Whole Genome Comparisons of Staphylococcus Agnetis Isolates from Cattle and Chickens
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus and Other Coagulase Positive Staphylococci in Bovine Raw Milk in Khartoum State by Ikhtyar Ah
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by KhartoumSpace Detection of Staphylococcus aureus and other Coagulase Positive Staphylococci in Bovine Raw Milk in Khartoum State By Ikhtyar Ahmed Hassan Ali B.C.Sc (2003) Supervisor Prof. Mohammed Taha Shigiddi Department of Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary medicine A dissertation submitted to University of Khartoum in partial fulfillment for the requirement of the Degree of Master of Science in Microbiology Department of Microbiology Faculty of veterinary Medicine University of Khartoum 2010 Dedication to my father, mother, brothers and sisters with love I Table of Contents Subject Page Dedication………………………………………………………. I Table of Contents………………………………………………. II List of Figures…………………………………………………… VII List of Table…………………………………………………….. VIII Acknowledgments………………………………………………. IX Abstract…………………………………………………………. X Abstract (Arabic)……………………………………………… XI Introduction…………………………………………………… 1 Chapter One: Literature Review…………………………….. 3 1.1. Health Hazards of Raw Milk…………………………………… 4 1.2. Pathogenic bacteria in milk........................................................ 5 1.3. Microbial quality of raw milk.................................................... 6 1.4. Staphylococci........................................................................... 7 1.4.1. Coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS)……………………… 8 1.4.2. Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS)……………………… 10 1.5. Staphylococcus aureus………………………………………… 10 1.5.1. Virulence characteristics of S. -
Greasy Pig Disease
Greasy Pig Disease Greasy Pig Disease is caused by a bacterium called Staphylococcus hyicus. Clinical signs are mostly seen with piglets which are up to 2 weeks old, but it can affect pigs up to 6 weeks of age and older. The bacterium is transmitted from pig to pig and is contagious (can spread easily). In pre-weaned pigs, a few piglets or a litter may be affected, in contrast to post-weaned animals when litters are mixed and a greater number of pigs can show clinical signs. Staphylococcus hyicus is found on the skin and does not usually cause clinical disease. The reservoir of infection for piglets is the sow’s skin and the bacterium is transmitted to the piglet following direct skin contact with her during the farrowing period. For clinical signs to develop, entry into the pig has to be gained, and this occurs through skin wounds or abrasions where the skin defence barrier is weakened. These can be caused by fighting, the environment, or even parasite damage such as that caused by Mange mites. Further spread of the bacterium between piglets occurs when they are in an environment that is warm and has high humidity. Clinical Signs After gaining entry through the skin, the bacterium infects the local area, which then becomes painful and reddened. The skin becomes thickened and oozes, progressing to a covering of greasy brown scabs that can extend over the whole body. These lesions are not itchy, but they do Picture from pictureASAS gallery leave the piglet’s skin susceptible to Greasy brown scabs commonly seen with other potential secondary infections. -
Staphylococcus Aureus and Other Staphylococci by an Endolysin A.C
Killing and lysis of Staphylococcus aureus and other staphylococci by an endolysin A.C. Fluit1, S. van Marm1, F. Eichenseher2, M.J. Loessner2, F. Pietersma3, and C.H.E. Boel1 1Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 3Micreos BV, Wageningen, The Netherlands Introduction Results Table 1. Lysis results for the tested strains after The use of endolysins for the treatment of ■ All Staphylococcus aureus strains could be lysed by the endolysin (Table 1). 30 min and 60 µg/mL endolysin. skin infections or decontamination may A concentration of 30 µg/mL was still considered to be effective (example in species remarks result circumvent antibiotic resistance. Micreos has Fig. 1). lysis (%) Staphylococcus aureus Hospital-associated MRSA 50 developed an endolysin as a potential ■ Staphylococcus pseudointermedius, and Staphylococcus hyicus also showed Community-associated antibacterial compound. Staphefekt.SA100 a good lysis, whereas lysis of Staphylococcus capitis and Staphyloccus homonis Staphylococcus aureus MRSA 60 Livestock-associated is a chimeric lysin featuring endopeptidase was less. Lysis of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus MRSA 70 and putative amidase activities. The aim of haemolyticus was hardly observed and was absent for Staphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus methicillin susceptible 50 Staphylococcus aureus methicillin susceptible 50 this study was to determine the species lugdunensis. Staphylococcus epidermidis methicillin resistant 0 Staphylococcus epidermidis methicillin susceptible 10 specificity of Staphefekt.SA100, the ■ For the other species tested lysis could not be detected (Table 1). Staphylococcus haemolyticus 10 killing efficiency and effective concentration ■ For all S. aureus isolates excellent killing (>100x) was observed within 6 h Staphylococcus hominis 20 Staphylococcus pseudointermedius 40 against several staphylococcal species. -
