The Project for Development of the National Biodiversity Database System in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
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Assessment and Conservation of Threatened Bird Species at Laojunshan, Sichuan, China
CLP Report Assessment and conservation of threatened bird species at Laojunshan, Sichuan, China Submitted by Jie Wang Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R.China E-mail:[email protected] To Conservation Leadership Programme, UK Contents 1. Summary 2. Study area 3. Avian fauna and conservation status of threatened bird species 4. Habitat analysis 5. Ecological assessment and community education 6. Outputs 7. Main references 8. Acknowledgements 1. Summary Laojunshan Nature Reserve is located at Yibin city, Sichuan province, south China. It belongs to eastern part of Liangshan mountains and is among the twenty-five hotspots of global biodiversity conservation. The local virgin alpine subtropical deciduous forests are abundant, which are actually rare at the same latitudes and harbor a tremendous diversity of plant and animal species. It is listed as a Global 200 ecoregion (WWF), an Important Bird Area (No. CN205), and an Endemic Bird Area (No. D14) (Stattersfield, et al . 1998). However, as a nature reserve newly built in 1999, it is only county-level and has no financial support from the central government. Especially, it is quite lack of scientific research, for example, the avifauna still remains unexplored except for some observations from bird watchers. Furthermore, the local community is extremely poor and facing modern development pressures, unmanaged human activities might seriously disturb the local ecosystem. We conducted our project from April to June 2007, funded by Conservation Leadership Programme. Two fieldwork strategies were used: “En bloc-Assessment” to produce an avifauna census and ecological assessments; "Special Survey" to assess the conservation status of some threatened endemic bird species. -
The Generic Taxonomy of Parrotbills (Aves, Timaliidae)
FORKTAIL 25 (2009): 137–141 The generic taxonomy of parrotbills (Aves, Timaliidae) JOHN PENHALLURICK and CRAIG ROBSON The parrotbills are typically considered to contain just three genera: Conostoma, Paradoxornis and Panurus. Discounting Panurus from consideration (it has recently been shown to have a distant relationship to the babblers), we maintain a single species in Conostoma, C. aemodium, and assign the species currently lumped into Paradoxornis among seven genera that fall into two groups based in part on size: the first group (which also includes Conostoma) consists of Hemirhynchus (for paradoxus and unicolor); Psittiparus (for gularis, margaritae, ruficeps and bakeri) and Paradoxornis (for flavirostris, guttaticollis and heudei); the second comprises Chleuasicus (for atrosuperciliaris), a new genus Sinosuthora (for brunnea, webbiana, alphonsiana, conspicillata, zappeyi and przewalskii), Neosuthora (for davidiana) and Suthora (for fulvifrons, verreauxi, nipalensis, humii, poliotis, ripponi and beaulieui). INTRODUCTION to reflect this distant relationship. We will go through the genera we propose, giving the full citation for the generic Earlier accounts of the parrotbills, such as Sharpe (1883), name, plus synonyms, and listing the species we assign to Hartert (1907), Hartert and Steinbacher (1932–38), and each genus, and its subspecies, with detailed distribution Baker (1930), treated them in multiple genera, but in provided for both monotypic species and subspecies. recent works (Deignan 1964, Dickinson 2003, Robson 2007) the great majority have been placed in Paradoxornis. This arrangement goes back to Delacour (1946), who THE GENERA AND SPECIES assigned all taxa except Great Parrotbill Conostoma aemodium and Bearded Reedling Panurus biarmicus to Conostoma Hodgson, 1842 Paradoxornis. His explanation for this radical move was Conostoma Hodgson, 1842 [‘1841’], Journal of the Asiatic brief, and roughly translates as follows: Society of Bengal 10: 856. -
Nor Hawani Salikin
