Immroth's Guide to the Library of Congress Classification -- Excerpt

Immroth's Guide to the Library of Congress Classification

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By - Lois Mai Chan This document is copyrighted material.

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Immroth's Guide to the Library of Congress Classification

Third Edition

By Lois Mai Chan

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, ·recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

LIBRARIES UNLIMITED, INC. P.O. Box 263 Littleton, Colorado 80160

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Immroth, John Phillip. Immroth's Guide to the Library of Congress classifi cation.

(Library science text series) Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Classification, Library of Congress. I. Chan, Lois Mai. II. Title. III. Title: Guide to the Library of Congress classification. Z696.U4I5 1980 025.4'33 80-16981 ISBN 0-87287-224-6 ISBN 0-87287-235-1 (pbk.)

Libraries Unlimited, Inc. books are bound with Type II nonwoven material that meets and exceeds National Association of State Textbook Administrators' Type II nonwoven material specifications Class A through E. TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface ...... 5

1-INTRODUCTION ...... 15 A BRIEF HISTORY OF EARLIER CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS USED BY THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ...... 15 Earliest Systems ...... 15 Jefferson's System ...... 17 THE NEW LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION ...... 19 The Outlines of the New Classification ...... 21 The Development oflndividual Schedules ...... 24 THE PURPOSE OF THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION ...... 28 SUMMARY.-...... , ...... 30 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... : ...... 30 History of the Library of Congress Classification ...... 30 Supplemental Readings on Early Available Schemes ...... 32 A Selected List of Additional Early Classification Schemes ...... 35 NOTES ...... 36

2-PRINCIPLES, STRUCTURE, AND FORMAT ...... 38 CLASSIFICATION ...... 38 NOTATION ...... 40 ENUMERATIVE DISPLAY ...... 40 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND COMMON FEATURES ...... 41 Physical Format...... 41 The Individual Schedules, 41; Format of Each Schedule, 42 Divisions ...... 47 General Form Divisions, 47; Theory, Philosophy, 48; History, 49; Treatises, General Works, 50; Law, Regulation, State Relations, 52; Study and Teaching, 53; Subjects and Subdivisions of Subjects, 53; Geographic Division, 54; Subject Division under Country, 55 Notes in Classification Schedules ...... 57 Scope Notes, 57; Explanatory See Notes, 57; Confer Notes, 57; See Notes, 58; Including Notes, 58; Divide Like Notes, 58 Parenthesized Numbers ...... 59 Alternative Class Numbers ...... 59 SUPPLEMENTARY AIDS TO THE USE OF LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION ...... 60 An Index to L. C. Classification ...... 60 A Manual to L.C. Classification ...... 61 ABRIDGMENTS OF L.C. CLASSIFICATION ...... 61 USE OF L.C. CATALOGING RECORDS ...... 61

9 10 I Table of Contents

REVISIONS AND EXPANSIONS ...... 62 Publication of Schedules ...... 62 Procedure for Revision and Expansion ...... 63 Methods for Expansion ...... 63 Updating Schedules ...... 64 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 70 General Articles and Works on L.C. Classification ...... 70 General Special Articles on L. C. Classification ...... 76 Indexes ...... 78 Abridgments and Adaptations ...... 79 LC Cataloging Records ...... 79 NOTES ...... 80 3-NOTATION ...... 81 FORM OF THE NOTATION ...... 81 CUTTER TABLES ...... 83 DOUBLE CUTTER NUMBERS ...... 85 Topical Cutter Numbers ...... 87 Cutter Numbers as Geographic Subdivisions ...... 88 "A" AND "Z" CUTTER NUMBERS ...... 88 SUCCESSIVE CUTTER NUMBERS ...... 89 DATE IN L.C. CALL NUMBERS ...... 91 Date as Edition Mark ...... 91 Date as Part of Class Number ...... 91 DISTINGUISHING WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR ...... 93 DISTINGUISHING EDITIONS OF A WORK ...... 94 TRANSLATIONS ...... 100 OTHER VARIATIONS IN THE NOTATION ...... 101 DISPLAY OF THE NOTATION ...... 103 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 105 NOTES ...... 106

