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!Αξιος ωφελε"! #ιν τους$ "αλγο! υντας# <3)4".=:,>".<3)4".?0#0'.!,1(&"3.@0&(,*7 !"#$%&'()*$(&$+#',#$()#$+-..#'/012 Officers and Directors at Large A1(*0' 8'#9/6#0( A1(*0'.A:,'(*$% <%%0&("*,.A1(*0'."#1.. F/<#$8'#9/6#0( !"#">(#>.A1(*0'. B(#.:,:0'(":C +#<'#(5'*;7'#59-'#' !"#">(#>.A1(*0' "/'>/01)5>=$C:535>5 <'*.D(',&*0'."#1.E33$%*'"*0' D,%(>#,' Editorial Board +#5((:#=$%59)/01(&0 H*0<)3-'1=$F/'1/0/5 Medical Organization Director Councilor Directors 8)/:56#:4)/5=$8#009*:,50/5 8&'(:506=$D'#1&0 Coordinator, Residency Initiatives +(50.&'6$G0/,#'9/(* Student Directors 6668"3)4"0:,>""3)4"80'> !"#$%&'()*%$3#/01$4'#45'#6$.&'$7)#$8)5'&9$9)&-:6$3#$(*4#6$6&-3:#;945<#6=$9-3>/((#6$/0$('/4:/<5(#=$506$<&0.&'>$(&$()#$.&'>5($ &-(:/0#6$/0$()#$>50-9<'/4($9-3>/99/&0$1-/6#:/0#9$544#5'/01$&0$&-'$?#39/(#@$???A5:4)5&>#155:4)5A&'1A$7)#*$5'#$5:9&$5,5/:53:#$ +<)&&: +,-$,%*%./0'.',)'(#*%.0/.(#1(2(1$"3."'*(&3,%.%40$31.5,./0'6"'1,1.1(',&*37.*0.*4,."$*40'%8 B$ 9('&$3"*(0#.(#/0':"*(0#;$7)#$8)5'&9$/9$9#0($(&$5::$6-#9;45*/01$>#>3#'9$&.$C:4)5$D>#15$C:4)5$5($0&$566/(/&05:$<&9(A$C::$<&''#94&06#0<#$ >A<#:#3/E5:4)5&>#155:4)5A&'1 . Editorial Alpha Omega Alpha and health policy

Edward D. Harris, Jr., MD

David P. Hill

ake a look at our new section, “Health Policy,” on page . facilities), including for-profit insurance companies and phar- It has evolved from our newly revised motto and mission maceutical/device companies. statement:T One particularly expensive component of the PHE is direct-to- consumer advertising of drugs. First, a disclaimer. Άξιον ωφελείν τους αλγούντας I watch sports and Congressional hearings on television. All Be Worthy to Serve the Suffering these events are funded by advertising. There are many ads for which I don’t put the TV on mute, but rather enjoy. A couple Mission Statement: Alpha Omega Alpha—dedicated to the of favorites: belief that in the profession of medicine we will improve care t 5IF#VEXFJTFSBE TIPXJOHBSVHHFENBMFUPTTJOHBTUJDL for all by: for the Dalmation dog to fetch, which it does, as expected. But t SFDPHOJ[JOHIJHIFEVDBUJPOBMBDIJFWFNFOU then, one of the Budweiser draft horses, standing nearby, goes t IPOPSJOHHJGUFEUFBDIJOH rushing off and returns with a large log in its mouth and drops t FODPVSBHJOHUIFEFWFMPQNFOUPGMFBEFSTJOBDBEFNJBBOE it at the man’s foot. He says, “Show-off!” the community t " ZPVOH TUVE USBWFMJOH JO &VSPQF TFOET IJT HJSMGSJFOE  t TVQQPSUJOHUIFJEFBMTPGIVNBOJTN back in the States, frequent pictures of himself from his camera t QSPNPUJOHTFSWJDFUPPUIFST phone. She is forlorn with his absence, seeing on her phone his face with the Eiffel tower in the background. She doesn’t hear As part of the reassessment by our board of directors of him singing, “I think that possibly, maybe I’m falling for you.” AΩA’s role in modern medicine, we have come to believe Then, while sitting on a river bank, she gets another photo . . . that The Pharos must take part in developing and discussing and it is of her taken ten yards away! He has returned. Hugs thoughts about the current state and future goals for U.S. and happiness. I am so impressed with the ad, I have no idea health care. Debatable issues of health policy will not end with which company is sponsoring it. the Congress passing reform bills in the fall. We have asked Dr. In contrast, ads for OTC and prescription drugs are neither John Kastor, a new member of our editorial board, to edit this entertaining nor benign, and not only can they increase the section. Be warned—he may well recruit essays from you! Send costs of health care, they can even be harmful to patients. Here submissions to us at: Alpha Omega Alpha,  Middlefield are two examples, permitted by federal legislation: Road, Suite , Menlo Park, California , or e-mail them t " NVTDVMBS PMEFS NBO IPMET B CPUUMF PG 'MFY 1SPUFY% to [email protected]. saying, “In ninety days, if you don’t notice an improvement Our initial essay in this series is an update of an essay origi- in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, gout, or nally published in The Pharos in Autumn , “Mene, mene, other forms of arthritis, send back the bottle for your money tekel upharsin comes to medicine—redux,” by Dr. Robert H. back, and if you call this number now, we give you the first Moser of our editorial board. Please read it again or for the first thirty days free!” Of course, this and other OTC remedies are time. It is both striking and depressing because, although it was not regulated. No proof of efficacy or safety is required, nor do published ten years ago, our country’s system of practice and any exist. All the company needs is to gather in more money payment for health care services has not improved. from viewers than it costs to buy the TV minutes to hawk its As President Obama turned to go back into the White medicine and pay back the tiny number of those who don’t House after announcing the nomination of Regina Benjamin as benefit from the placebo effect and have the determination to Surgeon General on July , a reporter shouted, “Mr. President, apply for a rebate. there are many senators who hope you will take an interest in t 0OFBEGPSUIFQSFTDSJQUJPOESVH-JQJUPS BQQSPWFECZUIF reforming health care.” Mr. Obama turned, flashed that smile, '%"BOEQSPWFOUPCFFGGJDBDJPVTJOMPXFSJOH-%-DIPMFTUFSPM  pointed at the reporter and said, “Bill, that’s a good one!” The is a direct attack on the use of generic alternatives. It urges the irony and humor spring from the comments that the President NBOXIPIBTCFOFGJUFEGSPN-JQJUPSUPTUSPOHMZSFTJTUIJTQSF- had just made before announcing Dr. Benjamin’s nomina- scription drug plan’s determination that another statin—less tion. He said, among other powerful challenges to Congress, expensive but apparently equally efficacious—will be substi- “Inaction [on revision of health care policy] is not an option. . . . UVUFEGPS-JQJUPS5IFDPTUTPGUIJTGSFRVFOUMZSVOBEBSFCPSOF We are going to make this thing happen, because the American by patients, and are significant. people definitely need it!” While debating whether or not to tax the wealthy to cover Bob Moser identifies and cites the “peripheral health universal care costs, Congress should examine its past mis- economy (PHE)” as a major cause of excess costs of U.S. health takes, including permitting direct-to-consumer advertising of care. The PHE includes everyone who is making money from drugs. Such laws increase health care costs and can lead to health care without being directly involved in patient care (e.g., patient harm as uninformed patients select medicine based the “core health economy”—doctors, nurses, and health care on media advertising.

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 1 !"#$%&'#!''()

DEPARTMENTS ARTICLES

Editorial 1 Alpha Omega Alpha and health The power of language in medicine policy Edward D. Harris, Jr., MD Case study: Mongolism The physician at the Terrell Nabseth Stevenson 32 movies The Counterfeiters (Die Fälscher) ! Peter E. Dans, MD Reviews and reflections 38 Ideas: A History of Thought and Invention, from Fire to Freud Reviewed by Henry N. Claman, This is when it happens MD Steve Thomas Kirk, MD Splendors and Miseries of the Brain: Love, Creativity, and the Quest for Human Happiness Reviewed by John C.M. Brust, MD '( The Orange Wire Problem and Other Tales from the Doctor’s Office Reviewed by Audrey Shafer, MD 43 Letters 60 Index

AΩA NEWS "#$%&! 2008/2009 Program 44 awards Professionalism Fellowship Administrative Recognition Awards Visiting Professorships Medical Student Service Project Awards Helen H. Glaser Student Essay Awards Volunteer Clinical Faculty Awards Alpha Omega Alpha 50 members elected in 2008/2009 Submit a photo for the 63 next “Write a Poem for This Photo contest” On the cover See page 25 !"#$%&'#!''()

War story The conflict in narrative- and POETRY evidence-based medicine I don’t know how to start William H. Ryan, MD 12 Alan Blum, MD Tic Douloureux 13 H. Harvey Gass, MD &' Betrayal 20 Vaishali Gajera An Intern Begs a Suffering 24 Patient for Mercy at 3 AM Exposed Sarah Rose Hartnett, MD Jonas Zajac Hines E Unum . . . Pluribus 31 Justin Yamanuha, MD Numbers (& 37 Leah B. Rosenberg, MD The Mugging 42 Joanna Pearson Pediatric Traumatic Injury at Health Policy 48 City Park, July 2008 Christina Crumpecker Mene, mene, tekel, upharsin Anatomy comes to medicine—redux 49 Cheng Tou Robert H. Moser, MD The Turning Time 58 Daniel C. Potts, MD Sunbeam egg cooker () 59 Satre Stuelke Newark or Dallas, Milan or 64 Munich Kate Reavey !"#$%(& Itinerary, 1974 64 Kate Reavey !"#$%&' INSIDE Memorial BACK XXCOVER Margaret Moore

Correction Last issue’s editorial stated that 2009 is the 150th anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin. It is, of course, the 200th anniversary. Thanks to the many, many readers who pointed that out! !"#$%#$%&"'(%#)%"*++'($

Steve Thomas Kirk, MD

The author is a senior resident in of experiencing people. I want to be My mother used to tell me about Neurology at Baylor College of Medicine a part of the human condition in a the death of her mother, how she was in the Houston Medical Center. very available way, to see it at its most at her side holding her hand at that “pointed, dart-like, definitive,” stealing moment, and saw death fall about her. ohn is hooked up, some modern- words from Virginia Woolf. I enjoy the She saw the leaving of her mother in an ization of a marionette, to various hours, trying to finish this unfinishable intangible yet spiritual way. At her sis- parts of his ICU room, slowly be- business, of being available to experi- ter’s premature death soon thereafter, Jcoming more machine than man. A ence the grit of the human condition in as well as at her father’s, she was also father of five girls and a dedicated hus- medicine. present but did not see any change. She band, he is a former semiprofessional Many of the hours- beyond- allotted wrestled from then on with the guilt of athlete still lithe despite his medical fall time are spent explaining specific thinking that their deaths had seemed from grace, an author, and a minister of neurologic damage to patients’ fami- no different than an animal’s death at a large Protestant church whose masses lies, who come in various shifts with that pivotal moment, that moment, of visitors have to be rationed by the various levels of comprehension, what like the death she had seen in a fallen nursing staff. Originally he turned residual function to expect. We give deer’s eyes at that pivotal moment the for the better after his initial cerebral them information so that important one and only time my father talked her aneurysm rupture, clipping, and allot- permutations of “what if” can be an- into going hunting. She never said it ted window of time for vasospasm to swered and because knowledge about directly, but I had the impression that decrease, then was transferred to the what’s happening is a medicine in and she felt she had lost something in those floor and treated for aspiration pneu- of itself. But despite all the time and encounters. At some level, I have al- monia while awaiting further rehabili- care one puts into patient care, it’s hard ways searched myself and my patients’ tation. to find time to actually sit with one lives for these same intangibles. At As a senior resident member of a patient in the ICU, to hold his hand, to some level, I think we are all curious busy Neurology program, I am work- think about him in a personal way as about ancient and transcendent themes ing with the primary team that rarely a family member might, to stare at his that cannot be modernized by modern consults for other patients from our face for a minute of silence in thought- medicine: love, joy, redemption, honor, Neuro ICU. To the disappointment of ful repose. guilt, betrayal, loneliness—and the mo- my family, who wishes I would visit John was intriguing, a dynamic indi- ment of death. These appear to congeal more often, it is easy to find myself vidual, and he taught me the dominoes often poignantly in the ICU when heal- still pushing twenty-plus hours a week game Forty-Two during free half-hours ing of the body begins to fail. beyond the eighty-hour workweek. But of the day and call, up until what I At : , deep into John’s hospital there is the residual code of pressure thought was to be the day of his dis- course, the nurses paged me because he that covertly asks residents to spend charge. But then he re-bled, and more asked for me. Multiple organs had been whatever time is necessary to get the surgery led to intraoperative complica- failing without recovery over the last job done to prevent others from bear- tions, fractalizing into more systemic few weeks, and he had failed another ing the burden of your unfinished complications and a prolonged ICU trial of extubation that morning. He business, as if patient care can ever be stay, resulting in small battles won, but was lined up for a tracheostomy within truly finished. And there is the reward a losing war. the next few days. His mind, however,

10 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 was alive and remarkably lucid. I put eyes in acknowledgment. withdrawn. down my delayed dinner, brushed my “I need to tell you something, young It wasn’t my first death, and hasn’t teeth, quickly combed the straight man,” he wrote slowly. It was as much a been the last. I was riding the line brown hair inherited from my mother, question for permission as a statement. between stoic physician observer and and walked over to John’s room, I nodded. saddened humanist. There was some- bleary-eyed within the forever fluores- “I don’t believe in God. I don’t think thing about this man, this dynamic cent sunlit world of the Neuro ICU. I have for awhile, but I am realizing individual, he and I alone at :  in He asked me on his dry-erase board it fully here.” He tried to turn away a the Neuro ICU, the aviary of machina- to withdraw care. No, he didn’t want bit but couldn’t. He was being selfish, tions beeping from other rooms around to wait for his family to come, or for and he knew it. His fear was palpable, us. It was happening. The human con- me to call them; he had already said but burdenless. He felt cowardly, but dition. It felt like truth. This is as much his goodbyes. He had fought the good to me he was brave for being able to all that is poignant and valuable in the fight, had run his race. No, he wasn’t in admit the heavy emptiness of his heart. medical profession as cure. physical pain. He’d been thinking about He knew this was a statement beyond At that moment, as death fell upon his diminished state for a few days, my abilities, beyond my specialty—an him, heavy in me like a spoonful of how his own father had not wanted inappropriate consult. He erased the neutron star, I saw a change. A defini- any machine support either. No, he statement with his bed sheet sloppily, tive change. I hadn’t seen it before, and wasn’t depressed. He loves life. But he and scribbled half- illegibly, “I’m sorry.” haven’t seen it since. But one minute he loves peace more. He was competent. I didn’t know how to give it back to was there, and then he, the . . . he un- But I made his hand grow tired writing him. No one ever taught me in medi- derneath, was no more. It was at a very things down so I could stall for time. cal school or residency how to restore specific moment in time. It wasn’t a No, he didn’t want to talk to clergy, someone’s sense of salvation. I was at change of facial expression. It wasn’t a and his respirator honked and chirped a loss for words, so I just sat with him. monitor. I don’t know why I saw it with in complaint as he attempted a feeble, I remembered an article I had read in him and not others. Maybe I was just doleful laugh. a magazine in the hospital cafeteria, more open to being aware of the mo- Silence. an uncharacteristically serious article ment, a combination of sleep depriva- He looked at me with the saddest by Steve Martin about the death of his tion and stripped-down conversations eyes I’ve ever seen, and he started to father. In it he tells about a hospice about God. Maybe it was and always cry. I tried to speak optimistically, to worker who told him as he came to will be just a piece of my imagination convince him to wait for his daughters, say his goodbyes to his father, “This is or subtle unconscious physical change hoping they would have heavy theo- when it all happens.” in him that some primitive aspect of logical weapons at their disposal, feel- We did not wait for John’s family my brain picked up on. Maybe it was ing so unprepared for this situation—if to come in the morning. After a long just the change in me. one ever can be truly prepared. I am time in silence, I gave him a hug, feeling no eloquent man. I do not possess the more family member than doctor. I told The author’s address is: wisdom to have the discussion I felt him about the comfort measures and 9831 Fitzroy this man needed right now. He saw it. what I would do. He listened patiently. Dallas, Texas 75238 He flashed a fleeting gentle smile of the Morphine ran, lines and tubes were E-mail: [email protected]

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 11 I don’t know how to start. I’ll start it this way. Friday coming home on the bus I felt a little dizzy, a little chill. I took my temperature and I had a fever. .. It started to go up very fast to .. I got into the bed–forget about it, I said. But then it got to .. And then . But I didn’t have a cold, and I’m in the house since Friday. I’m sitting here, I have a chill, although it’s  outside. So I put a hot water bag on. I used a vaporizer, too. I know I’m making a whole to-do. But I had a pain in my left arm. And then my right arm. Is it possible… could it be cancer?

From Seeing Patients: The Sketchiest Details by Alan Blum, MD

From his earliest days as a medical student, Dr. Alan Blum (AΩA, Emory University, "#$%), Gerald Leon Wallace MD Endowed Chair in Family Medicine at the University of , has captured thousands of patients’ stories in notes and drawings. The sketches and jottings bring back the essence of a conversation, a detail of personality, and the fragmentary clues patients give their doctor about the experience of illness. Dr. Blum’s address is: &' Pinehurst Drive, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (%)*"-"")$. E-mail: [email protected]

12 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Tic Douloureux

A jerking pain in my aging face kept recurring in the same place, like a sword thrust into my head leaving memories recalled with dread. A wire, worn through raw short circuits at the flaw shooting stabs from my cheek where it joins my lip to peak in my jaw, spending out in my chin like a church bell’s aftertone or a quivering arrow shot into a plank, or touching a pot too hot. Opening my mouth to eat or talk will fire that piercing shock. My face, on guard, a featureless mask as if immobilized in wax. A spot next my nose, if touched, or on my gum inside brushed by my careless tongue, too late I regret the wrong. There were spells in spring or fall when leachlike it hardly quit at all, but when it did, as it might sometimes, the welcome relief was peace sublime. Close friends recognize the tic. Disguise is futile when I am sick. Dare I speak, I have to stop, my words cut off like a hatchet chop. Stubborn I was in my conviction until the dentist’s contradiction that extracting teeth would do no good. The problem was back inside my head. Medicine, at last, has learned the truth about the cause of tic douloureux. A blood vessel’s redundant curve is compressing my trigeminal nerve, There is no solution in capsule or pill. What is needed is neurosurgical skill. H. Harvey Gass, MD

Dr. Gass (AΩA, University of Michigan, !"#!) is retired from practice as a clinical professor of Neurosurgery at Wayne State Medical School. His address is: $!%% East Longview Drive, East Lansing, Michigan #&&'(. E-mail: [email protected].

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 13 !"#$%&%' One corner One propped door Make an enclosed triangular niche created by the tiny body nestled within, recuperating with a Sponge-Bob battle scar adorning his arm. Broadcasting muffled hiccuping sobs. Not trapped. But protected. Safe from mom’s ultimate duplicity in the ultimate hour of need. His first “big boy” shot. Vaishali Gajera

Ms. Gajera is a member of the Class of !"## at the Florida State University College of Medicine. This poem won honorable mention in the !""$ Pharos Poetry Competition. The author’s address is: !#"% Chestnut Forest Drive, Tampa, Florida &&'#(. E-mail: vjg")@med.fsu.edu.

Illustration by Laura Aitken.

20 Exp sed

Jonas Zajac Hines The author (AΩA, University of New residents, at the doctor’s sta- Mexico, 2008) is a member of the tion, intently working at Class of 2010 at the University of New their computers. I ask, Mexico School of Medicine. “Is there anything else I can do?”—med stu- t’s late. No, it’s early. I’ve just fin- dent code for, “Can I ished dictating a history and physi- go to sleep, please?” cal for the patient I admitted earlier Matt, the senior resi- Ithis evening. It’s my fourth year of medi- dent, looks up; his eyes cal school and, beginning with an acting are bloodshot. “You’ve internship in the ICU, I hit the ground done well today,” he says. running. Tonight is my first time on Unlike me, he’ll be doing overnight call and this is my first ex- paperwork all night, which periment with dictating, rather than strikes me as one of the big- writing, an H&P. I glow with the respon- gest transitions I’ll have to sibilities newly entrusted to me. make into residency. “Why Walking down the ICU hallway, don’t you catch a few I can see Matt and Jorge, the on-call hours before morning

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 21 Exposed

rounds?” I thank them and hurry off. with a shared bathroom, linoleum floors In an alcove at the end of the hallway throughout. There are no other students are the call rooms, where the doctors on call, and I just left Matt and Jorge, and students on call theoretically come so tonight I can have my pick; I choose to catch a few hours of sleep. But I the first. Click. It’s fairly cozy in here— imagine it’s predominantly med stu- there’s a lamp, a couple of drawers, a dents that use the rooms. Placing my computer, and a micro- refrigerator. magnetic badge up to the sensor, click, I’m feeling pretty positive about the door unlocks. I walk in. The call myself now. Earlier this evening I im- suite looks like a college quad—a small pressed Matt, and myself, when I suc- hallway connects three small rooms cessfully tapped a patient’s spinal fluid on the first attempt. It only took me an hour—I was told it would take at least two—to dictate the H&P for my patient. And to think I was nervous about how this rite, really an initiation of sorts, would go! Sitting down on the plastic covered mattress, my primary focus is getting comfortable, which means getting out of these scrubs. Shoes, socks, scrubs, and t-shirt all come off; just underpants now. Just in case, I strategically lay my clothes across the floor, figuring that, if there is a code, I’ll save time getting dressed so as to arrive in time to get out of the way. I slip under the sheet—it feels good to lie down. But that feeling quickly subsides. The thermostat must be set five degrees cooler than the forecasted low—I’ll have to get another blanket if I’m ever going to get some sleep. Luckily a surplus of clean linens is one of the few guarantees in a hospital. I’ll just grab a blanket from the stack I saw in the hallway. Click. Somewhere in my head, a needle scratches across a record. I am stand- ing in the hallway of the call suite, extra blanket in hand, wearing nothing but underpants. I am on the wrong side of door opens, I promise to spend more a locked door. of my scarce free time with my family. In disbelief, I violently tug the door My stomach is filled with lead. There handle. Is this a bad dream? This isn’t goes my life—I will never live this one real—I’m an actor on one of those ri- down. My extremities are icicles. Get diculous TV programs about attrac- a grip, Jonas. You are locked out of the tive, promiscuous, prodigy doctors, call room, standing here in the hallway and the commercial break is coming in your underpants and there’s no way right up. I begin to perspire. Why does you’re getting back in there without each individual room need its own some help. But first, I need something *@^!& lock? My heart is racing. If to cover my body. this electronically- locked -pound Hanging on hooks in the hallway are

22 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 several full-length white coats belong- me, ma’am?” Still nothing. Oh, how I reflection off the glass wall, I can see ing to doctors who have already gone wish I’d learned her name earlier in her speaking to him. Hesitating for a home. But even in my naked despera- the evening! A little louder, “Hi, there, moment, he stops his work. He gets up tion I know I can’t possibly put one on. over here. Thanks. Hi. Can I ask you a and walks down the hallway toward the Full-length white coats are worn by real favor? Thanks. Could you get Matt for alcove. doctors—students have to wear short me? Could you ask him to come over? Trying to brush past my appearance, ones. By putting on a long coat, not Thanks!” She frowns, looks suspicious, I blast, “MATT, THANKS! I locked my- only would I be feigning a higher level then confused, mildly annoyed . . . pos- self out of my . . .” of knowledge and responsibility, but, sibly even amused? This is progress. I “Wait, you don’t have any pants on!?” even worse, nobody would even be able try out my voice once more, blurting, He unlocks the door, chuckling to to tell I am wearing underpants. I’ll look “I locked myself out of my room, could himself as he turns away. After I put my completely naked! It simply won’t work. you grab Matt, please?” scrubs back on, I turn out the lights and There are a few cabinets in the hall- She stops her work and walks over climb under my blankets, beginning to way. Scurrying through, they appear to Matt, a slight grin on her face. In the feel warm. I know that this story is go- empty, except—salvation!—a worn-out ing to spread like a wildfire, but at least navy blue sweatshirt. Now I’m getting I am back in my room now. somewhere. I’ll just wrap this blanket Staring at the ceiling, I reflect on around me so . . . put the sweatshirt what can be learned from this experi- over it . . . voila! frat boy on his way to ence: I must always sleep in my clothes. a toga party in Buffalo in the dead of Yes. I must try to be mindful of seem- winter. ingly insignificant details and, when Peeking my head into the ICU hall- I am in trouble, never be too pride- way, I can see Matt’s reflection off the ful not seek assistance. Definitely. glass walls of the patients’ rooms. He’s And perhaps most importantly, still working at the computer where I I should never take myself too left him only moments ago. Do I yell seriously. My eyelids feel heavy. out his name? No, definitely not. I don’t As I drift off to sleep, I am certain want to alarm the staff or patients. of what I will dream tonight—a Remember, this is the ICU—surely ev- nightmare in which I am standing eryone will think a patient is coding. naked, exposed, in front of all my Deliverance comes, as it so often peers. does for med students, in the form of a nurse. Charting a patient’s vital signs, The author’s address is: she’s probably within speaking range. 301 Tulane SE “Excuse me, there?” my voice cracks. Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106 Nothing. Again, “Excuse me, uh, pardon E-mail: [email protected]

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 23 !"#$"%&'"#(&)*#+#,-..&'/")#0+%/&"%#.1'#2&'34#+%#5#!"

Don’t ask my soul to share the pain Your eyes are showing mine. I am not strong or kind or wise, Not this late at night. Don’t search my face for answers; What have I got to give? I’m scared and lost and lonely too, In a fight I will not win. Not pain, not fear, not even death, Nothing so easily overcome. No, I struggle to save… … a piece of self In a psyche overrun. Don’t ask my soul to hold this pain Your eyes are showing mine. This hollow shell is all filled up, With tears I can not cry. Step out of my head and away from my heart, Let me make it through this night Just keep your humanity to yourself— I’ll not burden you with mine. Sarah Rose Hartnett, MD

Dr. Hartnett graduated from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in !""# and is attending a pediatrics residency at the Janet Weis Children’s Hospital of the Geisinger Medical Center in Danville, . This 24poem won an honorable mention in the !""# Pharos Poetry Competition. Dr. The Pharos/Winter 2008 Hartnett’s address is: $% Maple Street, Danville, Pennsylvania $%#!$. Erica Aitken Welcome to our new health policy section

lpha Omega Alpha’s strong commitment to the practice of medicine, medical edu- cation, humanism, service, and professionalism brings with it a responsibility to be involvedA in the discussion of issues affecting the practice of medicine in the United States today. We are soliciting original essays on topics in health care policy and other na- tional health care issues for publication in this new section of The Pharos. Essays should be scholarly, well-referenced discourses that include the background and suggested ap- proaches to solving problems confronting the nation’s health care system. All essays will be subject to peer review. Essays published will convey the views of the author(s) and are not those of the board of directors of Alpha Omega Alpha. Dr. John Kastor, MD, professor of Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and medical governance and organization consultant, will be the editor of this section. Dr. Kastor and the board of directors of AΩA welcome your con- tributions, comments, and critiques of the essays we will be publishing.

The first essay in this series, written by Dr. Robert H. Moser, was originally published in Autumn . Dr. Moser graciously updated it for this issue.

