United Nations Operations in the Congo - Katanga - (Tshombe) - Cables

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items-in-Peace-keeping operations - United Nations Operations in the Congo - Katanga - (Tshombe) - cables

Date Created 16/02H962

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Container s-0875-0003: Peace-Keeping Operations Files of the Secretary-General: U Thant: United Nations Operations in the Congo

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~~es eimm t» QB ao * UNITED NATIONS Distr. SECURITY GENERAL S/5053/Add.8 19 February 1962 COUNCIL ENGLISH ORIGINAL: ENGLISH/FRENCH~~

REPORT OF THE OFFICER-IN-CHARGE OF TEE UNITED NATIONS OPERATION IN THE CONGO TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON DEVELOPMENTS RELATING TO THE APPLICATION OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS OF 21 FEBRUARY AND 24 NOVEMBER 1961

~~I. Report on developments in Katanga:~~

~~A. With reference to action taken by the provincial government and Assembly with respect to the Kitona declaration~~

~~B. With reference to the problem of mercenaries (continued)~~

1. As stated in the report of the Officer-in-Charge (S/5053/Add.l, para- 30 and Annex X), President Tshombe approached ONUC on 5 January 1962 with a view to obtaining the services of a United Nations juridical expert, and confirmed his request in an amended letter of 13 January. According to Mr. Tshombe's letter the United Nations legal expert was to examine the form and presentation of the conclusions drawn from the Assembly's discussions and their conformity to the prescribed procedure, so as to present a document clearly drawn up in accordance with legal rules; there was no question of this expert's being asked to express any opinion on matters of substance. These were said to fall "exclusively within our competence and within the scope of our future discussion with the Leopoldville Government". 2. The request having been submitted to the Central Government for consideration and approval, Prime Minister Adoula, by letter to the Officer-in-Charge dated 20 January, stated that he saw no objection in principle, on the understanding that the expert concerned would at no time be required to pass judgement on the legality of the Central Government's actions (S/5053/Add.2, Annex III). The Secretary-General accordingly assigned the Legal Counsel of the United Nations, Mr. C.A. Stavropoulos, to the task.

~~62-03332 /...~~

~~0", i, ./.xl, S/5053/Add.8 English Page 2~~

3- When Mr. Stavropoulos met President Tshombe in Elisabethville on 2 February, the latter explained that he wanted the Legal Counsel to give advice to a special Commission set up by the Assembly of Katanga to study the Kitona agreement. k. It should be noted that by decree of 2J December 19^1^ Mr. Tshombe had convened an extraordinary session of the Assembly for 3 January 1962, to examine "the agreement known as the Agreements of Kitona". The Assembly had appointed a "Commission for Foreign and Political Affairs", consisting of the President of the Assembly and fifteen of its members,, to study the matter and to report on it. This was the commission to which the President of the province wanted Mr. Stavropoulos to tender advice. Mr. Tshombe pointed out that the advice should cover matters of presentation and procedure and not of substance, the latter being a matter for the Assembly and the Government to consider. He further explained that the Assembly and the Commission had not been meeting lately in expectation of the legal expert's arrival. 5- Mr. Stavropoulos attended seven meetings of the Commission. At the first meeting, on 3 February, the President of the Assembly presented Mr. Stavropoulos with a number of documents for his consideration. These included a report of the Commission to the Assembly, already adopted by the Commission on 7 January 1962 by 13 votes in favour to 3 against. They also included a draft motion for adoption by the Assembly. At the same time, the President of the Assembly once again made clear to Mr. Stavropoulos that the Commission wanted him to advise on questions of procedure only. 6. Subsequently, Mr. Stavropoulos had several meetings with the Commission in the course of which he gave advice on the question of the quorum and on a list of changes which had occurred in the initial membership of the Assembly on account of incompatibility, resignations and death. He declined, however, to advise on questions which were outside his terms of reference. 7- The Commission suggested that Mr. Stavropoulos should assist it by reviewing with it the report it had adopted on 7 January 1962 with a view to advising on the legality of its content. The Commission expressed the wish that the report should be proper, both in form and in content. 8. Mr. Stavropoulos explained that his terms of reference did not provide for, and indeed excluded, such advice. He had studied the report and had found that S/5053/Add. English Page 3 its contents were contrary to the terms of the Loi Fondamentale of 19 Way relating to the -structure of the Congo, which, in the present case, was the only criterion for passing on legality. Mr. Stavropoulos noted that the report adopted by the Commission on 7 January provided for compliance with the Loi Fondamentale and with the authority of the Central Government only after a considerable number of stated conditions had been met. The Commission had intended to submit to the Assembly a motion which was even more extreme, by adding new conditions to be fulfilled before acceptance. 9- After discussion, the Commission decided to request the assistance of i Mr. Stavropoulos in drafting a new report, legal both in form and in contents. The report would adopt without reservations Mr. Tshombe's declaration of 21 December 1961 made at Kitona. It would also, however, include any observations that the Commission considered fit to make, relating to the implementation of the terms of the Kitona Declaration, and would point out that the permanent, effective and sincere application of the measures set forth in the Declaration could serve as the basis for a settlement of the problem of Katanga and put an end to the sufferings of the population. Mr. Stavropoulos agreed to give such assistance . 10. Subsequently, on 13 February 19&2, the Ccmmission adopted its second report by 13 votes in favour and 1 abstention. The report contained several observations and included a resolution recommended by the Commission to the Assembly for adoption. The operative part of the resolution would have the Assembly of Katanga (l) adopt the Declaration of 21 December 19^1, known as the Kitona Declaration, and (2) request the Government to take, in collaboration with the Central Government, the measures necessary for the implementation of this declaration. To this end, five recommendations were presented incorporating the observations made in the report. 11. On lU February, during the second reading of the report adopted by the Commission the previous day, both the report and resolution were altered to make reference to the "draft declaration"; the operative part of the resolution was also changed. 12.

13- On the following day, Mr. Adoula made a public statement on the action taken by Mr. Tshombe and the provincial Assembly (see Annex II below). Ik. On l6 February, Mr. Adoula also sent a cable to Mr. Tshombe which, after noting that the Kitona agreement had been approved by the provincial Assembly, invited Mr. Tshombe to meet with him in Leopoldville on 21 February to discuss the modalities for carrying out the terms of the agreement (see Annex III below). 15. On 16 February, Mr. Tshombe wrote a letter to Mr. Adoula, transmitting the resolution that had been adopted the previous day by the Assembly and suggesting that they meet personally at Kamina at Mr. Adoula's earliest convenience for the purpose of arriving at a solution to their problems (see Annex IV below). 16. On 19 February, the Prime Minister dispatched three letters to Mr. Tshombe (see Annex V below). S/5053/Add.8 English Page 5

17. In his two letters of 2 February 1962 (S/5053/Add.6) Mr. Tshcmbe agreed to the establishment of several joint commissions, two initially, each to be composed of two civilian members and two military officers from each side. The tasks which were given to these commissions in order to expedite the execution of the Security Council resolutions concerning mercenaries are set out in the related correspondence (S/5053/Add.3, Annex I; Add.^, Add.6 and Add,?)• 18. In a letter of 7 February 1962, the United Nations representative in Elisabethville notified Mr. Tshombe of the appointment of the following ONUC members to the commissions: First commission: Mr. G. Fulcheri, Mr. T. Verbrugghe, Lieut. Col. Hazari and Lieut. S. von Bayer. Second commission: Mr. G. Ghaleb, Mr. Jerkovic, Lieut. Col. Ryan, Lt. Lassen. Mr. Jean Back and Mr. Claude Dovas have served as alternates when one of the civilian ONUC members was unable to attend. Lieut. Lassen later replaced Lieut. Berg on the second commission. 19. In a letter dated 8 February 1962 Mr. Tshombe informed ONUC that he had appointed the following members to the commissions: Mr. E. Kabaya and Mr. C. Naweji, Major Yava, Lieut. Muteta to serve on the first commission; and Mr. S. Muteba, Mr. P. Wyembo, Major Mbayo, and Lieut. Munyanya to serve on the second commission. 20. On the day that Mr. Tshombe appointed the Katangese members, the commissions held a joint meeting. The Katangese members were not all present and, with the exception of Major Mbayo, aide-de-camp to Mr. Tshombe, were not familiar with the commissions' terms of reference. The ONUC members requested the Katangese representatives to provide them at the earliest possible date with: (a) A list of mercenaries, including their name, nationality, rank, date of arrival, present location in Katanga or date of departure, means of departure, destination, units in which they served, amount of severance pay. (b) A list of all foreign personnel in the SJjrete' or in the Katanga Police, including name, nationality, rank, date of arrival and unit in which they were serving. A-. S/5053/Add.8 English Page 6

(c) A list of all areas where Katanga armed forces are stationed and their strength. The Katangese representatives promised to comply with this request. 21. On 9 February the two commissions left Elisabethville, the first for Kipushi and the second for Jadotville. Both commissions travelled in ONUC vehicles, as the Katanga authorities were unable to provide transport. 22. The first commission which visited Jadotville encountered no difficulties en route except for a brief delay at one of the roadblocks manned by the Gendarmerie. The commission was met by Colonel Mukito, commander of the local Gendarmerie, the chief of police, the district commissioner, and representatives of the Mayor and of the Surete. Major Yava explained the purposes of the commission and requested the co-operation of the local authorities. The party proceeded to the Gendarmerie camp, where Col. Mukito led the commission through a visit of the offices and of the soldiers' mess. After a visit to the government hospital, the commission drove through one of the African communes and through the centre of the town. A deputy to the Gendarmerie commander stated that the Gendarmerie contained no European mercenaries or volunteers at the present time. All the Katangese authorities promised their co-operation. The commission returned to Elisabethville at 5-30 p.m. 23. The second commission went to Kipushi, passing four roadblocks without any incident. Owing to an erroneous interpretation of the commission's terms of reference given by Major Mbayo, the Commission saw only the Gendarmerie and local police. The ONUC members made it clear that, in accordance with its terms of reference, the commission was empowered to visit any place it chose and interrogate any person it felt necessary with regard to mercenaries. At the Gendarmerie headquarters commanded by Major Atakombe, the commission was told that Col. Faulques had been arrested on Mr. Tshombe's orders but had escaped on or about 15 February with about sixty mercenaries, whose whereabouts were unknown. Other mercenaries had fled after 18 January. Major Atakombe expressed contempt for the mercenaries who, he said, had only looked after their own interests. At Police Headquarters no information was available, as the only records said to be kept there were those of Europeans working at the Union Mini'bre plant. It was stated to the commission that all information on mercenaries was S/5053/Add.8 English Page 7 in the hands of President Tshombe only. Major Mbayo, when introducing members of the commission to local authorities, stressed that the commission's aim was to find mercenaries, "of whom obviously there are none here". The commission returned to Elisabethville g.t 2 p.m. 2*4-. On 10 February the mixed commissions held their second joint meeting, in the course of which ONUC representatives' stressed the fact that the commissions, on the basis of their terms of reference, were entitled to visit any place they chose and to interrogate anybody they wished. This was placed on record in order to avoid misunderstandings such as had occurred at Kipushi (paragraph 23 above) . 25. On 11 February, the ONUC members decided to postpone a visit to Kolwezi, which was to have taken place the next day, in order to allow the commissions time to examine the various lists and documentation pertaining to mercenaries and make plans for future work. It was felt that while the visits to Jadotville and Kipushi had proved useful in some respects, the lack of documentary preparation had severely hampered the work of the commissions. 26. On 12 February 1962 the commissions held another joint meeting. Major Mbayo delivered to the ONUC representatives a letter from Mr. Tshombe of the same date and a list purporting to contain the names of eighty-nine "other volunteers" (in addition to those appearing on a list transmitted by Mr. Tshombe on 30 January) who were said to have been paid off and dismissed by the government of Katanga and to have left on 8 February. He stated that these "volunteers" had left the country, some by regular means, others simply by taking off "through the bush" to Ndola in Northern Rhodesia and from there to Europe. Two newspaper clippings from Northern Rhodesia were attached to the list, showing a photograph of about ten mercenaries descending from an aircraft at Salisbury Airport. This list gave only the names of the mercenaries, with no details. An examination of the list further showed that a number of the names listed thereon had been included in the list delivered by Mr. Tshombe on 30 January. The ONUC members of the commissions insisted that other essential information should be provided concerning every name on the list, including rank, location of unit, date of engagement, etc. as had been requested several times previously. The Katangese replied that it was very difficult for them to furnish such details for the following reasons: S/5053/Add.8 English Page 8

1. Most of the records concerning mercenaries had been kept by their commanders, e.g. Col. Faulques. These records, they claimed, were not made available to the Katanga authorities. 2. Col. Faulques either destroyed before he fled or took with him most of the documents on mercenaries. 3« The Katangese lacked experience in keeping accurate records. The ONUC members of the commissions constantly pressed the Katanga representatives to supply more details, and the latter finally agreed to provide a new list with more detailed information on the following day at k p.m. 27. In spite of continued efforts by the ONUC members of the commissions, it was not until 16 February at 10 a.m. that a new list was provided, containing eighty-three out of the original eighty-nine names and giving only the locations of the units in which the mercenaries had served. Again the ONUC members pressed their Katanga counterparts to provide the missing deails and, in order to facilitate the clerical work involved, the ONUC members supplied forms with appropriate columns for the details to be filled in. The Katanga members again promised to furnish the required information as soon as possible. 28. At the time of writing the present report, which covers the period up to 1? February, no further information had been provided by the Katangese authorities. 29. The commissions were due to meet on 19 February in order to agree on plans for an inspection of Kolwezi. It is intended that one of the commissions should travel to Kolwezi for an inspection of several days' duration. The other commission is to inspect another area selected on the basis of information obtained up to the present date.

~~II. Report on developments relating to Mr. A. Gizenga (continued)~~

30. On 7 February, fifteen deputies of the Chamber of Representatives presented a motion requesting the immediate liberation of Mr. Gizenga. After some preliminary debate, it was decided to postpone a vote on the motion until after Mr. Adoula's return from New York s6 that the Chamber would have the opportunity to hear him on the matter. On 12 February, Mr. Adoula addressed the Chamber and requested an expression of confidence for the manner in which he had handled \ the Gizenga affair. By a vote of ?6 to 10 with 1 abstention, the Chamber expressed its support for Mr. Adoula. Mr. Gizenga is presently being held on a small island at the mouth of the Congo river. / S/5053/Add.8 English Annex I Page 1

~~ANNEX I~~

~~Resolution adopted on 15 February 1962 "by the Katanga Provincial Assembly~~

The Legislative Assembly of Katanga summarizes the eight points of the draft declaration of Kitona in the motion hereafter. The Katanga Assembly, having been convened in second special session on 5 February 19^2, by an Order issued on 23 December 1961 by the President of Katanga, with a view to considering the draft declaration drawn up at Kitona at 21 December 1961; Having regard to the statement made at the first special session on 3 January 1962 before this Assembly by President Tshombe, in which statement he presented that draft declaration; Having considered the eight points of the draft declaration of Kitona; Noting that the Prime Minister of the Congo,, Mr. Adoula, in contrast to what has been done in the past, proposes to restore order in the former Belgian Congo; Noting that in these circumstances it is necessary to co-operate with the Central Government with a view to restoring order and peace in the country; Having established that the urgent need of preparing a new constitution is admitted by all the parties at issue; Considering that a loyal application by all the parties of the conclusions of the Katanga Assembly on the draft declaration of Kitona could serve as a basis for the settlement of the Katanga problem and put an end to the sufferings of the population; (l) Accepts the draft declaration of Kitona of 21 December 1961 as a potential basis of discussion with a view to the settlement of the Congolese conflict; authorizes the Government of Katanga to establish contact with the Central Government with a view to ensuring a solution in the spirit of the draft declaration; and stresses that the Government of Katanga must arrive at that solution by negotiatiun and peaceful means, with all due dispatch. S/5053/Add.8 English Annex I Page 2

(2) Presents the following recommendations: (a) Expresses the hope that the Fundamental Law will hereafter be strictly applied, both by the six entities and by the Central Government; that the designation of a Commissioner of State be hereafter made in consultation with the Prime Minister or, failing him, in consultation with the President of the Assembly (articles l8l and 2ol of the Fundamental Law), it being understood, among other things, that the provisions on parliamentary immunity shall be strictly observed; takes note of the provisions of article 3 authorizing amendments to the Fundamental Law'; (b) Recommends that account be taken of the provisions of article 7 of the Fundamental Law fixing the number of entities composing the State and determining their limits (see article 159 of the said Law); declares that Mr. Kasavubu is President of the Congolese State as the same is defined in article 7 of the Fundamental Law; (c) Stresses the fact that the Central Government must in future show understanding and take into account the particular characteristics of Katanga. To that end, acting in the necessary spirit of conciliation, the Central Government must forego taking punitive measures against any civil or military officers who may have executed the orders of the Katanga Government since 30 June 1960. It must also avoid sending to Katanga civil or military officers who may be hostile to the Katanga authorities, and must refrain from sending there armed forces liable to spread disorder- or panic among the population. The Central Government must also refrain from showing any form of partiality in the internal dissensions of Katanga and must not in any manner oppose the restoration of the authority of the Government of Katanga over the whole of the Province, in conformity with the provisions of the Fundamental Law. It must also take, in agreement with the Government of Katanga, the measures necessary to balance the budget of the Congo and prohibit all monetary, fiscal or administrative measures liable to prejudice the economic and financial situation of Katanga or the smooth running of public services. (d) Recommends that, in view of its urgent character, the work of preparing the new constitution, taking into account the aspirations of each entity, S/5053/Add. English Annex I Page 3 shall be speedily concluded in order to enable the Congo to benefit from institutions adapted to the special conditions prevailing in the country; (e) Considers that, for purposes of their application, the Government of Katanga should agree with the Central Government on the interpretation to be placed on articles 2J, 26 and 219 of the Fundamental Law; and gives it assurance that the exercise of authority envisaged under this point shall be determined in co-operation with the Government] (f) Decides that it is not required to rule on the eighth point of the draft declaration, which comes within the exclusive competence of the Executive; (g) The Katanga Legislative Assembly reserves its right to ratify the final agreements which may be concluded between the authorities at Leopoldville and those of Katanga in conformity with the authority given to the Government of Katanga. Done at Elisabethville on 15 February

~~MUTAKAWA-DILCMEA Charles President cf the K.'.tanga Legislative Assembly S/5053/Add.8 English Annex II Page 1~~

~~ANNEX II~~

~~Statement made by Mr. Cyrille Adoula, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo; on 16 February 1962~~

We went to Kitona reluctantly because we had had dealings with Mr. Tshombe for many years and were well acquainted with h±s virtues and his weaknesses. I} personally, never ceased to warn the Congolese public., the United Nations and the whole world of the danger of attaching too much value to Mr. Tshombe's statements. The speech he made yesterday in the Katanga Provincial Assembly and the resolutions which he obviously inspired have provided further evidence of the difficulties facing those who, despite apparent contradictions., seek to trust the word of the northern Katangese leaders. The speech by Mr. Tshombe and the resolutions of the Provincial Assembly purport to leave the door open for further negotiations. I shall make a detailed statement very shortly after I have studied what took place yesterday in the Provincial Assembly. S/5053/-:-dd.8 English .^nnex III Page 1

~~AN3MEX III~~

Letter dated l6 February 1962 addressed to the Officer-in-Charge of the United Nations Operation in the Congo by the Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo, transmitting; a cable addressed to the President of the Province of Katanga

I have the honour to request you to transmit the following cable to Mr. Tshombe, President of the Province of Katanga: "President Tshombe, Elisabethville. With a view to the application of the Kitona agreement just approved by the Provincial Assembly, I invite you to meet me at Leopoldville next Uednesday, 21 February^ for the purpose of discussing the procedure for carrying it into effect. "I have the honour to be, etc.

~~Adoula, Prime Minister" S/5053/Add.8 English Annex IV Page 1~~

~~ANNEX IV Letter dated l6 February 1962 addressed to the Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo by the President of the Province of Katanga~~

I have the honour to inform you that the Katanga Assembly, at its meeting on 15 February, announced its acceptance of the Kitona draft declaration of 21 December 1961 as a possible basis for discussions with a view to the settlement of the Congolese conflict. It also authorized the Katangese Government to establish contact with the Central Government for the purpose of bringing about a solution in the spirit of the Kitona declaration. In view of this authorization, as well as in the desire to find a solution to our problems as rapidly as possible in the interest of our peoples, I suggest that we meet personally at your earliest convenience at Kamina base, a site offering full guarantees of security and all the necessary communication facilities. I have the honour to be, etc.