Characterisation of a novel antinematode agent produced by the marine epiphytic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata and its impact on Caenorhabditis elegans Nor Hawani Salikin A thesis in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science August 2020 Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname/Family Name : Salikin Given Name/s : Nor Hawani Abbreviation for degree as give in the University : Ph.D. calendar Faculty : UNSW Faculty of Science School : School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences Characterisation of a novel antinematode agent produced Thesis Title : by the marine epiphytic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata and its impact on Caenorhabditis elegans Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) Drug resistance among parasitic nematodes has resulted in an urgent need for the development of new therapies. However, the high re-discovery rate of antinematode compounds from terrestrial environments necessitates a new repository for future drug research. Marine epiphytic bacteria are hypothesised to produce nematicidal compounds as a defence against bacterivorous predators, thus representing a promising, yet underexplored source for antinematode drug discovery. The marine epiphytic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas tunicata is known to produce a number of bioactive compounds. Screening genomic libraries of P. tunicata against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans identified a clone (HG8) showing fast-killing activity. However, the molecular, chemical and biological properties of HG8 remain undetermined. A novel Nematode killing protein-1 (Nkp-1) encoded by an uncharacterised gene of HG8 annotated as hp1 was successfully discovered through this project. The Nkp-1 toxicity appears to be nematode-specific, with the protein being highly toxic to nematode larvae but having no impact on nematode eggs. -
Free-Living Marine Nematodes from San Antonio Bay (Río Negro, Argentina)
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 574: 43–55Free-living (2016) marine nematodes from San Antonio Bay (Río Negro, Argentina) 43 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.574.7222 DATA PAPER http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Free-living marine nematodes from San Antonio Bay (Río Negro, Argentina) Gabriela Villares1, Virginia Lo Russo1, Catalina Pastor de Ward1, Viviana Milano2, Lidia Miyashiro3, Renato Mazzanti3 1 Laboratorio de Meiobentos LAMEIMA-CENPAT-CONICET, Boulevard Brown 2915, U9120ACF, Puerto Madryn, Argentina 2 Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, sede Puerto Madryn. Boulevard Brown 3051, U9120ACF, Puerto Madryn, Argentina 3Centro de Cómputos CENPAT-CONICET, Boulevard Brown 2915, U9120ACF, Puerto Madryn, Argentina Corresponding author: Gabriela Villares ([email protected]) Academic editor: H-P Fagerholm | Received 18 November 2015 | Accepted 11 February 2016 | Published 28 March 2016 http://zoobank.org/3E8B6DD5-51FA-499D-AA94-6D426D5B1913 Citation: Villares G, Lo Russo V, Pastor de Ward C, Milano V, Miyashiro L, Mazzanti R (2016) Free-living marine nematodes from San Antonio Bay (Río Negro, Argentina). ZooKeys 574: 43–55. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.574.7222 Abstract The dataset of free-living marine nematodes of San Antonio Bay is based on sediment samples collected in February 2009 during doctoral theses funded by CONICET grants. A total of 36 samples has been taken at three locations in the San Antonio Bay, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina on the coastal littoral at three tidal levels. This presents a unique and important collection for benthic biodiversity assessment of Patagonian nematodes as this area remains one of the least known regions. -
The Systematic Position of the Family Ironidae and Its Relation to the Dorylaimida
THE SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE FAMILY IRONIDAE AND ITS RELATION TO THE DORYLAIMIDA by A. COOMANS and A. VAN DER HEIDEN Instituut voor Dierkunde, Rijksuniversiteit Gent, Ledeganckstraat 35, B 9000 Gent, Belgium ABSTRACT A critical review is made of the similarities and differences existing between the Ironidae and the Dorylaimida. The most important diagnostic features of the main groups of Dorylaimida, up to the superfamily level, and of the Enoplidae are listed. The family Ironidae is subdivided into two subfamilies of which the Coniliinae constitute a new subfamily with Conilia Gerlach, 1956 as the type genus. From the detailed comparison of both groups it is concluded that the differences are important and that the similarities are probably the result of parallel evolution, occurring in two branches that evolved independently from a remote enoplid ancestor. It is further argued that Ironidae do not fit well in Tripyloidea and are at present better included in Enoploidea, On several occasions the similarities between Ironidae and Dorylaimida have been stressed, the extreme being the inclusion of the genera of the Ironidae in