DOCSLIB.ORG

Science Vs. Sensationalism

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Science Vs. Sensationalism WELCOME! Science vs. Sensationalism On behalf of the California Department of Social Services, the California Department of Public Health Nutrition Education and Obesity Prevention Branch, UC CalFresh, California Department of Aging, and Catholic Charities of California, we are pleased to welcome you to the California SNAP-Ed training: Science vs. Sensationalism Objectives • Recognize several “red flags of junk science” developed by the Dairy Council of California and apply them to current nutrition information • Review guidelines that indicate trustworthy nutrition- related websites and practice using these to evaluate the accuracy of information on various websites Objectives • Review differences between food allergies and sensitivities to food and discuss how to help SNAP-Ed participants understand these • Analyze nutrition headlines to see how likely they are to be reliable • Practice responding respectfully and accurately to possible misinformation in your SNAP-Ed class Today’s Presenters Today’s Presenter I’m confused! What are the red flags of junk science? 1. Recommendations that promise a quick fix 1. No quick fixes 2. Claims that sound too good to be true 3. Simple conclusions drawn from a complex study 4. Recommendations based upon a single study 5. Dramatic statements that are refuted by a reputable scientific organization 6. Recommendations based upon studies without peer review Working alone vs. Working with peers 7. Recommendations based upon studies that ignore differences among individuals or groups 8. Dire warnings of danger from a single product 9. Lists of “good” and “bad” foods 10. Recommendations made to help sell a product, or by the manufacturer itself Other source red flags Statements about the superiority of natural dietary supplements Red Bull gives you wings! Testimonials and anecdotes Information that promotes a product’s benefits while overlooking its risks Vague, Meaningless, or scientific sounding terms Sensational statements without citing references or sources Disclaimers, usually in small or difficult to read print Articles…What’s legit? Peer-Reviewed Articles Peer-reviewed (refereed or scholarly) articles 1st written by experts 2nd reviewed by several other experts in the field 3rd published in a journal generally recognized as having a high quality. Nutrition Information: Fact or Fiction Be skeptical of claims and ask questions… • What motivates that authors, promoters or sponsors? • Does the promoter/advertiser rely on anecdotes or testimonials? • Are there claims the product caused dramatic results? • Is the product touted as a new scientific breakthrough? More Questions • Does the source of information have disclaimers? • Is the source scientific? • If a study is cited, how was the research conducted? • Does the source cite respected medical journals or mention reliable experts? • Are only benefits of using the product highlighted and harmful side effects ignored? Tips for Searching Nutrition Information on the Internet Use multiple web sites, especially government sites Tips for Searching Nutrition Information on the Internet Rely on sites reviewed or managed by health professionals Tips for Searching Nutrition on the Internet Avoid sites that do not provide scientific sources. Do not trust sites that attack scientific establishment. What red flags come up for you? “Acai Berries – the World’s Best-Kept Health Secret Is Now Revealed” elisfanclub What red flags come up for you? “‘Mexican Beer Dermatitis’: Booze Plus Lime Can Cause Nasty Skin Rash” UC Davis Department of Nutrition Nutrition Information • http://nutrition.ucdavis.edu • http://cns.ucdavis.edu Websites with Reliable Nutrition and Health Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: http://www.eatright.org National Institutes of Health: http://www.nih.gov American Council on Science and Health: http://www.acsh.org Food and Drug Administration: http://www.fda.gov Centers for Disease Control & Prevention: http://www.cdc.gov What are Food Allergies? Immune response to eating food proteins (allergens) • The body mistakes food protein for something harmful (such as a bacteria) • Over reaction to fight mistaken “infection” Science Behind Immune Response 2 main kinds 1) Antibodies made to fight mistaken infection . Starts immediately . May involve multiple organ . In severe cases: anaphylactic shock may lead to death 2) White blood cells react . Symptoms may be less severe . Occur hours or even days to appear Symptoms of Severe Food Allergies May involve GI tract, respiratory system, and skin What to watch for: Common Food Allergies “The Big Eight” 90% of food allergies in U.S. Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 required food labeling How Many are Affected? • By the numbers Current Estimate: 15 million in U.S. 30,000 emergency room $24.8 billion annual cost • Leading cause of food allergy death→ peanuts via anaphylaxis Treatment Under Physician’s Care Anaphylactic shock Immediately use epinephrine (EPI-Pen) and call 911 Desensitization With MD, eat small amounts of food Add slowly to diet Possible to have little to no reaction over time Sensitivities or Intolerances Trouble with proper food digestion Similar symptoms as minor food allergies . Stomach pain . Vomiting NOT life/death Celiac Disease What is celiac disease? • An autoimmune disorder • Exposure to gluten results in damage to the intestinal lining • Damage to the lining of the intestine reduces ability to digest and absorb nutrients • Treatment consists of completely eliminating gluten from the diet Gluten-related Disorders • Celiac Disease • Wheat Allergy • Gluten Sensitivity – Not diagnosed on allergic or autoimmune mechanisms – Subject to risk of placebo effect What would you do? You are making a stir-fry in a food demonstration for an after school program. Based on what you know about food allergies – what might you discuss in during your session? jules What would you do? Sensationalized: Artificial Sweeteners Comparing Sweetness of Various Artificial Sweeteners to Sugar Artificial Sweetener Sales in the US in 2015, by brand • Stevia • Global market US$ 347 million in 2014 • US$ 565 million by 2020? Aspartame (Equal, NutraSweet, Sugar Twin) • FDA – generally safe • Except folks w/PKU – Can’t handle “phenyalanine” Sucralose (Splenda) • Approved in United States 1998 • 600x sweeter than sugar • Over 110 FDA safety studies • Concerns???? 1. Leukemia 2. Altered metabolism 3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome Sucralose Impairs Metabolism Study looked at: • 17 obese diabetic subjects • Gave sucralose vs water • Compared respond to drinking glucose Results: sucralose – increased blood glucose levels – decreases insulin sensitivity Limitations: VERY SMALL study • need larger sample size • Need different BMIs to represent the population. Sucralose (Splenda) leading to Leukemia Study looked at. • Five groups of male and female mice • Different levels of sucralose Results • High levels of sucralose may lead to leukemia in mice. Limitations Mice study—need human clinical trials or additional research Leukemia only in males Only 2 levels found significant leukemia 2000ppm and 16000ppm BUT at 8000ppm no difference Stevia (Truvia) “Natural Sweetener” herbal plant. 200-400x sweeter than sugar. Brand names like Truvia has only contains only 1% of stevia in it. jeepersmedia Stevia as an Anticancer agent Two studies looked at 2 different chemicals in stevia: Stevioside Rebaudioside Stevia as an Anticancer agent Two studies looked at 2 different chemicals in stevia: Stevioside and rebaudioside 1) Found: Stevioside: may help killing cancer cells BUT: Done in test-tubes: AND: Stevioside often removed from commercial (replaced with pure rebaudioside) Stevia as an Anticancer agent Two studies looked at 2 different chemicals in stevia: Stevioside and rebaudioside 1) Found: Stevioside: may help killing cancer cells BUT: Done in test-tubes: AND: Stevioside often removed from commercial (replaced with pure rebaudioside) 2) Found rebaudioside better killing cancer cells BUT: Stevioside did NOT AND: Done in test-tubes American Heart Association and American Diabetes Association say: • artificial sweeteners might help with weight loss or control Artificial Sweeteners Aid in Weight Loss American Heart Association and American Diabetes Association say: • artificial sweeteners might help with weight loss or control; BUT: only if effective totally calories are cut. Example: IF I cut calories for lunch with stevia or an artificial sweetener… BUT overeat dinner … no weight loss. Artificial Sweeteners Aid in Weight Loss American Heart Association and American Diabetes Association say: • artificial sweeteners might help with weight loss or control BUT: only if effective totally calories are cut. Example: IF I cut calories for lunch with stevia or an artificial sweetener BUT overeat dinner – no weight loss. ALSO: conflicting results about artificial sweeteners effect in weight loss. How much is too much? How much is too much? • ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) • weight (mg) of sweetener • per bodyweight (kg) • that is safe to have each daily • over a lifetime How much is too much? EDI (Estimated Daily Intake) estimated amount eaten according to food consumption surveys How much is too much? Artificial Sweeteners and Diabetes Study: daily use of diet drinks Found: • 36% greater risk for metabolic syndrome (high risk for diabetes, heart disease and stroke) • 67% increased risk for type 2 diabetes Artificial Sweeteners and Diabetes • 36% greater risk for metabolic syndrome (high risk for diabetes,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Media Effects and Marginalized Ideas: Relationships Among Media Consumption and Support for Black Lives Matter
