If SPORTS -AND -ATHLETICS

THE GREATEST OF AMERICAN OLYMPIC TEAMS WHOLE GALAXY of Amerioan athletic stars, composing aU of the money necessary has been raised, but while no offtcial "the greatest athletic team which ever competed in inter- announcement has been made on the subject, it is understood A- national games under the colors of Uncle Sam," arrived the goal of $200,000 is in sight and will be attained with con­ at the scene of the Olympic Games iiear Antwerp early in the tinued assistance from a generous public. A final intensive present month and began to run up scores for America. In cold drive for funds will be inaugurated. To provide for emergency, numbers the team far ex­ the committee has-adopted ceeds any other ever npmfe^ a plan -ifhereby:the ath­ nated for the world's letes selected last in each athletic classic. In the event m^y be dropt in the matter of strength, experts event of'lack of funds. agree that the aggregation . The complete list of surpasses any-tfiihg of the Olympic representatives in past. track and field, cross-coun­ The final selection of the try, steeplechase, pentath­ traelf and field, cross-coun­ lon, decathlon, and; box­ try, steeplechase, pen- ing, as announced by -tathlon, decathlon, and Secretary Rubien, follows: boxing teams was com­ TRACK EVENTS. pleted in Boston, after the lOa-Meter Dash.: most extensive series of Loren Murchison, New elimination contests in the Yorkk. C. history of American sport. J. W. Scholz, University Following the final try- of Missouri. outs at the Harvard Stadi­ C. W. Paddock, Los An­ geles A. C. um, President Kirby M. M. kirksey, Olympic gathered his contempora­ Club, Ban Francisco. ries of the Amerioan Olym­ Allen Woodring, Meadow- pic Committee about him, brook: Club, Philadel­ phia. and without interruption W. D. Hayes, Boston. the officials composing the :30d-Meter Dash. Team-Selecting Commit­ C. W. Paddock, Los Ange­ tee and the Executive les A. C. Committee continued in M. M. Kirksey, Olympic session until five o'clock Club, San Francisco. in the morning. An­ Loren Murchison, New York A. C. nouncement of the selec­ Allen Woodring, Meadow- tions showed, according brook Club, Philadel­ to a special report to the phia. New York Times, "a total W. D. Hayes, Boston. of 132 scintillating track J. W. Scholz, University of Missoiiri. and field stars, from all 110-Meter Hurdles. parts of the country, the "Times Widc-Wurkl l^iiotu."' H. E. Barron, Meadow- survival of the fittest in OUR LARGEST AND SMALLEST OLYMPIC ATHLETES. brook Club, Philadel­ the extensive plan em­ Patrick J. McDonald, shot-putter, and Aileen Riggin, Mgh diver, aboard the ship phia. ployed to determine the which recently landed the contestants in Antwerp. The aggregation of American W. Yount, Los Angeles A. C, athletes best equipped to athletes contained in all 132 members. Walker Smith, Chicago wear the American shield." A. A. Out of the maelstrom of data, according to this authority, "one F. S. Murray, New York A. C. vividly significant fact stands forth": J. M. Watt, Ithaca, N. Y. 0. Anderson, Los Angeles A. C, or J. Moss, University of The metropolitan district leads the other sections of the coun­ Texas. try in the number of representatives on the team. Twenty-one 400-Metcr Hurdles. sturdy sons of Father Knickerbocker attained the goal which is F. F. Loomis, Chicago A. A. the ambition of every athlete from the time he first dons the J. K. Norton, Olympic Club, San Francisco. spiked shoes. A. C. Deseh, New York. The New York A. C, with the Chicago A. A., shares the dis­ CD. Daggs, Los Angeles A. C. tinction of ha^dng the greatest number of athletes on the team. The country's two leading clubs each landed fourteen individual J. M. Watt, Ithaca, N. Y. berths. A recapitulation of the representation among the F. Smart, Chicago A. A. leading olubs shows the following organizations trailing the two 400-Meter Kun. leaders: Olympic Club, 8; Boston A. A., 7; Los Angeles A. C, F. J. Shea, Navy. 6; Illinois A. C, 4; Meadowbrook Club, 3. J. E. Meredith, New York A. C. R. S. Emory, Chicago A. A. The selection of 132 competitors, the full number permitted G. S. Schiller, Los Angeles A. C. under the rules, it is reported, reflects a relieving condition with J. W. DriscoU, Boston A. A. regard to the Amerioan Olympic Committee's finances. Not Earl Eby, Chicago A. A. , ,

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 88 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 FIELD EVENTS. Decathlon. B. Hamilton, University of Missouri. SPORTS AND ATHLETICS Hlgb Jump. Continued E. L. Bradley, University of Kansas. J. Murphy, Multnomah A. C, Portland, R. Legendre, Georgetown University. Oregon. H. Goelitz, Illinois A. C. 80a-Meter Eun. H. P. Muller, Olympic Club, San Fran­ Lieut. E. I. Vidal, Army. Earl Eby, Chicago A. A. cisco. E. Ellis, Syracuse University. Lieut. D. M. Scott, Army. R. W. Landon, New York A. C. Boxing Team. Thomas Campbell, Yale University. W. L. Whalen, Boston A. A. 112-Pound Class—P. Zivic, Willow A. C, A. B. Sprott, Los Angeles A. C. 0. Corry, Los Angeles A. C. A. B. Helferieh, New York A. C. Pittsburg; Frank Di Gennaro, Paulist A. R. L. Templeton, Olympic Club, San C, New York; J. Lessor, Army. J. W. Ray, Illinois A. C. Francisco. 1,500-Meter. Bun. 118-Pound Class—E. Hartman, Her­ Broad Jump. mann Institute, Philadelphia; N. Brock, J. W. Ray, Illinois A. C. Sol Butler, Dubuque College. Cleveland; S. J. Gustin, Boston. E. B. Curtis, Navy. S. Landers, Chicago A. A. 126-Pound Class—J. Zivic, Willow A. C, L. M. Shields, Meadowbrook Club, R. L. Templeton, Olympic Club, San Pittsburg; G. Etsell, Navy; S. Vogel, Philadelphia. Francisco. Pastime A. C, New York- J. J. Connolly, Boston A. C. J. M. Merchant, Olympic Club, San 135-Pound Class—F. Cassidy, Ozanam A. A. Sohardt, Chicago A. A. Francisco. A. C, New York; B. Ponteau, St. Chris­ G. P. Goodwin, Boston A. A. H. Politzer, Mohawk A. C, New York topher Club, New York; E. U. Fowler, 5,000-Meter Bun. (only five selections). Army. H. H. Brown, Boston A. A. Hop, Step, and Jump. 147-Pound Class—W. Clarke, Philadel­ C. Furnas, Purdue University. phia; F. Goldberg, A^-my; S. Loog, Jr., S. Landers, Chicago A. A. C. F. Hunter, Olympic Club, San Fran­ Philadelphia. cisco. D. F. Ahearn, Illinois A. C. 160-Pound Class—S. Lagonia, Bronx- A. C. Geist, Y. M. H. A., New York. dale A. C, New York; Lieut. J. A. Cran­ I. C. Dresser, New York A. C. C. E. Jaquith, Chicago A. A. R. E. Johnson, Morgan Club, Pittsburg. ston, Army; S. Murchie, Navy. J. G. Loomis, Chicago A. A. 175-Pound Class—E. Eagan, Yale Uni­ R. B. Watson, Kansas State Agricultural H. Prom, New York A. C. College. versity; T. Snyder, Army; J. R. Grant, 10,000-Meter Bun. Pole Vault. Navy. F. W. Faller, Dorchester-Club, Boston. F. K. Foss, Chicago A. A. Heavyweight Class—W. Spengler, New- R. E. Johnson, Morgan Club, Pittsburg. E. E. Meyers, Chicago A. A. York Police A. C; Lieutenant S. Stewart, G. Cornetta, New York A. C. E. E. Knourek, Illinois A. C. Army. ___^„^____^_ M. Bohland, Paulist A. C, New York. E. J. Jenne, Washington State College. A. Patsoni, Haskell Institute, Kansas. R. W. Harwood, Boston A. A. "BABE" RUTH'S FORTY-FOUR HORSE­ C. F. Hunter, Olympic Club, San Fran- P. W. Graham, Chicago A. A. POWER SWATS AS ANALYZED CISCO* BY SCIENCE 3,000- and 10,000-Meter Walk. Shot Put. W. Plant, Morningside A. C, New York. P. J. McDonald, New York A. C. PPROXIMATELY forty-four horse­ J. B. Pearman, New York A. C. H. D. Liversedge, Navy. A power is required to produce each of W. J. Relker, New York A. C. G. H. Bihlman, Olympic Club, San those home-runs for which "Babe" Ruth R. P. Remer, Walkers' Club, New York. Francisco. is so justly celebrated. This makes a T. A. Maroney, St. Anselm's A. A., New H. G. Cann, New York A. C. total of some three thousand horse-power York. R. H. Hills, Washington, D. C. 3,000-Meter Steeplechase. E. P. Caughey, Olympic Club, San which the prize home-runner's mighty P. Flynn, Paulist A. C, New York. Francisco. arms, combined with the "center of M. Devanney, Millrose A. A., New York. Hammer Throw. percussion" of his mighty bat, have pro­ A. L. Huelsenbeck, New York A. C. P. J. Ryan, Loughlin Lyceum, New York. duced so far in the past two seasons, and R. B. Watson, Kansas State Agricultural M. J. McGrath, New York A. C. is quite enough, if exerted behind one College. J. M. McCeachison, Olympic Club, San gigantic bat, to demolish a sky-scraper. R. Crawford, Millrose A. A., New York. Francisco. At least, so says a physicist, Prof. A. L. M. Bohland, Paulist A. C, New York. B. B. Bennett, Chicago A. A. Hodges by name, who analyzes "Babe's" [400-Mcter Belar Team. C. U. Danrow, Boston A. A. Loren Murohison, New York A. C. J. M. Merchant, Olympic Club, San achievements in a scientiflo manner for J. W. Scholz, University of Missouri. Francisco. the Cleveland News-Leader. It is hard C. W. Paddock, Los Angeles A. C. 56-Pound Weight. for science to reduce the matter of home- M. M. Kirksey, Olympic Club, San P. J. McDonald, New York, A. C. runs to statistics and formulas, he admits, Francisco. M. J. McGrath, New York A. C. explaining: A. Woodring, Meadowbrook Club, Phil­ P. J.Ryan, Loughlin Lyceum, New York. adelphia. J. M. [McCeachison, Olympic Club, San The speed which a ball takes on im­ J. G. Loomis, Chicago A. A. Francisco. mediately after its collision with the bat is a Lieut. E. R. Roberts, Army. little dif&cult to compute because neither 1,600,-Metcr Belay Team. C. U. Dandrow, Boston A. A. F. J. Shea, Navy. the bat nor the ball is perfectly elastic or J. E. Meredith, New York A. C. Javelin Throw. perfectly non-elastic. To illustrate the difficulty of such a computation, let me R. S. Emory, Chicago A. A. M. S. Angler, Illinois A. C. Earl Eby, Chicago A. A. explain what happens when perfectly J. C. Lincoln, New York A. C. . elastic and perfectly no-n-elastic bodies come G. S. Bretnall, Cornell College. K. L. Wilson, Chicago A. A. G. S. Schiller, Los Angeles A. C. into collision. ' ' 3,000-Mctcr Belay Team. r. J. Hanner, Stanford University. If two inelastic bodies—say, two pieces of J. W. Ray, Illinois A. C. A. M. Tuck, University of Oregon. lead—of equal weight and going with equal H. H. Brown, Boston A. A. J. Mahan, Texas College. speed, but in opposite directions, meet I. C. Dresser, New York A. C. Discus Throw. squarely in mid-air, they will both stop and C. Furnas, Purdue University. A. R. Pope, University of Washington. fall to the ground, all their energy of A. A. Schardt, Chicago A. A. K. C. Bartlett, University of Oregon. motion having been turned into heat. M. Devanney, Millrose A. C, New York. R. M. Evans, Los Angeles A. C. If, however, perfectly elastic bodies of the L. M._Shields, Meadowbrook Club, Phil­ K. L. Wilson, Chicago A. A. same weight going with the same velocity, adelphia. V. O. Clapp, Navy (only five selections). but in opposite directions, meet in mid-air, 10,000-Meter Cross-Country Team. they will bounce back with the same J. Simons, New York A. C. Pentathlon. velocity they had originally. If one of L. B. Watson, Syracuse University. B. Hamilton, University of Missouri. these bodies has twice the velocity of the F. W. Faller, Dorchester Club, Boston. R. Legendre, Georgetown University. other, the latter will bounce back with E. L. Bradley, University of Kansas. twice its original velocity and the former P. Flynn, Paulist A. C, New York. will bounce back only half as fast. All R. Crawford, Millrose A. A., New York. Leon L. Perrine, University of Idaho. R. Dunne, University of Michigan. this applies to bodies having the same A. L. Huelsenbeck, New York A. C. weight. Whenever one of the colliding H. H. Brown, Boston A. A. V. 0. Clapp, Navy. M. Bohland, Paulist A. C, New York.