The Genera Staphylococcus and Macrococcus
Prokaryotes (2006) 4:5–75 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-30744-3_1 CHAPTER 1.2.1 ehT areneG succocolyhpatS dna succocorcMa The Genera Staphylococcus and Macrococcus FRIEDRICH GÖTZ, TAMMY BANNERMAN AND KARL-HEINZ SCHLEIFER Introduction zolidone (Baker, 1984). Comparative immu- nochemical studies of catalases (Schleifer, 1986), The name Staphylococcus (staphyle, bunch of DNA-DNA hybridization studies, DNA-rRNA grapes) was introduced by Ogston (1883) for the hybridization studies (Schleifer et al., 1979; Kilp- group micrococci causing inflammation and per et al., 1980), and comparative oligonucle- suppuration. He was the first to differentiate otide cataloguing of 16S rRNA (Ludwig et al., two kinds of pyogenic cocci: one arranged in 1981) clearly demonstrated the epigenetic and groups or masses was called “Staphylococcus” genetic difference of staphylococci and micro- and another arranged in chains was named cocci. Members of the genus Staphylococcus “Billroth’s Streptococcus.” A formal description form a coherent and well-defined group of of the genus Staphylococcus was provided by related species that is widely divergent from Rosenbach (1884). He divided the genus into the those of the genus Micrococcus. Until the early two species Staphylococcus aureus and S. albus. 1970s, the genus Staphylococcus consisted of Zopf (1885) placed the mass-forming staphylo- three species: the coagulase-positive species S. cocci and tetrad-forming micrococci in the genus aureus and the coagulase-negative species S. epi- Micrococcus. In 1886, the genus Staphylococcus dermidis and S. saprophyticus, but a deeper look was separated from Micrococcus by Flügge into the chemotaxonomic and genotypic proper- (1886). He differentiated the two genera mainly ties of staphylococci led to the description of on the basis of their action on gelatin and on many new staphylococcal species. -
Bacterial Flora on the Mammary Gland Skin of Sows and in Their Colostrum
Brief communication Peer reviewed Bacterial flora on the mammary gland skin of sows and in their colostrum Nicole Kemper, Prof, Dr med vet; Regine Preissler, DVM Summary Resumen - La flora bacteriana en la piel de Résumé - Flore bactérienne cutanée de la Mammary-gland skin swabs and milk la glándula mamaria de las hembras y en su glande mammaire de truies et de leur lait calostro samples were analysed bacteriologically. All Des écouvillons de la peau de la glande skin samples were positive, with 5.2 isolates Se analizaron bacteriológicamente hisopos de mammaire ainsi que des échantillons de lait on average, Staphylococcaceae being the la piel de la glándula mamaria y muestras de ont été soumis à une analyse bactériologique. dominant organisms. In 20.8% of milk leche. Todas las muestras de piel resultaron Tous les échantillons provenant de la peau samples, no bacteria were detected. Two iso- positivas, con 5.2 aislados en promedio, étaient positifs, avec en moyenne 5.2 isolats lates on average, mainly Staphylococcaceae siendo los Staphylococcaceae los organismos bactériens, les Staphylococcaceae étant de loin and Streptococcaceae, were isolated from the dominantes. En 20.8% de las muestras de les micro-organismes dominants. Aucune positive milk samples. leche, no se detectaron bacterias. De las bactérie ne fut détectée dans 20.8% des Keywords: swine, bacteria, colostrum, muestras de leche positivas, se aislaron échantillons de lait. En moyenne, on trouvait mammary gland, skin dos aislados en promedio, principalmente deux isolats bactériens par échantillon de lait Staphylococcaceae y los Streptococcaceae. positif, et ceux-ci étaient principalement des Received: April 7, 2010 Staphylococcaceae et des Streptococcaceae. -
Draft Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus Agnetis 3682, the Producing
Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance 19 (2019) 50–52 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jgar Genome Note Draft genome sequence of Staphylococcus agnetis 3682, the producing strain of the broad-spectrum lantibiotic agneticin 3682 a a a Patrícia Carlin Fagundes , Márcia Silva Francisco , Ilana Nascimento Sousa Santos , a a Selda Loase Salustiano Marques-Bastos , Juliana Aparecida Souza Paz , b a, Rodolpho Mattos Albano , Maria do Carmo de Freire Bastos * a Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil b Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Objectives: Here we report the draft genome sequence of Staphylococcus agnetis 3682, a strain producing Received 15 July 2019 agneticin 3682, a broad-spectrum lantibiotic with potential medical applications. The inhibitory activity Received in revised form 15 August 2019 of S. agnetis 3682 against multidrug-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates Accepted 17 August 2019 involved in human infections was also investigated. Available online 24 August 2019 Methods: A sequencing library was constructed using a Nextera XT DNA Library Preparation Kit. An Illumina MiSeq system was used to perform whole-genome shotgun sequencing. De novo genome Keywords: assembly was performed using the A5-miseq pipeline. Staphylococcus agnetis 3628 genome annotation Staphylococcus agnetis was performed by the RAST server, and BAGEL4 and antiSMASH v.4.0 platforms were used for mining Agneticin 3682 bacteriocin gene clusters. -
