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Airbase 5386... [4413Kb] 1[>3!6 THE POLY AIR DAM IMPROVED PERFORMANCE AND COST EFFECTIVENESS March 1991 Prepared by: William L. Powis The views and conclusions expressed and the recommendations made in this report are entirely those of the authors and should not be construed as expressing the opinions of Alberta Municipal Affairs. With funding provided by Alberta Municipal Affairs ISBN: 0-88654-331-2 0 FOREWORD The project documented in this report received funding under the Innovative Housing Grants Program of Alberta Municipal Affairs. The Innovative Housing Grants Program is intended to encourage and assist housing research and development which will reduce housing costs, improve the quality and performance of dwelling units and subdivisions, or increase the long term viability and competitiveness of Alberta's housing industry. The Program offers assistance to builders, developers, consulting firms, professionals, industry groups, building products manufacturers, municipal governments, educational institutions, non-profit groups and individuals. At this time, priority areas for investigation include building design, construction technology, energy conservation, site and subdivision design, site servicing technology, residential building product development or improvement and information technology. As the type of project and level of resources vary from applicant to applicant, the resulting documents are also varied. Comments and suggestions on this report are welcome. Please send comments or requests for further information to: Innovative Housing Grants Program Alberta Municipal Affairs Housing Division Research and Technical Support 16th Floor, CityCentre 10155 - 102 Street Edmonton, Alberta T5J 4L4 · Telephone: (403) 427-8150 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author would like to thank Alberta Municipal ·Affairs for supporting this work, especially Ian Bazley of the Innovative Housing Grants Program for his encouragement and patience. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. LIST OF FIGURES I •••• I •••••••• I • I ••• I •••• I • I • I • I •• I I • I ••• ii LI ST OF TABLES I I •••••••• I I I •• I •• I • I •• I I I • I •••• I •••• I • I •• ii EXECUT I UE SUMMARY ...................................... iii 1 . 0 INTRODUCTION I I ••••• I I I I •••• I • I I I I I ••• I I ••••• I I I I I • I •• 1 2.0 REVIEW AIR SEALING TECHNIQUES AND TESTING DETAILS .... ~ 2.1 PRODUCTION OF CO-EXTRUDED POLY AIR DAM PROFILE .. 5 3.0 BASIC APPROACH TO LABORATORY TESTING ................. 7 3.1 LABORATORY TESTING OF AIR SEALING TECHNIQUES AND MATERIALS. I I I ••• I ••••• I ••• I I I ••••••• I ••• I • • 10 3 .2 TEST RESULTS ....... I I ••• I •••••••••••••• I •• I I I I .11 'i I 0 CONCLUSIONS I ' •••••••• I • I •• I • I • I I • I ••••• I •• I I I I I I • I • I 1 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY I •• I. I •• I •••• I ••••••• I ••••••••• I. I ••• I I •••• • 18 APPENDIX A: POLY AIR DAM Installation Procedures: Window/Door Jamb ......................... 19-25 APPENDIX 8: POLY AIR DAM Installation Procedures: Rim Joist . ............................... 26-30 APPENDIX C: Excerpts from "The POLY AIR DAM: A New Plastic Gasket to Improve Airtightness" ............................ 31-3~ APPENDIX D: Hardy BBT Limited Letter or January 31, 1991 RE: Test Results ......................... 35-39 ii LIST OF FIGURES Page No. FIGURE 1: CLoss section of POLY AIR DAM compaLing Ca) the neopLene gasket veLsion and Cb) the co-extLuded veLsion which utilizes a flexible PUC bulb to replace the gasket . .......................... 3 FIGURE 2: POLY AIR DAM stapled thLough gasket to test chambeL. Thi~ is analogous to stapling the PAD to the window jamb or subflooL. CNOTE: This is similar to Test Section 1118 in the original study C3) and acts as a baseline for comparison between the two works.J ............. 7 FIGURE 3: POLY AIR DAM stapled through the long leg to the test chamber. This is analogous to stapling the PAD to the fr-ami ng membec-s. I •••• I ••••••• I • I I ••••• I • I • I • I •• 7 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: POLY AIR DAM test ~esults using different gaskets and attachment techniques .............. 12 TABLE 2: Comparison of the effectiveness of the POLY AIR DAM using the Neoprene gasket from the original study and the 1/8 inch PUC gasket ............................ 