DOCSLIB.ORG

Alphaserver DS20E / Alphastation DS20E Systems

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Alphaserver DS20E / Alphastation DS20E Systems AlphaServer DS20E AlphaStation DS20E Reference Guide Order Number: ER-K8F6W-UA. D01 This manual is for managers and operators of Compaq AlphaServer DS20E / AlphaStation DS20E systems. Compaq Computer Corporation Revised, August 2000 © 2000 Compaq Computer Corporation. COMPAQ, the Compaq logo, and AlphaServer Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. OpenVMS and Tru64 are trademarks of Compaq Information Technologies Group, L.P. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in several countries. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the U.S. and other countries. All other product names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies. Compaq shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Contents Preface ........................................................................................................................xi Chapter 1 System Overview 1.1 System Enclosures ................................................................................ 1-2 1.2 System Parts (Front/Side View)............................................................ 1-4 1.3 System Parts (Rear View) ..................................................................... 1-6 1.4 Operator Control Panel......................................................................... 1-8 1.5 System Board ...................................................................................... 1-10 1.6 Server Feature Module ....................................................................... 1-12 1.7 PCI Slots ............................................................................................. 1-14 1.8 Power Supplies.................................................................................... 1-16 1.9 Removable Media Storage................................................................... 1-18 1.10 Hard Disk Drive Storage..................................................................... 1-19 1.11 Two-Way Combination Module........................................................... 1-20 1.12 Console Terminal ................................................................................ 1-21 Chapter 2 Installing the Pedestal System 2.1 System Dimensions and Service Area................................................... 2-2 2.2 Power Requirements............................................................................. 2-3 2.3 Shipment Box........................................................................................ 2-4 2.4 Pedestal Setup ...................................................................................... 2-5 2.5 System Access ....................................................................................... 2-6 2.6 Installing a Pedestal Kit ....................................................................... 2-7 Chapter 3 Installing the Rackmount System 3.1 Rackmount Documentation................................................................... 3-2 3.2 Power Requirements............................................................................. 3-3 3.3 Shipment Box........................................................................................ 3-4 3.4 Marking the Installation Area.............................................................. 3-5 3.5 Rack Accessories ................................................................................... 3-6 3.6 Preparing the System Chassis .............................................................. 3-8 3.7 Preparing the Rack ............................................................................. 3-12 iii 3.8 Installing the System Chassis............................................................. 3-16 3.9 Installing the Interlock System .......................................................... 3-18 3.10 Installing the Cable Management Arm .............................................. 3-20 3.11 Dressing the Cables ............................................................................ 3-22 3.12 Attaching the Front Bezel................................................................... 3-24 Chapter 4 Booting and Installing an Operating System 4.1 Setting Boot Options............................................................................. 4-2 4.1.1 auto_action...................................................................................... 4-3 4.1.2 bootdef_dev ..................................................................................... 4-5 4.1.3 boot_file........................................................................................... 4-6 4.1.4 boot_osflags..................................................................................... 4-7 4.1.5 ei*0_inet_init or ew*0_inet_init.................................................... 4-11 4.1.6 ei*0_protocols or ew*0_protocols................................................... 4-12 4.2 Booting Tru64 UNIX........................................................................... 4-13 4.2.1 Booting Tru64 UNIX over the Network........................................ 4-16 4.3 Starting a Tru64 UNIX Installation ................................................... 4-18 4.4 Booting Linux...................................................................................... 4-20 4.5 Booting OpenVMS............................................................................... 4-24 4.6 Booting OpenVMS from the InfoServer.............................................. 4-26 4.7 Starting an OpenVMS Installation..................................................... 