the family Dorylaimidae (W ie s e r , 1953). Ironidae are now usually classified under Tripyloidea in the Enoplida, but a close relationship between Ironidae and Dory laimida has been postulated, with Ironidae representing the ancestral type. COMPARISON OF THE MAIN FEATURES OF IRONIDAE AND DORYLAIMIDA Differences can be observed in e.g. the number and position of the lips (except Ironella), structure and outlet of the excretory system, position of the oesophageal gland outlets and habitat of most representatives. Similarities exist in general body shape, position and shape of the amphideal fovea, structure of the feeding apparatus, structure of the female reproductive system and of the male copulatory apparatus. -
Red List of Bangladesh 2015
Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary Chief National Technical Expert Mohammad Ali Reza Khan Technical Coordinator Mohammad Shahad Mahabub Chowdhury IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature Bangladesh Country Office 2015 i The designation of geographical entitles in this book and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature concerning the legal status of any country, territory, administration, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The biodiversity database and views expressed in this publication are not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, Bangladesh Forest Department and The World Bank. This publication has been made possible because of the funding received from The World Bank through Bangladesh Forest Department to implement the subproject entitled ‘Updating Species Red List of Bangladesh’ under the ‘Strengthening Regional Cooperation for Wildlife Protection (SRCWP)’ Project. Published by: IUCN Bangladesh Country Office Copyright: © 2015 Bangladesh Forest Department and IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holders, provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holders. Citation: Of this volume IUCN Bangladesh. 2015. Red List of Bangladesh Volume 1: Summary. IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh, pp. xvi+122. ISBN: 978-984-34-0733-7 Publication Assistant: Sheikh Asaduzzaman Design and Printed by: Progressive Printers Pvt. -
Zoonotic Nematodes of Wild Carnivores
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2019 Zoonotic nematodes of wild carnivores Otranto, Domenico ; Deplazes, Peter Abstract: For a long time, wildlife carnivores have been disregarded for their potential in transmitting zoonotic nematodes. However, human activities and politics (e.g., fragmentation of the environment, land use, recycling in urban settings) have consistently favoured the encroachment of urban areas upon wild environments, ultimately causing alteration of many ecosystems with changes in the composition of the wild fauna and destruction of boundaries between domestic and wild environments. Therefore, the exchange of parasites from wild to domestic carnivores and vice versa have enhanced the public health relevance of wild carnivores and their potential impact in the epidemiology of many zoonotic parasitic diseases. The risk of transmission of zoonotic nematodes from wild carnivores to humans via food, water and soil (e.g., genera Ancylostoma, Baylisascaris, Capillaria, Uncinaria, Strongyloides, Toxocara, Trichinella) or arthropod vectors (e.g., genera Dirofilaria spp., Onchocerca spp., Thelazia spp.) and the emergence, re-emergence or the decreasing trend of selected infections is herein discussed. In addition, the reasons for limited scientific information about some parasites of zoonotic concern have been examined. A correct compromise between conservation of wild carnivores and risk of introduction and spreading of parasites of public health concern is discussed in order to adequately manage the risk of zoonotic nematodes of wild carnivores in line with the ’One Health’ approach. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.12.011 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-175913 Journal Article Published Version The following work is licensed under a Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License. -
Passeriformes) Based on Seven Molecular Markers Silke Fregin1*, Martin Haase1, Urban Olsson2 and Per Alström3,4
