A.M. (Anno Mundi “Year of the World”) Genesis 5, 11:10

A.M. 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

Adam 130 AM 930 AM dies 235 AM 105 yrs + 807 yrs after Enosh’s birth 1042 AM dies Seth @ 912 yrs old 325 AM Enosh 90 yrs + 815 yrs after Cainan’s birth 1130 AM Enosh dies @ 905 yrs old 395 AM Cainan 70yrs + 840 yrs after Mahahalel’s birth 1235 AM Cainan dies @ 910 yrs old 460 AM Mahahalel 65yrs + 830 yrs after Jared’s birth 1290 AM Mahahalel dies @ 895 yrs old 622 AM Jared 162 yrs + 800 yrs after Enoch’s birth 1422 AM Jared dies @ 962 yrs old 687 AM Enoch 65yrs + 300 yrs 987 AM Enoch “taken” @ 365 yrs old 874 AM

Methuselah 187 yrs + 782 yrs after Lamech’s birth 1656 AM Methusaleh dies @ 969 yrs old 1056 AM Lamech 182 yrs + 595 yrs after Noah’s birth 1651 AM Lamech dies (Adam died when Lamech was 56 yrs old) @ 777 yrs old 1556 AM 1558 AM 2006 AM Observations : 1656 AM Noah dies 1. Cain may have killed Abel when he was about 128 years old Noah FLOOD @ 950 because Seth was born soon after the murder, when Adam was 130. When Noah was 500 yrs old 2. Methuselah died right before the flood that year. Since this is the line of the covenant Japheth was born first leading up to Noah we know this is a list of godly people. Thus he died before the (Gn.5:32;10:21) 1658 AM destructive flood upon the ungodly, not in it. 100 yrs. (Gn.11:10) + 500 yrs. Shem

Arphaxad

Genesis 11:10 – 12 Genealogy 1558 AM 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200

2006 AM Noah dies @ 950 years old

1658 AM Shem 100yrs +500 after Arphaxad’s birth 2158 AM Shem dies @ 600 years old 1656 Flood 1693 AM Arphaxad 35yrs + 400 yrs. after Salah’ s birth 2093 AM Arphaxad dies @ 435 yrs old 1723 AM Salah 30yrs + 403 yrs. after Eber’s birth 2126 AM Salah dies @ 433 years old 1757 AM Eber 34yrs + 430 yrs. after Peleg’s birth 2187 AM Eber dies @ 464 years old 1787 AM

Peleg 30yrs + 209 yrs. after Reu’s birth 1996 AM Peleg dies@ 239 years old

Tower of Babel 1819 AM 1780 AM ? Reu 32yrs +207 yrs. after Serug’s birth 2026 AM Reu dies@ 239 years old

1849 AM

Serug 30yrs + 200 yrs after Nahor’s birth 2049 AM Serug dies @ 230 years old

1878 AM + 119 yrs after Nahor 29yrs ’s birth 1997 AM Nahor dies @ 148 years old

2008 AM 130 yrs Terah 2083 AM Terah dies @ 205 years old Terah was 70 at Haran’s birth Observations: (Gen.11:26) 1. Eber outlived Abram by 4 years. 2183 AM 2. The Tower of Babel occurred sometime in Peleg’s life. Abram dies @ 175 years old I’m guessing it was before he had Reu, because of Gen.10:25. born Abram was 75 yrs old when (Gen.25:7) 3. Abram was born 2 years after Noah died. Abram’s father could have known Noah. he left Haran, upon Terah’s death. 4. The covenant line after the flood comes to pass much more rapidly in the next generation. (Gen.12:4, Acts7:4)

Genesis 12 – 25 Chronology of Abraham’s Life (A.M., Anno Mundi; Year of the World) Abram sacrificed 3 Arphaxad, Abe’s 6 th GGF Salah, Abe’s 5 th GGF dies Shem, Abe’s 7 th GGF dies Eber, Abe’s th animals. (Gen.15) dies in 2093 AM at 435 yrs. in 2126 AM at 433 yrs. in 2158 AM at 600 yrs. 4 GGF dies Showing he was Abraham marries Keturah in 2187 AM estranged from the 2148 AM some after ’s death. at 464 yrs. land for 3 years. Isaac marries Rebekah (25:20) Has 6 children: Zimran,

