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The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project STEVENSON MCILVAINE Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: September 23, 2003 Copyright 2006 A ST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Pennsyl ania, Foreign Ser ice parents Raised in Washington, D.C. and abroad Har ard Uni ersity Leopold ille, Congo) Son of the DCM Katanga, U, interpreter Peace keeping in Katanga Refugee problems Missionaries En ironment Religious factions Dahomey US Army Entered the Foreign Ser ice in1.60 State Department, FS1) 2ietnamese language training 1.6031.68 2ietnam, Pro ince Ad isor in Camau 1.6831.00 En ironment Dangers 2iet Cong 6o ernment officials Team composition Local attitudes Likelihood of success Relations with embassy USA1D Operations 2ietnam Special Operations 6roup State Department) Operation Center 1.00 2iet Cong Head8uarters issue 1 1ntelligence gathering and analysis Cambodia in asion Lea e of absence and resignation 1.0031.01 Washington, D.C. 6o ernment Ser ice 1.0131.81 Congressional Aide to Representati e Robert Duncan Department of Transportation, Congressional Relations Carter Presidential Campaign Reentered the Foreign Ser ice 1.81 Multinational Force and Obser er in the Sinai 1.8231.83 Egyptians 1sraeli attitude Egypt/1srael cooperation Sadat and Begin Kinshasa, Zaire) Political Officer 1.8331.85 King Mobutu Dissidents En ironment Local standard of li ing Reporting Bissau, 6uinea Bissau) Charge d> Affaires 1.8531.86 6o ernment En ironment A1D mission Relations Communist bloc French embassy Attempted coup Dar3es3Salaam, Tanzania) 1.8631.8. Julius Nyerere Politics Economy Corruption Scandina ian influence A1D Socialist eAperiments State Department) Zambia3Malawi Desk Officer 1.8.31..1 Zambia go ernment 2 Malawi politics South Africa Washington scene State Department) Labor Ad isor, Africa Regional Affairs 1..231..3 African and 1ndian Labor Alliances South African racial lines MarAist influence AFL3C1O Cosatu Somalia Task Force United States Liaison Office in Somalia) DCM 1..331..4 US aid to Somalia ,on36o ernmental Organizations United Nations United States Liaison Office Military operations En ironment Aideed Ali Mahdi Warlords CBlackhawk DownD US Policy American press Relations with Washington ,egotiations Closing US Embassy ,ational War College 1..431..5 Lusaka, Zambia) Deputy Chief of Mission 1..531..8 President Fred Chiluba Kaunda Economy 6o ernment Belgians South Africa En ironment The CBreakfast CoupD Communications A1DS State Department) Deputy, Office of West African Affairs 1..832000 Responsible for Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Liberia 3 Firefight at Embassy Monro ia Liberian 6o ernment US interests Eadhafi ,igerian elections Fraud schemes ,igerian military The CArc of CrisisD COperation Focus ReliefD Cote d>1 oire West African Peacekeeping Force State Department) Congressional Affairs, African Affairs 200032003 Personalities Sudan peace process Ambassadors> confirmation process Congressional interest in Africa The Black Caucus Congressional staff State/Congress relations Sate/Defense relations A1DS Peace Corps INTERVIEW ": Today is an interview with Stevenson McIlvaine. MC1L2A1,E: My father was from Downingtown, PA. That>s where 1 became a lifelong fan of the Philadelphia Phillies, a cross 1 continue to bear not always in good humor. My father parlayed his Republican connections into a job with Henry Cabot Lodge, the New England chairman of the Eisenhower3,iAon campaign in >52. Out of that he got a political appointment to the State Department, public affairs, and came down and was in Public Affairs in the Department right at the time of the McCarthy stuff and spent an awful lot of time eAplaining to the Senate why the third iolinist in that orchestra the Department sent o erseas was a card carrying member of the Communist Party. ": Focusing on you now, up to the time you were 10, you were a (id in Pennsylvania. MC1L2A1,E: Ges, and then we mo ed here. ": You had 3 or 4 years of schooling up there. How did you find that. 4 MC1L2A1,E: That was fine. 1 started out in local Euaker schools and then in the public schools, which in central Pennsyl ania at that time were integrated and that was all fine and understood. Then 1 came to Washington and the first segregated schools 1>d e er seen and they were awful. SiAth grade in a Washington public school was a real eye opener. 