    International Journal of Communication 13(2019), 4287–4305 1932–8036/20190005 Media Effects and Marginalized Ideas: Relationships Among Media Consumption and Support for Black Lives Matter DANIELLE KILGO Indiana University, USA RACHEL R. MOURÃO Michigan State University, USA Building on research analyses of Black Lives Matter media portrayals, this inquiry uses a two-wave panel survey to examine the effects news coverage has on the evaluation of the core ideas from the Black Lives Matter social movement agenda. Results show that conservative media use increases negative evaluations; models suggest this relationship works as a multidirectional feedback loop. Mainstream and liberal media consumptions do not lead to more positive views about Black Lives Matter’s core ideas. Keywords: media effects, partisan media, conflict, news audiences, Black Lives Matter The 2014 shooting death of Michael Brown in Ferguson, MO, was the catalyst that launched a brewing protest movement into the international spotlight. Police officer Darren Wilson shot the unarmed teenager multiple times in the middle of a neighborhood street. Initial protests aimed at finding justice for Brown turned violent quickly and were subsequently met with a militarized police force (e.g., Brown, 2014). Local protests continued in Ferguson while the jury deliberated Wilson’s possible indictment. However, in November 2014, Wilson was not indicted, and the decision refueled national protests. Brown’s death was one of many in 2014, and news media paid attention to the reoccurrence of similar scenarios, as well as the associated protests. These demonstrations were part of the growing, decentralized Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. Protests echoed demands for justice for Black men, women, and children killed by excessive use of force, for police policy reformation, and for the acknowledgment of oppression against Blacks and other marginalized communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Protests, Free Expression, and College Campuses
    Social Education 82(1), pp. 6–9 ©2018 National Council for the Social Studies Lessons on the Law Protests, Free Expression, and College Campuses Evan Gerstmann Much has been written about university student protests against conservative speak- commencement speaker at Rutgers ers on campus, and there has been a great deal of media coverage as well. The bulk University. At Smith, students and faculty of the coverage has been critical, lamenting the lack of respect that today’s students protested Lagarde’s invitation because have for free speech and meaningful debate. Across the country, legislation is being of her representation of IMF policies, considered that would mandate punishment for disruptive students and remove which critics argue have not had a posi- university autonomy in dealing with controversial social issues. This legislation will tive influence on developing economies. be discussed in greater detail later in the article. At Rutgers, students protested Rice’s invitation based on her support of the Is this concern overly hyped? Is this Maddow; Clarence Thomas and Ruth Iraq War. It was competely reasonable legislation really neccesary, or even Bader Ginsburg. Students have abso- for students to object to both women as positive? While free speech is a corner- lutely no right to keep a speaker off of commencement speakers. stone of American democracy and is their campus simply because they don’t Why is commencement different? central to the mission of higher educa- like their point of view. If a professor Many reasons. Serving as a commence- tion, the coverage of this issue has gen- invites a member of the Nazi Party to ment speaker is not just a speaking erally lacked nuance and has failed to campus (and I should mention that not opportunity—it is a major honor by a pay attention to important distinctions.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 to What Extent Has Sensationalism in the Oregon Shooting, the Ebola
    1 To what extent has sensationalism in the Oregon shooting, the Ebola Crisis, and the missing Malaysian flight avoided genuine problems in print media? AP CAPSTONE RESEARCH March 14, 2016 2 Introduction Sensationalism can be defined as subject matter designed to produce startling or thrilling impressions or to excite and please vulgar taste. (Dictionary.com, 2016) The use of sensationalism in media, or other forms of entertainment can be traced back to ancient roman society, where messages would be publically presented. On public message boards, information was considered to be sensationalized as scandalous and thrill-seeking stories were typically presented first, and in the most exciting manner. From that period on, although not officially given a name, the idea of sensationalizing stories became predominant in society. (Czarny, 2016) It is typical amongst news outlets that stories involving death and crime gain the most attention. Not only do these stories exhibit controversial, graphic, and expressive details, but give news outlets the opportunity to report on high profile cases, that can be followed and updated for days to come, filling up air time. (Czarny, 2016) The idea of sensationalism began after the nineteenth century, due to William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer. Both publishers worked for high profile media outlets based out of New York City, and developed the idea and name of Yellow Journalism. Journalists would uphold the title of a “yellow journalist” as their stories would exaggerate events and conceal accurate details to attract and rouse viewers. (Story, 2016) Although unethical, media outlets saw dramatic increases in the numbers of viewers, and thrived off of the attention they were receiving.
