa Clara County, California, over the regulation of content on the Internet. The arena for this battle is the case of LICRA v. Yahoo!, which pits two non-profit human rights groups in France against giant Internet search engine and information portal Yahoo!, Inc. ("Yahoo"). The issues are (1) whether Yahoo may be prosecuted in France under French law for maintaining both auction sites that sell Nazi-related items and information sites promoting Nazi doctrine and (2) whether U.S. courts should enforce the resulting judgment. The first section of this Article presents the laws governing Internet content providers and the jurisdictional regime that gave rise to this see saw battle.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Digital Equality the U.S
    Towards Digital eQuality The U.S. Government Working Group on Electronic Commerce 2nd Annual Report, 1999 Foreword On that sunny, but cold January day when we took office nearly seven years ago, few could have foreseen the economic revival we have experienced. Fewer still would have predicted that this month we would be celebrating the creation of the 20 millionth new job. A central ingredient in our Nation’s virtuous cycle of economic reform has been the increased application of information technology to all facets of our business cycle from research and development to manufacturing, sales and marketing. All told, information technology has been responsible for about one third of real economic growth in the past few years. Our Administration has seen the birth and evolution of electronic commerce as a major factor in our economy and our lives. When we took office there were only 1.3 million computers connected to the Internet on a worldwide basis; today there are 56.2 million. (1) Seven years ago there were fewer than five million Americans using the Internet; today that number exceeds 100 million. (2) When we created the Electronic Commerce Working Group a mere three years ago the amount of commerce conducted over the Internet totaled less than $10 billion; now it is projected to exceed $1 trillion in the next few years. This transformation has been led by the private sector, but increasingly government policies and attitudes towards e-commerce have played an indispensable role in shaping the outcomes. Over the last few years, electronic commerce has become synonymous with the explosion of methods and applications of information technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Iraq Delivers Weapons Report
    SJMN Operator: NN / Job name: XXXX0523-0001 / Description: Zone:MO Edition: Revised, date and time: 04/26/75, 11:23 Typeset, date and time: 12/08/02, 00:12 1208021MOA0A001 / Typesetter: IIIOUT / TCP: #1 / Queue entry: #0399 CYAN MAGENTA YELLOW BLACK 12/8/2002 MOA1FC SPORTS | GIANTS SIGN TWO, KEEP OPTIONS OPEN ON KENT | PAGE 1C RAY DURHAM, MARQUIS GRISSOM JOIN TEAM SECOND BASEMAN KENT OFFERED SALARY ARBITRATION Sunday ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT L.A. ARTISTS GO BEYOND TRAVEL giving ❤ SPECIAL 16-PAGE SECTION COOL FIVE IDEAS FOR CHRISTMAS, Vision, sincerity on display CALIFORNIA-STYLE Philanthropy in Silicon Valley at San Jose Museum of Art PAGE 1H BEHIND THE BUSINESS SECTION PAGE 1E $1.00 | FINAL EDITION | DECEMBER 8, 2002 | SUNDAY FC . WWW.BAYAREA.COM SERVING NORTHERN CALIFORNIA SINCE 1851 THE NEWSPAPER OF SILICON VALLEY THE INSIDERS Iraq delivers , weapons RICH MAN report 12,000-PAGE DOCUMENT ISSUED WITH A THREAT Mercury News Wire Services BAGHDAD, Iraq — Iraqi President POOR COMPANY Saddam Hussein made a grand ges- ture of cooperation with the United HOW SOME SILICON VALLEY EXECUTIVES MADE FORTUNES Nations on Saturday, turning over a 12,000-page inventory of materials he possesses that could be used for WHILE THE VALUE OF THEIR COMPANIES PLUNGED weapons, but he then turned his open hand into a fist. Iraqi officials said the released doc- (AND IT’S ALL PERFECTLY LEGAL) uments confirmed, in rebuttal of U.S. and British claims, that Saddam Hus- sein’s government had no weapons of FOUR WINNERS mass destruction and no current pro- A Mercury News analysis shows insiders at 40 companies took home AND THEIR LOSERS grams to develop them.
