National Team for Standardization of Geographical Names in Information Sheet on Recent Progress in Geographical Names

Year 2015-2016 29th Session of UNGEGN, Bangkok, 25-29 April 2016

Verification of Geographical Names of Man-made Features

The National Team for the Standardi- be typed incorrectly. However, when zation of Geographical Names has the data is being presented on a map responsibility in verifying, examining background, and the location of the and validating geographical names feature is shown spatially, then this which have already been inventoried. kind of error is much less likely. That is The National Team has been doing why it is very important to verify the this since 2006. The work is being geographical names using a Geo- Inside this issue: performed for different types of geo- graphic Information System (GIS) ap- Technical Manual For Col- 2 graphical names in stages: plication. lecting Man-made Geograph-  2006-2008: islands Verification is done first at the regency ical Names  2009-2011: administrative areas or city level, and then the data collect- Training for Local Govern- 2  2012-2014: natural features ed and passed up to the provincial ment Officers  2015-2017: man-made features level. Verification is performed to en-  2018-2020: cultural heritages sure that the following principles are Database of Generic Terms 3 for Southeast Division Although the time frame already followed: Countries passed, inventory, survey, verification  One object has only one official or Community Involvement and 3 and validation for names of islands, default name (though other names Research in Geographical administrative areas and natural fea- or designations used in the area Name Issue tures are still ongoing. may be listed);  The geographical coordinates for Awards for Local Government 4 In 2015, the National Team estab- each name are correct; Initiatives in Standardization of Geographical Names lished a standardized table format for  The spelling of the name is correct; the inventory and verification of geo-  All geographical features in each Validating Names of Small Is- 4 graphical names so that the data for- administrative area – district, town, mat at the local or regional levels is in province – have been documented; sync with that at the national level,  Geographical features at the regen- cy, city or provincial levels are never thus reducing the complexity in data entered twice, appearing in more management. In 2016, the Geospatial Book Reviews: than one administrative area. Information Authority of Indonesia has been developing a mobile application In 2015 the National Team verified  Toponim Jakarta dan Kepu- that will run on android devices in or- 27,549 names of roads, buildings, lauan Seribu: Kearifan Lokal dalam Penamaan Geografis der to further facilitate the process of residential areas and other man-made features in 8 provinces. In 2016 the [Toponyms of Jakarta and the inventory and verification of geograph- National Team will continue verifying Thousand Islands: Local Wis- ical names. names of man-made features in 12 prov- dom in Geographical Names] inces, and then in the rest 14 provinces in The geospatial element is important 2017.  Toponim Kota Bandung: during the verification process. When Keragaman Ekologi, Budaya, working with large tables of data, Sejarah dalam Penamaan those processing the data need to use Ruang Kota [Toponyms of the high levels of concentration and atten- City of Bandung: Diversity of tion to detail. Human limitations mean the Ecology, Culture and Histo- that it is possible for errors to creep in. ry in Naming Urban Spaces] For example, the figures for the coordi- nates of a geographical feature might Information Sheet on Recent Technical Manual For Collecting Progress in Geographical Names Man-made Geographical Names

On 14th April 2015 the Geospatial Infor- guages, Indonesian, and now are ap- mation Authority of Indonesia held a pearing in global or foreign meeting for members of the National which makes for a highly complex situa- Review of Djaenuderadjat, Team for the Standardization of Geo- tion. The Technical Manual will be inval- Endjat, and Gunawan, graphical Names to discuss the Tech- Restu eds. 2010. Toponim uable in understanding and systematiz- nical Manual for collecting geographical Jakarta dan Kepulauan ing this data. The Committees on geo- Seribu: Kearifan Lokal da- names of man-made features graphical names at the provincial, re- lam Penamaan Geografis (Pedoman Teknis Inventerisasi Nama [Toponyms of Jakarta and Rupabumi Unsur Buatan). This is part of gency or city level throughout the coun- the Thousand Islands: Local the development of the National Gazet- try will be working based on the manual Wisdom in Geographical teer. and are receiving training on how to Names]. Jakarta: Direktorat perform inventory and verification of the Geografi Sejarah, Direktorat Geographical names for man-made names for these features in their areas. Jenderal Sejarah dan Pur- features in Indonesia originate in the bakala, Kementerian Ke- budayaan dan Pariwisata. over seven hundred indigenous lan- 174 pages. ISBN: 978-979- 18278-2-9. Training for Local Government Officers