4-TABLES ...... 107 FORM TABLES ...... 108 GEOGRAPHIC TABLES ...... 109 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLES ...... 111 SUBJECT SUBDIVISION TABLES ...... 112 COMBINATION TABLES ...... 113 Internal Tables ...... 116 Three-Number Countries, 117; Two-Number Countries, 118; One-Number Countries, 119; Cutter-Number Countries, 120 Auxiliary Tables ...... 120 Ten-Number Countries, 120; Two-Number Countries, 122; One-Number or Cutter-Number Countries, 122 AUTHOR TABLES ...... 123 Authors with Forty-Nine Numbers ...... 123 Authors with Nine or Nineteen Numbers ...... 129 Authors with One Number or a Cutter Number ...... 132 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 134

5-INDIVIDUAL CLASSES ...... 135 INTRODUCTION ...... 135 CLASS A-GENERAL WORKS ...... , ...... 136 Tables Used with AM101 ...... 137 Academies and Learned Societies ...... 140 Tables in Subclass AZ ...... 141 Table of Contents I 11

CLASS B-PHILOSOPHY. PSYCHOLOGY. RELIGION ...... 143 B-BJ Philosophy .... : ...... 145 BL-BX Religion ...... 151 CLASS C-AUXILIARY SCIENCES OF HISTORY ...... 154 CLASS D-HISTORY: GENERAL AND OLD WORLD ...... 159 CLAS E-F-HISTORY: AMERICA ...... 167 GLASS G-GEOGRAPHY. ANTHROPOLOGY. RECREATION ...... 171 Tables for Maps and Atlases ...... 172 Major Areas, 173; Sub-areas, 173; Subject Letter-Numbers, 174 Examples of the Use of Tables III and IV ...... 175 General Maps and Atlases, 175; Subject Maps and Atlases, 177 Other Auxiliary Tables in Class G ...... 179 CLASS H-SOCIAL SCIENCES ...... 180 Complex Tables of Geographical Divisions ...... 182 Twenty-Number Countries, 183; Ten-Number Countries, 185 CLASS J -POLITICAL SCIENCE ...... 186 Twenty-Number States or Cities, 188 CLASS K-LAW ...... , ...... 190 Subclass K ...... ; ...... 191 Subclass KD ...... 192 Subclass KE ...... 192 Subclass KF ...... 193 Examples of Classification of Law ...... 194 CLASS L-EDUCATION ...... 196 Textbooks ...... 199 Works on Teaching Methods in Special Subjects ...... 199 CLASS M-MUSIC ...... 200 Catalogs of Sound Recordings ...... 203 Supplementary Numbers for Music ...... 203 CLASS N-FINE ARTS ...... 206 Order of Preference ...... 208 Tables ...... 209 CLASS P-LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE ...... 214 Classification of Literature ...... 217 Classification of Belles Lettres, 217; Pattern of Sub- arrangement, 217; Literary Collections, 217; Individual Authors, 218; Exhibitions on Individual Literary Authors, 220; Texts in Little Known Languages, 220 Subclasses PN, PR, PS, PZ ...... 221 Auxiliary Tables in PN, PR, PS, PZ, 225 Subclass P-PA ...... 236 Topical Greek and Roman Classics, 237 Subclasses PB-PH ...... 238 Subclasses PJ-PM ...... 239 Subclasses PQ and PT ...... 240 Subclass PG, In Part...... 240 CLASS Q-SCIENCE ...... 241 Internal Tables ...... , ...... 243 Book Numbers ...... 243 CLASS R-MEDICINE ...... 245 CLASS S-AGRICULTURE ...... 249 Hunting and Fishing ...... 250 CLASS T.,...TECHNOLOGY ...... 251 Auxiliary Tables ...... 254 12 I Table of Contents