~~(Signed) M. TSHOMBE s/5053/Add.8 English Annex V Page 1~~

~~AKWEX V~~

~~Three letters dated 19 February 1962 addressed to the President of the Province of Katanga by the Prirr.e Minister of the Republic of the Congo~~

~~Subject: Gendarmerie~~

I have the honour to inform you that I have duly noted the resolution which was adopted on 15 February 1962 by the Katanga Provincial Assembly accepting the declaration which you made at Kitona on 21 December 1961. In order to enable the Head of State to regularize, in accordance with article 23 of the Fundamental Law, the appointments of officers and non- commissioned officers which have been made in the gendarmerie, I should be grateful if you would send me, as quickly as possible, a complete list of the officers and non-commissioned officers now in service.

~~(Signed) C. AEOULA~~

~~Subject: Reorganization of the Army~~

I have the honour to inform you that I have duly noted the resolution which was adopted on 15 February 1962 by the Katanga Provincial Assembly accepting the declaration which you made at Kitona on 21 December 1961. With a view to consideration of the problem of the reorganization of the Army, I have summoned all general officers together with their staff to a meeting at Leopoldville on 26 February 1962 at which this question will be discussed. General Moke and his staff are also invited to attend this meeting. I should be grateful if you would let me know the date on which General Moke and his colleagues will arrive at Leopoldville.

~~(Signed) C. ADOULA S/5053/Add.8 English Annex V Page 2~~

Subject: Provincial Assembly I have the honour to inform you that I have duly noted the resolution which was adopted on 15 February 1962 by the Katanga Provincial Assembly, accepting the declaration which you made at Kitona on 21 December 1961. With a view to the settlement of the internal problem of Katanga, it would be desirable for a session of the Provincial Assembly, attended by all the provincial elected representatives of Katanga, to be convened as quickly as possible in a place where security and freedom of expression could be fully guaranteed. The United Nations would be in a position to take all the necessary steps to ensure the safety of the provincial elected representatives. You, for your part, will also take all the necessary measures to enable this session to proceed normally.

~~(Signed) C. ADOULA 62-033^2 rf~~

~~gable~~

~~D&tej 19 February From: 2!b :~~

~~sf cable Be ota? G*73» feafc of Mr. Tstaabe's invitation to Premier Adouia the~~

BI feaw tSaa iioaour to inform JTOU iiiiaij the Ifetssaga Assembly., at ifes meetiag on 15 Febnaary^ aanouoced its acceptance of the KLtosa Sraffe dsc2.aratioa of S3, BeceralsQr 1^2, as a possible basis for discussions with a view to the settlement of the Congolese conflict. It also suthorieed the ISataBgese Government to establish contact with the Central Government for tii© purpose of bringing about a solution is the spirit of the Sitona declaration. In view of this authorisation., as well as ia tlie desire to find a solution to our problems as rapidly as possible iia the interest of our peoplest 2 suggest that we meet personal^ at your earliest convenience &t KazDi&a base, a site offering full giararitess of security and all necessary eoBuminication facilities. "1 h^ve 14ie honour to be^ etc.

President of Tshombe invites Adoula to meet at Kimina at Adoula's early convenience. CY 4 SSS LEO IS? JS» OS5§ 2 ETATPRI0RIIE UNATIONS NY* G-75 Mr,@-S--T-.?-M M-E-0. !• A !•£••• ,JE€Q£N FROM GARDINER . REOU8 G-73. TEXT OF MR*- TSfHOMBES INVITATION TO PREMIER ABQULA D1ENTIONED IN THE SECURITY COUNCIL

~~REPORT I GUQTE MONSIEUR LE PREMIER MINISTREVJAI 1H0NNEUR BE POSTER A VQTRE CQNNAISSANCE SUE L< ASSEMBLES 'W KATANGA, EN SA SEANCE BU »~~

' 15 FEVIEH A DECLARE ACCEPTER LE PRO JET BE DECLARATION DU 21 BE8EMBRE ISXSl BE KITONA COMlffi POUVANT SERVIR BE BASE BE DISCUSSION £N WfE By"RESLEMI^T BU CONFLIT CONGOLAIS. ELLE A DE PLUS BONNE MANBAT AU GOUVERKEHENT KATAN6AIS DE SE iffiTTRE EN RAPPORT AVEC LE S0UVERKEMEST CENTRAL EM VUE *

B ASSURERS BNE SOLUTION SANS L ESPRIT BE LA DECLARATION M KITONA. EH VERU DE CE MNDAT ET DESXREUX D AUTRE PART, BANS L INTERET BE NOS POPULATIONS DE TRQiflfER LE PLUS RAPI DEMENT POSSIBLE UME SOLUTION A NOS PROBLEMES, JE VOUS SUG6ERE BE NOUS RENCONTRE PERSQNNELLEMENT* A VOTRE * P 4/37 * - - PROMPTS CON\rENANCE A KAM1NA BASE , ENDROIT OFFANT TOUTE SARANTIE BE SECURITE ET TOUTES FACILITES DE COMMUNICATIONS. VEUILLE2 AGREES, MONSIEUR LE PREMIER MINIS TRE L ASSURANCE m MA HAUTE CONSIDERATION. LE PRESIDENT DU KATANGA. UNQUOTE

~~m -"I COL G-75 ir?3 21 19 Si + 3~~

~~PSE 2AP VIA GVA ™& mtA '' o 2! CO 62-033^c ,2 gp Translated from French~~

~~Cable~~

~~Date: 19 February 1962 From,: Mr. Gardiner To: The Secretary-General~~

~~Text of Cable~~

~~Following text of three letters sent by Adoula to Tshombe today:~~

~~1. "Leopoldville, 19 February 1962, No. 873/62, subject: Gendarmerie~~

Mr. President, I have the honour to inform you that I have duly noted the resolution which was adopted on 15 February 1962 by the Katanga Provincial Assembly accepting the declaration which you made at Kitona on 21 December 1961. In order to enable the Head of State to regularize, in accordance with article 23 of the Fundamental Law, the appointments of officers and non- commissioned officers which have been made in the gendarmerie, I should be grateful if you would send me, as quickly as possible, a complete list of the officers and non-commissioned officers now in service. Regards."

~~2. "Leopoldville, 19 February 1962, Wo. Bjk/62, subject: Reorganization of the Army.~~

Mr. President, I have the honour to inform you that I have duly noted the resolution which was adopted on 15 February 1962 by the Katanga Provincial Assembly accepting the declaration which you made at Kitona on 21 December 1961. With a view to consideration of the problem of the reorganization of the Army, I have summoned all general officers together with their staff to a meeting at Leopoldville on 26 February 1962 at which this question will be discussed. 62-035^2 gp -2-

General Moke and his staff are also invited to attend this meeting. I should be grateful if you would let me know the date on which General Moke and his colleagues will arrive at Leopoldville. Regards." 3- "Leopoldville, 19 February 1962, No. 875/62, subject: Provincial Assembly Mr. President, I have the honour to inform you that I have duly noted the resolution which was adopted on 15 February 1962 by the Katanga Provincial Assembly, accepting the declaration which you made at RLtona on 21 December 1961. With a view to the settlement of the internal problem of Katanga, it would be desirable for a session of the Provincial Assembly, attended by all the provincial elected representatives of Katanga, to be convened as quickly as possible in a place where security and freedom of expression could be fully guaranteed. The United Nations would be in a position to take all the necessary steps to ensure the safety of the provincial elected representatives. You, for your part, will also take all the necessary measures to enable this session to proceed normally. Regards." SSS LEO 462/459 1@ 1042Z »-

~~«-7« SEC6EN FROM 6ARBXN2R~~

~~FOLLOWING TEXT OF THREE LETTERS SENT BT ABOULA TO TSHOffiE TODAYS~~

~~i. LEOPOLDVIUJE1IP FEVRIER »«SfMO 873/«2,OBJETlCENDARMERIE~~

I MO&SIEUE LE PEESIDENT »J AI L HQHNEUK SE VOUS INFORMER QUE It f J AI PHIS 8QNNE KOTI BE LA RESOLUTION*

~~A E'TE PSISE EM BATE BU i5 FEVSIES *9S2 F»AR L ASSEMBLES * PROVINCIALE DU KATANGA ACCEPTANT LA DECLARATION QUE VOUS AVE2 FAITl: A KITONA LE 23- BECEM8SE f~~

BE PESHETTRE All CHEF BE L ETAT,C0NFQRMEMENT A L ARTICLE 23 BE LA LOI FONBAKEMTALE,SE REGULARISES LSS NOMINATIONS* D OFFICIERS ET BE SQUS-GFFICIERS QUI GNT ETE FAITES BANS LA GENDARMERIE,JE VOUS SERAIS THIS OBLIGE BE ?0ULOIR BIEN m FAIRS PARVENIR,DANS iES PLUS S1EFS BELAIS^LA LISTE COMPLETE BIS OFF1CIXRS ET SOUS-OFFICIEKS ACTUELLEMEMT EN SERVICE.,..* SALUTATIONS *UNftWOTE

~~. JU vLJOPOL0VlLiE»LE 19 FEVRIER* W' ^ ^•"—«•-=—»-,,,^ ^™S___JLTOW,»-.™^M^. .*—.,-> -«W"»"»'-"••"'!"">•="-• NO 874/62 ^OBJITJ HEQEGANISATIQN~~

LE PHESIDEMT5J AI L HONNEUR BE VOUS INFOHJ^ER J AI.PR1S BO^flE NOTE BE LA RESOLUTION OUI A ETE PRISE EN DATE BU 15 FEVEIER 19^ PAR L ASSE^BLEE FH0VINCIALE BU KATANGA, ACCEPTAKT LA DECLARATION QUE VOUS AVEZ*

~~FAITE A KITO^A LE 21 BECOTRE~~

~~EN VUE DE L EXAHEN BU PROBLIME BE LA REORGANISATION BE L J AI C0HVOa«E,POUR LE 2$ FEVEIER 1^S2,A LSO^OLBVlLLEj~~

TOUS LES OFFICIERS GENEBAUX AINSI QUE LEUHS COLLABORATEORS D ETAT-MAJORS £N tIME REUNION All GOURS BE LAQHELLE CETTE*

~~SERA BEBATTIIE~~

~~LE GENERAL MOKE, AIMS I SUE LES OFFICERS W, SOK ETAT-MA40R SWT -E€ALEWENT INVITES A CETTE~~

[ J£ VOyS SEHAIS RECONftAISSANT BE ME FAlEQ CONNAITRE LA SATE A LAQUELLE LE SEVERAL MOKE ET SE3 COLiABORATEURS ARHIVIRONT A LEOPOLBVILLE«*..SALyTATIONS.UNCiyotE i' S» LE0POLWILLE,* ; MONSIEUR LE PREiIBEMT,J L HGNNEUR ' Dj ouS INFORMER SUE J AI PHIS BOMNE NOTE BE LA RESOLUTION; QU£ A ETE PHIS

i UOEN BATE M? i5 FEVRIER 19^2 PAS L ASSEMBLES PKOVIMC1ALE BU KATAH6A» U BECLAEAflON QUE VUOUS*

~~FAItE A KItONA LE 21 BECIMB3E~~

BANS LE BUT BE REGLEH LE PaOBLEME INERIEUR BU KATANGA, II SERAIT Si UNE SESSION BE L ASSEMBLE PROVIHCIALE, TOUS LES EUJ3 PROVIJ?JCIAUX BU KATAKSA,PUISSE EIRE CSNVOfiUEE-tE PLUS RAPIKEWENT POSSXBLE-CII UN LIEU OU*

~~TWITS LES 0ARANTIES BE SECURITE ET 0EiLIiESTE D EXPRESSION KIKE ASSUREES* ! Is L ORGANISATION SES RATIONS UNIES FOulAI? JCTTRE EN OEUVRE TOUS LIS mWlS EN VUE BE GARANIR LA sfeeURITE DES ELUS~~

~~m VOTHE COtE,VOUS PRENBREZ ESALE^EfiT TOUTES MESUSES NECESSAISES EM VUE BE PERMETTRE LI BEBJ&ULEMEMT NORMAL DE CETTE.. .a SESSION,..*. SALUTATIONS .UNQUOTE-f • , ;~~

~~COL MS 1. 19 19€2, S7/€2 19«3 21 SSl 23 2, 1^ 1962 IS 19(58 21 i96l 2~~

JADOWILLE. ATTENBU QUE LE KATANGA EST UK ET RESTERA INDIVISIBLE. ATTENDU QUE TOUTES LES PRETENTIOUS DU GQUVERNEMENT DE LEOPOLD- VILLE TENDANT A DIVISER LE KATANGA, SONT DE MATURE A PERPERTUER LES MALHEURS BE NOS POPULATIONS, ATTENDU QUf ANT L' ARRIVES DE L'HOMME BLANC DANS NOTRE PAYS, LE KATANGA * PS »" N' AVAIT RIEN DE COMMUN AVEC LES AUTRES REGIONS ET FUT ERIGE EN PROVINCE DISTINCTE POUR LES BESOINS DE L1 ADMINISTRATION, A PREUVE QUE iATSON, PREMIER EXPLO- RATEUR ACCOMPAGNANT CECIL RHODES DECLARA A SON PASSAGE A BROKEN-HILL aU*!L SE RENDAIT AU KATANGA. ATTENDU QUE LE CONGO FUT ERIGE EN" UN SEUL «

PAR LA BELGIQUE ET LES NATIONS REPRESENTEES A LA CONFERECE DE BERLIN, IL EST A NOTER QUE LE KATANGA FORMAIT UN ENTITE A PARTj SEULE ENTITE ADMINISTRATIVE &UI FUT JUSQU'EN 1933 D1RIGEE PAR. UN VI CE-GOUVERNEUR- GENERAL* LE KATANGA FUT UNI SANS LE CONSEMTEMENT DES CHEFS * COUTUMIERS ET, LORSQUE FUT SUPPRIME LE VICE-GOUVERNEMENT- -GENERAL B'EVILLE, LE VICE-GOUVERNIUR EN FQNCTION, H. HEENEN/BEMISSIONA. ATTENDU SUE NOUS, LES CHEFS COUTUMIERS, SQMMES POUR UN KATANGA UNI ET INDIVISIBLE, ET CONTRE TOUTES LES DIVISIONS PRECONISEES PAR LE SINISTRE SENDEE mi, sous L' IMPULSION *

BE PUISSANCES ETRANGERES, A PLONGE LE NORB- KATANGA DANS LA RUINE, LA MISERE ET LE CHAOS* CfEST POURQUOI NOUS VOULONS FAIRE SAVOIR A TOUTE L* OPINION INTERNATIONALE ailE SENBWE N'A RECU BE NOUS, AUTORITES COUTUMIERES, AUCUN MANDAT POUR REPRESENTER LE KATANGA AUPRES BES AUTORITES BE L* ONU AU » P7 » CONGO SE JUSTIFIAIT DU FAIR GtUE LE DESOHBRE Sf Y ETAIT ERABLI PARTOUT BEPUIS L* ACCESSION DU PA^S A L* INBEPENDANCE, SAUF AU KATANGA OU L1 I^5VASION ET LE DESORDRE ONT ETE PROVOQUE PAR L'AIBE KATERIEtLE FOURNIE PAR L'ONU, ATTENDU QUE, GONTRAIREMENT AUX ENGAGEMENTS FORfffiLS PRIS PAR LE SECRETAIRE GENERAL DE* PS * L'ONU, BE NfENVO¥ER QU'UN DETACHEfJENT SYMBOLIQUE BE QUELQUES HOMMES, LES FORCES BE L'ONU ONT ETE CONSTAMMENT RENFORCEES ET GROUPENT DANS LA SEULE REGION PROSPERS ET PAISIBLE BE L* EX-CONGO , PLUS m LA MOITIE BES EFFECTIFS TOTAUX BE Lf"®NU EN AFRIQUE CENTRA LE, POUR CES MOTIFS CLN NOUS PEOTEST0NS « P9 * ENERGI©UE1!5ENT CONTRE TOUTE IBEE BE DIVISION BU KATANGA EN DEUX PARTIES. LA SOLIBARITE EXISTS AU KATANGA BEPUIS L* ORIGIN! BE C£ PA^S. IL SUFFIT BE RAPPELER ttUE LORS BE LA REVOLTS DES SOLBATS BETETELA, LES CHEFS KATANGAIS SE SONT TOUS GROUPES POUR S» OPPOSES A LEURS IN€URSJQN$ ET ONT » i" REUSSI A SARBER LE PA1JS A L'ABRI BE LEURS BEPHEBATIONS. EN BEN0NGANT SES MEFAITS BE^SGLBATS MUTINES, NOUS REPRQUVOttS EGALEMENT LA CQNBUITE BE L'ONU VIS A VIS BIT PEUPLE KATANGAIS AUQUEL CETTE ORGANISATION s"f ATTAQUE SANS AUTRE MOTIF SEMBLE-T-IL, SUE CELUI BE VOULQIR FAV0RISER DES " INTEREST CAPITALIZES APPAREMHENT «

AMERI CAINS. MOOS AtTIRONS L* ATTENTION BE NOS FRERES DU GONSO SUR LE FAIT QUE LES PLANS BE KENNEBY, STEVENSON ET AUT8ES, POM S'APPROPRIER LES RIGHESSES MINIERES W KATANGA ET DIAMANT- IFERES'BU SUD-KASAI SONT LES SEULS FACTEURS aui POUSSENT A SE MAINTENIR AU CONGO EX-BEL6E. NOUS NE * P12/51 * COMPRENONS PAS POURQUOl IINE ORGANISATION CREEE POUR LA PAIX, NOUS A ATTA&0E PAR BEUX FOIS ET COMPROJ1ET A Lf MEURE AGTUELLE L'ECONOMIE SE NOTRE PAYS AU BETRIMENT BE NOS POPULATIONS. SI U THANT ESTIME QUE GETTE ACTION S' APPELLE auOTE FAIRE LA PA1X UNQUOTE ET A MEJ5E FELICITE SES SOLBATS B* AVOIR, »

A L* OCCASION BE CES OPERATIONS GUERRIERES, MASSACRE BES €OMBAT TANTS KATANGAIS ET DES GIVILS DONT LES FEMMES ET DES ENFANTS, ALORS NOUS BISONS CARREMENT QUOTE NON UNQUOTE A L' ACTION SE L'ONU AU KATANGA, A CAUSE BES INTRIGUES BE CAPITALISTES STRANGERS, TOUM LE NORD BE NOTRE PA^S EST PLONGE » P 14 * BANS LE HALHEUR « NOUS NOUS OPPOSONS ENER6IQUED5ENT CONTRE TOUTES MANOEUVRES TENDANT A SACRIFIER LE BIEN- ETRE BES POPULATIONS QUE NOUS BEPRESENTONS, LOUS, LES CHEFS BU KATANGA , EN CONSEQUENCE, NOUSCONSIREONS QUE TOUTES TRAGTATIONS ENTEE LE GOUVERNEMENT AMERICAIN ET LE GOUVERNMENT N ENGAGE QUE M. ABOULA LUI*MFME « ET SON GOUVERNHENT , NQUSN CHEFS COUTUMIERS BU KATANGA TOUT ENTIER, VEILLANT SUR LE BONHEUR DE NQS POPULATIONS, NOUS A-BRESSONS A TOUS LES PAYS AFRICAINS EPRIS DE LIBERTE POUR QU ILS EXAMINENT LA CAUSE DE L EX-CONGO BELGE ET EN PARTICULAR CELLE BU KATUNGA QUE LES CAPITALISTES AMERISAINS PAR * P 16 *> LE TRUCHPffiNT BE L ONU ONT L INTENTION BE SAPPROPIER* SI LE MONDE LIBRE NE VUET PAS REAGIR GONTRE LES MASSACRES PERPETRES PAR GETTE ORGANISATION APPUVEE PAR LES PUTINS BE LEOPOLDVILLE CAR NOUS NE VOYONS PAS DE DIFERENCE ) NOUS NOUS VERRONS BANS L OBLIGATION BE PRENBRE LES MESURES aui s IMPOSE. 9 P 17 * aUANB IL S AGIT BU MASSACRE BE J3 AVIATEURS ITALIENS A KINBU ET B UNE VINGTAINE BE MISSIONAIRES BELGES A KONGMLM LE MONBE LIBRE S EfffiUT . QUANB IL S AGIT BE SINTAINES BE KATANGAIS BONT PLUSIEURS CMIFS LE MOMBE LIBRE ET SPEGIALEMENT LES NATIONS UNIES NE S EN SOUGIENT PAS . PLAISE A * P 18/5* » BIEU aiJE TOUTES LES NATIONS ET NOTAMMENT LES NATIONS AFRICAINES eOMPRENNENT QUE LES NATIONS UNIES ON FAILLI A LEUR MISSION PRIMORBIALE 8 LA SAUVEGARBE BE LA VIE, LA PROPERITE ET LA PAIX BE TOUTES LES POPULATIONS. SIGNATURE BE CHEFS SOUTMIERS BU KATANGAJ CHEFS S TUMBWE MINANGA - - fERRITOIRE ALBESWILLE, « P If/51 * HANBA KASEIE J * TERRITOIRE BAUBOUINVILLE, KAYAJ1BALA KILANGA MARCO, KOLWE2I N* KOLINBE, LUBEHBE LANBERT- - TERRITQIRE KONGOLO , LENGWE MONTEKA- TERRITOIRE NYUN2UN .J^sIENBA NUMONSQ ( BAYERKE) *• 5344859843 p MANDA KASEIE J - TERRITOIRE BAUDOUINVILLE, KAYAMBALA KILANGA MARCO, KOLWEZI N« KOLINBE, LUBEMBE LANBERT- - TERRITOIRE KONGOLQ , LENGflE MQNTEKA- TERBITOIRE NYUNZUN MWEJ3M NUMONGQ< BAYERKE) - TERRITOIRE UJBUBI ,, MJLUfJBU, NSOIE PAUL, KAZEMiE TSKISANGAMA- TERRITOIRE BILOLO^ SAKAYAONGO, HUYEYE* * p ao * KANUAiA- TERRITOIRE D£ DILOLO, SULUSEKE, KA2EHSE MUTANDA, PAMUJINA, TSHAHIKA, TSHISENGE, MBAYO BITENTE-