1t was all white and it was terrible. ": At one point, the schools in- MC1L2A1,E: E en 1 knew it was lousy as a siAth grader. ": 0oing bac( though, the "ua(er school, how was that run. MC1L2A1,E: This was kindergarten and first and second grade. We had to go to meeting and that>s pretty hard when you>re 4 and 5. Gou just sit there and be 8uiet. Of course, we would scurry around under the pews and that sort of thing. There was much suppressed giggling and whispering. We ne er 8uite absorbed the spiritual part of it. ": 1here were you going to school when you first started in 1ashington. MC1L2A1,E: East Ward Public School on FoAhall just below Reser oir and FoAhall. ": 1hat would be so bad about it. At one point some of the schools li(e Central High were really 2uite good. MC1L2A1,E: There must ha e been good schools. 1 had been in the public schools in Pennsyl ania. 1 had felt challenged and pushed and interested, and as much as any kid enjoys school, had enjoyed it. 1n this school, there were no grades. There was just good, satisfactory, unsatisfactory. 1 got all goods eAcept conduct, which was routinely unsatisfactory. 1 was on the safety patrol, which was a big honor. Then the teacher kicked me off and put me back on and kicked me off and put me back on. Maybe it was just that teacher, 1 don>t know, but 1 found it a total waste. My parents ponied up the money and sent me off to a pri ate school the neAt year. ": 1here did you go. MC1L2A1,E: 1 went to Landon for 2 years. ": How did you find that. MC1L2A1,E: 1 enjoyed it. 1t was good. And then we went o erseas. My father migrated through the Wriston Act into the Foreign Ser ice. ": In 355, the Civil Service and the Foreign Service were amalgamated. At school and even before, were you much of a reader. 5 MC1L2A1,E: Ges. ": Do you recall any boo(s or authors that really grabbed you. MC1L2A1,E: Ges. The one that 1 still remember i idly was Kenneth Roberts, the stories of the re olution. Most of all, Oli er Wiswell. Up to then, 1 had had the standard monochromatic iew of American history: good guys, bad guys, no ariations. Here was a story about a Tory. That was a bad guy. That was defined. Get he was interesting, sympathetic, 1 began to understand what his problems were, and he didn>t seem much like a bad guy. 1 suddenly at age 10 or 11 learned that history had gradations and these were real people out there. ": You hit on a boo( that was a boo( that really set me off on history. MC1L2A1,E: 1> e been ery interested in American history e er since then. ": Then they start saying, 5You (now, in the colonies, 163 were independents, 163 were against, and 163 were indifferent.7 But we only get really the for independence. MC1L2A1,E: The irony of that is that 1 ha e since married a woman who H her family are loyalists who fled to Canada in 1006 and continued on to this day. We go up almost e ery year. ": I assume they live in Ontario. MC1L2A1,E: Actually, New Brunswick, which is where Benedict Arnold and a lot of loyalists ended up for a time. We go up to this beautiful little port town that>s all loyalists, still flying British flags and you ha e tea cups of Charles and Lady Di and all the trappings of Anglophilia are thick in this little town. As a 2irginian, e ery time, it takes a little adjusting to get used to this. 1 consider myself a semi3nati e 2irginian. ": 1here did your father go first. MC1L2A1,E: Lisbon, Portugal. ": How long were you there. MC1L2A1,E: He was there 3 years. 1 went to school in Switzerland, which was a great eAperience. 1 really enjoyed it. 1t was fabulous. ": Tell me about the Swiss education. You were a teenager. MC1L2A1,E: 1 was 13. 1 did 3 years there. 1t was an international school run without apologies for profit. 1t was called the School of Princes. While 1 was there, we had the Aga Khan. We had Prince AleAander of Gugosla ia. We had arious Saudi sheiks. Just a 6 smattering of royalty. We had the Shah of 1ran>s heirs. 1n fact, my first year there, in the spring, the Shah came to isit with then Eueen Soroya, his first wife, who was the star of most of the European pulp magazines. E ery week or so, they>d ha e a picture of Soroya because she was beautiful and glamorous, the Elizabeth Taylor of the late I50s. 1 had the distinct pleasure of kicking her out of my room when 1 was stark naked. 1 had just come back from swimming. 1 had taken off my bathing suit when the door swung open and there was the headmistress and Eueen Soroya and 1 took one step and slammed the door on both of them. 1 didn>t know who they were. Then my neighbor said, CDo you know what you didJD 1 was not chastised for my rudeness.
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