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 25 Health policy Mene, mene, tekel, upharsin comes to medicine—redux Robert H. Moser, MD

The author (AΩA, Georgetown University, 1969) is a mem- adopt a Universal Health Care System (UHCS). Progress will ber of the editorial board of The Pharos. be incremental. But each stage will be iconoclastic by con- temporary standards. Outpatient care will be delivered by ll the recent roilings and rumblings about the hos- primary care providers (PCPs) and specialty clinics. These pitalist movement prompt recollection of a biblical PCP teams will consist of an amalgam of nurse practitioners, aphorism; the “writing that was written” on the wall nurse midwives, and physician assistants, who may or may ofA Belshazzar’s banqueting hall (Daniel :–*) has become not work under the supervision of a primary care internist, a ever more evident. Having observed the evolution of our dis- family physician, or osteopathic physician. The physician will cipline for over five decades, I am joining the ever- growing become the captain of the PCP (outpatient) team. Over time, legion of speculators mulling the future of our noble but em- the distinction between MD, DO, RN, and PA will blur and battled calling. I don’t love all that I think will happen, but I diminish. They all will be PCPs. Their training will be con- am optimistic that ultimately a better system of medical care solidated, standardized, and conducted by academic health will emerge. centers (AHCs), and tailored to the needs of ambulatory med- icine. It may even be further refined to meet specific require- Universal health care—structure and function ments of PCPs in rural or inner city environments. Students Within the next ten years we will take “The Big Step” and desiring to become team leaders or to continue beyond medi- cal school into residency training will have a separate curricu- lum pathway or additional year of medical school. * Daniel :–: Belshazzar the king made a great feast to a In the early years, teams of nonphysicians/PCPs working thousand of his lords, and drank before the thousand. . . . In in underserved areas will function in virtual autonomy. They the same hour came forth fingers of a man’s hand, and wrote over against the candlestick upon the plaister of the wall of the king’s will follow diagnostic and treatment protocols (algorithms) palace: and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote. Then the based on the latest evidence-based information. Such data king’s countenance was changed, and his thoughts troubled him, will be periodically refined, updated, and modified to en- so that the joints of his loins were loosed, and his knees smote one sure that the guidelines remain appropriate and adaptable against another. . . . And this is the writing that was written, MENE, for implementation at the local level. This will help ensure MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN. This is the interpretation of the thing: MENE; God hath numbered thy kingdom, and finished it. TEKEL; reasonably uniform quality of care across the country, in thou art weighed in the balances, and art found wanting. PERES: contrast to the current irrational regional variations in cost Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians. . . . and quality. For clinical problems that cannot be resolved In that night was Belshazzar the king of the Chaldeans slain. And by a specific protocol, PCPs will have real-time interactive Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about threescore and two years old. telecommunications capability that will be part of the na-

26 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 tional electronic medical records system (EMRS) with on-call The financial picture hospitalist- specialists at a previously designated academic The UHCS will begin as an extension of a modified and health center or other regional Center of Excellence nearby. vastly expanded Medicare system. Under UHCS, every citi- Performance of PCPs will be evaluated by periodic random zen and legal immigrant will be eligible for coverage (uni- review of records that look for reasonable compliance with versal capitation) by a payroll deduction increase in current established protocols coupled with assessment of patient sat- FICA levies, and a system of copayments, adjusted through isfaction that takes into consideration patients’ personal views a realistic means- testing formula. Illegal immigrants will be on the impact of overall management on their quality of life. served for emergencies but denied any long-term care. Their This review will be accomplished by teams of other PCPs who children will receive full coverage. will rotate for a month or six weeks away from their regular All finances will be controlled by the UHCS via the SPP. assignments. Excellence in performance will be rewarded This will include AHCs, their satellites, and peripheral PCPs. with yearly bonuses for PCPs and hospitalists. The UHCS will begin as part of the U.S. Department of Evaluation will become the responsibility of a beefed- Health and Human Services, but will rapidly outgrow its par- up Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ), ent. The AHRQ will also come under the umbrella of UHCS. which will exist under the umbrella of UHCS and assess the All AHCs and their satellite facilities will submit an- quality of care being delivered by all AHCs and their satellite nual budgets. This is the way the VA and military hospitals facilities, including clinics and isolated health care providers. operate today. Budgets will be based on true costs, without It will ensure that all diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms plugging in a profit margin, since all salaries and operating are indeed evidence-based, clearly written, and updated expenses will be known. An MRI or an aspirin will cost the when new data become available. same in Boston and Lubbock. The current avalanche of pa- These algorithms will be regarded as guidelines, not rigid perwork and personnel time devoted to billing (seeking pay- dictums. AHRQ evaluation will not insist on blind adherence ment from patients, endless negotiation with insurers) will to the algorithm, but will allow rational, reasonable varia- be significantly reduced. Operating costs will thus be lower. tions within the guidelines to incorporate individual patient characteristics ( socio- economic status, age, emotional stabil- Problems solved by implementing UHCS ity and reliability, environmental circumstances) whenever Shortly after the initial launch of UHCS, it will become possible. Greater emphasis will be placed on long-term out- cost effective. The underlying premise will be an effort to comes and patient quality-of-life satisfaction. Such practices reduce or even eliminate “profit” from the health care equa- will return some of the art to the practice of medicine. tion. (It is my naïve belief that health care is such a primal Repeated failure of individual PCPs to meet established aspect of life that it should never be subjected to the vicis- standards will result in appropriate disciplinary action, up to situdes of cost considerations or excessive profit making in and including license suspension. A similar mechanism will a modern, civilized society.) Unfortunately, some few physi- be established for hospitalists representing all specialties and cians seek wealth from illness by ordering excessive and un- subspecialties. necessary procedures. A handful of these have managed to All hospital inpatient care will be conducted by general game the system even further by setting up their own diag- internists and specialists (the former will become hospitalist- nostic laboratories, home health care facilities, and “health” generalists and the various subspecialists will become spas. They route their patients to these areas, from which hospitalist- specialists). These will include intensive care, they derive income. Of course, there will always be outliers all medical and surgical subspecialities, and every other to the UHCS. Some wealthy citizens may well opt for “bou- specialized branch of medicine. Initial management will be tique” care —delivered by entrepreneurial physicians. conducted by hospitalist- generalists, who will triage consul- On the other hand, some health care providers, in today’s tations and referrals when indicated. All hospitalists will be litigious climate, are tempted to overprescribe medications salaried employees of their institutions; their incomes will and order excessive laboratory procedures “just in case.” I not depend on how many patients they see or their dollar hope that in the future litigation will be tempered by having “productivity.” The Single Payer Program (SPP), the financial all potential suits submitted to legally-binding arbitration by a arm of the UHCS, will negotiate and establish salaries and local committee composed of a team of impartial health care bonuses based on mutually- accepted criteria. providers, lawyers, and a judge. Such a body would be legally PCPs will be encouraged to look in on their admitted empowered to decide whether compensation, punitive ac- patients and provide the hospitalist-generalists with insight tion, or no action is justified. The “defendants” would be the about important aspects of the nature of the patient’s previous individual health care provider(s) and the UHCS (if the health management, socio- economic status, personality, or expressed care provider is working under the UHCS). Premiums for desires (for example, diagnostic and therapeutic preferences, malpractice insurance should then decline significantly. Those concepts of quality of life, end-of-life desires, etc.). outside the system will deal with litigation as in the past.

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 27 Mene, mene, tekel, upharsin comes to medicine—redux

I assume that in this era of tort reform the dreadful eco- The role of the academic health center nomic burden of futile care for terminal vegetative patients Under the UHCS, AHCs would become the focal point of will be eliminated. Hospital ethics committees will facilitate all health care delivery and illness prevention. They would decision making on these sad cases. Hospice care will be en- be given the manpower and finances to ensure the highest couraged. quality of care in all institutions within their designated geo- I hope we will return to an environment in which medical graphical area. These would include private hospitals, com- decisions are predicated on solid, evidence-based indica- munity hospitals, clinics, VA centers, and military hospitals. tions and “cost” to the patient will not be a factor (this milieu Some institutions may elect to remain independent of the prevails in VA and military hospitals today). “Therapeutic UHCS. This will be their prerogative. failures” arising from patients being unable to purchase Since all research and clinical faculty will be salaried, medication, and cases of the poor elderly faced with buying they will no longer be obliged to divert excessive time from either food or drugs will cease. clinical research and teaching to income- producing direct patient care. Pharmaceutical companies—a problem Such innovation will require a revolutionary revision in It seems logical to assume that, over time, the pharma- current organizational arrangements and our philosophic cology departments of AHCs could assume a much greater approach to medicine. Over time, the system would be ex- role in new drug development, now largely the province of panded and refined to ensure fair allocation of resources and commercial pharmaceutical companies. Why not? Much of mutually beneficial cooperation between institutions. In the the early work is already done in AHC pharmacology depart- final configuration, the AHCs would bear ultimate responsi- ments and most of the creative pharmacologists in industry bility to ensure the quality of care, employing the expertise of learned their trade in academia. The individual or the team the AHRQ. that creates the new drug will be rewarded with bonuses in The AHCs would be subsidized completely under the SPP addition to their existing salaries. Such a system already ex- of the UHCS. In addition, the current disproportions in in- ists in enterprises such as Microsoft and Bell Laboratories, come among health care providers will be largely eliminated. among others. Since all will be salaried, no longer will some physicians re- Clinical testing is already being done in AHCs and their ceive excessive incomes while others are barely adequate. VA affiliates. Pharmaceutical companies have no direct access to and military hospitals, as well as the Mayo Clinic operate un- patients. Once the new drug is proved to be safe and effec- der this model and prove that this payment system works. In tive (and approved by the FDA), commercial production can addition, the pay scale for nonphysician health care providers be farmed out to pharmaceutical companies. The AHCs will will be increased reasonably. have no role in commercial production. Of course, for the Until such time as a UHCS becomes fully operational, foreseeable future new drug development will come from in- pharmaceutical and medical equipment manufacturers (and dustry. The time will come when the pricing of all drugs will perhaps any other commercial enterprises that profit from pa- fall under a consortium of the initiating industry, the UHCS, tient care activities) would be obligated, by law, to tithe a per- and if the drug was created in the pharmacology department centage of their profit to the SPP to help subsidize the UHCS. of an AHC the latter would be included. If the drug came from the pharmaceutical industry, price negotiations would Electronic medical record systems (EMRS) be direct between industry and AHCS. This environment One by- product of the new system would be a resurrec- would discourage the creation of “me too” drugs. tion of bedside teaching rounds, with renewed emphasis on Such a structure would result in a fair and reasonable cost integrating the patient into the dialogue. One member of of drugs because there would no longer be a need for com- the rounding team will carry an iPhone or laptop that will mercial advertising. The stunning amounts now deployed to be plugged into the EMRS. This will enable access to: () pay “detail men” to convince health care professionals to use complete patient information at the bedside, () medical in- a specific drug, the giving of trinket gifts, food, or vacations, formation systems, and () computerized prescribing order and the massive public advertising campaigns on television entry (CPOE), thus facilitating data entry at the bedside and and in print should be reduced significantly, shrinking the helping to prevent medication errors. Of course CPOE will cost of drugs. be available for all drug prescribers. In addition, we will have Information about new agents or improved old drugs will real-time bedside access to other visual diagnostic aids, such appear in the medical literature in dedicated sections. There as scans, radiographs, and electrocardiograms. will be more frequent publication of newsletters such as The EMRS will be an integral part of the UHCS. Medical Letter, which the UHCS will distribute free to all Implementation will be augmented by grants (from UHCS) health care professionals. A vital UHCS “drug information” to all health care providers (hospitals, clinics, practitioners). web site will be updated weekly. Any patient participating in the UHCS will be obliged to

28 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 agree to have his/her records available. Confidentiality will requiring solid evidence of acceptable long-term outcomes always be a problem, but less so with a thoughtfully con- and patient satisfaction. A major program of public educa- structed access mechanism. If one opts out of UHCS, and tion (utilizing every media channel) will be undertaken to wishes to go “private,” records will remain confidential. increase the overall level of “scientific literacy” in the coun- try. The UHCS will insist on appropriate scientific education, The care of the patient emphasizing realistic “self help” (preventive) health habits, Rounds will be enhanced by the presence of a clinical psy- beginning in grammar school and becoming part of every chologist and pharmacist to sharpen appropriate discussions secondary school curriculum. This will include teaching of into psychological and pharmaceutical aspects of manage- rational diet practices, the virtue of regular “fun” exercise, ment. Patients will be kept apprised, in clear and straightfor- and avoidance of tobacco and alcohol excess. ward language, of discussions regarding their care. Sensitivity A determined effort to forestall the politicization of medi- and discretion will be the watchwords governing all bedside cal care by special interest groups will be undertaken. Under encounters. The overall impact of teaching rounds will be the new UHCS program, characterized by reasonable access positive for patients: they will always feel that their medical for all and uniform quality of thoughtful, scientifically-based problems are receiving input from knowledgeable, sympa- care in every part of the country, patients will no longer feel thetic professionals. “medically disenfranchised” or neglected. They will no longer Periodically, the AHRQ, operating as an arm of the UHCS, feel obliged to seek kindness and listening time outside the will conduct epidemiological surveys and evaluations to de- mainstream. termine the clinical and economic effectiveness of satellite hospitals and clinics operating under the aegis of their re- Challenges sponsible AHCs, They will focus on management of specific Predictably there will be a period of chaos before this uni- medical problems. It is well known that hospitals (and physi- versal healthcare “nirvana” is achieved. There may well be a cians) with greater experience in specific areas (for example, long interval during which patients continue to invoke their coronary artery bypass surgery or organ transplantation), “freedom of choice” to select health care providers. This operating in so-called Centers of Excellence (CEs) produce could turn the current “agora of medical care” into a turbu- outcomes considerably better than those with less experience. lent, expensive marketplace, indeed. There is already reim- Therefore, over time there will be a concentration of spe- bursement for chiropractic, naturopathy, and acupuncture cific referrals to CEs within geographic proximity to the refer- in many states. The ultimate perversion of this situation will ral source, based on these carefully evaluated performance see herbalists and homeopaths competing with primary care reviews. The intention will be to reduce duplication and practitioners, chiropractors openly challenging orthopedists redundancy of procedures. Transport from peripheral hos- and physiatrists, crystal gazers taking on psychologists and pitals or outpatient facilities to the nearest CE that provides psychiatrists, and acupuncturists competing with all physi- the specific service required will become part of an extensive cians. Of course, to a certain extent this is happening now, medical transportation network. This will be a function of the but when public and political pressure forces the UHCS into UCHS, operating at no expense to the patient. With longer reality, pragmatic survival will become the name of the game. experience, demographic and geographical factors will deter- Over time, hard-nosed empiricism will win the day (what mine the location of effective CE facilities central to referral works will survive, what doesn’t will be discarded), or the im- sites. Others will be phased out. Most CEs will be university minent bankruptcy of the current system of profligate reim- hospitals or comparable facilities. bursement or a much higher level of medical literacy attained I hope that within a few years medical care will be viewed by the public will cause pretenders to fade from the scene. as a commodity (as are fuel, food, and housing), In addition, I am not sure which factor will dominate, or if there will be the UHCS will seek to eliminate the financial disincentives some felicitous synergy. I did not include scientific veracity that have helped undermine the moral imperatives of many among my criteria for the ultimate failure of nonscientific managed care plans and some practicing physicians. There will medicine. This is because many contemporary consumers of be no financial incentive for PCPs or hospitalist- generalists to medical care believe they are sufficiently medically knowl- avoid referring patients for appropriate hospitalist- specialist edgeable (many through exposure to the checkered informa- care. For those within the UHCS there will be no financial tion available on the Internet) to make educated choices. temptation to route patients to physician-owned treatment or They are on thin ice. diagnostic facilities. Under the UHCS, health care providers I would like to believe that a more medically literate and will not be allowed to own such facilities. Those outside the sophisticated public will be our ultimate salvation, but I am system will continue to do as they wish. far from sanguine. In darker moments, I suspect the return Finally, “alternative medicine” practitioners will be com- to rationality will turn on tough, practical outcomes: the hap- pelled by the UHCS to compete with scientific medicine by piness (or unhappiness) of patients with the prevailing non-

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 29 Mene, mene, tekel, upharsin comes to medicine—redux

system, or down and dirty economic necessity rather than who will be seeking a mechanism to devise a workable UHCS the clear virtue of sound medical science. to ensure optimal care at a reasonable cost. We certainly can Another related problem threatens the future of American learn from the strengths and weaknesses of other Western medicine: the alarming decline of physician investigators countries. If this pie in the sky dream plan seems to have committed to basic or clinical research. According to the Orwellian overtones, it need not. The transition will be tu- Association for Patient Oriented Research, the number of multuous and the inevitable bureaucracy must be anticipated first-time applications by physicians for National Institutes and contained. But it should be far less turbulent than exists of Health (NIH) research grants plummeted thirty percent today in the prevailing nonsystem. between  and . This pattern continues today. Some The opposition by special interest groups will be formi- cynics say we should leave the field of medical research to dable, but we are forced to the grim realization that we stand those with doctorates in basic sciences. I think not. This on the brink of chaos. Perhaps the magic number will be  would certainly widen the already existing breach between million people without adequate health care before we are bed and bench. So why are fewer physicians selecting careers willing to accept the seismic changes the system demands. in research? Economic disincentives lead the pack: the enor- mous debt burden of most medical graduates and the modest Prognosis stipends of postdoctoral trainees. Medicine will always be conducted on a human to hu- There exists a solution. We must expand, revitalize, and man basis. But, to acknowledge the hard facts, over the years reorient the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). To a most of us in medicine became complacent; in many areas certain extent this is occurring, but it is too circumscribed we lacked discipline and some few of us became downright and underfinanced. NHSC affords bright but poor stu- greedy. In our zeal to leave no stone unturned on behalf of dents (especially minorities) the opportunity to come into our patients, we too often neglected the realities of fiscal medicine without incurring debilitating debt. I feel such an responsibility. In our benignly paternalistic fashion, we did infusion of fresh blood could provide the same tide of intel- things “our way” for a long time. That is why the unwelcome lectual and spiritual revitalization that we see when eager nose of the managed care camel has managed to creep so new immigrant populations enter the country. In addition successfully under our tent. Entrepreneurs sensed what I the NHCS should be made available to all health care practi- call a “golden vacuum,” a chance to fill a perceived need tioners (osteopathic physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, and enjoy enormous profit. Undoubtedly, managed care has physician assistants, nurse midwives). Medical school cur- brought some renewed sense of discipline and fiscal reality ricula will have to be modified extensively to accommodate to medicine. But as it exists, it has too many warts. Major these new PCPs. modifications will occur, retaining some of the good things The major change in NHCS will occur when the time we have learned, but eliminating those that cause grief. comes for their repayment (after the medical school or The changes will be facilitated by implementation of the postgraduate training years)—they will not have the option UHCS when those infamous mantras of “obligation to our of “buying out.” That defeats the purpose and spirit of the shareholders” and “incentives and disincentives” have been NHSC. These new physicians (or PCPs, or perhaps even expunged from our lexicon. This revolutionary concept will some hospitalist- generalists and hospitalist- specialists) will require patience and vigilance. It will not come easily. be assigned to underserved areas for a time determined by The intangibles of compassion, caring, and patient advo- level of indebtedness (years in residency training) at the dis- cacy will always be a function of the sensitivity of the health cretion of the NHCS. Those who demonstrate a talent and care provider. These virtues must always be coupled with desire to do research will be allowed to repay some or all good medical science. I think it will all come to pass once of their time by conducting postdoctoral bench research or medicine has survived the revolution and matured, to evolve clinical investigation. NIH study sections will be required to a true partnership with those for whom we care. revise the philosophy of their granting process, to acknowl- The original version of this paper was published ten edge the critical importance of patient- oriented investiga- years ago. On reflection, after ten years the noise level has tion. Thus, the revitalized NHCS program would provide increased; we seem to be edging toward a rational plan that at least partial solutions to two vexing problems: acquiring will bring reasonable care to all our people. Perhaps it will health care providers for underserved areas, and encouraging take a bit longer, maybe more than another decade. But I’m more physicians to consider careers in medical research. not sure we have that much time. Admittedly, this is a cheeky, bare bones (I will even con- cede, simplistic) sketch of what I believe many aspects of the The author’s address is: ultimate system will look like. I am convinced that the many 943 East Sawmill Canyon Place devils in the details can be worked out by thoughtful people, Green Valley, Arizona 85614 representing different disciplines in and out of medicine, E-mail: [email protected]

30 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Erica Aitken Erica

E Unum … Pluribus Today I witnessed mortals determine a man’s fatality A true Cartesian split His living body distanced from his sleeping mind No signs of awareness Eyes staring widely into nowhere No ability to seek out any final breaths of life Then the waiting For he had decided long before this day That he was to give of himself to others E Unum . . . Pluribus (From one . . . many) Out of the divorce from his emotional throne Comes a redistribution of carbon compounds who long to pledge allegiance to another leader So they make their journey, leaving familiar corridors And go to rejuvenate withering bodies Justin Yamanuha, MD

Dr. Yamanuha is an intern at the University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine. His e-mail: [email protected]..

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 31 The physician at the movies

Peter E. Dans, MD

Slumdog Millionaire Starring Dev Patel, Freida Pinto, Madhur Mittal, and Anil Kapoor. Directed by , codirected by Loveleen Tandan.1 Rated R. Running time 120 minutes.

lumdog Millionaire begins in  in (formerly known as Bombay) as Jamal (Dev Patel), a young Muslim boyS from the slums, is being tortured by police because he is competing on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? and is ap- proaching the final stage of winning  million rupees, ap- proximately , at the time. This feat by a slum dweller being unheard of, a question appears on the screen asking whether he a) cheated, b) is lucky, c) is a genius, or d) “it is written.” Police Sergeant Srinivas (Saurabh Shukla) holds Jamal’s head in a bucket of water, hangs him by his wrists, and applies electric shocks to his feet to try to get him to tell how he cheated. The police chief (Irrfan Khan) asks Jamal, “What the hell can a slumdog possibly know when doctors and law- yers never get past , rupees?” The film flashes back to the slum area of Mumbai with the young Jamal (Azharuddin Mohammed Ismail) squatting in an outhouse and refusing to get out for somebody who wants Dev Patel stars in Slumdog Millionaire. to pay his brother Salim to use it. His brother then locks him Warner Bros./Photofest. in, just as well-known actor Amitabh Bachchan, the original host of the quiz show, comes to town. Being a fan of his and wanting to have him autograph a picture, Jamal has no way boys join a homeless group of children who comb through of getting out unless he drops into the pit, which he does. He the garbage dump. They are transported to a camp where then runs covered with feces and smelling to high heaven, and they are fed and housed and made to be beggars by Maman maneuvers through the crowd to get the photograph signed. (Ankur Vikal), a crime boss. Maman orders a little boy to sing This is the first of many improbable events bordering on the and when he doesn’t do it well, he has him blinded using acid absurd in the movie. Later, his brother sells this prized pos- and having his eyes removed, so he can be a more convincing session, setting up the love-hate relationship that will carry beggar. This is one of the many reasons for the film’s R rating. through their lives. A flash forward to the quiz show reveals Salim, who is now Maman’s henchman, realizes that Jamal is that the celebrity’s name is the correct answer to the first ques- going to be blinded next, and helps him and their compatriot, tion. This starts a succession of flashbacks showing how Jamal the so-called “Third Musketeer” Latika (Rubina Ali), to es- gets the answers, not because of erudition, but—mirabile cape. After a prolonged chase, the brothers hop on a train and dictu—by recalling events in his life. Latika lets go of their hands and is left behind, much to Jamal’s The next scene shows women washing clothes and dismay. Salim refuses to go back because it would mean cer- children bathing and playing in a polluted river. An tain death. Latika will become Jamal’s obsession. attack occurs, presumably by Hindus, who cry While trying to steal food from the dining car, the boys are out, “They’re Muslims, get them.” The police pushed off the train at a speed that should have killed them. don’t help and the children’s mother is However, they are fine, although Jamal thinks they are in murdered. After their mother dies, the heaven when he sees the Taj Mahal. They now begin a life of

32 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Ayush Mahesh Khedekar and Azharuddin Mohammed Ismail in Slumdog Millionaire. Warner Bros./Photofest.

crime, taking shoes from the tourists who leave them outside five. Before Jamal leaves Javed’s house, he hears the name of the mosque and leading tours when they know nothing about a famous cricketer on the TV and that’s the way he knows the Taj. While Jamal distracts the tourists, his compatriots the next answer. Latika finally comes to the station but she steal tires and other things from a fancy car. When Jamal is kidnapped at knife point by Salim, who cuts her face. Of brings back an American couple to their vandalized car, an interest here is that the director forgets on which side she was Indian starts to beat him up but the wife tells her husband to cut and the wound which is on the right is seen on the left in a have him stop and to give Jamal money because, like “good subsequent scene. The rest of the film shows the progression Americans,” they feel guilty for what others did to them. Oh, of Jamal in the quiz show, with the moderator Prem Kumar yes, that’s how Jamal learns from Salim that Ben Franklin is on (Anil Kapoor) being portrayed as properly smarmy (shades of the  bill, another quiz question. the film Quiz Show). When Jamal goes for  million rupees, Later, they go back to rescue Latika (Freida Pinto), and the moderator tries to trick him by feeding him the wrong find that she has become the main attraction in a Mumbai answer, but Jamal sees through it and picks the right answer. brothel run by Maman (what’s a Hollywood favorite film That’s when the moderator has the police kidnap Jamal to try without prostitutes?). Salim (Madhur Mittal) kills Maman to extract how he has cheated. Realizing that he is telling the with a Colt  and that’s how Jamal learns that the revolver truth, the police chief lets Jamal go on the day he goes for the was invented by Samuel Colt. After they escape, Salim chases  million rupees. Jamal away, with Latika’s consent, and takes her for his own. Jamal has one last lifeline for the question “What’s the Salim now becomes the right-hand man of Maman’s enemy name of the third musketeer?” Salim is now repentant about Javed (Mahesh Manjrekar). Jamal later becomes part of a call what he did to Latika and he helps her escape from the crime center and ultimately gets on the show Who Wants to Be a boss. For some reason, maybe ESP, he gives her his cell phone, Millionaire? although how he does so is unclear because such which she seems clueless about. Jamal, figuring Salim would shows have rigorous testing of contestants for knowledge and know the answer, calls Salim’s cell phone. At the last second temperament. before the contest staffer is about to hang up, Latika an- Through the call center, he traces his brother to a construc- swers. Wouldn’t you know that even though she is the Third tion site and they fight. After they reconcile, Salim tells him Musketeer, she doesn’t know the name of Aramis and Jamal is that Latika is being kept by Javed at his mansion. Salim says left to have to make the choice? Meantime, Javed finds out that a Muslim prayer of repentance and Jamal goes to see the girl. Salim let Latika go and he shoots him while Salim is luxuriat- She tells him to forget her but he says he cannot and that he ing in a bathtub full of money, his main desire in life. As he will be waiting at the train station for her every evening at dies, Salim says, “God is great.” Needless to say, Jamal gets the

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 33 The physician at the movies

right answer. He also meets Latika at an eerily empty Victoria minuscule and that sometimes the dialogue is hard to de- train station, a marvelous relic of the British Raj and the film cipher, especially as it goes from English to Hindi, which is ends with “It is written.” The credits are augmented by lively heard in a third of the film.1 Also, the extra features in the dancing, singing, and rap music, which are also early DVDS carried by some video outlets had only promos liberally sprinkled throughout the film.1 and not for very good movies at that. Later, the studio released Slumdog Millionaire garnered eight Oscars (cinematog- a DVD with more robust special features. raphy, directing, editing, original music score, original song, sound, best picture, and screenplay). I found it hard to under- References stand why this film was so widely praised. Having taken care . Jurgensen J. The co-pilot of ‘Slumdog’: How a little-known of cholera patients for three months in Calcutta in  in a Indian filmmaker helped shape the acclaimed movie. Wall Street J God- forsaken hospital that serviced the nearby bustees (or  Jan : W. slums), I was interested in seeing this film. It was depressing to . Malone A. The real Slumdog Millionaires: Behind the cinema see forty-six years later that in the midst of the wealth in , fantasy, mafia gangs are deliberately crippling children for profit. the slums of this premier Indian city and headquarters of its The Mail Online  Jan . film colony are estimated to house ten million of the city’s . Sesser S. ‘Slumdog’ Tour Guide: Fueled by the movie, a crop eighteen million inhabitants. Beyond the cinematic fantasy- of Mumbai tours promise an authentic view of the city. Wall Street land, so-called “Mafia” are deliberately crippling children for J  Feb –: W. profit, as in the film.2 Indeed, it was not surprising to learn . Harris RL. New home for ‘Slumdog’ young star. New York that the film, which I considered to be fatuous and exploit- Times  Jul . ative, has spawned a mini- tourist boom for people wanting to visit the slums.3 Even more disconcerting was the backstory of the film, which grossed more than  million dollars (£ million). The Counterfeiters (Die Fälscher) The slum dwellers who appeared in the early scenes, espe- cially the children, did not really benefit from all the hype and Starring Karl Markovics, August Diehl, and David Striesow. revenue this film generated. The slum home of Azharuddin Directed by Stefan Ruzowitzky. Rated R. In German with sub- Mohammed Ismail, who played the youngest Salim, was de- titles. Running time 98 minutes. molished after he was forcibly evicted and the family had to live in a shelter fashioned out of plastic sheets and bamboo nlike Slumdog Millionaire, here’s an Academy Award shoots.2 The family of another child star Rubina Ali (the winner (Best Foreign Film, ) that I can recommend. youngest Latika) had been promised new housing by the ItU is based on a memoir by Adolf Burger, who was a very alert authorities. Neither was remedied until the story went public ninety years old at the time the picture was made. As the film and the filmmakers pledged £, to help the children opens, World War II is over. A man sits on a lonely beach at with housing and education.4 the Beau Rivage (“beautiful shore”). He then goes to the Hotel The film on its face is rather simplistic. That one could de Paris in Monte Carlo and gambles, hooks up with a woman, believe that all this boy’s life events could be tied into the and while they are having sex, she notices that he was in a questions that were asked is rather mind- boggling. There are concentration camp. The film then flashes back to Berlin in a lot of things that are both gross and unsavory in the film. . The man’s name is Salomon Sorowitsch or “Sally” (Karl In some respects, it’s about celebrity (which Academy voters Markovics), a highly successful Jewish master counterfeiter groove to). Admittedly, the cinematography is striking and who expresses no concern about the Jews being rounded up, almost surreal. There’s also lots of cool music and dancing saying, “I’m me and the others are the others.” He adds that the as well as colorfully dressed people, and exotic locales. These Jews are persecuted because they fail to adapt, which he says attributes and the “love affair,” shallow as it is, may have been is not that hard. While making a fake Argentine passport for what swayed Academy voters. Whatever the case, it is prob- a beautiful woman, he is busted by the Nazi anti- counterfeit ably the best testimony to the tawdry and sad state of feature agency and jailed. In , he is transferred to a concentration films today that this was the best that they could come up with camp where he makes many portraits of Nazis and their fami- as Best Picture. What’s harder to believe is that the Academy is lies. Because of his talent, he is transferred in  to another going to revert to the practice during the Golden Age of cin- camp run by an SS officer who turns out to be the German ema of nominating ten films for Best Picture when they have policeman Friedrich Herzog (David Striesow) who arrested trouble scrounging up five legitimate contenders. This action him in . Herzog laughingly tells a subordinate that Sally’s presumably is to make up for not including The Dark Knight capture got him promoted, signaling a mutually beneficial in the  nominees. bond between them. If you rent the DVD, be forewarned that the subtitles are Sally has been recruited for Operation Bernhard, an