    [Show full text]
  • Download a PDF Version of the Official
    “To Open Minds, To Educate Intelligence, To Inform Decisions” The International Academic Forum provides new perspectives to the thought-leaders and decision-makers of today and tomorrow by offering constructive environments for dialogue and interchange at the intersections of nation, culture, and discipline. Headquartered in Nagoya, Japan, and registered as a Non-Profit Organization 一般社( 団法人) , IAFOR is an independent think tank committed to the deeper understanding of contemporary geo-political transformation, particularly in the Asia Pacific Region. INTERNATIONAL INTERCULTURAL INTERDISCIPLINARY iafor The Executive Council of the International Advisory Board Mr Mitsumasa Aoyama Professor June Henton Professor Baden Offord Director, The Yufuku Gallery, Tokyo, Japan Dean, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, Professor of Cultural Studies and Human Rights & Co- USA Director of the Centre for Peace and Social Justice Southern Cross University, Australia Lord Charles Bruce Professor Michael Hudson Lord Lieutenant of Fife President of The Institute for the Study of Long-Term Professor Frank S. Ravitch Chairman of the Patrons of the National Galleries of Economic Trends (ISLET) Professor of Law & Walter H. Stowers Chair in Law Scotland Distinguished Research Professor of Economics, The and Religion, Michigan State University College of Law Trustee of the Historic Scotland Foundation, UK University of Missouri, Kansas City Professor Richard Roth Professor Donald E. Hall Professor Koichi Iwabuchi Senior Associate Dean, Medill School of Journalism, Herbert J. and Ann L. Siegel Dean Professor of Media and Cultural Studies & Director of Northwestern University, Qatar Lehigh University, USA the Monash Asia Institute, Monash University, Australia Former Jackson Distinguished Professor of English Professor Monty P.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Construction of Journalistic Frames During Crisis
    Understanding the Construction of Journalistic Frames during Crisis Communication Editorial Coverage of COVID-19 in New York Times By: Syeda Shehreen Fatima Supervisor: Maria Zuiderveld Södertörn University | School of Social Sciences Master’s dissertation 15 credits Journalism | Spring semester 2020 International Master’s Program in Journalism Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis with every country being affected. It is one of the widely reported crisis over the past few months. Crisis of such degree and range of influence demands a well-informed reporting with an understanding of the possible impact. As the media coverage is largely influenced by journalistic frames and their interpretations, it is highly important and relevant to study this crisis from a framing perspective. Therefore, this research aims to explore the construction of frames, to what extent they exist in the text in comparison to each other, and how they appear across different time periods by studying the online editorial coverage of the COVID-19 crisis published by New York Times. Eight constructive and seven negative frames have been deductively coded to conduct the research through qualitative content analysis with quantitative elements of the editorials published during three specific periods in January, February, and March of 2020. Constructive frames have been coded with the help of constructive journalism which is used as an analytical concept in this research, while negative frames have been retrieved from literature on the framing of previous crises. The analysis suggests that the editorial coverage of the COVID-19 crisis by New York Times is overall constructive but with focus on few dominant constructive and negative frames.