A key part of the National Team’s work standardizing geographical names for in standardizing geographical names is the man-made or built environment. the development of human resources. This category of geographical names For that purpose, the Geospatial Infor- includes streets, dams, bridges, reser- mation Authority of Indonesia conduct- voirs, housing estates, schools and oth- ed training courses for government offi- er buildings. The training sessions were cials working in various regional com- held in the classroom (lectures and mittees at the provincial and regency or computer exercises) and also at the city levels throughout Indonesia. field (surveys). Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, was established In 2015, a number of courses for inven- Similar training is being run in 2016. A in 1619 as a Dutch colonial tory and verification of man-made geo- total of approximately 300 participants fort and trading post. The graphical names were run for more than from 12 provinces will receive training present name, Jakarta, has 200 participants at the provincial and in three batches: had a long evolution. The district or city levels. The committees 1. 4-8 April 2016, in Padang, with par- site was first known as attending came from eight provinces: Kalapa, then Sunda Ke- ticipants from West Sumatera, Riau lapa, then Jayakarta, and East , Bali, East Nusa Tenggara, Islands, South and Bangka then Jacatra. Under Dutch Lampung, South Sulawesi, Central Sula- Belitung; colonial rule, it became wesi, North Sulawesi, and Central Kali- 2. 18-22 April 2016, in Pontianak, with known as Batavia, finally mantan. participants from West Kalimantan, taking the name Jakarta North Kalimantan, West Sulawesi after independence. Participants attended technical training and Southeast Sulawesi; sessions on inventorying, verifying and This book contains the ety- 3. 23-27 May 2016, in Semarang, with mologies of 109 place participants from Banten, Yogyakar- names in Jakarta and the ta, Central Java and North Maluku. islands north of Jakarta, known as the Thousand Islands. The names reflect the city’s identity as a ‘melting pot’ as many of the names have their origins in the cultures and languages of the many groups that live in the archipelago.

Trainees learnt how to gather infor- mation at the field (top) and to build a verified database of geographical names Page 2 on their computers (right) Database of Generic Names for Asia Year 2015-2016 Southeast Division Countries

UNGEGN’s Asia Southeast Division ministrative, (4) settlements, (5) trans- (ASED) is in the process of constructing portation, (6) land use, (7) man-made Review of Djaenuderadjat, Endjat, a database containing generic names features, and (8) cultural heritage. So and Abdurakhman eds. 2010. from all the member countries. far, three countries, , Indonesia Toponim Kota Bandung: Keraga- and , have submitted near-full man Ekologi, Budaya, Sejarah ASED, in accordance with the adoption sets of generic names, while the Philip- dalam Penamaan Ruang Kota of Resolution X/5, now comprises twelve pines and have submitted a [Toponyms of the City of Bandung: member countries, namely , Bru- partial set. The other countries are in the Diversity of the Ecology, Culture nei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, process of submitting their generic and History in Naming Urban Lao People's Democratic Republic, Ma- names. Spaces]. Jakarta: Direktorat Se- laysia, Myanmar, , Singapore, jarah dan Nilai Budaya, Direktorat Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. Some examples of the generic names so Jenderal Kebudayaan, Kementeri- far submitted are given in the table be- an Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. The generic names in the database are low: 182 pages. ISBN: 978-979-18033 organized into the following categories: -8-0. (1) hydrography, (2) topography, (3) ad- Bandung is the capital of West Java province in Indonesia and No Features Brunei Indonesia Malaysia the third largest city by popula- 1. Plateau Mercu Dataran Tinggi Dataran Tinggi tion in the country. The city has been shaped by its elevated 2. Island Pulau Pulau Pulau location, and is surrounded by 3. District Daerah Kecamatan Daerah mountains. The climate is cool, and pleasant. The place was 4. Village Kampung, Mukim Kelurahan/Desa Kampung favored by the Dutch as a place 5. Town Bandar, Pekan Kota Pekan to stay and to visit for recreation and was developed as a resort 6. Footpath Laluan Pejalan Kaki Jalan Setapak Laluan Pejalan Kaki town. During colonial times, the 7. Plantation Ladang Perhutanan Perkebunan Hutan Tanaman city was known as Parijs van Java because of its luxury hotels, 8. High School Pengajian Tinggi Sekolah Menegah Atas Sekolah Tinggi restaurants, cafes and bou- 9. Lighthouse Rumah Api Mercusuar Rumah Api tiques. Immediately after inde- pendence, Bandung became 10. Temple Tapikong Candi Kuil famous as the site of the first Asian-African Conference. The city is known as a university city. Community Involvement and Research It has experienced rapid urbani- zation in recent times but is still in Geographical Name Issues popular as a getaway place for people from the capital.. Many A new community organization called ancient and modern languages comes of the place names in and Komunitas Toponimi Indonesia (The from: 1) Chinese historical records from around Bandung reflect its to- Indonesian Toponymy Community) was the 1st century A.D. about voyages of the pography and are connected established on 15 January 2015 to bring Javanese; 2) 11th century stone inscrip- with water and vegetation. This together those interested in the study of tions describing sea ports; 3) 14th cen- book gives the etymologies of geographical names in Indonesia and to 30 district names, and 151 vil- tury manuscripts in old Javanese and old help develop the scientific field of topon- lage names. Balinese which describe ports and their ymy there. The organization also works to help publish information on topnomy activities; 4) Travel accounts written by so the field will be better known by the Portuguese seafarers journeys to Indo- public, and in the process help conserve nesia; and 5) 17th century Dutch mer- the country’s cultural heritage. The Indo- cantile records and notes during their nesian Toponymy Community is also colonial occupation of Indonesia. involved in encouraging research involv- ing local higher education institutions. The research at Universitas Padjajaran is Recent research has been conducted by another multidisciplinary study into the Universitas Indonesia and Universitas place names of ecotourist areas in West Padjajaran. Java. It shows the links between place names and local wisdom on the environ- The research at Universitas Indonesia is ment. Names are also shown to be in- a multi-disciplinary investigation into the volved in branding in ecoutourism. Data place ’s historic for the study comes from oral traditions, ports. The context of this is Indonesia’s folklore, and local wisdom. maritime culture. The data, in different Page 3 National Team for Standardization of The National Team for Standardization of Geographical Names in Geographical Names in Indonesia Indonesia was established in 2006 based on the Presidential Rule Number 112 Year 2006. It is chaired by the Minister of Secretariat: Home Affairs, and its technical operation is led by the Head of Geospatial Information Authority of Indonesia Geospatial Information Authority. It consists of senior officials and (Badan Informasi Geospasial) Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km.46 technical experts from a number of ministries, national agencies, Cibinong, Bogor 16911 and universities, including: the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Geo- INDONESIA spatial Information Authority, the Ministry of Marine and Coastal Affairs, the Ministry of Defense, the Topographic Directorate of the Phone/Fax: +62 21 87901254 Army, the Hydro-Oceanographic Directorate of the Navy, Universi- E-mail: [email protected] tas Indonesia, and Institut Teknologi Bandung.