Genome Analysis of Staphylococcus Agnetis, an Agent of Lameness in Broiler Chickens
RESEARCH ARTICLE Genome Analysis of Staphylococcus agnetis, an Agent of Lameness in Broiler Chickens Adnan A. K. Al-Rubaye1,2☯, M. Brian Couger3☯, Sohita Ojha1,2, Jeff F. Pummill4, Joseph A. Koon II5, Robert F. Wideman, Jr.1,6‡, Douglas D. Rhoads1,2‡* 1 Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States of America, 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States of America, 3 Department of Microbiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States of America, 4 Arkansas High Performance Computing Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States of America, 5 Department of Biology, Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, AR, United States of America, 6 Department of Poultry Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States of America ☯ These authors contributed equally to this work. ‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Al-Rubaye AAK, Couger MB, Ojha S, Pummill JF, Koon JA, II, Wideman RF, Jr., et al. Lameness in broiler chickens is a significant animal welfare and financial issue. Lameness (2015) Genome Analysis of Staphylococcus agnetis, can be enhanced by rearing young broilers on wire flooring. We have identified Staphylo- an Agent of Lameness in Broiler Chickens. PLoS coccus agnetis as significantly involved in bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis ONE 10(11): e0143336. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0143336 (BCO) in proximal tibia and femorae, leading to lameness in broiler chickens in the wire floor system. Administration of S. agnetis in water induces lameness. Previously reported in Editor: Gabriel Moreno-Hagelsieb, Wilfrid Laurier University, CANADA some cases of cattle mastitis, this is the first report of this poorly described pathogen in chickens. -
Investigation of Exudative Epidermitis and Ear Necrosis in Pigs
INVESTIGATION OF EXUDATIVE EPIDERMITIS AND EAR NECROSIS IN PIGS by Jeonghwa Park A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Sciences in Population Medicine Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Jeonghwa Park, December, 2011 ABSTRACT INVESTIGATION OF EXUDATIVE EPIDERMITIS AND EAR NECROSIS IN PIGS Jeonghwa Park Advisor: University of Guelph, 2011 Dr. R. M. Friendship This thesis is an investigation of two common skin conditions of pigs: exudative epidermitis (EE) and ear necrosis (EN). The cause of exudative epidermitis and risk factors are well understood, however the study was prompted because of reports of treatment failure. A survey of veterinary practitioners (n=15) and pork producers (n=58) was conducted to determine which treatments are commonly used. Amongst farmer respondents topical treatments were often used and in serious cases injectable penicillin G was administered. Thirty farms with a history of EE were visited and skin samples taken from affected pigs. The antimicrobial resistance pattern for isolates of Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus aureus revealed that almost all isolates were resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin. In addition, certain isolates of S. hyicus as well as S. aureus were shown to possess the mecA gene which is associated with resistance to methicillin. The presence of widespread resistance to penicillin G among staphylococci isolates suggests a reason for poor treatment response. The presence of the mecA gene in staphylococci other than S. aureus recovered from pigs has not been reported before and is of interest from a public health standpoint. A second study investigated EN. -
Advancements in the Understanding of Staphylococcal
ADVANCEMENTS IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL MASTITIS THROUGH THE USE OF MOLECULAR TOOLS __________________________________________ A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri-Columbia __________________________________________ In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________________________________ By PAMELA RAE FRY ADKINS Dr. John Middleton, Dissertation Supervisor May 2017 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled ADVANCEMENTS IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL MASTITIS THROUGH THE USE OF MOLECULAR TOOLS presented by Pamela R. F. Adkins, a candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor John R. Middleton Professor James N. Spain Professor Michael J. Calcutt Professor George C. Stewart Professor Thomas J. Reilly DEDICATION I dedicate this to my husband, Eric Adkins, and my mother, Denice Condon. I am forever grateful for their eternal love and support. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I thank John R. Middleton, committee chair, for this support and guidance. I sincerely appreciate his mentorship in the areas of research, scientific writing, and life in academia. I also thank all the other members of my committee, including Michael Calcutt, George Stewart, James Spain, and Thomas Reilly. I am grateful for their guidance and expertise, which has helped me through many aspects of this research. I thank Simon Dufour (University of Montreal), Larry Fox (Washington State University) and Suvi Taponen (University of Helsinki) for their contribution to this research. I acknowledge Julie Holle for her technical assistance, for always being willing to help, and for being so supportive. -