    [Show full text]
  • Sensationalism in the Media: Case of Serbia
    Sensationalism in the media: case of Serbia By Katarina Belic Submitted to Central European University Department of Political Science In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts Supervisor: Oana Lup CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2016. Abstract This research investigates the causes and the consequences of the crisis of the press in Serbia, with a special emphasis on one of its major features – sensationalism. I offer journalistic perspectives on this topic, enriching the academic literature on sensationalism, using qualitative interviews with seven journalists from different outlets in Serbia. The study also explores the effect of sensationalism on journalists’ roles and habits. The analysis showed the specific character of sensationalism in Serbia reflects in journalists’ belief that it is being used not only because of public demand, but also by the political elite with a purpose of distracting the public from important social and political problems. High level of sensationalism in Serbia is also explained by Serbian public being more prone to this kind of news because of specific political and economic circumstances of a transitional country. Lacking proper legal framework, according to the journalists, is the main cause of sensationalism perpetuating. The “ideal journalistic role” in their opinions, because of the mentioned trends, could be described as less demanding, making journalists feel powerless to change the direction of the developments. CEU eTD Collection i Acknowledgments Thank you: Oana Lup, for being everything a person could ask from a supervisor. Even more, and even faster. Mira, Zoki, Jovana and Majki, for making me feel grateful I have you day after day.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing News Values (And More) in Fake Stories
    Media and Communication (ISSN: 2183–2439) 2021, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 110–119 DOI: 10.17645/mac.v9i1.3331 Article What Is (Fake) News? Analyzing News Values (and More) in Fake Stories Edson C. Tandoc Jr. 1,*, Ryan J. Thomas 2 and Lauren Bishop 2 1 Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, 637718, Singapore; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Missouri School of Journalism, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (R.J.T.), [email protected] (L.B.) * Corresponding author Submitted: 9 June 2020 | Accepted: 9 August 2020 | Published: 3 February 2021 Abstract ‘Fake news’ has been a topic of controversy during and following the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Much of the scholar- ship on it to date has focused on the ‘fakeness’ of fake news, illuminating the kinds of deception involved and the motiva- tions of those who deceive. This study looks at the ‘newsness’ of fake news by examining the extent to which it imitates the characteristics and conventions of traditional journalism. Through a content analysis of 886 fake news articles, we find that in terms of news values, topic, and formats, articles published by fake news sites look very much like traditional— and real—news. Most of their articles included the news values of timeliness, negativity, and prominence; were about government and politics; and were written in an inverted pyramid format. However, one point of departure is in terms of objectivity, operationalized as the absence of the author’s personal opinion. The analysis found that the majority of articles analyzed included the opinion of their author or authors.
    [Show full text]
  • Boycotts and Sanctions Against South Africa: an International History, 1946-1970
    Boycotts and Sanctions against South Africa: An International History, 1946-1970 Simon Stevens Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2016 © 2016 Simon Stevens All rights reserved ABSTRACT Boycotts and Sanctions against South Africa: An International History, 1946-1970 Simon Stevens This dissertation analyzes the role of various kinds of boycotts and sanctions in the strategies and tactics of those active in the struggle against apartheid in South Africa. What was unprecedented about the efforts of members of the global anti-apartheid movement was that they experimented with so many ways of severing so many forms of interaction with South Africa, and that boycotts ultimately came to be seen as such a central element of their struggle. But it was not inevitable that international boycotts would become indelibly associated with the struggle against apartheid. Calling for boycotts and sanctions was a political choice. In the years before 1959, most leading opponents of apartheid both inside and outside South Africa showed little interest in the idea of international boycotts of South Africa. This dissertation identifies the conjuncture of circumstances that caused this to change, and explains the subsequent shifts in the kinds of boycotts that opponents of apartheid prioritized. It shows that the various advocates of boycotts and sanctions expected them to contribute to ending apartheid by a range of different mechanisms, from bringing about an evolutionary change in white attitudes through promoting the desegregation of sport, to weakening the state’s ability to resist the efforts of the liberation movements to seize power through guerrilla warfare.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexy Sensationalism Case Study: the Af Scination with Celebrity News and Why USA Today Caters to the Obsession Grant Edward Boxleitner University of South Florida
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 4-6-2007 Sexy Sensationalism Case Study: The aF scination with Celebrity News and Why USA Today Caters to the Obsession Grant Edward Boxleitner University of South Florida Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons Scholar Commons Citation Boxleitner, Grant Edward, "Sexy Sensationalism Case Study: The asF cination with Celebrity News and Why USA Today Caters to the Obsession" (2007). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/642 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sexy Sensationalism Case Study: The Fascination with Celebrity News and Why USA Today Caters to the Obsession by Grant Edward Boxleitner A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts School of Mass Communications College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Robert Dardenne, Ph.D. Gary Mormino, Ph.D Mike Killenberg, Ph.D. Date of Approval: April 6, 2007 Keywords: gossip, media, ethics, newspapers, competition © Copyright 2007, Grant Edward Boxleitner Table of Contents Abstract..............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Online Partisan Media, User-Generated News Commentary, and the Contested Boundaries of American Conservatism During the 2016 US Presidential Election
    The London School of Economics and Political Science Voices of outrage: Online partisan media, user-generated news commentary, and the contested boundaries of American conservatism during the 2016 US presidential election Anthony Patrick Kelly A thesis submitted to the Department of Media and Communications of the London School of Economics and Political Science for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, December 2020 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD de- gree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other per- son is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 99 238 words. 2 Abstract This thesis presents a qualitative account of what affective polarisation looks like at the level of online user-generated discourse. It examines how users of the American right-wing news and opinion website TheBlaze.com articulated partisan oppositions in the site’s below-the-line comment field during and after the 2016 US presidential election. To date, affective polarisation has been stud- ied from a predominantly quantitative perspective that has focused largely on partisanship as a powerful form of social identity.