2086 AM at 40 years old Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, Shuah. (25:1 -6) 10 years from Abram’s 2145 AM 2168 AM entry into Canaan, he Sarah dies, 127 yrs. Jacob & Esau born. Ishmael dies at conceives Ishmael with 100 yrs old Abraham; (23:1) Abe, 137 yrs. Isaac was 60. (25:26) 137 yrs. (25:17) Hagar. (16:3) Isaac is born. (21:5) see 17:17 Abraham: 160 yrs. 2231 AM 2093 AM Sarah, 90 yrs old 2108 AM 1927 B.C. 2083 AM 2103 2113 AM 2123 2143 2163 2183 AM

Abram, 75 yrs old, 2107 AM Abraham, about 139 yrs., Abraham dies enters the land of at 175 yrs old. 99 yrs old Abram, sends servant to find Isaac’s Canaan; when his 13 yrs old Ishmael wife (ch.24) c. 2147 AM (Gen.25:7) father Terah died at is circumcised/ 205 yrs old. (Gen.17, Rom.4:19) (Gen.12:4, Acts7:4) Jacob enter Goshen Egypt at 130 yrs old Age and Year of Deaths: in 2298 AM (47:9,28) 2094 AM Abraham - 175 yrs. old, 2183 AM, Gn.25:7 86 yrs old Abram Isaac - 180 yrs. old, 2288 AM, Gn.35:28 when Hagar bore Jacob - 147 yrs. old, 2315 AM, Gn.47:28 Ishmael. - 110 yrs. old, 2369 AM, Gn.50:22 – protected Israelites in Goshen for 71 yrs. (Gen.16:16) Moses - 120 yrs. old, 2553 AM, Dt.34:7 – born 64 yrs after Joseph died, b/c 80 at Ex. Joshua - 110 yrs. old, 2584 / 2585 AM, Josh.14:7-10; Jud.2:8, if about Caleb’s age 30 years 400 years 1497 B.C. Exodus Event 430 years of the sojourn in Egypt 400 yrs of afflicting the seed of Abraham occurred in 2513 AM , begins here, when Abram moved to began in 2113 AM, when Isaac was weaned 430 yrs. after Abram Canaan region. (Ex.12:40,41; at 5 years old, because his Egyptian half- entered Canaan; which Gal.3:17) Abram and Isaac journeyed brother, Ishmael , began to persecute him. was Egyptian territory. in Beersheba/Philistia, not Canaan. (Gen.15:13, Gal.4:29, Acts 7:6) (21:34,22:19,26:33,28:10) It was Gn. 15:13 “your descendents will be strangers in a land that is not theirs, and will serve them” – 430 yr. sojourn, Ex.12:40 territory of Philistines. (Gen 10:13 – “and they will afflict them four hundred years.” – 400 yr. affliction beginning with Ishamael Mizraim is Egypt, father of “but in the fourth generation they shall return here” – 4 th from Jacob who went to Goshen in Egypt. Philistines) Jacob ended up in They lived in Goshen Egypt 215 years. (2298 – 2513 A.M.) Goshen Egypt. Ex. 6:14-20 – 4 Generations to Moses: Jacob, , Kohath, Amram – who married his aunt – fathered Moses & Aaron. Num.26:57-59

Chronological Observations: Abraham’s 5 th , 6 th , and 7 th great-grandfathers died during his lifetime. His 4 th great-grandfather died four years later.

Outline by James Jordan: A. Birth of Abraham B. Marriage to Sarah and call of Abraham (age ?) C. Sojourn in Haran; God appears and tells him to leave (Gen. 12) D. Entrance of Abraham into land (age 75) E. Attack of Pharaoh on Sarah (Gen. 12) (age 76-77?) F. Abraham re-enters land (Gen. 13) (age 77?) G. War of the Kings; Lot rescued (Gen. 14) (age 78?) H. God appears to Abraham (Gen. 15) (age 78?) I. Birth of Abraham’s son Ishmael (age 86) H’. God appears to Abraham (Gen. 17) (age 99) G’. Destruction of Sodom; Lot rescued (Gen. 18) (age 99) F’. Abraham leaves land (Gen. 20) (age 99) E’. Attack of Abimelech on Sarah (Gen. 20) (age 99) D’. Birth of Sarah’s son Isaac (age 100) C’. Sojourn in Philistine territory; God appears, tells him to leave, return to land, offer Isaac (Gen. 22) B’. Death of Sarah and removal of Abraham’s call (age 137) A’. Death of Abraham (age 175)

