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EPPO Reporting Service, 1996, No. 2
EPPO Reporting Service Paris, 1996-01-02 Reporting Service 1996, No. 02 CONTENTS 96/021 - EPPO Electronic Documentation Service 96/022 - Situation of Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) solanacearum in France and Portugal 96/023 - Fireblight foci in Puy-de-Dôme (FR) 96/024 - Toxoptera citricida found in Florida (US) 96/025 - Hyphantria cunea found in Tessin (CH) 96/026 - Bactrocera dorsalis trapped in California and Florida (US) 96/027 - Anastrepha ludens trapped in California (US) 96/028 - Further spread of Maconellicoccus hirsutus in the Caribbean 96/029 - Tilletia controversa is not present in Germany 96/030 - Present situation of citrus tristeza closterovirus in Spain 96/031 - Citrus whiteflies in Spain 96/032 - Proposed names for citrus greening bacterium and lime witches' broom phytoplasma 96/033 - Report of phytoplasma infection in European plums in Italy 96/034 - Susceptibility of potato cultivars to Synchytrium endobioticum 96/035 - Specific ELISA detection of the Andean strain of potato S carlavirus 96/036 - NAPPO quarantine lists for potato pests 96/037 - Studies on the possible use of sulfuryl fluoride fumigation against Ceratocystis fagacearum 96/038 - Treatments of orchid blossoms against Thrips palmi and Frankliniella occidentalis 96/039 - Soil solarization to control Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis 96/040 - Metcalfa pruinosa: a new pest in Europe 96/041 - Phytophthora disease of common alder 96/042 - Potential spread of Artioposthia triangulata (New Zealand flatworm) and Australoplana sanguinea var. alba to continental Europe EPPO Reporting Service 96/021 EPPO Electronic Documentation Service EPPO Electronic Documentation is a new service developed by EPPO to make documents available in electronic form to EPPO correspondents. -
Arthropod Pest Management in Greenhouses and Interiorscapes E
Arthropod Pest Management in Greenhouses and Interiorscapes E-1011E-1011 OklahomaOklahoma CooperativeCooperative ExtensionExtension ServiceService DivisionDivision ofof AgriculturalAgricultural SciencesSciences andand NaturalNatural ResourcesResources OklahomaOklahoma StateState UniversityUniversity Arthropod Pest Management in Greenhouses and Interiorscapes E-1011 Eric J. Rebek Extension Entomologist/ Ornamentals and Turfgrass Specialist Michael A. Schnelle Extension Ornamentals/ Floriculture Specialist ArthropodArthropod PestPest ManagementManagement inin GreenhousesGreenhouses andand InteriorscapesInteriorscapes Insects and their relatives cause major plant ing a hand lens. damage in commercial greenhouses and interi- Aphids feed on buds, leaves, stems, and roots orscapes. Identification of key pests and an un- by inserting their long, straw-like, piercing-suck- derstanding of appropriate control measures are ing mouthparts (stylets) and withdrawing plant essential to guard against costly crop losses. With sap. Expanding leaves from damaged buds may be tightening regulations on conventional insecti- curled or twisted and attacked leaves often display cides and increasing consumer sensitivity to their chlorotic (yellow-white) speckles where cell con- use in public spaces, growers must seek effective tents have been removed. A secondary problem pest management alternatives to conventional arises from sugary honeydew excreted by aphids. chemical control. Management strategies cen- Leaves may appear shiny and become sticky from tered around -
Bionomics and Ecology of Bemisia Tabaci (Sternorrhyncha
Eur. J. Entomol. 95: 519-527, 1998 ISSN 1210-5759 Bionomics and ecologyBemisia of tabaci (Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) in Italy D omenico BOSCO1 and P iero CACIAGLI2 1 Dipartimento di Entomologia e Zoologia Applicate all’Ambiente “C. Vidano”, Universita di Torino, via L. da Vinci 44,1-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy 2Istituto di Fitovirologia Applicata, CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10126 Torino, Italy; e-mail: [email protected] Aleyrodidae,Bemisia tabaci, developmental time, cold resistance, overwintering, Italy, distribution Abstract. The development of a B-biotype Bemisia tabaci Italian colony was studied on bean at 9 con stant temperatures (15, 16, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, 35°C). The developmental time from egg-to-adult varied from 70 days at 16°C to 22 at 26°C and higher temperatures. A thermal requirement for egg-to-adult de velopment of 307 day-degrees was calculated, based on a lower developmental threshold of 11.53°C. The survival of egg, nymph and adult whiteflies was investigated at 0, 2, 4, and 6°C on broad bean for periods of 1-8 days. The adult was the most cold-sensitive stage, while the egg and nymph showed a similar level of cold resistance. The effect of sub-lethal cold stress of 4-8 days at 4°C on eggs and nymphs was studied. After exposure to low temperatures, whiteflies needed longer developmental times, from 5 to 8 days more. The presence of B. tabaci under outdoor conditions in Italy was investigated with field surveys and correlated with climatic data; the whitefly species was found in open field conditions only south of the 41° parallel, in areas characterised by less than 5 frost days per winter and by annual mean temperatures > 16°C. -
(Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a New Invasive Citrus Pest in Ethiopia Difabachew K
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology Entomology, Department of 8-2011 Ecology and Management of the Woolly Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a New Invasive Citrus Pest in Ethiopia Difabachew K. Belay University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Abebe Zewdu Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research John E. Foster University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the Entomology Commons Belay, Difabachew K.; Zewdu, Abebe; and Foster, John E., "Ecology and Management of the Woolly Whitefly H( emiptera: Aleyrodidae), a New Invasive Citrus Pest in Ethiopia" (2011). Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology. 636. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub/636 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Belay, Zewdu, & Foster in J. Econ. Entomol. 104 (2011) 1 Published in Journal of Economic Entomology 104:4 (2011), pp 1329–1338. digitalcommons.unl.edu doi 10.1603/EC11017 Copyright © 2011 Entomological Society of America. Used by permission. Submitted 18 January 2011; accepted 7 June 2011. Ecology and Management of the Woolly Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a New Invasive Citrus Pest in Ethiopia Difabachew K. Belay,1,2 Abebe Zewdu,1 & John E. Foster2 1 Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O. Box 436, Nazareth, Ethiopia 2 University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 202 Entomology Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 Corresponding author — D. -
Life History Parameters of Trialeurodes Vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) at Different Environmental Conditions on Two Bean Cultivars
View metadata, citation452 and similar papers at core.ac.uk July - August 2009brought to you by CORE provided by Wageningen University & Research Publications ECOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND BIONOMICS Life History Parameters of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) at Different Environmental Conditions on Two Bean Cultivars MARIA R MANZANO1, JOOP C VAN LENTEREN2 1Depto. de Ciencias Agrícolas, Univ. Nacional de Colombia, sede Palmira, Cra. 32 Chapinero via a Candelaria, Colombia; [email protected]; 2Lab. of Entomology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] Edited by André L Lourenção - IAC Neotropical Entomology 38(4):452-458 (2009) Estadísticos VItales de Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) a Diferentes Condiciones Ambientales en Dos Cultivares de Fríjol RESUMEN - Se determinaron los estadísticos vitales de la mosca blanca Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), una plaga importante del cultivo del fríjol en Colombia, en cámara ambiental en dos cultivares (cv.) de fríjol. La longevidad media de T. vaporariorum en el cv. Chocho fue mayor a 19°C (22.6 d), intermedia a 22°C (17.5 d) y menor a 26°C (5.9 d). En el cv. ICA-Pijao la longevidad media fue de 35.5 d a 19°C. La fecundidad media total fue 8.6, 32.6 y 33.3 huevos por hembra a 19, 22 y 26°C, respectivamente en el cv. Chocho. La fecundidad en el cv ICA-Pijao fue mucho más alta, 127. 2 huevos por hembra, a 19°C, que la del cv. Chocho. La tasa intrínseca de crecimiento poblacional (rm) fue más alta a 22°C (0.061), intermedia a 19°C (0.044) y más baja a 26°C (0.035) en el cv. -
EPPO Reporting Service
ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ET MEDITERRANEENNE PLANT PROTECTION POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 11 PARIS, 2016-11 General 2016/202 New EU plant health regime 2016/203 Details on quarantine pests in Spain: 2015 situation 2016/204 New BBCH growth stage keys Pests 2016/205 Update on the situation of Anoplophora chinensis in Turkey and confirmed absence of A. glabripennis 2016/206 First reports of Drosophila suzukii in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania, Serbia and Turkey 2016/207 Zaprionus indianus and Z. tuberculatus: addition to the EPPO Alert List 2016/208 First report of Vespa velutina in the United Kingdom 2016/209 First report of Aleurothrixus (=Aleurotrachelus) trachoides in India 2016/210 First reports of Phytoliriomyza jacarandae in Greece, Portugal and Spain 2016/211 First report of Meloidogyne graminicola in Italy 2016/212 Previous finding of Meloidogyne ethiopica in Slovenia is now attributed to Meloidogyne luci Diseases 2016/213 First report of Xylella fastidiosa in Spain 2016/214 First report of Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi in the United Kingdom 2016/215 Phytophthora pluvialis is causing a new disease on Pinus radiata in New Zealand 2016/216 First report of Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus in the Republic of Korea 2016/217 Potato spindle tuber viroid detected in volunteer and wild plants in Western Australia (AU) 2016/218 Studies on seed transmission of four pospiviroids in horticultural plants Invasive plants 2016/219 Biological control of Impatiens glandulifera 2016/220 A prioritization process for invasive alien plants incorporating the requirements of the EU Regulation no. 1143/2014 2016/221 Assessment of the risks to Norwegian biodiversity from aquarium and garden pond plants 2016/222 Honolulu challenge – action on invasive alien species 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int EPPO Reporting Service 2016 no. -