4-28 Chapter 5 Configuring and Installing Components 5.1 Preparing to Install Components.......................................................... 5-2 5.2 Removing the Side Cover (Pedestal) ..................................................... 5-3 5.3 Removing the Top Cover (Rackmount) ................................................. 5-5 5.4 Memory Configuration.......................................................................... 5-6 5.4.1 Installing and Removing DIMMs ................................................... 5-8 5.5 CPU Configuration.............................................................................. 5-10 5.6 Installing a PCI or ISA Option ........................................................... 5-11 5.6.1 Installing a PCI Option................................................................. 5-12 5.6.2 Installing a Multichannel SCSI Option ........................................ 5-14 5.7 Installing a Redundant Power Supply................................................ 5-16 5.8 Network Configuration ....................................................................... 5-18 5.9 Disk Drive Configuration.................................................................... 5-20 5.10 Installing Disk Drives......................................................................... 5-22 5.10.1 Drive Status LEDs........................................................................ 5-24 5.11 Configuring the Storage Subsystem ................................................... 5-26 5.11.1 Connecting a Four-Slot Subsystem............................................... 5-26 5.11.2 Installing a Six-Slot Subsystem.................................................... 5-28 iv 5.12 Installing a Tape Drive ....................................................................... 5-35 5.13 External SCSI Expansion ................................................................... 5-37 5.14 AlphaBIOS Configuration Utilities..................................................... 5-38 5.15 Updating Firmware ............................................................................ 5-41 5.15.1 Sources of Firmware Updates....................................................... 5-42 5.15.2 Updating Firmware from the CD-ROM........................................ 5-43 Chapter 6 Remote Management Console 6.1 RMC Overview ...................................................................................... 6-2 6.2 Connecting to RMC............................................................................... 6-3 6.3 Modem Setup ........................................................................................ 6-4 6.4 Dial-In Procedure.................................................................................. 6-5 6.5 Halt Assertion ....................................................................................... 6-7 6.6 RMC Commands ................................................................................... 6-8 6.7 RMC Switch Pack ............................................................................... 6-14 6.7.1 Changing a Switch Setting ........................................................... 6-16 6.7.2 Resetting the RMC to Factory Defaults........................................ 6-17 6.8 Troubleshooting .................................................................................. 6-18 Chapter 7 Using the SRM Console 7.1 SRM Console Overview......................................................................... 7-2 7.1.1 Invoking the SRM Console ............................................................. 7-4 7.2 Command Summary ............................................................................. 7-5 7.3 Getting Help........................................................................................ 7-10 7.4 Displaying the Configuration.............................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Migration Specialties International, Inc. Freeaxp™
    Migration Specialties International, Inc. 217 West 2nd Street, Florence, CO 81226-1403 +1 719-784-9196 E-mail: [email protected] migrationSpecialties.com Continuity in Computing FreeAXP™ SPD V2.n – 11-FEB-2016 Digital Emulator Collection Software Product Description FreeAXP is a virtual AlphaServer 400 designed to be hosted on a Windows x86 and x64 systems. This highly portable product offers the following key features: • OpenVMS, Digital UNIX, and Tru64 UNIX support • Simple configuration • Commercial and hobbyist licensing • VM host support • Optional support contracts Best of all, the product is free! FreeAXP is designed to virtualize legacy Alpha hardware. The product is binary compatible with real Alpha hardware, allowing the resident operating system and software to be ported to FreeAXP without modification or the need for source code. For all intents and purposes, FreeAXP offers a simple way to upgrade existing Alpha systems to new hardware. FreeAXP supports 32 – 128MB of virtual memory, up to seven storage devices, including a physical CD/DVD-ROM, two 100Mb NICs, one virtual serial console, and one virtual serial port. FreeAXP provides an introduction to Migration Specialties legacy Alpha virtualization products. It is designed for hobbyist and non-critical system use. Clients requiring additional performance and capabilities should look at Migration Specialties Avanti commercial Alpha replacement solutions. FreeAXP is provided free of charge without warranty or official support. FreeAXP Home Page: http://migrationspecialties.com/FreeAXP.html Migration Specialties believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date; such information is subject to change without notice. Migration Specialties is not responsible for any inadvertent errors.