Chronology From Abraham’s Death to Joseph’s Death (AM – Year of the World) 2303 AM 2187 AM 2298 AM Famine ends Eber, Abraham’s 4 th 2245 AM Jacob enters great-grandfather dies at Jacob, 77 yrs old , meets 2288 AM Goshen 2315 AM Rachel. This is 37 yrs. Isaac dies at 180 464 yrs. old. (Gen.11:17) Egypt at 130 Jacob dies at 147 after Esau married pagans. yrs. old (35:28) 2265 AM yrs old yrs old (47:28) Jacob, 97 yrs. old , leaves (47:9,28) 2231 AM Laban (30:25). Wrestles Ishmael dies at with God & meets Esau. 2183 AM 137 yrs. (25:17) 7 yrs. 7yrs. 6yrs.

Abraham dies at 175 yrs old. Joseph is born Joseph dies at 110 (50:22)

(Gen.25:7) 2259 AM 2369 AM Jacob marries Leah after Joseph, 17 yrs. old, sold working 7 years, and marries into slavery. (37:2) Esau 40 yrs. old when nd he married pagan Rachel a week later, and works 2276 AM Jacob moves when famine is in 2 another 7 years. Leah starts wives. (26:34) Joseph, 30 yrs. old, stands year. (45:6) Joseph is 39 yrs. old having children, but Rachel doesn’t have Joseph till the end before Pharaoh (41:46) 2208 AM of the 7 years. (29:25-30) after “2 full years”. (41:1)

2252 AM 2289 AM Jacob was 77 years old when he met Rachel. After Jacob worked the 7 years he owed for Rachel, God rewarded him with Joseph. Jacob was 97 years old when he wrestled with God an d saw Esau (32-33). Esau had at least 3 wives at the time, and 400 men with him. (26:24;28:9;33) Esau began marrying pagan women 37 years before Jac ob met Rachel. Joseph cared for his family 71 years in Goshen Egypt.

Themes of Three and Thirds in Genesis : 3rd day of creation; first time God said the earth was good. (1:12) 3 days journey was put between Jacob and Laban (30:36) rd 3 falls of mankind: Adam, Cain, & sons of Seth/God (ch.3,4,6) 3 day Laban was told that Jacob left (31:22) 3 centuries after Enoch begot Methuselah, God took Enoch (5:22) 3 divisions of Jacob’s people before he met Esau (32:19) 3 decks on Noah’s ark (6:16) 3 days represented by 3 branches in chief butler’s dream (40:9-13) 3 sons of Noah, produce 70 nations (ch.10) 3 days represented by 3 baskets in chief baker’s dream (40:16-23) 3 year-old animals Abram sacrificed (15:9) 3rd decade of life Joseph stands b/f Pharaoh (41:46) 3 men (angels) told Abraham he would have a son (18:2) 3 days Joseph put his brothers in prison (42:17) rd rd 3 day, attempted sacrifice of Isaac (22:4) 3 day Joseph spoke to them (42:18) 3 months later, Judah was told that Tamar had a child (28:24) 33 sons and daughters born to Jacob (46:15) 3 flocks of sheep lying by the well of Rachel (29:2) 3rd blessing Jacob gives is upon Judah; ’ lineage (49:8-12) 3rd generation after Ephraim; Joseph saw (50:23)

Year of the World: From Joseph’s death to the Judges 2400 AM 2600 AM

( 6 years includes 2554 AM ) 2514 AM 40 years 2554 2559 AM In the 2nd year after event, War of Conquest lasted 6 years and the land was spies were sent to the Promised most likely divided within that year. Caleb is 85 Land.(Num.10:11-12; 13:17-20) Caleb yrs. old. This is 45 years after 2514 AM , when was 40 years old. (Josh.14:6-7) he spied out the land. (Josh. 14:10)

2433 AM 2560 AM Moses is born 1st Jubilee Year , b/c land is possessed. This year began, and is included in, the 2369 AM count for Sabbath Year cycles. Thus, the st Joseph died at 1 Sabbath Year occurred in 2566 AM . 110 yrs. old EXODUS