34 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 August Diehl in The Counterfeiters. Sony Pictures/Photofest.

attempt by the Germans to counterfeit large sums of British They’re taken to the showers and are scared that they’re and American banknotes to flood their markets, thereby going to be gassed. Sally says that, because of their value, they destroying their economies, while using the bogus money to won’t be killed, at least not yet. To emphasize this point, when purchase arms and other supplies. To accomplish this, they’ve the Nazis determine that someone has tuberculosis, they are sequestered a bunch of skilled pressmen, photographers, and immediately killed so as not to spread it to the other prisoners. engravers. The prisoners have nice beds, cigarettes, water, Burger keeps arguing that they should not be doing this. Sally clothes, and music to drown out the screams of the other tells him, “You are here to survive; only by surviving can we prisoners as they are killed. hope to beat them.” They are successful in producing pound Sally meets up with Adolf Burger (August Diehl), a com- notes that Nazi agents in Zürich bring to a Swiss bank, where mercial photographer whose wife and children are in another they are authenticated. The agent demands that they send the camp (later he will learn of their deaths). A Russian Jewish notes to the Bank of England for confirmation. The Bank of Communist and activist, Burger is not happy with being given England verifies that they are authentic. The inmates are given special treatment. Sally, whose real name was Smolianoff, has a ping-pong table as a reward by the commandant who tells a green triangle tattoo indicating that he is a criminal, having them, “Trickery and fakery are what you Jews are good at.” been jailed for counterfeiting. He is initially ostracized by the The next task is forging the dollar, which is more difficult French, Dutch, and Belgian inmates who have red triangles because the Americans use a rotogravure technique, whereas indicating that they were political prisoners. Having worked the Europeans use collotypes, with which the prisoners are in banks and printing presses, they consider themselves to be more familiar. Burger refuses to cooperate because he feels law- abiding people and disdain him as a criminal. This amuses that this will favor the Nazis if they are successful and resorts Sally, who has a very detached way of looking at the world to sabotage, which Herzog suspects. He tells them to complete while sizing up people and saying little. Sally tells Burger, “I’m the task in four weeks or else they will be shot. Sally makes a not a murderer, just a counterfeiter.” Being an excellent artist, deal with Herzog to get some medicines for a young boy with he asks to draw Burger, who considers it futile because “all of tuberculosis when they complete the task. After he gets the us are going up the chimney.” Sally says, “You never know.” medicine, the boy is shot by the sadistic sergeant, who tells In the DVD feature, Burger shows the director the picture of the prisoners that the boy “was a Jew, but he died like a man.” himself drawn by Smolianoff in . There are some odd scenes where the inmates put on a cabaret

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 35 The physician at the movies

show for their compatriots and the Germans. Finally when the in the Fourth Reich. This is the central theme of The Salzburg Russians close in on Berlin, the Germans leave the camp and Connection, by one of my favorite authors, Helen MacInnes. those who were living in abject conditions get to see how the In  the German magazine Stern tried to retrieve the boxes other half lived. This produces a very interesting dynamic as and recovered some. On July , , the Americans, using the prisoners confront one another. special techniques that cost  million, were able to retrieve The excellent DVD special features tell a very interest- the bulk of the currency. ing story. The actual camp known as Sachsenhausen was a The actor who played Smolianoff in the movie said that counterfeiting workshop where the prisoners forged £ he felt privileged to be able to play the role of an antihero—a million, four times Britain’s foreign currency reserve. Thanks man with many different faces but a minimalist with regard to to the delaying tactics, few bogus dollars were produced. activity or emotion. Like a poker player, he always took stock According to Burger, “Operation Bernhard remains the larg- of people and his surroundings so he could understand and est counterfeiting operation of all time.” He describes how the control them. There is some evidence that he did go to Monte  prisoners made British, U.S., and Swiss passports, as well Carlo after the war, although the details of his postwar life as stamps and NK VD identity cards. As noted, their section are sketchy. Originally, Burger, after being liberated, went to of the camp was quite different from Birkenau, from where the nearby village with a gun and demanded that he be given Burger had been transferred. There,  persons were housed a camera and film. He then documented the camp that he’d in a horse stable with three rows of beds, no water, and no hy- been held in and after publishing a small book in , he put giene. Here, there were two rows of beds with white linen and it all behind him. Twenty years later, Burger wrote The Devil’s pillows. Everything was clean. Burger had his own bed rather Workshop after accumulating  documents from the vari- being five in a bed. There was a recreation room with tables, ous camps. His purpose was to counter the Holocaust Denial benches, newspapers, and chess and other games. There was being promulgated by neo-Nazis. music, mainly opera, playing all the time. He got a whole loaf The director said that the critical acclaim and box office of bread versus  grams of bread at the other prison. The receipts were higher in the United States, England, and other prisoners didn’t wear clogs but leather shoes. Their hair was countries than in Germany and Austria. As an Austrian, he not cut like the other prisoners. All in all, they felt that they believes that the people of these countries are aware of the were “dead men on a holiday, never expecting to walk away crimes. They acknowledge feeling some responsibility but don’t and live from this secret operation.” know what to do about it because they were not personally They were lined up at   and were promised that if guilty. He says, “My grandfather was a Nazi but what do I do they were successful that they would have villas built for them about it?” He noted that two other German films, Downfall, after the “final victory.” They would have freedom, women, etc. which focused on the last days of the Nazis in Hitler’s bunker However if they sabotaged the work, they would be executed. in Berlin, and Sophie Scholl, about German resistance fighters In real life Burger said he was more like Sally in wanting to be were popular. He contrasted this with films that might focus on a survivor rather than sticking to the ideals and principles ut- ordinary Germans and Austrians, who supported the regime tered by his character in the film. Still, he was not as gung-ho outside the camps, which I certainly would find more interest- as Smolianoff, who was more intent on creating the perfect ing but their audiences would find uncomfortable. He believes counterfeit dollar than sabotaging the Nazis. This is reminis- his film is less confrontational because the screenplay was writ- cent of the British colonel’s desire to build an excellent bridge ten from the perspective of a crooked jailbird who knows how in The Bridge on the River Kwai and his reluctance to destroy to survive in jail and thus survives in the concentration camp. it despite its being used by the Japanese against the British. Additionally, he said that he could make a movie about a When the pounds were made, they could not be sabo- privileged group in a concentration camp, but not of life in the taged in ways that would escape detection by their Nazi cruelest camps. His reasoning was that he and the audience overseers, so the prisoners devised a way to signal that they would not be able to identify with the characters, not knowing were forged. Burger relates that pound notes were too big for how they would act in such terrible circumstances. His feeling Britons to carry around in wallets, so they would string the was that identifying with those who were more privileged than notes together by making needle pricks at the corners. Thus, others was easier because such disparities are found in our the prisoners put needle pricks where they were not usually world and thus pose an existential moral question. placed, such as the heads of the Royals. As for sabotaging the notes and the dollars, it was the Dutch foreman Jacobsen, not Dr. Dans (AΩA, Columbia University College of Physicians and Burger, who was responsible. Surgeons, 1960) is a member of The Pharos’s editorial board and As the Russians neared Berlin, the camp was evacuated and has been its film critic since 1990. His address is: the inmates were taken to the Austrian Alps. The money was 11 Hickory Hill Road put in boxes and sunk in Lake Toplitz, where they were pro- Cockeysville, Maryland 21030 tected by neo-Nazis after the war in anticipation of their use E-mail: [email protected]

36 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Numbers

You have lived for !" years, HIV-positive for #$, frank AIDS for ". Lung abscess % years ago, angry sores in your mouth soon after. But your difficulties with walking and holding your urine; you can’t say when those exactly began. I am !& and palpably eager. Sweeping in at ' am in my white coat which Jingles, with % metal implements. Sags, with !$ pounds of medical detritus. I am here at ' am Every morning of this ($-day rotation In a #$-month school year. I am here. “!"-year-old female AIDS patient (CD& count of '&) in room !#& on hospital day '.” I have a million questions with numbers as answers. Because the more I avoid the alphabet With its infinite words lamentations, prayers, expletives; The less I know what it is to be you, Dark-haired girl, with an infection that we will quantify to death. One morning, I will ask you about your life and what came before. What brought you here. We will sit knee to knee like young women do. Maybe even laugh. Just us two. Leah B. Rosenberg

Ms. Rosenberg is a fourth-year medical student at Mount Sinai School of Medicine. Her address is: One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box #!"", New York, New York #$$!)-'"%&. E-mail: [email protected].

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 37 Reviews and reflections

David A. Bennahum, MD, and Jack Coulehan, MD, Book Review Editors

single- or double- authored histories of the discovery of the circulation of the the world are not new. In size, Watson’s blood, but in general medical ideas are  pages of text (plus notes and in- not as prominent as those in physics dices) lies between H. G. Wells’s The and chemistry, for example. There are Outline of History and Will and Ariel also some omissions here. Surely the Durant’s majesterial eleven- volume The idea of the communicability of disease is Story of Civilization. In quality it is up worthy of inclusion. Although Watson’s to both of them but it is different. two indices are inadequate, I still find no Watson is a historian at the mention of this topic, or germ theory or University of Cambridge and knows sepsis, nor the names of Pasteur, Lister, how to write. He seizes on ideas, which Koch, or Fleming. But there are gems; Ideas: A History of Thought he describes and explores for the gen- we find that the great Persian physi- and Invention, from Fire to eral reader. While there are some grand cian, Rhazes (Al-Razi), who wrote over Freud “ uber- ideas” such as the idea of Europe,  books around  AD, had one Peter Watson the idea of the soul (which he finds named Why People Prefer Quacks and HarperCollins, New York, 2005 more inclusive than God), and the idea Charlatans to Skilful Physicians. An of the experiment, most of the ideas are idea, to be sure. Reviewed by Henry N. Claman, MD more focused. Consider the concept of There is an anomaly in the last chap- ( , University of Colorado, 1979) AΩA time, the question of measurement, the ter (before the brief conclusion). It is ideas of plus and minus, the factory, the a short chapter—eighteen pages—en- ith the study of History (big H) existence and nature of progress, the titled “Modernism and the Discovery of becoming so comprehensive, electromagnetic field, the unconscious, the Unconscious.” The beginning (and Wmore multicultural, more pushed back the particulate nature of matter, and most) of the chapter, comprising over into prehistory, as well as more contem- so on. He discusses the rise and fall of eleven pages, is devoted to Freud and porary, you would think that it would be ideas, and even their life histories, for his ideas. These get far more space than impossible to write a one- volume history instance the migration of science and is devoted to any idea complex in the of the world. And you would be wrong, scholarship from the (mostly) Muslim book. First, Freud’s claims, ideas, and as I believe that Peter Watson has done Middle East to Christian Europe begin- doctrines are described. Then follows a just that—history without the battles, ning in the eleventh century. devastating critique of the man and his starting with Lucy. (Well, the his- For the physician, however, want- work, implying that he was intellectually tory of the world at least up ing to look at the ideas underlying the dishonest (a liar), perhaps a charlatan. to . The twentieth cen- theory and practice of medicine, this Whatever the “truth” may be, the mag- tury is covered in another book will be something of a disappoint- nitude and intensity of the discussion Watson book, The ment. Watson does discuss the idea are out of proportion to the rest of the Modern Mind). of the anatomic basis of medicine and book. What is behind this outburst I do To be sure, the importance of the experiment, and not know.

38 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 But this exceptional section does illusory contours, stereoscopic depth, interpreted in two ways (“bi- stability”), not take away anything from the rest and ambiguous figures. More recently activate areas in the occipital cortex of Ideas. It is a splendid, readable, in- his focus has broadened, as evidenced critical for line orientation and object sightful volume. It can be read through, by studies such as “Neural correlates of recognition, and each time a percept or consulted as a reference, or just beauty,” 1 “The neural basis of romantic consciously changes from one condition browsed. A major contribution. love,” 2 and “The neural correlates of to another, the fronto- parietal cortex maternal and romantic love.” 3 In  he becomes engaged. Objects with higher Dr. Claman is Distinguished Professor of produced Inner Vision: An Exploration levels of ambiguity—including works Medicine and Associate Director of the of Art and the Brain,4 which might be of art—evoke the participation of wide- Medical Humanities Program at the Uni- described as an introduction to the field spread cortical areas and of pre-existing versity of Colorado, Denver. He is a recipi- of neuroaesthetics for general readers. concepts, which are in turn modified by ent of the 2009 Bonfils Stanton Award for In Splendors and Miseries of the Brain the experience. Science/Medicine for his work on the dis- (the title is taken from Balzac’s novel, In Part III, “Unachievable Brain covery of the T cell/B cell interaction. He Splendeurs et misères des courtisanes) he Concepts,” Zeki discusses several art- is a member of the editorial board of The offers neural correlates of “love, creativ- ists whose work reflects the failure of Pharos. His address is: ity, and the quest for human happiness.” reality to match the synthetic brain con- Allergy/Immunology B164 RC2 The book has four sections. cept that it has generated. Two-thirds 12700 E. 19th Avenue, Room 10100 “Abstraction and the Brain” describes of Michelangelo’s sculptures were never Aurora, Colorado 80045 how the ability of neurons and brain finished; his biographer Vasari noted, E-mail: [email protected] areas to abstract from “every specific- “Michelangelo’s non finito reflects the ity” (e.g., verticality, direction of motion, sublimity of his ideas, which again and magnitude, irregularity) leads to “con- again lay beyond the reach of his hands.” cept formation.” There are two kinds of Titian’s late paintings display splotchy concepts. Inherited concepts (e.g., color) colors and indistinct boundaries (pit- are immutable and largely “autonomous tura di macchia), “the coherence of the of the higher cognitive systems of the picture increasing if it is not viewed too brain.” Acquired (“synthetic”) concepts closely.” Cezanne’s paintings combine are continuously modified by experience color patches with areas of empty can- and memory and are “strongly depen- vas, leaving it “to the viewer’s brain to dent upon influences from other, often construct the final image.” A novel by ‘higher,’ [brain] areas.” Although mutable Zola, L’Oeuvre, describes an artist who (in contrast to Plato’s ideal abstractions), commits suicide because his synthetic the “perfection” of synthetic concepts brain concept of female beauty prevents rarely matches what is encountered in any actual model from satisfying him. the outer world, resulting in contin- Part IV, “Brain Concepts of Love,” ual dissatisfaction. Also in contrast to ups the ante: if art requires ambiguity Platonic ideals, “perfection” resides in because the brain’s aesthetic concepts the brain rather than in the world out- cannot be reproduced, how do we ad- side, even though we may be “unaware dress the concept of love, especially ro- Splendors and Miseries of the of the synthetic concept itself.” mantic love? Zeki takes us back to Plato’s Brain: Love, Creativity, and the Part II, “Brain Concepts and Symposium and the idea of love as a Quest for Human Happiness Ambiguity,” describes the difference be- yearning to rejoin one’s separated half. Semir Zeki tween visual processing and visual per- Although such union is impossible, the Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford (UK), 2008, 256 ception, and offers evidence that higher concept of romantic love as merging pages brain regions participate in conscious into a unity is pervasive across cultures. perception when what is being viewed Wholeness and unity being unattainable Reviewed by John C. M. Brust, MD is “ambiguous”—that is, subject to more on earth, “lovers often look to another (AΩA, Columbia University, 1962) than one interpretation. Color is unam- world,” sometimes death, sometimes biguous and its conscious perception God. Zeki describes his own functional ver the past thirty-five years Semir can occur with sufficient stimulation of imaging studies in which viewing pic- Zeki has made major contributions a specialized “node” (area V) within tures of a loved partner activated limbic Oto our understanding of visual percep- the occipital cortex. Ambiguous figures areas involved in reward, and deactivated tion, including color vision, kinetic and such as the Kaniza cube, which can be frontal areas involved in “the making of

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 39 Reviews and reflections

judgments.” He observes that in prarie “A link between simple perceptual am- voles, oxytocin and vasopressin are re- biguity and the ambiguity inherent in quired for sustained monogamy; these so exalted a sentiment as love may seem hormones thus “seem to play a crucial absurd.” But, he notes, neurobiology can role in forming a concept of the kind of allow the brain to repeat “a solution that partner that an organism wants to be has been found to be expedient over with.” Zeki then turns to literary expres- and over again.” I suspect many read- sions of “unity and annilation in love,” ers will, like me, find this a less-than- citing Dante and Beatrice, Petrarch and convincing argument. Finding parallels Laura, Tristan and Isolde, St. Theresa and in the ambiguity of Kaniza cubes and Christ, Krishna and Radha, and examples Dante’s Paradiso requires a leap of faith from Sufi mystic poetry. In each instance that functional imaging does not yet jus- The Orange Wire Problem and a recurring theme is “incapacity to find tify. (I am reminded of Roger Penrose’s Other Tales from the Doctor’s . . . the counterpart to the brain concept attempt, in The Emperor’s New Mind,5 Office of love.” In Death in Venice, Thomas to explain consciousness in terms of Mann describes Aschenbach’s obsession quantum mechanics.) However, such David Watts with the beautiful Tadzio: “what he saw skepticism does not make Zeki’s hypoth- University of Iowa Press, Iowa City, IA, was beauty’s very essence; form as divine esis “absurd,” and the audacious breadth 2009, 186 pages thought, the single and pure perfection of his subject is continually provocative. Reviewed by Audrey Shafer, MD which resides in the mind.” Zeki’s self- confidence does not permit Zeki concludes with a neurobiological irony, but his writing is clear and consis- assessment of Freud’s Civilization and tently entertaining. ssayist, poet, filmmaker, National Its Discontents. Freud saw discontent as Public Radio commentator, gastro- resulting from the clash between human References Eenterologist, musician, and writing variability and its needs, and the de- . Kawabata H, Zeki S. Neural corre- workshop leader David Watts presents mands for uniform conduct imposed by lates of beauty. J Neurophysiol ; : twenty-six delectable stories nestled be- society, especially religion. Zeki believes –. tween prefatory and postlude remarks. Freud “did not frame the question broadly . Bartels A, Zeki S. The neural basis Although David Watts is not the para- enough.” For Zeki, “It is . . . inaccessibility of romantic love. Neuroreport ; : gon fantasized in the  song of the in the real world of the counterpart of the –. same name by the Kinks, he is multital- synthetic concept (ideal) formed in the . Bartels A, Zeki S. The neural cor- ented indeed. brain that constitutes . . . one of the root relates of maternal and romantic love. Neu- Watts has also written a previous, crit- causes of human discontent.” roimage ; : –. ically acclaimed book of essays: Bedside Zeki repeatedly emphasizes that the . Zeki S. Inner Vision: An Exploration Manners: One Doctor’s Reflections on subject of his book is not what the brain of Art and the Brain. New York: Oxford the Oddly Intimate Encounters between reveals about art and literature but what University Press; . Patient and Healer (Random House, art and literature reveal about the brain. . Penrose R. The Emperor’s New Mind: ) as well as several books of poems, He credits philosophical underpin- Concerning Computers, Minds, and the including Taking the History (Nightshade nings to his views in the contributions Laws of Physics. New York: Oxford Univer- Press, ). Watts’s experience with the of Immanuel Kant, whose “manner of sity Press; . craft of writing, including an attention to thinking about knowledge and its acqui- breath, space, and clarity in his poems, sition . . . is fundamental to neurobiol- Dr. Brust is Professor of Clinical Neurol- gives the stories in the current volume a ogy.” Kant “supposed that our knowledge ogy at the Columbia University College of lyricism and pace conducive to enjoyable of this world depends not only upon the Physicians and Surgeons. He is a member reading. physical reality but also on the contribu- of the editorial board of The Pharos. His Watts declares the stories to be “true,” tion that the mind (in our instance, the address is: or “as close to truth as words and mem- brain) makes to the acquisition of that Harlem Hospital Center ory and protection of identity allow,” in knowledge and the limitations that it im- Department of Neurology other words, “nonfiction essays.” pxiv The poses upon it.” In neurobiological terms, 506 Lenox Avenue stories are thus clinical tales, along the for Zeki, “there is [only] one reality, brain New York, New York 10037 lines of collections by Danielle Ofri and reality, which is shaped by both external E-mail: [email protected] other contemporary practicing physi- and internal influences.” cians who write and publish nonfiction Anticipating criticism, Zeki remarks, essays with patient de-identifiers. Such

40 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 writings are increasingly popular not and the reader is brought into the story. for me. See him for me. Please, Doctor. only in medical journals (longstanding The intensive use of dialogue also un- You are the best. My son. My son. He columns in Annals of Internal Medicine derlines the importance of listening and needs you.” The broken MediCal system or JAMA, for example) but also in the communicating in the doctor- patient in California is a clarion call for health popular press (Pauline Chen, Abigail relationship. Although most of the sto- care reform: a great multitude of doc- Zuger, and Larry Zaroff regularly pub- ries do follow the “ doctor-as-hero” plot tors can and do refuse to see MediCal lish brief clinical tales in The New York line, self-deprecating though the doctor patients because the abysmal reimburse- Times) and Internet blogs (see www. may be, Watts gets to be hero because he ment makes the work “basically a pro epmonthly.com/whitecoast/blog-links makes an effort to listen, exchange ideas, bono deal.” p170 Watts also states: “I knew for a list of specialty related blogs, some and communicate with his patients. that beyond considerations of finance, of which are patient- story centered). In one story, “Silence Knows the MediCal patients are the ones most In some of the tales Watts is the pa- Right Questions,” the lesson of listening likely to cancel appointments, not follow tient, in some his friends are, but most is brought front and center. A woman directions, and generally not take care of of the stories focus on his interactions with a ten-year history of headaches, themselves.” p171 The patient does indeed with patients in his office practice. And refractory to treatments after multiple precipitously cancel his colonoscopy ap- since Watts believes doctors should be doctor consultations, had decided to pointment, causing Watts to consider “on familiar terms with their patients,” pxv simply live with the headaches until a whether to summon the grace, patience, the doctor- patient interactions turn out friend insisted she see Dr. Watts. Watts and sense of duty to humanity to allow to be that: two-way streets. For instance, notes that “something about her the very the patient to reschedule. Of course, we in “Brain Damage,” we meet a patient instant she walked in the room told me know Watts will, otherwise the story who is a writer and the daughter of a to keep my damn mouth shut./So I do./ would not have been written. physician, that is, a patient who is cul- And she begins.” He comments that the Watts infuses his stories with per- turally and intellectually Watts’s equal. average time a doctor gives a patient sonal details—his thoughts on writing Watts has returned from yet another to speak before interruption is thirteen and its intersections with doctoring, his Tahoe ski injury vacation and examines seconds. But Watts doesn’t say anything, interactions with friends and their medi- her despite his crutch and arm sling. She not during her initial five-minute volley, cal issues, his own neuroses and foibles questions him and teases him, particu- and even after, as they sit in silence for and prior heartbreaks, and most of all, larly when she discovers he is still doing a full minute. The silence allows her to his love for his young sons. He ends endoscopies thus encumbered and in continue, gives her permission to con- the book as a proud father, comfort- pain. Furthermore, his healing process is tinue. She recounts a recent banking able in companionship with his three- slowed by his stubborn efforts to work. errand: “I suddenly realized that I . . . year-old son, “standing together on this By the end of the office visit, she as- did not want to be in the same elevator lip of sidewalk overlooking the world sesses his health choices and advises him with my husband.” She asks Watts what below.” p186 And, just as his son releases to change his ways. He thanks her for that means. And he, in one of the wisest a burst of soap bubbles, filling the air the “consultation,” to which she rejoins, moments of the collection says, “I don’t with love and good will for his mother “Don’t worry . . . I’ll send you a bill.” p34 know what it means. I’m not sure. But I to walk through on her way to a week- Watts deemphasizes punctuation in do know it’s really important.” p55 After end of work, so too does the author dialogue. No quotation marks demarcate they “sit with this new important thing release his words to the public, secure the beginning and ending of speech. He in the room, both . . . beginning to feel that the reader can return, whenever she uses few “he said” or “I said” identifiers its shape and texture,” he suggests she chooses, to examine twenty-six micro- to clearly spell out who is speaking. leave, think about it, then return to see cosms and the stories therein. However, almost all of the dialogue ping- him. Her realization, the implications pongs between two people and Watts and resultant life changes fill the silences Dr. Shafer is professor in the Department of does, per convention, begin each speaker with a profundity that reaffirms how Anesthesia at Stanford University School of on a new line, like a new line of poetry. privileged the doctor is to be invited to Medicine and staff anesthesiologist at the Hence the conversation is easy to follow. the intimate recesses of another’s being. Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care Sys- The lack of punctuation serves to make The volume deals mostly with re- tem. She is a member of the editorial board the story fluid—barriers between doctor lational issues, but one instance of a of The Pharos. Her address is: and patient are reduced, barriers be- story with socioeconomic implications VAPAHCS tween what is said aloud and what Watts is “Mother Teresa and the Problem of Anesthesia Service 112A is thinking are porous, and ultimately Care.” One of Watts’ patients pleads 3801 Miranda Avenue the goal is successful: barriers between with him to see his adult son: “You don’t Palo Alto, California 94304 reader and characters are minimized accept MediCal, but you will see him E-mail: [email protected]

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 41 !"#$%&''()'

Emerging from an alleyway, the man who smells like rotting meat holds out his hand, then, growling, grabs my shoulder. His rough hand digs in my flesh. With eyes hard like a man who hasn’t looked for years at anyone, and knows hate well, and now has found the means to terrify, he glares a glare that means I want your bag. I shake. He has a gun. Later on my shift, I thought I saw him limping to the ER. Without a word, he scowled and took a bed. I would have loved to scare him back, if it was really him. There wasn’t time, no room for one more word— beds full of those beloved and unloved. Joanna Pearson

Ms. Pearson is a member of the Class of !"#" at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. This poem won third prize in the !""$ Pharos Poetry Competition. The author’s e-mail address is: pearson. [email protected].