~~- TERRITOTIRE SANBOA, TSPIPAO IDEM, LUMANGA IDEN f MUTEBA, MWATSHISEN6E, MWATA-YAMVO«TERRITOIRE KAPANCA, MtlTOMBO MUKULU - TERRITOIRE KANIAMA, KASONSO NIEMBO- - TERRITOIRE KAMINA , KAPAMXY - »~~

P Si «! TERRIT0IRE BWKAMA, ^JPIINGir IBEM^ KABENGEJ£, KIK©MA, MULUN60 KULUKULU KIN«3I« T1RRITOISE MALEMBA- NKitl, KAPONSA TERRITOIRE KIPUSKI , KATANGA A -' TERRITOIRE KAMBOVE, PANBE, iUKOSHI, MPOYO, KIKUYU, MAYANSE »MWAiESA, SHAMAiENGE, , KISUNKA, MUBA3L0, KIIME, V P'82/91 « mrLAKBi, mjFUNeA- TERRITOIRE MITWABA, TOKOMBO- IBEN, KIT0B© » KAMFA, SAMifE, BIQMA N€tOIE, MUOBI, KAUNSA, HUSABILA, KATETE- HRRITOIRE KASEN6A, KISAMAKBA, KAMPOMifE* NKA^BO, SAPWE TEMSINESHA, KIKUffGH, FINiAMlWA- TERRITOIRE SAKAfJIA, KATAU, * , NGQSA KAPANDA, MUFUMBI,..SEHEICE, MHENBA KOMBG MELEKI, MUPALQ KYAPOSUKA, BEUXIEME MOTIONS NOUS, CHEFS COUTURIERS BH KATANGA REUNI5 EN SEANCE PLENIERE A JA10TVILLE, AYANT APPRIS SUE L ON0 NOURRIT L INTENTION BE S INSTAUIR A JABOTVILLE, KOLWE2I , ET KZIL0, * p avsi » H0US NOUS OPPOSONS A GE PRO JET. AYANT CONSTATE QUE PAR TOUT OU L ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE SJ INSTAU.E L ORDRE flUI Y RE5NAIT EST 8EMPIACE PAR LE BESOHDRE, LA PAIX PAR LA eiJERRE, LA TRAMSUILITE B ESPRIT BE NQS POPULATIONS PAR L ANS0ISSE, NGUg ME V00LONS PAS B IME PRESENCE BE L ONU FUT-ELLE S^3B0L0Q0E, * - P 25/33 * DANS LES LOCALITES PHECITEES SIEGES BE NOS PRINCIPALES INBUSTRIES. NOUS NE NOUS LAISSERONS IMTIMIBER PAR AUGUNE MENACE ET NOUS SAURONS conm PAR LE PASSE BEFENBRE NOTRE LIBERTE ET NOTRE PAYS, UNQUOTE *

~~GQL 18~~

~~PSE MAKE CK 123S RPT 123S~~

~~TKS BURROWS 62-03450 Translated from French~~

~~..Jf , f., .,,,, . Cable (-.~~

~~Date: 20 February 1962 / From: Gardiner ! '. To: The Secretary-General~~

~~Following 299):~~

~~"Local Press is publishing today following text of resolutions taken by~~

~~meeting of Gradschefs in Jadotville: Jadotvill.Leje i n-Te, ^*e customary chiefs of Katanga assembled in plenary meetingYfrofrom 16~~

~~to 18 February 1962,~~

~~'Whereas Katanga is one and will remain indivisible,~~

~~'T,.;hereas all the plaim^^of the Leopoldville Government (. .. . *Jr. ,z.j \~~

~~'Vhereas before the white man's arrival in our country Katanga had nothing in~~

~~common with the other regions and was constituted a separate province for purposes~~

~~of administration, as witness the fact that Watson, the first explorer accompanying~~

~~Cecil Rhodes, stated on passing through Broken Hill that he was going to Katanga,~~

~~'Whereas the Congo was constituted a single country by Belgium and the nations~~

~~represented Berlin Conference. It should be noted that Katanga formed a~~

~~the—only/administrative controlled by a Vice-~~

~~Oovernor~f>,neral(until 193^) Katanga was united with the Congo without the consent BURROWS £&s3&3W 62-03450~~

~~of the customary chiefs and, when the Vice-Government-ffeneral of Elisabethville~~

~~then was abolished, Mr. Heenen, the/Vice -Cover nor, resigned. A~~

~~'V'/hereas we, the customary chiefs, are in favour of a united and indivisible tat^vJPwn*-*/^ Katanga and opposed to all the YlLuibiuu1^ advocated by the sinister Sendwe who,~~

~~at the instigation of foreign Powers, has plunged North Katanga into ruin, misery (^^•e^^e^, and chaos. Therefore we wish to make it known to international opinion ggneVally~~

~~that Sendwe has received no mandate from us, the customary authorities, to 'w«.~~

~~i omission > some yfS8&5X3G£ss%Xig here_7 was justified by the fact that disorder had become rife~~

~~everywhere since the country's accession to independence, except in Katanga where -+U. invasion and disorder were provoked byf material assistance supplied by the United~~

~~Nations .~~

~~'Whereas, contrary to the solemn undertakings given by the Secretary-General~~

~~of the United Nations to send only a token detachment of a few men, the United~~

~~Nations forces have been constantly reinforced and/gr-oV" i-ftg^in the only prosperous~~

and peaceful region of the former Congo, more than half the totalfstrength _A '• *

~~United Nations/in Central Africa,~~

~~vigorously protest against any idea of dividing Katanga into two parts. BURROWS 362x2£lW 62-034.50~~

~~Solidarity ha^ existed in Katanga since origin!? (~~

~~It is sufficient to recall that when the Beteltela soldiers revolted *the Katangese chiefs fet^ banded together to ppooo/uieir $a&s&&3&BSjfc*9f!GP3a&^&&e&G and succeeded~~

~~\ S^LVV^ / C £K> i .>! *~ <*& &* \, in prntiTtil ng ththe country from ih^ir r depreffiiatiouffo i 62-03450 Pfefferblit Translated from French~~

~~While denouncing these *Jigdeis*HT by mutinous soldiers, we also condemn~~

~~the -JBBteBgfflac'latihd.vioug' of the United Nations iv±Li]n?" Js^s$feucL-±5^the i£atangese~~

~~people, which that organization is attacking for no other reason, it would~~

~~seem, than because it wishes to promote i3jsx±H±EESsJfcs what are apparently~~

~~-Amcrioan capitalist interests. "We draw the attention of our Congolese~~

~~brothers to the fact that the plans of Kennedy, Stevenson and others to~~

~~appropriate the mineral wealth of Katanga and the tfarsKnraA diamond wealth~~

~~in the former Belgian Congo, vie do not understand why an organization \-Jtf) JG*q&&0Af4- . / established u&gJblao ^BQko^af peaee has attacked us twice .and is now threatening~~

~~the economy of our country to the detriment of our people. If U Thant considers~~

~~^4»Ut vl g/i itjifrt, this -r"tnnn T **-"° ' f "making peace" and has even congratulated his ^ -^>WAJU^)^ soldiers £e-5? having, during these we;Klike--©pe¥«%io»&s massacred Katangese~~

~~combatants and civilians, including -women and children, then we say flatly~~

~~'No1 to the United Nations action in Katanga. Because of the intrigues of~~

~~foreign capitalists, the entire north of our country -hac boon, plunged ^~~

~~Weenergetically oppose any SSHHE manoeuvres which would sacrifice~~

~~the welfare of the peoples wgmncMpjfMK^Mli. we the chiefs of Katanga represent. 62-03450 Pfefferblit~~

~~Accordingly, we consider that any dealings between the United States~~

Government and the Congolese Government can commit only Mrtf Adoula himself and his Government. We the customary chiefs of all 4? Katanga, concerned for the welfare of our people, ^a&r""all the freedom-loving African countries to examine the case of the former Belgian Congo and in particular that of

~~Katanga, which the itaorioaa'capitalists/ through the' United Nations} intend~~

~~.. p- <> to appropriate/* If the free world jfi&ers."*?Jul"*'wibH to IfcactyW the massacres —• ^^ * w~~ /~~

by that organization, supported by the Leopoldville mutineers (for we see no difference between them) we will be compelled to take the necessary measures. When thirteen y. Italian airmen are massacred at Kindu and a score of Belgian missionaries at Kongolo^there is an outcry in the free world. When hundreds of Katangese are massacred, including several

chiefs, the free wo ridt and in particular the United Nations is it please God reflfall the nations, and in particular the African nations, f^w^s*****-! ass* that the United Nations has failed its basic

~~safeguard the lives, property and peace of all peoples. Sign~~

~~chiefs of Katanga: chiefs: Tumbwe Minanga, Albertville territory; Kanda Kaseie J,~~

~~Baudouinville territory'} Kayambala liilanga Marco^ Kolwezi N. Kolinde," Lubembe 62-03450 Pfefferblit~~

~~Lanbert, Kongolo territory; Lengwe Monteka, Nyunzun territory; Muenda~~

~~Wumongo (Bayerke) MORTISHED-~~

~~u 3 *• 1 Manda Kaseie J - Baudoinville/£ €rritoryJ Kayambala Kilanga Marco,'~~

~~Kolwezi IT. KolindeJ Lubembe Lanbert - Kongolo j&drritoryj Lengwe Monteka -~~

~~Wyunzun Territory'Mwenda ITumongo (Bayerke) - Lubudi JPelrritory; Mulumbu,~~

~~Itfgoie Paul, Kazembe Tshisangama - Dilolo^rritory,' Sakayaongo, Muyeye, K jiiandala - Dilolo Territory,* Suluseke, Kaiaembe Mutanda, Pamujina, Tsha^iika, n~~

~~Tshisenge, Mbayo Ditente - Sandoa x3!errit oryJ Tspipao Idem, Lumanga Iden,~~

~~MuteBia, Mwatshisenge, Mvrata-Yamvo - Kapanga JPerritory,* Mutombo Mukulu -~~

~~^ Kasongo Membo - Kamina !?erritory,' Kapamzy -~~

~~Bukama /err^bryV j Upungu Iden, Kabengele, Eikoma, Mulvmgo Kuku|tuku Kingi ( '"• Malemba Territory!^ Wklu, Kaponda Kipushi .S^rritory'SipSBaaaj^, Katanga A - -r / >~~

~~Kambove ^rritory,* Pande, L^ikosM, Mpoyo, Mulumbi, Kikuyu, Mayande,~~

~~Mwabesa, Shamalenge, Mubambe, Kisunka, Musalu, Kieme, V K Mulandi, Mufunga - Mitwaba Territory^ Tomombo- Iden, jrfitobo, Kamfa,~~

~~Sambwe, Diona Ngoie, Muobe, Kalir ;a, Musabila, Katete - Kasenga J?erritory,A~~

~~Kisamamba, Kampombwe, Jt«*«ftii Ikambo, Sapwe Tengenesha, Kikungu, Pindamina-~~

~~Sakania /Territory? Katala,Jfeftewfty^Wgosa Kapanda, Ifcfumbi, Sereice,~~

~~Mwenda Mulilu, Kombo Melelci, Mupalo Kyaposuka.~~

~~Second potion~~

~~We, /customary chiefs of Katanga, teepfetecssr'in plenary meeting at Jadotville, 62-03450 MORTISHED paving learirat that \?$(is planning to XH2X&H establish itself at~~

~~Jadotville, Kolwezi and Fzilo, oppose this plan. Haying nottthed that wherever the international Organization establishes itself the order which~~

is replaced by disorder, peace is replaced by war and the 3 peace of mind of our peoples is replaced by fear. We do not wish to have even a pymbolar^ tgy^presenoe in the above-mentioned •w*ws where our main

f ' industries are loea&ed. We s&all not allow ourselves to be intimidated by any threat and, as in the past, we shall know how to defend our freedom and our country. * 1 ©i*wT •*^3% Wfr*f felif w*! ©&f^t **sPa *^3i<$*&af

* 12 & OW 378 THIS 808t)IN€ THAT IS VIS* 82PQ&TS S0 at THIS A3

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~~THJE KITOHA BECLARATION AND ALSO IK REFUSING Tfffi EH TRY OF UN • w$m ist$ jmmmx m mimn~~

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GY218 F iEO 479 23 17562 PI/51 ETAT UNATIONS REFERENCE YOUR 607 STOP ENQUIRIES SHOW THAT ONLY ONE OF THE CORRESPONDENTS CITED TRAVELLED ON ONUC AIRCRAFT WITH VALID MOVEMENT ORDER. THIS WAS MACKENZIE OF BBC WHO HAD- BEEN ILLE- GALLY ARRESTED BY JEUNESSE IN STANLEYVI LE AND WAS EVACUATED FOR OWN SAFETY. * PS * THE OTHERS WERE APPARENTLY PERMITTED ON ONUC PLANE WITHOUT PROPER VTRAVEL AUTHORIZATION INCLUDING HALBERTSTAM OF NEWYORK TIME WHO ACCOMPANIED GEORGE IVAN SMITH TO ELISABETHVILLE . CORRESPONDENTS WHO HAVE THUS TRAVELLED ON ONUC AIRCRAFT IN EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES WITHOUT TRAVEL AUTHROI2ATION INCLUDE LAZARUS OF PRESS TRUST OF INDIA. WE HAVE GIVEN » P3 =

CAREFUL CONSIDERATION TO THE POSSIBILITY OF RELAXING THE PRESENT RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF ONUC AIRCRAFT FOR NON-OFFICIAL PER- SONNEL AND REALIZE THAT THERE WOULD BE CERTAIN ADVANTAGES TO UNATIONS IN PERMITTING THIS WHEN COMMERCIAL MEANS OF TRAVEL ARE NOT AVAILABLE, PARTICULARLY IN CASES WHERE IT MIGHT BE IMPOSSIBLE OTHERWISE » P4 • TO MAKE PUBLIC THE GOOD WORK UNDERTAKEN IN THE PROVINCES. THIS VIEW IS SUPPORTED BY THE FOLLOWING CABLE RECEIVED ON IS JANUARY FROM BRIAN URQUHART IN ELISABETHVILLE 8 QUOTE MTHE MORE EYE SEE OF IT THE CRAZIER SOME ASPECTS OF OUR PRESS POLICY SEEM TO BE NOTABLY BLANKET REFUSAL * PS * EVER TO TRANSPORT CORRESPONDENTS IN UN AIRCRAFT. EYE KNOW ALL THE LEGAL AND PRACTICAL JUSTIFICATIONS FOR THIS BUT IN A SITUATION WHERE THERE ARE NO ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF TRAVEL AND WHERE UNATIONS IS DOING A JOB OF WHICH IT SHOULD BE PROUD IT SEEMS FOOLISH TO DEPRIVE PRESS CORRESPONDENTS • • PS.*.. J^ OPPORTHMTTV TA rrSwrb -VL^TS. -F--R EXAMPLE CORRESPONDENTS IN EVILLE HAVE NO METHOD f . "• OF GETTING TO LEO, STANLEYVILLE OR ALBERTVILLE EXCEPT BY ' LONG AND VERY DEVIOUS ROUTES. BELIEVE WE HAVE LOST MANY OPP- ORTUNITIES OF FAVORABLE PRESS COVERAGE IN THIS WAY IN * P7 * LAST WEEKS. WOULD IT BE POSSIBLE NOW THAT IVAN SMITH IS IN WEWYORK AGAIN TO RAISE THIS POINT WITH HEADQUARTERS. OBVIOUSLY SUCH ASSISTANCE TO PRESS WOULD NOT APPLY IN NORMAL CONDITIONS. EYE RECALL MANY OCCASIONS IN CONGO ADVISORY COMMITTEE WHEN UNATIONS PUBLIC RELATIONS HAVE BEEN CRITICIZED AND * PS * SUGGEST AS ONE METHOD OF MEETING SUCH CRITICISMS. UNQUOTE - IT IS REALIZED THAT OPENING OF OUR AIRCRAFT FACILITIES TO THE PRESS EVEN ON SPACE AVAILABLE BASIS, COULD CREATE MANY PROBLEMS. WE WOULD NOT RECOMMEND THIS STEP TO BE TAKEN ON ROUTES WHERE AIR CONGO PASSENGER AND * PS * FREIGHT SERVICES ARE OPERATING REGULARLY. THE PLACES NOT SERVED BY AIR CONGO ARE ELISABETHVILLE, KABALO, KONGOLO AND, OF COURSE, KAMINA BASE WHERE QNUC AIRCRAFT ONLY ARE PERMITTED* WE WOULD BE GRATEFUL FOR YOUR CONSIDERATION AND APPROVAL [ W PRINCIPLE FOR OUR RELAXING THE PRESENT RESTRICTIONS *

I?'- . ; P10/29 * TO FACILITATE TRANSPORT OF PRESS CORRESPONDENTS TO SCENES OF f ONUC ACTIVITIES IN CASES WHICH IN OUR VIEW THE BEST INTERESTS £' Z§ OF THE UNATIONS WOULD BE SERVED BY SUCH CONCESSIONS. + o r?

~~COL G-S6 €07 IS-h c -• •^ t/r FFF LEO 14* S» 13 982 EfAt~~

~~urn DPI 3^9 CARRUTRKRS FEO^ mmmm* STATEMENT CONTINUES T0BA1S BRIEFING STOP CORSES PONBENT3 CONTINUED TO FSH BSTAILi AS TO WHAT WftlTTEN 68 FORMAL CONBITIONS MAS BESS TOUtlB if iSAmseA~~

HIS INTENTION LSOPOLBVJLil STOP 9N HAVE GIVEK 'ALL tw&iAt«fE£S ORIGINALLY XEQ^ESTCD ANS HE is ASKING FOR STILL mm THIRTEEN ITALIAN AIRMEN MASSACRES KINSU NOW SSNTinES ANS AEEIVIi LET if AIR LATE UST NliKT STOP LHOT STATE ITALIAN KANffAR UB.TIU AIRPORT EMBALi 4-

~~O NITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y* (For use of information media -- not an official record)~~

~~Note No, 2512 2h February 1~~

~~NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS~~

~~STATEMENT Hf A UNITED NATIONS SPOKESMAN~~

This statement is made to avoid any misunderstanding which might arise frcra the fact, as reported today by the ONUC Representative in Elisabethville, that Mr» Tshombe has requested, by letter, from the United Kingdom and the United States, a guarantee of his safe return should he go to Leopoldville, as- he has said he will, for talks with Prime Minister Adoula looking toward reconciliation of their differences. Mr, Tshombe had previously sought such a guarantee from the United Nations and had received it in writing, assuring him of full protection to, during and from his visit to Lecpcldville, including full freedom to choose the time of his departure from Lecpoldville. The UN gave to him and fulfilled the same guarantee when Mr0 Tshcmbe went to Kitona in December for talks with Mr0 Adoula. The Secretary-General and his representatives in the Congo are exerting every effort to bring about another meeting between Mr, Adoula and Mr, Tshombe, this time in Leopoldville, There is reason to hope that this meeting will take place. Speculation and rumor about the likelihood of early fighting between United Nations and Katangese armed forces are not helpful to the efforts toward conciliation. The UN, to be sure, has its differences with Katangese authorities, but it is very hopeful of its ability to work out all differences without resort to force. The UN Force will, of course, defend itself should it be attacked.

