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Urban Trans Formation URBAN TRANS FORMATION Editors: Ilka & Andreas Ruby Editorial Coordination: Elena Schütz Graphic Design: Leonard Streich Text Editor: April Elizabeth Lamm Proof Reader: Uta Hoffmann Transcripts: Anna Mauch, Julian Schubert A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress, Washington D.C., USA. Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek. Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http: //dnb.ddb.de This work is subject to copyright. All right are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use, permission of the copyright holder must be obtained. © 2008 Ruby Press, Berlin © 2008 Holcim Foundation for Sustainable Construction, Zürich © The contributors for their texts and images http: //www.ruby-press.com http: //www.holcimfoundation.org Printed in Germany Distributed by Idea Books, Amsterdam ISBN 978-3-00-024878-8 CONTENT BETWEEN GLOBAL AND LOCAL Introduction: 88 The Global-Local Nexus and the New Urban Order Amer Moustafa Re: Doing Dubai 90 Wes Jones Sustainable Difference 110 Simon Hubacher Caribbean Strips: Tourism in the Caribbean 116 Juan Alfonso Zapata and Supersudaca Permanent Visitors 124 Foreword 10 Donald L. Bates Ilka & Andreas Ruby Mallorca: Island in Progress 128 14 City of “and…and…and...” Marc Räder Marc Angélil and Cary Siress [Restricted Access] or The Open City? 138 Kees Christiaanse BETWEEN ECOLOGY AND ECONOMY BETWEEN PUBLIC Introduction: 20 AND PRIVATE Beyond Programmed Obsolescence Fernando Diez Introduction: 146 Citizen or Shareholder? 22 A Green Masterplan Is Still a Masterplan Kaarin Taipale Mark Jarzombek Two Houses in Seoul 148 Zone 30 Minsuk Cho Keller Easterling Aguada Flood-Park: 46 Re-Searching (for) the Public: Other Means of Design 156 Recovering a Post-Industrial Urban Stream in Santiago de Chile In Former East German Cities Pablo Allard and José Rosas Ines Weizman The Good, the Bad, and the Utilitarian: 52 Empty Lots: Collective Action of Experimental Urban Occupation 164 Singapore’s Schizophrenic Urbanism Louise Marie Cardoso Ganz Ting-Ting Zhang and William Tan Ciclopaseo in Quito: Cycling Citizenship in the City 170 Running the Numbers 68 Ximena Ganchala Chris Jordan The City of Production: 176 Cityness 84 A Fantastic Opportunity to Experiment with Positive Capitalism Saskia Sassen Laurent Gutierrez and Valerie Portefaix 4 5 Going Public 190 International Aid Cities: A By-Product of Reconstruction in Postwar Cities 300 Sarah Whiting Pushkaraj Karakat and Snehal Hannurkar A More Socially and Environmentally Sustainable City 194 Strategies for the Reuse of Temporary Housing 308 Enrique Peñalosa Cassidy Johnson Whatever Happened to Nomadism? 312 BETWEEN SANCTIONED Florian Lippe AND SHADOW ORDER Indifferent Urbanism or Modernism Was Almost Alright 326 Robert Somol Introduction: 202 Learning from the Kinetic City Rahul Mehrotra BETWEEN STANDARD In-Between Legal and Illegal 204 AND APPROPRIATION Philippe Cabane Introduction: 332 Evasion of Temporality 208 Urban Ninjas and Pirate Planners Srdjan Jovanovic´ Weiss Mark Lee Don’t Underestimate the Rice Fields 218 Subversive Standards or United Bottle: A Product Designed for Misuse 334 Juan Du Dirk Hebel and Jörg Stollmann Trans-Border Flows: An Urbanism Beyond the Property Line 226 Elemental: Housing As an Investment not a Social Expense 344 Teddy Cruz Andrés Iacobelli and Alejandro Aravena Urban Flux 240 Caracas MetroCable: Bridging the Formal/Informal City 358 Hiromi Hosoya and Markus Schaefer Alfredo Brillembourg and Hubert Klumpner, Urban-Think Tank 252 Tabula Non Rasa. Toward a Performative Contextualism Underneath the Highway 368 Ilka & Andreas Ruby in Conversation with Jean-Philippe Vassal Laurent Gutierrez and Valerie Portefaix BETWEEN PERMANENT APPENDIX AND TRANSITORY Authors 390 Introduction: 266 Image Credits 398 The Endless Present Holcim Foundation 399 Eyal Weizman Author Index 400 Leisure Nomads of the New Third Age: 268 Nomadic Network Urbanism of the Senior RV Community in the US Deane Simpson Refugee Camps or Ideal Cities in Dust and Dirt 276 Manuel Herz Model Houses and Show Flats or How to Buy an Apartment in Korea 290 Haewon Shin 6 7 GEOGRAPHICAL INDEX Hamburg Jarzombek p. 23 Amsterdam p. 145 p. 141 Christiaanse Christiaanse p. 31 p. 110 Easterling Hubacher Berlin London Christiaanse p. 141 Sassen p. 85 Leipzig p. 199 Weizman p. 156 Karakorum Peñalosa Linz p. 314 p. 27 Lippe Ulaanbaatar Bordeaux Paris Jarzombek p. 318 Chicago Vassal p. 253 p. 205 Lippe p. 86 Cabane Sassen Istanbul Astana Tsetserleg Beijing USA Portugal/Spain Majorca Belgrad p. 144 p. 34 p. 143 Jordan p. 68 p. 105 Räder p.128 p. 208 Christiaanse Easterling Lippe p. 315 Christiaanse Bates Rome Weiss Kaesong Cheju Los Angeles Madrid Peñalosa p. 199 p. 35 Easterling p. 35 p. 138 Tichuana New York p. 199 Turkey Easterling Seoul Christiaanse