42 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Letters to the editor

Academic uses for The Pharos 5IPNBT.BOOTThe Magic Mountainw ,JOH$34QSJOH Last fall I offered some copies of an issue of The Pharos to ï÷÷ð QQðòoðõ 'SJEB,BIMP)FS"SUBOE0SUIPQFEJDT a faculty member in our Medical Humanities and Bioethics (BNCMF+34VNNFSðîîð QQòoïð i5IFQIZTJDJBOBUUIF office and asked her to distribute them as well as to encour- movies: Awakeningsw %BOT1&4VNNFSï÷÷ï QQòöoóî  age Humanities students to submit entries to the AΩA BOE5IFQIZTJDJBOJODPOUFNQPSBSZPQFSB5ISFFEJWFSHFOU poetry competition. Subsequently, I learned that selected BQQSPBDIFTUPUIFEPDUPSQBUJFOUSFMBUJPOTIJQw 4U-PVJT&, articles from The Pharos were being used to support other 4QSJOHï÷÷ð QQïóoðî  Humanities teaching activities. 8FIPQFUPDPOUJOVFUPGJOEOFXBQQMJDBUJPOTGPSThe Marjorie Sirridge, MD, founder of the Sirridge Office of Pharos at our institution. the Medical Humanities and Bioethics in , Lynda Payne, +PIO'PYXPSUI 1IBSN% PhD, Sirridge Endowed Professor of Medical Humanities (AΩA, University of Missouri—Kansas City, ) and Bioethics, and Marilyn Pesto, JD, RN, Humanities Office Councilor, Delta Missouri Director, are using the journal in new courses such as: Professor of Medicine, University of Missouri—Kansas City t .FEJDJOF -JUFSBUVSFBOE-BX School of Medicine t )FBMJOHBOEUIF"SUT Kansas City, Missouri t .FEJDJOFBOE#PEZ*NBHF t .FEJDJOFBOE.VTJD t .FEJDJOF 8BSBOEUIF"SUT For Whom the Bell Tolls and “New Medical t 5IF1IZTJDJBOBOE1BUJFOUJO'JMN Terms” t )VNBOJUJFTBOE1BMMJBUJWF$BSF I read the article by Dr. Gregory Miday in the Spring is- 5IFZIBWFGPVOEUIBUTPNFPGUIFPharos articles exqui- sue of The Pharos QQòoïï BOEGPVOEJUJOUFSFTUJOHCVU sitely support these courses. containing an error of significance. Ingrid Bergman did not 8IFO*MFBSOFEPGUIJTBQQSPBDI *GFMUUIBUJUTIPVMECF play Pilar in the movie For Whom the Bell Tolls. Instead, she supported, and I have subsequently supplied a large portion played the much younger character, Maria, the character for PGUIF6OJWFSTJUZPG.JTTPVSJ‰,BOTBT$JUZ 6.,$ 4DIPPM whom the earth moved in the novel. Pilar was Pablo’s wife of Medicine Pharos allotment for this purpose. in both the novel and the movie, and it was she who became Some of the Humanities faculty use specific articles as the guerrillas’ chief when her husband had, in her words, “no required reading for their courses and include the content in cojones.” Pilar was played by Katina Paxinou. I remember the the final exam. Of course, the students are free to keep the character of Pilar well because, reading the novel in the early issue and read it in its entirety. ï÷óîTBOELOPXJOHOP4QBOJTI *IBEUPMPPLVQUIFXPSEJO Upon recently discussing this with Ms. Pesto, who pio- a Spanish-English dictionary. Having done so, I have never neered some of these recent applications of The Pharos, she forgotten it and have quoted Pilar about several administra- articulated that the articles are well written, and relevant tors I have met in my lengthy career. UPUIFTUVEFOUT'PSFYBNQMF .T1FTUPBOE%S4JSSJEHF 'JOBMMZ *SFBEXJUITPNFBNVTFNFOUUIFMJTUPGOFXNFEJ- are using the “Drinking in Earnest: Alcohol paradigms in cal terms on page  of the same issue. It reminded me of the Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tollsw 4QSJOHðîî÷ QQ time I dictated a letter to a referring physician about a pa- òoïï BTBQMBUGPSNGPSEJTDVTTJPOPGUIFJNQBJSFEQIZ- tient and mentioned that the dorsalis pedis pulses were both sician in Medicine, Literature and Law. palpable. Our new clerk/typist handed me the rough draft Dr. Sirridge related that since the specific ob- in which she had typed that the “dorsalis penis” pulses were jective of the Office was to design and create palpable. I had never palpated such a vessel, nor attempted a group of selective offerings that brought such a procedure. medical practice closer to the humani- Murray L. Levin, MD ties, she has also used the articles (AΩA, Tufts University School of Medicine, ) GPS&MFDUJWF3FBEJOH$PVSTFT  Chicago, Illinois specifically, “Medical science as magic and metaphor:

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 43 2009 Alpha Omega Alpha Professionalism Fellowship

he Board of Directors of Alpha Omega Alpha is pleased to from reports submitted by students that helped focus discus- announce the winners of the Professionalism Fellowship, sions on both their faculty’s professionalism and their own. offeredT for the first time in . The purpose, design, and implementation of this program is to emphasize the crucial Brendan P. Kelly, MD role of professionalism in being a physician. It is our belief Assistant Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics at Tufts that the components of professionalism can be both taught University School of Medicine and Associate Director of and learned. Applications were open to medical schools with the Med-Peds residency programs at Baystate Medical active AΩA chapters. Faculty who have demonstrated per- Center in Springfield, Massachusetts sonal dedication to teaching and research in specific aspects of Dr. Kelly was awarded , to develop new combina- professionalism that could be transferred directly to medical tions of programs for teaching professionalism to residents students or resident physicians were encouraged to apply for in all specialties. Semi- structured interviews around “criti- these funds. cal incidents” regarding professionalism will be followed by More than thirty applications for the fellowship were re- analysis of transcripts and identification of the most important ceived. Three were chosen as winners by a panel of educators and common themes of professionalism. This “bottom up” ap- with research interests and teaching experience in profession- proach should generate valid directions for thematic learning alism and its applications. and teaching in professionalism that will be made available for The common theme of the successful proposals is focused residency programs across the country. study of specific components of professionalism that can be exported to other faculties of medicine and taught to residents Alpha Omega Alpha Administrative and medical students. Recognition Awards, 2008/2009 David Grande, MD, MPA Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of his award recognizes the AΩA chapter administrators Pennsylvania who are so important to the functioning of the chapter. Dr. Grande was awarded , to develop a training TThe nomination is made by the councilor or other officer of program for residents in health policy and civic engagement. the chapter. A gift certificate is awarded to the individual, as As he has stated in his proposal, civic professionalism rep- well as a framed Certificate of Appreciation. resents the responsibility of the profession to look outward The following awards were made in : from the health care system to influence the underlying social, economic, and political factors determining health policy CALIFORNIA and health care in our communities. His goal is to develop Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California a civic professionalism and health policy curriculum within Mandy Garcia the Internal Medicine Residency program at the University DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA of Pennsylvania that subsequently could be successful in The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences residency programs in all specialties across the country. Dr. Elizabeth Mondo Grande’s academic preparation for this project includes an ILLINOIS MPA from Princeton, participation in a Robert Wood Johnson Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine Clinical Scholars program at Penn, and, at a practical level, his and Science close collaboration with the Department of Public Health in Susan Gilbert the City of Philadelphia in launching the Healthy Philadelphia NEW JERSEY program for a broad group of its citizens. UMDNJ—New Jersey Medical School Linda Hesselbirg Laura Ellen Hill-Sakurai, MD NEW YORK Assistant Professor of Family and Community Medicine at University at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, the University of California, San Francisco State University of New York Dr. Hill-Sakurai was awarded , to examine whether Patricia Simons continuity of the clinical clerkship sites for medical students PENNSYLVANIA plays a significant role in developing a more professional cli- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Roberta Wege mate. The outcomes will be particularly important to assess because many medical schools across the country are transi- TEXAS University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, tioning to programs that plant clerks in one hospital for mul- Southwestern Medical School tiple clerkship experiences. Dr. Hill-Sakurai’s broad training in Ann Wentz statistical and qualitative methods and participation in UCSF’s VIRGINIA Teaching Scholars Program gives her strong credentials for University of Virginia School of Medicine this work. Of note is that her proposed research stems directly Heather McCoy

44 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Alpha Omega Alpha visiting professorships, 2008/2009

eginning in , Alpha Omega Alpha’s board of directors Indiana University School of Medicine offered every chapter the opportunity to host a visiting B Richard B. Gunderman, MD, PhD, councilor professor. Fifty-one chapters took advantage of the opportu- Edward Langston, MD nity during the / academic year to invite eminent IOWA persons in American medicine to share their varied perspec- University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine tives on medicine and its practice. Christopher Cooper, MD, councilor Following are the participating chapters, their councilors, John W. Edwards, MBA, Move Networks, Inc. and their visitors. KANSAS University of Kansas School of Medicine ALABAMA Jeffrey M. Holzbeierlein, MD, councilor University of Alabama School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Faith T. Fitzgerald, MD, University of California, Davis, School of Birmingham Medicine C. Bruce Alexander, MD, councilor LOUISIANA Max Michael, MD Louisiana State University School of Medicine at Shreveport University of South Alabama College of Medicine Jeffrey German, MD, councilor John B. Bass, Jr., MD, councilor Edwin A. Deitch, MD, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School Faith Fitzgerald, MD, University of California, Davis Tulane University School of Medicine ARKANSAS N. Kevin Krane, MD, councilor University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Medicine Stephen R. Mitchell, MD, MACP, FAAP, Georgetown University Anne T. Mancino, MD, councilor School of Medicine Deiter R. Enzmann, MD, UCLA MASSACHUSETTS CALIFORNIA Tufts University School of Medicine University of California, Davis, School of Medicine Amy Lee, MD, councilor Faith T. Fitzgerald, MD, councilor Bohdan Pomahac, MD, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Howard I. Maibach, MD, University of California, San Francisco MICHIGAN University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine Wayne State University School of Medicine Steven Z. Pantilat, MD, councilor Mark B. Edelstein, MD, PhD, councilor Ethan Canin, MD, University of Iowa Writers’ Workshop Scott Litin, MD DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA University of Michigan Medical School Howard University College of Medicine Cyril M. Grum, MD, councilor Edward E. Cornwell III, MD, FACS, FCCM, councilor David T. Stern, MD, Mount Sinai School of Medicine of New York L.D. Britt, MD, Eastern Virginia Medical School University FLORIDA MINNESOTA University of Florida College of Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School—Twin Cities Heather Harrell, MD, councilor Charles Billington, MD, councilor Jeffrey G. Wong, MD, Medical University of South Carolina John R. Wingard, MD, Bone Marrow Transplant Program, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Alex J. Mechaber, MD, FACP, councilor MISSOURI Daniel M. Becker, MD MPH, University of Virginia School of University of Missouri—Columbia School of Medicine Medicine Thomas Selva, MD, councilor University of South Florida College of Medicine Daniel H. Winship, MD, FACP, Secretary, Council of Medical Patricia J. Emmanuel, MD, councilor Education, American Medical Association Pamela W. Smith, MD, MPH, Center for Healthy Living and NEBRASKA Longevity Creighton University School of Medicine GEORGIA William J. Hunter, MD, councilor Morehouse School of Medicine Gary L. Dunnington, MD, Southern Illinois University School of Frances J. Dunston, MD, MPH, councilor Medicine Steven D. Freedman, MD, PhD University of Nebraska College of Medicine Robert Wigton, MD, councilor ILLINOIS PonJola Coney, MD, Virginia Commonwealth University School Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine of Medicine and Science Eric P. Gall, MD, MACP, MACR, councilor NEVADA Leah J. Dickstein, MD, MA University of Nevada School of Medicine Southern Illinois University School of Medicine William A. Zamboni, MD, councilor Andrew Varney, MD, councilor John W. Pelley, PhD, Texas Tech University Health Science Kevin T. Hinchey, MD, Baystate Medical Center Center University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences Pritzker NEW JERSEY School of Medicine UMDNJ—New Jersey Medical School Holly J. Humphrey, MD, councilor Robert A. Schwartz, MD, MPH, councilor Patrick O. Brown, MD, PhD, Stanford University Ralph A. O’Connell, MD, New York Medical College

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 45 NEW YORK RHODE ISLAND Albany Medical College The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Neil Lempert, MD, councilor Charlotte M. Boney, MD, councilor Philip Greenland, MD, Director, Northwestern University Patricia K. Donahoe, MD, Harvard Medical School Clinical and Translational Sciences (NUCATS) Institute SOUTH CAROLINA Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons University of South Carolina School of Medicine John C.M. Brust, MD, councilor Joshua T. Thornhill IV, MD, councilor L.D. Britt, MD, Eastern Virginia Medical School L.D. Britt, MD, Eastern Virginia Medical School New York Medical College TENNESSEE William H. Frishman, MD, councilor East Tennessee State University James H. Quillen College of Medicine Joseph Califano, Jr., the National Center on Addiction and Martin Eason, MD, JD, councilor Substance Abuse at Columbia University Bruce E. Woodworth, MD, University of Tennessee Medical State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center College of Center Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine Arthur H. Wolintz, MD, councilor Owen Phillips, MD, councilor Marc Goldstein, MD, FACS, Weill Cornell Medical College Mark Hughes, MD, Genesis Genetics Institute, LLC Stony Brook University Medical Center School of Medicine Jack Fuhrer, MD, councilor TEXAS The Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine John Robbins, MD, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Mark L. Montgomery, MD, councilor Institute of Child Health and Human Development Howard Brody, MD, PhD, University of Texas Medical Branch University at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Institute for the Medical Humanities State University of New York Frank Schimpfhauser, PhD, councilor University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Southwestern Medical School William F. Balistreri, MD, Children’s Hospital Medical Center Kevin Klein, MD, councilor Weill Cornell Medical College Philip A. Mackowiak, MD, VA Maryland Health Care System O. Wayne Isom, MD, councilor Allan H. Goroll, MD, FACP, Massachusetts General Hospital VIRGINIA Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine NORTH CAROLINA Gordon L. Archer, MD, councilor Wake Forest University Health Sciences (School of Medicine) Mark Okusa, MD, FSN, University of Virginia Health Systems K. Patrick Ober, MD, councilor Department of Medicine Henry Epino, MD, Partners in Health, Rwanda WEST VIRGINIA OHIO Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine at Marshall University Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine Bob L. Miller, MD, councilor Denis Lunne, MD, councilor John Glick, MD, The Joy Agency Escrow John W. Pelley, PhD, Texas Tech University Health Science West Virginia University School of Medicine Center Melanie Fisher, MD, MSc, councilor Ohio State University College of Medicine Larry K. Pickering, MD, FAAP Sheryl Pfeil, MD, councilor N. Joseph Espat, MD, Roger Williams Cancer Center, member of the AΩA board of directors Wright State University Boonschoft School of Medicine Linda Barney, MD, councilor Howard Brody, MD, PhD, University of Texas Medical Branch Institute for the Medical Humanities PENNSYLVANIA Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University Clara A. Callahan, MD, councilor Mark L. Tykocinski, MD, Jefferson Medical College Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Robert G. Atnip, MD, councilor Daniel Shapiro, PhD, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine Temple University School of Medicine Amy Goldberg, MD, councilor Blase A. Carabello, MD, Baylor College of Medicine PUERTO RICO Ponce School of Medicine Iván Iriarte, MD, councilor Patricia W. Finn, MD, University of California, San Diego

46 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Student Service Project Awards, 2008/2009

egun in  as the Chapter of the Year award, this Weill Cornell Medical College program was intended to recognize outstanding con- Weill Cornell Youth Scholars Program tributionsB made by an AΩA chapter. In , the program NORTH CAROLINA became the AΩA Chapter Development Awards, aimed at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine UNC Craniofacial Center—Spanish resources encouraging ongoing original and creative programs be- ing carried out by AΩA chapters. In , the program OHIO Wright State University Boonschoft School of Medicine again changed to the AΩA Medical Student Service Project Remote Consultation and Surgical Care of Burn Patients in awards, which became an award available to any student or Underserved Populations group or students at a school with an active AΩA chapter. PENNSYLVANIA Funds of up to $2000 per year, renewable for a second year at Temple University School of Medicine $1000 and a third year at $500, are available to students to aid Web site for Epsilon Chapter of AΩA at Temple University School of in the establishment or expansion of a medical student service Medicine project benefiting a school or its local community. One appli- RHODE ISLAND cation per year per school is allowed, selected by the school’s The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University SNMA Annual Health Fair (second year) AΩA councilor and dean from the proposals submitted. Medical Student Service Projects funded by AΩA during TENNESSEE East Tennessee State University James H. Quillen College of Medicine the / school year were: Trot for Tots K Race Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Shade Tree Family Clinic CALIFORNIA WEST VIRGINIA Loma Linda University School of Medicine West Virginia University School of Medicine Books for San Bernardino Health Fair Teen Reproductive Health Community Outreach Program University of California, Davis, School of Medicine In the Grow University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine UC Irvine Lions’ Club Sight & Hearing Van Renovation FLORIDA 2009 Alpha Omega Alpha Helen H. University of Florida College of Medicine Annual Trot for Tots K Road Race Glaser Student Essay Awards University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Caring HeARTs; Sun Protection Fun (SPF) he twenty-seventh annual Alpha Omega Alpha Helen H. HAWAII Glaser Student Essay awards were made in May of this University of Hawaii at Manoa John A. Burns School of Medicine Tyear. This year’s winners are: JABSOM Health Fair First prize, : Anna Raphael, MD, of the Class of  ILLINOIS at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine for her es- University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences Pritzker say, “The Ethics of Cosmetic Enhancement.” School of Medicine Second prize, : Andrew Radu, MD, of the Class of Asian-Pacific American Medical Student Association—Hepatitis B  at Jefferson Medical College for his essay, “Eudaimonia, Awareness Pritzker Community Service Fellowship (second year) Existentialism, and the Practice of Medicine.” Third prize, : Purushottam Achyut Nagarkar of the MASSACHUSETTS Boston University School of Medicine Class of  at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Haitian Youth Education Program Center at Dallas Southwestern Medical School for his essay, MINNESOTA “Getting Drug Money Out of Doctors’ Offices.” Mayo Medical School Honorable mentions,  each: Crystal Bowe of the Class Winter Warmth Festival of  at the Brody School of Medicine at the University of NEW YORK North Carolina for her essay, “Josiah”; Ryan Darby of the Class Mount Sinai School of Medicine of New York University of  at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine for his th Annual Mount Sinai Community Health Fair essay, “Ethical Issues in Cognitive Enhancement”; and Steven The Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education of the City College Quinn of the Class of  at Northwestern University’s of New York Feinberg School of Medicine for his essay, “The Effect of Health Fair in Harlem Gchat Deprivation on Medical Student Productivity: A Case State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center College of Medicine Study.” Brooklyn Free Clinic

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 47 Alpha Omega Alpha Volunteer Clinical Faculty Awards, 2008/2009

he Alpha Omega Alpha Volunteer Clinical Faculty Award is presented annually by local chapters to recognize com- Tmunity physicians who have contributed with distinction to the education and training of medical students. AΩA provide a permanent plaque for each chapter’s dean’s office; a plate with the name of each year’s honoree may be added each year that the award is given. Honorees receive framed certificates. The recipients of this award in the / academic year !"#$%&'$()*'%+,%&$()-./+'0)) are listed below. %&)1$&0)!%'23)4+50)6778

ALABAMA A boy slips from his swing, University of South Alabama College of Medicine a fall, a FOOSH, a Colles’ fracture, Terr y A . Kurtts, MD angulated and ugly, excruciating, ILLINOIS so very fixable. He holds it up and Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine away; the unnatural S of his wrist and Science curls in question. Richard M. Ahuja, MD Aitken Laura INDIANA A crowd gathers, staring, Indiana University School of Medicine sighing, sucking in lips over R.T. Buck Beeler, MD bottom teeth. You smile at the boy, MASSACHUSETTS drape a towel over his odd arm. University of Massachusetts Medical School A distraction, really, but it’s enough. William Shine, MD The crowd wanders back MICHIGAN to their Frisbees and ice cream. University of Michigan Medical School Anne Frantz, MD The boy cradles his wrist, watches hard your every move. He studies NEW YORK New York Medical College the towel’s rough weave, picks Ronald Weissman, MD at the loops of thread, asks: New York University School of Medicine Are you going to do the magic trick now? Charles G. Hazzi, MD You stop cold. State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center College of Medicine You think of what comes next: Mark H. Jackson, MD emergency room, x-rays, reduction, cast, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry instructions. A simple fix, really. But he Teresa J. Chang , MD believes in you, that you will whisk the towel Weill Cornell Medical College Morton D. Bogdonoff, MD away and he will wave his arm, whole and straight in goodbye. OHIO Ohio State University College of Medicine For a minute, maybe you believe it, too. Dana Vallangeon, MD University of Cincinnati College of Medicine You leave the towel draped. Kurt Froehlich, MD You lift the boy into the ambulance. PENNSYLVANIA You ease slowly towards the hospital. Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University You and the boy rest nestled Melvin L. Moses, MD While there is still time to believe. SOUTH CAROLINA University of South Carolina School of Medicine Christina Crumpecker Jimmy Pacheco-Perez, MD Ms. Crumpecker is a member of the Class of !"## at the TEXAS University of Colorado School of Medicine. This poem won University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, honorable mention in the !""$ Pharos Poetry Competition. Southwestern Medical School Her address is: %#"& S. Parker Road '!("(, Centennial, Colorado Sharon Lee Wiener, MD )""#%. E-mail: [email protected].

48 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 !"#$%&'

We call him “John”— Call us merciless scholars— at first by accident that is how each of us starts, but then by birthright. inspecting bodies like lines of verse upon a metal tablet. We tear skin from fat to the shining muscle and run our scalpels beneath sheaths of tissue. But in our recklessness we will remember, Rougher at times, we break ligaments now and then, what was once common to us, and crack through bone. and before we finish our day’s work, we will gently settle your bones back into place, We are the most thorough of vultures, resting femur to tibia, letting condyles meet. prying him open with steel talons, pressing our gloved fingertips, Cheng Tou and leaving our brutal mark. Ms. Tou is a member of the Class of !"## at the Sophie Davis John, we forget School of Biomedical Education/SUNY Stony Brook School of Medicine. This poem won honorable mention in the !""$ Pharos you were like us— Poetry Competition. The author’s e-mail address is: ctou%&@ when we resurface to our lives gmail.com. and breathe in the laughter of our days, it is so much easier that way. We are learning and sometimes the parts outnumber the whole.

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 49 Alpha Omega Alpha members elected in 2008/2009 Chapters are listed alphabetically by state, province, or country, then in order of charter

ALABAMA CALIFORNIA University of Alabama School of Medicine, University of Alabama at University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine—Alpha Birmingham—Alpha Alabama California Students: Christopher James Compton, Jonathan Allen Dean, Joshua Franklin Dixon, Students: Ramon Francisco Barajas, Christine Lea Bottrell, Molly Martin Burnett, Jennifer Katherine Durst, Caitlin Brianne Halverson, Cynthia Ellis Hill, Mark Logan Brook Anne Calton, Sarah Elizabeth Cipriano, Sanket Shishir Dhruva, Laura Beth Hill, David Alexander Jackson, Jonathan Kelsie Jennings, Virginia Louise Jones, Selma Epstein, Angela Marie Feraco, Melissa Madeleine Fitch, Katherine Kinder Gregg, Zukic Kominek, William Russell May Jr, Ashlee Hope McQueen, Andrew Mitchell Christopher Robert Jones, Daniel Hyun Kim, Megan Irene Loring, Rebecca Gwynee Nunn, Jayendrakumar Shantilal Patel, John Keith Roberts, Cheryl H Robertson, Maine, Kevin E Marsee, Jessica Christine Myers, Ryan George O’Malley, Maya Liv Scott Andrew Sarrels, Jumin Sunde, Brentley Richard Taylor, Jeffrey C Thompson, Petersen, Matthew James Roosevelt, David Lawrence Stahl, Sam Van Truong, Brynn Melanie Monroe Venable, Joshua Crocker Waits, Kathryn Nicole Weaver, Alexander Jessica Utley, Aruna Venkatesan, Darcy Alison Wooten C Whitley, Timothy Alphonzo Williams, Rebecca C Wylie Alumni: Herbert Gene Hern, Susan Runyan Alumni: William Michael Hall, George Martin Solomon Faculty: Christopher Childers Stewart, Daniel M Wlodarczyk Faculty: James H Willig, Parekha Yedla House staff: Gabriel Martin Ortiz, Read G Pierce, Sarah B Wilson House staff: Kerri Sparks Bevis, Shannon A Bryant, Alicia C Vogt Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California—Gamma University of South Alabama College of Medicine—Beta Alabama California Students: Jason Douglas Brazelton, Amber Klaraonna Brown, Kristin Diane Flowers, Students: Lawrence Francis Borges Jr, Laurie Leigh Brunette, Julie Catherine Burnett, James Richard Frost, Haley Brooke Hallman, George Augustus Nelson IV, Sarah Eisha Anne Christian, Julia Lucia Cormano, Brett Cronin, Cambria Leigh Garell, Silver Payne, Daniel Russell Robinson, John Robert Ross, Jennifer Cannon Sykora, Anne James Goldsberry, Gregory Henderson, Alexander Robert Jack, Kali Rose Luker, Scott T Watson Rojeh Melikian, Ronen Nazarian, Ardalan Alen Nourian, Kathryn White Russell, Alumni: Robert Aland Levin Thuzar Myo Shin, Brendan McCluskey Smith, Christopher Forrest Thompson, Faculty: R Michael Culpepper Christopher Arthur Tokin, Eric Brendan Tygenhof, Rebecca Wolk House staff: Stephen Wayne Landreneau Faculty: Eric Hsieh ARIZONA David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA—Delta California Students: Jennifer Ahdout, Michelle Yvonne Arnold, Justin Harris Barad, Maria K University of Arizona College of Medicine—Alpha Arizona Berkman, Meenakshi Bhasin, Cherie Cerella Cross, Trenton Drew Custis, Valerie Students: Nataliya Biskup, Joy Elizabeth Bulger, Michelle Catherine Burke, Courtney Rae Davis, Luu Cortes Doan, Ersne Eromo, Casey Andrew Grover, Mitchell Thor Castoro, Scott Morris Cheney, Andrew C Duarte, Jacob Stephen Feldman, Lida Gudmundsson, Nicole Kalani Hetzer, Margaret Hsu, Brittany Joy Kazmierski, Sheila Pamela Hariri, Christina Hayhurst, Zachary Piazza Kahler, Amber Clare May, Payam Krishna, Jennifer Ciewann Lau, Elizabeth Nguyen Le, Ana Lopez-O’Sullivan, Mish Vali Morgan, Thomas Jonathan Jackson Oberg, Jessica Casas Reedy, Robert Wayne Mizrahi, Aarti Rani Puri, Javay Monique Ross, Laura Tochen, Linh Le Tran, Maureen Ricciotti, Ali M Rkein, Tara A Saunders, Emily Marie Schaaf, Sierra Christine Wolter Veronica Villasenor, Uwais Zaid Alumni: Vincent Mark Kresha, Tracey Lynn Kurtzman, David Andrew Pedersen Faculty: Sean P Elliott, Glen Yo Kishi Loma Linda University School of Medicine—Epsilon California House staff: Mark Andrew Brown, Derek A Merrill Students: Shelley A Caltharp, Chansa Cha, Danielle M Chan, Eric Chicheung Chow, Kimberly Elyse Conley, Michael Anthony Davis, Michelle Love Sellona Donton, Lisal ARKANSAS Stevens Folsom, Heidi Kristina Forberg, Matthew Aaron Hiersche, Matthew Douglas University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Medicine—Alpha Higgins, Ryan Hsi, Sarah Marie Korando, LaVonne Marie Meadows, Patrick Seong Arkansas Moon, Steven Edward Munson, Bjorn Karl Peterson, David Michael Plunkett, Daniel Students: Rami O Almefty, Ross Michael Blagg, John White Bracey, Allison Jane Andrew Poon, Amber Kathleen Sabbatini, Jessica Jennifer Sutton, Daniel Torres, Burbank, Megan Marie Chang, Jonathan Telfer Clark, Dana Jo Coker, Lynn Marie Zachary Peter Vandegriend, Aaron Eugene Wagner, Benjamin Winarko, Olivia Chen Davis, Brita Sward Deacon, George William Deimel IV, Kristen Mitchell Dishongh, Winarko Amy Melissa Dossey, Nicole Elizabeth Frederick, David Powell Hayes, James Luther Faculty: David Kelvin Bland Head, Scott Kerwin Hudson, Thomas Alan Jennings, Lauren Nicole Leach, Nathanael House staff: Joseph Marshall Bowen, Chad Marc Harbour David McLeod, Kurt James Messer, Evan Neil Newbolt, Jonathan Andrew Reding, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine—Zeta California Danielle Renee Sterrenberg, Cathryn Joyce Vadala, Andrew Gordon West, Deidre Students: Stephanie Yajai Channual, Lauren Cheung, Cristina Renee Clause, Molly Lynn Wyrick Rebecca Deane, Shilpa Gattu, Jason Hyunsoo Lee, Janet M Lim, Jamie Maria Alumni: Chadwick Taylor Rodgers McGuire, Miriam Naqvi, Joseph Michael Pirolo, Neera Sodhi, Kimberly Sue Stone, Faculty: James Neville Pasley, Gerald Bradley Schaefer Emily Liu Wang House staff: Jamie Ladd Burton, Lakisha Lynn Lee, Daniel Ray Young University of California, Davis, School of Medicine—Eta California Students: Neal Maxwell Berger, Elizabeth Hayden Brannan, Nicolas Dimitri Brown, Tatiana Catanzarite, Cynthia Joy Chambers, Erin Rae Glenn, Joseph Patrick Henry, Albert Lu, Ryan Adams Metcalf, Bobeck Sam Modjtahedi, Elizabeth Nakamura, Christine Osterhout, Mondhipa Ratnarathorn, Balvinder Renu Rehal, Conor Schaye, Albert Truong

