Development of Telecommunication Systems for EM-1 Interplanetary CubeSat Missions
2017 Interplanetary Small Satellite Conf. San Jose, California, USA 1-2 May 2017
K. Angkasa, A. Babuscia, J. Baker, N. Chahat, M. Chase, F. Davarian, C. Duncan, T. Dobreva, S. Holmes, M. Kobayashi, C. Lau, D. Lewis, A. Yarlagadda Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. CL#TBD Outline Development of Telecommunication Systems for EM-1 Interplanetary CubeSat Missions
• Introduction to EM-1 CubeSat Missions • 6 EM-1 CubeSats Using Iris
Lunar IceCube LunaH-Map Lunar Flashlight CuSP NEAS BioSentinel
– Telecom Systems End-to-End – Telecom Architecture & Development Challenges for Each Mission – Telecom Architecture Summary – Telecom Parameters Summary • Closing Remarks
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 2
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OMOTENASHI, JAXA EQUULEUS, JAXA Centennial ArgoMoon, Argotec Challenge 6 missions using Iris Transponder
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 3 6 EM-1 CubeSat Missions Using Iris V2.1 Transponder
Telecom Hardware Salient Features Lunar IceCube Iris V2.1 Transponder Network Compatibility DSN Frequency Bands X-band Iris Transponder UL X-Band Freq. 7.145 - 7.190 GHz; 7.190 - 7.235 (near Earth) LunaH-Map DL X-Band Freq. 8.400 - 8.450 GHz; 8.450 - 8.500 GHz (near Earth) UL Command Rates 62.5 - 8k bps, PCM/PSK/PM UL Subcarriers 16 kHz, Direct carrier modulation LNA DL Telemetry Rates 62.5 - 256k bps Lunar Flashlight Turbo 1/2, 1/3, 1/6, Conv. 7-1/2, RS (255,223) DL Subcarriers 25 kHz, Direct carrier modulation Command/Telemetry CCSDS 232.0-B-3 TC Space Data Link Protocol CCSDS 732.0-B-3 AOS Space Data Link Protocol SSPA (2W, 4W) CuSP Iris Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) 2 RF paths, dedicated to 2 antennas, path selectable via power switching Iris Solid State Power Amplifier 3 RF paths, dedicated to 3 antennas, path (SSPA) selectable via power switching (2W, 4W) Tx LGA Rx LGA NEAS JPL Custom Antennas Low Gain Antenna (LGA) 7 dBi gain (Tx, Rx) Medium Gain Antenna (MGA) 23 dBi gain (Tx)
BioSentinel Tx MGA Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 4 Telecom Systems End-to-End
Rx Antenna
LNA
Radio Tx Antenna
SSPA
Kentucky Madrid 21m 34m
Mission Ops Center Canberra Goldstone (MOC) 34m 34m
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 5 Telecom Architecture & Development Challenges
Rx LGA Lunar IceCube
LNA Rx LGA
“the DSN”
Iris V2.1 Transponder
Tx LGA 34m 21m MSU 21m 34m 34m SSPA Tx LGA Development Challenges 4W • MSU 21m antenna upgrade, to become part of “the DSN”. • MSU Mission Operations Center “DSN” upgrade (in addition to “NEN”), which includes the development of JPL ”DSN” AMPCS mission ops tools at the MSU MOC. MSU MOC
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 6 Telecom Architecture & Development Challenges
LunaH-Map Rx LGA
LNA Rx LGA
Iris V2.1 Transponder
Tx LGA 34m 21m 34m 34m SSPA Tx LGA Development Challenges 2W • Mission navigation requirement requires long comm. passes, hence the selection of 2W SSPA to keep power consumption low!
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 7 Telecom Architecture & Development Challenges
Rx LGA Lunar Flashlight
LNA Rx LGA
Iris V2.1 Transponder
Tx LGA 34m
34m 34m SSPA Tx LGA Development Challenges 4W • Mission requirement to downlink data at high data rate. • Requires special arrangements with Spectrum Management office, to select near Earth frequency (and telemetry coding) that minimizes potential interference to other near Earth missions. Reminder: near Earth traffic is more congested than Deep Space!
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 8 Telecom Architecture & Development Challenges
Rx LGA CuSP
LNA Rx LGA
Iris V2.1 Transponder
34m
34m 34m SSPA Tx MGA Development Challenges 4W • Mission carries the risk of flying with only 1 transmit antenna.