p.226 Fort Worth Peñalosa Tokyo Cruz p. 85 General Bates p. 125 p. 290 p. 200 p. 36 p. 36 Sassen Shin Peñalosa Easterling Easterling Peñalosa p. 199 Hebel/Stollmann p. 334 Tunisia Johnson p. 309 Cho p. 148 p. 140 p. 125 China Christiaanse Glendale New Orleans Christiaanse p. 138 Bates p. 205 Shanghai p. 24 p. 23 Quartzsite p. 274 Canary Islands Marocco Kish Kabul Cabane p. 84 Jarzombek Jarzombek Simpson p. 190 p. 125 Jerusalem p. 38 Sassen Simpson p. 271 Whiting Bates Bates p. 124 Christiaanse p. 143 Easterling Hannurkar/Karakat p. 300 Peñalosa p. 198 Houston Sea Side Guangming p. 143 p. 143 p.24 Christiaanse Christiaanse p. 138 Christiaanse Jarzombek Cuba Qatar Easterling p. 35 p. 118 p. 45 Riviera Maya Zapata Puerto Plata Easterling Dubai Islamabad Chandigarh Guangzhou p. 121 p. 121 Bates p. 125 p. 23 p. 23 Shenzen p. 240 Zapata Zapata Cap Verde p. 33 Jarzombek Jarzombek Hosoya Schaefer Punta Cana Chad Easterling Du p. 218 Mexico City Bates p. 124 Herz p. 281 Khartoum Christiaanse p. 140 Hyderabad p. 33 p. 201 Zapata p. 121 p. 42 Easterling Peñalosa Jamaica Easterling Jones p. 90 Bombay Easterling p. 32 Gutierrez/Portefaix p. 368 Sassen p. 84 Zapata p. 118 Bridgetown Easterling p. 33 p. 118 Saipan Zapata India Thailand Subic Bay p. 42 p. 205 p. 205 p. 23 Easterling Caracas Cabane Cabane Jarzombek Klumpner/Brillembourg p. 385 Lagos Sassen p. 86 Bogota p. 41 Bangui p. 86 Easterling p. 293 Sassen p. 138 Herz Singapore Peñalosa p. 199 Christiaanse Tan/Zhang p. 52 p. 33 Quito Easterling Ganchala p. 170 Brasilia p. 23 Jarzombek Zimbabwe Cabane p. 205 Belo Horizonte Iquique p. 164 Halifax Iacobelli/Aravena p. 352 Ganz Mauritius Jarzombek p. 23 Easterling p. 32 Sao Paolo Peñalosa p. 201 Christiaanse p. 138 Johannesburg Christiaanse p. 138 Santiago de Chile South Africa p. 46 p. 125 Allard/Rosas Buenos Aires Bates Canberra Jarzombek p. 23 Angelil/Siress p. 14 Melbourne Peñalosa p. 197 8 9 temporary, normative. Finally, we added a sixth chapter dedicated to FOREWORD the topic of public and private, as it turned out to be one of the most pertinent themes of many contributions. Indeed, if there was a recurrent theme running through it all, then it was the collective awareness of the need to elevate the discourse How to explain the paradox that urbanism, as a profession, has disap- of urbanism to match and catch the myriad of expressions material- peared at the moment when urbanization everywhere – after decades of ized in the city today. After the failure of the big urban narrative of constant acceleration – is on its way to establishing a definitive, global Modernism – which had attempted to subject urban realities world- 1 Rem Koolhaas, “Whatever “triumph” of the urban scale? 1 wide to the reductive model of the contemporary city in the wake of happened to urbanism?,” in CIAM – and, likewise, after the failure of Postmodernism to retrodate Rem Koolhaas und Bruce Mau, the present city to a past that never existed by reverting to past SMLXL, (Monacelli Press 1995), p. 961. The book you hold in your hands evolved from a debate-platform, the urban typologies, we have finally come to understand that any urban Holcim Forum for Sustainable Construction on Urban Transformation, discourse has to first and foremost embrace the city as a multitude which took place in 2007 at Tongji University in Shanghai, China. For of conditions that do not (and don’t have to) conform to one universal three days more than 250 professionals from over 40 countries – model. The end of the grand narrative has enabled us to go beyond the architects, urban planners, engineers, scholars, representatives from phantom pain of the disappearance of urbanism as a profession – as business and governments – met in working groups and for panel suggested by Rem Koolhaas – and embrace the city as it is experi- sessions to discuss the challenges cities face today in respect to enced from outside the professional realm. For clearly, the very notion urban change. The Forum was the second international symposium for of urban is arguably one of the hot topics of contemporary culture; it both academics and practitioners hosted by the Swiss-based Holcim has become the synonym of cool and serves as a Zeitgeist indicator Foundation for Sustainable Construction to encourage a dialog on the of lifestyle, music, food, fashion, and design. Yet precisely what urban future of the built environment. The first Forum addressing the issue means in regard to urbanism and the city has become increasingly of Basic Needs took place at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology blurred. Depending on specific geographic, climatic, economic, and (ETH Zurich), Switzerland, in 2004. Continuing the three-year cycle, the cultural conditions, there are many, and often radically conflicting next Forum will be held in 2010.
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