The Debate on Plant and Crop Biodiversity and Biotechnology
The Debate on Plant and Crop Biodiversity and Biotechnology Klaus Ammann, [email protected] Version from December 15, 2017, 480 full text references, 117 pp. ASK-FORCE contribution No. 11 Nearly 470 references on biodiversity and Agriculture need still to be screened and selected. Contents: 1. Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. The needs for biodiversity – the general case ................................................................................................................ 3 3. Relationship between biodiversity and ecological parameters ..................................................................................... 5 4. A new concept of sustainability ....................................................................................................................................... 6 4.1. Revisiting the original Brundtland definition of sustainable development ...............................................................................................................7 4.2. Redefining Sustainability for Agriculture and Technology, see fig. 1 .........................................................................................................................8 5. The Issue: unnecessary stigmatization of GMOs .......................................................................................................... 12 6. Types of Biodiversity ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Reliable Molecular Identification of Nine Tropical Whitefly Species
Reliable molecular identification of nine tropical whitefly species Tatiana M. Ovalle1, Soroush Parsa1,2, Maria P. Hernandez 1 & Luis A. Becerra Lopez-Lavalle1,2 1Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Km 17, Recta Cali-Palmira, Cali, Colombia 2CGIAR Research Program for Root Tubers and Bananas, Lima, Peru Keywords Abstract COI, RFLP-PCR, Tropical whiteflies, Molecular identification. The identification of whitefly species in adult stage is problematic. Morphologi- cal differentiation of pupae is one of the better methods for determining identity Correspondence of species, but it may vary depending on the host plant on which they develop Luis A. Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, Centro which can lead to misidentifications and erroneous naming of new species. Poly- Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) merase chain reaction (PCR) fragment amplified from the mitochondrial cyto- Km 17, Recta Cali-Palmira, Cali, Colombia. chrome oxidase I (COI) gene is often used for mitochondrial haplotype Tel: +57 2445 0000; Fax: +57 2445 0073; E-mail: [email protected] identification that can be associated with specific species. Our objective was to compare morphometric traits against DNA barcode sequences to develop and Funding Information implement a diagnostic molecular kit based on a RFLP-PCR method using the This should state that the CGIAR Reseach COI gene for the rapid identification of whiteflies. This study will allow for the Program for Root Tubers and Bananas rapid diagnosis of the diverse community of whiteflies attacking plants of eco- provided the resources to do this work. nomic interest in Colombia. It also provides access to the COI sequence that can be used to develop predator conservation techniques by establishing which Received: 4 April 2014; Revised: 20 June predators have a trophic linkage with the focal whitefly pest species. -
Sticky Plants in Your Garden by Billy Krimmel1
SNAPSHOT: Sticky Plants in Your Garden by Billy Krimmel1 Sticky plants are widespread in summertime throughout their abdomens, so that if they do contact sticky exudates by California. e oils and resins secreted at the tips of their accident, they can slough it off and move on without becoming glandular trichomes oen shine in the hot sun, and in many entrapped (Voigt and Gorb 2008). instances are strongly fragrant (see definitions below). Some Another common visitor of sticky plants is a group of assassin scientists have argued that UV reflectance may have been why bugs in the subfamily Harpactorini (Reduviidae: Harpactorini). plants evolved glandular and non-glandular trichomes in the first Females in many species have specialized storage structures on place—to mitigate the effects of the hot sun drawing out water their abdomens for collecting and storing sticky exudates from from the plant’s stomata (tiny openings through which plants plants. As females in these species lay eggs, they coat the eggs breathe). Others have argued that plants secrete glandular with these exudates. Newly hatched nymphs then spread the exudates as a way to detoxify (Schilmiller et al. 2008), while still exudates from their egg onto their body—the functions of which others argue that they evolved as a way to repel or defend against is still a bit of a mystery. Investigators speculate that it might would-be insect herbivores (e.g., Duke 1994, Fernandes 1994). provide camouflage, better grip to the plant for the insect, anti- Glandular trichomes are found among diverse plant taxa — an microbial functions, better attachment to prey, some estimated 30% of all vascular plant species have them — and combination of these functions, or something completely likely evolved in response to a diversity of environmental drivers different (Law and Sedigi 2010). -