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 89 Try these tell-tale test papers

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 50 Tlie Literary Digest for August 21, 1920

SPORTS AND ATHLETICS Continued

bodies is heavier than the other, the ve­ locity given the latter body upon bounc­ ing is enormously increased. The bat which "Babe" Ruth wields and the ball which he hits are both fairly elastic; therefore, everything else being equal, the ball will be driven farther the heavier the bat and the faster the bat is moving as it hits the ball. Also, as the weight of "Babe" Ruth's body prevents ybur Goal Window- his bat from doing much bouncing back, the faster the ball comes the farther it will go Is It Insured ? when he hits it. "Y'OU insure your house against fire. Then fall—when your winter's coal is delivered ! The weight of the ball itself is a very im­ why not insure your house against rapid Install a Majestic Coal Chute nozv—and pro­ portant factor in hitting a home-run, viewed depreciation—where it is most certain and tect your property for all time. It is real as a scientific problem. If there were no cbstly ? The coal-bin window in your house insurance. • atmosphere, everything else being equal, —is it insured? It should be—with a Your new home or building will not be com­ the lighter the ball happened to be, the Majestic Coal Chute. pletely modern without a Majestic Coal farther it would go. The friction of the air, The frame-and-sash coal window jn your Chute. And it costs but little more to in­ however, slows the ball up considerably, house may look as unsightly and battered as clude this essential feature. and this fact has to be taken into con­ the one illustrated above. And the damaged Write for our catalog which shows also sideration with several others. walls and foundation lessen the value of your Majestic Underground Gstbage Re­ ceivers and the Majestic Milk and The conclusion which science reaches is property. Necessary repairs are costly—and Package Receiver. they never end. that the heavier the ball is, without in­ creasing its size or decreasing its elasticity, Stop this continuous expense for repairs. Pre­ THE MAJESTIC COMPANY 1601 Erie St., Huntington, Ind. the farther it will go after being struck with vent the damage which is sure to come this the bat. The direction taken by a batted ball is affected to some extent by the rotation of the ball as it strikes the bat. This factor is of the greatest importance when the bat does not strike the ball squarely. It is possible for the bat to hit the ball in such a way that it actually increases the i^^ I/^l jf,T^I. ProledsA^atnslDamage 3.LosspnsDepreciationlatter' s rotation. In other words, it is per­ fectly possible for the batter to hit the ball XJjSLL L/mtc 2. Enhances Property Value 4. SavGS Money in such a way that it takes on a decided curve. Everybody who plays golf knows what a common occurrence this is on the links. A golf-ball when struck acciden­ tally off center will often describe the weirdest imaginable path through the air, particularly if it passes through various air-currents. A home-run depends to a very large ex­ tent upon the direction given the batted ball. The importance of this factor may be estimated as nine times, that of the speed given the batted ball. By direction we mean not only the horizontal angle, but also the vertical angle at which the ball leaves the bat. For example, no matter how hard the ball is hit, it will never result in a home-run unless it clears the up- stretched arms of the players in the field. It is plain that the direction given the batted ball must depend to a large extent upon the manner in which the ball is traveling before it meets the bat. Pro­ vided the ball is given a proper rotation on its horizontal axis by the pitcher, the kind of curve best suited to make it difficult to hit it at the proper vertical angle is either the down-shoot or the up- shoot. On account of the many variable factors concerned, science believes that any home-run made with either of these curves is a lucky chance pure and simple. After the ball has been set in motion by the bat with a certain speed, the distance it will go depends upon the vertical angle at which it starts. The most desirable angle is one of forty-two degrees with the ground, or about half a right angle. Other factors which determine the distance a batted ball will travel are the speed of the ball, its sphericity, the smoothness of its surface, and its lack of rotation. The greater the speed of the ball, the more perfectly spherical it is, the smoother its surface, and the less rotation with which it travels, the farther it will go. At-

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 91

SPORTS AND ATHLETICS Continued mospheric conditions, of course, enter into the problem. A ball will go farther in a clear .air that is free from moisture. The I V- wind may carry it bodily for quite a distance or may retard its progress. •I If science were asked to make it dif­ ficult or well-nigh impossible for "Babe" •"^&?' Ruth to hit a home-run it would select a 'm; '.•A.^- day when the barometer was high, ex­ plains Professor Hodges, with the air so heavy with moisture that it would retard •^ the progress of the batted ball. The pitcher selected would be one good on When Lumber Was "Just Lumber" You Had No Choice verj^ slow but curvy down-shoots. If such MAN doesn't have to know wool by the a pitcher were not available, one who had C^ "feel" to buy a good suit of clothing. He such great speed that he could put any doesn't have to know one grkde of leather kind of a ball over the plate for the batter from another to buy good shoes. All he needs to know is that certain.trade-marked would be chosen. For: brands on merchandise are themselves r.n unqualified assurance of uniform high qual­ With this kind of a pi^tcher the ball is ity. Buying has been made safe. Southern Pine likely to be hit behind the plate and un­ The same business ethics that caused certain man-. Creosoted Products likely to be started on its course at the ufacturers of other things to establish themselves as maimers of first class goods and back tliem up with a Hardwoods proper angle. His hitting of a home-run trade-marked name, caused The Long-Bell Lumber , could then be made still more difficult by Company to brand its lumber with this name: White Pine compelling the redoubtable "Babe" to Sash and Doors use a bat either so heavy that he could not TonG-ReiL swing it with much speed, or so light that _ THE MARK ON QUALITY it would tend to hit the ball at the wrong horizontal angle. There is a certain spot on the bat, Lumber usually a few inches from the end, but Ask YOUR DEALER FOR LONG-BELL BRAND Southern Piae Lumber and Timbers; Creosoted Lumber, varying with different bats, which science Timbers, Posts, Poles, PiUng.Ties and Wood Blocks; Oak knows as the center of percussion. If Lumber, Oak Flooring, Gum; California White Pine Lum- the ball hits the bat exactly on this spot iber. Sash and Doors, Standardized Woodwork. the greatest effect is produced. All ball­ players are aware when the ball hits this yg——^^^__..^^_^^^__-—^ spot on the bat, not only through the ' R. AvLQNGJDUIL LuiTibernien since 187S ICA.'NSA.S CITV.TS/IO. absence of jar to the arm, but also through a peculiar satisfaction which is hard to define, but which is no doubt physical as well as mental. "Babe" Ruth's phenomenal home-run record is largely ^ due to the fact that, consciously, or unconsciously, he has found a way of producing the collision between his bat and the ball on this center of percussion more frequently than any other player. What is called the center of percussion is a principle that enters into the design not only of baseball bats, but of all things designed for men to swing. In the ham­ mer, for example, the center of percussion should be in the head. The problem of hitting home-runs with the surprizing frequency that "Babe" The \ Ruth does is no more complicated in the to Heat matter of powers of judgment and ob­ servation involved than in mechanical Effective Wav^^.. Large Areas principles. Viewed as a mechanical prob­ Skinner Bros. (Baetz Patent) Heaters special foundations—can be easily re­ lem, the home-run requires a bat just offer the one effective way to heat located, ready to operate, within a as heavy as a player can use with comfort, large areas — regardless of weather few hours. conditions or the type of building you the bat to be given a motion as fast as occupy. They will thoroughly heat They are scientifically built and rely possible when hitting the ball, and striking all of the open space to the same uni­ m part on simple natural laws—that the ball so that it will be itupelled into the form, comfortable degree. is why they are so effective. Per­ air at an angle of approximately forty-five formance is guaranteed. degrees, or half a right angle. The ball Skinner Heaters are individual units Send' for Bulletin No. 50 and list of should also, of course, be hit at such a without a complicated system of dis­ users—it will be to your advantage. horizontal angle as not to cause a foul. tributing pipes or ducts—installation The weight of the batter has very little cost is 15 to 50% less than other types Skinner Bros. Mfg. Co. — they are portable — require no to do with the matter of home-runs, but 1432 S. Vandeventer Ave., St. Louis, Mo. his arm muscles are a controlling factor to the extent of, say, fifty per cent. Of course, if his arms are rigid enough to make the bat for all practical purposes a part of his body when he hits the ball, and if his body is swung forward at just that instant, it is possible that a heavy batter, all other things being equal, would be able to BACTz RWBNT HEATING SYSTEM ••9

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 9-2 2'he Lueraiy j>!gas! for Aiif^iist 21, 1920

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 93 all of a sudden decided he was hungry "and knew that R. C. had hooked a broadbill, SPORTS AND ATHLETICS forthwith gave up his fight, and, to the yet I could not believe it. With strained eyes I watched the line rise and rise, until Continued amazement of his Avould-be captors, began the spot where it led my sight burst into a chasing flying-fish, a performance that white, crashing splash, in the midst of which knock the ball farther than a lighter elicited from Captain Danielson, one of a huge, obscure, purple body flashed. The player. Mr. Grey's companions, the ejaculation: swordfish did not show well, but he showed Home-runs depend, to a considerable "By gosh, if that ain't the limit!" The that he was hooked. He thrashed around degree, on quickness of the eye and a in foam, with only his sword in sight, fishing expedition had started out in the speedy response of the body's muscles to banging at the wire leader. Then, with a the message which the eye flashes to the morning from Avalon on Santa Catalina heavy swirl, he sounded between four brain. To follow the ball as it leaves the Island. In the party, besides Captain and five hundred feet, and stayed pitcher's hand is no easy matter, as_ the Danielson and Mr. Grey, there were the down there, slowly working seaward. We sphere is often traveling at the rate of latter's brother, R. ^C, and the author's kept after him, but R. C. did not recover 150 feet a second, or nearly two miles a any "line. young son, Romer. About eleven o'clock minute. The eye movement necessary to "Well, Red, he's comin' up," said Dan follow it increases greatly as the ball they found themselves off shore some six cheerfully. '' He doesn't like it down there. draws nearer and nearer the plate, owing miles sailing lazily along watching for sword- Now go to work on him." to the increase in the angle of vision which, fish fins. To quote from the story as it "Working" on this broadbill proved a by the time the ball is over the plate, appears in Country Life (New York): is about ten times what it was when it strenouus job. He was a big fish and he left the pitcher's hand. put up a big fight. To make the situation How much actual energy does "Babe" Suddenly R. C. murdered this peaceful- still more dubious, it was found that he had Ruth expend in hitting one of his home- ness. "Swordfish!" he bellowed. ' been hooked on a light rod instead of the runs? The activity of horse-power in­ Captain Dan's heavy feet, thumped on volved is very great, but it is in operation the cabin deck above, and he yelled; Romer heavy one they had planned to use. Every only for the fraction of a second. came running out, with his shrill treble time the fish made a lunge the rod bent The,ball which "Babe" Ruth hits for a voice at top key; R. C. stood up, alert, almost double. At the end of an hour he home-run weighs about five ounces. If erect, with stiff arm pointing seaward. appeared to be tiring, and R. C, who held his bat gives it a velocity of 500 feet a sec­ "Look! Are they fins or sails of a schooner. ond, we find, by applying a well-known Look—if that's not a broadbill I'll eat the rod, succeeded in pulling him to within formula of physics, that 1,200 foot-pounds him!" thirty feet of the boat. Now for the first of actual energy or work is done. Now, if it "Broadbill, all right—and a buster," time they perceived the great size of their takes Ruth one-twentieth of a second to boomed Captain Dan, as he threw out the quarry. The sight increased their fears for impart this energy by a swing of his bat, clutch. "Wind in your baits and let me the rod,- and R. C. eased up on the this would be at the rate of 24,000 foot­ put on fresh flying-fish.'.' pounds a second, which is about forty-four All was now cheerful excitement on board strain. The swordfish rolled away and horse-power. that boat. Captain Dan put a new bait, a down out of sight, and presently the tussle The king of home-run makers is then fine fat flying-fish, on R. C.'s hook, throw­ was renewed: working at the rate of forty-four horse­ ing it overboard and heading the boat to power everjf time he cracks out one.of his cross in front of the swordfish, so as to drag Our quarry ehanged his tactics. He had long hits, but he maintains this rate for the bait before his eyes. When we got,to been slow; now he became fast. He had such a brief length of time that not very within a hundred yards of this fish I began stayed down rather deep; now he came to much actual work is involved. to think that he was pretty big. His fins the surface. First he made a long run, looked large, but they were partially sub­ splashing over the swells. We had to put merged. The distance from dorsal fin to on full power to keep up with him, and at THIS TUSSLE WITH A SWORDFISH tail began to amaze me. Still I was too that he took off a good deal of line. When PRODUCED REAL SPORT, pleasantly excited to be sure of anything. he slowed up he began to fight the leader. BUT NO FISH I climbed up on top of the deck so that He would stick his five-foot sword out of I could see better. As the boat passed the the water and bang the leader. Then he BATTLE with a broadbill swordflsh, swordfish, perhaps two hundred feet dis­ lifted his enormous head high and wagged A lasting eleven hours and a half, should tant, I could plainly see the dark purple, it from side to side, so that his sword de­ furnish material for a tip-top fish, story, rounded mass of his body, big as a barrel, scribed a circle, smacking the water on his it seemed, in the clear water. He was and some yarn it is, as Zane Grey, the au­ left and then on his right. Wonderful and drifting lazily and did not know that there frightful that sweep of sword! It would thor, tells it. Also, it ends just as good was a boat within a mile. have cut a man in two pieces or have fish stories often end—the fish was posi­ When the bait reached a point about fifty pierced the planking of a boat. Evidently tively enormous, and he got away. While feet ahead of him, he gave his tail a fiirt and his efforts and failure to free himself roused the fishermen were thus deprived of the moved forward, to sink in a swirl of water. him to fury. His huge tail thumped out I believed that he meant to take R. C.'s of great white boils; when he turned side­ satisfaction of landing their prize, they ex­ ways he made a wave like that behind a perienced every other thrill that angling bait. Most assuredly at least he meant to: look it over. ferry-boat; when he darted here and there he was as swift as a flash and he left- a has to offer, and several that can be en­ Suddenly the line whipt up off the water. countered only in the pursuit of swordflsh. raised bulge, a white wake on the surface. It was the motion given to a fishing-line by Suddenly he electrified us by leaping. For instance, we are told that several times the swordfish when he strikes the bait with Broadbill swordfish seldom clear the water the infuriated fish turned against the fish­ his sword. No other fish in the sea gives after being hooked. They leap, however, a line such strange and thrilling motion! at other times. This one came out in a ermen's motor-boat, brandishing his wicked "He's got it!" whispered R. C. five-foot sword, and only by keeping their tremendous white splash, and when he Then we all watched the line slip off the went down with a loud crash we all saw propeller humming were they able to escape reel. At first it went slowly, then gradu­ where the foam was red with blood. Cap­ his onslaughts. When the fish found him­ ally faster. R. C.'s face wore a pleasant, tain Dan yelled in surprize at his size. self hooked he pulled all the stunts that satisfied smile of excitement. R. C. did not show any surprize and he "Hook him! * Hook him!" boomed Cap­ any game and indignant fish puts on under kept silent. I took out my thrilling excite­ tain Dan, with a deep ring in his heavy ment in a mad scramble for my camera. such circumstances, and many that a fish voice. It reminded me that he and I both less powerful and ferocious than a swordfish had seen broadbills hooked before. Before I could get ready the swordfish wculd never think of. He thrashed about, R. C. threw on the drag, and lowering leapt again, a magnificent leap that I he made sudden wild dashes, he sulked the rod while the line straightened, he would give anything to have photographed. squared his powerful shoulders and Like a leaping tuna, he shot out slick and hundreds of feet down in the depths of the jerked back with all his might. Both clean. But when he dropt back, he made Pacific, and time after time he made savage rod and line seemed to crack. But a thunderous smash on the water. rushes and threw his whole great bulk en­ they held. R. C. swept forward and He leapt again, almost all the way out, tirely clear of the water. The strangest heaved back. and was half obscured in spray. I snapt the camera on him. Then he seemed to part of the story is that which relates how "That's the way," boomed Captain Dan. "Soak him! . . . Fast an'hard now! . . . want to perform for my benefit. He lashed this swordfish after eleven and a half hours He's comin' up. See the line." a great patch of water into white foam; of frenzied effort to rid himself of the hook, The moment was one of great stress. I he surged and went down with his wonder-