2584 AM Moses 80 yrs.old. (Ex. 7:7) Joshua dies, if same age as Caleb , at 110 yrs. old 430 years since Abram Egyptian oppression began the “sojourn of the Mar. – Apr. 2554 A.M. was the “1 st children of ” in Gen. th begins month, 10 day” when Joshua 12. (Ex.12:40-41) crossed the Jordan River (Josh. 2513 AM 4:19). Caleb was 79 yrs. old when he crossed Jordan. Observations:

64 years after Joseph’s death Moses was born. 2554 AM 430 year sojourn began when Abram entered Canaan. (Gen.12) ( Green for 1 year after the exodus, “in the 2 nd year”, the spies acted cowardly. 2620 AM 2628 AM Judges) st 1st Jubilee Year (Lev.25:1-7) occurred in 2560 AM, which was also the first 8 year oppression of 1 Judge : Othniel rises year of the first cycle of Sabbath Years. It was the initial Year of Jubilee; for Cushan begins. up, gives peace for 40 everyone went to their possession (Lev. 25:8-12). The Jubilee Years (50 th ) (Jud.3:8) years. (Jud.3:11) following should be counted as the 1st year of each new Sabbath Year cycle, just as the 8 th day events occurred on the 1 st day of the new week. Based on this foundation the 1 st Sabbath Year occurred on 2566 AM . Therefore, 2560 AM plus 300 years of Ammon’s peace, mentioned in Jephthah’s the foundation of the Temple was laid on the 62 nd Sabbath Year: 2993 AM. message, brings us to 2860. The next year Ammon’s 18 year oppression This may help explain a reason for Daniel’s symbolic “62 weeks” leading up to began. ( Judg.10:8,11:26) Subtract the preceding years mentioned in Judges the beginning of Jesus’ ministry. The ministry and work of Christ was the which led up to the initial year of Ammon’s tyranny we fall back to 2620 foundation of God’s New Covenant Temple. for the beginning of Cushan’s oppression. (Necessary to this count, is that Another help in identifying 2620 AM for Judges 3:8, notice I Kgs. 6:1. 480 Ehud’s 80 year peace lasted beyond his death [3:30,4:1]. Jabin’s oppression years and Barak’s judgeship came during Ehud’s posthumous peace time, yet at a after the Exodus, Solomon laid the Temple’s foundation. When we calculate the different location – in the north from which the Canaanite attacks came.) data back from 2993 AM, we will come to 2620 AM. The chain-link of time holds!

Historic chronology from Exodus to Temple’s completion : 62 Sabbath Years, 2560 – 2993 7 years Total 434 years ( include 2560) 47 years ( including 2513) “62 Week” of time between Solomon’s Solomon’s End of Conquest and Beginning of Temple Temple Temple began competed

2513 A.M. 2559 2993 3000 A.M. Egyptian Conquest 2566 2573 62 nd Sabb. Exodus Complete 1st Sabb. 2nd Sabb. Year Year Year

Symbolic “70 Weeks” of Years in Daniel 9 : “70 th Week” This first “7 Week” era Symbolic “62 Week” era started with the Beginning & Completion can be seen in literal years rebuilding of Jerusalem’s walls of the New Covenant Temple: and ended with the baptism of Jesus. Apostolic foundation, Christ cornerstone 49 years Jesus’ Ministry begins/baptism 70 A.D.