* , V f \ • FEBiJ.i ;if

~~LEO ETAf NATIONS V~~

~~YG17S S NY 281/27S 25 22J72 EfAt ffXOSm~~

UEQ * 1925 GARBINER FROM BUUCHE STOP FOLLOWING STATEMENT BY SP9KES- BELEASEB ON 24 FEB SfDP aUOfg THIS STATEMEHT IS ?0 AVOID ANY MIGHT ARISE" WoTTTHTT ACT, AS REPORTED T0BAY BY THE QNUC HEPHISEKFTATIVE 1$ ELISABETWILLE, THAT MR, TSH0MBE HAS HESUESTEB, - PS » 1Y LETTER, FROM THE UNITED KIMB0M ANB THE HHITED STATES, A GUARANTEE OF HIS SAFE 8ETUH8 SHOULD HE 50 TO LEQP0LBVILLE, ANB ME HAS SAID HE WILL, F01 TALKS ®ITH PRIME MINISTER ABGULA LOOKING RECONCILIATION OF THEIR BIFFEREWCES* MR* TSH0MBI HAS PREVIOUSLY SOUGHT SOCK * '"'P5 * A 6UAHAKTEE FBOM THE UKITE5 KATJOKS AND HAD RECEIVES IT IN fiRZYXNG, ASStmiNG KIM OF FULL PROTECTION TO, &URIM6 AND FROM HIS VISIT TO LEOPOLDVILLE» IKeLUBIKg FULL FESEBOM TO CHOC5SE THE i' TIME OF HIS DEPASTURE FEOK LEOPOLBVILLE. THE UN gAVE TO KIM FULFILLSH THE

~~GUAMfitEE VKEN ME, TSHOMBE ¥EKT TO K1TOKA IN &ECE^BEB FOR TALKS WITH m* ABOULA. THE SEeREtARY-GENESAL AHB HIS REPRESENTATIVES W THE CGM6 ARE EXERTING EVERY IFfORT TO BRIKG ABOUT ANOTHER~~

MOTNe BETWEEN MR. ABOITLA AND MR. TSHOMBE, THIS TIME IN LEOPOLD- V1LLE* THERE IS KEASOM TO HOPE THAT * PI * THIS MEETIMS WILL TAKE PLA0E. SPECULATION AND RUMOE ABOWT THE LIKELIHOOD OF EAHLY FlfifHTIKG BETWEEN ^ITEB NATIONS AND KATAN€ESE AHMED FORCES ME N©T HELPFOL TO THE EFFORTS TOWAHD CONCILIATION.

THE UN, TO BE SURE, HAS ITS 0IFFEREKCES WITH KATANSESE AUTHORITIES* c rr? tC5 ^ BUT JT IS VERY HOPEFUL * £ q f ( i^ ' T\ P6/2S « :B ^ '.3 ;* en -- OF JETS ABILITY TO WOSK OUT ALL BIFFEHENCIS WITHOUT EESOHT TO -- - --, ^ "^ - ^ FORCE. THE UN FORCE WILL, OF COURSE, BEFEKB ITSELF SHOULD IT BE ' J ,-,-, 1 t1— ** ""•* AtTA€KEB, UNQUOTE 4 ' c o5

G0t, QNUC *423 BUMCHE FR0H MACEOIN STOP TO EMAILS YOU SUFFICIENT TIME F08 TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS FOLLOraS INFORMATION IS SUPPLIES •swctw STOP ALPHA SIXTEEN ARGENTINIAN SROUNB CREW INCLUDING FLIGHT INSINfIRS W% FOR REPATRIATION OK 20 &ABCH SHOULD REPATRIATE &JIT100T REPLACEMENT ABOUT THAT BATE AS ABSENTIA IS TO PROVIDE

STOP BRAVO SGANMKAVIAH AIR ANS GSOU^IB CSEW EXPECTED TO ARRIVE FIRST PAET QF g5ASGH ANB ft Li RELEASE IKBIA^ C-4? PERSONNEL STOP INBIAM C«^T GR00m) CRI¥ TOTALLING SIXTEEN THEREFORE MOT STRICTLY REQUIRED A&B WAV IF CONVENIENT @E EARLY ^ARGH STOP MIA8 G-47 AIR CHEW TOTALLING SH0SLS HOWEVER STAY * P3/88* TILL MIBBLE OF MARCH TO SECURE SUFFICIENT OVERLAP WITH SCANDINAVIAN AIH €REW WO WILL mm SQ&E BAYS JOINT INTH0BUGTI0K BEFORE BECOKINS OHIRATIONAL STOP FOR PLANNING AGGOHMOBATION AS WELL AS OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS IJ1P01TANT FOR THIS Em TO BE ABVISEB 0F FINAL BATES AND MEANS OF TRAVEL FOR INBIAN AND PERSONNIL ^*

: IN SECOND LINE PA6E i CROSS OUT AFTER SUPPLIES [, : ^ £ 1.8* StJPVLtfB UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United fct^.c^ N.Y. (For use of information media -- not an official record)

~~Note Wo. 26 February 19 62~~

MOTE TO Following la & sviinia.ry of the views expressed at a press conference in Leopoldville today "by the Officer- in-Cliarge of UN Operations in the Con^o, Robert Gardiner: Mr. Gardiner declared that Major Dick Lawson, attached to CUUC's Nigerian Brigade Headquarters at Luluabourg, had landed in Kongolo, Northern Katnr;ga, ora the afternoon of Friday, 23 February. Major Lawson and his Swedish pilot were welcomed by about 3'^0 K&taagese gendarmerie and on --eturn from a stay of some hours reported that civilians there were in no apparent danger. He said the idea of a UK presence in Kongolo seeded to have been accepted. Mr. Gardiner anaovoiced that OFiJC had greatly expanded its network of patrols in many provinces, including Kivu and Kasai, and was considering a further expansion into Orieatsle and Ecuateur. These activities were already showing results in that most of the National Congolese Army (AKC) forces passing through the patrols on their return to Stanleyville had caused no incidents. Air patrols were to begin soon, he said, and some of the planes would carry medical supplies and food. The purpose of the extended patrols would be to reassure people in distant parts that they were not cut off from forces of law and order and would enable OKUC to be on- the-spot to prevent such occurrences as the Kindu and Kongolo massacres. The Officer-in-Charge said that since the Kitona talks ONUC had been trying to discourage all movement of troops in the Congo in order to ensure a favorable atmosphere for the talks between Katangese authorities and the Central Government. Such "discouragement" applied equally to all troops, he said, but he pointed out the "delicate" problems of respect for Congolese sovereignty in this matter. In reply to questions, Mr. Gardiner said no date had yet been fixed for Moise Tshombe rs visit to Leopoldville. ONUC had given Mr. Tshombe the guarantees he had requested, he said, and was clearing others with the Central Government. "We will make sure that the guarantees we give Tshombe are worth something," he declared.

~~# -*-** * ACTION~~

~~CY%6 FFF LEO 279/272 27 89SSZe ETAT UNAT1GNS NEUYORK « 1 G126 SECGEN FROM GARDINER FOLLOWING FROM R0L2-BENKET~~

~~P4?~~

OF PRIESTS SHOULD BE SPOTLESS AND THERE SHOULD NOT BE OF PRIESTS SH0ULB BE SPOTLESS ANB THERE SHOULD NOT BE ANY SPOTS ON UNIFORMS OF THE SOLDIERS OF PEACE STOP UNFORTUNATELY WE ., ARE FAR FROM THAT 1BEAL UNQUOTE STOP STOP SAME PAPER PRINTS PICTURE OF STATE IN WHICH OFFICERS " '

OF LUBUMBASHI PLANT WERE FOUNB SHOWING UTMOST DISORDER STOP ANOTHER ARTICLE ESTIMATES DAMAGES SUFFEREB BY OIL COMPANIES TO 25 BILLIONS FRANCS ANB BECLARES THAT AT LUBUMBASH1 EVERY SAY NEW BESTRUCTIONS ARE BEING DISCOVERED STOP PLATINUM APPARATUS EVALUATED 600,000 FRANCS HAVE BEEN DESTROYED ANB SAGES FRACTURES STOP ARTICLE CONCLUDES THAT BAMASES * P6-2g« H SUFFERED BY KATANGA DURING RECENT EVENTS CAN BE EVALUATED TO ONE BILLION STOP EACHO SU KATANGA TAKES ALSO PART IN THE CAMPAIGN BUT NOT SO VIOLENTLY STOP UNQUOTE -H+

COL (ELLE0349) «0 70 Gi2$ 25 660,000+ £ I CTO FIT LEQ UEft a? ' ETAT *

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Uif'QlV^ lJll.Kv£flv«4tA&fefÔ^TS^KTA©T^!*^3 T^K^^&f^lC?!yftrrtrt&W^ IfHIîJauU^, ^PfflA^TBiJi««&iT< SÎO^fJif?itvKfl tP^FtT&w4t»4.JEt T 1»? VîÂ^*yy«i? *!Ptf*1Uk ¥/"rf^tAt£5/\t\v5'iwUt,T yî

~~? mM THIS kTtBnmm afrtrfEB STA^MENT REPORTED IY RADIO BRAZZAVILLE~~

mm HSTEIBA? BY KATAH€E3E MINIS TEH SHOTCE T0 EFFECT THAT EQBXPMEiiT fmm IN K0i©ii0 HAB LARGELY FURNISHED ST0P ^NATIONS SfAH^NT READS COtON TOTE THIS STATEHENT IS SSIfPLEtlLir 8NTRUE STOP SNZTEB KATIES HAVE NEVER SyPPiHB ANY MILITARY EQIflPfflOfT VHATSOSVER TO MTY MILITARY OR PARA MILITARY ORSAIflSATtOCf I$f *

~~THE G0N$0 PAEA SUCH AK ACT ¥©ULB BE COMPLETELY COITRARY TO THE MANDATE ©F TIE UNITED NATIONS F086IS IK THE C8M8© STSF UNQUOTE -,: ti»~~

~~1453 -'" .'•-•" v"~7 -; ,^'t: t'' '. -', UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION CLEAR CABLE SecGen from Gardiner 28 Feb. 1962 G-144~~

Following from Rolz-Benne/fr: "Following went to Tshombe yesterday: •At the first meeting of the Joint Investigation Commissions on mercenaries, held on B Feb. 62, the members of the United Nations requested that the following documents should, be put at the disposal of the Commissions: A. a list of mercenaries, indicating the names, nationality, grade, date of arrival, present address in Katanga or date of departure, means of transportation, destination of the units for vihich they served, amount that was given to them at their departure; B. a list of all foreign personnel at the service of the Katangese security and policy, showing the names, nationality, grade, date of arrival at the unit for which they now serve; C. a list of localities where the Katangese armed units are now stationed, so that a plan of visits may be organized. The Katangese members of the Commissions promised to make these documents available within the shortest possible time, but at this date, in spite of the insistence of the members appointed by the United Nations and in spite of their offer to co-operata with the Katangese members in the preparation of the lists, only one list rather incomplete has been made available. I am convinced that you will agree with me that the above mentioned documents are extremely important and will allow the Commissions, which were appointed by common agreement, to continue their work having at their disposal all the necessary data. During the last meeting of the Joint Commissions, the Katangese members requested that an official letter should be sent to you in order to obtain the required documents. In order to avoid any loss of time, I take the liberty - 2 - to urge that these documents be placed at the disposal of the Joint Commissions as quickly as possible. I hope, however, that, in the future, the Commissions — in view of their mandate — will be able to continue operating as before without written request being submitted each time that information is required. Please accept, etc. ' " t

~~354~~

STQ? FOUOVIMS ROLZ**BCI0iEtT CEiiEO QUOTE STOP FOLLOWING WENT TO fSITOfiBE QUOtE MONSIEUH UE P8ES1DSMT A LA nt£HIEBE 0ES €914HlffS10NS MIXTES B ttR LS 8 FEVBISR CMA LE3 ME^BRES DES NATIONS UHIES 0NT •* f* * LES BQCtfMEirrS SUIVANTS SOIENT MIS A LA mn COMMISSIONS CLN A) ONE LISTS BES MERCENAZRES INBOTANT LES NOMS N&flONALITE GRABS BAH B ARRIVES LIEU OU IL$ SE TROUVENT A L HE08I ACTlJELLf At? KAT AK«A OU BIEN BAf£ BE USUR BEPAEf HO^iK BI TRANSPORT POUE LE SEPART DESTINATION mm UESOBEUSS its * ..----"""

SERVI S0MME i¥I LEME A ETE REVISE AU MOMENT BE LEUR ST0F S) 3NE USTE S)E TOUT IE FE $mmi ETRAKSES All BE LA S0RETE ET SE LA POLICE KATAW0AISE INDIQUANT LES NOH8 RATZ3NALXTE 6RAIXE BATE B ASR1VEI UNITE BANS UOUELUE ILS SERVEKT EH CE MOHENf STOP G> mi LISTE BES

~~>mw * SAiDTATIQ&S *«*«.~~

~~9 19 & ACTION FEB281962~~

5 riU NO. CY127 SSS LEO 3€S 2S 2023 Pi » U *CTlON co*purE:D ! ETAT PRIORI TE • UNATIQNS NEWYORK * G-145 SECGEN FROM GARDINER STOP FOLLOWING FROM ROLLZ~BENNETT CELLE0366) : QUOTE ONE 24 FEBRUARY AT 1730 HOURS LOCAL TIME AT JADOTVILLE ROADBLOCK UN STOPPED CAR FOR ROUTINE CHECK. PASSENGER ¥AS CRISPIN MUSONGE SQUS-COMMIS5AIRE DE LA SURETE AT KOLWE2I. IT WAS FOUND HE HAD * P2 * IN CAR STEN GUN AND TWO MAGAZINES, ONE OF WHICH EMPTY. MUSOWGE HAD -t-&^r~JLy /VJLo-J^:~T^

BE RECALLED THAT FIRST COMMISSION WHEN IN KOLWE2I OH 22 AND 23 FEB- RUARY, WAS TOLD BY DIRECTOR DE LA SURETE KOLWEZI THAT THERE WERE NO REPEAT NO NON AFRICANS IN SURETE. OTHER DOCUMENT DATE 19 FEBRUARY FOUND SIGNED BY A COMMISSAIRE AND DIRECTOR OF SURETE KOLWEZI STATES

THAT * •i P6 * CERTAIN PERSON CONSIDERED AS BEING VERY DANGEROUS AND SURVEILLANCE SINCE HE IS REPORTED TO BE READY GIVE LETTER TO JOINT COMMISSION ON MERCENARIES AT TIME COMMISSIONS *S VISIT TO KOLWEZI IN ORDER TO PRO- VIDE INFORMATION ON MERCENARIES AND ARMAMENTS. LETTER OF PROTEST BY ROL2-BENNETT SENT TO TSCHOMBE ON 26 FEBRUARY « P7 '»' ANB UN MEMBERS COMMISSION HAVE PROTESTED TO KATANGESE COUNTERPARTS AND REQUESTED THAT KOLWEZI CHIEF OF SURETE AND TWO FOREIGN COMMIS- SAIRES BE PRESENTED TO COMMISSION IN EVILLE. SO FAR THIS REPORT NOT DONE BUT THIS MORNING KATANGESE EXPRESSED HOPE THEY WOULD BE ABLE PRESENT THEM TODAY OR TOMORROW. » PS/ IS * JEAN BACK INFORMING PRESS TO FOREGOING AT THIS MORNINGS PRESS CON- FERENCE AND WILL SHOW DOCUMENTS MENTIONED, UNOUOTE + -y r? -• rr Of r^-»f COL CELLEQ36S) 8 24 lf *' 22 IS>62 1 iS>gl 31 1^^2 22 23 19 FFF LEO -au/yjg as 2023 2 * ETAT « UNATIONS NEWY0RK * i G-146 SECGEN FROM GARDINER STOP SENATORS KITENGE AND YAVA FROM KATANGA CAME TO SEE ME THIS MORNING, I ASKED BUMONTET TO JOIN US. i. THE SENA- TORS WANTED TO FIND OUT WHETHER THERE WAS ANY TRUTH IN RUMORS THAT UN INTENDED TO ATTACK KATAMGESE FORGES. I e

ASSURED THEM THAT UN HAD NO AGGRESSIVE PLANS AND THAT ON THE COUNTRARY WAS ANXIOUS TO SEE THE KATANGA PROBLEM RESOLVED THROUGH NEGOTIATIONS. I MENTIONED THE UN IDEA OF PATfiOLS THROUGHOUT THE GONGO ESPECIALLY IN i DISPUTED AREAS SU€H » P3 51/50 * AS NORTH KATANGA TO PUT AN END TO UNNECESSARY BLOODSHED AND SUFFERING AND ENABLE THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND KATANGA TO DISCUSS IN A RELAXED ATMOSPHERE. FOR THIS REASON WE HAD ALREADY STARTED MAKING SECURITY ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE ABOULA/TSHQMBE MEETING IN LEOPOLDVILLE. I SHOWED THEM THAT THEIR FEARS ABOUT « P4 51/50 * TSHOMBE'S SECURITY WERE UNFOUNDED* 2. TO ILLUSTRATE PRIME MINISTER'S INTEREST IN KATANGESE I WAS ABLE TO SHOW THEM A LETTER FROM ADOULA~ ASKING US TO FACILITATE. MOVEMENTS OF KATANGA DELGATES TO ELISABETH- VILLE AND LEOPQLBVILLE AS -REQUIRED- IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PARLIA- • TIEEM '• THAT t 'JNT91/M * AS NORTH KATANHA TO PUT AN END T© UNNECESSARY EL&OBSHED AND SUFFERING AND ENABLE THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AMD KATANGA TO DISCUSS IN A RELAXED ATMOSPHERE. FOR THIS REASON WE HAD ALREABY STARTED MAKINS SECURITY ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE ADOULA/TSHOMBE HEETING IN LEOPQLBVILLE. I SHOWED THEM THAT THEIR FEARS ABOUT * P* 51/50 « TSHGMBE'S SECURITY WERE UNFOUNDED. 2. TO ILLUSTRATE FRIHE MINISTER'S INTEREST IN KATANGESE I WAS ABLE TO SHO¥ THEM A LETTER FROM ADQULA~ ASKING US TO FACILITATE.MOVEMENTS OF KATANGA BELGATES TO ELISABETH- VILLE AND U:OPOLDVILLE AS^REQUIRED-IN CONNECTION WITH-THEIR PARLIA- -*mti!$~&~3 f~"'pi/is * DISCUSSIONS YIELDED POSITIVE RESULTS I WOULD 60 M^ELF TO ELISABETH- ; VILLE FOR A NUMBER OF DAKS -f

~~COL 6-U6 1. 2. +~~

~~mH fv^i C2; 171 S -~i OK P2/40WDS IRPT P2A© RITE GK207/2Q5 TO -f S ^ S •v. *\J> ^ <*> -Z ' ' ^3 > c -^ Z? • 5 #=: o~~

~~P2 205/204 FFF LEO f?Af~~

ON&e 14«5 0P1 4 U CAftRttTHEftS Fg©^l IXHIIK^HL m CHEVALIERS ijft rn re HISOOOICB i» HAUISSTAH stosy arm STOP i n^i SAIB PREVIOUSLY AMB UIFE^tEfi By8IN€ GARBXNCRS eONFlEEKCE THAT WAS M§T KELPM TSANSPORT &m AiBEHTI¥!LLEHISE SUT THAT PRESENCE ALBEStVlLLE AIRFiEiB MEA&T «E USE

ST0P ALSO THAT WE 1SIE EEPT ABVISEB I? C«8iE8f AUTHOHITIES ST©P CARdlMER STAfSB CATEGORICALLY KQ HELP BUT THAT OUR PRESENCE AISPQRTS ALBERTVILLE ANB LiaUAIGp0 INVOLVE US TO SOME EXTENT STOP NENCK m CONtRASICTION ENBttL.*t

~~8TTH FILE iN ! ri A.'H '~~

GY1SQ SSS LEO 1S3 I 18422 « JETftTPRlORlTE <•"•- UNATIONS NEWYORK * G~154 SEGGEN FROM GARDINER YOUR i<§29. FOLLOWING INFORMATION FROM OPI LEO WHICH SUGGESTS CHECKING WITH URQUHART WHO WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN ESTABLISHMENT OF UNATIONS RABIO IN EVILLES ALPHA UNATIONS OPENED RADIO IN KATANGA TO INFORM PEOPLE OF ORGANIZATIONS TRUE PURPOSES AND OBJECTIVES AND DURING HOSTILI- TIES TO * m * MINIMIZE CIVILIAN CASUALTIES BY CALLING ON THEM TO REFRAIN FROM PARTICIPATION IN FIGHTING ETCETERA, BRAVO COST IS ESSENTIALLY SALARY OF ONE P-3 RADIO OFFICER ONE LOCALLY RECRUITED ASSISTANT AND ONE FIELD SERVICE TECHNICIAN SINCE TRANSMITTER AND EQUIPMENT ALREADY OWNED BY UNATIONS, CHARLIE ABOVE STAFF PREPARES BROADCASTS SUPPLEMENTED BY * P3 * TAPED MUSICAL PROGRAMMES PREPARED IN LEO AND NEWS MONITORED FROM AND ATTRIBUTES TO WORLDWIDE PROADCASTING NETWORKS, ALL SUBJECT TO APPROVAL OF UNATIONS REPRESENTATIVE IN EVILLE. DELTA BROADCASTS MADE IN FRENCH AND SWAHILI FOR PURPOSES OUTLINED UNDER ALPHA. ECHO AS FOR SUPPORT OF KATANGA AUTHORITIES CAN SITE INSTANCES « PV33 * WHERE UNATIONS RADIO HAS BROADCAST ANNOUNCEMENTS BY MUNQNGO AT LATTERS REQUEST EEE GGG NOTIFICATION TO POPULATION ON CLEARING HOUSES OF ILLEGAL OCCUPANTS WHICH CARRIED OUT PEACEFULLY BY KATANiESE POLICE WITH UNATIONS ASSISTANCE ENDALL + -, 3 <- rrj f^j . -3, P~ ^ m rs —i COL S~m i> c ^ H f~ ^ O em? FFF LI© $s® 2