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 94 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 95j efforts. But we were both well-nigh sx- SPORTS AND ATHLETICS hausted, and had to finish him quickly if Continued we were to do it at all. The sea was dark now. A wan starlight did not help us,-and we could not always tell just where our fill broad flukes high in the air; he came quarry was. Suddenly, to our amazement, up and up and up, with his black rapier he jerked the line from under Dan's thumbs straight to the sky; he fell over on his side and made a magnificent run. Then the to smack the water. Then he leapt again. line slacked. "He's off!" exclaimed Dan. I told him to wind. He did so, getting There was no use trying to hold him or neai"]y all of the line back. Then the old fight him while he was up to such tricks. strain showed again on the rod. Our All we could do was to chase him. . Half the broadbill had only changed his tactics. He time R. C.'s line lay slack, and ofcten it had made some sounding thumps on the surface. a wide bag in it. He did not even try to "Say, I don't like this," said Dan. "He's keep a tight line. runnin' wild." "&ay! he's eomin' at us!" yelled the boy. And indead Romer was the first to become I was reminded that Bosehen, Adams, aware of possible peril. and myself all agreed on the theory that '' Wait, Dan! Don't run away from Mm broadbiU swordfish wake up and become yet," I begged. fierce and dangerous after dark. This one It might have been foolhardy of me, but certainly verified that theory. In the dark OneQiPl I could not resist the thrilling opportunity. we could not tell where he was, whether he To see that swordfish throwing v/ater like a was close or near, whether he menaced us or motor-boat, headed for us, with his wicked not. Some of the splashes he made sounded and a Rotospeed bill in the air, was a sight to freeze the blood angry and close. I expected to hear a crash at any moment. Captain Dan and of any angler who could recognize the dan­ I were loath to out the line; stirred and will do the work ger. In that rush of perhaps a hundred roused as we were, it was difficult to give in. yards he leapt three times, only one leap We took the chance that as long as our of which I caught with the camera. Then propeller turned the swordfish would not of 50 Typists he sounded. But he stayed down only a ram us. 75 good, clean, sharp form letters a min­ few seconds. I saw the water bulge closer ute. That is what can be done in your own to us. Then farther on his black sword But if we had only known what we were oifice by any stenographer or office boy. shot up out of a smooth place, and soon to learn, we might have spared oui*- then his green and silver head, show­ selves further toil and dread. Exact Form Letters—20c ing his great black eye, and then his Suddenly [the line began to whiz off the Per Thousand reel". This time the fish took off several Better form letters than you ever thought pos­ purple body, huge] and round and glis­ sible—letters with the clean-cut appearance of tening. With back toward us he rose hundred feet, then stopt. The line slacked. neatly typed originals that exactly dupUcate-the Dan wound up the slack, and then the fish typewriter type, can be printed at the rate of about three-quarters of his length, and, 75 per minute on the Rotospeed. in a cloud of flying spray, seemed to hang jerked out more. Still he did not run. I there a second. I made the best of this let go the rod and raised myself to look out No Type, Trouble nor Muss . opportunity. When he soused back into the gloom. I could just make out the The Rotospeed stencil is prepared quickly and pale obscurity of heaving sea, wan and easily. No type to set. Typewrite your letters he swerved toward us again. If I had on a sheet of stencil paper. Attach the stencil mysterious under the starlight. I heard not been scared before, I certainly was paper to the Rotospeed and turn the handle. splashes. That's all. A child can do it. The Rotospeed then. "Run away from him!" I yelled to has a semi-automatic feed—self-adjusting im­ "Listen, Dan," I called. "What do you pression roll, an unlimited head-spacing device Captain Dan. and improved receiving tray—all these exclusive make of that? He's on the surface." advantages—yet, it's the simplest stencil dupli­ They lost no time getting away from the Captain Dan relaxed a little, and lis­ cator in the world. tened. Then I heard more splashes, the aquatic monster, and then they watched Ruled Forms Easily Printed angry swirl of water violently disturbed, Ruled forms of all sizes from 3x5 inch cards him at a safe distance. He was frantic, the familiar swishing sound. Then fol­ to S'/i x 16 inch sheets are printed on the Rotospeed just as easily as form letters and rushing about madly and leaping clear of lowed a heavy thump. After that soft, at a cost of a few cents per thousand. the water several times. For hours R. C. light splashes came from the darkness here and there. I heard the rush of light bodies Illustrations and Signatures kept up the fight. Then he was seized with in the air. Then a skittering splash, right Quickly Reproduced an attack of seasickness and had to give up Sketches can be copied or traced on the stencil near the boat, showed us where a flying-fish paper and the signature written so that a com­ the rod. Presently the sun went down, but had ended his flight. pletely typewritten, illustrated and signed letter will be printed at one operation. they still had hopes of landing the broad- "Dan! Flying-fish! All around us—in bUl and kept right on trying to tire him out, the air!" I ejaculated. Only One Model— We listened again, to be rewarded by Price $43.50 Complete but without success. They were not able i This machine does everything that a stencil practically the same sounds. Captain duplicator can do. There are no accessories or to get him nearer than one hundred feet. Dan rested the rod on the gunwale pointing 1 higher priced models. The price includes full equipment and sufficient supplies for printing a After a time the men themselves were tired it straight out where we heard the sword- thousand copies each of twenty-four different out. The fight was now all left to Captain fish. Then he wound in the slack line. forms. The saving on this much work will pay the entire cost of the Rotospeed. Danielson and Mr. Grey, who were both "There!" he boomed, as he dropt the rod and waved his big hands. "Do you "working" on the big fish. The story Free Trial at Our Risk know what that broadbiU is doin' out there? We offer to place the Rotospeed in your office on trial. We do not employ salesmen. The ma­ concludes, as follows: He's feedin' onflyin'-flsh. He's got hungry, chine must sell itself. Write for our proposi­ tion and the Rotospeed booklet. Let us I an' thought he'd feed up a little. Never show you how others in your line of busi­ knew he was hooked! . . . Eleven hours an' ness are increasing their profits and The two of us, working together, began saving expense the Rotospeed way. to tell on the swordfish. We stopt him. a half—an' he goes to feedin' " Just sign and mail the coupon or We turned him. We got him coming. It was long after midnight when we pin it to your letterhead. Still we could not tell how close we had reached the island. Quite a crowd of fish­ The Rotospeed Tlie him. The one hundred and fifty-foot mark ermen and others interested waited for us Rotospeed had worn off the line. Then, just when our at the pier, and heard our story with disap­ Company Company hopes be^an to mount and we began to pointment and wonder. Some of our an­ 1415 East ^W' *** ^- '••'•''••I St. believe that we could whip him, the great gler friends made light of the swordfish [Third St. ^^ Dayton, Ohio reel went out of gear. The drag refused stunts, especially that one of his chasing Dayton ^^^ Send me, at once. to stick. Dan could wind in the line, but flying-flsh after being fought for more than OIllO ^^^ booklet, Samples of there was no drag to hold it. He had to eleven hours. It did seem strange, improb­ work and details of hold it with his thumbs. This was heart- able. But I had learned that there were Rotospeed Free Trial Offer. I breaking. Yet we seemed to rise to a stranger possibilities than this in connec­ frenzy and worked all the harder. , tion with the life and habits of the deni­ At eleven o'clock, in spite of our handi­ zens of the deep. I shall always be posi­ cap, we had the swordfish coming again. tive of the enormous size of this broadbiU. It looked as if we had the best of him. and that, after being fought for half a day, Eleven and one-half [hours! It did seem and while still hooked, he began chasing that victory would crown our combined flying-fish.

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 96 The Literary Digest for August '21, 1920

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 97

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 98 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 According to simplest mechanics this is favor of successful aquatics, for these where power properly propels. With an simple reasons: (1) Every entering mid­ SPORTS AND ATHLETICS abnormally long reach the blades push shipman is required to pass a rigid physical Continued water away from the sides of the boat and examination and he is in training prac- with a torso swing too far toward the bow tia&lly throughout his four years; (2) they shove the water inward—which is NAVY OARSMEN CHOSEN TO MEET he IS constantly trained to time precision wasted energy and which does not count and accuracy in drill and other things; (3) WORLD'S BEST CREWS ABROAD in putting the boat ahead. Furthermore, the boat-houses are right on the ground; HE fastest eight-oared-shell crew that the long torso swing toward the bow en­ (4) the lower course finishes in front of the either the universities or boat-clubs tails most punishing work on the abdominal buildings and the upper one a short distance T muscles in getting back to the perpen­ of America could develop has lately ar­ away. From the very nature of what is to dicular, which is only the commencement be his life-work, every prospective naval rived in Antwerp, where it will measure of the recovery. oifioer wants to "make the crew." Small blades with the pick of the oarsmen from This is how Glendon does it: There is a wonder then that the Academy has a big the rest of the world in the aquatic part fairly long torso swing toward the stern— squad of potential candidates each year.- of the Olympic games. This boat-load much shorter, however, than that of any Glendon is, on the other hand, under the of great rowing athletes comes from the of the others—and the slide goes a bit aft serious handicap of short hours for rowing of the pin of the rowlock, which makes for practise. United States Naval Academy at Annap­ a good beginning of the leg drive. , The The Middies' style has never been tried olis. It is. equipped with a brand-new leg muscles are the most powerful in the out for four miles, or even three. Some stroke, which has carried it triumphantly human anatomy, and on the extra long judges assert that it would not stand the ahead of the best oarsmen that America sliding seats the Middies get all there is to test of a long race. One Annapolis be gathered from them. At the beginning eould offer, and its crew has plenty of advocate came right back on this argu­ of the stroke the slides (leg drive), body ment with "Why, we'd get so far ahead "beef" and brawn to make the stroke swing, and arm work start together with the of the others before half the distance that count. "The best judges of rowing are idea in each man's head that the eternal we could loaf the rest of the way!" There agreed that the chances of bringing the right angle is to be uppermost for the is no gainsaying the fact that the wonder­ efficiency point. biggest boating prize to America, through ful physique and stamina of these young the efforts of this crew, are exceedingly With the shorter swing the Naval giants are big factors in their ability to Academy men, of course, are able to row stand this stroke. The Olympic distance is bright," says the New York Evening at a higher number of strokes per minute. approximately one and a quarter miles. Post, in which we find this account of the In all their contests this year they were The Naval Academy men will meet the crew and its new stroke: clocked at more beats than the other cream of the eight-oared crews of the crews while the racing was close. How­ world, including the winners of the English At the annual regatta of the National ever, whenever they got safely ahead they Henley. Association of Amateur Oarsmen at Wor­ directly let down. Within certain limits the faster rate means more speed, but it cester, Mass., which decided the American PLAIN TEA AS THE PRIME DRINK championships, the Middies defeated both goes without saying that it is more ex­ Syracuse University (coached by the hausting. FOR THE SPORTSMAN veteran Jim Ten Eyck), which had won the When eight men, averaging 185 pounds T^EA is the drink of the open, in the Intercollegiate Rowing Association regatta in weight, .slide toward the stern at a -•• opinion of many outdoor men who in June, and the Duluth Boat Club rapid rate and suddenly bring up against have experimented with various forms (taught- by the younger Jim Ten Eyck), the stretchers (foot-rests), when stopping which last year held the amateur boat-club the slides, it means a jolt of three-quarters of drink for stimulating and refreshment championship. The Navy and Syracuse of a ton against the stretchers, which re­ purposes on camping trips. Coffee is good, had met this season twice before, each tards the headway of the boat. Also they admit, being a stimulant, and at the having won a race, and between them the sudden shift of this great weight same time possessing a pleasant flavor and they had shown their superiority over the toward the stern, with the swing of the varsity crews of Cornell, Princeton, Har­ men aft, accompanied by the dropping of imparting a delightful aroma to the camp. vard, Yale, Columbia, and Pennsylvania. the upper part of the body in the long But tea, say the tea-fans, has all the ad­ Incidentally, the race at Worcester was the reach, makes the boat settle in the water, vantages of coffee in an intensified degree, most important one that ever had been which, of course, likewise tends to slow it. and, in addition, it is much easier to carry, rowed in this country, as it decided: (1) the Glendon is a past-master in teaching his intervarsity championship; (2> the Amer­ men control of the slides on the recover, being lighter and less liable to deteriorate ican championship, and (3) the crew that so that they gain time during the first under rough camp conditions. As for com­ should go to the Olympics. part, which can be expended in the last paring the virtues of tea, as an outdoor part in slowly stopping the slides, and thus Strange to relate, the rowing style of this drink, with the stronger forms of stimulant obviating, to a great extent, the check to wonder crew is at variance with that of the the headway. that some men used to carry along on their other rowing institutions, and not in ac­ camping trips in the good old ante-Amend­ cordance with the fundamental principles Glendon has been a great student of of the orthodox stroke, which has been rigging and shell construction. In rigging ment days, there's nothing to it. Tea has followed more or less closely by our he places the foot rests so that the hardest them all faded, say the tea men, assever­ universities. part of the kinetic kick comes precisely ating that in a comparison of that kind The writer has been in touch with the when the oar is at the right angle to the it is possible to speak in no uncertain side of the boat. Also there is a hard Navy's rowing development for over terms, tho they do admit that the matter twenty years and coached a Columbia finish of the stroke which keeps, the boat crew that won at Annapolis. Dick Glen- running between strokes. may be more open to question when it don has been the Navy mentor for eighteen The Na\'y coach has struck a model comes to comparing tea with coffee. In an seasons. , This clever coach has worked for his shells that is wonderfully well article in Outing (New York), entitled along the ideas of the old professional adapted for carrying his big, husky men. "Just Tea," one of the tea advocates, M. A. sculler and has thrown all other theories to In his last few races he has used boats the wind. Also, he is a close student of the with a wide, flat floor that carry the heavy Shaw, tells why he likes tea as an outdoor mechanics of rowing. weight well and that ride up in the bow drink. He says: Briefly, Glendon—teaching a compara­ very prettily, "skimming" over the water, tively short, homely, awkward stroke— with consequent small resistance. These It. is not altogether a matter of agree- gets his men to commence to put on their boats were built by Ward, of Edgewater,- ableness. I like coffee. Its odor and its greatest power while the blades are just according to designs by the Navy coach. taste are ravishingly pleasant. But I never a bit forward of the right angle to the The flat bottom and wide floor make for found myself after coffee tackling the hard side of the boat. Glendon's rowing creed Stability and an even keel, which always work of a cruise with the same vim and is: "Stick to- the arc nearest the right spell speed. vigor as after tea. Long before I knew angle." The blade, of course, moves a Glendon's theories certainly have made that it was the effect of tea, I have been negligible distance through the water— good. He has had no "lucky combina­ fairly startled at a transformation in my­ theoretically it should not move at all— tions," as so many coaches have had, but self. Time and time again, I have come but the blade does describe the arc of a he has been a consistent teacher of winning to the noon spell, limp and lagging from circle in relation to the rowlock when the crews for years. a hard morning, and after a lunch with boat is moving ahead and the center of the [ ' It must be said, however, that conditions tea have taken again to paddling in such circle is at the pin of the rowlock, ^ and environment at Annapolis are all in a manner as to discover with a kind of