50 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Alumni: Timothy Eugene Albertson House staff: Raymond Glenn Cutro Jr Faculty: G Patrick Daubert, Karnjit Johl Florida State University College of Medicine—Delta Florida COLORADO Students: Shawn Agee, Corinne N Brann, Elving Colon, Leslie Davis-Singletary, Eboni Malkia Ellis, H William Higgins II, Shannon Nottingham Hill, Mary Ann Johnson, University of Colorado School of Medicine—Alpha California Christina Blue Marquez, Jennifer Maziad, Becky McGilligan, Kristen Beth Morrell, Students: Rola Atiyah Altoos, Taghrid A Altoos, Dale Bevans Cassidy, Melinda Chanel Stephen Charles Viel Cushing, Brandy Delane Drake, Brian Early Driver, Nassrene Yousef Elmadhun, Faculty: Michael Joseph Muszynski Ryan James Fante, Lisa Sue Foley, Aaron Edward Kornblith, Scott Edward Mann, Bradley Clark Nelson, Anna Tagmo Neumeier, Neil Thomas Phippen, Marlin Dustin GEORGIA Richardson, Susan Jane Ripper, Esperanza Felicita Salazar, Toby Oliver Steele, Daniel Medical College of Georgia School of Medicine—Alpha Georgia Eugene Swanson, Gregory Jay Wing, Lucy Elizabeth Zumwinkle Students: Neil Amin, Jeremy R Anthony, Jessica Nicole Bentley, Emily Bland, Hans DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Carlson, Colleen E. Cherry, Kent J. Delay, William Linwood Emerson, Felicia Carolyn Fountain, Jeffrey H Goldberg, Mark Robert Green, Stephen Marshal Miles Hawkins, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Kristen Leigh Herrick, Leslie F. Horn, Gregory D Kalv, Sunny Singh Khichi, Robert Sciences—Alpha District of Columbia Andrew Lehn, Robin Nicole Ligler, Shinko Koko Lin, Jillian Erin Martell, Farzad Students: Cameron Keith Berg, Laura Jean Berg, Niraj Bhalakia, Nirali Bhatt, Ali Masroor, Yosuke Nomura, Lavanya Parachuru, William Patrick Parker, Sarita Kathleen Chiotos, Jeremiah Davis, Amy G Fiedler, Kevin Gibbs, Jill Gibson, Jamie Ashokkumar Patel, Jeremy Jacob Prine, Kendall Hugh Rader, Cheryl Esther Reese, Farrah Gilberg, Jennifer Brooke Goldstein, Stephanie Jacks, Matthew Lewis, Kelly Jena Jo Taylor, Weston T. Waxweiler, Karen Leigha Zimowski Martin, Marsha Dore Mitchum, Amar Singh Narula, Maryam Nazemzadeh, Faculty: Janis Strickland Coffin Yevgeniya Nusinovich, Nitin J Patel, Vivek Vinay Patil, Arun Rajaram, Dominique Lan House staff: Nojan Valadi Rash, Erich John Renner, Jonathan Roberts, Christopher Ian Scott, Sarah Wartman, Steven Jonathan Weissbart Emory University School of Medicine—Beta Georgia Faculty: Christina Marie Puchalski, Katalin Roth Students: Laura Elizabeth Agnew, Ian Brear Campbell, Sharon Elizabeth Engel, House staff: Guillermo Jose Ballarino, Katherine Lynne Garland, Dean Mark Kirkel Brandon Kenneth Fornwalt, Justin Stanley Gordon, Meredith Louise Holtz, Richard Benjamin Johnson, Jesse Jeno Jung, Nicole Leigh Kansier, Erin Wyatt Kinney, David Georgetown University School of Medicine—Beta District of Columbia Mitchell Marcus, Megan Jean McKee, Rachel Laura Medbery, Katharine Fowler Students: Michael Richard Acord, Matthew Will Beuchel, Jason Robert Biehl, Moore, Robert Francis Murphy, Elenore Elizabeth Patterson, Ximena Alexandra Nicholas Benjamin Caruana, Garrett Matthew Chinn, Brett Austin Collander, Mihir Pinell, Marae Bernard Shewmaker, Adam B Shrewsberry, Malcolm Hart Squires, Jitendra Desai, Jacob Louis Freeman, Ryan Barton Gerecht, Leanne Rita Griffin, Lisa Breanne Elizabeth Terakedis, Francesca Jessica Weiss, John Hiram Woodruff Carey Grossman, Glenn Jerome Hanna, Barry Glenn Hansford, Kristen Ann Hudak, Faculty: H Jean Khoury, Carl Vincent Washington Richard Reza Jahan-Tigh, Katherine Bennett Jones, Lawrence Stephen Long Jr, House staff: Avani Patel Ingley, Karen Lee-Lin Law, Andrew Page Grant William Mallory, Trevor Charles McIver, Lindsay Anne Meijer, Andrew David Nicholson, Melissa Jane Nicosia, Kari Lynne Oftedal, Mona Leigh Rezai, Patrick Morehouse School of Medicine—Gamma Georgia Christopher Schottel, Ryan Shanahan, Bridget Aurora Sinnott, Justin Wing Lun Tong, Students: Stacey Michelle Cobb, Jacqueline Faulkner, Pavan Kavali, Opeyemi Elaine Lisa Marie Vann, Diego Vicente Lamikanra, Sophia K Mirza, Snehal Ghanshyam Patel, Heidi Ty Woessner, Faresa House staff: David Anthony Bruno, Krit Kitisin Zarreen Howard University College of Medicine—Gamma District of Columbia Mercer University School of Medicine—Delta Georgia Students: Soraya Ally, Rishi Balkissoon, Enoch Elie Faustin, Abreham B Feleke, Students: Amanda M Evans, Heidi Jane Hendricker, Bradley Adam Hobbs, George Giuliana Patricia Geng, Michael Martin Buford Green, Naishai Renee Herrin, Frantz Pittman Hotz, Robert Lloyd Lott, Timothy Justin Osborne, Neal Patrick Passante, R Lerebours, Daniel E Mansour, Menarvia K Nixon, Ifeoma Yvonne Nwaneri, Neil Samuel Perry Robinson, Steven Schaeffer Spires K Roy, Martin Ucanda, Michael Waudo Wangia, Katreena Ayana Whitted, Gregory Alumni: Bruce Taylor Burns, Henry Edward Roberts Vernon Williams Faculty: James McGuire Cunningham, Erskine Anthony James Alumni: Billie MW Adams House staff: Andrew Perry Bozeman, Marie Owsley Easterlin, Vincent Carl Scoglietti Alumni: Consuelo Hopkins Wilkins, Wayne Alex Ian Frederick III House staff: Cindy Nicole Bowen, Winoah Anya Henry, Monique Margareta Tim HAWAII Powell-Davis University of Hawaii at Manoa John A Burns School of Medicine—Alpha FLORIDA Hawaii University of Miami Miller School of Medicine—Alpha Florida Students: Hazel Lim Abinsay, Daniel Chee-ing Cheng, Keith C Errecart, Aimee Students: Rachel Hannah Bardowell, Liat N Corcia, Kenneth Matthew Crandall, Malia Grace, Maxine Alexis Karimoto, Briana J Lau, Katie R M Linskey, Lauren Nitta Yehuda Ethan Deutsch, Arieh Lev Fox, Esther Danielle Garazi, Jamie Nicole Graddy, Maeda, Carrie S Marshall, Kristyn Mieko Kitabayashi Nishimoto, Sheri Michiko Charles H Kim, Jennifer Renai King, Kimberly D Koppenbrink, Jack Louro, Timothy Shimizu Philip Love, Tahira Mathen, Edward Mezerhane, Rajiv Indar Nijhawan, Harsh Alumni: Wendell K S Foo, Sandy Miyono Tsuhako Chittaranjan Patel, Kevin Michael Perry, Raj Suresh Rajpara, Jessica Ellyn Ravikoff, Faculty: Marian Elizabeth Melish, Seiji Yamada Robert S Reznik, Jennifer Elise Runco, Nasheer Azeem Sachedina, Michael Ian House staff: David Inouye, Ryon Nakasone, Kelly Setsuko Yamasato Shiman, Clayton Michael Smith, Jayanth S Sridhar, Sarah Anne Stechschulte, Derek ILLINOIS Daniel Ulvila, Soham Suketu Vakil, Nupur Verma University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine—Alpha Illinois Alumni: Robert S Kirsner, Edgar Joseph Pierre Students: Ambar Atta Afshar, Osmanuddin Ahmed, Thomas Ryan Alcorn, Asma Faculty: Maureen Helen Lowery, Carla Lupi Arayan, Jason John Carroll, Kristen Ann Chambers-Damm, JoEllen Sedlack Channon, House staff: Richard Michael Dreize, Haneen Salilh Yasin Luke Alexander Falesch, Rebecca Marguerite Garza, Melissa Marie Grunloh, Ellen University of Florida College of Medicine—Beta Florida Therese Haas, Alina Huang, Andrea Hui, Bridget Kampman, Jonathan Robert Students: James Robert Barron, Erica Acosta Bartelt, Casey Beal, Christina Ann Manning Kaplan, Elham Karamooz, Lana Nour Kashlan, David Ung Kim, Nikki Na Brezing, Farokh Rustom Demehri, Benjamin Holcombe, Amanda Kay Hooper, Megan Yoen Kim, Hannah Koh, Baia Jasmine Lasky, Judy Z T Liu, Jessica Danielle Madden, Lee Johnson, Hannah Louise Keirnes, Pui Y Lee, Jessica Sun Liao, Peter Milano, Beeran Meghpara, Adam Meisel, Arya Mohabbat, Christopher H Moore, Raghuveer Andrew Frederick Miller, Eunice Pae, Timothy Devon Replogle, Travis Dennis Muppavarapu, Sahar Nadimi, Alexander Rudolph Orem, Evan Charles Osmundson, Richardson, Elissa Anne Rosen, Philip Oliver Scumpia, Bradley Swinson, David Alison Palumbo, Kevin Patel, Nalini Rajagopal, Yoona Rhee, Melissa Richard, Esther Qiyuan Wang Ro, Brent Aaron Rocke, David Rodriguez, Mark Nathan Rubin, Michael John Ryan, Faculty: Michael Good, Abraham Joseph Layon Andrew Sapthavee, John Christopher Selby, Nandan Shah, Scott E Sheehan, Deepa House staff: David Alberto Iglesias Sheth, Mark Patrick Smyth, Adam Nathan Wallace, Nichole Elizabeth Wiepert, James University of South Florida College of Medicine—Gamma Florida Anthony Wrzosek, Jennifer Yeh, John-Paul Jaewoon Yu Students: Trevor Born, Hope Angela Bueller, Hugh Davis, David Eliot Goldner, University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences Pritzker School of Melissa Grillo, Douglas Ivancsits, Erika Johnson, Jessica Keshishian, Christopher Medicine—Beta Illinois Koltz, Coren Menendez, Mark Oldham, Salma Pothiawala, Chad Geroge Rusthoven, Students: Faraz Shafique Ahmad, Regina-Celeste Shahnaz Ahmad, Karen Lynn Bauer, David A Sallman, Jessica Teav, Veronica Tucci, Marie Vasher, Gwennaelle Armelle Alexandra Briggs, Nadieska Caballero, Patrick Dillon, Ryan T Foley, Vanitha Isaac Wilson, Charlotte Z Woods-Hill Johnson, Neena Kapoor, Ross Kessler, Shakirat Omolara Oyetunji, Riddhi Patel, Faculty: John Dillon Carter, Charurut Somboonwit

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 51 New members, 2008/2009

Lindsay Ann Petty, Jami Rothe, Talya Salant, Mark Timothy Silvestri, Shashank IOWA Shekhar Sinha, Ramsey Tate, Ramsey Tate, Timothy Paul Vanderbilt University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine—Alpha Alumni: Douglass B Given, Kim Allan Williams Iowa Faculty: Vineet Arora, Poj Lysouvakon Students: Aaron Timothy Althaus, Bret Dwight Alvis, Julie Ann Ames, Eric John House staff: Mukta Vasant Katdare, Arjmand Rasool Mufti Askeland, Philip Chen, Elizabeth Marie Damstetter, Stephanie Ann Egts, Jessica Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine—Gamma Illinois Anne Enns, Norah Anne Foster, Jennifer Jane Halbesleben, Ryan Hegg, Roya Ijadi- Students: Gregory B Auffenberg, Kristin Berona, Natasha D Bosma, Thomas Maghsoodi, Jenna Kubat, Anna Marie Marcinow, John James McAnelly, Gary Rex S Brinton, Benjamin Chen, Sabeen Dhand, Raymond Hah, Poonam Laxmappa Nelson, Aaron Michael O’Brien, Grant Peterson, Heather Pontasch, Steven William Hosamani, Sunil Kapur, Lauren Elizabeth Kerr, Sadiya Sana Khan, Jared Wilson Klein, Purtle, Jay Frederick Rilinger, James Benjamin Robbins, Derek James Robinson, Erica Melissa Marinelli, Amanda Kate Marma, Neha Mehta, Anne Katherine Mongiu, Christine Savage, Amy Beth Schminke, Alynna Kristen Schulert, Matthew Sutton, David Page, Jonathan Park, Brian William Patterson, Vinay Rawlani, Anne Elizabeth Melissa Lynne Yeats, Tameem Mahmoud Yehyawi, Adam Ziemann Scott, Eric Alexander Secemsky, Shivani Manoj Shah, Saranya Srinivasan, Debasish Alumni: Corrine M Ganske Sundi, Jonathan Michael Tresley, Gustavo Eduardo Velasquez, Anita Prakash Vin Faculty: Patricia Kirby Alumni: Edward Shingo Ogata, Reed Omary KANSAS Faculty: Patrick M McCarthy, Douglas Vaughan House staff: Sarah McGann Donlan, Clara Filice, Matthew Harinstein University of Kansas School of Medicine—Alpha Kansas Students: Justin Robert Bond, Caleb J Bowers, Bruce Allan Bowser, Christian Patrick Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Conderman, Erica Jean Red Corn, Stephanie Dobler, Bethany Enoch, Timothy James Science—Delta Illinois Fendler, Melissa Kay Garber, Stefanie Michelle Green, Michael Thomas Hagan, Students: Blake Vance Acohido, Farnaz Khosh Aghideh, Shelly Barnes, Adam Bridget LeeAnn Harrison, Anita Anjali Hegde, Jeremiah Robert Kempke, Ryan D Herman Bauer, Amy Charlotte Boudreau, Steven Benjamin Carr, Tammy Chen, David LaSota, Robert Benjamin Legler, Christopher S Liverman, Shriti Masrani, Sean M Zen Chow, Merrit Marion DeBartolo, Anisiia T Doytchinova, Andrew Josef Fink, O’Neill, Adam Jacob Obley, Kimberlee Dian Reetz, Cole P Ritchie, Luke Spencer- Robert Freed, Cyle S Goodman, Aliya Sabrina Hasham, Lee Anne Jasper, Yashar Gardner, Emily Stevens, Laura Ann Thomas, Daniel Aaron West, Laura Christine Javidan, Brian James Klika, Christopher Lawrence Kramer, Amanda Lee Livingston, Westfall, Zachary Allen Winter, Joseph Raymond Zenisek Jillian Shane Main, Matthew David Maxwell, Heidi Rose Morris, Pikul Bhupendra Alumni: Gary Christopher Doolittle, Melissa Leigh Parkhurst Patel, Niloufar Paydar-Darlan, Ajay Aroor Rao, Lauren Ashley Ross, Amanda Beth Faculty: Kevin Michael Mulhern Rostkowski, Eric Joseph Schenk, Mahdie Seyed, Robert Toroussian, Samantha House staff: Ryan B Hays, Kevin Kyle Raymer, Jeremy R Schue Winsor, Wendy W Wong Alumni: Philip Bruce Dray, Theresa Kepic KENTUCKY Faculty: David Anthony Garfield, Stuart Kiken University of Louisville School of Medicine—Alpha Kentucky House staff: Sasikanth Adigopula, Umee Davae, Nishant B Jalandhara Students: Nabeel Azeem, James Bell, Brandon C Cain, Johnathan Casey, Joshua Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine—Epsilon Illinois Jeffrey Christensen, Angela Marie Cox, Troy Austin Davis, Jenna Leigh Dismore, Students: Ian D Augustin, John Matthew Binder, Christina E Boots, Kara Anne Laura Elizabeth Dries, Stephanie Nicole Grant, Lauren Holt Jackson, William Scott Brogan, Brian David Dalm, Erin Louise Doren, Michael Ginsburg, Ross Andrew Jones, Denis Jusufbegovic, Brian Walter Kaebnick, Ganesh K Kartha, Daniel Bruce Gliniecki, William Adrian Hall, Chase Michael Heaton, Estelle Claire Kahn, Lia Kischnick, Stephanie Lynn Logsdon, Beth Nicole McNulty, Landen Alan Meeks, Kaufman, Matthew James Koster, Austine Marie Kuder, Jennifer Marie Lavin, Jeffrey Mark Meyer, Mary Scott Roberts, Hannah Marie Ryan, Kasey Rae Strothman, Marlana Mun-Yun Li, Nathaniel Reid Little, Ryan Patrick Morton, David Kenneth William Lee Titsworth, Amy Lynn Yancey, Sarah Zaheer, Jennifer Allison Zeliger Myer, Katie Lynne O’Sullivan, Danielle Marie Riccardi, Kevin James Rycyna, Jeffrey Faculty: Kristine Joy Krueger, Richard Redinger Raymond SooHoo, Joshua James Thom, Abigail Duncan Winder House staff: Purva Gopal, Yasmeen Shaw, Anthony Russell Theile Faculty: Vikram Clifford Prabhu University of Kentucky College of Medicine—Beta Kentucky House staff: Devyani Lal, Christopher D McClung, David King Mikolyzk Students: Joshua Lee Carter, Bethany Carol Cox, Ben Elitzur, Katherine Freedman, Rush Medical College of Rush University Medical Center—Zeta Illinois Hillary M Harper, Matthew Ryan Luckett, Joseph Wilson Owen, Yasmin Khan Students: Astha Agrawal, Jill Christina Anderson, Danny Bega, Jonathan Cheponis, Parrish, Gregory Luther Repass, Tandy S Repass, Jay Naresh Shah, Alexis Vien Michelle Therese Chevalier, Matthew Spencer Currie, Lesley McMurry Felsten, LEBANON Brian Christopher Goss, Diana Appolonia Guse, Bradley Jason Hewlett, Silas John Hoxie, Christian R Malalis, Rachel R Osborn, Courtney Marie Pigott, Carly Elizabeth American University of Beirut School of Medicine—Alpha Lebanon Seaberg, Alexander Noor Shoushtari, Jessica Suzanne Sinnott, Dorothy Jeanne Todt, Students: Faysal Saadallah Haroun, Anthony Elias Tannous Andrea Dawn Toulson, Elizabeth Ann Weldon Alumni: Habib Abbas Dakik House staff: Faek Rashid Jamali, Zeinab Fawzi Saleh Southern Illinois University School of Medicine—Eta Illinois Students: Sofya Helena Asfaw, Martha Lynn Hlafka, Matthew Charles Johnson, Heath LOUISIANA Aaron Laughlin, Gina Marie Paulauskis, Drew Campbell Peterson, Sania S Raza, Neal Tulane University School of Medicine—Alpha Louisiana Daniel Rushforth, Ashley Michelle Starwalt, Joshua Aaron Turner, Lacey Lea Ufkes Students: Christi Anne Baker, Jill Tanenbaum Cierny, Lauren Elizabeth Fritz, Alumni: Rebecca Lynn Johnson Debbie Ann Fromstein, Andrea Driscoll Germond, Ryan David Goff, Katie Hall, Faculty: Reuben Allen Bueno Jr Ann E Hansen, Arthur Edmund Hess, Anne Louise Housholder, Pamela Stuart House staff: Damon Sean Cooney, Christine Susan Hwang, Nishith K Singh Jones, Kathryn Gallagher Kerisit, Joshua Ryan Leo, Lester Yuqun Leung, Jacqueline INDIANA Marie Magne, Colleen Tamara Millegan, Lena Adnan Omar, Kevin Park, Sarah E Sartain, Lindsay Anne Stevens, Russell Presley Swann, Christine Swanson, Vanessa Indiana University School of Medicine—Alpha Indiana Students: Christi Ann Arnerich, Maggie Kathleen Benson, Ryan Thomas Borne, Jared Vanderpool, Brett James Welke E Boyd, Timothy Brandon Campbell, Apoorva Chawla, Lori A Clark, Julie Marie Faculty: Juan Carlos Duchesne, Ben P Sachs Clary, Leah D Craft, Radhika B Dave, Benjamin Russell Felix, Kevin Donald Hardt, House staff: Elijah Hamilton Beaty, David Wickliffe Victor III Ryan Kristopher Harrison, Brandon Jeffrey Hayes, Matthew Aaron Hazzard, John Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans—Beta H Holden, Matthew M Jones, Emily Catherine Keller, Kathryn T Wannemuehler Louisiana Lannert, Matthew James Locker, Justin Scott Malenkos, Andrew S McDaniel, Students: Jacques Francois Ancelet, Richard Louis Arceneaux, Evan Atkinson, Matthew Jordan Miller, Joshua R Mitchell, Vivianne Carole Montgrain, Roger H Elizabeth Ashby Ball, Joseph P Bergeron, Jason Paul Eastlack, Katherine Celeste Morse, John William Nay, Cassandra Corinne Neureiter, Dustin Lee Norton, Randy Faust, Scott Michael Francioni, Evan William Gwyn, Bernadette Ann Harris, Seth Phillip Orr, Laura Maureen Pezzuto, Michael Robert Polin, Aparna Raj, Lauren C Bartus Hayes, Melissa Leigh Hester, David Christopher Karam, Suzette G Kingston, Rakes, Caroline Elizabeth Rouse, Laila F Saied, Jesse J Savage, Sunny Schaeuble, Samineh Madani, Dana Adele Marshall, Ray Cody Mayo III, Russell Ruben Russo, Zachary J Tempel, Christopher James Therasse, Sean M Thompson, Richard Jason Blake Saltaformaggio, Erick Roy Sanchez, Steven A Schneider, Charles Barrett Smith, VonDerHaar, Chad Heidt Weaver, Sarah Carlson Yamaguchi, Daniel Alberto Yelfimov, Joshua Allen Wilensky David Adam Zopf Faculty: Neeraj Jain Alumni: Mathew Reppert Galvin House staff: Matthew Carey Foy, William Franklin Sherman Faculty: Stephen Paul Bogdewic, John Joseph Coleman III Louisiana State University School of Medicine at Shreveport—Gamma House staff: John Daniel Abad, David Creighton Rissing Louisiana Students: Rachel Lesniewski Bates, Margaret A Beadle, Jana Alaine Beckett, Matthew Joseph Clavenna, Lauren Claire Ditta, Tommy Jeffrey Gould, Sheena Gurwara,

52 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Lindsey Kobetz Hall, Ann Holland Henderson, Jacob James Jorns, Christopher Cody Gregory Andrew Durm, Laura Anne Gadzala, Austin Matthew Gross, Meredith Jean Landry, Blake Joseph LeBlanc, Jaclynn Michelle Lehman, Sara Margarett Mullins, Hall, Lindsay Ann Hampson, Brian Francis Herbst Jr, Alisa Khan, David Christopher Jessica L Patrick, Michael James Reed, Lowery Anne Rogers, Ashley Elizabeth Sittig, Lange, Karen Lo Maule, Stephen McHugh, Laurel Elizabeth Mianecki, Ariel Alison Denise Smith, Jeffrey Francis Szot, Eric Weissmann Ann Palanca, Brita Roy, Daniel Saddawi-Konefka, Terry Shih, Katharine Bourdet MARYLAND Simmons, Robert Matthew Smith, Deepak Kudavalli Somashekar, Peter Douglas Sottile, Caitlin Stork, Nicole Elizabeth Webb Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine—Alpha Maryland Wayne State University School of Medicine—Beta Michigan Students: Michael Alperovich, Michael Franklin Brinkley, Jennifer Kylien Chen, Louis Students: Sayf A Al-katib, Grant J Bailey, Aaron Edward Barry, William McKenna Tuong Chinh Dang, Neal Arledge deJong, Jeffrey Peter Fiorenza, Michael David Braaksma, Autumn Jade Broady, Britton Joseph Carter, Qing-Min Chen, Johanna George, Phillip John Gray Jr, Rozalina Grubina, Gregory Thomas Havlena, Steven Rose Coughlin, Stephanie Ann Dean, Robert Neal Falconer, Aaron Andrew Glaeser, Hsu, Jesse Wade Keller, Gargi Divya Khare, Jo Marin Martin, Marisa Eileen Meyer, Nathan Joseph Gonik, Anna M Hehl, Joanna N Hooten, Marian Mohsen Ibrahim, Timothy Michael Niessen, Alison Payne Reid, Daniel Brookner Stein, Sarah Ruth Cerine Jeanty, Steven E Kammann, Aaron Min Kang, Mark Kim Kelly, Alla Kwitny, Temple, Jana Lynn Vandegrift, Laura DeLong Wood, Ryan Michael Zimmerman Christopher Zi-Soen Lam, Laurel Aerial Leithauser, Victor Suva-Viola Mangona, Alumni: Arthur Louis Burnett, Donna Lynn Magid Emily R Mclaren, Patricia May Myers-Gurevitch, Daniel Aaron Osborn, Dominic Faculty: Scott Mitchell Wright, Martha Allen Zeiger W Pelle, Mihailo Popovic, Meredith Lindsay Price, Ishai Samo Ross, Johanna R House staff: William Arthur Fischer II, Christopher Simon Hourigan, Jason A Scheer, Richard John Schildhouse, Eirwen Murray Scott, Nicole Renee Seleno, Clint Williams Douglas Simpson, Adam King Skrzynski, Sakiko Suzuki, Mary Elizabeth Tanski, Senja University of Maryland School of Medicine—Beta Maryland Tomovic, Erica P Vanderkooy, Timothy Owen VanderKooy, Stephen VanHaerents, Students: Amir Ali Abdel-Wahab, Richard Charles Bryson, Ling-Xin Chen, Eva Amber L Warnat, Nathan Thomas Zwagerman Derecskei, Kristina M Frogale, Ida Leah Gitajn, Lindsay Blake Goicochea, Smitha Michigan State University College of Human Medicine—Gamma Michigan Seetharama Gowda, Brian Harkavy, Mira Goldring Herman, Ashley Samantha Huber, Students: Sahil P Attawala, Jamie Lynn Bell, David Edward Hoffelder, Derek Matthew Cara Beth Kurlander, Sean Michael McAvoy, Horatiu Muresan, Kristin M Powell, Nusbaum, Andrea Jean Marie Olson, Kristin Prentiss Ott, Matthew T Stepanovich, Janae Preece, Anand Natvarlal Rajpara, Mary Maynadier Rhodes, Zachary Joseph Jack Arthur Talsma, Robert Mauro Van Haren, Linnelle A Veldhouse, John Francis Roberts, Michael Joseph Santiago, Michael T Sein, Sarah Elizabeth Sharfstein, Hadas Wechter, Sarah May Winston Skupsky, Daniel Lewis Suzman, Noam A VanderWalde Alumni: Thomas John Carlson Alumni: Morton Kramer Faculty: John Bernard O’Donnell, Kenneth D Rosenman Faculty: Richard J Battafarano, Robert Kang Shin House staff: Abhijeet Dhoble, Beatrice G Zepeda House staff: Neda Frayha, Joseph Robert Scalea, Eric A Schwartz MINNESOTA Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences F Edward Hébert School of Medicine—Gamma Maryland University of Minnesota Medical School—Twin Cities—Alpha Minnesota Students: Christopher Backus, Brad Ballard, Todd Balog, Charisma C Bautista, Students: Philip Vincent Barbosa, Roy Gordon Bryan Jr, Terence Calvin Burns, Scott Eric Bevans, Kimberly Blair Caldwell, Grant K Cochran, Wilfred P De La Michelle Delilah Carlson, Katherine Leigh Coffey-Vega, Andrew Thomas Day, Cruz, Michael Shane Dent, Richard Eide III, Eric S Grenier, Liesl S Grenier, Jeffrey Renee Marie Donahue, Bryan Mackenzie Donald, Cory Amanda Donovan, Ronda Alan Guthrie, Anna Xuzi Hang, Emily Hathaway, Nathanael Edward Hathaway, Samir Farah, Michael Joseph Felten, Chad Michael Ferguson, Mohammad Abraham Andrew Peter Hurvitz, Christopher Charles Ledford, Corey Michael Mossop, Kirsten Kazemizadeh Gol, Andrew James Grossbach, Thomas Martin Hauth, Patrick Kevin Elizabeth Oldach, Travis C Russell, Matthew John Swenson, Bradley Michael Taylor, Horst, Brandon Rupert Johnson, Stacy Briana Krueth, Justin Graham Laube, Michael Michael Kenneth Tiger, Edward R Utz, Priscilla Hiu-Chun Wong James Lawson, Sarah Anne McAvoy, Mark Andrew McCarthy, Joshua James Mooney, Faculty: Pamela M Williams, Kenneth Scott Yew David Douglas Nelsen, Amelia Rachel Nelson, Molly Jean Ness, Megan Joy Olejnicak, House staff: Jeffrey McClean, Paul D Sargent Matthew David Olson, Jonathan Carl Papic, Erin Lee Peterson, Melissa Ann Plog, MASSACHUSETTS Kristin Maria Pokorney, Theodora Anne Potretzke, Meredith Anne Saylor, Kristi Jo Schneider, Sandra JoAnne Schultz Tufts University School of Medicine—Beta Massachusetts MISSISSIPPI Students: Adam Lee Ackerman, Naomi B Anker, Marilyn Barry, Kerry E Biggs, Joseph Ewing Bornstein, Audrey Lee Daggan, Danielle K DePeralta, Laura Michelle Doyon, University of Mississippi School of Medicine—Alpha Mississippi Kyle Andrew Drullinger, Adam Todd Griska, Stephanie-Marie Lynn Jones, Daniel G Students: Stephen Patrick Bergin, Christopher Welch Carr, Cory Blake Carter, Miriam Kahn, Alice Leung, Michelle Long, David Alan Lyczkowski, Theodore Eric Macnow, Gomez-Sanchez, Bradley Noel Greenhaw, Nicholas Jerome Hendricks, Samantha Jessica Ann Mitchell, David Grant Munson, Mathew Adam Niemi, Rebecca Anne Dawn Morris, Michael Jordan Ray, Robert Andrew Rice, Matthew Allen Sample, O’Neill, Laurel A Parker, Sameer Puri, Ravin Ratan, Michael Silverman, Kara Michelle Gagandeep (Angela) Kaur Sood, Matthew Scott Stevens, Kelly Brian Thompson, Smith, Hanni Stoklosa, Brett Alden Sylvia, Katherine Leigh Zaleski Newton Brookshire Wiggins, Jeremy Beau Wigginton Boston University School of Medicine—Gamma Masschusetts MISSOURI Students: Monica Devi Agarwal, Nora Bassiouni, Rebecca Cydney Batiste, Emily Sara Blum, Christina Di Loreto, Nicole Elizabeth Dumas, Marissa Anne Fast, Lauren Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine —Alpha Missouri Students: Shreeram Akilesh, Anthony John Apicelli, Ellen Hunter Bailey, Laurel B Gehler Fiechtner, Hilary Gallogly, Kelly Elizabeth Guld, Jennifer Hensley, David Barrett, David Micah Brogan, Melani Shaun Cheers, Marios Giannakis, Nadia Vicki Fessler Hindson, Brandon Michael Jones, Anastasia Lvovna Khoubaeva, Joshua David Giannakopoulos, Scott Evan Hadland, Mohammed Haseebuddin, Rebecca Suzanne Kuban, Matthew Kun Lee, John Robert Lien, Jessica Anne McHugh, Ami Satish Shah, Hoodecheck, Rachel Huckfeldt, Jessica Lee Maschin, Eric James Monroe, Valliammai Roberta Ann Spencer, Anna Volerman, Emily Michelle Wise, Chih-Hsiang Barnard Muthappan, Amanda Rohn, Tara Marie Scherer, Midori Jane Seppa, Eugenia Yu, Scott David Zimmer Shekhtman, Daniel Alexander Wattson Alumni: Gail D’Onofrio Alumni: John Francis Eisenbeis, Matthew Mutch Faculty: Ravin Davidoff Faculty: Jane Phillips-Conroy, Wayne Makoto Yokoyama House staff: Daniel V Arnold, Lauren Marie Nentwich, Scott G Prushik House staff: Shu-Hong Chang, Spencer J Melby, Gerald Patrick Morris University of Massachusetts Medical School—Delta Massachusetts Students: Laura Beth Chamberlain, Nicholas Chun, Michael Joseph DeLeo III, Saint Louis University School of Medicine—Beta Missouri Students: Scott Allen Andelin, Stephanie Lee Bosslet, Marisa Lora Brant, Devin Taft Darrah Kiersten Doyle, Matthew John Dykhuizen, Robert Walter Eppsteiner, Sheila Callister, Andrea Michele Coverstone, Edward David Coverstone, Pawel Tadeusz Dyk, McMurrich Greenlaw, James Michael Lindberg, Helen Rego Moreira, Adrienne Julie S Green, Taylor John Greenwood, Shannon Margaret Higgins, Elizabeth Rose Rebecca Newburg, Angela Simone Nichols, Elizabeth Winston Patton, Jeffrey Riese, Hofbauer, Ryan S Jackson, Joanna Marie Kemp, Luke Thomas Krispinsky, Andrew Matthew Schreckinger, Alison Stechenberg, Jorge Fernando Tello, Robyn Deborah Jacob Lobonc, James B Macdonald, Bradley Alan Reel, Corinne Weimin Tan, Jennifer Wing, William Eugene Zawatski Nicole Tiehen, Elizabeth Trevathan, Campbell Dodd Williams Alumni: Abigail Adams, Eric Dickson Faculty: J Mark Madison, Dominic Nompleggi University of Missouri—Columbia School of Medicine—Gamma Missouri House staff: Bradlee Glenn Drabant, Julie Ann Jaffray, Daniel P Schneider Students: Daniel Isaac Bettis, Jennifer Butler, Evan Ross Cameron, Kevin Edward Fisher, Sarah Baxter Fisher, Kevin Gary Frazer, Brian C Fuller, John Michael Harbison, MICHIGAN Christopher Dennis Jaeger, Thomas McEwan, Ross Bradley Reule, Margaret Louise University of Michigan Medical School—Alpha Michigan Salisbury, Mary Leah Smith, Adam William Stevens Students: Alexandra Ohanian Apkarian, Sanjiv M Baxi, Michael Seth Borofsky, Alumni: John Alexander Smith Stephen M Broski, Eden Cardozo, Derek Edward Dimcheff, Zarina Dohadwala, Faculty: Kyle C Moylan