538 B.C. 489 1st Yr. of Cyrus Rebuilding Jesus’ Apostolic Babylonian Finished (Neh.13) Death work Exodus 30 A.D.

Observations: Daniel’s symbolic time period of “70 weeks” appears to be based on the literal time period from the Exodus to the completion of Solomon’s Temple. After the Egyptian Exodus and Conquest, on the 62 nd Sabbath Year (62 Weeks), Solomon began to build the temple. Over the next 7 years (1 Week), Solomon finished the Temple. Likewise after the Babylonian Exodus and Rebuilding Project, Daniel says there will be a period of “62 Weeks” until the Messiah’s ministry begins. The 70 th week refers to the ministry of Jesus and work of the Apostolic Church until the destruction of Jerusalem. Just as the Old Temple took 7 years (1 Week) to build, even so Daniel most likely uses this to support his symbolism – that within the “70 th Week” the Messiah will be sacrificed, and Old Jerusalem destroyed. Clearly the New Covenant Temple was officially and visibly established when God destroyed the Old Temple by the Romans. The only difference that I can see between the historic and the symbolic is the 2 years in the first “Week”. Exodus to Conquest was 47 years; but 49 years was from Babylonian Exodus to the rebuilding of the walls. Yet this may not be a major issue considering Daniel’s “70 Weeks” is mostly symbolic. Nevertheless, the parallels are overwhelming when we compare the Exodus themes from Egypt and Babylon, the “62 Week” , and the Temple-building work: first Solomon’s and then the Apostle’s Temple with Christ being the chief cornerstone. Thus I think it is safe to say that Daniel was relying on the historic events from the Egyptian Exodus to the Temple’s completion, to base his symbolic “70 Weeks” from the Babylonian Exodus to the completion of the New Covenant Temple.

Year of the World: From the Judges to King Saul (Chronology from James Jordan ) 2600 AM 3000 AM

2686 AM 2766 AM 2nd Judge : Ehud’s peace, in Ehud’s produced the central area , 2839 AM 2891 AM th th peace that lasted ends after 80 8 Judge : 14 Judge :

for 80 yrs. (3:30) years. (10:3) Elon: 10 yrs 2726 AM 2884 AM Jair judges (12:11) 2628 AM th th 2773 AM 13 th Judge : 4 & 5 Judge: th for 22 yrs 1st Judge : Barak and Deborah 6 Judge: Izban: 7 yrs 2901 AM (12:9) th Othniel rises up, judged in the North Gideon judges for 15 Judge : 40 years (8:28) 2878 AM Abdon: gives peace for 40 yrs. (5:31) th 40 years. (3:11) 2816 AM 10 Judge : 8 yrs (12:14) 7th Judge : (10:2) Jephthah: 6 Tola judges for 23 yrs yrs (12:7)

8 year oppression of 18 year oppression 20 year oppression 7 year oppression 40 year opp. Ascension Year Cushan begins. (3:8) of Eglon (3:14) of Jabin in the of Midian (6:1) of Philistines in of King Saul in South 2620 AM 2668 AM North (4:2) the South ; birth the . Death * 60 years after the of Samson and of Judge Abdon division of land in 2706 AM 2766 AM possibly (Acts 13:21) Samuel. 2560 AM 3 yr. opp. of 2909 AM rd (13:1, see I 3 Judge: Abimelech Shamgar started to Sam.7) Death of Samson, at (9:22) 40 yrs old. And the judge in the South Battle of Mizpah . sometime after 2813 AM (16:31, I Sam.7) Ehud. (3:31) 18 yr . opp. of th Observation: 9 Judge: Ammon . “ from 2901 AM 1. Judges 13:1 tells us that the Philistine oppression lasted 40 years, and around that time Eli judges 40 yrs. that year”(10:8) th th Samson was born. Numbers 1:3 indicates he would not have judged until he was at least in the South includes this yr. 11 & 12 Judge 20 years old. The end of his 20 year judgeship, effectively ended the Philistine oppression (I Sam.4:18) in the count. Samson & Samuel in the book of Judges. Also, I Sam 7:13 explicitly says that the Battle of Mizpah ended the Philistine 2841 AM (see also 10:7) start judging. oppression. Put all this together, most likely, Samson’s sacrificial death provoked the Philistines to make one last 2861 AM Battle of Aphek , Eli assault on Israel. Then Samuel defeated them in battle, ultimately. If Samson and Samuel were not dies. (see Jud. born in the same year, they were at least contemporaries fighting the same foe. 16:31, I Sam.4,7:2) 2. Judges 11:26. The 300 years of Ammonite peace came to an end with their oppression. 2560 – 2860 are the 300 years 2881 AM of Ammonite peace mentioned in Jephthah’s letter. In 2861 AM, including that year, or “ from that year ” (10:8) they started their 18 year oppression.

The Acts 13:21 connection: “ And afterward they asked for a king, so God gave them Saul the son of Kish, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, for 40 years .”

How did Paul the Apostle know about the 40 year reign for King Saul, when it is not mentioned in the ? Well, the Old Testament math of dated events leaves a gap of 40 years for Saul’s reign.