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 99

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 100 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 the esthetic and decadent periods of th'^ SPORTS AND ATHLETICS '80's and '90's in England could find noth­ H Clamps Continued ing more contemptuous to say of the middle class than that they ate meat with their ff tea. Now surely one will not miss heaven Every shook that I was keyed to a high pitch of for that; but take it as you may, I think vigor. that tea is only at its best as the main ar­ No doubt of it, tea is for me more stim­ ticle of a light meal. It must be largely ulating, more refreshing, than coffee. But sufficient for the time being unto itself, that's only a single instance, utterly im­ occupy the throne—be the delicate -pihce possible to generalize from—and there you Ae resistance of the' sitting. ! are. I have come to this conclusion from my One can speak much more conclusively own experience; for such a light meal in about the difference between tea and the the middle of the day, I have long found to stronger stimulants. These hit the body be the best plan on the cruise. No cooking; rudely—limbs and brain. Not so tea. only fire enough to boil water. But there Refreshment is experienced, but the exact must be tea; it reigns as it were over the moment of it can't be pointed to. One comparatively little feast. It is wonder­ goes on one's way renewed; and that's all fully good at any kind of meal, but put there is to say. Only one can go on one's this in its proper place, given its due re­ way. spect, it is altogether quite incomparably Light The ruder stimulants call for a halt; excellent. Care is bestowed chiefly on it. business can not be as well done while The water is spotlessly clean, the container where their effects last; conviviality and fun spurt immaculate, and everything and everybody out; the higher dignified centers are in ready. you abeyance for a time. Tea calls for no halt. From the moment the water begins to There is no waste or vulgarity about it; sing, there must be no delay; everything want and that may be why woman, the provident, must go step by step—deliberately, of economical, and dignified in all things course, but nevertheless with a certain pre­ it indulges in it so much. cipitancy, as of those anxious to catch the Statistics show its consumption is increas­ proper moment of pleasure. The water ing rapidly even in these coffee-drinking boils, the brew is made, the miracle of drink United States. That must refer to both is taken. Long-boiled water or Avater un- men and women in the crowded places, and fresh spoils it. To leave it long undrunk interests me a great deal. But far more, after it has been made is, in a subtle way, as a camper, I like to think that in out-of- also marring, and overbrewing is fatal; the-way places it has always been a cher­ but just what time should be given to ished drink; that even at this moment, brew differs, I think, with tastes and blends. here and there, far apart, on this flying, whirling planet, tiny men by tinier fires— lonely trappers in white and silent woods; THE NEW BASEBALL RULES SADDEN prospectors in untrod gulches, with hope THE UMPIRE deferred; fishermen on heaving seas—brew HE baseball umpire has been the themselves this simple beverage, and lo! are A<9usto-fite renewed and encouraged. T"goat" for so many years now that it A JHk ©(^FARBERWARE PRODUCT JH^^^^ seems strange, in these days of frenzied Adjusts to any position Mr. Shaw speaks of many open-air men effort to abolish abuses and aid the opprest, NEW wonderful invention— of his acquaintance who drink nothing but that some good Samaritan can't think up a ADJUSTO-LITE, a lamp that you can tea—wood-rangers, trappers, hunters, and Aattach anywhere—to bed, shaving mirror, table, set of rules calculated to relieve the harassed desk or chair. Stands perfectly wherever an prospectors. The Eskimos of Alaska drink arbiter of the national game of some of his ordinary lamp is used. Throws the light ex­ only tea, a beverage of which they are said burdens. No such benefactor has.as yet re­ actly where you need it most. Preventseye to be very fond, and Vilhjalmur Stefansson, strain. Cuts lighting cost. vealed himself, however. On the contrary, Gripping clamp is felt-faced and cannot the polar explorer, carried only tea with the multitude of new rules this season scratch. Compact. Durable. Solid brass. him on his expeditions in the arctic regions. Guaranteed for five years.-—Price $5.7S. not only mix things up and make it hard Ask for Adjusto-Lite at the store Of course, it is understood that some care even for the fans to understand the true where you usually trade. If they don't carry it, order direct. must be used in preparing the tea in order inwardness of the game, but also increase S. W. FARBER, 141-151 So. Fifth St., Brooklyn, N.Y. to get the best results, and Mr. Shaw throws the sorrows of the umpire to an extent Prices inU.S.A.,completewUh8-fooLcord,plug andsockeL out some hints in regard to this matter: Brush Brass Jinished, $5.75; Statuary Bronze or Nickel that will cause said unhappy- individual, finish, $6.25. Pacific Coast prices, 25c per lamp higher. One steeps tea in water that has just long before the season is over, to look back boiled, for about three minutes—and be­ to past years as the golden age. Says a hold the drink! While this is quite the writer in the New York Times: best way for the first cup, the second is likely to be spoiled by long steeping. Some of the changes are well meant, but When I so wish, I overcome this difficulty the burden of them aU falls on the umpire. in a simple manner. I make the infusion If a pitched ball hits the bat while the in a cup, and at the proper time, through batter is trying to get out of the way, a perforated pancake-turner, strain off the ball is dead. Pair enough, but who again into the fire pail. But such a method decides in a doubtful case whether the does not give the best result, because tea batter is trying to dodge or not? The must be brewed in a vessel large enough to umpire. The catcher can not move out allow a more instant infusion of every leaf. of his natural position to aid the pitcher For a single cup, it is better, then, to make in giving an intentional pass. But who the brew in the fire-pail. decides whether the catcher's movements I have always had an odd notion that are inspired by this nefarious purpose or the wood-fire and the open air add to it by some innocent intention? The umpire. in some way. A mere fancy, perhaps. A thrown ball that hits a ooacher is still But whether in the woods or out of it, to in play, to the probable advantage of the get tea at its best requires certain condi­ side at bat, unless the coacher has deliber­ tions. It has its rights and dignities not ately interfered with it, when his side to be violated with impunity. Demand­ incurs considerable penalties. Who de­ ing, for instance, a certain preeminence in cides whether he tried to get out of the importance, it is not at its best as a mere way? The umpire. If a player intention­ A4JustO'T|te after-dinner accessory. ally moistens, discolors, or roughens the ball to assist the pitcher in what are con- ,A M^ •^FARBERWAKE PRODUCT 4N^^^ Oscar Wilde, that outstanding figure of

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 101

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 102 The Literarv Digest for August 21, 1920

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 103 the inside knew the true worth of this quar­ SPORTS AND ATHLETICS tet, and that each possest an exhaustive Continued knowledge of baseball and an unusual abil­ ity to guide and instruct base-runners, coupled with a faculty for "rattling" and "^ ventionally termed "freak deliveries," he worrying opposing players, particularly is put out of the game; if somebody other pitchers. than the pitcher has done it and the real When a team is on the road it usually culprit oan not be discovered, the pitcher is given scant consideration by the out-of- is put out. But a ball which has been town fans, who endeavor to assist the local played with for a little while is sure to be teams to win their games by "riding" the more or less discolored or roughened. Who opposing players. At times the rooters passes upon the assertion, sure to be made become positively malicious, particularly by the captain of the side at bat, that this if there is a chance to fire their alleged wit evil deed has been done "intentionally"? in the general direction of some player who Why, the same all-wise, all-powerfid, and has left the home team to take a more re­ universally hated umpire. Obviously so munerative post with the visiting nine. crushing a burden of responsibility should Hamlet's pointed remark concerning a cer­ not be laid upon any ordinary individual, tain something in Denmark is mild com­ nor should a good citizen and'kind husband pared with the epithets hurled at him. and father be exposed to the embittered And it is in such circumstances that the %>?^fei;^> hostility which the umpire is sure to incur A No. 1, ne plus ultra clowning coach re­ in the course of practically every play. ceives the S. O. S. call to do his durndest Suppose some person of superhuman, to save the day, lest player or players be almost demoniacal, craft lives through the upset and the game tossed away. Possibly Can you tell season, what shall we do with him? Well, the performers who are being annoyed there is a job for him, and he is badly have tried to get back at the fans, swap­ needed. A man who oan be a just and ping roast for roast, but that is a losing accurate umpire under this season's rules line of procedure, for the attention of the a YALE lock must possess a power of seeing into the players should be focused upon their work. human soul, of weighing motives and as­ But the comedian coach rushes to the sessing percentages of purity, such as has rescue, and, more often than not, makes at three yards? never yet been displayed. When such a good. Not bj' calling names, mind you, man is found, set him up as the censor of but by genuinely clever and mirth-pro­ our literature; perhaps he can decide more voking capers does he claim the attention If shape settled it you could. successfully than some of our volunteer of the fans, and soon they are holding their But that narrow slit which takes overseers of art whether a book tends to sides with laughter and forgetting all about a small flat key does not finally "riding" the opposing players. With deprave and corrupt the morals of the identify either the lock or its key. community. grins and grimaces the Humpty-Dumpty of the green diamond brings forth one Go nearer—is the name YALE stunt after another from his bag of tricks, there ? and tho he appears to be having the time BASEBALL COACHES WHO "PUT IT of his life, he really is working harder than The locks and keys that looK OVER" WITH A LAUGH any other man on the ball-field. like YALiE at three yards are up SK the average fan what are the essen­ Personally, I believe that no coach ever against something else at three A tials for a successful baseball team, equaled Nick Altrock as a baseball, clown, feet. and the chances are he'll answer, right off and I'll wager that he has made more per­ Up against the reason that the bat: "Good pitching, hard hitting, and sons laugh heartily than most high-salaried made it worth while for them to comedians of the mimic world. Nick's one- look like: YALE at all. clever management." But if he is a real man wrestling match would force giggles baseball Solomon, says Edwin A, Goewey, from a cigar-store Indian, and his walk on Up against the reason which he will add to his list one other qualifica­ an imaginary tight-rope, imitation golf makes it worth while to find tion of major importance—that is, capable game, and other circus performances car­ YALE there. The name YALE coaching; And the coach who possesses, ried joy with them around the circuit season after season, saved many a game, and on a lock is our signal to you that in addition to cleverness, the ability to tamed many a howling mob. the lock is right. clown and amuse the rain-check holders in "Germany" Schaefer was another genius That name is worth finding on the bleachers is a pearl without price. at clowning, but also sharp as a steel trap any type of lock, on Builders' He frequently "is playing a cunning role, when it came to sizing up a baseball situa­ Hardware, Padlocks, Night misleading the rooters, and making them. tion, and one who could rush a player Latches, Door Closers, Bank around the paths with rapid-fire instruc­ Locks, Chain Blocks, because it his unconscious but wiUing assistants." tions while holding the interest of the fans ineans that the goods will stand Mr. Goewey continues, in Leslie's Weekly: and keeping them laughing. Arlie Latham was of the same school, tho his methods up when the going is the hardest. Permit me, by way of iUustration, to call were different, and of the three he prob­ Specify it. Check ij: up. Don't your attention to four as clever men as ably was the most successful when it came let shape double-cross satisfaction. ever pranced up and down a baseball side­ to worrying players on opposing teatns. line; a quartet of genuine coaching geniuses Hughey Jennings, manager of the De­ The Yale & Towne Mfg. Co. —"Germany" Schaefer, Nick Altrock, troit Tigers, is in a class by himself. His Hughey Jennings, and Arlie Latham. grass-pulling stunts, his weird yeU of Makers of the Yale Locks Every fan familiar with major league base­ "Eee-yah", and his jumping-jack move­ General Offices and Works: Stamford, Conn. ball for the last few years has seen these ments of arms and legs while working on New York Office: 9 East 40th Street men in action, howled with delight at their the coaching lines long interested and Chicago OflSce: 77 East Lake Street buffoonery and, no doubt, has put them amused' the rooters and still are good for Canadian Yale & Towne Ltd. down as the greatest "nut" comedians smiles except from the more blase fans. St, Catharines, Ontario performing elsewhere than behind the But Jennings coupled clever coaching with YaFo Cylinder footlights. his shrieks and gymnastics, and most of Night Latches These players, in the heyday of their his antics actually were in accord with a coaching activities, were just about as prearranged schedule and carried with them "n.utty" as foxes, and the rooters who instructions to his men on the paths and saw in their antics nothing but clowning, at bat. were the ones who really should have worn Another celebrated coach who deserves the motley. While these men did cause a paragraph at this point, simply because laughs a-plenty, their jesting usually his methods were so radically different cloaked the cleverest kind of coaching, and from those of the comedy quartet, is John many a game was won largely in conse­ J. McGraw, manager of the Giants these ^—C°YALEj~^ quence of their skill as directors. Men on many years. "Mac" probably is the best

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 104 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920

PFhy the Fleet Operator Uses Firestones

The fleet operator is a quantity buyer of tires. His is a big investment. He studies his cost sheets from day to day and bases his decision on the results they show.

His fleet is often composed of units of various types and sizes. His tire equip­ ment must also be varied. In Firestones he can get the right tire for every truck—for every load, road and condition of service

The Firestone Cushion Tire meets his widest range of service. It combines the wearing strength of solids with great resiliency. The special cushion shape, greater bulk of rubber, more efficient heat radiation and wider area of road contact are important points in its favor.

Where roads are extremely bad, or where the ground is soft and slippery, he relies on Firestone Giant Cords with Demountable Rims, to bring the load through safely and without delay. It protects fragile goods from breakage, makes faster trucking possible—saves wear and tear on the truck's mechanism.

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 105

For his big trucks that carry heavy, imperishable freight the Firestone Giant Sohd answers his purpose. It assures him long mileage at low cost under the heaviest grinding wear.

The fleet operator is influenced, too, by the hundreds of Firestone truck tire dealers, equipped to give him prompt and expert service, and keep his trucks moving. He must have good service as well as good tires.

The deciding factor, however, is most miles per dollar—proved in the indis­ putable figures of his cost records.