~~UBATJ08S ONUC 1554 CARRUTHERS FROM LEKMKUHL.~~

OF! 419 VQ4ISLAV JERKOVIE G«A ONUS CIVILIAN HP8ESESTATIVE ALBiRTViLLE CHA TOLB PRESS AT S8IEFING "- -- THAI AS FAR AS AWARE NO SU^ITANTIAL MOVEMENT AAA HKN CCC TO ALSERWItLE HAS TAKEN m.ACE STOP SU0TE THE SITUATION THERE CMA EXCfPT IS« ®

FJEtB GHA IS MOHMAi, BNaUGTE PASA tUESTIONEB ON RELATIONS BETWEEN ONUC PERSONNEL AND AAA NNK CCC TROOPS STATIONED AT AWOtTVtUj: CMA IE SAID CONSOLES^ TROOPS STATIONED OUTSIBE TOWN ANB mmS. AGREEMENT MABE NOVEMBER DO NOT ENTER CITY LIMITS ASHES STOP THERE HAS KEEN NO TENSION IN AREA SINCE FIRST* \ AAA mm eee NOVEMBER PARA ONUS KAB HELPEB BRING ABOUT ^* e©ALm0N BETWEEN RIVAL POLITICAL GROUPS REPRESENTING CQNAKAT ~ a*tt! tSHOMSlST PARTY BASH ANS CARTEL CMA INCLUDING BALUBAKAT S ANS LUMaMilUT ELEMENTS STOP LOSA3L ABMINISTSATI0N MOM BEING ^ ? I BY BALUSAKAT AH» HEWBE8S OF PREVIOUS TSHONBIST / ^ i STOP JASOK SENSWE CMA GEfJUAL* r/ .jj p "^ el

~~tifH§ WAS SENT AS SPECCAL COMMISSIONER TO~~

~~' KATAtJSA CHA WAS RUNNIN6 VERY HOBERATE ABMINISTRATION ..OU HE SA1S STOP THIS ASMINiSTRATI0N HA8 BEEN WRKINS FGR I©HP86M|SE HTWEEtf SSHTSAL ^OVE^KBESt AN! KATAH8A SECESSIOKIST~~

~~Bt?f5TWT PMA llf CATTl PMA AM« Drf4QTIJiair nf 1/nMOrtt A OW I/flTAMOE'C'f CUBIT FFF~~

~~UMATJ0NS ONUC 1554 CARRUTHERS FR0H LEHMKUHL,~~

OPt 419 VOJflSLAV JEBK6VIC C8A ONUS CIVILIAN REPRESENTATIVE ALSERTVILLE CMA TQLB PRESS AT gSIIEFINe LEOFQBVILLE THIS AFTERNOON. THAT AS FAS AS AMARE MO StllSTANTIAL MOVEMENT AAA NKN CCC TSGOPS TO ALBERT?Ii4E HAS TAKEN JWei STOP SU9T! TIffi SITUATION THERE eMA EKSEPT IH* P

ECONOMIC FIEUJ CMA IS NORMAL «HQlfOtE PAHA ftUESTIONEB ON RELATIONS iETOEEN OKye PERSOHNEi AND AAA « C©0 TROOPS STAfldHES AT AL8ERTV1LLE EHA IE SAJB COKGQLISE TROOPS STATI6JIEB OUTS I BE T0WN ANB 0NBER A6BEEMEWT HABE NOVEMIER B0 BST ENTER CITY LIMITS ARMD STOP THERE HAS BEEN NO TENSION IN AREA SINCE FIRST*

~~BK£RY AAA NNN CCG NOVEMBER PARA ONUC HAET K 0T T~~

AS3B"tUMUMBltJT ELEHENTS STOP LQCAL ABMINISTRATI0N SOW RUN JOINTLY BY BALUBAKAT AND MEMBERS OF PREVIOUS TSHOKBIST ASMINISTRATIOW STOP 4ASON SESBW CMA CENTRAL*

( GOVERNMENT fICEPREMIES WHO WAS SENT AS SPECCAL COMMISSIONER TO »'•' ' | SOBTH KATANSA SMA HAS SUNNING VISY HOBERATE ABMINIST8ATI0M : GMA HE SAID STOP THIS ADMINISTRATION HAD BEEN $RKIH€ FOR .!•../ • ••' ' COMPROMISE BETWEEN CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND KATANGA SECESSIONIST BJTfitMP fiMA HF SAtB fiMA 4MB ftffgAimffiC ©F KOMfifiLO BY KATANfiESE VieiEPRESJIES WK© WAS SIMT AS SFECCAL COMMISSIONER TO NORTH KATANGA CMA WAS RUNNING VERY MODERATE ADM^ISTRATIOW CWA HE SAID STOP THIS ADMINISTRATION HAD B£E« WRKING FOR COMPROMISE BETWEEN CENTRAL GOVERNKERT AND KATANGA SECESSIONIST REGIME CMA HE SAIB CMA AND RECAPTURE OF KOMGOLO 3Y KATANSESE HAS BEEN atJOtl SHOCK UNGUOTE"

STOP FANTASTIC RUMOURS OF IMMINENT ATTACKS ON OTHER PARTS NORTH KATANSA LOYAL TO CENTRAL eoVESRfSEKT HAD FLOWN ABOUT AT THIS PERI08 SMA HE SA£B SEHIC0LOK THERE WAS TALK THAT ALBERTVILLE $00N BUS TO BE ATTACHES STOP BY LAST M&N&AY CMA HOWEVjER 6MA $ SAIS CMA INFOHHATION COMING 18 FROM i —

* AREAS HAS REASSURES THE LOCAL AUMINISTRATISN CMA AKB SITUATION U0RTH KATAM6A WAS NO LORSER EXPLOSIVE PARA SUESTIOHEB FURTHER ON TROOP MOVEMENTS CHA HE SAID WHILE ITS POSSIBLE AAA NHN CCC TROOPS MISHT HAVE iESN MOVEB SOUTHSARBS RAIL^ISE FEOM KIMBU CMA ONUG HAB 8Q INFORMATION THEREOF STOP IKBEED SOME PLATOONS

\ AAA*

NNN CGC TROOPS HAD BEEN tflTKMACT! FROM AREA SURROUNSING ALBERTVILLE PARA QUESTIONED OM VISIT OF GENERALS LONSULA AND MOBUTU TO ALBERTVILLE AND EXPECTED VISIT OF PHI MI MISTER ASOULA CM HE SAID SEMBWE HAS INVITES MOBUTU THERE TO INTRODUCE HIM TO LQ0AL AHTH0TIES a«A ASB mitSMINlSTER WAS COMIK6 FOR SAME REASON CMA HOT HAVIKS TO JERKOVICS KNOUiEBSE -. SSEN f HERE p =e

~~"v? •- •" ;>.* -.".i O V-*' VJ Unofficial translation~~

~~CY 189 S LEO 197 02 0911Z ETAT PRIORITY UNATIONS HY G-155~~

SECGEM FROM GARDINER FOLLOWING received from RolzBennett (ELLEO 3&0) "Futher to my ELLEO 359 have received today following letter from Tshombe: 'In reply to your letter of 27 February 1962, I have the honour to transmit herewitji the text of the resolutions adopted by the tribal chiefs following their meeting in Jadotville. •I have always considered that the tribal chiefs have kept a very strong influence on the population of their territory. The African tribal organization is such that a chief very rarely has an opinion -which is not shared by his people. In these circumstances, I cannot neglect an opinion given by the most genuine representatives of our Bantu wisdom. 'It is clear, however, that, being at the head of a State which both on internal and on external matters has to face problems ....(?) ... our traditional structure,! consider it my duty to ddapt> • to the present exigencies the rules of conduct suggested to me.' Text of resolutions attached to letter correspond exactly to letter transmitted in our ELLEO 299." Letter from Tshombe transmitting text of resolutions taken by 'Chefs coutumiers' (traditional chiefs?) after the meeting at Jadotville. Tshombe feels the Chefs have great influence on the population and that he cannot disregard their opinions but must take them into account when adapting his policy to present-day conditions.

~~Fuller translation will follow. I FILE NO. 0 ACTION COMPLETED INITIALS : ! 3974~~

~~. IJ1ETKE& \* - LETTER a~~

tss eHESfis^mmffliBRs A !A1 TOlWOyRS GOKSIBESE cur ^ARBE lais IKES QKAHDE IMFWJENCE S m• mm. tmiRit©iRi . i TULK ^H'• ** E imGmnwiw TEI,LE: atidi CHEF NE PEOT AVOIR auE RAREMEMT*

~~HE SOIT MR SON PEUfUS* COKBITIOMS m EST BOK^E.A ?ART tss PARA g~~

&£$ PR^ElUEfCg &U• \E_ PASSENT it ESt m im BWOIR BABAKTBR AUX EXIGENCES M -^ IKS' iE e«tilTE dtll ME SONT 5UGGEREES, APARA -'' rv2 H J 'ItKt RE5C>LOtie«S ATTACHED Td LETTER 00RRE§POND £> " ; Tf "^ O IM 0iR MJ.TTft ij^o ilKKiTr^Tir. 4. ^ ro UNITEDD NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N,Y. (For use of information media -- not an official record)

~~Note Ifc, 2523 2 MarcL \Cf62~~

~~NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS~~

The following was received hare from a United Nations Information Officer in Leopoldville: Vojislav Jerkovic, ONUC civilian representative in Albertville.. t;;l.d the press at a briefing in Leopoldville today that as far as he was aware no su'Lit^antial movement of Congolese National Ariny (ANC) troops to Albertville had i.b-.-.Ku place. "The situation there, except in the economic field, is normal," he declared. Questioned on relations between ONUC personnel and ANG troops stationed at Albertville, he said Congolese troops stationed outside the town, and under an agreement made in November, did not enter the city limits while armed. There had been no tension in the area since the first entry of ABC continents in November. He said ONUC had helped bring about a coalition between rival political groups in the area. The local administration was now being run jointly by the opposition BalufcoJcrut group and members of the previous Tshorabist administration. Jason Sendwe, a Central Government Vice-Bremier, who was sent as special commissioner to North Katanga, was running a "very moderate" administration, he said. This administration had been working for a compromise between the Central Government and the Katanga secessionist regime, he stated, and the recapture of Kongolo by Katangese forces had been a "shock." Fantastic rumors of imminent attacks en other parts of North Katanga loyal to the Central Government had flown about at this period, he said. There was talk that Albertville was soon due to be attacked, By last Monday, however, he said, information coming in from outlying areas had reassured the local administration and the situation in North Katanga was no longer explosive. Questioned further on troop movements, he said that while it was possible that ABC troops might have been moved southwards by rail from Kindu, ONUC had no information that this was the case. Indeed, he observed, some platoons of ANC troops had been withdrawn from the area surrounding Albertville. In response to questions on the visit of Generals Lundula and Mobutu to Albertville and an expected visit of Prime Minister Adoula, he said Mr» Sendwe had invited General Mobutu there to introduce him to the local authorities. The Prime Minister was coming for the same reason, Mr. Jerokovic said, as to his knowledge, Mr. Adoula had not previously been to the city. # ##* * N I T E D NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Jfatr'.o.a.?., N,Y. (For use of information media -- not an official record)

~~Mote N 5 March 1962 NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS~~

With reference to reports from Elisabethville quoting Katanga President : Tshombe's charge that the United Nations forces at the Karsr'.na base hnd launched an offensive against the nearby town of Kkrninavllle, a UN spokesman said today that this charge is completely without foundation. There has, however, been a preliminary report from Kamina of a minor clash between a ONUC patrol of Ghanaian troops and Katanga gendarmerie near t:;.,e village of Mukole southeast of the Kamina base, near KaminavJlie, this morning. After an exchange of fire with small arms, machine guns and mortars, the Ghanaians wore able to disengage themselves without casualties and returned to the base. There was no report of gendarmerie casualties.

~~# T.V.-V..VT ATT. 7.VT. HITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations., N.Y.~~

~~(For use of information media -- not au official record)~~

~~Ncte No. 2^25 5 March 1962~~

~~NOTE TO c~~

Further detailed reports of the action today at a small village on the road between the big Ka-nina f.ir base, held by ONUO, and the town of Kaminaville, 12 miles to the southwest, according to a UN spokesman: A Ghanaian unit of about 12 men was on routine patrol near the village of llitowbe where they have maintained a defensive position guarding the approaches ';.o the baje. At 1100 GMT the patrol was attacked by a unit of the Katanga gendarmerie with small arms, machine guns and mortars. An estimated two companies of gendarmerie were seen in the area of the attack and the strength of the gendarmerie nearby is believed to be one full battalion. The Ghanaian patrol was forced to send back to the base for 81 mm mortars to repulse the Katangan attack and after about an hour and fifteen minutes of fighting were able to break off the engagement without ar.y casualties and return to their prepared positions in the village . As soon as reports of the attack were received at the base, Swedish jets were sent aloft on reconnaissance over the area as far as Kaminaville. Over Kaininaville the jets were fired on from gendarmerie ground positions with small arms and one jet was damaged. It was able to return to base safely. The reconnaissance revealed large scale movement of gendarmerie in and around Kaminaville. Considerable movement of vehicles, reportedly including armored cars, also was seen on the road between Kaminaville and the Kamina base. As a result of these observations ONUC forces at Kamina base were put on full alert. A strong note of protest against the gendarmerie attack on the ONU! unit is being sent by the United Nations chief representative in Leopoldville to the Provincial President of Katanga, Mr. Tshorabe. A UN spokesman has categorically denied Mr. Tshombe's charges that ONUC had instigated any offensive against the Kaminaville gendarmerie garrison. On the contrary it was the ONUC unit that was attacked by the gendarmerie while it was on routine peaceful patrol duty.

~~JU. r* OK CONFERENCE STARTS AT 17152~~

~~HRE MR GARDINER PRESENT:~~

~~OUR MILITARY REPORT A MID-DAY TODAY , A PATROL SOUTH EAST OF KAMNA, WAS ATTACKED BY GENDARMERIE, PATROL SUCCEEDED IN EXTRICATED ITSELF, THERE ARE NO FURTHER DETAILS, OVER'~~

THE ARMY , THE FORCE COMMANDERS OFFICE, IS COLECTING DETAILS, WICH WILL BE TRANSMITTED IMMEDIATELY. AM SENDING THIS MSG NOW, BECAUSE I HAVE BEEN INFORMED , THAT TSHOMBE HAS ALREADY ALLEGED, THAT 12.00 ONUC SOLIDERS, HAVE ATTACKED KAMINA VILLE. OVER*'

~~I AM CHECKING UP OF 0 THE NATURE OF THAT PATROL, THE NAME OF PLACE, IS MUKOLE . BUT THIS MAY BE A GARBLED VERSION. OVER~~

XXIT THIS IS THE INFO WICH I HAVE ASKED POSTCOMMANDER 0 TO UPLY NAMELY WHETHER IS IT A ROUTINE PETROL PATROL OR SPECIAL ONE SENT OUT ONLY TODAY? I WILL GET THESE ANSWERS TO YOU, BY CABLE, AS SOON AS MILITARY BRING P INFO. LAST NIGHT, I REVIEWED SITUATION, WITH FORCECOMMANDER, AND HE DID NOT RPT NOT INDICATE, THAT ANY EXTRAORDINARY MEASURES, WERE BEING TAKEN, HE LEFT FOR STANLEYVILLE, THIS MORNING. I HAVE ALREADY DISCUSSED THIS REPORT, WITH GULLION, HE IS ASKING US FOR CONFIRMATION, AND I WILL DO SO, AS SOON AS MILITARY REPORT REACHES ME, ACCORDING TO FORCECOMMAND OFFICE , THERE IS NO BASIS FOR SUCH A REPORT, THE PURPOS OF THIS TELEX CONFERENCE , IS TO FORSTALL SUCH REPORT, AND TO ASSURE SECGEN THAT NOTHING WILL BE DONE, EXCEPT ON HIS ORDERS, OVER*

THE MEASURES SUGGESTED ARE BEING TAKEN AND AM GOING TO CHECK WITH THE MILITARY. I WIL L START WORKING N THE ON THE PROEST AND WO WARNING IMMEDIATELY. AND WISH TO ASSURE YOU ALL, THAT WE WILL DO NOTHING, CONTRARY TO YOUR WISHES AND THOUGHTSN AS WE UNDERSTAND THEM, MY LOVE FOR LINDA, ALL THE BEST

~~OVER1~~

~~THANKS CONFERENCE OVER AT 17332 DR BUNCHE IS ON HIS WAY TO OUR OFFICE NOW~~

~~DR BUNCHE HAS JUST ARRIVED IS MR GARDNIER THERE?~~

~~P10 STH GRP 6 LTRS ?~~

~~DR BUNCHE IS PRESENT PLS PROCEED WITH CONFERENCE~~

WHERE PRC PRECISELY WAS THE PATROL HOW CLOSE WAS IT TO KAMINA VILLE AND WAS THIS A ROUTINE THAT IS A DAILY PROCEDURE HAVE WE BEEN SENDING OUT PATROLS FROM KAMINA REGULARLY QUERY OR WAS THIS XXX OR WAS TODAYS PATROL SOMETHING NEW? HAVE WE HAD ANY PREVIOUS CONTACT WITH GENDARMERIE IN THE AREA WHERE ATTACK OCCURED OVER

MAKE CERTAIN THAT NO PRECIPITE MILIA MILITARY ACTION IS TAKEN AND THAT NO SUCH ACTION OTHER THAN ESSENTIAL DEFENSE MEASURES BE TAKEN WITHOUT SIGNAL FROM SECRETARY GENERAL WHO IS NOT HERE STOP RIKHE HAS JUST JOINED ME HOWEVER AND STATES THAT US MISSION HAS JUST ADVISED HIM OF PRESS REPORTS ALLEGING THAT 1200 ONUC TROOPS HAVE MOVED ON KAMINAVILLE OVER

GOOD . IN MEANTIME OF COURSE MAKE CERTAIN THAT OUR MILITARY TAKE ALL NECESSARY MEASURES TO ALERT OUR TROOPS AT KAMINA AND ELSEWHERE IN KATANGA AND HAVE AIRCRAFT ON THE READY FOR ACTION SHOULD IT BECOME ESSENTIAL TO USE THEM . WE OF COURSE WHOULD AVOID ANY AGGRESSIVE ACTION BY OUR DETACHMENTS . IF WHEN YOU HAVE FULL INFORMATION ON THE INCIDENT, IT IS ESTABLISHED THAT GENDARMERIE INITIATIATE THE ACCXXX ATTACK WITHOUT COURSEXX CAUSE THAN A STRONG R PROTEST SHOULD BE DELIVERED IMMEDIATELY TO TSHOMBE WITH A WARNING THAT ANY REPITITION OF SUCH AGGRESSIVE ACTION AGAINST ONUC TROOPS WITH RESULT IN MOST SERIOUS CONSEQUENCES THIS PROTEST AND WARNING SHOULD BE SENT MOST IMMEDIATE IN DRAFT TO SECGEN FOR CLEARANCE AND AFTER DELIVERY SHOULD BE RELEASED TO PRESS RIKHYE WILL BE DEPARTING FOR LEO TOMORROW STH BY PAN AM JET HE WILL TRY TO GET IN TOUCH WITH MRS GARDN GARDINER TODAY. IS THERE ANY- THING YOU WOULD WISH HIM TO BRING FOR YOU FROM HOME OVER ?+ _F_LNE«.•!¥£_HAVE_FULL_CQNFIDENCE_IN_YplJ. ANJ)_MOW. YjDU WILL HOLD THE FORT. WHILE WE WISH TO AVOID ANY AGGREVATION OF THE SITUATION, PARTICULARLY AT THIS STAGE , WE WILL NOT BE KICKED AROUND, WE WILL COMMUNICATE WITH YOU FURTHER WHEN YOU HAVE FILLED US IN ON THE REPORT ABOUT THE DETAILS OF THE INCIDENT. ^ ^ ^ THAT IS ALL. WARM REGARDS AND GREETINGS TO ALL MY COLLEAGUES £ 0 "^ WITH YOU - CT j7 OVER (^ '..^j UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION

~~CLEAR CABLE G 178~~

~~5 MARCH~~

"Sir, We, the undersigned, representatives of the Katangese Government at Leopoldville have the honour to request the United Nations Representative in the Congof? Mr. R. Gardiner, to be good enough to take the following emergency measures in order to fa&ilitate a solution of the Congolese crisis. We earnestly desire a solution to our problems and believe that a solution can be arrived at if ^ certain efes^aelee apparent afc-pseeea* obstacles are now eliminated.