Awards for Local Government Initiatives in Standardization of Geographical Names

The Indonesian Minister of Home Affairs award best practices for geographical during the Toponymy as the Chairperson of the National name management by local govern- Fiesta, held in Ban- Team for the Standardization of Geo- ments. These awards give recognition dung, West Java. The graphical Names in Indonesia oversees for the establishment of local commit- event was attended and is responsible for getting local gov- tees on standardization of geographical by representatives of ernments to identify, verify, register and names; progress in capacity building; local governments. report their findings on local geograph- good practice in supervision and coordi- The awards presented were Best Perfor- ical names and heritages. nation; and promotion of newly verified mance of Provincial Government on islands. Geographical Names Standardization; The Ministry of Home Affairs, to achieve and Best Initiative in Promoting Islands. these goals, has put together a number The most recent awards event was tak- of competitions that recognize and en place on 14-16 December 2015,

Validating Names of Small Islands

Indonesia is an archipelagic state. Its small islands including: name of the provinces visited were West Papua, East small islands are important strategical- island and the province it is in, adminis- Java, South Sulawesi, East Kalimantan, ly, economically, and environmentally. trative area it is in, geographical loca- West Java, Bangka Belitung, Southeast The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fish- tion and coordinates, size of the island, Sulawesi, and East Nusa Tenggara. The eries has been visiting these small is- population, history, topography, and total number of small islands validated lands to validate toponym data during other information such as culture. in these periods was 1,364 islands. 2013-2015. The surveys were conducted in different There is a strong commitment to contin- The goals of validating small islands provinces. In 2013, which were Riau ue the work, overcome all obstacles and are: to verify work done so far so that Islands, North Kalimantan, and Central to complete the verification of all small the gazetteer can be updated; to sys- Sulawesi. In 2014, they were done in islands in Indonesia by 2017. tematically collect detailed data on the Aceh, and South Kali- mantan. In 2015, the

Photo documentation during a site survey in Aceh (top) and South- Gazetteer data corrections based on Challenging conditions during a survey east Sulawesi (right) the results of verification