1~ iii EXECUTIUE SUMMARY / In 1987, a report titled "The POLY AIR DAM: A New Plastic Gasket to Improve Airtightness" was published by Alberta Municipal Affairs. It documented the development of ~ product which improved ~he air seal at: 1) the window/door jamb to building frame junction and, 2) the exterior wall/subfloor junction. This report describes a continuation of that earlier work. The objectives of this project were to improve the cost effectiveness of the POLY AIR DAM and augment its ability to produce an air s~ To lower costs, alternate gaskets and a co-extrusion were studied. It was subsequently determined that an alternate gasket material was the best approach as the co-extrusion suffered from severe production problems. Hardy BBT Limited, an engineering firm in Calgary, performed air seal tests utilizing a specially constructed chamber, an electric blower for pressurization, and Dwyer Air Flow Meter and Incline Manometer to monitor the tests. Test pressures up to 250 Pa were used. One of the alternate gaskets was found to have superior performance to 250 Pa and did so at a lower cost for materials and installation. It had the additional benefit of being usable where the POLY AIR DAM h~d to be stapled to the framing Csuch as the case of a concrete floor) and still be very effective. Installation procedure iv changes are discusseded and include a simplified corner detail for window and door jambs and 2~ inch on centre gyproc screw placement to reduce air leakage at the bottom plate of the exterior wall. This report is divided into four sections which deal with an introduction, , review of air sealing techniques and testing details, basic approach to laboratory testin and results and conclusions respectively. Installation procedures are covered in the appendices. It was concluded that the performance of the POLY AIR DAM was enhanced by the use of a 6 lb. density PUC gasket in place of the neoprene gasket which had been the focus of the earlier study. Further, a combination of material costs and manufacturing techniques has permitted a nearly ~5% reduction in product cost. Page 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION A very important factor in national energy consumption is residential housing Cl). Over the past ten years, new construction has became mare energy efficient, in part because cf mare airtight buildings C2). The POLY AIR DAM CFigure lCa), Page 3) was developed ta simplify the creation Qf an airtight, economical joint, between the air/vapour barrier and penetrations at; a) the window and dear jambs and, b) the wall plate/subflaar junction. This is discussed in depth in "The POLY AIR DAM: A New Plastic Gasket ta Improve Airtightness" C3). The purpose cf this study is ta reduce the cast cf production cf the POLY AIR DAM CPAD) while maintaining er even improving it's effectiveness. Such changes would make it a mare marketable product. A ca-extruded flexible PVC bulb CFigure lCb), Page 3) and four different gaskets . were studied. The alternate gaskets were adhered to the extrusion in the same manner as the original neoprene gasket. All the PAD configurations tested were incorporated in a construction assembly that mirrored the Airtight Drywall Approach and tested in a laboratory pressure chamber. Each configuration was stapled ta the test chamber using two methods Cone of which duplicates attachment of the PAD ta framing members on a I concrete floor). The results are presented in tabular form and discussed in relationship to the results observed in the original study. Further, the findings were related to field construction practice. Production problems and Page 2 subsequent deletion of the cc-ext~u&icn a~e discussed. Detailed and c-evised installation instc-uctions ac-e pc-esented in Appendices A and B, excerpts from the original c-epoc-t (3) in Appendix C, and a copy of the engineers' report of the current laboc-atoc-y testing in Appendix D. In Januac-y of 1991 the Canadian Patent Office approved the issuance of a patent foe- the POLY AIR DAM Cthough not under that name). This is the last step before a patent serial number- is issued. The United States government issued patent number ~.995,207 to the POLY AIR DAM in March of 1991. These patents are for the generic concept on a profile extruded plastic (polymeric) moulding which cc-eates air--vapour­ bar-r-ier- continuity and is sealingly attached to the framing member-s. This means that installing the PAD incor-por-ating gaskets, caulk, or- adhesive is covered by the patent. P~ge 3 Rigid PUC Extrusion Rigid PUC Extrusion : "N ~ ..., ;x - ~ ~ wl/ 32. II 15 /32! 112" Ca) Closed Cell Neoprene Gasket Cb) Flexible PUC Extrusion FIGURE 1: Cross section of the POLY AIR DAM comparing Ca) the neoprene gasket version and Cb) the co-extruded version which utilizes a flexible PUC bulb ta replace the gasket. Page 'i: 2 .0 REVIEW OF AIR SEALING TECHNIQUES ANO TESTING DETAILS In conventional construction, the cavity between the rough opening and the window or door jamb is filled with insulation, and a poly air/vapour barrier is installed, with little, if any, effort being made to seal it to the jamb. Techniques · such as urethane foam spray, caulk, foam gaskets, and the polyethylene collar exist to correct this problem, but they have achieved limited acceptance or success and then often only at considerable cost. The same types of materials and techniques are used to seal the gaps which exist at the subfloor/exteriar wall junction. Only the polyethylene collar and the poly or Tyvek wrapped rim joist make an attempt to connect the sealing method to the air/vapour barrier, and while these latter two are the most effective systems, they are also the most expensive.
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