Redalyc.Evaluation of a Simplified Key for the Identification Of
Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences ISSN: 1679-9283 [email protected] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brasil Márcio da Costa, Geraldo; Vilela Paiva, Luciano; Hilsdorf Piccoli, Roberta; Junqueira Figueiredo, Demétrio; Pádua Pereira, Ulisses de; Silva, Nivaldo da Evaluation of a simplified key for the identification of coagulasepositive Staphylococcus isolated from bovine mastitis Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences, vol. 32, núm. 4, 2010, pp. 403-406 Universidade Estadual de Maringá .png, Brasil Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=187115378010 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i4.6276 Evaluation of a simplified key for the identification of coagulase- positive Staphylococcus isolated from bovine mastitis Geraldo Márcio da Costa1*, Luciano Vilela Paiva2, Roberta Hilsdorf Piccoli3, Demétrio Junqueira Figueiredo1, Ulisses de Pádua Pereira1 and Nivaldo da Silva4 1Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200-000, Centro, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 2Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 3Departamento de Ciências dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 4Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, -
Differentiation and Distribution of Three Types of Exfoliative Toxin Produced
FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology 20 (1998) 301^310 Di¡erentiation and distribution of three types of exfoliative toxin produced by Staphylococcus hyicus from pigs with exudative epidermitis Lars Ole Andresen * Department of Microbiology, Danish Veterinary Laboratory, Buëlowsvej 27, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark Received 20 December 1997; revised 19 February 1998; accepted 20 February 1998 Abstract Exfoliative toxins of approximately 30 kDa produced by Staphylococcus hyicus strains NCTC 10350, 1289D-88 and 842A-88 were purified and specific polyclonal antisera were raised against each of the toxins. It was shown by immunoblot analysis and ELISA that three exfoliative toxins from S. hyicus were antigenically distinct. The three toxins were designated ExhA, ExhB and ExhC. From 60 diseased pigs, each representing an outbreak of exudative epidermitis, a total of 584 isolates of S. hyicus were phage typed and tested for production of exfoliative toxin. ExhA-, ExhB- and ExhC-producing S. hyicus isolates were found in 12 (20%), 20 (33%) and 11 (18%), respectively, of the 60 pig herds investigated. Production of the different types of exfoliative toxin was predominantly associated with certain phage groups. However, toxin production was found in all of the six phage groups defined by the phage typing system. Some changes in the distribution of isolates between phage groups were observed when the results of this study were compared to previous investigations. In this study two new antigenically distinct exfoliative toxins were isolated and tools for in vitro detection of toxin producing S. hyicus isolates and for further studies on the exfoliative toxins from S. hyicus have been provided. -
Whole Genome Comparisons of Staphylococcus Agnetis Isolates from Cattle and Chickens
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.06.896779; this version posted February 27, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Whole genome comparisons of Staphylococcus agnetis isolates from cattle and chickens. 2 3 Abdulkarim Shwani,a Pamela R. F. Adkins,b Nnamdi S. Ekesi,a Adnan Alrubaye,a Michael J. 4 Calcutt,c John R. Middleton,b Douglas D. Rhoadsa,# 5 aCell and Molecular Biology program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA 6 bDept. of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA 7 cDept. of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA 8 9 Running Head: S. agnetis phylogenomics 10 11 #Address correspondence to Douglas Rhoads, [email protected] 12 Keywords: Staphlococcus, Broiler, Mastitis, Lameness, Phylogeny 13 14 Abstract 15 S. agnetis has been previously associated with subclinical or clinically mild cases of mastitis in 16 dairy cattle and is one of several Staphylococcal species that have been isolated from the bone 17 and blood of lame broilers. We were the first to report that S. agnetis could be obtained 18 frequently from bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) lesions of lame broilers. 19 Further, we showed that a particular isolate of S. agnetis, chicken isolate 908, can induce 20 lameness in over 50% of exposed chickens, far exceeding normal BCO incidences in broiler 21 operations. We have previously reported the assembly and annotation of the genome of isolate 22 908. To better understand the relationship between dairy cattle and broiler isolates, we 23 assembled 11 additional genomes for S.