480 years after the Exodus to building of Temple (see I Kings 6:1)

40 years of wilderness wandering 2514 – 2554 AM 7 years of conquest and division of land 2554 – 2560 AM 300 years from division of land in 2560 2560 – 2860 AM  Judges 11:26 300 years since the conquest of the banks of Arnon. 18 years of Ammonite oppression 2861 – 2878 AM 300 year period ended when Ammon first started their 18 year oppression. 6 years of Jephthah’s judgeship 2878 – 2884 AM 7 years of Ibzan’s judgeship 2884 – 2891 AM 10 years of Elon’s judgeship 2891 – 2901 AM 8 years of Abdon’s judgeship 2901 – 2909 AM  2909 would have been Saul’s ascension year. His 1 st year was 2910. 40 years remaining for Saul 2910 – 2949 AM  2949 was David’s ascension year. His 1 st year was 2950 40 years of David’s reign 2950 – 2989 AM  (I Kings 2:11) 2989 was Solomon ascension year. His 1 st was 2990. 4 years into Solomon’s kingship 2990 – 2993 AM  (I Kings 6:1) 2993 Temple building began. 3000 it was finished. he began to build the temple

Add up all these years and you get 480 – the same amount mentioned in I Kings 6:1. Seeing this gap of 40 years can easily explain how the Apostle Paul knew that King Saul reigned in Israel for 40 years.

Issues, Observations, & Applications : 1. Necessary to this chronology is Jordan’s choice for translating Acts 13:19-20. For this verse, he prefers the manuscript relied upon for the NASB translation: 19 "When He had destroyed seven nations in the land of Canaan, He distributed their land as an inheritance--all of which took about four hundred and fifty years. 20 "After these things He gave them judges until Samuel the prophet.” NASB The mention of 450 years is not the time period of the Judges, but of the approximate time (“about”) between the weaning of Isaac to the end of the conquest. It began with Isaac and ended with Joshua. (2113 AM, Isaac was weaned  2560 AM, land was distributed = 447 years; or “about 450”.)

2. I count a total of 15 different judges who served over a period of 282 years. (2628, 1 st year of Othniel – 2910, 1 st full year of King Saul)

3. Samson, Samuel, and Jephthah’s daughter were contemporaries. She was committed to perpetual virginity to serve in the tabernacle, functioning like a new Deborah seeking to raise up another generation of warrior Judges.

From Judge Eli (in the South) to the Completion of the Solomon’s Temple

David in his mid-50’s with Bathsheba 2980 AM (David 61 yrs old) 2881 AM 2901 AM Amnon’s rape (II Sam.13) 2993 AM Absalom kills Amnon Temple Samson & Samuel Samson dies. 2919 AM 2951 AM (2yrs. later) begin judging. (Jud.16:31) work began Birth of David Ishbosheth is Absalom returns Ark at Kirjath (I Kgs. 6:1) (II Sam.2:10) murdered. (II from Geshur (a/f 3 yrs) Samson & Jearim 20 yrs. Sam. 2:10) Reconciles w/ David Samuel are (I Sam. 7:2) born . (2yrs. a/f returning) 2909 AM 2949 AM 2989 AM Ascension Year Ascension Year Ascension Year 1010 BC 2841 AM of King Saul of King David of King Solomon 3000 AM

Eli starts his 2911 / 2912 AM David rules of Death of Temple Judgeship Saul’s 3 sins (ch.13-15) Judah & Israel David Completed David stays 1 yr 2956 AM 70 yrs. old & 4 months with David: 37 yrs. old Same year as Absalom’s 40 yrs of Philistine Judge Abdon conspiracy dies. Jud.12:14 Philistines oppression begins in - Events of I Sam. 28 – II Ishbosheth is I Sam 27 David sins with the the south. (Jud.13:1) Sam. 2:7 born. census (II Sam. 24) 4 30 2861 AM 2948 AM - Witch of Endor. II Sam.2:10 years later, Ezekiel - Philistines reject David (ch.4) will lay on his - David fights Amalekites side for the iniquities of Battle of Mizpah - Saul/Jonathan die. Battle of Aphek the house of Israel in Samuel’s raises his - An Amalekite is killed. Eli dies. 593 B.C. Ebenezer. Philistine - David anointed king Ark captured. David: 68 yrs. old oppression ends of Judah. Hophni & Phineas killed. David: 30 yrs old 2987 AM / 1023 BC (I Sam.7) - Mephibosheth is 5 yrs. Ichabod 2881born (IAM Sam.4) 2901 AM old. (II Sam.4:4)