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 53 New members, 2008/2009

House staff: Marc Estacion Del Rosario, Timothy Paul Mayfield NEW YORK University of Missouri—Kansas City School of Medicine—Delta Missouri Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons—Alpha New York Students: Stephen Lee Edward Bresson, Jennifer Lynn Distasio, Christopher Ryan Students: Catherine Marie Albright, Rakee Mishra Bowker, Katherine Lecker Carson, Fitzgerald, Iljana Gaffar, Brandon Gerard Gaynor, Hayley S Graue Hancock, Brian Michael Jason Cutalo, Koushik Kumar Das, Gillian Ruth Diercks, Jacob Appel Doll, Thomas Kelly, Aarika Leslie Menees, Kate Louise Moreng, Melissa Marie Neuwirth, Barry Michael Fine, Sarah Elizabeth Goglin, Jordan Vernon Jacobs, Kristine You-Shu Amy Mai Nguyen, Shahab Shaffiey, Lindsey Rapp Smith, Melissa Alexis Thomas, Jill Kay, Kristen Knoll, Amy McCormick Lunding, Marc William Manseau, Cameron Wallace, Mark James Winston Marshall, Maxwell Bartos Merkow, Charles Bazemore Mikell, Matthew Cole Oliff, Alumni: Jonathon M Metzl, Dana Mara Thompson Olufoladare Gabriel Olorunsola, Charles Resor, Meghan E Sise, David Tsay, Jason Faculty: John Stuart Munro Phillip Van Batavia, Lauren Taggart Wasson, Janette Zuk House staff: Corey James Auch, Seshu Chepur Rao, Vinay Ashok Shah Weill Cornell Medical College—Beta New York NEBRASKA Students: Ashkan Michael Abbey, Rebecca Carlin, Ryan Patrick Cauley, Heather Elizabeth Gotha, Daniel M Halperin, Benjamin Jay Herbstman, Crystal Hung, Ian University of Nebraska College of Medicine—Alpha Nebraska Darin Huntington, Kristen Kyongae Lee, Eugene Licht, Scott R Montgomery, Thomas Students: John Habib Bishay, Erik Bowman, Nicholas C B Branting, Sarah Ryan Neely, David Pisapia, Benjamin Fox Ricciardi, Jennifer L Swails, Ryan K Wong Dance, Brett Duncan, Andrew Joseph Ferdinand, Andrew Gard, Daniel Matthew Hershberger, Rachel Renae Johnson, Nathan Robert Krug, Matthew Jay Kruse, Lauren State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, College of Ann Kyle, Joseph Margheim, Jessica R Moran-Hansen, Michael O’Hara, Sara Reppert, Medicine—Gamma New York Justin Michael Risma, Malachia Trout, Boyd Ramsey Viers, Timothy Earl Yates Students: Daniel Michael Arsenault, Kathleen Anne Carroll, Chad Cornish, Michael Alumni: Harris A Frankel Edward Coyle, Matthew J Daily, Ryan Matthew Dunst, John Patrick Fischer, George Faculty: Teresa G Berg, Donald A Leopold Ghobrial, Robert T Van Gorder, Christine Marie Granato, Sarah Louise Mather House staff: Matias Bruzoni, Ryan Sewell Greenberg, Valerie Christine Greene, Robert Kallinicos, Rebecca Sue Lawrence, Lindsay McGann, Robin Marie Nagowski, Erin A Nozetz, Jack P Palmer III, Andrew Creighton University School of Medicine—Beta Nebraska Marcus Quinn, Patrick Michael Reagan, Kimberly Robeson, Joseph Anthony Students: Joseph Vincent Blas, Phuc (Phillip) Dang, Anna Engeln, Alex Garton, Sciarrino, Laura Elizabeth Scordino, Amanda Beth Sosulski, Leo Joseph Urbinelli, Carolyn Marie Green, Gabriel Harris, David Edward Hartigan, Shane Jared Havens, Mark B Van Deusen, Jessica R Weiss Fridolin Joseph Hoesly, Keith C Hood, Anna Marie Johnson, Brian Andrew Knipe, Alumni: Thomas Amedeo Bersani, Craig J Byrum Eric Stephen Marty, Thomas John McCarthy, Sean Michael O’Neill, Hannah Clare Faculty: John Wilson Epling, Jack Ming Hsu Otepka-Pitt, Katherine Lynn Sramek, Christopher Taggert Veal, Brian Wheeler, House staff: Joel Evan Portnoy Brittany Willer, Theodore Francis Wissink Alumni: Elizabeth A Blair New York University School of Medicine—Delta New York Faculty: Againdra Kumar Bewtra, Lee E Morrow Students: Nicholas Dodge Altman, Rupali Surendra Avasare, Jillian Leigh Borman, House staff: Chia-Li Lai, Eric Drue Peters, Ruby Satpathy Steve Evan Braunstein, Allison Sophie Chatalbash, Anna Lopatin Dickerman, Baruch S Fertel, Eleza Tema Golden, Andrew Michael Goldsweig, Natalya Sarah Hasan, NEVADA Colleen Stephanie Lynch, Alexis Paula Melnick, Carrie L Morgenstein, Shweta R University of Nevada School of Medicine—Alpha Nevada Motiwala, Jonathan Haim Oren, John S Quick, Francisco Ramirez-Valle, Briana Students: Joseph Victor Brown, Kevin M Gamett, Cheryl Janene Gustafson, Suresh Marie Riemer, Andrew Erwin Schober, Carolyn Dacey Seib, Frank Scott Siringo, Raman, Kerri Leigh Robbins, John Kelly Sutherland, Kamin Beth VanGuilder, Eryn M Alexandar Spektor, Vanessa Lee Starr, Jacqueline Blair Stone, Jordan Louis Swartz, Xavier, Mara Lynn Zulauf Eve Auchincloss Wadsworth, Martin Jacob Wolff Faculty: Ole J Thienhaus Alumni: Arthur S Agatston NEW HAMPSHIRE Faculty: Lewis Robert Goldfrank University at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State Dartmouth Medical School—Alpha New Hampshire University of New York—Epsilon New York Students: Mark H Baskin, Peter Burrage, Kara Yi-hsin Detwiller, Daniel Kaser, Students: Surbhi Bansal, Colleen Elizabeth Bell, Erin Elizabeth Conway, Jennifer Gall, Benjamin Northrup, Andrea Russo, Jennifer Carr Talmadge Swathi Gopalakrishnan, Colin Moy Haines, Danielle E Harmon, Michael Alexander NEW JERSEY Huba, Betty Joy Huo, Christine Kassis, Arielle Kurzweil, Terrence Patrick Lester, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Milana Mor, Niv Mor, Jonah Harshad Patel, Jennifer Lynn Pugh, Jason Michael Rotoli, Medical School—Alpha New Jersey Christian Spano, Omar Tanweer, Kathleen Louise Wania, Alexander Evan Weber, Students: Nicole Theresa Bavuso, Adam Ross Befeler, Joanna Kathleen Bradley, Marc Adam Weiskopf, Jan Rang Wong, Amy Lynn Zielinski Thomas Mazur Coyne, James Francis Crismale, Sarah Julia Driscoll, Jordana Elaine University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry—Zeta New York Ellway, Daniel William Flis, Tara Faye Golisch, Brian Gaston Howard, Sunil S Jani, Students: Zarina S, Ali , Zachary Borus, Elizabeth Wilson Crafts, Charles Nicholas Kimberly Kilfoyle, Dana Reed Kindermann, Tara Lee Lautenslager, Calvin K Lew, Eisenhauer, Stephen Graham George, Kimberly Lai, Lisa Renee Lincoln, Rene Pierre Jennifer Marie Martini, Elana Eva Monchar, Daniel Andrew Nelson, Katherine Lee Myers, Brock B O’Neil, Jennifer Riehl, Solomon Slomovic Shaftel, Andrew James Osusky, Lauren Pallone, Emily Lizabeth Porch, Peter Gabriel Pryzbylkowski, Abhay Tompkins, Alexis Abbott Weymann, David DeVilbiss Wilson, Jonathan Rodger Wood A Singh, Amish Tilara, Julia R Tokarski, Tatyana Travkina, Michael Mark Vosbikian, Alumni: Elias T Zambidis Jonathan Phil Yun Faculty: Jonathan W Mink Faculty: David Allen August, John D Baxter House staff: Jonathan Andrew Marcus, Melissa Kay Samuelsson House staff: Snehal Rudresh Bhatt, Hady Antoine Ghanem, John C Peng State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center College of UMDNJ—New Jersey Medical School—Beta New Jersey Medicine—Eta New York Students: Mina Abdelshahed, Daniel Amoruso, Nisha Bavalia, Michael Bercik, Students: Meira Abramowitz, Lauren Elizabeth Adams, Michael G Allison, Katherine Joseph Brown, Reid Collins, Jessica Cortazzo, Marisa Anne Earley, Yvonne Farnacio, L Auringer, Yuri Babayev, Joseph Emanuel Canterino, Stefanie Crystal Cardamone, Kimberly Gardner, Aanand Geria, Dina M Gordon, Abigail Elizabeth Huang, Thomas Todd Jared Carpenter, John K Cho, James Choi, Neil Clarence Christopher, Rebecca Kole, Christine F Lauro, Allison Baker Lawyer, Ernest Lee, Marcos Manuel Martinez, Citrin, Matthew Edward Doscher, Lori J Ellis, Jennifer Goldman, Courtney Christina Jesse Ng, Gopal Atmaram Patel, Carly Elizabeth Podnos, Alexander Sailon, Kimmerle Hanson, Ilana Harwayne-Gidansky, Michael Adam Heisler, Daniel M Horn, Jeremy Sellen, Simant Shah, Geethan Sivananthan, Jay Turner, Sung Yi Horn, Nuri Jacoby, Alix F Leader-Cramer, Siyang Leng, Dmitry Levin, Caitlin Jane Alumni: Philip J Cohen McGinty, Mamta Arvind Mehta, Sarah Luisa Melendez, Brienne Miner, Maria B Faculty: Brajesh K Lal Schiavone, Bridget Anne Tracy, Elena Beth Weinreb, James Martin Willis, William House staff: Francis John Caputo Win, Wayne Yan NEW MEXICO Alumni: Steven W Piecuch, Richard Sadovsky Faculty: Michael Howard Augenbraun, Judith H LaRosa University of New Mexico School of Medicine—Alpha New Mexico House staff: Heba Abdulla, Koray Erol Arica, Tajinderpal Saraon Students: Amy Marie Babb, Joe Blunt Baker, Kathryn Elise Coan, Katie Nicole Albany Medical College—Theta New York Finnerty, Kara Gwin, Laura Anne Heise, Brittany Howard, Craig R Lehrman, Marc Students: Christopher David Brook, Jamie Lauren Busch, Timothy James Caramore, Mabray, Almea M Matanock, David Meredith, Amy Rebecca Nixon, Sarah Oman, Nicole Michelle Ceradini, Lori Ann DeFreest, Michael Anthony DiMaio, Pouyan Lauren Kathryn Rasmussen, Michael Roehlk, Justin Taylor, Dylan J Watson Famini, Rachna M Goel, Lauren Elizabeth Hansen, Nadia Haqqie, Elizabeth Walker Faculty: Sanjeev Arora, David Paul Sklar Hubbard, Peter Alexander Leahey, Mary BreAnn Mackenzie, Cherie Paquette, House staff: Houman M Fekrazad, Thomas Bennett Russell, Naveed Usman Saqib

54 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Melissa Lobel Rose, William Matthew Sayde, Ronak Kiran Talati, Andrea Spaulding The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University—Delta North Teague, Jennifer Leigh Termeer, Claire Dava Wolinsky, Mariko Ruth Yasuda Carolina Faculty: Hashim M Hesham, Mark Donald White Students: Mary Jane Barchman, Megan Rebecca Barrett, Crysten Marie Brinkley, House staff: Fassil Brian Mesfin Christopher Todd Bullers, Kristen Brooke Merritt Chalk, Bryan Keith Dunn, Bari New York Medical College—Iota New York Marissa Eberhardt, Andrea Renee Gregory, Ryan Thomas Holland, Sued Adnan Students: Shanshan Bao, Joseph Basile, Nina Prakash Bondade, Matthew Brown, Mustafa, Alicia Marie Myers, Joshua Graham Porter, Lindsay Rebekah Roofe Stephanie Pepper Carreiro, Allyson Chesebro, Jeffrey FB Chick, Allison Rachel NORTH DAKOTA Cohen, Ashley C Crimmins, Samantha Maria Dias, Andrew Erwteman, Angela Fusaro, Jamison Green, Madelaine Haddican, Jessica Hu, Nicole Leone, Carrie Luu, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences—Alpha Jennifer McOsker, Neil Parikh, Julia Park, James Douglas Quint, Farid Razavi, Erica North Dakota Students: Miran J Blanchard, Dane Breker, Janalee Kae Holmes, Ian Joseph Lalich, Romblom, Rena Shah, Timothy Robert Singewald, Salitha Sunderrajan, Tushar Ashley Pauline Marek, Sara Lynn Mees, Benjamin H Sickler, Matthew Richard Soule, Natvarlal Suthar, Christopher Ryan Trebino, Adele Tse, Andrew Rudolph Tsen, Brandon Curtis Speidel, Shannon Cleta Steppler Jordan Field Wicker Alumni: Jerry Michael Obritsch Alumni: James Eric Udelson Faculty: Robert Gregory Oatfield Faculty: Gladys Maria Ayala, Mark Charles Rabiner House staff: Suima Aryal, Sri Vardhan Reddy Kooturu Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University—Kappa New York OHIO Students: Karen Amy Chernoff, Michelle Sarah Cohen, Elana Ida Den, Elizabeth S DeWitt, Terri Febbraro, Tova C Fischer, Rebecca Parver Gamss, Jessica Garrison, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine—Alpha Ohio Alexis Cara Gimovsky, Jamie Steven Hirsch, Mariko Koya, Mya Esther Levy, Students: Bishr Aldabagh, Jonathan Edwards Belding, Lacey Benson, Candice Anne Bat-Sheva Maslow, Benjamin Jacobs May, Craig Andrew Mayr, Vikram Anand Bookwalter, Adriane Michelle Boyle, Joone Ha James Choi, Shilpa Desai, Teresa Padmanabhan, Lisa Balzano Puglisi, Elgida Radoncipi, Casey Seideman, Collette Michelle Edwards, Chad Michael Fortun, Karen Jayne Gibbins, Sogol Javaheri, John N N Spalding, Jennifer Anne Sparr, Robert M Starke, Martina Taylor, Stephen James Mafi, Ovidiu Marina, Brandon C Maughan, Julie Lynne McClave, Jamin Christopher Torres, Sarah E Turbett, Selin Tuysuzoglu, Frank M Volpicelli, Lisa Christine Morrison, Jane Hee Park, Catherine Rottkamp, Ashraf A Sabe, Mark Jason Sando, Winterroth, Lisa Caren Zuckerwise Teresa Shyr, David Michael Svec, Jodi Michelle Thomson, Paul A Toogood Faculty: David J Prezant Faculty: Charles Kent Smith Mount Sinai School of Medicine of New York University—Lambda New York University of Cincinnati College of Medicine—Beta Ohio Students: Noura Serene Abul-Husn, Jeffrey Mark Baumgardner, Michelle Wilson Students: Leah Bauer, Kara M Brinker, Hillary Ann Dunlevy, Matthew Robert Fulton, Bell, Tiffany Erin Chao, Alexandra S Charen, Benjamin Goldsmith, Anna Iasmine Patrick Elliott Harvey, Patrick Jones, Jennifer Caitlin Kelley, Jordan Raed Kharofa, Kirkorian, Aaron Michael Laine, Brian Philip Lehpamer, Nirnimesh Chandra Pandey, Justin Lee Klanke, Megan Elizabeth Lea, Ryan B Maher, Erin Elizabeth Medlin, Katie Mihir Suryakant Parikh, Mariecel Christina Pilapil, Harry Michael Salinas, Joshua Meier, Hillary Mount, Mark Robert Onady II, Amy Jo Petitt, Sarah Rachel Pickle, Schulman-Marcus, Andrew Damien Schweitzer, Jeffrey Daniel Sharon, Amy Lauren Natalie Jane Pilgrim, Ralph Cutler Quillin III, Christopher Michael Runyan, Haiyang Turitz, Ryan Colin Ungaro, Avner Yemin, Jessica Zeidman Tao, Adam Alexander Vukovic, Jennifer Mary Walker, Denise Michelle White, Jessica Alumni: Daniel Perl, Richard Hersh Stern Lee Yarber Faculty: Gustavo Del Toro, Joseph R Masci Alumni: William Barrett House staff: Jason Saleh, Joseph Truglio, Julia Wisniewski Faculty: Michael Floren Reed, Michael Floren Reed, Kenneth Sherman Stony Brook University Medical Center School of Medicine—Mu New York House staff: Mubeen Akhtar Jafri, Emily Louise Leasure, Rita Schmid Students: Lindsey Caldwell, Jeffrey Cangelosi, Paul Chen Jr, Daniel Cormican, Dennis Ohio State University College of Medicine—Gamma Ohio Abraham Daniel, Noah Israel Goldfarb, Alan Goldstein, Farshid Hajimirzaee, Adi Students: Matthew Thomas Allemang, Kiran T Bidari, Zachary Bryan, Kristen Arling Hirshberg, Karen M Jablonski, Amanika Kumar, Roy Lirov, Gele Brown Moloney, Burwick, Jaquelyn Coloe, Robert Michael Cronin, Scott Cronin, Casey D Curtis, Prathima Nandivada, Vincent J Santo III, Jing Wang, Kristen M Williams, Andrew Katherine Fening, Mary Helen Fleming, Alissa Michelle Gilbert, Kristen Ashley Gordon Winer, Xiaoti Xu Grubb, Daniel Hammer, Katya Lea Harfmann, Lauren Beth Haveman, Jessica Holder, Faculty: David Bryant Cohen, Richard Joseph Scriven Phillip Horne, Benjamin Harris Kaffenberger, Michael Joseph Lang, Jonathan A Lipps, House staff: Jason Michael Kim Erin Elizabeth Longbrake, Scott Michael McClintic, Peter Michael Meis, Christopher NORTH CAROLINA Philip Ouellette, Anay Rajendra Patel, Jared David Peterson, Anthony Petruso, Trenton D Rink, David Michael Rowley, Rachel Addison Schleichert, David A Shiple, Duke University School of Medicine—Alpha North Carolina Catherine Coates Sinclair, Shawn Michael Stevens, James Wisler, Anna Elizabeth Students: Johanna Elisabeth Bischof, Adam Michael Caputo, Bryan Daehahn Choi, Ziegler Mackenzie Rainier Cook, Rachel Gottron Greenberg, Rohit Gupta, Carolyn Pickeral Alumni: Michael Donald Maves, John Niederhuber Horney, Jason Marcus Langheier, John Strudwick Lewis Jr, Krish Patel, Priyesh Ashok Faculty: Kevin Victor Hackshaw, Rebecca Ruth Hampton Patel, Michael Charles Raisch, Tracy Lynn Rose, Matthew Swisher, Anna Elise Teeter, House staff: Andrew Owen Crockett, Georgann Anetakis Poulos Walter Richard Whitworth Alumni: Ullin Whitney Leavell Jr, Robert M Rosemond The University of Toledo, College of Medicine—Delta Ohio Students: Kristin Elizabeth Abbott, Joshua Ryan Beck, Jason Michael Buehler, James Faculty: Rodger Alan Liddle, Kenneth Ward Lyles Veto Cireddu, Alexander Akram Farag, Tiffany M Frazee, Steven Sungmin Hong, House staff: Christoph Paul Hornik, Leal Kang Hsiao, Robert L Lobato Marshall Preston Hyden II, Kristen Marie Kunklier, Romie Nelson Mundy II, Joshua Wake Forest University Health Sciences (School of Medicine)—Beta North Matthew Philbrick, Asher Ian Shafton, Asmaneh Soufi Siavosh, Brittany Meg Tesner, Carolina Mark Timothy Tierney, Dustin Rideout Watson, Kelvin Shih Chun Wong, Jason Students: Aaron Heinrich Baer, Andrew Corcoran, Malachi Wade Courtney, James Mingji Wu Zachary Forsey, Christopher Charles French, Gavin Blair Gore, Elizabeth Heritage, Mikhail C S S Higgins, Stephen Cameron Kearns, Emily Katherine Knipper, Weston Wright State University Boonschoft School of Medicine—Epsilon Ohio Students: Matthew Aaron Armstrong, Nicole Marie , Elizabeth Jane Davis, Wyatt Saunders, Elizabeth Winans Tucker, Ryan Vasan, Feifei Zhao Brandi R Hartley, Matthew Scott Hensler, Brian Foley Imbrogno, Benjamin Michael University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine—Gamma Mack, Justin A Mandell, Brian Michael Pennington, Christopher N Redman, Jeremy North Carolina Nathan Reese, John L Roebel, Maria Elena Shaker, Courtney Marie Stroble, Gregory Students: Michael John Allingham, Aleksandra Sasha Avery, Michael James Belsante, Michael Thompson, Michelle Elizabeth Treasure, Kirk E Whetstone Margaret Anne Bevilacqua, Elizabeth Kathleen Wilson Borders, Anna Ruth Burkhead, Faculty: Thomas Edward Herchline Souvik Chatterjee, Kathryn Anne Cziraky, Paul Brent Ferrell Jr, Daniel L Fox, Lauren House staff: Shabana Jaynul Dewani, David Andrew Hart, Ross A Schumer Paige Holloway, Nicholas Paul Iannuzzi, Garjae Dayan Lavien, Quinn Kerr Lippmann, Meredith Elliott Miller, Mattie Wray Nicholas, Kristoff Anderson Olson, Suha Janine Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine—Zeta Ohio Students: William Brian Beam, Holly R Dyer, Kevin Frey, Mikhenan Horvath, Gene Patel, Lily Kathryn Pemberton, Jeanne Louise Rittschof, Teresa Danielle Samulski, Omar Huang, Marcos Antonio Izquierdo, Erin Marie Jackson, Andrew Michael King, Kelly Marie Smith, Trista Day Snyder, Jennifer Orr Vincent, Jessica Susan Watson Jamie Anne Kistler, Colleen Kovach, Neha Kumar, Sarah Metzger, Bradley Allen Faculty: Alice Chuang Moore, Akil P Patel, Ashlee Nicole Russo, Elim Shih, Amber Margaret Somerville, House staff: Megan Ann Clinton, Gavin Jeffrey Henderson, John J Meier IV Matthew Gregory Warndorf, Homer O Wiland Alumni: Robert Paul Brophy Faculty: Matthew Lawrence Krauza House staff: Mark Pozsgay, William Schnettler