The measures which we propose would tend to facilitate true reconciliation between/ eH-tfee-eae-kaH4-*ke-Ka*aHge8e-3?aeial-g3?eHge all the Katangese racial groups: Conakat and Balubakat, on the one hand, and between Katanga and the

Central Government on the other. 1. ^cessation of all ANC troop movements towards North Katanga, since these are liable to result in a similar re-action by the Katangese gendarmerie. Since theSsulabn(opposition members are shortly to beeewe participate in the legal Government of Katanga, it therefoce appears absurd - area of Katanga. 2. Stationing of UN troops on an impartial basis between the Katangese gendarmerie and theAWC. This measure would prevent incidents which are unnecessarily costing the lives of our innocent black brothers.

J>* The Katangese gendarmerie and the ANC must remain in their present positions as a satisfactory solution is at present being sought, through negotiation, by the responsible authorities. 4. Lifting of emergencies powers in Katanga and cancellation of the warrants for the arrest of President Tshombe and some of his Ministers. 2.

We believe that these radical measures will tend to Counteract all the harmful influences which are being exerted from abroad, some of which are interested in seeing the Keageleee-psiee Congolese crisis prolonged indefinitely. Furthermore, )£ we must/be able to rely on complete United Nations impartiality in solving the constitutional problem between Katanga and the Centra. Government. Finally, we feel that the Central Government, which must appreciate our sincere spirit of reconciliation, should, for its part, show more understanding with a viewto facilitating and expediting a solution.

~~For the Katangese Government Delegation Ndala Kambola Henri Katangese Minister for Public Works and Senator Gabriel Kitenge "~~

Please inform immediately if Tshombe agrees. SEGGEN FROM GARDINER «SRS ICAMBOLA A8B KXTO6I RltBEST THAT THE TEXT ©F THIS .ap; t!' ' coKKUHieATEB tmiiMUy to TSHOMBE WITH THEIR SESoHffs^Mtios THAT .-.JT BE UABE PHiilGl tl|0TE HOKSliaH U 0HAISE BE HlSilON, N0US e . m- v * m ^wmmtmrn KATAWAXS A IE ^MAN^S A MQMSXtim I£ S* iAEIJKES, BE

~~: BE FAGILITER UNE SOLUTION A kA CRISE CONGOLAISE. PARA NOUS~~

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~~1340 41 43 43 Hk 4% Unofficial translation~~

~~ONUC 1636 6 March 1962~~

From Back, Elisabethville. At solemn meeting held today at 1530 hours at President Tshombe's residence, Jos£ Rolz-Bennett, UN Representative in Elisabethville, conveyed formal United Nations assurances to President Tshombe for his personal security and security of those accompanying him during his proposed meeting in Leopoldville with Congolese Premier Cyrille Adoula. Following statement made by Rolz-Bennett: "Mr. President, "In accordance with a request made by President Tshombe at the time of his meeting with Mr. Cyrille Adoula, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo, the Officer-in-Charge of ONUC informed him, in a Note verbale of 20 February 1962, that, in accordance with the instructions of the Secretary- General of the United Nations, he was authorized to give President Tshombe and his party all necessary guarantees for their security during their stay oral at Leopoldville. In accordance with President Tshombe's VgOTOffi: request, the Officer-in-Charge of ONUC confirmed, in a Note verbale dated 21 February 1962, that the guarantees were valid for the entire period of the visit and for the journey of the President and his party to Leopoldville and back.|ln a subsequent Note verbale dated 22 February 1962, the Officer-in-Charge of ONUC stated, in reply to a further request by President Tshombe, that the guarantees accorded the latter by the United Nations into: included complete freedom to decide the time of his return to Elisabethville, even in the event of opposition by the Central Government. In a Note verbale dated 2 March 1962, the Officer-in-Charge of ONUC transmitted to President Tshombe a letter addressed to the former by Mr. Cyrille Adoula, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo, concerning the guarantees offered Mr. Tshombe by the Central Government; he took the H£ occasion to reiterate all the assurances given by the United Nations concerning the journey to and from Leopoldville, the period of the visit t© Leopoldville, and President Tshombers complete freedom to decide the time of his return to Elisabethville. He added that the guarantees thus afforded by the United Nations were fully adequate to ensure the security of President Tshombe and his party. - 2 -

"Finally, I transmit to you herewith the text of a letter confirming and clarifying certain points raised by President Tshombe: "'Mr. President, '"Further to the interview which you kindly gave me yesterday, I have the honour to confirm the additional assurances which I gave you orally. "'The United Nations places a very wide interpretation on the assurances given by Mr. Cyrille Adoula, Prime Minister of the Central Government of the Republic of the Congo, in his letter of 28 February 1962 to the Officer-in- Charge of the United Nations Mission to the Congo, the text of which was transmitted to you in a Note v&rbale of 1 March 1962. "'The matter of a parliamentary warrant for your arrest, moreover, did not in any way threaten your security during the talks at Kitona. The United Nations had given you a guarantee that if the question of the warrant was raised, the United Nations would oppose its execution, because any such action would nullify the assurances regarding your security given you by the United Nations with the agreement of the Central Government. If at the present time, against all expectations, such a situation were to arise, however, the United Nations would of course adopt the same attitude in conne'xdon with your forthcoming journey to Leopoldville, where, aecofding to your Note verbale, you intend to arrive by 15 March 1962 at the latest.' "May I conclude by emphasizing how important it is that you should hold ySL your meeting with Mr. Adoula as soon as possible. There would seem no reason at the present time for even the slightest delay, and any action which might give rise to misunderstanding should be avoided. I am certain that Prime Minister Adoula and President Tshombe are dH^ra^mtxistxDBESdE anxious to meet with a view to arriving at a final solution to the problems pending between them.11 Above statement made in presence of members of Katangese Cabinet and various members of Consular Corps. After statement by Kola-Bennett, Dunaell Dunnett, United Kingdom Consul, stated that Her Majesty's Government was satisfied that United Nations guarantees gave full security to Tshombe and expressed the hope he would leave for Leopoldville without further delay. Tshombe replies that date of 15 March had been chosen in order to enable him to prepare Katangese population for his departure and also to prepare himself for this important meeting which he wanted to be fruitful and not merely formal. 8E

~~HYK BE iE®~~

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~~IS NO SUCH PLAN AND MOST UNLIKELY STORY EMANATED FROM UN - ' 9, SOURCES EVILLE OR ELSEWHERE. STILL TRYING TRACE ORIGIN OF ^ ¥ILB ACCUSATION ATTRIBUTED TO TSHQMBE+ i.. •"• -™»'. COL 0-190* V~~

~~~~sss T« t H~~~~

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NOTE TO CCBPESPQKDSHTS Following is the text of a lettar from Robert Gardiner,, Off icer-in-Charge of UK Operations in the Congo, delivered to Mcise Tshotabe, Provincial President of Katanga, on 6 March 1962: (Unofficial translation from the French) I wish to draw your special attention to the following facts, On 5 March 1962, at about 15.00 hours (local time) in ths area of Mifcovba, a regular patrol of the Ghanaian battalion serving with ths ONUC forces ct.,?;'cio:aed at Kamina was subjected to fire by the Katangese gendarmerie without any p;. <: . .rocation» The gendarnerie employed light arms, machine guns ar/i mortars; according to our reports, their strength vss about a battalion, and they fired a large number of shells from positions prepared in advance,, In order to aid his men, the Commander of the ONUC patrol had to request rein- forcements from the headquarters of the battalion, at Kamina, and he was also obliged to react in legitimate defense,, After about an hour and 50 minutes, the gendarmerie abandoned their positions and returned to the village of Mito\7ba; apparently to rally their forces. Fortunately, the incident resulted in no casualties. Following the incident, ONUC carried out an aerial reconnaissance flight over

Kaminaville. During this mission, at l6000 H. (local time), a Swedish jst fighter plane was also subjected to light arms fire from the gendarmerie,, Its pilot, with remarkable self -control, did not return the gendarmerie's fire0 The reconnaissance mission revealed significant movements by Katangese troops in their camp at Kaminaville, A number of vehicles, probably armored cars, were also observed on the road connecting Kaminaville with the base at Kamina., I am obliged to emphasize the gravity of the above-mentioned incidents, and I must protest most emphatically regarding the aggression committed against a patrol and an airplane of ONUC while they were carrying out their legitimate duties. I must also protest against the completely inaccurate description of this incident, and the false accusation, attributed to you personally by the press and radio, according to which the United Nations is said to have launched a massive attack against Kaminaville, in northern Katanga, I demand that the Katangese gendarmerie be immediately ordered to refrain from similar provocations, and that the persons responsible for these aggressive acts be punished,, I would also point out to you that the military preparations by the gendarmerie, cited above, can only lead to a repitition of such incidents, for which the Katangese authorities will be entirely responsible. * *** # UN/TED NATIONS Distr. GENERAL SECURITY S/5053/Add.9/Corr.l 13 March 1962 COUNCIL ENGLISH ORIGINAL: FRENCH

REPORT OF THE OFFICER-IN-CHARGE OF THE UNITED NATIONS OPERATION IN THE CONGO TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON DEVELOPMENTS RELATING TO TEE APPLICATION OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS OF 21 FEBRUARY AND 2k NOVEMBER 1961 Corrigendum

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~~~~CA&9INER~~~~

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~~~~Note No. 2538 15 March 1962 NOTE TO caffl3SFO:2»DE.NSS~~~~

In connection with the trip of Prime Minister Adoula to Coquilhatville, the Officer in Charge of ONUC at Leopoldville informed the Acting Secretary-General, U Thant, on the morning of 14 March that he had "been told by the Prime Minister of his intention to pay a short visit to Coquilhatville on the 15th. T!;.^ Prime Minister pointed out that representatives of the Provincial Government and the Administrators of the Congo Republic have been meeting in Coquilhcvtville since Mondaj^ the 12th, and that there were indications that they might take important actions relating to the work of ths Central Government. Ths Prime Minister stated that, for this reason, he had considered it necessary to go to Coquilhatville, leaving by special plane on the morning of the 15th and returning to Leopoldville the same day, not later than 7 p.m. The Prime Minister asked that the Secretary-General be informed of the reasons for his trip and wished to assure the Secretary-General that he would be present for the talks with Mr. Tshombe, which he takes very seriously and which are to start Friday morning, the l6th. In this context, it was noted that Mr. Tshombe was not expected to arrive in Leopoldville until late in the afternoon of the 15th.

~~~~# •### * UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION~~~~

~~~~CLEAR CABLE G~~~~

~~~~20 MARCH 1962~~~~

SecGen from Gardiner Following from Elisabethville : "I have the honour to bring the following to your attention: On 15 March 1962, at approximately 16^5 hours, the Heron aircraft engaged in supplying North Katangawi was bracketed and parsued by two United Nations jets between Bukama and Kolwezi. On 16 March 19^2, at approximately 15^5 hours, in the same area, the same aircraft, which on this occasion was bringing women and children out of Kongolo, was subjected to the same treatment by two United Nations jets, but this time the two United Nations aircraft feinted an attack against our aircraft provoking utter panic among the passengers. I have to state that; 1. The Government of Katanga is under the strictist duty to supply the x people of North Katanga and it does not efesAend to evade this humanitarian task . 2. Since the United Nations is preventing the movement of trains in the North, it is to be expected that the Government of Katanga should move supplies by

5« Action of the kind taken by your aircraft after you were informed by our letter of 25 January that an aEeial bridge was to be sit up in order to supply - people of the North and in particular of Kongolo, ** is contrary to all humanitarian principles . Moreover, I have to point out to you that you are supplying United Nations personnel at Elisabethville by air, and that in particular you are using* Globemasters for this purpose. The Government of Katanga has never protested against this because it is normal thatyou should supply your troops and your personnel* Furthermore, it is a fact that the lamina base and United Nations aircraft stationed there are a continual source of incidents. I expect you to give strict orders &hat such acts, against which I mo&t strongly protest, shall not be repeated. You may be sure that the Government of Katanga is anare of its obligations towards its people and will not shirk them. I have the honour to be etc. For the President of Katanga, E. Kiraba, Minister for Foreign Affairs. /A*..]-'(!•••- j iUi- xi<^> • : :e

~~~~CY7S SSSS LEO 407 20 17122* JQ ETATPRIQRITE HNATIONS NEWTPORK* • ;v ' SEGGEN FROM GARDINER~~~~

~~~~FOLLOWING FROM ELISABETHVILLES~~~~

~~~~QUOTE J AI L HONNEUR BE PORTER A VOTRE eONNAISSANCE LES FAITS SUIVANTSS~~~~

~~~~LE 15 MARS 1962 CMA VERS 1«H45 CMA ENTRE BUKAMA ET KOLWEZI CMA L AVION HERON GtUI EST AFFECTE AU RAVITAILLEMENT By NORD BU KATANGA A ETE ENCABRE* P2* ET SUJVI PAR BEUX JETS BE L OKU .~~~~

IE 16 MARS 1962 CMA VERS 15H45 CMA TOU JOURS fe DAMS LA MEEffi REGION GMA LE mm' AVION QUI CETTE FOIS RAMENAIT BES FEMMES ET DES ENFANTS DE KONSOLO A SUBI LE MEME FAIT DE ^JaA- PART DE BEUX JETS ONU MAIS CETTE- I". P3«; ;• • .' -• ' •-.-•• FOIS LES DEUX AVIONS DE L ORGANISATION DES NATIONS UNIES ONT FAIT UN SIMULACRE D ATTAQUE CQNTRE NOTRE AVION PROVOQUANT LA PLUS COMPLETE PANIOUE PARMI LES PASSAGERS .

~~~~r ' "~~~~

~~~~JE TIENS A VOUS FAIRE REMARQUER OUE!~~~~

~~~~1, LE GOUVERNEMENT DU KATANGA A LE PLUS STRICT DEVOIR BE RAVITAILLER LES POPULATIONS DU NORB-KATANGA* P4* EH QU IL N ENTEND PAS SE SOUSTRAIRE A CETTE TACHE HUMANITAIRE.~~~~

2. L OR6ANISATION BES NATIONS UNIES EMPE CHANT LA I CIRCULATION DES TRAINS DANS LE NORD CMA IL EST NORMAL QUE LE GOUVERNEMENT DU KATANGA FAS SE LE RAVITAILLEMENT PAR AVION. 3. LE FAIT D AGIR CQMMZ L ON FAIT VOS AVIONS ALORS QUE» PS* VOUS AVE2 ETE PREVENU PAR NOTRE LETTRE DU 25 JANVIER QU UN PONT AERIEN ALLAIT ETRE ETABLI POUR RAVITAILLER LES POPULATIONS SU NORD ET NOTAMMENT DE KONGOLO EST CONTRAIRE "' A TOUS PRINCIPES HUMANITAIRES,

.' JE TIENS D AUTRE PART A VOUS FAIRE HEMARaUER QUE VOUS ASSUREZ LE RAVITAILLEMENT DU PERSONNEL DE L ORGANISATION* . P€* .. BES NATIONS UNIES A ELISABETHVILLE PAR AVION CMA QUE VOUS UTILISE2 NOTAMMENT DES GLOBEMASTERS POUR CE FAIRE STOP LE - SOUVERNEMENT DU KATANGA N A JAMIAS PROTESTS CONTRE CE FAIT PARCE au IL EST NORMAL CUE VOUS A3SURIE2 LE RAVITAILLEMENT BE VOS TROUPES ET DE VOTRE PERSONNEL.

DE PLUS Cm IL EST* CERTAIN CUE LA ..ASE DE KAMINA ET LES AVIONS DE L ONU GUI Y SOfJT STATIONNES SONT UNE SOURCE CONTINUELLE D INCIDENTS* H § . § .,. „. ,,^ rn "*"**. fn ?| Ti '! ' JE COMPTE SUR VOUS POUR DOHNER DES ORDRES STRICTS POUR 3 "4 °, > O "-:- DI TELS FAITS CONTRE LESQUELS JE PROTESTS AVEC LA PLUS 3 :l -"-1 ^ .-.-» o VIGUEUR CHA NE SE REPORUISNET PLUS ,« -J /* IT; C/

~~~~VOUS POUVEZ TENIR POUR CERTAIN QUE LE GOUVERNEMENT DU KATANGA COWNA1T SES OBLIGATIONS ENTERS SES POPULATIONS ET QU IL NE S Y .1&ER01ERA PAS.~~~~

JE PROFITE DE LA PRESENTE POUR VOUS ASSURER CMA MONSIEUR LI SEPHESEWfANT GMA DE MA PLUS HAUTE CONSIDERATION STOP POUR LE PRESIDENT BU KATANGA CMA LE MINISTRE* P9/7* DES AFFAIRES ETRANGESES GMA E.KIMBA UN€lUOTE4

~~~~COL 6-304 15 1962 1«H45 1$ 1$~~~~

S LEO S3 21 ©3932 « ^ tr, ,^j *£. ETAT PRIORI TE 3 ^ -* ( ;^j i Ti OMNI PRESS f? ?> °, ~O NY " = =" "r «rtkM«lESfr*^« ? -• bo COMMISSION RETURNED YESTERDAY FROM 1300 KILOMETRE TRIP TO LUBUBI* BUKAMA, LUENA AND KABONBO BIANBA. TRIP BY JEEPS WAS FIRST IN MANY MONTHS MADE SY ANY CAR BETWEEN BUKAMA AND KABONDO DIANDA, COMMISSION WILL N0¥ FILE ITS REPORT +

~~~~OPI2S~~~~

~~~~2NN UNOFFICIAL TRHASLATION~~~~

~~~~CLEAR CABLE G 31^~~~~

~~~~21 MARCH 1962~~~~

SecGen from Gardiner. Reference my G 283 - Following transmitted for Kimba. "I have the honour to refer to your letter of 18 March concerning the bridge over the Lubilash River, "by which you. acknowledge receipt of my note verbale transmitting a copy of the letter addressed on 13 March to the Secretary-General of the BCK Company. The question of the repair of that bridge was the subject of several exchanges of letters. You will remember that both the Central Government and the Katangese Government agreed in writing that their armed forces would not interfere with the rebuilding operations. These assurances were transmitted to the BCK. The latter felt however, that they should be accompanied by an effective protection, at the bridge, of the workers angaged in the rebuilding works. Wishing to contribute to the prompt repair of that bridge, 01TUC has decided to station one of its armed units at the base of work in order to have security for the workers assured^ that decision was communicated to the BCK by letter of 13 March 1962, of which I have sent you a copy. In order to avoid any possible incidents, it is therefore indispensible that armed units that do not belong to OMJC be withdrawn from the area. The Central Government has already taken measures to that effect and there are no troops of the AWC near the bridge. It is now up to the Katangese Government to give similar instructions to the gendarmerie. It is obvious that the withdrawal must be Affected both by the gendarmerie and by the AETC, because it would be unthinkable that one of the parties should withdraw while the other one remained. Such a situation would be unacceptable for the other party and could in addition lead to frictions and incidents which, I am sure, you wish to avoid for they would interrupt the rebuilding of the bridge. 2.

I am convinced that you will agree with the advisability of the measures mentioned above and that, in accordance with the wishes you expressed to see that vital line of communication promptly restored, you will give the necessary instructions for the withdrawal of the gendarmerie before the arrival of our detachment. The latter will arrisre on or about 2k March. " Ml, HUiM CY 131 SLEO 418 21 1724 Z * !;'!/^ 3 L 19G2 ETAT PRIORITY "*"'<-' -^ '"'** I triJL- ... UNATIONS NY » H ACTi-r; COM,~!.E~iTQ G-3^ jilNiliALS SECGEN FROM GARDINER STOP I.JmiilS!/:M':

REFERENCE MY G-2S3 THE FOLLOWING HAS BEEN TRANSMITTED TO EVILLE FOR KIMBA QUOTE - JAI LHONNEUR DE ME REFER A VOTRE LETTRE DU j| MARS CONCERNANT LE PONT SUR LA LUBILASH, LETTRE QUI ACCUSE RECEPTION DE MA NOTE VERBALE

~~~~P2 = LAQUELLE JE VOUS COMMUNIQUAIS COPIE DE LA LETTRE ADRESSEE LE~~~~

~~~~13 MAR$ AU SECRETAIRE GENERAL DE LA COKPAGNIE BCK.~~~~

~~~~LA aUESTION DE LA REPARATION DU PONT SUR LA LIBILASH A~~~~

~~~~FAIT LOBJET DE PLUSIEURS ECHANGES DE LETTRES, VOUS VOUS~~~~

SOUVIENDREZ QUE TANT LE GOUVERNEMENT CENTRAL UUE LE GOUVERNEMENT*

P3 *