(II Sam. 5:4,5) Observations: 1. Including the year of Eli’s death, it was 120 years from the capture of the Ark to the completion of the temple. (compare with Gen.6:3) 2. I Sam.13:1 literally says: “A son of one year was Saul when he became king, and two years he reigned over Israel.” Spiritually speaking his was adopted by Samuel, and his spiritual significance was destroy after 2 years of rule – during those year he committed the 3 sins in the area of worship, work, and witness (ch.13-15) 2. David was in his 50’s when he committed adultery with Bathsheba. The forty years in II Sam. 15:7 is most likely the 40 th year of David’s reign, and also Absalom’s age when he conspired against David. Assuming that Absalom conspired against David for 2 years, this means David was reconciliation with him at the age of 68. Before that reconciliation Absalom was in Jerusalem for 2 years (II Sam.14:28). The previous 3 years, Absalom was in Geshur after killing Amnon (13:38). 2 years before that, Amnon raped Tamar, provoking Absalom’s wrath, when David was 61 years old . (This assumes 2 years for Absalom conspiring.) Considering that David sinned a few years earlier with Bathsheba he would have been in his mid-50’s.

Biblical History According To A.M & B.C. Dates (Anno Mundi: A.M. “Year of the World / B.C. “Before Christ”)

Event: A.M. Date: B.C. Date: Scripture Reference: Creation 0 4010 Gen. 1

Flood 1656 2354 Gen. 7:6

Abraham enters Canaan 2083 1927 Gen. 12

Exodus 2513 1497 Ex. 12:40

Conquest complete / Land divided 2560 1450 Josh. 14 1st Jubilee Year

1st Judge (Othniel) arises 2628 1382 Jud. 3:11

Judge Abdon dies & 2909 1101 Jud. 12:14 / I Sam.8-10 King Saul’s Ascension Year

King David’s Ascension Year 2949 1061 II Sam. 2

King Solomon’s Ascension Year 2989 1021 I Kgs. 1

Solomon’s Temple Completed 3000 1010 I Kgs. 6:1,38

Assyria Conquers Israel (the north) 3288 722 II Kgs. 17

Jeremiah called as a prophet 3382 628 Jer.1:1, 25:3

Ezekiel starts lying down for 3417 593 Ezekiel 4 430 days, for 430 years of iniquity

Babylonians Destroy Temple 3424 586 II Kg. 25 ( 1 of 5 seventy-year periods ) Persian King Darius has a 187 day 3491 519 Esther 1:3-5 party

Temple Re-building Complete 3494 516 Ezra 6:15, Esth.2:12 - Esther selected for runner up to be Queen for Darius I

Alexander the Great is in the 3678 332 (187 years after middle of conquering Persia the 187 day party in Es.1)

Christ is born 4006 4 Matt. 2

Crucifixion & Saul’s conversion 4039 30 Acts 9

Paul’s 1 st trip to Jerusalem 4042 33 Gal.1:18-19/Acts 9:26-31

Paul’s 2 nd trip to Jerusalem 4053 44 Gal.2:2 / Acts 11:27-30 - 14 years after conversion - Death of James & Herod

Romans destroy Temple 4079 70 Luke 19:43-44, Rev.17:18

Today 6019 AM 2010 AD

Assumptions & Ways Of Counting

1. Some key assumptions for the AM / BC connections :

i. We know that in 593 BC Ezekiel started lying down for 430 days, bearing the sins of Israel for the past 430 years. This count assumes that the 430 years of iniquity began with David’s sin of the census. This assumes that David’s census-sin occurred in 1023 BC (430 + 593). We should assume that this was the 38 th year of his reign which was 2987 AM. 13 years later Solomon finished the temple: 1010 BC or 3000 AM

ii. This count also assumes that it was a total of 288 years from the completion of the temple (1010 BC) to the year that Israel was conquered by Assyria (722 BC). [Confirmation of this assumption will come in our later studies. This is the best assumption I can make as of February 14, 2010]

iii. The 62 weeks-era within the “70 Weeks” of Daniel 9 are not to be taken literally. Rather, they represent an era of history between Daniel and the time of Christ. It is a symbolic figure based on the literal history of the 62 Sabbath-weeks between 2560 AM and 2993 AM. The 62 nd Sabbath year was when the temple work began.