    [Show full text]
  • News: the Politics of Illusion
    NE The PoliTics of illusion WSTenTh ediTion W. Lance Bennett The UniversiTy of ChiCago Press Chicago and London c ontents Preface / ix 1. News in a Changing Information System / 1 Why Journalism Matters / 4 Can the News Be Fixed? / 5 The Citizen Gap: Who Follows the News? / 7 Governing with the News / 9 Politicians and the Media: A Symbiotic Relationship / 11 Getting Spun: Indexing the News to Political Power / 15 c ase Study: Political Comedy Reveals the “Truthiness” about News / 17 What about the People? / 22 A Definition of News / 24 The Fragile Link between News and Democracy / 25 2. News Stories: Four Information Biases That Matter / 28 Putting Journalistic Bias in Perspective / 30 A Different Kind of Bias / 33 Four Information Biases That Matter: An Overview / 36 Four Information Biases in the News: An In- Depth Look / 40 c ase Study: Who Controls the News Narrative? / 53 Bias and the US Political Information System / 56 Reform Anyone? / 57 3. Citizens and the News: Public Opinion and Information Processing / 59 News and the Battle for Public Opinion / 61 Chasing Its Own Tale: How News Formulas Shape Opinion / 62 The Public in the News Drama / 66 Selling the Iraq War / 67 Reaching Inattentive Publics / 70 c ase Study: National Attention Deficit Disorder? / 71 Processing the News / 74 News and Public Opinion: The Citizen’s Dilemma / 84 Publics in the Digital Age / 87 4. How Politicians Make the News / 89 Are Social Media Replacing the Role of the Press? / 92 The Politics of Old- Fashioned PR / 94 c ase Study: How Global Warming Became a Partisan News Story / 95 Press Politics: Feeding the Beast / 98 News as Strategic Political Communication / 100 The Symbolic Uses of Politics / 102 Symbolic Politics and Strategic Communication / 104 Why the Press Is So Easily Spun / 112 Controlling the Situation: From Pseudo- events to Damage Control / 113 Playing Hardball: The Intimidation of Whistleblowers and Reporters / 119 Government and the Politics of Newsmaking / 121 5.
    [Show full text]
  • A CONTENT ANALYSIS of NEWS FRAMING SINCE NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND a Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Th
    PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN CRISIS: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NEWS FRAMING SINCE NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by LAURIE HOGAN Dr. Esther Thorson, Thesis Supervisor MAY 2013 The undersigned, appointed by the Dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN CRISIS: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NEWS FRAMING SINCE NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND Presented by Laurie Hogan A candidate for the degree of Master of Arts And hereby certify that in their opinion it is worthy of acceptance. ___________________________________________________ Professor Esther Thorson ___________________________________________________ Professor Shelly Rodgers ___________________________________________________ Professor Cynthia Frisby ___________________________________________________ Professor James Endersby DEDICATION This thesis is the culmination of three years of work leading up to my master’s degree. It included long nights, juggling schedules and pushing myself to keep researching, writing and analyzing even when my brain was already exhausted from a long day at work. My fortitude in this endeavor would not have been possible without the support of the following people. To my husband, Andrew Hogan, thank you for your loving encouragement from the time I decided to pursue this degree through the last minutes of writing this paper. Your educational interests may be much different than mine, but thank you for sharing my interest in learning. It has been much easier to push forward knowing you are completing your own graduate studies right beside me. To my parents, Michael and Jane Beck, thank you for instilling the importance of education in me at a young age and for dedicating yourselves over and over again to making sure I have had the best opportunities to learn and grow in my talents and interests.
    [Show full text]