Fregin et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, 12:157 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/157 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access New insights into family relationships within the avian superfamily Sylvioidea (Passeriformes) based on seven molecular markers Silke Fregin1*, Martin Haase1, Urban Olsson2 and Per Alström3,4 Abstract Background: The circumscription of the avian superfamily Sylvioidea is a matter of long ongoing debate. While the overall inclusiveness has now been mostly agreed on and 20 families recognised, the phylogenetic relationships among the families are largely unknown. We here present a phylogenetic hypothesis for Sylvioidea based on one mitochondrial and six nuclear markers, in total ~6.3 kbp, for 79 ingroup species representing all currently recognised families and some species with uncertain affinities, making this the most comprehensive analysis of this taxon. Results: The resolution, especially of the deeper nodes, is much improved compared to previous studies. However, many relationships among families remain uncertain and are in need of verification. Most families themselves are very well supported based on the total data set and also by indels. Our data do not support the inclusion of Hylia in Cettiidae, but do not strongly reject a close relationship with Cettiidae either. The genera Scotocerca and Erythrocercus are closely related to Cettiidae, but separated by relatively long internodes. The families Paridae, Remizidae and Stenostiridae clustered among the outgroup taxa and not within Sylvioidea. Conclusions: Although the phylogenetic position of Hylia is uncertain, we tentatively support the recognition of the family Hyliidae Bannerman, 1923 for this genus and Pholidornis. We propose new family names for the genera Scotocerca and Erythrocercus, Scotocercidae and Erythrocercidae, respectively, rather than including these in Cettiidae, and we formally propose the name Macrosphenidae, which has been in informal use for some time. -
Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 38(2) 1971
i~rl&'-->¥J:,'\±" •• • :•> ' .- fec?^VIS3; Volufrie/r38 '$ .4,^ July--! 97.1' Number 2 The Helmintholog^ ri ' ^V seibionjpua/ /ourriq/ of research devoted fo 1 ^' {HelminiholQQy arid all branches, of Parasitol&gy in :; i~ ^ ; g / Brdytpn H.. Ransom Memorial /Trust Fjund x ; ;;, '' ''''•'".''.''/ .'.^'rv'"^.' 7'' ';';< • ''-,."' •.! :."•"'•'-- ^. ! •• - , '• ';;/- - '*.-. ' • •' ' '//Y'- •' ; ;' -'/V.- " y, ? Subscription $9.00 a ,VpIurne; Fpreign, $9.50 '^ ^ / ' ; \ ^ ;> v £ ^','ilfnl ''$$** ^ CONTENTS;V ^v^^,;^;--.^- ;, '••1,J,>; V- ALI, S, MEHDI, M. V. SuRYAWANSHi, AND K. ZAkitrDDiN GHISTY. ^Rogertis rosae , r/ sp..ri.\(Nematoda: jGylindrolaimiriae ) from Marathwada, India .-.-.-,-.,.lr... 193 BECKERDlTE, FRED W., GROV^R' C. 'IVllLliER, AND REINARD HAR«3EMA. ; Obser- •*"— '••,'' vatioris on "the Life Cycle ofi Pharyngostomoides !spp. and the Description ' ;pf P. adenp'eeplidla sp. -ri.' (Strigeoidea: DijilostOmatidae ) -from 'the ,Rac-,'x • >:'' .coon, Proctjon lotor (L. ) ______ ^-_-_L^-J..-^-—r.— ,-.l.^--^^_L.^.,-^ _____-,.^.lj.^: ; ;149 CQLGLAZIER, 'M. L., .K. Q. KATES, A^D ,F.. D. ENZIE. ( Activity , of LevamisoleP i" "Pyrantel rTartrate., and :Rafoxanide Against T\vo 'Tiiiahendazole-tolerant Iso- ^ ,'Jate s 6i'<H,aeinbnclws /contortus, and 'T\v'o Species of 'Ti'ichdstrorigylus^m DOUVRES, FRANK W. AND FKANCIS G. TROMBA. Comparative , Development of ^ " \ ' . Ascpris$w,iin in Rabbits, Guinea "Pigs,' Mice;, arid Swine in I'l "Days •-. ,.-_— ^\ 246 , JQHN V.,<G. TRUMAN FINCHER, AND : 'T, BONNER STEWART. \Eimeria ' •, 'pat/neisp.n.J, Protozoa:' Eimeriidae) rfrom tiie Gopher ^Tortoise, 'Gflphenis > Polyphemus J__^^-l_r-..r-_-l-__J^:l.u--— _. _____ L_ rrl— ~- ..— -—.-----^--- - l-----A---i---^-t:. '- ..'223 !:,, JACOB H, AND J.,D. THOMAS. - Some Hemiuricl Trematodes of Marine Fishes^from Ghana ._.-1::...^.._-JJ— 1..L _____:.„;... ^:l..-:-.^-.^.:-lL_-_. -
Respiratory and Cardiopulmonary Nematode Species of Foxes and Jackals in Serbia
©2018 Institute of Parasitology, SAS, Košice DOI 10.2478/helm-2018-0019 HELMINTHOLOGIA, 55, 213 – 221, 2018 Respiratory and cardiopulmonary nematode species of foxes and jackals in Serbia O. BJELIĆ ČABRILO1#, V. SIMIN2#, M. MILJEVIĆ2, B. ČABRILO1*, D. MIJATOVIĆ2, D. LALOŠEVIĆ1,2 1University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia, E-mail: [email protected], *[email protected], [email protected]; 2Pasteur Institute of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 1, Novi Sad, Serbia, E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Article info Summary Received January 12, 2018 As part of routine monitoring of foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and jackals (Canis aureus) on the territory Accepted May 7, 2018 of Vojvodina province (northern Serbia), an analysis of respiratory and