~~~~KATANGAIS SE SONT ENGAGES PAR ECRIT A NE PAS FAIRE INTERVENIR LEURS FORCES ARMEES DANS LES TRAVAUX DE RECONSTRUCTION DU PONT.~~~~

~~~~CES ASSURANCES ONT ETE COMMUNIGUEES A LA BCK. CELLE-CI~~~~

~~~~CEPENDANT A ETE DAVIS OUELLES DEVAIENT ETSE ACCOMPAGNEES~~~~

~~~~DJUNE P;ROTEjCTION EFFECTIVE, A LEMPLACEMENT DU PONT, DES» ^ ;f? P4 « TRAVAILLEURS GUI SERONT ENGAGES A SA RECONSTRUCTION,~~~~

DESIREUSE DE CONTRlBUER A LA REPARATION RAPIDE DE CE PONT, LONUC A DECIDE DE STATIONNEH UNE DE SES UNITES ARMEES A LEMPLAGEMENT DES TRAVAUX POUR ASSURER LA SECURITE DES TRAVAILLEURS, ET CETTE DECISION A ETE COMMUNIQUE* A i.a H tit tiflvia WUtLLES flEVfllENT ETRE ACCOMPAGNEES DJUNE F,RQTE/2TION EFFECTIVE, A LEMPLACEMENT DU PONT, DES« |y,••..$ P4 « TRAVA1LLEURS Q.UI SEROMT ENGAGES A SA RECONSTRUCTION.

DESIREUSE BE CONTRIBUER A LA REPARATION RAPIBE DE CE PONT, LONUG A DECIDE DE STATIONNER UNE BE SES UNITES ARMEES A LEMPLAGE^5ENT DES TRAVAUX POUR ASSURER LA SECURITE DES TRAVAILLEURS, ET CETTE DECISION A ETE COMMUNIQUEE A LA DIRECTION * P5 * DE LA BCK PAR LETTRE EN DATE DU 13 MARS 19€2, DONT JE VOUS AI TRANSMIS UNE COPIE.

POUR EVITER TOUTE POSSIBILITE DINCIBENTS, IL EST INDISPEN- SABLE QUE LES UNITES ARMEES AUTRES QUE CELLES DE LONUC SOIENT RETIREES DE LEMPLACEMENT. LE GOUVERNEMENT CENTRAL A DEJA PRIS DES * PS « MESURES A CETTE FIN ET IL NEXISTE PAS DE TROUPES DE LANC

AU VOISINAGE DU PONT^ IL ijjCOHBE MAINTENANT AU GOUVERNEMENT KATANGAIS DE DONNER DES INSTRUCTIONS ANALOGUES A LA GENDARMERIE. IL EST .MANIFESTS &UE LE RETRAIT DOIT ETRE EFFECTUE T.ANT PAR LA GENDARMERIE ClUE PAR LANCN CAR * P7 s ?? 11 EST IMPELS ABLE QUUNE PAimr SE RETIRE ALORS QUE LAUTRE BEMEURE A GETTE EMPLACEMENT, UNI TELLE SITUATION SERAIT NQN SEULEMENT INACCEPTABLE POUR L.7,3 S>7 )AUTRE PARTIE, MAIS P0URRAIT mm& AISEMENT A DES FRICTIONS ET A DES INCIDENTS SUE, SHIS SUR» VOUS DESIREZ EVITE8 CAR ILS » pg « xtNTEHROMPRAIENT LA RECONSTRUCTION DU PONT,

4E SUIS PERSUADE QUE VOUS CQNVIENBRE2 BE LOPPORTUNITE BIS MESURES EXPOSEES CI-BECGMUS ET ailE, COHFORMEMENT AUX VOEUX QUE VOUS AVEX EXPRIMES DE VOIR GETTE LIGNE BE COMMUNICATION VI TALE RETABLIE PROMPTEMENT, VOUS BONNERE2 LES INSTRUCTIONS NECESS AIRES P0UR LE RETRAIT BE LA GENBARMERIE AVANT *

~~~~LARRIVEE BE NOTRE BETACHEMENT, LEaUEL ARRIVERA SUR LE OU VERS LE 24 MARS.~~~~

~~~~SALUTATIONS UNQUOTE-f~~~~

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~~~~i* 17 ORGANISATION DES NATIONS UNIES #g!§ft UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION AU CONGO lislr IN THE CONGO~~~~

~~~~BOITEPOSTALE 7248 LEOPOLDVILLE ' REPUBUQUE DU CONGO CABLE: ONUC. lEOPOUMLLE~~~~

~~~~INTER - OFFICE MEMORANDUM~~~~

_ I96 A • ' Ifr" R« Bunch«, Under-Secret any for Special Political Affairs, New York D« : R.K. Qardiner, Offi;.oer~ia-eaiars«, OfTUG, Laopoidville ,:'; '' . •••'/ '.: ' . --v . '•.;. . ' Obj»t : BfeaffliAati on of B T-vi 1 1 'e do oiua ent e

~~~~I enclose 'Herewith a tnanifeslio entitled "L'h«jure de la ver by th« Zat^ngeae Cart el , vhio}! was fdxmd amongst the Slisabathvllle documents axaaiined "by us here.~~~~

Th« raanifeete contains some interesting remarks with regard' to support or lack of 'support ift the Katanga Assembly for Tshoabe's proclamation of Katanga Indftpendence in July 19^0. It may be of use to you as background material, on the Katanga affair as a whole.

~~~~End.' el~~~~

~~~~Mmsm eg jMpi ISstanga has been proclaimed independent by Mr. Moise Tshojabe on the radio- It will be for posterity to establish the circumstances surrounding this~~~~

~~~~Tshotabe was led to proclaim K&taiiga independent r the.~~~~

~~~~, tlaen# wts a true aet «f force.~~~~

~~~~always so full of assurance } gave a clear impression of reluctant].^ obeying a superior force. Difi he aiake the proclamation eoaroletely independently1?~~~~

~~~~ffl^n it _was_.isu,Tb!attteeL/rj'pr Tappr&'val to the Kiatag^se^BBrliagmta, nineteen out of _ a^ jiptal of siaatsr^niae were present rat tlter_iBeetingi. It is easy to- see thEtj~~~~

~~~~was.. abgeat »^tte, tMrtg__C;E^eljade;i3\ti:;ies. .refused, to ratify,~~~~

~~~~More seriously A._twenty_Coagâtj. ^ûî&sî^Be^^^fo^^^sâE^^ and~~~~

y tjaeir.abseneg.. tfaely degire___f or; ._ther Congp _ to^^reagiri united j Eyea in his. own ârtij^gshj^^c^^^ptôbtain a jmôrity • there were .. votes ia favour 'and 20,. Kfettaagese Earliasseat thus voted in favour of the declaration of independence 'bff Iff votes witfa {30 abstentions. * coimaent would be quite vain. All the rest is merely blnff .

~~~~I/ translator's note: First line of address illegible in original 62-06387 el -3-~~~~

What has happened, then4 its that a real dictatorship has been set upa aad this was made possible by the presence and support of Belgian troops. fshombe succeeded in rallying Ms majority around Mra^ or, at least* in causing it to be believed that lie had done so, because, as will Toe seen later on? that has sever beea the case. An attempt was a-acle with threats and gold to vanquish all opposition. 'Sshombe has frequently stated that the Opposition does act exist. If the leader makes a statement,, the other members immediately come and tell me that they do not in any way agree. For the Cartel members^ the situation is tragic. On the one hand, Conakat has all kinds of supportt exercising unlimited powers,, controlling all public services j siaintaiaing the telephone aaci telegraph services and the Press tinder its sole authority^ jaaaaiag the national radio, sending delegations everywhere to defend its case^, controlling entries and departures and other travel^ publishing sensational communiques every day, buying men's consciences and iraposiag censorship.

On the other haad? Cartel is deprived of all freedom, unable to couaaanicatfe with anyone either inside or outside the country, separated from its leaders5 who are either in prisoa or the subject of proceedings., without any support5 and without any moaey. 'Biere was a real iron curtain around Katanga. The world could learn nothing except from Sshombe's communiques. We deputies live under the constant threat of arrest or violent death. Upon the pretext of setting up a gata&gese array, Gona&at has distributed arms to its fiercest supporters. Depots toave beea set up in our coiainunes and in all our territories, fhese arms are in the hands of inexperienced persons, very often youths of sixteen to eighteen. It is aot aa ariay that has been set up but a band of assassins. &sM!^s^&is^^m^^M^y^^i^'--'-'':'' • •'••••> 1|r*w?

~~~~'^^MSSffiâiita&iMfiw8^toS*<^wJîîC«y«v,-3;feii- ' ,;•;•.: • '<- >• .-'~~~~

~~~~l^8^^^4St»3£*tt' tod*y Jv.'-, .-~~~~

~~~~•' ->t;.Vi:^*i^Sf5i.^%i^^^®IS"' translation~~~~

~~~~Letter from Mr. Kimba, MiaMter for Foreign Affairs, to President Tshombe, dated 22 March 1962~~~~

Mr. Kiraba refers to previously reported daily incidents since Mr. Tehombe's departure, incidents for which the tfoited Hat ions is fully responsible . !Ehe Katsngese Gandarmes remained calm^ 'oat souse Uaited Ustioas psrsonsel were dbvioualy trying to create incidents to disturb the negotiations.

remainder of the territory remained calm and aH was well, although Mr. Kiiriba was not recoveriag rapidly from his recent illness. He was isppatienrtly awaiting news from Laopoldville said pleased to note Hr. 5?shoia'bets optimism*

~~~~GoverHiaent teem had the situation well in hand. uHinary translation~~~~

~~~~issued "by the Office of Presidaat~~~~

~~~~Mr. Kin&a, issues final list of casualties vhieh occurred at Slisabethville during the ineiieats in Dseemben~~~~

~~~~Hataagese areMtefa: troops 5^ Katangese police 5 Kafcasgese eivllieas 41 Horfcli Shodesian civilisaH S European eiviliens 2S Goaaese civilians 1~~~~

~~~~f otel~~~~

~~~~European civilians were reported disappeared aad presumed dead.~~~~

~~~~Elisabetfcville, 21 Mqreh r suromary translation~~~~

~~~~0OHtmant(|ul issued "by the J&Iaistry of Foreign Affairs~~~~

text of cables of eongratulati^^followiag Mgerlea cease fire >y Mr. Ki^^)to Geioeral Ite Gaullej PreaidQHb of the French Bepublic and to His Iseellency Ben Khedda, Prasideat of the Provisional Government of ths Algerian Bepublic at Tunis.

~~~~, 20 March 1968. r summary translation~~~~

~~~~Issued by the Office of the President~~~~

Reports that four United Hefcions soldiers ©eeomp&nied by two United Nations civilian personnel^whvj^gU/ii A^fs.njo kne, w.»•" Elifcabethvili* *• £~***fe-&*t, —e particularly well, travelling in a United Nations Jeep with a machine gun, visited Albert and Kenya communes and then proceeded along the Muaacia road towards positions occupied by Katangese Gendarmerie. They ware arrested end questioned, £hey could not give the reason for their journey. Jeep and weapons were seised,

afternoon Mr. Eiutoa suamoned Mr. Kolz-Beanett and reviewed with him, in the presence of Mr. Bavk and Minister Munongo, various incidents which had occurred between the Kstangeae Gendarmerie and the United Sations.

~~~~Mr. Rolz*Bennett promised to give strict instructions to prevent a recurrence of such incidents.~~~~

~~~~United Hations personnel arrested that day were handed over to the United Efations, together with their vehicles and weapons.~~~~

~~~~5fhe Government of Katengs, was particularly desirous of jnaintaining calm and preventing any incident which would disturb the adtaosphere of the taSaksx talks at 3Deopoldville.~~~~

~~~~Bltsabethvllle, 22 March summary translation~~~~

~~~~0osiniuriigu! issued by 15110 Office of the President~~~~

~~~~Chief Kasenibe, a recent goest of President Tshonibe, left Katanga on 10 March.~~~~

~~~~Chief Kasembe eacpss^sed thaiiks for the cordial "welcome he had receiyed at EHsafoethville and Kasoago. !l?he Chief reiterated his loyalty to the Katangese Chief of State.~~~~

~~~~Svllle, 21 March summary translation~~~~

~~~~issued t>y the Office of the President~~~~

Bsports that United Nations troops again tried to create incidents on the mourning of 21 Marc&. They went to Kilcfeelobe (?) at about £@§@ 10.30 J3S aad insulted Katangeae polio®/ ^^then attempted to drive through a "barrier on Son Bosco road* ffiiey were repulsed, but promised to return the following &a$ Saturday.

~~~~^is Soverninsnt protested strongly send hopes that Waited lations leaders at Elisabethville would glv^ strict instructions to prevent a reeurremse.~~~~

~~~~llisabethville, 21 March~~~~

concludes tfith a late report that two "United Efatioas again made a simulated attack on a Kgfcssageee aircraft earrfring passengers and zasdical supplies. She pilot was able to avoid any aceideat. Forttmately, apart from those incidents, the situation throughout Katanga was calm. summary translation

~~~~issued by the Office of the Preisdent~~~~

Since opening of the S&opoldville negotiations, there is increasing evidence of the d&sire of certain parties to sabotage the Conference by means of a ^var of nerves*. $> Ifitness J4r. Adoula'a absence from I«0poldville, Mr. Xleo's ine&ndiary speech, tae Kisemba attack/ and the simulated attack ofi a Kstfeangase aircraft "bringing supplies to North Katanga* Also, on 30 March, United Nations sentries at Elisabethville arrested sad later released sons Katangese Gendsraias.

~~~~FtK-theraore, GeEersl RiKhya gave a press conference at &3opoldville oa 29 March •wnich was clearly an attack on Katanga and contains statements were entirely without foundation,~~~~

~~~~Soverament of Katanga has had enough of the constantly raised mercenary issue. This United Hations excuse for smed sfctaek mast cease,~~~~

~~~~It would be a mistake to take up the various points made "by General Bikhye,~~~~

~~~~the Sovernasnt of Kafcaaga declares that those Seek to sabotage the negotiations and Hsaisax unnerve the people of Katanga will fall in their attempt.~~~~

The CkfirerKEHsnt appeals t© the world for the rejection of these people negotiations conducted in a calm ataosphere with a view tQ finding an Af rtceati solution of the Congolese problem. 5?welve million people have suffered as a result of the Congolese crisis. Is this the problem which Rikhye cenaot see solved?

We shall accept neither United Sat ions aor foreign trusteeship for our country. The only acceptable solution will be one^bstween Ketangeae and The (Sovernrasnt appeals to the people not to listen to rumour mongers . us remain calm. SSiat is the best way in vhich we can help our President.

~~~~, 30 March UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION~~~~

~~~~CLEAR CABLE G~~~~

~~~~28 MARCH 1962~~~~

~~~~SecGen from Gardiner. Following from Rolz-Bennett (elleo 480) "I have received yesterday following letter from Kimba which he has~~~~

~~~~released to press. 'SR/278/MV. To the Officer in Charge. ew/L I have the honour to confirmflatest meeting concerning a certain roadblock~~~~

~~~~manned by United Nations forces. You have agreed that the roadblock held by the~~~~

~~~~Tunisian contingent near the Institut du Sacre Coeur, Avenue Monseigneur de Hemptinne,~~~~

~~~~will be withdrawn to the level crossing on the same avenue because of the attitude~~~~

~~~~of some soldiers towards the girls and because of the movements of Tunisian soldiers~~~~

on the school grounds, which is always the source of considerable absenteeism among the students as well as of some panic. I am confident that the United Nations which has among its principal aims education and its encouragement, will do everything - and this should be easily fulfilled - to avoid troubling the atmosphere of one of our most important educational establishments. Please accept.

~~~~For the President of Katanga - signed, Kimba, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Elisabethville, 2.6 March 1962 * I have sent yesterday following reply which I am releasing this afternoon at 1400 GMT~~~~

~~~~1 KG-35, I have the honour to acknowledge receipt of your letter SR/278:MV of 26 March concerning the roadblock held by the Tunisian contingent near the Institut du Sacre SOHST.~~~~

I wish to point out an inaccuracy in the terms of that letter. You indicated that I had agreed to the withdrawal of the roadblock tophe level crossing situated on the Avenue Monseigneur de Hemptinne. In fact, at no time have I given my agreement 2. thereto. What I had actually promised was to study the deployment of ONUC forces around the roadblock so that they may be stationed further away from the Institut. I therefore ordered the guards near the roadblock to stay on the other side of the Avenue so that they may be at a greater distance from the Institut. Furthermore, I have been informed that the gendarmerie has set up a new roadblock near Camp Massart, behind the Saint Boniface School, near the stadium on Avenue Prince Leopold, and that a new roadblock situated on the Kasapa Road near the Avenue du Golf has been set up closer. In order to avoid any incidents, I wish to request you to give the necessary instructions so that the first roadblock be removed without del^and the second, should you consider its presence necessary, be restored in its previous position. Please accept. * " TC... ' FFLE :-!0 CY109 SSS LEO 4<5l/45S 2S 15252 Pi/53/50 D ;•,.; no, ETAT PRIORITE ;' INITIALS UNATIONS U-iidL.^

~~~~NEWYORK =~~~~

SECGEN FROM GARDINER FOLLOWING FROM ROL2- ^ BENNETTXBACK (ELLEO QUOTE I HAVE RECEIVED YESTERDAY FOLLOWING LETTER FROM KIMBA WHICH HE HAS RELEASED TO PRESS SUBQUOTE SR/27S/^5V, MONSIEUR LE REPRESENTANT, JAI L HONNEUR DE VOUS CONFIRMER NOTRE DERNIER ENTRETIEN CONCERNANT CERTAIN BARRAGE DES FORCES DE LORGANISATIOW - P2 « INTERNATIONALE. VOUS AVEZ MARQUE ACCORD POUR QUE LE BARRAGE TENU PAR LE CONTO3GENT TUNISIEN A HAUTEUR DE LINSTITUT DU SACRE COEUR , fTrRjs.eatE-sas.'aosti-MSSfteg-^-'^r"^':.^^ A NIVEAU SITUE SUE LA MEME AVEHUE. CECI EST MOTIVE PAR LATTITUDE DE CERTAINS SOLDATS VIS-A-VIS DES = P3 = JEUNES FILLES ET PAR LES MOUVE?ffiNTS BES SOLDATS TUNISIENS SUR LA PARCELLE DE LECOLES CE QUI PROVOQUE CHAQUE FOIS UN ABSTENTEISME IMPORTANT FARM LES ELEVES AINSI QUUNE CERTAINE PANIQUE. JE VEUX GROIRE OUELOHGANISATION DES NATIONS UNIES DONT UN DES BUTS PRIHCIPAUX EST LENSEI6NEMENT ET SA PROMOTIONj <* Pk c FERA GE QUI EST NEGESSAIRE ET CECI EST FACILEMENT REALISABLE POUR NE PLUS TRQUBLER LATMQSPHERE DUN DE NOS PRIMCIPAUX ETABLISSEMENTS DENSEIGNEMENT . PARA JE PROFITS DE LA PRESENTS,.,. SALUTATIONS, POUR LE PRESIDENT DU KATANGA» LE KINI3TRE DES AFFAIRES ETOANGERES ' P4 * ^ FERA GE QLJI EST NEGESSAIRE ET CEGI £ST FACILEMENT REALISABLE POUR , NE PLUS TROUBLES LATMOSPHERE DUN BE NOS PRINCIPALS ETABLISSEMENTS .' DENSEIGNEMENT , PARA JE PROFITE DE LA PRESENTE,.,. SALUTATIONS, • POUR LE PRESIDENT DU KATANGA, LE MINISTRE DES AFFAIRES ETRANGERES E. KIMBA ELISABETHVILLE LE 26 MARS 19

PS - PARA JE TIENS A RELEVER UNE INEXACTITUDE DANS LES TEPvMES DE VOTRE SUSDITE LETTRE. VOUS INDIfiUEZ EN EFFECT QUE JAI MARQUE ACCORD POUR QUE LE BARRAGE EN QUESTION SOIT RECULE JUSQUAU PASSAGE A NIVEAU AVENUE MONSEIGNEUR DE HEMPT1NNE ORj A AUCUN MOMENT JE NE VOUS AI HARQUE MON « P7 = ACCORD POUR RECULER CE BARRAGE, PAR CONTRE JE VOUS AVAIS PROMIS DETUDIH DES FORCES DE LONUC AUTOUR DU BARRAGE POUR LELOIGNER DE LINSTITUT, DANS CES CONDITIONS JAI DONNE LORDRE OUE LE POST OK OK P7 * AGCJQRB POUR REGULER GE BARRAGE, PAR CONTRE JE VOUS AVAIS PRQMIS BETUBIER LE SEPLOIEMENT DES FORCES BE LONUC AUTOUS 2>U BARRAGE POUR LELQIGNER BE LINSTITUT. BANS CES CONDITIONS JAI BONNE LORDRE SUE LE POSTS BE SARBE AUPRES DU BARRAGE SOIT PLACE BE LAUTRE COTE DE AFIN BETRE *

AINSI PL0S ELQIGNE DE UNSTITUTION. ENFIN IL A ETE PORTE A KA CONMISSANCE 6UE LA GEKDA8MERJA A ETABLI UN NQUyEAU BARRAGE \ PSES DU CAMP MASSART DERRIERE LECOLE SAINT BONIFACE, PRES DU STABS BE LAfENUE PRINCE LEOPOLD, DES QUUN AUTRE, SUR LE GIRSUIT ROUTIER BE KASAPA, *

PRES BE LAVENUE DU GOLF, A ETE AVANCE. PARA JE ' PRIE AFIN DEVITER TOUT INCIDENT, DE CONNER LES INSTRUCTIONS '. NESESSAIRES POUR QUE LE PREMIER BARRAGE CI-DESSUS SOIT RETIRE f SAMS DELAI ET QUE LE SECOND, SI VOUS ESTIMEZ SON MAINTIEN NECESSAIRE, t SOIT SETABLI A SON « £ jg