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 106 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 poor coach can kiU many chances. For sired effect he deliberately permitted the SPORTS AND ATHLETICS instance, there is a runner on second and a pitcher to put two strikes over the plate Continued batter hits to the outfield. The former, without making an effort to hit them. as he darts toward third, can not look be­ Luck, however, was with the pinch batter, hind him to see what is taking place. He for he connected with the next ball for a coach the game ever has seen. There is can not tell whether he should continue two-base hit. It was not long after that no jazz in his eilorts; only clear, concise on and try to score, or whether to stop at that the tosser was pounded out of the box. signals flashed with lightning-like rapidity the far corner, and must depend upon the by a baseball master. There was a time coach there to tell him what to do. . Many when he was, probably, the scrappiest and times a coach waves a runner homeward, only to have him put out, and many times AMERICAN AND BRITISH PHYSICAL most quick-tempered individual who ever CHARACTERISTICS AS SHOWN IN worried an umpire, and he often was in hot he holds him at third when the result of the THE OXFORD-PRINCETON MEET water in consequence. But he no longer fielding play proves that he would have is the fighting eoacher of the olden days. scored had he kept on. But coaches, like DIVERGENCE in physique, a dif­ umpires, are human and will make mistakes Instead, on most occasions, he is one of. ference in physical characteristics so at times. As a usual thing the manager A the most orderly men on the diamond, marked that America is credited by one but with his more subdued demeanor there who works in uniform gives the signals for also is a noticeable diminution in the pep the hit-and-run and the squeeze plays from commentator with developing "a distinct displayed by his team. There were many his post on the coaching line, but there are type," was emphasized by the recent meet­ many players whose judgment is so respect­ years when all rivals feared to face the ing between athletic teams representing ed by their managers that they are permit­ Giants in a series, but the reverse is the ted to do this when coaching and who are Princeton and Oxford. The divergence case to-day. I will omit the moral in this sufficiently wise-to know when to send a has often appeared ^efore in Anglo- case at the request of the umpires. player down to try and steal. American contests, and it is expected that It would be practically impossible, says Very often a coach is directly responsible it will appear in a most striking way when the writer, to play the modern game of base­ for rattling opposing players, particularly the reports of the Olympic contests begin ball without good coaching. There was a the pitchers. No doubt you have watched to come in. The New York Times thus games in which a twirler was well-nigh in­ time in the constructive period of the sport, vincible for several innings; then he sud­ points out and discusses the signs of this before it became the scientific pastime that denly "went up in the air" for no apparent difference, which, it says, "many are it is to-day, when the batter went to the reason and was hammered from the box. coming to regard as characteristic of the plate with no further instructions than to You simply decided that he "blew" and two branches of the race": let it go at that; but if you knew the in­ hit the ball as hard and as far as he could, side facts you probably would learn that The Englishmen won all contests in and when the men on the paths ran the some coach with a gift of sarcasm and an which endurance is an element, namely, the bases whenever they decided that the uncanny ability to torment had slowly but quarter-mile, half-mile,. mUe, and three- proper time had arrived. But that was_ surely worn down the nerves of the twirler mile runs. The Americans won the 100- until he lost his sense of judgment, his merely "baseball kindergarten stuff." yard sprint, the 120-yard hurdle race, the curves and spe'ed disappeared, and he was iDroad and high jumps, the shot-put, and If practised to-day it would give the fans helpless. His failure was mental rather the hammer throw—all contests which call about the same amount of pleasure as a than physical. Even men in the in- and for a single burst of nervous and muscular ride in a flivver would furnish a man ac­ out-field can be so annoyed by comment energy. The same difference is revealed customed to driving racing automobiles. and criticism that they can not play their in the world's amateur records, tho there But by degrees the old hit-or-miss style best game. the Americans have gradually pushed to gave way to play along scientific lines, now A capable coach also can be of material the front in the running events up to the generally known as "inside baseball." assistance to his men even when sitting mile. The case is, of course, by no means In the first place, the coach of genuine with ttem on the bench. Possibly a proved, even by such an array of evidence. ability must be as clever with his eyes as pitcher has gone along for several innings In England distance running is a winter a fly and see and note everything which without being scored upon and hit only sport, being fostered by innumerable takes place on the playing field. It is his at infrequent intervals. The players get chases of hare and hounds which wind duty to keep the runner, who can not watch the idea that he "has their number" and along "the footpath way" over the plea­ the players behind him, thoroughly posted; that they can do nothing against him. sant English hills. The Oxford-Cam­ particularly if they endeavor to sneak up But in such a circumstance a wise coach bridge "sports" are held in March._ In behind him to take a quick, snap throw to often can talk his teammates into believing America winter meets are mainly im­ catch him off the base. When a coach that the pitcher really has nothing on the possible. The teams do not report for falls down in this respect the fans have a ball and that they can hit him easily if they training until the ground is dry and the license to roar. will only step right up to the plate boldly and air warm, the intervarsity contests being "bust" the pellet. The coach usually fol­ held toward the end of May and the It also is the duty of the coach to direct amateur championships in midsummer. the runners on extra-base hits. Many lows this up by rushing out to the side-line and working to annoy the pitcher by telling In the frequent spells of hot weather times a batter hits the ball for what ap­ distance running is an overarduous sport, pears to him to be good for two bases. him that he has been playing in luck, that his finish is near, and the like. little favored. All this, of course, may But after he starts tearing toward first he account for the differences that appear can not follow the course of the ball and If the players then get a hit or two an" in international contests. But in the de­ watch the movements of the players as upset is almost sure io result, for the psy­ velopment or modification of races no in­ closely as the coach. The batter, believing chological efi'eet is startling under such fluence of environment is stronger than the hit good for one or more extra bases, conditions. Perhaps the coach will inform chmate; it is highly probable that English­ when in reality it is good but for one, might the twirler, after the first hit, that he is men have been profoundly affected through continue on after tagging the initial cush­ losing his nerve and speed and can't get the centuries by their open winters and ion, only to be caught-out by feet or yards 'em over the plate. If the tosser loses his Americans by their semitropical summers. at second. But the coaoher should be able head, becomes angry, and puts the ball in In the highly interesting and mainly to determine the exact situation between the groove just to demonstrate his skill, his scientific racial studies of Charles E. the time the batter starts running and when tenure of the mound is likely to be but Woodruff it is set down as an ascertained he reaches first, and give the runner instruc­ brief thereafter. fact that no people j;an long withstand the tions whether to stop or continue on. To Here's an actual case in point. In a influence of tropical sunlight. In America, do this, he must judge the runner's speed game at the Polo Grounds the visiting Mr. Woodruff says, the English stock is des­ and that of the fielders, the ability of the pitcher was going along nicely and the tined to suffer decadence, even the ultimate man who gets the ball to make a straight local batsmen were able to do very little extinction of its prime characteristics. throw to the infield, or, if the pellet is to with him. Finally the star coach of the be relayed, the fraction of time it will take home nine was sent to third base and he It is possible, indeed, all but certain, that to complete the play. Quick, accurate persisted in telling his men that the twirler Mr. Woodruff has exaggerated a half truth. thinking by the coach is essential in the really had no speed and that if he went to Races differ widely in adaptability—the .circumstances, for upon his judgment de­ bat against him he could take two strikes Chinese, for example, being far more able pends success or failure. and then hit safely. This line of talk failed to withstand life and labor in the tropics The coach at third base has an even more to produce immediate results and finally the than the Japanese, whose climate range important post than the one at first if there coach was sent in as a pinch hitter. He is extremely narrow. The climate of the is a runner at second. A good nian at appreciated that success or failure depended United States, with all its extremes, is, third can make runs for his team and a upon a bold stroke, and to create the de­ like the English climate, of the kind called

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 107

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 108 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920

SPORTS AND ATHLETICS Continued

temperate. The migrant Englishman finds no great hardship here, and in time comes to endure, even to enjoy, our subtropical summers and subarctic winters. Yet in the lapse of generations his character is modified. Cevrtain physical diilerences are obvious and were long ago seized upon by cartoonist and character actor. Mental differences are almost equally familiar. Thomas Wentworth Higginson wrote of the American's "added drop of nervous fluid," which makes the Yankee alert and inventive. It may be noted that in the field events, in which the Princeton men uniformly triumphed, skill is an element scarcely less important than the explosion of nervous energy. On the whole, we are probably warranted in concluding that America has developed a distinct type and a type not lacking in value and durability.

MISGUIDED BULL GORES GREATEST MATADOR, AND ALL SPAIN MOURNS HE sudden vicious rush of a short­ Thorn black bull that refused to play the game according to rules ended the career of Joselito, "brightest light of the bull-ring," and cast Spain into deep mourn­ ing. The country was swept from end to ardurare jaeis end by a wave of emotion, says the London Times, that "surpassed anything evoked by news of the bloodiest battles of the F in the billions of pieces world-war," and overshadowed even the festival of the Spanish King's birthday. we have sold, comprising When the body of the public idol arrived the GORBIN line of Door at Madrid a multitude met the coffin and and Window Hardware, carried it shoulder high. A silent crowd many composed of several filled the street where he lived, and masses were said from dawn to midday beside the parts, we had not made each coffin. It was visited by the King's aide- part upon honor, the thread de-camp and the Prime Minister, and when of confidence we have built it was borne to the station on the way to up in sixty-eight years all Seville such a concourse collected as the city had rarely seen. The parish clergy in over the world would begin full vestments sang the responses, flowers to break. were showered, and the hearse was buried in wreaths. The reaction brought about Every part is made upon by the death of the beloved fighter has been honor—always will be. And seized upon by advanced Spaniards who there's GORBIN Hardware for years have fought to free their country You'll always find a for Door and Window in any from the horrors of the public bull-ring, to good hardware store develop a nation-wide movement for its near bv. Structure ever built. abolition. The Spaniard's love of the bull­ fight is paradoxical, say^ J. M. Tuohy, Madrid correspondent of the New York World, for they seem to be even-tempered, agreeable, good-natured, and "there is a natural foundation of gentlemanliness in P&F GORBIN these people, whether high or low." Mr. The American Hardware Corporation Successor Tuohy, who saw Joselito some six weeks New Britain Connecticut before his death, gives a very good idea of the great matador's personality: NEW YORK - CHICAGO PHILADELPHIA In Seville a few weeks ago the hotel waiter whispered in my ear: "Gallito, the greatest bull-fighter in Spain, is coming to dine here this evening! You will see him!" It was extremely interesting, but at the same time it was difficult to understand why the waiter should speak in such awe- stricken tones, as tho it were some sort of

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 109

SPORTS AND ATHLETICS Continued sacrilege to mention even his name. Gal- lito, otherwise Josehto, had just returned from a South - American tour of three months with some $200,000 to the good, and his hosts were a party of Argentineans who had crossed with him on the steamer. He duly appeared, and anything more unliliie one's idea of the swaggering, pam­ pered, overbearing idol of the ladies and envy of the men it would be difficult to imagine. Of course he was drest severely in black, the only glimpse of white being an almost clerical collar fastened in front hy two black studs and no necktie. He stood about seventy-one inches tall, with a perfectly formed figure, slim, lithe, J and very graceful. His dark hair was brushed straight from his forehead, his 1 special, outhouse ype for use wifli- features were regular and somewhat deli­ mt running xcater. cate, his chin not partieidarly firm, but his City Comtbrt in eyes glittered with liveliness and good humor. His gipsy origin was not betrayed by Rural Homes any swarthiness of skin. He was in his twenty-fifth year, but, like the people of npHE hostess in the suburbs his race, looked older. Reputedly he already was a millionarie, ••• or on the farm need no but there certainly was none of the bump­ longer feel embarrassed at prim­ tiousness of the self-made man about him. In fact, he was distinctly unpretentious. itive sanitation. When a guest He was at the very zenith of his career— there were no further heights for him to arrives showing the fatigue of attain in his profession, or his science, or a hot, dusty journey, your at­ his art—whichever it may be, forJt is de­ scribed by the Spanish "fans" as all three. tractive bathroom will quickly He was a native of Seville—hailing from the gipsy quarter across the Guadalquivir— banish the discomforts of the and had bought a splendid estanca (man­ trip—hot water on tap, towels sion) in the province, where he proposed to retire when he married his betrothed, a ready, and modern toilet fix­ popular singer. He was killed instead, that day six weeks, tures connected with a SANI­ in the bull-ring at Talavera. He had ac­ SEP system. SANISEP gives cepted an invitation from an amateur bull- breeder to try a new type of animal he had the conveniences of city sewer produced on his stock-farm, which, he main­ tained, would give particularly good sport. service anywhere that running Joselito went, stipulating that the pro­ water is installed. ceeds should be given to a local charity. The bulls are described as being particu­ larly vicious, and didn't play the game ac­ Even more important than cording to the rules. They charged the the welcome of the occasional unfortunate horses before their allotted Enlarged view of visitor, is the daily comfort and time, and, instead of being beguiled into SANISEP tank goring the red mantle, they showed a dis­ shmcn above. position to go for the man flaunting it welfare of your family. Their tauntingly before them. health and happiness are worth It'was in this way Joselito was killed. A particularly fiery and difficult bull a liberal price, but a SANISEP ignored the cloth and gored Joselito, who is moderate in first "cost. That was waving it at him, preparing to give him the happy dispatch with the sword. is the only expense, for SANI­ He had killed l,070bulls in his career and he was killed by his 1,071st. SEP is a self-operating, com- ^ plete sewer service-—no scav- ^^ A Very Still Democrat.—Mr. Bryan, in enging^ no chemicals. ^••^^ , his telegram to his brother declining the & ^' •• [V] Prohibition nomination, said: " I have JT CEMENT not decided yet how I shall vote this fall. CEMENT PRODUCTS COMPANY..*** ^^%"^^^ ... I expect to continue as a member of WILMINGTON NORTH CAROLINA »• Wilmington, N. C. the Democratic party." Which is remi­ .• sendGentlemen me particular; Pleass oef niscent of the late Senator David Bennett Address the branch office nearest to you ^T the"SANISEP"Sewerage Hill's celebrated comment on Mr. Bryan's NEW YORK PITTSBURGH ^ System. I am interested in first nomination: " I am still a Democrat 39 Cortlandt Street Oliver Building D Modern bathroom type D Outhouse installation —very still."—Springfield Republican. OMAHA CHICAGO 602 Paxton Block Standard Oil Building D Dealer's proposition SEATTLE ATLANTA >" Name_ 14 Haller Building 31 Peachtree Arcade An Off-side Play.—News that the Bol- Address- SALT LAKE CITY sheviki have crossed the Bug River shows 204-207 Scott BIdg. they're out of bounds.—Louisville Courier- »• City_ State Journal.

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 110 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 When Ydur SCIENCE ' AND »INVENTION » CONTINUED IS AMERICA GROWING TOO FAST? MERICA lias grown too fast, and the death-rate is low. There is but one out­ A troubles that we are experienoing are standing exception to this rule—France. "acute growing-pains." Such is the diag­ Tho France reduced her births, she failed put on to reduce her deaths as fast as might reason­

[ - • • , , . nosis of Prof. E. M. East, of Harvard, who ably be expected in a country with her writes on "Population" in The Scientific standard of culture. It would not be sur­ Monthly (New York). Professor East does prizing if during the next fifty or one hun­ not limit his assertions to the United States, dred years the excess of births over deaths should go up rather than down in many but extends them to a very large part of the countries. known world. Our own symptoms, how­ "What is to become of this flood of ever, are more familiar to us, and we read of people? To present this matter in a way the proposed remedies with a livelier in­ which wiU bring home the economic and terest. The idea that population always biological consequences of population pres­ sure, let us consider it in some detail as it our greatest tends to outrun food supply has been famil­ affects the United States. We have taken iar since the days of Malthus, the English the census thirteen times, 120 years—not Y care is jus­ clergyman and economist, who defended it a long peiiod as even history is measured. with so much cogency at the end of the In 1790 the population was four million; tified in choos- in 1910 it was ninety-two million. In 1920 eighteenth century. His conclusions have we may expect to have somewhere near i n g your met with more favor among economists one hundred and ten million people. The than with the Church, which has generally tendency toward an almost unbelievable springs. Your condemned them as running counter to the increase is strikingly shown. Let us keep Biblical injunction to "increase and mul­ in mind the possibility of taking care of life may be three hundred million people before all of tiply." Professor East, whose paper was our children have ceased their struggle for at stake. read as the presidential address before the existence, and of supporting some seven American Society of Naturalists, is certain hundred million who wiU compete with our that Malthus was essentially correct, and grandchildren, while we turn our attention We take no to the resources of the country as they chances with that we are proving it here and now in the exist to-day. United States. To quote and summarize VULCAN quality. "I know I shall be termed a preacher Our nameplate his findings: of calamities, but the facts admit of but one conclusion: the law of diminishing goes on every one. "How fast the population of the earth returns is even now in operation in this has increased in the past is an unknown comparatively new country thought to be Thousands o f quantity, and will remain unknown. An supplied with inexhaustible riches." good dealers estimate of the present population or of its carry assorted natural increase is not accurate by any Altho the present epoch has been called means, but is more than a random con­ the age of steel, an apt trade-name for our y stocks of jecture. From the returns of the Regis­ present type of civilization, the period, like trar-General of England, the Census reports VULCAN of the various civilized countries, the State- all ages past and all times to come. Pro­ springs—one men's Year Book, and the opinions of sev­ fessor East asserts, is one of agriculture. your eral travelers in Africa and the Orient, I Ci\dlization, like an army, marches on its estimate that there are at present 1,700 stomach. The present and potential food million people. The annual natural in­ crease, estimated country by country, dis­ supply is what interests us most. Ha regarding the effect of the war, totals not continues: less than fourteen million or more than "It is curious what false ideas in regard sixteen million. to agricultural possibilities are held by so "Consider a moment what these figures many people. Not long ago I asked a well- mean. Not long ago we were asked to trained business man how much more land speed production, to save, to waste nothing, could be brought into cultivation. His off­ that Belgium might be fed and clothed. hand estimate was between four hundred We did this and more. But can we realize and six hundred per cent. We have been that two Belgiums are added to the world's extravagant in our optimism. After the population each year? And all must be expenditure of vast sums, after the com­ fed—tho, perhaps, some need not be pletion of tremendous tasks of engineering, clothed. we can add barely thirty-five per cent, to "It is natural to ask how the Great our present farm area. War affected these estimates. No precise "It would be foolish to maintain that answer to the question can be given, be­ this country can,not support a much larger cause it is just possible that the after-eiJeots population. This is not the economic of this war wiU be unlike the after-effects question before us. The population will of previous wars, in that the birth-rate will continue to increase for years to come, tho continue to be deprest below the prewar more and more slowly as discomfort and figures. Personally, I do not beheve this want become more prevalent. There will will be the case. In spite of wars, not­ be more people, but there will be a more withstanding plagues and pestilences, the strenuous struggle for existence propor­ world goes merrily on obeying to the letter tionate to the increase. the Biblical injunction, 'increase and mul­ "The arguments that have been used tiply.' But is there not a generally de­ concerning diminishing returns in agricul­ Jenkins VULCAN creasing birth-rate? Yes, this is true. ture are not negated by the fact that the The result, however, is not what many United States is still exporting large quan­ would have us believe. The internation tities of food. The prodigal heir may have Spring Company correlation between the birth-rate and a high time before the reckoning comes. death-rate is high. In general, where the The' business on the verge of bankruptcy Richmond, Indiana. birth-rate is high, the death-rate is likewise may be running at the peak of production. high. Where the birth-rate is low, the No one denies that the productivity of tho "