Cannibalism Among Same-Aged Nymphs of the Omnivorous Predator Dicyphus Errans (Hemiptera: Miridae) Is Affected by Food Availability and Nymphal Density
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 116: 302–308, 2019 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2019.033 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cannibalism among same-aged nymphs of the omnivorous predator Dicyphus errans (Hemiptera: Miridae) is affected by food availability and nymphal density KONSTANTINA ARVANITI 1, ARGYRO FANTINOU 2 and Dionyssios PERDIKIS 1 1 Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology & Entomology and 2 Laboratory of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55, Athens, Hellenic Republic; e-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Key words. Hemiptera, Miridae, Dicyphus errans, adult weight, cannibalism, density, development, food availability, omnivorous predator Abstract. Cannibalism, the act of eating an individual of the same species has been little studied in omnivorous insect predators. Dicyphus errans (Wolff) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a generalist omnivorous predator that commonly occurs in tomato greenhouses and fi eld crops in the Mediterranean basin. In this work cannibalism among same-aged neonate nymphs of D. errans was studied when 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 individuals were placed in a Petri dish along with or without heterospecifi c prey. Although nymphs were un- able to complete their development in the absence of prey they survived longer when there were initially 2 individuals per dish than in any other treatment including a single individual. This may indicate that cannibalism in this predator has positive effect on nymphal survival, which however was not the case at higher densities. The presence of heterospecifi c prey increased nymphal survival and individuals were as equally successful in completing their development as when kept singly. -
Release, Establishment, and Monitoring of Bemisia Tabaci Natural
58 Hoelmer and Goolsby ___________________________________________________________________ RELEASE, ESTABLISHMENT AND MONITORING OF BEMISIA TABACI NATURAL ENEMIES IN THE UNITED STATES K. Hoelmer1 and J. Goolsby2 1USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Campus International de Baillarguet, Montferrier- sur-Lez, France 2USDA, Agricultural Research Service, c/o Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Entomology, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia INTRODUCTION Severe infestations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) [Biotype ‘B’] (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) (=Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) occurred following its introduction into the United States in the mid-to-late 1980s. Bemisia tabaci’s broad host range and its multivoltine development overwhelmed the then-current management practices and the ability of native natural enemies to limit whitefly populations. In response, a multi-agency national research and action plan was developed with par- ticipation by U.S. Department of Agriculture agencies (Agricultural Research Service, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, and Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service), State departments of agriculture, universities, and private industry (Faust, 1992; Henneberry et al., 1998). Biological control was a major component of the plan. Colonization of new, non-indigenous natural enemies of B. tabaci in the United States was complicated by these various factors: (1) the host range of B. tabaci included a large number of species of crops, ornamentals, weeds, -
Functional Response and Predation Rate of Dicyphus Cerastii Wagner (Hemiptera: Miridae)
insects Article Functional Response and Predation Rate of Dicyphus cerastii Wagner (Hemiptera: Miridae) Gonçalo Abraços-Duarte 1,2,* , Susana Ramos 1, Fernanda Valente 1,3, Elsa Borges da Silva 1,3 and Elisabete Figueiredo 1,2,* 1 Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (F.V.); [email protected] (E.B.d.S.) 2 Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal 3 Forest Research Centre (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal * Correspondence: [email protected] (G.A.-D.); [email protected] (E.F.) Simple Summary: Biological control (BC) is an effective way to regulate pest populations in hor- ticultural crops, allowing the decrease of pesticide usage. On tomato, predatory insects like plant bugs or mirids provide BC services against several insect pests. Native predators are adapted to local conditions of climate and ecology and therefore may be well suited to provide BC services. Dicyphus cerastii is a predatory mirid that is present in the Mediterranean region and occurs in tomato greenhouses in Portugal. However, little is known about its contribution to BC in this crop. In this study, we evaluated how prey consumption is affected by increasing prey abundance on four different prey, in laboratory conditions. We found that the predator can increase its predation rate until a maximum is reached and that prey characteristics like size and mobility can affect predation.