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 9 Telecom Architecture & Development Challenges
Rx LGA NEAS
LNA Rx LGA
Iris V2.1 Transponder
Tx LGA 34m
34m 34m SSPA Deployable Tx LGA Development Challenges 4W Tx MGA • Mission deployable Tx MGA requires tight antenna pointing requirement!
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 10 Telecom Architecture & Development Challenges
Rx LGA BioSentinel
LNA Rx LGA
Iris V2.1 Transponder
Tx LGA 34m
34m 34m SSPA Tx MGA Tx LGA Development Challenges 4W • Include the typical mass, power, and volume constraints for a 6U CubeSat.
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 11 Telecom Architecture - Summary
Mission Radio LNA SSPA Rx Antenna Tx Antenna DSN Ground Name Station
Lunar Iris V2.1 1 Iris LNA Iris SSPA 4W LGA (2) LGA (2) 34m & 21m IceCube Transponder LunaH- Iris V2.1 2 Iris LNA Iris SSPA 2W LGA (2) LGA (2) 34m & 21m Map Transponder Lunar Iris V2.1 3 Iris LNA Iris SSPA 4W LGA (2) LGA (2) 34m Flashlight Transponder Iris V2.1 4 CuSP Iris LNA Iris SSPA 4W LGA (2) MGA (1) 34m Transponder LGA (2) Iris V2.1 LGA (2) 5 NEAS Iris LNA Iris SSPA 4W Deployable 34m Transponder MGA (1) Bio Iris V2.1 LGA (2) 6 Iris LNA Iris SSPA 4W LGA (2) 34m Sentinel Transponder MGA (1)
Summary: Telecom architectures for the above 6 EM1 CubeSats are uniform, with slight variations due to the specifics of the mission needs.
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 12 Telecom Parameters
Mission Destination Max. Network UL/DL Max. SC UL/CMD UL/CMD DL/TLM DL/TLM Name Distance Compat. Freq. EIRP Data Rate Coding Data Rate Coding (km) Band (dBm) (bps) (bps) Lunar PCM/PSK/PM Turbo 1/2, 1/6 1 Moon ~1M DSN X/X [1] ~42 [2] 62.5 - 1k (16 kHz 62.5 - 256k (25 kHz subcarrier, IceCube subcarrier) or direct carrier) LunaH- PCM/PSK/PM Turbo 1/2, 1/6 2 Moon ~1M DSN X/X [1] ~39 [3] 62.5 - 1k (16 kHz 62.5 - 256k (25 kHz subcarrier, Map subcarrier) or direct carrier) Lunar PCM/PSK/PM Turbo 1/2, 1/3, 1/6 3 Moon ~1M DSN X/X [1] ~42 [2] 62.5 - 1k (16 kHz 62.5 - 256k (25 kHz subcarrier, Flashlight subcarrier) or direct carrier) Helio PCM/PSK/PM Turbo 1/6 4 CuSP ~15M DSN X/X ~59 [4] 62.5 - 1k (16 kHz 62.5, 8k (25 kHz subcarrier, Orbit subcarrier) or direct carrier) Asteroid PCM/PSK/PM Turbo 1/6 5 NEAS ~179.5M DSN X/X ~59 [4] 62.5 - 1k (16 kHz 62.5 - 8k (25 kHz subcarrier, Belt subcarrier or direct carrier) Bio Helio PCM/PSK/PM Turbo 1/2, 1/6 6 ~105M DSN X/X ~59 [4] 62.5 - 2k (16 kHz 62.5 - 8k (25 kHz subcarrier, Sentinel Orbit subcarrier or direct carrier)
Summary: Telecom parameters for the above 6 EM1 CubeSats are uniform, with slight variations due to the specifics of the mission needs.
[1] near Earth frequencies [2] with Tx LGA & 4W SSPA [3] with Tx LGA & 2W SSPA [4] with Tx MGA & 4W SSPA
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 13 Closing Remarks
• This presentation shows the development of telecom systems for 6 interplanetary EM-1 CubeSat missions (Lunar IceCube, LunaH-Map, Lunar Flashlight, CuSP, NEAS, BioSentinel). Iris Transponder
• The end-to-end telecom systems for the 6 EM-1 CubeSats are uniform with slight variations due to the specifics of the mission needs, and can be performed using the following: LNA – Iris V2.1 Transponder, LNA, SSPA – JPL custom antennas – DSN ground station (34m, 21m) and the associated SSPA 2W, 4W Mission Operations Center (MOC).
Tx LGA Rx LGA • We look forward to successful missions on EM-1!
Tx MGA
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged. 14 jpl.nasa.gov
Copyright ©2017 California Institute of Technology. Government Sponsorship Acknowledged.