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 55 New members, 2008/2009

OKLAHOMA Temple University School of Medicine—Epsilon Pennsylvania University of Oklahoma College of Medicine—Alpha Oklahoma Students: Sarah Susan Asch, Margaret Brannigan, Justin Todd Buchanan, Megan Students: Janeen Lynnae Arbuckle, Matthew Paul Perron Bauer, Amanda Lynn Brown, Cathleen Cahill, Micah Cohen, Eugene Joseph Garvin, Paul Gera, Christopher M Kristopher Donald Collins, Sunita Chahar Crittenden, Steven David Cromwell, Mark Granville, Jason Alan Grieshober, Sara Jeevanjee, Robert M Kurtz, Ann Marie Lam, Crouch, Logan Simon D’Souza, Jason Paul Doye, Alison Ann Galatian, Christopher Nancy Lee, Katherine Mayer, Michael Lancaster O’Neill, Amy Ost, Chirdeep K John Goff, Kathryn Colvert Griffin, Daniel Martin Harwell, Julie Heather Hausmann, Patel, Jessica Erin Scholl, Kimberly Smith, Daniel William Upton, Vanessa Vaz, John Chase Dean Hendrickson, Blake Alan Isernhagen, Nolan James Jaeger, Mark Byron Alexander Viehman, Andrew Patrick Walker, Stephen Gerard Walsh, Susan Wang, Jennings, Michael Edward Johnson, Kristopher T Kimmell, Foster Donald Lasley, Brandon Wiley, Jessica Lynn Wobb James Clifford Layton, Jacqueline Theodora Lee, Samantha Lynne Mallory, Jonathan Alumni: Steven R. Houser, Eileen M Moynihan Paul Mannas, Kerri D May, Aelayna Nicole Meyer, Carly Marie Miller, Todd Faculty: David J Karras, Kathleen A Reeves Wayne Mollet, Aaron Morgan, Newton B Neidert, Andra Dale Nuzum-Keim, Pal Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine—Eta Pennsylvania Singh Randhawa, Amy Lynn-Jacobson Schimke, Lauren Heather Schwartz, Mark Students: Alysa Amber Brown, Alexis J DiSilvestro, Clinton Joseph Duncan, Jonathan Christopher Shreve, Michael Slade Stratton, Bradley Allen Wilson Robert Enterline, Melissa Kate Goldstein, Madeline Dillon Gregorits, Brian Douglas OREGON Handly, Carrie Alane Hossler, John Joseph Knoedler, Jedediah I McClintic, Lindsey A McCormick, Gavin Amery McKenzie, Charles William O’Connell, Marlana M Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine—Alpha Orloff, Scott Maurice Paviol, Christie G Regula, Jason M Schauer, Natalie Ruth Students: Samuel Fritz Bremmer, Serena Hsi-Ju Chan, Catherine Marie Dondlinger, Schwartzentruber, Daniel Charles Shepherd, Angela Marie Sprigle, Khin Nyeinchan Ambar Faridi, Evelyn Rebecca Ford, Mark Quincy Goodman, Angela Noel Hiatt, Win, Erica L Zerfoss Kevin Jones, Joshua Kornegay, Andrew Dean Kroeker, Derek James Leinenbach, Faculty: David Goldenberg, Maryellen Gusic Vincent Ken Lew, Jenny Lara Semadeni Malcom, Steven Elias Mansoor, Colin David House staff: David W Dougherty, Nicole A Swallow, William Upton Todd McKnight, Kristen M O’Donnell, Andrew Bailey Ross, Jennifer Ross, Renee K PUERTO RICO Rutledge, Jonathan Douglas Wildi Faculty: Patricia Denise Hurn, O John Ma University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine—Alpha Puerto Rico House staff: Amy L Marr Students: Betsy Gisselle Colon-Acevedo, Jairo D Colon-Agront, Isaura Diaz Torres, PENNSYLVANIA Samuel Estronza-Ojeda, Yara Zoe Feliciano-Rivera, Mervin Figueroa-Pinto, Juan A Flores-Gonzalez, Michael Gonzalez-Ramos, Yania Marina Lopez-Alvarez, Karla Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University—Alpha Nicole Nieves-Borrero, Angel G Pagan-Torres, Pedro J Rios-Morales, Ismael Pennsylvania Rodriguez-Vazquez, Luis A Santiago-Caban, Neda I Sedora-Roman, Chris I Wong- Students: Valentin Antoci Jr, Julianne Biroschak, Katharine Carroll Button, Beth Quiles Ann Careyva, Thenappan Chandrasekar, John Patrick Dahl, Paul J Das, Brent Robert Alumni: Reynold Lopez-Enriquez, Edith Adaljisa Perez DeGeorge Jr, Joseph Daniel DePietro, Kristin Doyle, Anthony Waguih Farah, Joanna Faculty: Antonio Ignacio Del Valle, Enrique O Ortiz-Kidd Fertala, Dave Hall, Laura J Heinmiller, Heidi M Hermes, Karla Ashley Hirshorn, House staff: Eduardo J Labat, Adisbeth Morales-Burgos Robin Virginia Horak, Andrea Hunt, Adam E Hyatt, Amelia Marie Jernigan, Trisha Ponce School of Medicine—Beta Puerto Rico Juliano, Benjamin F Katz, Nikhil A Kumta, Shanu Kohli Kurd, David Ryan Lally, Students: Paola Teresa Chamorro, Sol T De Jesus, Carino Patricia Fernandez-Golarz, Adam Douglas Lindsay, Arayel Osborne, Neal Palejwala, William John Parkes, Ravi Melissa Marie Guanche, Marisara Dieppa Lopez de Victoria, Jason Douglas McCrillis, Patel, Joseph Laurence Petfield, Steven Matthew Presciutti, Brian Paul Riff, Abhik Adrianna Mickelson, Sarah Narotzky, Daniel Rivera-Buscaglia, Jorge Gustavo Roy, Mark Alan Seeley, Cristina Stingo, Christopher C Stryker, Edward Robert Rodriguez-Figueroa, Richard Sola Jr, Leonardo Ivan Valentin Perez Jr Villella, Kateki Vinod, Alison Lynne Walsh, Krystle Wang, Alison Shelley Witkin, Faculty: Elizabeth A Barranco, Willie Vazquez Kathleen Briana Zendell Faculty: Naisohn Arfai Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine—Gamma Puerto Rico House staff: Constance Gasda Andrejko Students: Damaris Acosta-Miranda, Manuel A Corripio, Victor R Ortiz Declet, Rebecca J Garcia-Sosa, Sebastian Rodrigo Gatica, Juan Manuel Guzman, Karen University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine—Beta Pennsylvania M Rosado, Jose Guillermo Torres-Acevedo, Daynet Vega, Victor Antonio Velez Students: Rebecca Sara Adler, Omowunmi Aibana, Lisa Michelle Arkin, Abigail Aldahondo Tripp Berman, Inbal Braunstein, Jaehyun Byun, Dave Ashok Chokshi, Keira Alexis Alumni: Marcos A Parrilla Rios Cohen, Jessica Lynn Ebberson, Catharine Clare Eleey, John Gordan, Andrew Michael Faculty: Jose Luis Oliver Intlekofer, Luke Steven Janik, Rebecca Jennings, Robert Caleb Kovell, Yuo-Chen Kuo, Caitlin Loomis, Marlise Rachael Luskin, Hilary Della Marston, Lena Molly Mathews, RHODE ISLAND Jason Christopher Ojeda, Adam David Robertson Rowh, Sara Sahar Samimi, Read The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University—Alpha Rhode Langlois Siry, Jeffrey Robert Swanson, Anthony John Taglienti, Sasha Waring, Mina Island Yassaee Students: Jeremy Simpson Boyd, Jessica Loretta Chan, Sarah Ann Farley, Sonia Garg, Faculty: Wallace T Miller Jr Anna B Halpern, Curtis Mitchell Henn, Elizabeth Clelland Hutton, Joshua Robert University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine—Gamma Pennsylvania Lakin, Amy Kristen McIntyre, Richard John Myers, Alissa Ashley Thomas, Beth Students: Sapan N Ambani, Jared Michael Bieniek, Megan Bradley, Timothy Wallace Marion Toste, James Andrew Town, Sarah Elizabeth Wakeman, Leslie Ann Wei Caprio, Stephanie Downs-Canner, Michael Howell, Chetan Shawn Irwin, Kathleen E Faculty: Amos Charles, Thomas F Tracy Kearney, Yvonne Y Lai, Lung-Yi (Felix) Lee, Charles Madeira, Philip Kraus McClure, House staff: Nicole Everline Alexander, Edmund Hamilton Sears Jr, Rajan Krishnakant Brett Foster Michelotti, Vinod Narla, Nikhil , Praneil Patel, Matthew David Thakkar Pavlick, Jennifer A Salati, Mara Elizabeth Semel, Jonathan David Small, Lauren Kay SOUTH CAROLINA Toney, Kirk Michael Volker, Bryan Kevin Ward, Daniel Richard Welchons, Anna Christine Zemke Medical University of South Carolina College of Medicine—Alpha South Faculty: Neil Alexander Christie Carolina House staff: John Lawrence Falcone, Patricio Marcelo Polanco Students: Michael Arthur Babcock, Eric L Bonno, Margaret Hannah Bosdell, Virginia Lee Clyburn, Gavin Wade Davis, Mark Andrew Hallman, Ashley Procopio-Allen Drexel University College of Medicine—Delta-Zeta Helgeson, Abbie Lee Husman, Richard Andrew Jamison, Matthew Robert Kappus, Students: Marjorie Ellen Affel, Scott Allen, Halima Amjad, Larissa Applegate, Danielle John Bennet Ball Korman, Ann Mari Leylek, Kathryn Willoughby McCutchen, Beth Barrocas, Michael Abel Chang, Shin-Bey Chang, Elizabeth Clabby, Jeremy Courtney Lee McFaddin, Kristina Ann Mrowca, Brendan Powers O’Connell, Cameron Davis, Kim Richards Driftmier, Timothy Ewald, Eric Solomon Ginsberg, Katherine Williams Powell, Julie Camille Robinson, Bree Nicole Ruppert, Amanda James A Heilman, Ingrid Zahra Hyder, Adam Franklin Jester, Brett Jewett, Kathryn Renee Ryan, Martin Allen Smith, Robert Taylor, Andre Becker Uflacker Luree Jones, Paulomi Kadakia, Anthony F Miller, Vanessa Rose Papalazaros, Heather Faculty: Julio A Chalela, Jeffrey Scott Cluver Anne Parsons, Lindsay Ann Pharmer, Daniel Robert Pinney, Taylor Robinson Pollei, House staff: Jason Andrew Goebel, Marie O Ventre Meena S Ramchandani, Veronica Araujo Ramirez, Madhury Ray, Joshua Roehrich, Michael Sasso, Kathleen Schenker, Sveta Shah, Justin Alan Singer, Hilary Smolen, University of South Carolina School of Medicine—Beta South Carolina Ashlee Lynn Snyder, Michael Tatusov, Lauren Kimberly Tormey, Andrew R Torre- Students: Amin Aghaebrahim, Edward Lee Barnes, Holly Hollingsworth Bowdre, Healy, Natasa C Townsend, Jeffrey M Tuman, Andrew C Waligora IV, Eun-mi Yu William Edwards Bynum IV, Katherine Elizabeth Campbell, Krista J Davenport, Alumni: Dorothy Bulas, Karen Roos Malcolm Daniel Eggart, Leslie Gilbert, Christina Crabbe Kennelly, Erin Burfield Faculty: Itzhak Fischer, Robert Shayne McGregor Marcotsis, Olga Raetskaya-Solntseva, Robert Patrick Richter, Brent Jerome Wilkerson House staff: Dong Heun Lee, Lina Mackelaite, Raj Prakash Munshi Alumni: Katherine Anne Close

56 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Faculty: John Valentine Dacus, Carol Lynn McMahon Alumni: Steven Louis Bloom House staff: Janie Catherine Bruce, Ginny Lee Gottschalk, Mark Allen Jones Faculty: Byron L Cryer, Daniel K Podolsky, John Sadler SOUTH DAKOTA House staff: Mary McCord, Daniel P Sherbet University of Texas Medical School at Houston—Delta Texas Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota—Alpha South Students: Stephanie Lynne Adrianse, Abib Agbetoba, Lea Lynne Bardy, Allison Marie Dakota Boyle, Kelly B Conner, Heath Taylor Crawford, Allison Rae DeGreeff, Alexis Leah Students: Jay Julius Bauder, Jared William Daniel, Justin Jeffrey Elhoff, Aaron Kyle Dougherty, John Randall Griffin, Sarah Kathleen Happe, Kevin Hoffman, Brian Scott Graumann, James Arthur Kuzman, Douglas William Lynch, Robert Austin Miller, Hurlburt, Adam Brian King, Robert James Lentz, Michael Clinton Leslie, Lawren Sarah Beth Wierda Ann Love, John Christopher McAuliffe, Stephen Wayne Metting, Benjamin Baines Alumni: Joel A Ziebarth Mize, Michael David Monaco, Megan Nicole Moody, Ann Bich Nguyen, Jeffrey Faculty: Susan M Anderson Ryan Parker, Nathan Priddy, Michael David Richter, Lilit Sargsyan, Nathan Ryan House staff: Darshana Yogendra Patel Smallwood, Michael Jayson Soileau, Megan Elyse Speer, Darrell Wallace Wilcox, TENNESSEE Terra Wubbenhorst, Sara Yazdani, John Mark Zimmerman, Melanie Elizabeth Zuo Vanderbilt University School of Medicine—Alpha Tennessee Faculty: Akinsansoye K Dosekun, Nicole Renee Gonzales None reported House staff: Angela Cheng, Supriya Singh, Ramal Majintha Silva Weragoda University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine—Beta University of Texas Medical School at San Antonio—Epsilon Texas Tennessee Students: Sarah Borgognoni, Ashley Michelle Brumm, Stacey Colias Carter, John Students: Morgan Dean Anderson, Harry Michael Baddour Jr, Michael Jason Beebe, David Cluley, Christian Andrews Corbitt, Travis McFarlane Cotton, Pamela Marie Corey Scofield Bolac, Amber Jo Evans, Anne Elizabeth Gill, Dale Eugene Hansen III, Deaver, Prashant Arun Desai, Lucia Diaz, Laura Marie Dominguez, Angela LeeAnn Harry Robert Hixson Jr, Carrie Baker Holloway, David Crawford Holt III, Georgia Duckworth, Molly Katherine Dudley, Jason C Goodwin, Anasuya Gunturi, Jeromy Lee Ketchum, Ashley Elizabeth Laing, Kevin Wade Luttrell, Monica Park Lynch, Ellen Todd Hackney, Katherine Lee Hayes, Jacquelyn Audria Jetton, Stacy Kaiser, Theresa McCarley O’Shea, Minesh Suresh Patel, Anju Lata Singhal, Lesley Littrell Starnes, Nguyen Kinard, Casey Lee Lagan, Jamie Tranter Larsen, Meng Lu, John Matthew Justin Wayne Walker, Allyson Brooke Warren, Katherine Alice Wells, Emily Tipton Martin IV, Jorge Antonio Montes, Myrna Rita Nahas, Donna Nguyen, Jacqueline Wolfe Ann Rellas, Michael Carlyle Scott, Angela Diane Shedd, Hayden Wilson Stagg, Ashlie Faculty: John P DeVincenzo, Solomon Sidney Solomon Renee Stowers, Jennifer Jill Street, Melissa Webb, Kirsten Ann Wennermark, Randy House staff: Ebenezer A Nyenwe, Blazej Zbytek Yeh Meharry Medical College School of Medicine—Gamma Tennessee Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine—Zeta Students: Dominique Yvonne Arce, Lashea Davis, Sumayah Hargette, Mark G Heidel, Texas Jonathan Ben Laymance, Freya Elena Marshall, Jilma L Patrick, Analeta N Peterson, Students: Christopher Ang, Stephanie Christine Baker, Joseph Brading, Katie Brading, Anthony Simms, Kelly Ariel Stewart, Ellana Stinson, Britt Stone, Princess Nicole Catherine H Do, Aaron Joseph Greenberg, Jason Jones, Harold Levine, Desiree Ann Thomas, Dominic Frederick Tutera, Phillip G Walton Jr Marshall, Karen Rosa Nunez-Wallace, John M Paddack, Purvak Patel, Fernanda P Alumni: Claudia Rose Baquet, Reginald William Coopwood Payan, Jennifer Pick, Amanda Pickert, Taylor Ratcliff, Amy Klavin Schutt, Robert Faculty: Thomas J Limbird Clark Schutt III, Jeffrey Smith, Mary Loraine Sullivan, Carey Lane Watson East Tennessee State University James H Quillen College of Medicine—Delta The Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine—Eta Texas Tennessee Students: Mujtaba Mohammed Ali, Puya Alikhani, Jessica Renee Barnes, Shannon Students: Bethany Mayes Bessom, DeAnna Britton Brown, Michael Ryan Buckley, Amber Covey, David Patrick Galloway, Evan Lowell Hardegree, Tiffany Daisy Joe, Michael James Chambers, Sarah Ann Harris, Jennifer Lea Sauceman, Kathryn Ellen Adeel Navaid Khan, Ravi Kumar, Karina Minyarova Parr, Kushal Vikram Patel, Shipp, Landon Everett Stigall, Kelvin S Wilson Augustah Jeremiah Poutre, John Charles Reneau, Tamara Lynn Small House staff: Charles David Cesare Jr, Amanda Guedes de Morais Costa Faculty: William C Culp Jr, Robert Wilton Pryor House staff: Krista Lynn Birkemeier, Constance O’Bryan Cleaves TEXAS UTAH University of Texas Medical Branch, University of Texas Medical School at Galveston—Alpha Texas University of Utah School of Medicine—Alpha Utah Students: William Boggan Albright, Jessica Allen, Shashi Alloju, Jared Chiarchiaro, Students: Kathleen Ann Daetwyler, Andrew John Dorais, Katherine Marie Jessop, Zeeshan Danawala, Jeanine Louise Davis, Theodore Kenneth Mitchell DeMartini, Benjamin Fredrick Johnson, Tamara Leigh Kemp, Krista Irene Kinard, John Rohland Holly Elsbeth Dunn, Emmaneul Edson, Norman Miles Farr, Edgar Eduardo Kotter, Garrett C Lowe, David Brent Mabey, Mac Lee Machan, Johan Mohebali, Fernandez, Rochelle Marie Gore, Justin Robert Gyorfi, Honey H Herce, Jeffrey Joseph Stapley Redman, Debra S Regier, Tyler Sorensen, Stephen Melvin Squires, Hughes, Justin David Hughes, Alisa Kachikis, Enchun Mike Liu, Michael Robert Jaclyn Kerr Tygesen, Brad Wright McEntire, Kristina Helen Mitchell, Joshua Michael Mourot, Lori Mae Murphy, Tara VERMONT Paige Lynn Neubrand, John Kindley Ray, Robert Ray Reynolds, Cameron Woodward University of Vermont College of Medicine—Alpha Vermont Schick, Leslie Scroggins, Justin Serrette, Nabeel Ibrahim Uwaydah, Eriel Heather Students: Jared Andrew Blum, Andrew Clayton Boyer, Anna Bramley Catino, Wallace, Andrew Moore Watson, Kathryn Wiesman, Stephen Dale Wilkins Jr, Blair Elizabeth D Duncan, Alison Frank Fitzgerald, Michael Allen Goedde, Linnea Rose Allen Winegar, Christopher Cox Wright, Christopher Alan York Goodman, Mark Adam Horton, Ananda Keefer-Norris, Erica Bove Mahany, Ian C Faculty: Ben G Raimer, Roger D Soloway McCormick, Russell Edward Meyer, Jared Kevin Pearson, Justin Thomas Pitman, House staff: Stephanie Therese Chung, Terrell Ann Singleton Jodi McQuillen Roque, Elizabeth Wisely Siefert, Campbell Lamont Stewart, Melinda Baylor College of Medicine—Beta Texas Lynne Yushak Students: Zaina Nabil Al-Mohtaseb, John Joseph Brinkley, Lisa Katherine Colaco, VIRGINIA Brandon Nicholas Devers, Sara Childress Fallon, John Matthew Felder III, Deborah Anne Forst, Katherine Lefevre Freundlich, Andrea Louise Goodrich, Loyola University of Virginia School of Medicine—Alpha Virginia Veronique Gressot, William Marshall Guy, Peter Michael Hannon, Gwendolyn Maria Students: Jessica Marie Bobula, Rebecca Casey Burke, Mark Glenn Cathey, James Bethenis Hoben, Shaina Beth Horwitz, Timothy Frank Hsu, Kurt David Icenogle, Walker Click, Ramsey Joseph Daher, Marisa Ann DeGaetani, Sean Daniel Foster, William Forrest Johnston, Anna maria Litvak, Vikram Marocha, Robert Ryan Jason Michael Franasiak, Kristen Virginia Gandee, Brian Christopher Gross, Samuel McMillan, Jennifer Leigh McQuade, Zeyad Ahmed Metwalli, Adam Vogeler Meyer, Kenney Houston III, Brian Bishop Hughley, Amber Turner Inofuentes, Robert Shannon Marie Mitchell, Andrew Scot Nett, Ambili Ramachandran, Alyssa May Wallace Krell, Patrick Charles LaRochelle, Devin Dean Mackay, James Alexander Randall, Kjirsten Anne Swenson, Carl Peter Walther, Brian Joseph Wisnoski Platts-Mills, Douglas Arbogast Rahn III, Bradley Norman Reames, Ellen Wells University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Southwestern Richter, Joseph Aaron Sivak, Elizabeth Miles Whitman, Megan Shaw Wilson, Ashraf Medical School—Gamma Texas Mohamed Youssef Students: Veeral Haresh Ajmera, Gobind Anand, Jarrod Dale, Elaine L Duryea, Sabih House staff: Carlos Tache-Leon Tariq Effendi, Daniel Gebhard, Christian Burris Gocke, Randall Berton Graham, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine—Beta Virginia Nathan Gray, Blake Elizabeth Gregory, Anne Catherine Hofer, Katherine E Hollimon- Students: Cassandra L Aboy, Keith Robert Bachmann, Jemilat Olapeju Badamas, Murphy, Jennifer Leigh Holmes, Jason Keene, Paras Khandheria, David Samuel William Thomas Brand III, Christopher George Brown, Jessica Leigh Caldwell, Erin Kroll, Samuel Kuzminski, Jashua Langston, Laura Ley, Christopher Daniel Maroules, Katherine Brown Davis, Susan Peng Demarest, Branden Michael Engorn, Adriana Heather Mattick, Andrew Miner, Roshan Pradip Morbia, Whitney Jo Morgan, Faulkner, Adam Garber, Talia Glasberg, Rebecca Marie Habenicht, Michael M Hakky, Purushottam Achyut Nagarkar, Chad Newton, Kaveh Nezafati, Likheng Ngov, Mohammed Arslan Hanif, Audra Jolyn Hill, Lauren Nichole Huddle, Sarah Jane Phuong-Khanh Jessica Nguyen-Trong, Martin Brett Raynor, Shahed Shakouri, Kathy Iglehart, Shannon Jeanine Miller, Vicky Thi Nguyen, Amar P Patel, Jasmine Patterson, Lynd Stretch, Ryan Metri Taylor, Andrew Unzeitig, Michael David Van Hal, Evan Robert Boyd Rawles, Andrew William Scharf, Crystal Meera Shrestha, Phillip A Walgama, Beth M Boulden Warren, Brett Whittemore, Melissa Rasar Young

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 57 New members, 2008/2009

Taylor, David Paul Timler, Monica Gabrielle Velasquez, Ann Miller Wilson, Henry Wong Alumni: Mark D Okusa Faculty: Stephanie A Call, Huan N Vu The Turning Time House staff: Christopher Cost Eastern Virginia Medical School —Gamma Virginia (For Papa) Students: Nayef Antar Abouzaki, Rebecca Leigh Chain, Deboki Nandan Chaudhuri, Kathleen Sabina Dunbar, Michael Anthony Holliday, Adam George Ligler, Elizabeth Rose Lunsford, Melissa San Julian Mark, Caitlyn Marie Molino, Zeal Patel, Crystal Miller Proud, Jennifer Huyen Ta, Christopher S Thomas, Brian David Thorp, Krista Marie Turner, Gregory Stephen Weingart, Jessemae Lynn Welsh Alumni: Mark E Skees, Michele Rohe Wadsworth Faculty: Benjamin Mitchell Goodman III, Moss Mendelson House staff: Thomas Stephen Higgins Jr, Shervin Albert Kharazmi WASHINGTON University of Washington School of Medicine—Alpha Washington Students: Marisa Linnell Alunni, Mayan Bomsztyk, Brian Byrne, Laura Certain, Kyle J Chambers, Cameron Chesnut, Earl Michael Chester, Steven Bradley Daines, Daniel Robert Drozd, Jarred Marshal Freese, Christina Eide Grady, Katherine Lynn Harris, Phillip Hochwalt, Jesse Joel Keller, Meghan Mullarkey Kiefer, BreAnna Kinghorn, Andrew Mesher, Anna Metcalfe, Emily Anne Olsen, Brannon Rodriguez Orton, Nathaniel Beecher Paull, Abigail Ruby Plawman, Gene Ryan Quinn, Melissa M Roberts, James Ronald, Michael Isiah Sandlin, Melissa Anne Sheiko, Amanda Kay Shepherd, Laura Elizabeth Stoll, Corinee Taraska, Martha Clinton Wilson, Samuel George Wittekind, Weiya Zhang Faculty: Joseph Francis O’Neill, Richard Bucani Utarnachitt House staff: Edmond Ardeshir Marzbani, Toby Isaac Sinton WEST VIRGINIA West Virginia University School of Medicine—Alpha West Virginia Students: Brad Patrick Barnes, Michael Patrick Bronson, Daniel R DiGiovine, Joseph Donahue, Roopan Elizabeth Fischer, Matthew Anthony Joseph, Sharon R Maas, Rachel Leanne McClung, Evan Morgan, Nicholas Rice Phillips, Michael Ruffolo, Julie Balch Samora, Jason Turner, Kevin Michael Walsh, Adrienne Newlon Zavala, Zachary Allen Zinn Faculty: Rosemarie Cannarella Lorenzetti House staff: April Michele Baisden, Raveen Raviendran, Joel Bernard Yednock

Joan C Edwards School of Medicine at Marshall University—Beta West Erica Aitken Virginia Students: Stephen Joseph Balevic, Michael Ryan Black, Todd Michael Derreberry, Sarah K Flaherty, David Justin Hall, Sydnee Smirl McElroy, Ryan Morrison, Katie Lynn Osley The parting pain seems greatest when is known Faculty: John Tracy Walker, Sasha Zill that sinking of the heart transformed to stone, House staff: Waseem Ostwani, Anita R Sayre a morphing wrought within a moment’s space WISCONSIN when comes the final turning of the face. University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health—Alpha Wisconsin For long as on the countenance is plain Students: Brittany Allen, Michael Leo Boisen, Michelle Boockmeier, Sean Michael Bruggink, Analisa Maria Calderon, Alexandra Cameli, Dustin Carlson, DeAnna a look of chance the loved one may remain, Friedman, Adam David Gepner, Ashley Christine Goodwin, Allison Rebecca Hotujec, a hopeful heart can thus afford to save Anne Kolan, Micah Thomas Long, Brenton M Meier, Sarah Meister, Christopher Aloysius Mueller, Andrew Donald Navarrete, Matthew C Niesen, Philipp Werner its last goodbye for blessing at the grave. Raess, Daniel J Repp, Adam Philip Siegel, Nyama Sillah, Jill Marie Stein, Julie R Sullivan, Sara Helena Tikkanen, Rachel Uttech, Aimee C Walsh, Crystal Weis, Paul Now looking back upon the turning time David Weyker when first my ears perceived a funeral chime, Medical College of Wisconsin—Beta Wisconsin that tearful tolling, calling him away Students: Jonathan S Anderson, Christian Becker, Joseph Richard Behn, Daniel Edward Cannon, Deana Lynn Choi, Erica Yihlee Chou, Amanda Nicole Cooper, before my soul its eulogy could say, Jamie Thomas Frazier Frantz, Luke T Fraundorf, Danita Rose Hahn, Katie Rose Hausmann, Christopher Ryan Henry, Hilary H Hill, William D Holmes, Zachary Scott I marvel at my mourning nearly done Jager, Benjamin C Kautza, Barbara Joan Kraynek, Andrew Arthur Robert Lehman, though hours remain till setting of his sun. Jacques Alan Machol IV, Scott Thomas McEwen, Deepa Pawar, Erik Jordan Peterson, Preston Wilson Roberts, Jesse David Stringer, Steven Allan Sumner, Andrew James And yet, I know, in turning he did see Szymanski, Daniel F Tensmeyer, Shannon Tew, Scott Von Larson, Kara Elizabeth the Face of Love, and will eternally. Walton, Michael Leigh Wells, Matthew Dean Wheatley, John Parley Winkler, Sara Elizabeth Wordingham Daniel C. Potts, MD Alumni: Charles Bruce Green Faculty: Beth B Krippendorf, Theodore G MacKinney House staff: Jason Elias Gonzaga, Joshua L Morrison, Mark Jonathan Sytsma Dr. Potts (AΩA, University of South Alabama, !""#) is an assis- tant professor at the College of Community Health Sciences at Students  the University of Alabama. His address: !$$ Rice Mine Loop Road, Alumni  Faculty  Suite %$!, Tuscaloosa, Alabama %&'$(. E-mail: [email protected]. House staff 

Total number of new members 

58 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Sunbeam egg cooker

This is a CT scan of an aluminum Sunbeam Egg Cooker, shut the appliance off. This mechanism is better seen by view- one of the most elegant electronic household appliances ever ing the three-dimensional movie at www.radiologyart.com. made. The scan shows every part beautifully. Just under the lid, we see the optional egg poacher (golden color) whose Satre Stuelke is a third-year medical student at Weill Cornell Med- central handle can barely be appreciated. Just below that, we ical College. He has an MFA from the School of the Art Institute see the egg rack in a slightly purplish hue. It can be easily of Chicago, has shown his work across the globe, and has taught at identified as the plate with several circles cut out. Then comes many prestigious institutions including the School of Visual Arts the water reservoir, and finally, the heating element in red sur- in Manhattan. His address is: rounded by the switch mechanisms and wiring. The engineer- 420 E. 70th Street #12L ing of this piece is elegant as well. It features a mechanism that New York, New York 10021 can sense when the water has boiled off and can automatically E-mail: [email protected]