CLASS U-MILITARY SCIENCE ...... 257 CLASS V-NAVAL SCIENCE ...... 257 CLASS Z-BIBLIOGRAPHY. LIBRARY SCIENCE ...... 261 National Bibliography ...... 261 LC Publications ...... 266 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 266 Class A ...... 266 Class B ...... 266 Class B: Readings ...... 267 Class B: Modifications of BL-BX ...... 267 Class C ...... 268 Class D ...... 268 Class D: Readings ...... 269 Class E-F ...... 269 Class E-F: Readings ...... 269 Class G ...... 269 Class G: Readings ...... 270 Class H ...... 270 Class H: Readings ...... 270 Class J ...... 271 Class J: Readings ...... 271 Class K ...... 271 Class K: Variants ...... 271 Class K: Readings ...... 272 Class L ...... 272 Class M ...... 272 Class M: Readings ...... 273 Class N ...... 273 Class N: Readings ...... 273 Class P ...... ·...... 273 Class P: Readings ...... 274 Class Q ...... 275 Class Q: Readings ...... 276 Class R ...... 276 Class R: Readings ...... 276 Class S ...... , ...... 276 Class T ...... ·...... 277 Class U ...... 277 Class V ...... 277 Class W ...... 278 Class W: Readings ...... 278 Class Z ...... 278 Class Z: Readings ...... 279 The Outline of the Classes ...... 279 Additions and Changes ...... 279 NOTES ...... 280

6-CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIAL TYPES OF LffiRARY MATERIALS ...... 281 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS ...... 281 Special Form Numbers for Serials ...... 281 "A" Cutter Numbers for Periodicals or Serial Publications ...... 282 "General Works" Numbers Used for Periodicals ...... 282 Yearbooks ...... 283 Serial Continuations~ ...... 283 Table of Contents I 13

MONOGRAPHIC SERIES, NONSERIAL COLLECTIONS, COLLECTED SETS, AND COLLECTED WORKS ....•...... 285 Classification ...... : ...... 285 Monographic Series ...... 285 Nonserial Collections or Collected Works ...... 286 Selected Works ...... 286 Analysis of Monographic Series and Sets ...... 286 ABSTRACTS ...... 288 Background ...... 288 Procedures ...... 288 INDEXES ...... 289 SUPPLEMENTS ...... 291 MATERIALS CATALOGED UNDER CORPORATE HEADINGS ...... 292 Shelflisting Procedures ...... 292 Cutter Numbers for Specific Institutions: Captions with Single Element (Either by Name, A-Z; or by Place, A-Z) ...... 294 Society Publications ...... 295 Separate Class Numbers for Societies, 295; Numbers for Serials and Societies Together, 296 Government Documents ...... '~ ...... 297 Congressional and State Legislative Hearings and Reports ...... 297 Congresses, Conferences, etc ...... 297 Classifying Congresses, Conferences, etc., 297; Shelflisting Congresses, Conferences, etc., 299; Shelflisting Works about Congresses, Conferences, etc., 301; Shelflisting Congresses Classed in Society Numbers, 302 JUVENILE MATERIALS ...... 309 Juvenile Belles Lettres ...... 309 Picture Books for Children ...... 311 Topical Juvenile Materials ...... 312 School Textbooks ...... 312 NONBOOK MATERIALS ...... 313 Audiovisual Media ...... 313 Catalogs of Nonbook Materials ...... 316 MICROFILMS ...... 316 MICROFICHE ...... 317 INCUNABULA ...... 318 Bracketed Alternative Class Numbers for Incunabula ...... 319 Facsimiles of Individual Incunabula ...... 319 TRANSLATIONS ...... 320 Parallel Texts ...... 320 "BOUND-WITH" BOOKS ...... 321 PICTORIAL BOOKS ...... 322 BIOGRAPHY ...... 322 NOTES ...... 325

APPENDIX A-TABLES OF GENERAL APPLICATION ...... 327 REGIONS AND COUNTRIES IN ONE ALPHABET ...... 327 UNITED STATES ...... 330 CANADA AND NEWFOUNDLAND-LIST OF PROVINCES ...... 331 14 I Table of Contents

APPENDIX B -CUTTER NUMBERS FOR INDIVIDUAL BIOGRAPHY ...... 332

APPENDIX C-TABLES USED WITH INDIVIDUAL CLASSES ...... 333 Class B: BL-BX ...... 333 Class D ...... 342 Class F ...... 345 Class H ...... 348 Class K ...... 358 Class L ...... 367 Class N ...... -...... 374

INDEX ...... 399