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Lileiaiy Digest for August 21, 1920 111

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 113 And is she not being dispossest of her jinglo- SQENCE AND INVENTION Saxon stock? The birth-rate of our foreign population, coming so largely now from What a Famous Continued eastern and'southern Europe, is so much greater than that of the Anglo-Saxons that United States is at present beyond her within a century the latter will be but a Author Said needs. fraction of the whole. "If pressure upon the means of sub­ "Given the time, these matters may sistence is beginning to l)e felt in thisrc^la- right themselves, but it should not be for­ About Smokers lively new country, if misery and siiff(Ting gotten that it is just such waves of immi- due td overcrowding are approaching—and gi'ation that overturn civilizations before Bulwer Lytton wrote: "The man who who can face the facts and continue to there is time for readjustment. We are en­ smokes thinks like a sage and acts like a doubt—what a dire prospect exists for the tering such a period. We must fight for Samaritan." older countries of the world. And a sad time or accept an overturn of the present That was written when most smokers were feature of the case is the fact that the social order. No doiibt it is desirable to pipe-smokers. It's quite as true today as there be a continuous emigration to those have social changes; it is suicidal to allow when he wrote it. portions of the world where unexploited a sudden economic chaos. Among biolo­ natural wealth still remains, but slight tem­ gists a defense of private property, free Consider your own circle of friends and porary relief will be afforded the countries enterprise, and a competition which does acquaintances. How many of the men of from which the emigrants go. Long before 30und judgment are pipe-smokers? Would you not interfere with social order is unnec­ go to a non-smoker or to a pipe-smoker for a the sparsely populated lands are filled, in essary. These things must be, in order to little financial help to tide you through an the next half-century, in such prosperous bring out the fittest to survive. At the emergency? countries as our own, there must be a shift saine time there must be a regulation of of population from the cities to the farms. the degree of social warfare or a reversion You would prefer to hie you to a man who Coincident with this industrial change, to savagery will result. smokes a pipe—^if you know men. there must be a simplification and probably "What is the answer? As I see it, it is We don't mean for a minute to assert that a lowering in what we are pleased to call this: First, a severe restriction of immi­ men have wisdom or men are kindly mei'ely the standard of living. gration; secondly, ediioation; thirdly, because they are pipe-smokers. But it's "Economically the position of the French equitable readjustment in many of our notable how many of the wise and how many of the kindly you find puiEng away at their people in 1914, with a very slowly increas­ economic customs; lastly, but by no means pipes when you go to them for honest advice or ing population, was extraordinarily good. least, rational marriage selection, a some­ for generous help. Thrift and industry had placed them in the what increased birth-rate in families of forefront of the nations of the world, and high civic value, and among the rank and That concentrated thought which results there was relatively little pressure upon file a restriction of births commensurate in sound judgment, that contented, generous the means of subsistence. They feared with the family resources and the mother's mood which makes you feel kindly disposed two things: first,: immigration of peoples strength. toward others—both certainly are stimulated with lower standards of living and greater by those amiable feelings roused in a man by a "Economically we can not afford a high pipeful of the right tobacco. rates of natural increase, with resulting birth-rate, but it should be out in the proper replacement of the native French; sec­ place. If this be done, it means a fall in Notice how it irritates a man to have to ondly, attack from the east. Both fears the death-rate, in the disease-rate, in the smoke a tobacco not just the right kind for had a real basis, as we know. proportion of misery and poverty." him. "In a country such as the United States The smoking to­ ' ^Z^^^Mi"""^ • ^ bacco perfectly suiting the second fear is groundless. The other a man's individual fear is something more definite, but few THE UNTERRIFIED BREWER Kii&^^^^^tU t' taste is not always give it any attention. The unacknowl­ found easily. edged reason why the politician wants more PROHIBITION has by no means people is to satisfy his longing for greater •*- downed the breweries. The brewer If you haven't yet power; the hidden desire of too many capi­ still brews, turning out non-alcoholic "ce­ ^ found the tobacco which entirely suits talists is for cheap labor. The real objec­ real beverages" by the hogshead; and tion to a declining birth-rate is that it is you, we invite you to try Edgeworth. always selective." with these he is doing very well indeed, ^i^^nmm thank you. Even with an amendment of Edgeworth By this last statement the writer means the Volstead Law, to which he still looks •f^^'l ''^'•'^ORTfi doesn't com­ that when the birth-rate lessens the de­ forward as a distant possibility, he believes pletely suit all "'^0.-, men, but many crease is generally among the citizens that that his non-alcoholic output would still be - •-^'^-.^^/Cf , men . hunting for "" ~'j ,"-••>"••?•._ V we need most. If we could let the unde­ important. There will always be soft just the right to­ sirables die off and stimulate the desirables, i bacco stop looking drinks and soft drinkers, and the brewer ^•'^kv-. •~- around any more a mere decrease in total births might be a has already recognized that their custom after once coming good instead of a bad thing. But as a is by no means negligible—alcohol or no upon Edgeworth. matter of fact it is the alien elements that alcohol. An editorial writer in The Bev­ Possibly you also would hke it. ai'e reproducing fastest. He goes on: erage Journal (Chicago), which used to be Simply set down upon a postcard your name "We have developed too rapidly and The Western Brewer, discussing the recent and address, also that of the dealer you will call are experiencing acute growing-pains in decision of the United States Supreme upon for supplies in case Edgeworth pleases you, various portions of the anatomy of our and we will despatch to you without charge Court, assures his confreres that the market body politic. It is troublesome and should generous samples of, Edgeworth in both forms- Plug Shce and Ready-Rubbed. be attended to, but it is not extremely for cereal beverages is rapidly growing. serious. If we continue as in the past, we With them there is no bother about revenue Edgeworth Plug Shce is pressed into cjikes shall suffer indeed. We must come to real­ tax and a diminution of the old risks and and then .cut into thin, moist slices. One slice rubbed between the hands provides an average ize that if we make the most of our grand expenses, there is no corner saloon to back heritage of democratic ideals left by the pipeful. up, as in the old days, and altho The Bever­ fathers of colonial days, we must change Edgeworth Ready-Rubbed is already rubbed our tactics. age Journal does not mention it, many tor you. You pour it straight from the can "The point, it seems to me, is this: Our citizens are disposed to regard the absence into your pipe. political legacy, our folkways, our Ameri­ of this institution as an advantage in other Both kinds pack nicely, Ught quickly, and canism, are North European, Northern respects also. Says the paper named burn freely and evenly to the very bottom of the Aryan, Nordic. Whatever one wishes to pipe. call it, its origin is not in doubt. Our great above: For the free samples which we would like you men in all lines—statesmen, warriors, writ­ "The brewer has this consolation: The ers, scientists, inventors—came so largely to judge, address Larus & Brother Co., 5 South prospects are excellent for gooc", business 21st Street, Richmond, Va. from this ethnic mixture that if they are in the line of cereal beverages. The gen­ excluded but httle is left. Some one once eral soft-drink business is handicapped to To Retail Tobacco Merchants—If your jobber said: Take from France her hundred great some extent by the sugar shortage, and this cannot supply you with Edgeworth, Larus & Brother Company will gladly send you prepaid ones, and where is France? We may para­ increases the place left open for beverages by parcel post a one- or two-dozen carton of any phrase it thus: Take from Columbia her whose manufacture does not trench upon Anglo-Saxon sons, she is bereaved indeed. size of Edgeworth Plug Slice or Ready-Rubbed the sugar supply. Indeed, the brewer has for the same price you would pay the jobber.

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 114 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED Thf Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 Remember! That in the ordinary storage That in the Still Better 138 Manufacturers Using battery the insulation is the Willard the Threaded Rub­ Threaded Rubber Insulation 1 Acasoti Madison weakest link. ber Insulation is the longest Acme Marmon lived part of the battery. All American Menominee AUis-Chalmers Mercer American LaFrance Mercury That in the ordinary battery That in the Still Better Apex Meteor (Phila.) *Apperson MHC both plates and insulation Willard the wear is cu^ in Armleder •Mitchell Atterbury Murray wear out. halves—for Threaded Rub­ *Aubum McFarlan Austin •McLaughlin ber Insulation does not wear Bacon Napoleon out; it is not affected by the Bell Nash Belmont Ndson solution. Bessemer NSson & LeMooa Betz Noble That with the ordinary bat­ That with the Still Better Biddle Northway Brockway Ogren tery the big expense and Willard the Threaded Rub­ Buffalo Old Hickory •Buick •Olds risk come when you have ber Insulation prevents this Cannonball Oneida Capitol Oshkosh to tear down the battery expense and risk. •Case •Paige and put in new insulation— •Chevrolet Parker Clydesdale ' Peerless perhaps with the result that Cole Peugeot Collier Phianna you ruin the plates. Colonial Pierce-Arrow Comet Premier That in the ordinary battery, That with Threaded Rubber Commerce Preston Commodore Ranier the insulation between the Insulation these faults, Cunningham •Reo plates carbonizes, causing which greatly reduce the Daniels Republic Dart ReVere leakage of current; and per­ efficiency of the battery, Dependable ; Riddle forates, causing short circuits cannot occur. Diamond T Robinson Dixie Flyer Rock Falls and permitting "treeing," Dodge R 86 V Knight Dorris Rowe That the ordinary battery That the Still Better Fargo Sandow Fergus Sayers has to be shipped and, stored Willard with Threaded Rub­ Ferris Seagrave FWD Selden wet or partly wet—aging and ber Insulation is shipped Franklin Service deterioration are almost sure "bone dry," not a drop of Fulton Shelby Garford Signal to take place. moisture in it. It begins GMC Singer service in your car as fresh Giant Southern Glide standard S as when built. Great Western standard Hahn Stanley Willard Service HCS Studebaker Hurlburt Stutz Hawkeye Sunbeam Of, the 191 passenger cars and trucks using Willard Haynes Tarkington Heimey Tiffin Batteries as standard equipment, 138haveadoptedthe Highway Titan Holmes Tow Motor Still Better Willard with Threaded, Rubber Insulation. •FoHolr t Export Transport Hupmobile Traylor Indiana Ultimate Internat'l (I H C) Velie •Kissel Vulcan STORAGKoehler EWar d LaFrance Lancia sWestcott Lexington White BATTER•Liberty YWilso n Luverne Winther Winton Wolverine