The Pharos/Issue Date 59 The Pharos Volume 72

Index by author Reviews and reflections. Spring, –. Adler KP. See Schwartz RA et al. Cross S. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): Student on Pediatric Aronson V. Palliatives. Poem. Winter, . Surgery. Poem. Winter, . Azman BK. Empty memory album discarded by the curb. Poem. Spring, . Crawford GB. Monstrosity, medicine, and misunderstanding: The infamy and Barone JE. More  doctors in the movies. Letter. Winter, . polemics of the twentieth-century literary giant Louis-Ferdinand Céline. Baruch J. Henderson’s Equation, by Jerome Lowenstein. Reviews and reflections. Summer, –. Winter, –. Crumpecker C. Pediatric Traumatic Injury at City Park, July . Poem. Belsky JL. : Polio and the bomb. Letter. Winter, . Autumn, . Bevins MB. Our Daily Meds: How the Pharmaceutical Companies Transformed Dans PE. The physician at the movies Themselves into Slick Marketing Machines and Hooked the Nation on : to Yuma (). Spring, – Prescription Drugs, by Melody Peterson. Reviews and reflections. Summer, : to Yuma (). Spring,  –. The Counterfeiters (Die Fälscher). Autumn, – Blum A. I don’t know how to start. Poem and sketch. Autumn, . The Horse Soldiers. Winter, – Blum A. Seeing Patients. Poem and sketch. Spring, . Man on Wire. Spring, – Brandt L. See Ratanawongsa N et al. Slumdog Millionaire. Autumn, – Bronson R. What Kind of Guy? Poem. Winter, . Stagecoach (). Winter, – Brust JCM. Splendors and Miseries of the Brain: Love, Creativity, and the Quest Egnor M. When the Air Hits Your Brain: Tales from Neurosurgery, by Frank for Human Happiness, by Semir Zeki. Reviews and reflections. Autumn, –. Vertosick, Jr. Reviews and reflections. Winter, –. Bykowski MR. The World Is Sleeping. Poem. Spring, . Eubanks JD. Full Nelson. Poem. Spring, inside back cover. Cade GT. Remembering to forget. Spring, –. Eubanks JD. Marionette. Poem. Spring, . Carracio BB. Empty memory album discarded by the curb. Poem. Spring, . Federowicz MA. See Ratanawongsa N et al. Carrasco D. The dreaded burnout. Letter. Summer, . Finklea L. The half-tico, half-gringo robot. Spring, –. Carter HR. Time for change in AΩA. Letter. Summer, . Fokes EC Jr. Movies: profanity, nudity, and violence. Letter. Summer, . Carter HR. Health care reform. Letter. Winter, . Foxworth J. Academic uses for The Pharos. Letter. Autumn, . Charles G. More  doctors in the movies. Letter. Winter, –. Foy J. Empty memory album discarded by the curb. Poem. Spring, . Chesanow RL. A Voyage. Poem. Summer, . Gajera V. Betrayal. Poem. Autumn, . Christensen RC. The language of care: Taking psychiatry to the streets. Summer, Gamble JG, Pena T, Rinsky LA. New medical terms. Spring, –. –. Gass HH. Tic Douloureux. Poem. Autumn, . Christmas C. See Ratanawongsa N et al. Gianakos D. Breaking Good News. Poem. Winter, back cover. Claman HN. Ideas: A History of Thought and Invention, from Fire to Freud, by Gianakos D. Memory Lessons: A Doctor’s Story, by Jerald Winakur. Reviews and Peter Watson. Reviews and reflections. Autumn, –. reflections. Summer, –. Coulehan J. Life in the Balance: A Physician’s Memoir of Life, Love, and Loss with Gimbrone MA et al. See Nathan DG et al. Parkinson’s Disease and Dementia, by Thomas Graboys with Peter Zheutlin. Glick S. Be careful of chicken soup. Letter. Winter, . Reviews and reflections. Spring, –. Golden G. Locked-in syndrome. Letter. Spring, . Coulehan J. The Light Within: The Extraordinary Story of a Doctor and Patient Harris ED Jr.  Alpha Omega Alpha Professionalism Fellowship. Autumn, . Brought Together by Cancer, by Lois S. Ramondetta and Deborah Rose Sills. Harris ED Jr. Alpha Omega Alpha and health policy. Autumn, . Harris ED Jr.  Alpha Omega Alpha Robert J. Glaser Distinguished Teacher

60 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Awards. Winter, –. Rosenberg LB. Numbers. Poem. Autumn, . Harris ED Jr. Accelerating human evolution. Editorial. Summer, . Ryan WH. War story: The conflict in narrative- and evidence-based medicine. Harris ED Jr. Alpha Omega Alpha elects honorary members. Spring –. Autumn, –. Harris ED Jr. AΩA membership—more than high GPA: Editor’s note. Letter. Salomon B. Nursing Home Villanelle. Poem. Winter, . Spring, –. Schidlow DV. Welcome to AΩA. Poem. Winter, . Harris ED Jr. The dreaded burnout. Editorial. Winter, . Schreiber MH. Little Boy. Poem. Summer, . Harris ED Jr. Marat and Harvey, revolutionaries. Editorial. Spring, . Schreiber MH. Shut Up. Poem. Winter, . Harris ED Jr. Minutes of the  meeting of the board of directors of Alpha Schwartz RA, Adler KP. Physician-statesmen. Letter. Winter, –. Omega Alpha. National and chapter news. Spring, –. Shafer A. The Orange Wire Problem and Other Tales from the Doctor’s Office, by Hartnett SR. An Intern Begs a Suffering Patient for Mercy at  . Poem. David Watts. Reviews and reflections. Autumn, –. Autumn, . Shankar PR. Anatomy—with or without a cadaver. Letter. Spring, –. Hayashi J. See Ratanawongsa N et al. Sophie Davis Student Government. Medical Student Service Project Award, Hellmann DB. See Ratanawongsa N et al. the Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education at the City College of New Hines JZ. Exposed. Autumn, –. York—The Sophie Davis Health Fair. Summer, –. Howell EE. See Ratanawongsa N et al. Sreeraman R. Bridge. Poem. Winter, . Hubbart H. Empty memory album discarded by the curb. Poem. Spring, . Staff Imperato PJ. Selling Teaching Hospitals and Practice Plans: George Washington  Alpha Omega Alpha Carolyn L. Kuckein Student Research Fellowships. and Georgetown, by John A. Kastor. Reviews and reflections. Summer, –. Summer, –. Isenberg SF. Four Season Haiku. Poem. Spring, .  Alpha Omega Alpha Helen H. Glaser Student Essay Awards. Autumn, Isenberg SF. Office Hours. Poem. Spring, .  Johnson WW. Re “Wrongful death.” Letter. Winter, .  Pharos Poetry Competition winners. Summer,  Kirk ST. This is when it happens. Autumn, –.  Write a Poem for This Photo Contest. Summer,  Langhorne H.  West. Poem. Summer, . Alpha Omega Alpha Administrative Recognition Awards, /. Le J. My Eye Doctor. Poem. Winter, inside back cover. Autumn,  Levin ML. For Whom the Bell Tolls and “New Medical Terms.” Letter. Autumn, Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Student Service Project Awards, /. . Autumn,  Lo MD. Be still, my (irregularly) beating heart. Winter, –. Alpha Omega Alpha members elected in /. Winter, – Lazarus A. More  doctors in the movies. Letter. Winter, . Alpha Omega Alpha members elected in /. Autumn, – Macht M. Large and noble lines: The life of Howard P. Lewis, American College Alpha Omega Alpha visiting professorships, /. Autumn, – of Physicians president, –. Summer, – Alpha Omega Alpha Volunteer Clinical Faculty Awards, /. Autumn, Magill CF. See Ratanawongsa N et al.  Manganiello P. The U.S. crisis in health care. Letter. Summer, . Announcing the  Alpha Omega Alpha Robert J. Glaser Distinguished Mark JBD. Calling Dr. Laennec! Letter. Winter, –. Teacher Awards. Spring,  Martinez-Maldonado M. Burning Books. Poem. Spring, . Announcing the  Pharos Editor’s Prize. Winter,  Meyer JL II. More  doctors in the movies. Letter. Winter, . Instructions for Pharos Authors. Winter, – Miday GH. Drinking in earnest: Alcoholic paradigms in Hemingway’s For Whom Leaders in American Medicine. Winter,  the Bell Tolls. Spring, –. The Pharos, Volume . Autumn, – Minor S. I Am the Patient. Poem. Spring, . Submit a photo for the next “Write a Poem for This Photo Contest.” Autumn, Moore JT. Once. Poem. Summer, inside back cover.  Moore M. Memorial. Poem. Autumn, inside back cover. Two new members for the Pharos editorial board. National and chapter Morgenstern L. Samuel Johnson and I. Winter, –. news. Summer,  Moroff S. New medical terms. Letter. Summer, –. Welcome to our new health policy section. Autumn,  Moser RH. Medical illiteracy. Letter. Winter, –. Winners of the  Pharos Editor’s Prize. Winter, – Moser RH. Mene, mene, tekel, upharsin comes to medicine—redux. Autumn, Winners of the  Write a Poem for This Photo Contest. Autumn, . –. Stevenson TN. The power of language in medicine—Case study: Mongolism. Nakayama DK. Seishu Hanaoka, surgery, and anesthesia in feudal Japan. Winter, Autumn, –. –. Stuelke S. Sunbeam egg cooker. Photo. Autumn, . Nathan DG, Gimbrone MA. Judah Folkman, MD: –. Winter, –. Tinling D. The dreaded burnout. Letter. Summer, . Nesbitt REL Jr. Overdrawn. Poem. Summer, . Tou C. Anatomy. Poem. Autumn, . Owen DS Jr. Re “Wrongful death.” Letter. Winter, . Turton FE. James Harvey Young and medical education. Letter. Winter, . Papa CM. Empty memory album discarded by the curb. Poem. Spring, . Woodard JD. Marat’s terror. Spring, –. Pavenski K. Little Star. Poem. Summer, . Wrzosek M. The dreaded burnout. Letter. Summer, –. Pearson J. The Mugging. Poem. Autumn, . Yamanuha J. E Unum ... Pluribus. Poem. Autumn, . Pena T. See Gamble JG et al. Zaret BL. The Jewish Home for the Aged. Poem. Summer, . Pfeiffer E. Before Everything. Poem. Summer, . Zaroff L. Completing the circle. Spring, –. Pfeiffer E. Do Old Men Dream? Poem. Winter, . Ziegelstein RC. See Ratanawongsa N et al. Pick JW. Poetry—perhaps best read aloud. Letter. Spring, . Zwahlen-Minton D. Geriatric Bioscience: The Link Between Aging and Disease, by Pierce C. AΩA membership—more than high GPA. Letter. Spring, –. David Hamerman. Reviews and reflections. Spring, . Pitkin RM. Maternal mortality and world history: The case of Princess Charlotte of Wales. Winter, –. Platt FW. Patient Listening: A Doctor’s Guide, by Loreen Herwaldt. Reviews and Index by title reflections. Winter, –.  Alpha Omega Alpha Robert J. Glaser Distinguished Teacher Awards. Harris Porter GH. Re “Wrongful death.” Letter. Winter, . ED Jr. Winter, –. Potts D. The Turning Time. Poem. Autumn, .  Alpha Omega Alpha Carolyn L. Kuckein Student Research Fellowships. Phillips-Conroy JE. Election to AΩA. Letter. Summer, . Staff. Summer, –. Rand CS. See Ratanawongsa N et al.  Alpha Omega Alpha Helen H. Glaser Student Essay Awards. Staff. Autumn, Ratanawongsa N, Rand CS, Magill CF, Hayashi J, Brandt L, Christmas C, Record . JD, Howell EE, Federowicz MA, Hellmann DB, Ziegelstein RC. Teaching  Alpha Omega Alpha Professionalism Fellowship. Harris ED Jr. Autumn, . residents to know their patients as individuals: The Aliki Initiative at Johns  Write a Poem for This Photo Contest. Staff. Summer, . Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Summer, –.  West. Poem. Langhorne H. Summer, . Reavey K. Itinerary, . Poem. Autumn, . A Voyage. Poem. Chesanow RL. Summer, . Reavey K. Newark or Dallas, Milan or Munich. Poem. Autumn, . Accelerating human evolution. Editorial. Harris ED Jr. Summer, . Record JD. See Ratanawongsa N et al. Alpha Omega Alpha Administrative Recognition Awards, /. Staff. Reilly J. Isabella. Winter, –. Autumn, . Rinsky LA. See Gamble JG et al. Alpha Omega Alpha and health policy. Editorial. Harris ED Jr. Autumn, .

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 61 Alpha Omega Alpha elects honorary members. Harris ED Jr. Spring, –. Owen DS Jr. Winter,  Alpha Omega Alpha Medical Student Service Project Awards, /. Staff. Porter GH. Winter,  Autumn, . Time for change in AΩA. Carter HR. Summer,  Alpha Omega Alpha members elected in /. Staff. Winter, –. U.S. crisis in health care, The. Manganiello P. Summer,  Alpha Omega Alpha members elected in /. Staff. Autumn, –. Little Boy. Poem. Schreiber MH. Summer, . Alpha Omega Alpha visiting professorships, /. Staff. Autumn, –. Little Star. Poem. Pavenski K. Summer, . Alpha Omega Alpha Volunteer Clinical Faculty Awards, /. Staff. Marat and Harvey, revolutionaries. Editorial. Harris ED Jr. Spring, . Autumn, . Marat’s terror. Woodward JD. Spring, –. An Intern Begs a Suffering Patient for Mercy at  . Poem. Hartnett SR. Marionette. Poem. Eubanks JD. Spring, . Autumn, . Maternal mortality and world history: The case of Princess Charlotte of Wales. Anatomy. Poem. Tou C. Autumn, . Winter, –. Be still, my (irregularly) beating heart. Winter, –. Memorial. Poem. Moore M. Autumn, inside back cover. Before Everything. Poem. Pfeiffer E. Summer, . Mene, mene, tekel, upharsin comes to medicine—redux. Moser RH. Autumn, Betrayal. Poem. Gajera V. Autumn, . – Breaking Good News. Poem. Gianakos D. Winter, back cover. Monstrosity, medicine, and misunderstanding: The infamy and polemics of Bridge. Poem. Sreeraman R. Winter, . the twentieth-century literary giant Louis-Ferdinand Céline. Crawford GB. Burning Books. Poem. Martinez-Maldonado M. Spring, . Summer, –. Completing the circle. Zaroff L. Spring, –. Mugging, The. Poem. Pearson J. Autumn, . Do Old Men Dream? Poem. Pfeiffer E. Winter, . My Eye Doctor. Poem. Le J. Winter, inside back cover. Dreaded burnout, The. Editorial. Harris ED Jr. Winter, . National and chapter news Drinking in earnest: Alcoholic paradigms in Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Announcing the  Alpha Omega Alpha Robert J. Glaser Distinguished Tolls. Miday GH. Spring, –. Teacher Awards. Staff. Spring,  E Unum ... Pluribus. Poem. Yamanuha J. Autumn, . Announcing the  Pharos Editor’s Prize. Staff. Winter,  Empty memory album discarded by the curb. Poem. Instructions for Pharos authors. Staff. Winter, – Azman BK. Spring,  Leaders in American Medicine. Staff. Winter,  Caraccio BB. Spring,  Medical Student Service Project Award, the Sophie Davis School of Foy J. Spring,  Biomedical Education at the City College of New York—The Sophie Davis Hubbard H. Spring,  Health Fair. Sophie Davis Student Government. Summer, – Papa CM. Spring,  Minutes of the  meeting of the board of directors of Alpha Omega Exposed. Hines JZ. Autumn, –. Alpha. Harris ED Jr. Spring, – Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): Student on Pediatric Surgery. Two new members for the Pharos editorial board. Staff. Summer,  Poem. Winter, . Winners of the  Pharos Editor’s Prize. Staff. Winter, – Four Season Haiku. Poem. Isenberg SF. Spring, . New medical terms. Gamble JG, Pena T, Rinsky LA. Spring, –. Full Nelson. Poem. Eubanks JD. Spring, inside back cover. Newark or Dallas, Milan or Munich. Poem. Reavey K. Autumn, . I Am the Patient. Poem. Minor S. Spring, . Numbers. Poem. Rosenberg LB. Autumn, . I don’t know how to start. Poem and sketch. Blum A. Autumn, . Nursing Home Villanelle. Salomon B. Winter, . An Intern Begs a Suffering Patient for Mercy at  . Poem. Hartnett SR. Office Hours. Poem. Isenberg SF. Spring, . Autumn, . Once. Poem. Moore JT. Summer, inside back cover. Isabella. Reilly J. Winter, –. Overdrawn. Poem. Nesbitt REL Jr. Summer, . Itinerary, . Poem. Reavey K. Autumn, . Palliatives. Poem. Aronson V. Winter, . Jewish Home for the Aged, The. Poem. Zaret BL. Summer, . Pediatric Traumatic Injury at City Park, July . Poem. Crumpecker C. Judah Folkman, MD: –. Nathan DG, Gimbrone MA. Winter, –. Autumn, . Language of care, The: Taking psychiatry to the streets. Christensen RC. Physician at the movies, The. Dans PE Summer, –. : to Yuma (). Spring, – Large and noble lines: The life of Howard P. Lewis, American College of : to Yuma (). Spring,  Physicians president, –. Macht M. Summer, –. The Cwounterfeiters (Die Fälscher). Autumn, – Letters to the editor The Horse Soldiers. Winter, – : Polio and the bomb. Belsky JL. Winter,  Man on Wire. Spring, – Academic uses for The Pharos. Foxworth J. Autumn,  Slumdog Millionaire. Autumn, – Anatomy—with or without a cadaver. Shankar PR. Spring, – Stagecoach (). Winter, – AΩA membership—more than high GPA. Pierce C. Spring, – Power of language in medicine, The—Case study: Mongolism. Stevenson TN. AΩA membership—more than high GPA: Editor’s note. Harris ED Jr. Spring, Autumn, –. – Remembering to forget. Cade GT. Spring, –. Be careful of chicken soup. Glick S. Winter,  Reviews and reflections. Bennahum DA, Coulehan J, editors. Calling Dr. Laennec! Mark JBD. Winter, – Geriatric Bioscience: The Link Between Aging and Disease, by David Dreaded burnout, The. Hamerman. Zwahlen-Minton D. Spring,  Carrasco C. Summer,  Henderson’s Equation, by Jerome Lowenstein. Baruch J. Winter, – Tinling D. Summer,  Ideas: A History of Thought and Invention, from Fire to Freud, by Peter Wrzosek M. Summer, – Watson. Claman HN. Autumn, – Election to AΩA. Phillips-Conroy JE. Summer,  Life in the Balance: A Physician’s Memoir of Life, Love, and Loss with For Whom the Bell Tolls and “New Medical Terms.” Levin ML. Autumn,  Parkinson’s Disease and Dementia, by Thomas Graboys with Peter Health care reform. Carter HR. Winter,  Zheutlin. Coulehan J. Spring, – James Harvey Young and medical education. Turton FE. Winter,  The Light Within: The Extraordinary Story of a Doctor and Patient Brought Locked-in syndrome. Golden G. Spring,  Together by Cancer, by Lois S. Ramondetta and Deborah Rose Sills. Medical illiteracy. Moser RH. Winter, – Coulehan J. Spring, – More  doctors in the movies Memory Lessons: A Doctor’s Story, by Jerald Winakur. Gianakos D. Summer, Barone JE. Winter,  –. Charles G. Winter,  The Orange Wire Problem and Other Tales from the Doctor’s Office, by David Lazarus A. Winter,  Watts. Shafer A. Autumn, –. Meyer JL II. Winter,  Our Daily Meds: How the Pharmaceutical Companies Transformed Movies: profanity, nudity, and violence. Fokes EC Jr. Summer,  Themselves into Slick Marketing Machines and Hooked the Nation on New medical terms. Moroff S. Summer,  Prescription Drugs, by Melody Petersen. Bevins MB. Summer, –. Physician-statesmen. Schwartz RA, Adler KP. Winter, – Patient Listening: A Doctor’s Guide, by Loreen Herwaldt. Platt FW. Winter, Poetry—perhaps best read aloud. Pick JW. Spring,  – Re “Wrongful death” Selling Teaching Hospitals and Practice Plans: George Washington and Johnson WW. Winter,  Georgetown, by John A. Kastor. Imperato PJ. Summer, –

62 The Pharos/Autumn 2009 Splendors and Miseries of the Brain: Love, Creativity, and the Quest for The Mugging. Poem. Pearson J. Autumn, . Human Happiness, by Semir Zeki. Brust JCM. Autumn, – The Pharos, Volume . Staff. Autumn, –. When the Air Hits Your Brain: Tales from Neurosurgery, by Frank Vertosick, The power of language in medicine—Case study: Mongolism. Stevenson TN. Jr. Egnor M. Winter, – Autumn, –. Samuel Johnson and I. Morgenstern L. Winter, –. The Turning Time. Poem. Potts DC. Autumn, . Seeing Patients. Poem and sketch. Blum A. Spring, . This is when it happens. Kirk ST. Autumn, –. Seishu Hanaoka, surgery, and anesthesia in feudal Japan. Nakayama DK. Winter, Tic Douloureux. Poem. Gass HH. Autumn, . –. Turning Time, The. Poem. Potts DC. Autumn, . Shut Up. Poem. Schreiber MH. Winter, . Voyage, A. Poem. Chesanow RL. Summer, . Submit a photo for the next “Write a Poem for This Photo Contest.” Autumn, . War story: The conflict in narrative- and evidence-based medicine. Ryan WH. Sunbeam egg cooker. Photo. Stuelke S. Autumn, . Autumn, –. Teaching residents to know their patients as individuals: The Aliki Initiative at Welcome to AΩA. Poem. Schidlow DV. Winter, . Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Ratanawongsa N, Rand CS, Magill Welcome to our new health policy section. Staff. Autumn, . CF, Hayashi J, Brandt L, Christmas C, Record JD, Howell EE, Federowicz MA, What Kind of Guy? Poem. Bronson R. Winter, . Hellmann DB, Ziegelstein RC. Summer, –. Winners of the  Write a Poem for This Photo Contest. Staff. Autumn, . The Jewish Home for the Aged. Poem. Zaret BL. Summer, . World Is Sleeping, The. Poem. Spring, . The language of care: Taking psychiatry to the streets. Christensen RC. Summer, –.

Submit a photo for the next “Write a Poem for This Photo Contest”

e are now accepting submissions for a photograph to feature in our next Write a Poem for This Photo Contest.W Submit your photograph by January  to:

Photo Contest Alpha Omega Alpha  Middlefield Road, Suite  Menlo Park, CA 

One photograph will be chosen for the inspiration for our next poetry contest. The winner will have his or her photograph published in The Pharos and will receive ten copies of the issues in which it appears, as well as a color PDF of the layout. There is no cash prize for this contest.

Contest requirements: . Submit two copies of your photograph, printed on  x -inch glossy photographic/inkjet paper. E-mail submissions will not be accepted in this contest. . Your name, address, and e-mail address must be on the back of each photograph. . If you are affiliated with The Pharos, including edi- torial board members, employees of the national office of AΩA, and contractors, you are not eligible to enter this contest. . The photograph must be your own work and must not have been submitted elsewhere. The Pharos will have the right of first refusal. . You do not have to be an AΩA member to enter this contest. . Entries will not be returned. You will be notified by e-mail when we receive your submission.

The Pharos/Autumn 2009 63 Winners of the 2009 Write a Poem for This Photo Contest

he contest to write a poem based on the photo below re- sulted in more than sixty submissions. Impressive, too, was theT diversity of the poets: among the roughly equal numbers of men and women, there were forty members of AΩA, seven spouses of AΩA members, medical students, and others who read The Pharos and decided to take on the challenge. The winners of the contest are: Carl Abbott, MD (AΩA, Dalhousie University, ), of Halifax, Nova Scotia, for “Wear Something Red”; Christine D. Hudak, MD (AΩA, Ohio State University, ), of Mogadore, Ohio, for “Undaunted”; Bhagirath Majmudar, MD (AΩA, Emory University, ), of Itinerary, !"#$ Atlanta, Georgia, for “A One Bag, One Leg Lady”; Newton Perhaps it was a dream, D. Scherl, MD (AΩA, Marquette Medical School, ), of she thinks, waiting for a flight Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, for “Reflections on a Photograph”; in an airport where the suitcase Ali Valdrighi of Granite Bay, California, for “The Woman with next to her carries one circle of rouge Everything.” and the hat on her head is trimmed with feathers The winning poems will be published together in a future and the shadows have not reached the pale issue of The Pharos. Poet Kate Reavey of Sequim, Washington, who assists us in cleavage of her breast and leg, the pale reviewing poems for The Pharos, was intrigued by the photo softness that gentleman, the dream and wrote a couple of poems of her own. Although she is ineli- of a man she met who loved feathers gible to compete in the contest, we’re publishing her work here and asked her to take this flight for your enjoyment. loved to touch gently, kindly, the rouge on her cheeks no match for her blush. Suitcase

Newark or Dallas, Milan or Munich by her side, she will wait with pursed lips, her suitor on the left bank of Paris, what seems now beyond the pale— No plane in view—just a suggestion of flight— for she has felt this week to be an eternity, and not even the Moulin Rouge the rolling suitcase nestled on the plush couch beside her. More companion than container—the bag waits, could have distracted her from the intensity of her dreams. a case where foundation and blush share spaces equally. Both sleeping and awake, she would while the days into flights of fancy, daydreaming her man, the thin tickle of feathers The woman gazes to her right, one bent knee exposed so that a thin crease of shadow echoes her natural cleavage— on her shoulders and her breast, the lightness of a feather calf and thigh relaxing against each other. A lacy edge was her own dream, for she could not reach her suitor of silk slip peeking out from beneath the tailored skirt tells could not access him by phone or post, and even this flight a story of anticipation, of a well-planned journey— might be a complete mistake, even as her beautiful, pale so much pink and the touch of feather boa skin awaits his touch, the hairspray and rouge just trimming her hat—convey the moment and the memories— a joke, a misunderstanding, and she, a fool, who dreamed an island sunset? Sipping tea on the Champs-Elysses? this man could have been serious, could dream Still she glances away, and the pursed lips, slouched shoulders contradict her spiffy pink, and the slight beige of exposed slip up a plan to rendezvous in Paris. The feathers seems more accident than flirtation. In another airport, on her pink hat begin to create more shadow than rouge- a woman is carrying her satchel over the shoulder, tinged light. Next to her, the couch accepts the weight of suitcase and woman equally, the slouch in her shoulders deepening the pale rushing to meet a man, as if in a field of golden light, her calves tensing and flexing with the flight, with the cleavage, and the entire idea of this weekend, this flight motion of finding him, no matter her lithe soles are held seems impossible. Still she waits, fights by tennis shoes, not strappy sandals, cotton socks the urge to take flight from this dream not sheer nylons. From a photograph, to simply turn away from the memories, pale we can never know the “should haves” from the distance of days, separating the light, feather- and “could haves” our lady carries lifted love from the weight of airport, suitcase, in that slim-lipped gaze. Only the weight the drone of engines cooling, wheels gliding to a stop. Rage of that black suitcase, handle propped up nearly as tall as the woman herself, stealing even, would be justified if the suitcase were packed in vain. the light away from pale and supple skin No. She is determined this time. Her limbs, her foundation and mascara, that once knew its own way to flight. will arrive, will feather the weight of this rosy dream into flight.

64 The Pharos/Winter 2008 !"#$%&'(

We may not remember that feeling of fear That stirred in our stomachs on our first day here. Or the raw recognition of our own defeat When we first held a heart that could no longer beat. We may not remember the rods and the cones, The ethmoid or sphenoid or palatine bones, Each circumflex, neural crest, ramus or rectus, Or each tiny branch off the cervical plexus. We may not remember each page that we read About trochlear nerves causing tilt of the head, Or the pathways that every red blood cell must take, Or which kind of fall leads to which kind of break. We may not remember each sulcus or groove, Each longus or brevis and how they all move, Each pterygoid, coronoid, cristae or carpal, Which tendons attach to the first metatarsal. The dermatomes, myotomes, orbital veins, Adductors, extensors or quadrants of pain. Nights spent with books where no one could find us To learn just what ends at the pez ancerinus. But no matter how long it has been since the days Of Moore and Persaud or Netter and Gray’s, We will not forget how we all got our start And the honest investment of those who took part. Margaret Moore

Ms. Moore is a member of the Class of !"#! at the University of Chicago Division of the Biological Sciences Pritzker School of Medicine. This poem won honorable mention in the !""$ Pharos Poetry Competition. The author’s e-mail address is: [email protected]. "#$%&'()"#$)(*(+"#,- !&#)&.)/0/

Alpha Omega Alpha necktie or bowtie Fashioned from fine silk by Vines of Martha’s , Massachusetts. Necktie, $45.00 Bowtie (freestyle), $38.00

To order, send a check to Alpha Omega Alpha 525 Middlefield Road, Suite 130 Menlo Park, California 94025 Or order online at www.asphaomegaalpha.org/store (Price includes shipping and handling)