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Jovan Kurbalija Jovan 7Th Edition7th an Introduction to an Introduction INTERNET GOVERNANCE About the author AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET GOVERNANCE Dr Jovan Kurbalija is the founding director of DiploFoundation and head of the Geneva Internet The history of this book is long, in Internet time. The Platform. A former original text and the overall approach, including the diplomat, his professional five-basket methodology, were developed in 1997 for and academic background a training course on information and communications is in international law, technology (ICT) policy for government officials from diplomacy, and information Commonwealth countries. In 2004, Diplo published technology. In 1992, he established the Unit for a print version of its Internet governance materials, Internet Governance – Issues, Information Technology and Diplomacy at the AN INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET GOVERNANCE An Introduction to in a booklet entitled Actors and Divides. This booklet formed part of the Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies in Jovan Kurbalija Malta. After more than ten years of training, research, Information Society Library, a Diplo initiative driven and publishing, in 2002 the Unit evolved into by Stefano Baldi, Eduardo Gelbstein, and Jovan An Introduction to Internet Governance provides a comprehensive overview of the main is- DiploFoundation. Kurbalija. In 2008, a special, revised version of sues and actors in this field. Written in a clear and accessible way, supplemented with fig- the book, entitled simply An Introduction to Internet ures and illustrations, it focuses on the technical, security, legal, economic, development, Governance, was published in cooperation with Since 1994, Dr Kurbalija has been teaching courses INTERNET sociocultural, and human rights aspects of Internet governance. Providing a brief introduc- NIXI India on the occasion of the 2008 Internet on the impact of ICT/Internet on diplomacy and tion, a summary of major questions and controversies, and a survey of different views and Governance Forum (IGF) held in Hyderabad, India. Internet governance. Currently, he is visiting lecturer approaches for each issue, the book offers a practical framework for analysis and discus- In 2009, a revised third edition was published in at the College of Europe in Bruges, Belgium, and sion of Internet governance. cooperation with the Ministry of Communication the University of St Gallen, Switzerland. He has GOVERNANCE and Information Technology of Egypt. The fourth lectured at the Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Jovan Kurbalija Since 1997, more than 3000 diplomats, computer specialists, civil society activists, and aca- edition (2010) was produced in partnership with the Studies in Malta, the Vienna Diplomatic Academy in Jovan Kurbalija demics have attended training courses based on the text and approach presented in this Secretariat of the Africa-Caribbean-Pacific Group Austria, the Dutch Institute of International Relations book. With every delivery of the courses, materials are updated and improved, making the of Countries and the European Union. The fifth (Clingendael), the Graduate Institute of International book particularly useful as a teaching resource for introductory studies in Internet govern- edition (2012) was published in cooperation with and Development Studies in Geneva, Switzerland, ance. the Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy (ADA). The sixth the UN System Staff College, Torino, Italy, and the edition was published in September 2014. The late University of Southern California, in Los Angeles. He Eduardo Gelbstein made substantive contributions conceptualised and has directed DiploFoundation’s to the sections dealing with cybersecurity, spam, and Internet Governance Capacity Building Programme privacy. since 2005. Dr Kurbalija’s main research interests include the development of an international regime for the Internet, the use of the Internet in diplomacy Thanks are due to the team of curators working on GIP Digital Watch and modern negotiations, and the impact of the the observatory, who contributed Internet on modern international relations. to updating various parts of the 2016 edition: Radek 7th edition Bejdak, Stephanie Borg Psaila, Katharina Höne, Tereza Horejsova, Arvin Kamberi, Aida Mahmutović, Dr Kurbalija has published and edited numerous Adriana Minović, Virginia Paque, Roxana Radu, books, articles, and chapters, including: The Internet Vladimir Radunović, Barbara Rosen Jacobson, and Guide for Diplomats, Knowledge and Diplomacy, The Sorina Teleanu. Stefano Baldi, Eduardo Gelbstein†, Influence of IT on Diplomatic Practice, Information and Vladimir Radunović all contributed significantly Technology and the Diplomatic Services of Developing to developing the concepts behind the illustrations Countries, Modern Diplomacy, and Language and in the book. Comments and suggestions from other Diplomacy. With Stefano Baldi and Eduardo Gelbstein, edition7th colleagues are acknowledged in the text. he co-authored the Information Society Library, a set of eight booklets covering a wide range of Internet- related developments. [email protected] The history of this book is long, in Internet time. The original text and the overall approach, including the five-basket methodology, were developed in 1997 for a training course on information and communications technology (ICT) policy for government officials from Commonwealth countries. In 2004, Diplo published a print version of its Internet governance materials, in a booklet entitled Internet Governance – Issues, Actors and Divides. This booklet formed part of the Information Society Library, a Diplo initiative driven by Stefano Baldi, Eduardo Gelbstein, and Jovan Kurbalija. In 2008, a special, revised version of the book, entitled simply An Introduction to Internet Governance, was published in cooperation with NIXI India on the occasion of the 2008 Internet Governance Forum (IGF) held in Hyderabad, India. In 2009, a revised third edition was published in cooperation with the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology of Egypt. The fourth edition (2010) was produced in partnership with the Secretariat of the Africa-Caribbean-Pacific Group of Countries and the European Union. The fifth edition (2012) was published in cooperation with the Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy (ADA). The sixth edition was published in September 2014. The late Eduardo Gelbstein made substantive contributions to the sections dealing with cybersecurity, spam, and privacy. Thanks are due to the team of curators working on the GIP Digital Watch observatory, who contributed to updating various parts of the 2016 edition: Radek Bejdak, Stephanie Borg Psaila, Katharina Höne, Tereza Horejsova, Arvin Kamberi, Aida Mahmutović, Adriana Minović, Virginia Paque, Roxana Radu, Vladimir Radunović, Barbara Rosen Jacobson, and Sorina Teleanu. Stefano Baldi, Eduardo Gelbstein†, and Vladimir Radunović all contributed significantly to developing the concepts behind the illustrations in the book. Comments and suggestions from other colleagues are acknowledged in the text. INTERNETAn Introduction to GOVERNANCE Jovan Kurbalija Published by DiploFoundation (2016) Malta: DiploFoundation Anutruf, Ground Floor Hriereb Street Msida, MSD 1675, Malta Switzerland: DiploFoundation 7bis, Avenue de la Paix CH‑1211 Geneva, Switzerland Serbia: DiploCentar Braničevska 12a/12 11000 Belgrade, Serbia E‑mail: [email protected] Website: www.diplomacy.edu Design and layout: Viktor Mijatović Editing: Mary Murphy Illustrations: Dr Vladimir Veljasević Prepress : Aleksandar Nedeljkov Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licences/by‑nc‑nd/3.0/ The translation and publication of this book in other languages is encouraged. For more information, please contact [email protected] Any reference to a particular product in this book serves merely as an example and should not be considered an endorsement or recommendation of the product itself. The square icons and the links at the end of various sub‑sections of the book indicate that there is more background material (ongoing developments, actors, events, instruments, and resources) available online, in the GIP Digital Watch observatory. ISBN: 978‑99932‑53‑30‑3 Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................5 What does Internet governance mean? ............................................................................... 5 The evolution of Internet governance................................................................................... 7 The Internet Governance Cognitive Toolkit ....................................................................... 16 Policy approaches .................................................................................................................. 17 Analogies ................................................................................................................................. 24 Classification of Internet governance issues .................................................................... 28 THE INFRASTRUCTURE BASKET ................................................................35 The telecommunications infrastructure ............................................................................36 Internet access providers .....................................................................................................40 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
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