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 116 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 protection is no longer available. Every 1496 in the same manner. In this case i SCIENCE AND INVENTION last defect of taste will show in the cereal direct examination revealed large micro­ Continued beverage. The lack of stability will make cocci containing a mierozyme bacilli and itself felt in costly loss, to say nothing of numerous microzymes. The free micro­ undesired fermentations in wood or bottle organisms in the preparation were capable reason to feel that he is making a substan­ that might involve contraventions of law, of movement tial contribution to the comfort of the unintentional but nevertheless punishable. "Encouraged by these first results, we public by tapping a supply of materials for It is quite evident that the trade is realizing were led to inquire whether paper still more beverages which involves the production these requirements of cereal beverages, for ancient would give similar results, and thus of other than cane-sugar from a source in the improvement in quality in these prod­ through the kindness of a learned gentle­ no way affected by the sugar situation. ucts within the last months is simply man we were able to procure some frag­ The more cereal beverages are used, the astounding ments of Chinese manuscripts. It was not I more will the sugar situation be eased, "The man in the street is, as a rule, possible to assign the exact date of this, altho in the public discussion of the sugar opposed to prohibition. It evidently was but we were assured that they dated from situation the importance of prohibition and necessary actually to have prohibition be­ a period long before the discovery of print­ the consequent increase in the demand for fore the people could realize the impending ing. The first of these two specimens (No. sugar drinks have been persistently mini­ danger. Now-they realize it, and the gen­ 1) seemed to be older than the second mized. The brewer will perform a distinct eral impression appears to be that they do (No. 2) and was more resistant." service to the country by pushing the man­ not like it. Whether this dislike is strong ufacture and sale of cereal beverages and enough and of sufficient extent to secure Both these Chinese specimens also easing the demand for sugar drinks. Is it the election of a Congress that will enact possible to hope that for once the brewer a more liberal limit of alcohol content is a yielded bacilli, some of them obviously in I will get credit for a useful activity? question that only the future can decide. motion. The writer goes on: "The demand for cereal beverages is One may hope that a favorable turn will rapidly increasing. For this the brewer has come. But at 'best it wiU take time, and "These very remarkable results Hred Mr. himself to thank. Until recently, while meanwhile there is no need for the brewer Galippe's interest to such an extent that ,' the hope held out that beer might come to allow his plant to be idle. Cereal bev­ he determined to carry the question of- the i back, he did not go into the manufacture erages offer a good market, and, even if long life of these little Methuselahs stiU I of cereal beverages in a whole-hearted beer should come back, there will remain further. From a well-known Egyptologist, manner. It was difficult for him to realize considerable demand for them." Mr. Benedite, he succeeded in obtaining i that prohibition had actually come, and fragments of papyrus belonging to the i come to stay—^for a while, at least. To time of the Ptolemys, i.e., about two thou­ abandon the faith of a lifetime was a psy­ MICROBIAN METHUSELAHS? sand years before the Christian era. Upon chological torment which only time and the bits Of this papyrus were sown culture i final conviction of the futility of further ICROORGANISMS found in paper mediums. One of them was subjected to contest could end. That end has been M are described in a report made to direct examination after being torn asunder reached. The brewer has seriously studied the French Academy of Sciences last No­ and colored as usual. The large cells of the epidermis remained united and were the production of cereal beverages. From vember by Yves Delage, detailing recent a despised stop-gap, the cereal beverage has found to be unaltered. Some of these ! become a real drink of individual merit and experiments by Galippe, a French bacte­ cells were empty, whereas others contained permanency. The quality of cereal bev­ riologist. Not only does modern paper microorganisms of various forms. Among ; erages has advanced almost incredibly harbor bacteria, but the experimenter found these we distinguished large spherical bod­ ies, rods arranged in chains, ovoid bacilli, j within the last year. The scoffs and jibes in papyrus two thousand years old organ­ at 'near-beer' are dying out. A genuine micrococci, and diplococci. After three hours liking for cereal beverages is setting in. isms that live in the growing papyrus plant. of hydration these intracellular micro­ He concludes that these organisms have organisms, which had remained motionless "When prohibition began to be actual, survived during these centuries, as they for so many centuries, all began to move. ' there was hope among the people that After the lapse "of twenty-four hoprs cul­ something new would be developed that could scarcely have grown and midtiplied tures made with them exhibited signs that could, in a measure, take the place of beer. in desiccated tissue. An abstract of the. they were multiplying and developing— While many new beverages have come, Galippe report in English is printed in the mitochondria forms as well as the this hope has not been fulfilled by any of The Scientific American Monthly (New various microorganisms observed in the the new sugar drinks. Many of them have direct examination. become popular and are being used in large York, July). Galippe declares that every quantities. Many of them have been de­ sort of paper contains in its fibers living "These startling and unexpected results veloped by brewers and have taken a per­ organisms capable of being cultivated. of the revival of life in organisms as dead apparently as Pharaoh's mummy induced 1 manent place among the beverages of the He says: country with the assurance of a big ex­ the investigator to continue his researches i panding market. But the drink that could, "I have made use for many years of with a slight modification of technique. in a measure, take the place of beer did not filter paper sterilized in the autoclave at Fragments of the aforesaid papyrus were come from that source. The only drink a temperature of 120° C. for a period macerated in pure ether to free them of that in any degree at all answers the re­ of half an hour. A direct examination of the resinous matters contained which had quirement is the cereal beverage. It satis­ such sterilized filter . . . shows that it rendered the observations somewhat. dif­ fies the demand for something different contains within its framework, and partic­ ficult. When the fragments thus mace­ from a sweet drink and something that one ularly in its fibers, a large number of ovoid rated were treated as before they exhibited 1 will drink aside from a mere desire to bacilli united in a mass. Those which we the same results, except that the intra­ quench thirst. isolated were capable of movement. Sev­ cellular microorganisms were found to be i endowed with movement. "There is thus an assured market for eral plantings of these were made with the cereal beverage, and a market that is positive results "Finally, the series of experiments was rapidly growing. While, of course, it was "It occurred to me to inquire what in­ completed by making an anatomical and I idle to expect that cereal beverages will fluence time might have upon such living bacteriological examination of the plant ever be used to an equal extent as beer was creatures contained in paper. My re­ from which the ancient papyrus was made in its day, still there wiU be a good, grow­ searches extended to papers manufactured ^the Cyperus Papyrus. It is interesting ing business, and, considering the freedom in the eighteenth century and even in the to learn that when the epidermis of the from the burdensome internal-revenue tax fifteenth century. . . . Fragments of paper stalk of this plant with all its leaf-sheaths of former days and the absence of the risks, were placed in contact with sterilized dis­ was examined some organisms were dis- i expenses, and investments of retail stands, tilled water frequently stirred. These covered that had been first found in the i the business will be more profitable pro­ fragments were afterward dried and al­ papyrus of the Ptolemaic era. In the cells portionate to the capital and labor in­ lowed to remain for several hours in steril­ of the fibers and in the cultures made there­ volved. The brewer can do no better than ized water which was supersaturated with with, similar mitochondria forms were found i to throw himself into the business with a ether. Then after having been dried again as well as ovoid bacilli, rods, and numerous i will. these fragments were planted with cultures. microzymes, endowed with motion. "One thing is necessary above all things: The eighteenth-century paper thus treated "Previous researches made by Mr. Ga­ in cereal beverages quality is the supreme was examined directly after dilaeeration lippe, with the aid of Madame G. Souffland, j requirement. In beer there was always the and coloration, and it was found that have likewise established the high degree i alcohol that was able to mask imperfections its fibers contained a certain number of of resistance to the intracellular organisms in taste and, by supplying a mild stimula^ ovoid bacilli. . . -, The experimenter next to the action of heat and to various chem­ tion, make up for other shortcomings. This treated paper from a book printed in icals. Hence these microscopic living crea- i

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 11.7

to users of the ne\v Gillette the Bitf Fellow

ou big-handed that the Big Fellow men had been was Gillette all the Ywaiting a long time way through—even to for the shave that you the standard size Gil­ get with the Big Fel­ lette Blade that you low, just insert and shave. You had your own As one of the first ideas about the feel of to want the Big Fel­ a razor—in your hand low, it must indeed and on your beard. be gratifying to you Yourecognizedjthe the way it is confirming instant you picked up your judgment, shave the Big Fellow, what after shave. the poise of the long And to learn that al­ heavy handle, the nice though scarcely three balance of the broad, months old it is selling sturdy head, were go­ at such a rate that ing to do for your we are already hard shaving comfort. Es­ pressed for enough Big pecially when you saw Fellows to go around. No Stropping-No Honing

illeiiU. S. A. e Qitette KNOWN THE WOSLOOVER Boston Canadian Factory: New York Paris Copenhagen Sydney Saloniki 73St. Alexander St. Chicago Madrid Amsterdam Shanghai Port Elizabeth Montreal, Quebec San Francisco , Milan Geneva Singapore Rio de Janeiro London Brussels Buenos Aires Calcutta Tokyo

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 1 SCIENCE AND INVENTION To BED Continued tures, whose very existence was so long unsuspected, appear to be really entitled WARM and HAPPY to the name of minute Methuselahs."

A NEW ARMY JOB: FLIGHT SURGEON OEFORB an airplane is taken out for -•—' flight the mechanicians must look i# over its engine, control-gears, sheets, and wings. But it is only recently that a much more vital part of the flying com­ bination—namely, the aviator himself— has been thoroughly inspected before he is allowed to perform his functions. This \. "X THEN the c h i 1 cl r L' n s a y inspection is now performed by a special '.'Good Night" to you, do medical officer, the "flight surgeon," who W they always have warm, is really "a new specialist in medicine," comfortable bedrooms to go to? Be­ as described by Dr. W. L. Sheep, of fore bedtime, can they romp about anywhere in the Washington, D. C, in The Journal of the house, play on the floors with assurance that they American Medical Association (Chicago). arc warm and safe ? The flight surgeon, Dr. Sheep explains, bears the same relation to aviation as does the Yoii know it is a great advantage to them to have winter- specialist in preventive medicine to man- long iVei-cloni of Ihc whole house—to play and develop as they Idnd in general. Both are concerned with should under 1 he protection of even warmth everywhere. the prevention of disabiUty and the main­ tenance of physical efficiency. As a knowledge of diseases is essential in order inTERn/moN^L to make inteUigent efforts for their pre­ vention, so a knowledge of the special OHEPIPE HE/TTER ailments to which the flier is subject is is so simple to install and so economical with fuel that it pro­ necessary in order that they may be pre­ vides those heating coniforts at a cost per year that is usually vented or reduced to a minimum. He Itss and seldom more than that for out-of-date stoves. continues: And Vv'hcn you pui in an International Onepipe, you are gcitinf; a big. thoroughly reliable heater, scientifically con­ "When the United States entered the structed by a Company that knows world-war and there began an immediate how, through 75 years' experience in and great increase in avitaion activities, '."" ' " ••• " '-'"- making finest heating apparatus of it early became apparent that, after men had undergone a thorough and special all types. Register is big, correctly physical examination and were found fit proportioned, to circulate big to fly, the most important work of the volumes of warmed air from little Medical Division of the Air Service was to fuel. Triple, asbestos-lined inner keep these selected men under constant casing keeps heat in and your supervision to see that they remained fit to cellar cool. fly, and to remove from flying those who It's a strong, rugged heater that became unfit. The necessity for such a procedure was made obvious by a report will be a constant source of satisfac­ from overseas that the British, French, tion to you for many years. and Italians, by information derived from Write for Catalog carefully compiled statistics, had come to the conclusion that ninety per cent, of With the catalog we offer a chart aviation casualties was due to troubles and question blank which, when filled with the fliers, eight per cent, to defective out and returned, will enable our ex­ airplanes, and two per cent, to the Huns; perienced engineers to give you heat­ further, that by proper medical supervision ing advice which will be unbiased, of fliers, the British in two years reduced since we make all types of heating this ninety per cent, of casualties to apparatus. twelve per cent. "These so-called 'troubles' of the fliers InTERI1imOI1/!L tiBMER were made the subject of special study by Cop)P/iny competent experts. Medical officers were Makers of assigned to duty at flying-fields for the Boilers, Furnaces and Onepipe Heaters purpose of obtaining all possible informa­ l-''! T Hifilii Siini X'lii I NiwY.iilv tion concerning ills and accidents of fliers, research laboratories for study and experi­ / / \\i fi N mentation were estabished at certain of .,.-,^.,-^wp.'=^ • • "• '• II •' the fields, frequent reexaminations of fliers were conducted, and all of the knowledge acquired thereby was assembled and put into shape for the training of medical ofiioers who were to qualify for the special ll1T£RI14riOKflL medical work required by the Air Service. Thus there evolved a new specialist in medicine—the flight surgeon...... "Instruction prescribed for medical of­ OHEPIPE HE/TTER ficers who desire to qualify as flight sur-

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 119 m

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 120 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920

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/, "J * 1 -! ^ / ^t c N«J /M ii It may be years before we I can say that more Majestic Cords are in use than any * * f ;} f/ other make. It is possible right now, how­ € ever, for us to say that Majestic Cords are so good ^^ z' that users acknowledge ^ them to be the most satis­ factory tires in the world.

By actual merit—the only ^W//0\IWM/T' route we know—we are i&-OVERMK'vKi; J hi seeking earnestly and $ painstakingly a strong rep­ • ji ' i utation. ti- Majestic Tubes are ^nO unusually dependable f^t P MAJESTIC TIRE & RUBBER CO. ;^V,SI^^ INDIANAPOLIS, U. S. A. *r/>^

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PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 121

SCIENCE AND INVENTION Continued geons ... is given at the central Medical: Research Laboratory, and consists of lec­ tures, demonstrations, and practical work m normal physiology of respiration and "The Bixler circulation and in the physiology of respira­ Girl" tion and circulation of the flier when ex­ posed to high altitudes. The ability to' differentiate . . . all types of valvular heart- disease is acquired from clinics and lec­ tures. Methods of new and special ex­ aminations of the ophthalmologic and otologic apparatus are taught, and each --") student flight siu-geon is required to make a number of complete examinations of the eye and the ear. . . . Special attention is devoted to the making of. personality studies. In psychology the instruction sonsists of a study of elementary psycho­ logic methods and the psychology of aviation, a subject which has to do with ( ) ihe mental adaptability of the flier to the work required of him. In physics, such jriatters as oxygen - supply apparatus, ^.viators' goggles, and the rebreathing ap­ paratus for the detection of staleness and ihe classification of fliers are given study Many Dealers Are Now Selling ^nd practical demonstration. The whole 30urse of instruction requires two months Jewelry TVho Used To Think if intensive work. 55 "After its completion, and on being It JVas "Out of Their Line i.ssigned to flying-flelds for duty, flight sur­ geons are encouraged to take flying in­ struction and to qualify as air pilots, Do you know that you can now buy the newest i'hey can thus by experience in the air designs of fine quality, beautiful Bixler Staple 3omprehend the psychology of . flying. Jewelry in such stores as Dry Goods, Millinery, H'rom the study of the sensations produced General Merchandise, Drug, Clothing and Hard­ luring flight they gain a wealth of in- ware ? Even grocery and shoe stores are putting ormation of inestimable value in dealing v/ith fliers under their charge. They have in the Bixler Display Case with its line of rings, H. true appreciation of the stress which at brooches, bracelets, lavallieres, watch chains, ill times the flier undergoes, the symptoms watch fobs, scarf pins, etc. )rought on by flying at high altitudes, and jhe physical and mental exhaustion in- liident to prolonged flights. They may i.cquire a personal knowledge of the mani- estations of flying 'staleness,' that most ;iais3ili^ Ft- nsidious and dangerous ailment of fliers, STAPLE JEWELRY .vhich may exist when the subjects them­ Guaranteed selves are not aware of it, but which the iompetent observer usually detects with- Bixler Staple Jewelry is sold under an absolute guarantee. )ut difficulty. Further, they have a bond It embraces medium-priced articles that can be worn every n common with their fellow fliers, and it day. No luxuries. No novelties or fads, but attractive pieces I as been observed that on this account •reater confldence is reposed in them by the at popular prices within reach of persons of "average income." liers "The flight surgeon should be out on Dealers the line with the fliers during the hours, that flj'ing is actively engaged in. The Now is the time to buy. Be •nechanicians look over the engine, the ready for the big fail season. Fill 3ontrol gears, and the struts and wings of out the coupon—attach it to your Ihe airplane before it is taken out for business stationery and mail it to light. How much more important it is that us today for full information. the flier, the 'heart and brains of the whole lying apparatus,' as one flight surgeon expresses it, should be talked with and critically, if but momentarily, observed Miles F. Bixler Co. / jefore he is allowed to go up into the air! "On recommendation of the flight sur- 1924-32 Euclid Ave. ''eon, the commanding officer of an Air Department 33 Cleveland, Ohio service station may at any time remove a The nan from flying duty. While the most Miles F. mportant part of the flight surgeon's Men and Women who are Bixler Co. work is in instituting measures for keeping Cleveland, Ohio "iiers in good physical condition, it is interested in beautiful Gentlemen: worth while to state that of 1,600 fliers things in jewelry may have, Send, without oblig:at!on, full n the United States in 1919 of whom there for the asking, a copy of particulars telling: bow 1 can open a _,.-*"' profitable Bixler Staple Jewelry De­ is a record, 808 were temporarily dis­ our booklet "Jewelry That partment in my store. qualified for flying on account of physical Pleases." Name disability and thirty were permanently Line of Business^ disqualified. City_ State "The flight surgeon is required to pre­ pare and send in to the oifiee of the chief

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 122 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920

SCIENCE AND INVENTION Continued

surgeon, Air Service, at frequent intervals, standardized reports on fliers. Some of these reports deserve special mention in that the information they furnish gives an idea of the valuable statistics which the i central offi.ce is enabled to compile. The 'Crash' report, sent in from a station whenever there is an injury to a flier or serious damage to an airplane, covers the date of beginning of training of flier; hours of dual and solo instruction; hours flown during past month; duration of last flight; number of previous crashes; result of crash; cause of crash; type of plane, etc. The 'Care of Flier' report is submitted weekly from each station. It gives the total number of fliers on duty at the station; the number of hours of flying; number of fliers temporarily removed from flying duty by the commanding officer on recommendation of the flight surgeon; cause of disability in each ease reported on; statement as to whether physical examination records are on flle for all fliers at the station, and other data.