    [Show full text]
  • Patent Activity in Bankrupt Technology Firms: an Empirical and Case-Based Study
    Patent Activity in Bankrupt Technology Firms: An Empirical and Case-Based Study Grant E. Moss Emory University, Goizueta Business School Masters of Business Administration Candidate June 1, 2010 Turnaround Management Association, 2010 Carl Marks Student Paper Competition Abstract: Intellectual property is a considerably valuable asset for technology companies, but managers often do not fully appreciate and extract value from those assets. In order to determine the perceived value of patents in the context of bankrupt technology firms, I analyzed the patent portfolios of 100 firms with the purpose of developing a better understanding of the management of intellectual property in times of distress. The result is that there is no clear prescription for effectively managing intellectual property, but a limited number of firms did creatively extract value from their intellectual property. 1 Contents I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 3 II. UNDERSTANDING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DISTRESSED FIRMS .............................. 4 III. PATENT ACTIVITY IN TECHNOLOGY FIRMS .......................................................................... 6 A. Overview of Intellectual Property .................................................................................................... 6 B. Joining the Patent Race ..................................................................................................................... 8 IV. ANALYSIS
    [Show full text]
  • Robert M. Karr Collection of IPO S-1 Registration Documents Inventory, 1980-2001
    Robert M. Karr collection of IPO S-1 registration documents X8760.2019 Robert M. Karr collection of IPO S-1 registration documents inventory, 1980-2001 The following inventory was provided by the donor. Box 1: 3D Labs – CardioGenesis Box 2: Cardiometrics – Farallon Communications Box 3: Faroudja – Larscom Box 4: Laserscope – Pacific Gateway Exchange Box 5: Packeteer – Somnus Medical Technologies Box 6: SonicWALL – WJ Communications Box 7: Women.com Networks – Zycon Name Issue date Year 3D Labs 11/18/96 1996 3DFX 6/25/97 1997 8x8 7/2/97 1997 Abaxis 1/22/92 1992 Abgenix 7/2/98 1998 Abovenet Communications 12/10/98 1998 AccelGraphics 4/11/97 1997 Accom 9/26/95 1995 Accrue Software 7/30/99 1999 Aclara 3/20/00 2000 Actel 8/2/93 1993 ActivCard 3/15/00 2000 Active Software 8/12/99 1999 Actuate 7/17/98 1998 Adept 12/15/95 1995 Adeza 1996 Adforce 5/7/99 1999 Adobe Systems 8/13/86 1986 Advanced Fibre Communications 9/30/96 1996 Computer History Museum 1 Robert M. Karr collection of IPO S-1 registration documents X8760.2019 Advanced Polymer Systems 8/26/87 1987 Advent Software 11/15/95 1995 Aehr Test Systems 8/14/97 1997 AeroGen 11/10/00 2000 Affymax N.V 12/17/91 1991 Affymetrix 6/6/96 1996 AG Associates 5/15/95 1995 Agile Software 12/15/95 1995 Agilent Technologies 11/17/99 1999 Alantec 2/4/94 1994 Alliance Fibre Optic Products 11/20/00 2000 Alliance Semiconductor 11/30/93 1993 Alteon Web Systems 9/23/99 1999 Altera 3/30/88 1988 AltiGen Communications 10/4/99 1999 AMB Property 11/21/97 1997 American Champion Entertainment 7/30/97 1997 American Xtal
    [Show full text]
  • Economic and Social Impact of E-Commerce
    Please cite this paper as: OECD (1999-01-01), “Economic and Social Impact of E- commerce: Preliminary Findings and Research Agenda”, OECD Digital Economy Papers, No. 40, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/236588526334 OECD Digital Economy Papers No. 40 Economic and Social Impact of E-commerce PRELIMINARY FINDINGS AND RESEARCH AGENDA OECD Though only three years old, electronic commerce over the Internet has the The Economic and Social Impact of Electronic Commerce potential to transform the marketplace. E-commerce will change the way business is conducted. Traditional intermediary functions will be replaced, new products and markets will be developed, and new relationships will be created between business and consumers. It will alter the way work is organised and open new channels of knowledge diffusion and human interactivity in the workplace. Workers will need to be more flexible as their functions and skills are redefined. he Economic The changes e-commerce will bring are far-reaching. They require new T frameworks for doing business and a re-examination of government policies relating to commerce and skills. What is electronic commerce? What is the and current state and likely future direction of e-commerce? What are the drivers and what are the inhibitors? What is its impact on costs, prices, and ultimately on economic efficiency? How is it affecting intermediaries? How do firms compete Social Impact in the electronic environment? What market structure is likely to emerge? What is the impact on jobs? What types of skills will be needed? What major societal transformations will it entail? of Electronic The full impact of e-commerce remains to be seen.
    [Show full text]