2. There is a “0” year in A.M. After that “ascension year” of creation, then the first year was complete. Example: 0 year 0 1 year 1 2 year 2 3

3. There is no “0” year in the B.C. / A.D. count. Example: 2BC year 2 1 year 1 1AD year 1 2 year 2

Example of combining an AM & BC count: 3000 AM  year 3000 3001AM  Temple built 1010 BC  year 1010 1009 BC 

4. Thus when comparing an AD date to an AM date, we should subtract a year from the AD count because there is no “0 year”. Notice there are only 33 years between 4BC and 30AD.

Samples Of The Relevance Of How Chronology Affects Biblical Interpretation 1. Knowing the age of the patriarchs puts a more historical accurate presentation to the stories: Jacob was 77 years old when he meant Rachel at the well. Jacob and Esau were in their 70’s when Jacob deceived his father Isaac.

2. Knowing there are 45 years from the year of the Israelites failure to enter the Promised Land, to when they finally conquered it (2514 AM – 2559), sheds light on why an extra “45 days” are mentioned in the number 1,335 in Daniel 12:12.

3. On the 62 nd Sabbath Year (2993 AM) Solomon began to build the temple. This sheds light on why Daniel 9 speaks of a symbolic era of “62 Weeks” until the founding of the New Covenant.

4. Knowing that Samson and Samuel served as Judges during the same time helps put the books of Judges and Samuel together. Especially considering the Samson’s death caused the battle of Mizpah; meaning both Samson and Samuel were instrumental in defeating the era of Philistine oppression.

5. This chronology chart also sets the basis for pointing out five overlapping “70 year” periods:

i. 70 years of Babylonian Servitude: 608 – 539 B.C. (including 608) Jer. 25:8-12 / Dan. 5-6 From the year of Josiah’s death, to when Belshazzar was killed, Judah was called to serve the nation of Babylon.

ii. 70 years of Daniel ministry : 605 – 535 B.C. Daniel 1 / Daniel 10:1-4 From Daniel’s first year of education at Babylon University in the 3 rd year of Jehoiakim, to his last vision during the 3 rd year of the reign of Cyrus. The vision in Daniel 10-12 encouraged Daniel because in that year opposition came to rebuilding the temple. (Ezra 4:4,5,24) Temple rebuilding did not continue until the 2 nd year of Darius I, who would also marry Esther.

iii. 70 years of God’s abandonment of the Temple: 592 – 522 B.C. Ezekiel 8-10 / Haggai 1:1 Ezekiel 8-10 occurred in 592 B.C., which was when Ezekiel saw the vision of God leaving the temple. Darius I became king 70 years later in 522, and he would soon help rebuild the temple. Haggai 1:1 (520 BC) rebukes the for letting nearly 2 years go by, while they had not started to rebuild the temple.

iv. 70 years of God’s wrath against the city of Jerusalem: 588 – 519 B.C. (including 588) Jer. 39:1 / Zech. 1:12 / Esther 1:5 The Babylonians started to siege the city in 588 B.C. In 519 BC, Zech 1:12 mentions that the wrath has been against the city for 70 years. (Haggai & Zechariah are possibly using the religious , from spring to spring, to count the reign of Darius since the emphasis is on the temple.)

v. 70 years of a burnt Temple: 586 – 517 B.C. (including 586) II Kings 25:8-9 / Babylonians burnt the temple in 586 B.C. Including the year of the burning, 517 marks the 70 th anniversary of the destruction. The next year in 516, Esther was chosen as a runner up to be Queen (Esth. 2:12), and a few months later the new Temple was finished being built that year (Ezra 6:15). It was ordered under Darius, who is Artaxerxes or Ahasuerus. Darius was his personal name, the others names were kingly titles like Pharaoh, the President, or Commander in Chief.

6. King Darius held a 187 day party for his kingdom in 519 BC. 187 years later, Alexander would be in the middle of conquering the Persian empire in 332 B.C. He defeated the Persian army in 333 BC, two years later in 331 BC he conquered the Persian capital of Babylon in the battle of Gaugamela. The chronology helps us seriously consider that the Persian party of 187 days merely pictured, or anticipated, the 187 years left for the Persian empire.