ACIDS IN LUBRICANTS S a lubricating oil is intended to make A a machine run smoothly, one would ( think that freedom from acids would be \ an absolute necessity for it. Acids corrode metals and destroy the smoothness of a polished surface. It is somewhat discon­ certing, therefore, to learn that machinists are actually putting acid into their oils and improving oils of poor quality by so doing. It has long been known that animal and vegetable oils make better lubricants than mineral oils, and the reason now appears in the fact that the former contain fatty Complete desk equipment acids. By adding the proper proportion When the army acquires athousand newmen, of these to the mineral oils their lubricating everything aboutthemisill-matched. But the value may be raised to that of the others, i uniform rubs out differences big and little. It This device is called by its inventors "the gives them smartness, tone, swank. germ process"—the acid being looked upon No big business can afford to have ill-matched as the germ or basic principle of lubricating desks in its offices, general or private. Woods value. The following extracts are from a which do not match in color or finish, and paper by Henry M. Wells and James E. designs which do not harmonize, express Southcombe, presented to the London anything but success. Society of Chemical Industry and reprinted Cutler Desks are designed to express success in The Scientific American Monthly (New and are made in complete lines so that roll York). Say these writers: tops, flat tops and typewriter desks may be had in the same harmonious design. Just as "It may not be out of place here to privates and captains both wear khaki. review the position of our knowledge of lubricants and lubrication. To get in touch with the nearest Cutler Dealer "Prof. C. V. Boys, in his presidential ad­ is usually to find the most successful office dress to the Physical Society in 1908, crys­ equipment man in town. Ask us for his name tallized the position very happily in these and for descriptive literature. words: '"It was found that the lubricating Cutler Desk Company property of oil depended on something which at present is unknown. It is not 20-64 Churchill Street Buffalo, N. Y. viscosity—animal and vegetable oils lubri­ Also manufacturers of the Cutler Kiln, cate better, i.e., they are more 'slippery' applicable to sU drying processes than mineral oils of the same viscosity, and tho the oil trade has known how to make good 'slippery' mixtures, no one at present knows what 'oiliness' is, and this is at the present time an important physical quest of the engineer.' "Again, Prof J. -S. Brame has said that 'the property of "oiliness" was one of the most puzzling of the properties of oils. By some it was regarded as unnecessary tc

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest, for August 21, 1920 123

Oratory such as the ancients never dreamed of—word- power of a new sort! In the politics of today the Mimeograph is per­ forming many remarkable functions. From out of its flying wheels are coming the hot messages of the hour—to conventions, to del egates, helpers, voters. Because it is the speediest and most expedient means of get­ ting important communications into the hands of many, it commands a multitude such as no Demos­ thenes ever swayed. Within an hour it deHvers five thousand well printed copies of any typewritten sheet. Diagrams, drawings, etc., are easily duplicated in the same operation. Throughout the world, business and educational institutions are finding it a quick means of cutting costs and increasing efficiency. Why not get our booklet "L-8" today? A. B. Dick Company, Chicago—and New York.

iiiiiiii \ 'IJMHOMHal3 l aiiii| iiiiiii J lErijl liiH ••i%lil MM iMMA p",/

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED 124 The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 SCIENCE AND INVENTION i Continued 1

ONNEGTICDT connect it with viscosity directly, since was possest in a much greater degree b G some flxt oils than by many mineral oil I which had practically the same viscosity "It is necessary to distinguish clearL! ft IX between two distinct classes of lubricatinf; practise. On the one hand, we have th' lubrication of fast-moving shafts, etc supplied with a large excess of oil frequent' under pressure, and in this case the frii_ tional values are dependent primarily upoi i the viscosity of the oil. On the other hand I we have to deal with slow speeds at higL i bearing pressures, frequently with a vei limited supply of oil, and it is in the, , cases that the special property of ' oilines or 'body' is requisite to maintain the fill "What are the possible physical prope ties of a liquid which influence its charaote as a lubricant? They are viscosity, de sity, capillarity or surface tension, comprt sibility, and tensile strength. Only a liqu which 'wets' or 'spreads over' the sol can constitute a true lubricant, because order for the liquid to force itself into t', narrower spaces of higher pressure, it ' essential on capillary grounds that ti_ said liquid shall 'wet' the solid surfaces^

The bearing of this fact appears in fc ' earlier researches of the authors, whi(' showed that it is the animal and vegetab'f oils that "wet" or spread over the sur faces on which they are used, and that tte presence of acids enables them to do thisJ They go on:

"If a substance be added to an oil whie ^-iiA^i'StS^-- brings about a lowering of interfaeial tei i sion, such addition will act favorably ? far as lubrication is concerned by preven ing a rupture of the liquid film and pn Full Current—And What It venting in turn the metals from comint in direct contact. "The capacity for spreading may h{ Means to Gasoline considered as partly physical and partb chemical. The effect is to render the tra5= ] I v. (]!()iincciiciil System is free lo deliver the sition layer between the liquid and soF less abrupt. Oiliness depends on the oherf Thatlery's full current to your c\ lintlers because ical forces called into play between the ac_ no resistance lias been set up anywiiere alonj; tive part of the oil molecule and the soh^ (he line to cut down tbe flow. surfaces of the bearing. "Now it is obvious that there is a tea I'uli current means a fat, easier spark which lires dency for chemical activity between th> metallic surfaces of bearing and journal an'-- iapiill\ and completel> even today's Jow-.^rade an oil containing free fatty acidity, whih fuels. such tendencies are less pronounced in th- case of a neutral mineral oil. '! lial fat spark is necessary to s«el the maximum "Through the courtesy of one of th. largest engineering firms in the country w. miles per j-allon from your gasoline. \\ ilh {Jasoline have been enabled to make a series of mea at .v^ cents—full current will pre\ ent high fuel bills. surements in a large friction-testing machine The results afford great support to th< riie .Xutomatic Switch jniiion S> stem be on the "We should here mention that this prin­ ciple of making lubricating oils by adding j next car \ou buv r to mineral oils small quantities of fatty acids or substances which lower the inter- facial tension has been accepted by the Patent Offices in all civilized countries. CONNECTICUT JltS!;Sl!cTOMPANY "Not a single failure has occurred in t Moridi?!i Coi'.uocticut practise of an oil or an oil' essence' made on the ' germ process' as a reliable lubricating oil when used for the purpose for which it 1 Avas supplied."

PRODUCED BY UNZ.ORG ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED The Literary Digest for August 21, 1920 125 Records

/ l' :•] '-$7^'^

Fifty-Hour Record—An • tdianapoUs Speedway Essex stock car, in a gruel­ -Ten cars finished in the ling fifty-hour grind, cov­ )20 International 500- ered three thousand and 'ile Speedway Classic at thirty-seven miles, aver­ dianapolis. Seven of aging 60.7 miles an hour. lese cars, including the The perfect performance inning Monroe Special, of Delco starting, lighting riven by Gaston Chev- and ignition equipment olet, were equipped with was an important factor )elco Ignition. ^^^'-'fel^ in the establishment of this record.

Every-Day Record—The record of Delco performance on more than a million motor cars, day in and day out, on

Speed—"Tommy"Milton all kinds of roads in every 'shot his Delco-equipped part of the world is cherished Trans-Atlantic Record Ouesenberg car along Day- —In his report on the jna Beach at the fastest by The Dayton Engineering memorable flight across •ace man ever travelled the Atlantic, Lieutenant Laboratories Company even Commander Read wrote: in the surface of the earth "The engines functioned —at the rate of 156 miles more than the accompanying perfectly all the way from per hour. This speed ignition achievements of note. America to Portugal." established seven world These words constitute a records and once again None but the ow^ners of genuine tribute to Delco demonstrated Delco igni- Ignition dependability— ion efficiency. cars Delco'equipped can fully when dependability was appreciate the assurance of vital. contentment Delco dependa­ bility gives to every automc bile trip, for business or pleasure. The daily records of Delco reliability are so constant in repetition as Altitude—Major Schroe- der's spectacular climb scarcely to cause comment. Trans-Continental into the heavens February Record—A seven-passen­ 27, 1920, for a world's atti­ ger Hudson phaeton stock tude record, was achieved car equipped with Delco with a Liberty Motor starting, lighting and ig­ equipped with Delco Igni­ nition covered 7,000 miles tion. The Bureau of from San Francisco to New Standards' official cali­ York and return in the bration showed a height Delco remarkable record-break­ of 33,000 feet above sea ing time of 10 days, 21 level. hours.

THE DAYTON ENGINEERING LABORATORIES CO DAYTON. OHIO U . S A.

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(kilns WHAT THE NEW FREIGHT-RATES OUGHT TO ADD TC COMMODITY PRICES V'rli-^ E are being warned on every hand three cents a dozen, and in less than ear- Wby government officials, financial load lots would be under three and one- writers, and railroad men tliat attempts half cents a dozen. C". may be made to take advantage of the Under the new rates the increase in thc um freight charges for shipping early potatoes freight-rate increase for the purpose of jus­ from southern New Jersey or Virginia tifying profiteering. Mr. George Dallas points to Philadelphia would amount toi You Can Make Dixon, traffic vice-president of the Penn­ 3r.3 cents and 6.1 cents per bushel respeo-f sylvania system, is one of many to insist tively. The housekeeper in the larger citien who buys poiatoes by the peck ought, therefore,, that while some small increases in price «S00to$1000 not to be charged more than one cent addi­ a Month Milling may be justified, nevertholetis "the amounts tional for each peck of potatoes purchased. which in any instance could fairly be added The increased charge on apples from' "B^yro'TLmh to the present prices arc a very small frac­ New York State to Philadelphia would be in your coirimunityonthi«New Wonder­ tion of the whole, and in the case of prac­ but sixteen cents a barrel. If shipped ia ful Mill—no previous milling experience tically every article or commodity of daily less than car-load lots Ihis would amounti necessary. to twenty-five and one-half cents a barrel' Be a Miller consumption the increases in transporta­ Worked down to a peck or half-peck quan i and hare a dignified, permanent busi­ tion charges are relatively so small as to ness tliat will earn you steady profits the tity the increase is a matter of a few cents- entire year. be practically negligible." This railway On packing-house products such as hani Grind your home-grown wheat, supply your community with flour and feed. You man then proceeds to note the actual in­ bacon, lard, and canned meats shippet save the freight on the wheat going out, from Chicago to Philadelphia in car-loai and the flour and feed coming in. creases in the freight charges apphed to Besides earning the regular milling lots, after the advanced rates become ef profits you get the extra profit of making typical hauls on a number of every-day "A BETTER BARREI< OF FI,OUR fective the increased charge will be l.i CHEAPER" on the famous "MIDGET articles of food and clothing: mills on each pound, while in less thar MARVEI,." The new process, self-con­ tained, one-man, roller flour mill that is revolutionizing the milling industry. It Increase in Freight Charges requires less than half the powerand labor When in When in Less of the usual roller mill and makes a Artide From To Car-load Lots Than Car-load Lois creamy white, better flavored flour that One suit men's clolhing Baltimore Philadelpliia retains the health building vitamiues and 6 mills the natural sweet flavor of the wheat. One pair men's shoes Boston Philadelphia 6 " Our customers are given the privilege of One barrel flour {200 lbs.) , Minneapolis Philadelphia 33 cents using our Nationally advertised Brand. One crate eggs (30 dozen) , Ciiicago J Philadelphia 15.4 " 20.6 cents One tub butter {28 lbs.) Cliicago Philadelphia 8.2 " 10.8 " One crate oranges {80 lbs.) Lakeland, Ha. Philadelphia 30.6 " 34.2 " "Hra^a" BUwTr One bushel potatoes Swedesboro, N. J. Philadelphia 3.3 '• 3.6 " -i^Famousfolf its Flavor" One biishel potatoes Exmore, Va. Philadelphia 5.1 '• 5.5 " We furnish the sacks with your name printed on them. OUR SERVICE DE­ One barrel apples Penn Yann, N. Y. Philadelphia 16 " 23.5 " PARTMENT examines samples of your Canned fruits and vegetables (2-lb. cans) .. Baltimore, Md. Philadelphia 1.2 mills 1.7 mills flour every thirty days and keeps your Canned fruits and vegetables (2-lb. cans) Kttsburg, Pa. Philadelphia 2 " 2.8 " products up to our high "Flavo" stand­ ard. We start you in business with our Canned fruits and vegetables {2-Ib. cans) Cambridge, Md. Philadelphia 1.1 " 1.6 •' "Confidential Selling Plans" and teach Brest meats (per lb.) Chicago, 111. Philadelphia 2.7 " 4.4 " you the business of milling and selling Packing-house products {per lb.) Chicago, 111. Philadelphia 1.7 " 2.4 " flour. You can start in this most delijrht- fuUy profitable busi- - j ness, with our 15 " ,' With these figures before us, says Mr. car - load lots ithis will be 2.4 mills. barrels per day mill i Dixon, let us see what they mean "to the These references are made to the effect with as little as $3,500 ..... \ the increase in freight-rates will have oni household consumer, who buys flour by the capital. Other sizes up "^ij-' . vi* i shipments between some of the principal 1 to) 00 barrels. ''3^^ sack, eggs and oranges by the dozen, and Over 20013 communi- '* , >. ..-, centers merely as an illustration. The, ties already have Mid­ m butter by the pound." general increase in rates wiH result in sub­ get Marvel Mills. Start stantially similar increases in charges be­ now milling "Flavo" Most fiour is shipped in ear-load lots. Flour in your own com- Jjte^^ . tween other points. munity before some T^.>:';'*^ Taking the rate from Minneapolis to Phil­ one else takes advan­ tage of this wonderful i_ ••-•,•:.. \ adelphia, the forty per cent, increase will Another interesting estimate of the effect i opportunity. ~ ' ' " amount to thirty-three cents per barrel of of the new freight-rates on the cost of living ITriU today for our Trie Bool, "The Sttty tfa two hundred pounds. On a twenty-four- Wonderful Flour Mill," has been prepared by the experts of the The Anglo-American Mill Co. pound sack of flour this wiU be just a trifle 875-881 Trust %ldg., Owensboro, Ky. less than four cents. Even if the flour is Southern Railway. This tabulation was shipped in less than car-load lots, the in­ prepared, of course, for Southern territory crease in the freight charge per twenty-four but can be applied to other sections. We pounds would be seven cents. quote from a Washington dispatch to the i As a crate of eggs contains thirty dozen, Higher Interest Rates New York Sun the Southern Railway's fig­ Owing to a general advance in interest; a glance at the table wiU show that on a rates, we shall for a short time at least, car-load shipment the added freight charge ures dealing with food and clothing; be able to get Seven Per Cent for otir customers on First Mortgage Loans. would be about one-half of a cent per dozen "We suggest that you take advantage of this and arrange to take some of these eggs, and in the less than car-load shipment, The rate on shoes from Boston to Atlanta loans at the higher rate. Good loans are offering. Write for Loan. List Ko. 77 about two-thirds of a cent a dozen. is now $1.64 per one hundred pounds, mak­ Similarly, it will be observed that the ing the transportation charge on a pair of i Perkins & Co.» LawrencOi Kansas increased freight charge on butter per shoes which, with its share of the packing, pound from Chicago to Philadelphia, when weighs three pounds, approximately five 100 Shaves from Every Blade sent in car-load lots, would be about four cents. The new rate will be $2.18)^ per ono For Gillette Users mills, and on less than car-load lots less hundred pounds, making the transporta­ A few turns and one operation than five and one-half mills, in the one case tion charge on the same pair of shoes approx­ gives perfect cutting edge. M akes old blades new and new? a little less than and in the other a little imately six and two-third cents. Every one blades better. knows that the pair of shoes which formerly This stropper does not reduce more than one-half a cent a pound. viidth of blade—it straightens sold for seven dollars is now selling around out the bent teeth of edges. If we assume that oranges weigh about Guaranteed to g'iye satisfa

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