cardiopulmonary parasitic nematodes was conducted. Both host species harbored Eucoleus aerophilus, E. boehmi and Cren- osoma vulpis, whereas Angiostrongylus vasorum was found only in foxes. A high prevalence of infection (72.6 %) was noted for E. aerophilus in foxes. The remaining parasite species occurred less frequently in both host species. In all species where it could be quantifi ed, a high degree of parasite aggregation within host individuals was noted. Single species infections were most common, where- as two and three species infections occurred less frequently in both host species. The distribution of abundance of E. aerophilus was affected by host sex, with abundances higher in male foxes. Sampling site and year infl uenced abundance variation in E. -
Evaluation of Some Vulval Appendages in Nematode Taxonomy
Comp. Parasitol. 76(2), 2009, pp. 191–209 Evaluation of Some Vulval Appendages in Nematode Taxonomy 1,5 1 2 3 4 LYNN K. CARTA, ZAFAR A. HANDOO, ERIC P. HOBERG, ERIC F. ERBE, AND WILLIAM P. WERGIN 1 Nematology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]) and 2 United States National Parasite Collection, and Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]) ABSTRACT: A survey of the nature and phylogenetic distribution of nematode vulval appendages revealed 3 major classes based on composition, position, and orientation that included membranes, flaps, and epiptygmata. Minor classes included cuticular inflations, protruding vulvar appendages of extruded gonadal tissues, vulval ridges, and peri-vulval pits. Vulval membranes were found in Mermithida, Triplonchida, Chromadorida, Rhabditidae, Panagrolaimidae, Tylenchida, and Trichostrongylidae. Vulval flaps were found in Desmodoroidea, Mermithida, Oxyuroidea, Tylenchida, Rhabditida, and Trichostrongyloidea. Epiptygmata were present within Aphelenchida, Tylenchida, Rhabditida, including the diverged Steinernematidae, and Enoplida. Within the Rhabditida, vulval ridges occurred in Cervidellus, peri-vulval pits in Strongyloides, cuticular inflations in Trichostrongylidae, and vulval cuticular sacs in Myolaimus and Deleyia. Vulval membranes have been confused with persistent copulatory sacs deposited by males, and some putative appendages may be artifactual. Vulval appendages occurred almost exclusively in commensal or parasitic nematode taxa. Appendages were discussed based on their relative taxonomic reliability, ecological associations, and distribution in the context of recent 18S ribosomal DNA molecular phylogenetic trees for the nematodes. -
Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism Within and Among Species of Capillaria Sensu Lato from Australian Marsupials and Rodentsq
____________________________________________________________________________http://www.paper.edu.cn International Journal for Parasitology 30 (2000) 933±938 www.elsevier.nl/locate/ijpara Research note Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism within and among species of Capillaria sensu lato from Australian marsupials and rodentsq Xingquan Zhua, David M. Sprattb, Ian Beveridgea, Peter Haycockb, Robin B. Gassera,* aDepartment of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, 250 Princes Highway, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia bCSIRO Wildlife & Ecology, GPO Box 284, Canberra 2601, Australia Received 12 April 2000; received in revised form 9 June 2000; accepted 9 June 2000 Abstract The nucleotide variation in a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragment within and among species of Capillaria sensu lato from Australian marsupials and rodents was analyzed using a mutation scanning/sequencing approach. The fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was ampli®ed by PCR from parasite DNA, and analysed by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing. There was no signi®cant variation in SSCP pro®les within a morphospecies from a particular host species, but signi®cant variation existed among morphospecies originating from different host species. The same morphospecies was found to occur in 1±3 tissue habitats within one host individual or within different individuals of a particular species of host from the same or different geographical areas, and morphospecies appeared to be relatively host speci®c at the generic level. The results indicated that the species of Capillaria sensu lato examined, although highly variable in their host and tissue speci®city, may exhibit the greatest degree of speci®city at the level of host genus. q 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.