~~~~EMPLACEMENT ANTERIEUR. SALUTATIONS. SUBUNQUOTE UNOUOTE + £~ ^~~~~

~~~~.... e """" COL 4SO SR/27S/MV. S6 1S>^ 1400 KG-35 SR/278/MV 26 5 /? 5~~~~

~~~~Note No. ^550 NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS 28 March 1962~~~~

~~~~With regard to the full-page advertisement which appeared in "The New York Times" on 28 March 19^2, a UN spokesman made the following comments today:~~~~

The full-page advertisement in "The New York Trunes" of 'dti March, entitled "What Is the •bruth about the war in Katanga," is biased, inaccurate and misleading. The advertilcci ;c:ili purports to be the serious. :.?indings of a "first-hand investigation of the UN Katanga operation" by an unbiased observer. The idea that such an investigation could have been undertaken by or.a person in the two or three days that Professor van dci^ Haag was in Elisabethville, is, on the face of it, absurd. Any objective investigation would have taken much longer and would also have entailed a serious effort to talk to those involved on both sides of the question. The first six points of the "findings" of the van den.Haag "mission" add up to an accusation of aggression against the United Nations. Such accusations are answered in detail and responsbily in the official documents of the United Nations, issued regularly throughout the period of disturbances in Elisabethville. It suffices to recall once again that the fighting in December was caused by a highly organized attempt by European officers of the Katanga army, and notably by a group of French officers expelled from Algeria after the April 1961 revolt, to destroy the UN Force at a time when it was at its weakest due to the rotation of two out of its four battalions in Elisabethville. This.attempt started on 28 November with acts of harassment, murder, kidnapping, beating up and the cutting of communications and led up to a full-scale attempt to isolate the UN units from each other and then to destroy them in detail. This intention has never been seriously denied and, indeed, was publicly boasted about by mercenary officers in Elisabethville. It was during this period that for five days the UN, to its great military risk and disadvantage, tried desperately to avert the crisis and to dissuade the Katangese authorities from the disastrous course designed for them by foreign adventurers.

(more) - 2 - Wote No. 2550 28 March 1962 Professor van den Haag arrived in Elisabethville some 20 days after the fighting ended and does not appear to have gone outdoors very. much. He refers, for example, to "the sackikg of that once beautiful and peaceful city." Anyone who has been to Elisabethville lately would know the idiocy of this charge, and this can be attested professionally by the social workers brought into the city by the UN immediately after the fighting. Similarly, his charge of the "combination of savagery and incompetence" of UN military operations and his pretense to have "seen for himself" can hardly be sustained in view of the fact that he was not in Elisabethville at the time and heard only second-hand stories from extreme elements, especially of the European population, who are widely known for tlieir violent opposition to the United Nations. The r^vrertisement contains the standard recitation of alleged UN atrocities. Its charge '-'£ deliberate atrocities has ro basis. Although some innocent people inevit&bly suffered, what Ercfossor van c.<;a Haag does not mention is the involvement of a largs part o± the European civilian population in sniping and other paramilitary activities, using hospitals, churches, schools and ambulances as a cover, and the extrene confusion which such involvement creates. He does not mention the figures of civilians killed in Elisabethville. Had he taken the trouble to secure these figures from the representative of the International Red Cross, he would have found them remarkably low for over two weeks of bitter fighting in a populated area. For example, the maximum Red Cross estimate of Europeans killed from all causes during the December fighting is J2. The pre- dominant number of African civilian casualties was caused largely by the forces opposing the UN and accurate estimates are not available even today, since as a matter of policy the UN kept its forces out of the African communes. The lowness of these figures is mainly due to the restraint imposed upon and observed by the UN Force, invariably to their great military disadvantage. The advertisement makes no mention of UN casualties and especially these which occurred before the hostilities began, including three cold-blooded murders. It does not mention the massacre of unpopular tribes by the Katanga gendarmerie under European officers in the African communes, nor the mortaring by these same soldiers of the refugee camp causing hundreds of casualties and a situation of panic and confusion which, but for the steadfastness of the UN troops guarding the camp, might well have engulfed the town in total disaster.

~~~~(more) - 3 - Note Wo. 2550 28 March 1962~~~~

It does not mention, of course, the indefatigable efforts of UN soldiers and civilians to restore utilities and public services after th-3 fighting, and to help the Katangese police to round up looters and squatters in areas where the inhabitants had left their houses empty. The advertisement concludes with three typical anonymous atrocity photographs, with no evidence as to their context or to any UTJ involvement. No one would deny that military activity in a populated srea brings tragedy, and sonetimes death, to innocent persons. It v.?s for thnt reason tbet the U!»T Jeopardised its position in December l.o try to prevent hostilities. It further jeopardized its position by refusing to allow its forces to engage in fronting in the main part of the town, for the ss;jie _'•-.".,::on. It would bo all too esrjr to produce any number of similar photographs of UN cnsujij/iyies, of casualties in the y-n'ugee camp, o:.- of casualties of tribal discrimination and panic-rendering by the Ka'canga gendarmerie. S--v.:.\ shoddy devices as this arc typical of the cynical opportunism shown through cut t":ls advertisement. They can only cause further pain among those intimately concerned and hamper the efforts of those who, in very difficult circumstances, are devoting themselves to furthering peace and prosperity in the Congo in aid to the Congolese Government and on behalf of the world community. The implication that the United Nations has prevented or discouraged investiga- tions is baseless. One such investigation, that into the death of a Red Cross representative, was actually suggested by the UN itself and its results are now being formulated. Member governments through their consular and diplomatic representatives have kept the situation under close scrutiny, and have received detailed information from their own representatives as well as from the UN Secretariat. In the Congo itself, despite the many difficulties of the situation, assistance and cooperation is regularly given to interested visitors wishing to establish the truth.

~~~~# *** * fclF~~~~

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around the barrage in order to remove it from the Institute" Mf BAHSaQK P&H! LEUftftNKR US LIHSflTUT «l?Of£*ME &SJO MEffTOMl THAT KATAIKSA ERCCTE8 MEV lOABiLCieK Mm CAMP HASSART &^B THAT AMOTKER HAB BEE^ !«0fES HP mm A?EN8E SU S0LF»HI BENAMBCB VXtHBRAWAl. 8F FIRST AUi EETOtS^ OF SECdttB TO QSX€IHAL POSITIOM

~~~~' 143 -t- ,- -\ cyme FFF 334 339 29 osi4z j •- ETAT NYK~~~~

SECSIIN FROM GARDINE8 FOUOWIN6 RECEIVED FROM EVILLE (ELLE0484) I QUOTE 1. mm REQUESTS AUTHORIZATION TO IMPORT 92 METRIC TONS OF GELIGNITE 1H PER CENT REQUIRED FOR UNDERGROUND FINING AT KAMBOVE AND KAMOTO. LATTER ARE TWO NE¥ MINER* THE S>2 TONS ARE SPREAD * P2 * OVER A _ PERIOD EXTENDING FROM APRIL 1962 TO. JANUARY lS>63. ARRIVAL OF FIRST WAGON CONTAINING *3 METRIC TONS IN APRIL* 2. UMHK ALSO REQUESTS AUTHORIZATION TO TRANSPORT BY RAILWAY BETWEEN JADOTVILLE AND KlPUSHI LOCALLY MANUFACTURED EXPLOSIVES REQUIRED AT PRINCE LEOPOLD MINE IN KlPUSHI. THESE EXPLOSIVES

~~~~-r '.-,':-...- .X 'X- ^ te>1||f|p5|r* -X~~~~

~~~~^ AFfilSI^|t^JABOTVlLL£ COHPLEMENT. SUPPLY WHICH UMH^REPEIVIS V^,^^^~~~~

~~~~SOUTH AFRICA,, REQUIREMENTS ARE AS FOLLOWS} iOO METRIC~~~~

TONS PER YEAR OF SPECIAL DYNAMITE IN CARTRIDGES OF 44 X 250 MM "pjB 25 / 210 $M= 1,200,000 METRES OF FIRING MATCH PER' YEAR" 150,000 METRE OF DETONATING * P V51/50 ~ (' STRING PER YEAR SEMICLN TOOfOOO ORDINARY DETOMATORS 1 PER YEAR SEMICOLON 70,000 TIME DETONATORS PER YEAR* UMHK : REQUEST AUTHORITY TO REPLENISH THEIR STOCKS FOR TIME BEING WITH MINIMUM QUANTITY REQUIRED AS FOLLOWS! ONE WAGON LOADED WITH S^OOO KGS OF SPECIAL DYNAMITE zs / 210 AND 7,040 KGS OF SPECIAL ~ P5/54/52 *

~~~~DYNAMITE 44 / 250 SCLN ONE WAGON LMADED WITH 100,000 METRES OF MATCH, 10 BOXES OF DETONATORS STRING 50,000~~~~

~~~~: ORDINARY (1QBOXES) 3,000 TIME DETONATORS NO 0 (6 BOXES)s~~~~

~~~~;• 1,000 TIM DETONATORS NO i C2 BOXES >? 2,000 TIME DETONATORS NO 2 (4 BOXES), -~~~~

~~~~. PS =~~~~

~~~~1,000 TIME DETONATORS NO 3 (2 BOXES>s 2.000 TIME DETONATORS NO 4 ( 4BOXES), i,000 TIME~~~~

~~~~. DETONATORS N05 <2 BOXES), 1,000 TIME DETONATORS W0« 1 S <2 BOXES), IjQQOITIME DETONATORS NO, 8 (2 BOXES). ' 3. OUR MILITARY COMMAND HAS » ! Ff/27 •~~~~

~~~~! m OBJECTION YO GRANTING THESE AUTHORIZATIONS, UNQUOTE~~~~

~~~~' EYE HAVE REPLIED AS FOLLOWS 3 QUOTE YOUR ELLEO 4S4 CONSULTING £ ^ :~ NEWYORK. AUTHORIZATION WILL BE INDICATED LATE4. UNQUOTE + / i- ^ :7J~~~~

! CMi 6-349 4S4 1. 92 74 92 19S2 1965. 13 2. / - ^ ", REQUEST AUTHORITY TO REPLENISH THEIR STOCKS FOR TIME BEING WITH MINIMUM QUANTITY REQUIRED AS FOLLOWSS ONE WAGON LOADED WITH g,000 KGS OF SPECIAL DYNAMITE 25/210 AND 7,©40 KGS OF SPECIAL * P5/54/52 * DYNAMITE 44 / 250 SCiN ONE WAGON LMABED WITH 100,000 METfiES OF MATCH, 10 BOXES OF DETONATORS STRING'50,000 ORDINARY UOBQXES) 3,000 TIME DETONATORS NO 0 <€ BOXES), 1,000 TIME"DETONATORS NO i (2 BOXES), 2,000 TIME DETONATORS NO 2 (4 BOXES), ~

~~~~PS = i,QOQ TIME DETONATORS NO 3 <2 BOXES), 2,000 TIME~~~~

DETONATORS NO 4 ( 4BOXES|.S 1,000 TIME DETONATORS N05 <2 BOXES), 1,000 TIME DETONATORS NO, 6 (2 BOXES), 1,OOOITIME DETONATORS NO, B C2 BOXES), 3, OUR MILITARY COMMAND HAS » P7/27 = / NO OBJECTION YO GRANTING THESE AUTHORIZATIONS, UNQUOTE EYE HAVE REPLIED AS FOLLOWS S QUOTE YOUR ELLEO 4S4 CONSULTING 7^ g £

~~~~NEWYORK, AUTHORIZATION WILL BE INDICATED LATE4a UNQUOTE + / ^ ~ -~~~~

CKL G-349 4S4 1. 92 74 S>2 19^ 1963. 13 2. 100 44 / 250 25/210 1,2008000 150,000 700,000 70,000 8,000 25 X 210 7,040 44X 250 100/000 10 50,000 10 3,600 0 6 1,000 1 2 2,000 24 1,000 3 2 2,000 4 4 1,000'5 2 i,000 € 2 i,QOQ 8 2 3.- IN TEXT WHERE STROKE BTN FIGS PSE READ X IHPT X TKS

~~~~ANB P7 SECOND LAST G8P PSE READ LATER IRPT LATER TKS~~~~

~~~~_i_ T^:_3. t • '—— i^ !.~ '?' .O ACTiON~~~~

~~~~TO Oft 41 SSS 1JE6 4€t 2& 68142 F!!.C NO.~~~~

~~~~( ri AC1!0:-<~~~~

UNATlOttS 1PHC « &»350 5ECGESJ FROM GARDINER POLL011WG tSSUEQ BY TSHOMBE &UOTE COMMUHIQUE DE LA DELEGATION KATANGAISE A LA PRES^E « PARA ME SEAKCE DE CONVERSATION /fflOULA-TSHOMBE A EU.UEU LE MARDI 2? HAH«; i§62 « SLLE SEST TEEMISEE SUE LA fECXStQH DE «!E HEVOIR DAN? PEU DE JOURS

MAIS LE GOWESHEMEJfT CENTRAL A ROMPU DAW«?.LAPRES-i-iI»I 1ACCOHD Q¥I AVA1T ETE. PASSED AU. DEBUT DE? COWERÂTIOM*?, m CE GUI COHCERWE LE? RAPPORT-? AVEG LA PREÊ e PARA LA HUPTUSE DU SILENCED QUE M» ADOUtA AURAIT POUR PRETEXTED tEWOI EM COMMUHiG&TIQN PAR M, tSHOMBE^ * P3 s . . . ' " . . A MFFEREMTES 'AMBASSADEff, .DO TEXTS QUOTE MATIERE*! A BISCUTER tKeuoTE ayiL AVAIT TRANSMIT. A $B ADOULA, A LA DEIÂHSE DE CELUI-CI, MAIS M. tSHOMBE SAIT ©-UE M, ADOULA^ . TIENT- CERTAXNES.AMBASSABES AIHSI ftUS LES NATIQM

BE LEbTJg COWERSAnOKlS , AJ^Sl PAR EXEMPLE9 LE *

~~~~27 MAE% CEST SUE ClBOfE.BES RENSSXGHEMEST1? RECEUlLLI'? A !AMBASSAJ)E BES EfATS»813|g A I^EOFQiDvILtE UMyOTE , QUE~~~~

~~~~LE PUBLIC &PPREMI7 LE§ IlflfENTJOHS BE M*.ADOULA e PABA OB5 PEUT DOHC EStlMER SKPOEf AMT O.UE CES ORGAHISMES NE SOIEHT PAS DE MANXESE. UHXUI'ES.ALEs POT?QUE LE GOUfEBNEMENT CENTRAL~~~~

At* SimpLirs* LA HABtO BE j KA (JESSE AU SURPLUS^ LA HABIO BE su GOWERWEBEMT CENTRAL, HA DEBUT BE REPASME 8ES INFORMATIONS RU' CETTE toss * SANS AueuwE jusmteAiriffli, u. ADOULA . RGMPU N0TRE ACCORD KEMfiF A tA SXFFttSlOH DE1^

JR NOS ENTRETtENS, £M fAISANTjM• C0MMUN&QUE UNILATERAL, LE PRESIDENT T^HOMBE NADOPTE HULLEMENT UHE QUOTE ATTITUDE D1LATOIRE UNQUOTE . IL A_ACCEPTS D£ VENIR A LEOPOLDVlLLE, FAKCE QUE LE KAtAMGA EST.pRET A.REMCWCER A CERTAINS^ SE

QUE DE« SOLOTIOKS ACCEPTABLE^ PUISSENT ETRE TSOWEE? * EH^EKBLE, EWfRE GEfl^ GUI VEULEMT LtflTERET SUPREME ET LE BOMHEUR DE LA . FOPULATIQNe PARA LE PRESIDENT SAlT^QUE BE*! ACCORDS FAlTfi DANfi GET El?PSIT m REMCOKTBESOHT.PAS .DOPPOfilTIGH ET SHROWT CERTAINEMEHT RATIFIED PAR LASSEMBLEE KATAWGAISE. IL VEUT OBSERVER

~~~~PM SEM00RATIQUES M»« LE 'RESPECT BE LASSEMBLEE ET DU PEOPLE BU. KATANGA. PASA ?£ BEST PA1? LA VOIE UUE *?EMBLE , VdULOlR PREKBRE LE GOUVERNEMEKT CEMTHAL EN BE REUNIR ^ILLEeALEMENT LE~~~~

* i '.'.-". - rv •••' ...-.•• - £'. s*r c: esatf a«E U mm m tA RAHaw §MA FIMALEMEST EKTSNBUE , /„ • BEWSfiATXQUES BANS LE'REJECT DE LASSEMBWE ET DU 811. KATANGA. PAHA 0| NEST PAS LA VOIE Q«E ^EMBLE , VOia,OIR PRENBRE LEflOUVERNEMEH TCENTRA L EN LSNTEWTIOM BE &ETOR ILLEGALEMENT LES. ASSEMBLES

~~~~S 6.PARA LA BELEGATIOH SU KATAMGA EESTE FEHMEMEHT~~~~

* • . ~~i ?-' ET GHOST ClUE LA VOIE BE LA RAISON ^ERA F1MALEMENT ENTEMDUE „ ,CT ^ ;f LK PRESliDEbJT DU KATANGA UHQUOTE -h . ?5 ~^' H?

~~~~i ? P COL 6«330 27,1&62 3.7 +? ~^ £ UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION~~~~

~~~~CLEAR CABLE G 550~~~~

~~~~29 MARCH 1962~~~~

~~~~SecGen from Gardiner~~~~

Following issued by Tshombe "Communique' of the Katangese Delegation to the press. At the end of a meeting between Adoula and Tshombe on Tuesday 27 March it was decided that another meeting would be held in a few days. However, the Central Government broke in the afternoon the agreement that had been reached at the beginning of the talks concerning relations with the press. The reason given by Mr. Adoula for breaking that silence was that Mr. Tshombe

~~~~had sent to various Embassies a text entitled 'Items to be discussed1 communicated~~~~

~~~~to Mr. Adoula at the latter's request. Mr. Tshombe knows that Mr. Adoula keeps~~~~

~~~~certain Embassies as well as the United Nations informed of their talks. For~~~~

~~~~instance on 27 March it was on the basis of ^information received by the United~~~~

States Embassy in Leopoldville' that the public learnt about Mr. Adoula's intentions. One may therefore consider important that these organs should not be informed unilaterally, since they are already kept up to date by the Central Government. Furthermore, the Leopoldville radio, an official organ of the Central Government, has never ceased spreading information on the talks. This time, without any justification, Mr. Adoula broke our agreement concerning

~~~~the spreading of news on our talks by issuing a unilateral communique".~~~~

~~~~President Tshombe is in no way adopting a 'dilatory«" attitude. He accepted~~~~

~~~~to come to Leopoldville because Katanga is ready to give up some of its de fa.ctc~~~~

~~~~perogatives in a spirit of understanding and of unity with the rest of the Congo.~~~~

He knows that unit^rests on the togetherness of all regional aspects. The Fundamental Law must be modified so that the Congo may be saved. Katanga wishes a satisfactory regime to be defined by mutual agreement and acceptable solutions to be found together by persons concerned with the higher interests and. the happiness of the population.

~~~~The president knows that agreements arrived at in such a spirit will not "be opposed and will certainly "be ratified by the Kalangese Assembly. He wishes~~~~

~~~~to observe democratic principles in the respect of the Assembly a,nd of the~~~~

~~~~people of Katanga. It is not unfortunately the road that the Central Government~~~~

~~~~seems to follow when it announces its intention to convene illegally the~~~~

~~~~Provincial Assemblies.~~~~

~~~~The Delegation of Katanga remains strongly determined to continue the~~~~

~~~~negotiations and trusts that the voice of reason will eventually be heard.~~~~

~~~~The President of Katanga. "~~~~