    [Show full text]
  • Validated Products List, 1995 No. 3: Programming Languages, Database
    NISTIR 5693 (Supersedes NISTIR 5629) VALIDATED PRODUCTS LIST Volume 1 1995 No. 3 Programming Languages Database Language SQL Graphics POSIX Computer Security Judy B. Kailey Product Data - IGES Editor U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology Computer Systems Laboratory Software Standards Validation Group Gaithersburg, MD 20899 July 1995 QC 100 NIST .056 NO. 5693 1995 NISTIR 5693 (Supersedes NISTIR 5629) VALIDATED PRODUCTS LIST Volume 1 1995 No. 3 Programming Languages Database Language SQL Graphics POSIX Computer Security Judy B. Kailey Product Data - IGES Editor U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Technology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology Computer Systems Laboratory Software Standards Validation Group Gaithersburg, MD 20899 July 1995 (Supersedes April 1995 issue) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Ronald H. Brown, Secretary TECHNOLOGY ADMINISTRATION Mary L. Good, Under Secretary for Technology NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY Arati Prabhakar, Director FOREWORD The Validated Products List (VPL) identifies information technology products that have been tested for conformance to Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) in accordance with Computer Systems Laboratory (CSL) conformance testing procedures, and have a current validation certificate or registered test report. The VPL also contains information about the organizations, test methods and procedures that support the validation programs for the FIPS identified in this document. The VPL includes computer language processors for programming languages COBOL, Fortran, Ada, Pascal, C, M[UMPS], and database language SQL; computer graphic implementations for GKS, COM, PHIGS, and Raster Graphics; operating system implementations for POSIX; Open Systems Interconnection implementations; and computer security implementations for DES, MAC and Key Management.
    [Show full text]
  • Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
    Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Using the GNU Compiler Collection by Richard M. Stallman and the GCC Developer Community Last updated 23 May 2004 for GCC 3.4.6 For GCC Version 3.4.6 Published by: GNU Press Website: www.gnupress.org a division of the General: [email protected] Free Software Foundation Orders: [email protected] 59 Temple Place Suite 330 Tel 617-542-5942 Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Fax 617-542-2652 Last printed October 2003 for GCC 3.3.1. Printed copies are available for $45 each. Copyright c 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being \GNU General Public License" and \Funding Free Software", the Front-Cover texts being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled \GNU Free Documentation License". (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: A GNU Manual (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development. i Short Contents Introduction ...................................... 1 1 Programming Languages Supported by GCC ............ 3 2 Language Standards Supported by GCC ............... 5 3 GCC Command Options .........................
    [Show full text]
  • The Design and Verification of the Alphastation 600 5-Series Workstation by John H
    The Design and Verification of the AlphaStation 600 5-series Workstation by John H. Zurawski, John E. Murray, and Paul J. Lemmon ABSTRACT The AlphaStation 600 5-series workstation is a high-performance, uniprocessor design based on the Alpha 21164 microprocessor and on the PCI bus. Six CMOS ASICs provide high-bandwidth, low-latency interconnects between the CPU, the main memory, and the I/O subsystem. The verification effort used directed, pseudorandom testing on a VERILOG software model. A hardware-based verification technique provided a test throughput that resulted in a significant improvement over software tests. This technique currently involves the use of graphics cards to emulate generic DMA devices. A PCI hardware demon is under development to further enhance the capability of the hardware-based verification. INTRODUCTION The high-performance AlphaStation 600 5-series workstation is based on the fastest Alpha microprocessor to date -- the Alpha 21164.[1] The I/O subsystem uses the 64-bit version of the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) and the Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The AlphaStation 600 supports three operating systems: Digital UNIX (formerly DEC OSF/1), OpenVMS, and Microsoft's Windows NT. This workstation series uses the DECchip 21171 chip set designed and built by Digital. These chips provide high-bandwidth, low-latency interconnects between the CPU, the main memory, and the PCI bus. This paper describes the architecture and features of the AlphaStation 600 5-series workstation and the DECchip 21171 chip set. The system overview is first presented, followed by a detailed discussion of the chip set. The paper then describes the cache and memory designs, detailing how the memory design evolved from the workstation's requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • Oracle Application Server Installation Guide for Hp Tru64 UNIX
    Oracle® Application Server Installation Guide 10g Release 2 (10.1.2) for hp Tru64 UNIX B25859-01 February 2007 Oracle Application Server Installation Guide 10g Release 2 (10.1.2) for hp Tru64 UNIX B25859-01 Copyright © 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Primary Author: Megan Ginter, Divya Shankar Contributors: Maria Cheng, Rupesh Das, Kriti Dutta, Ranjan Dutta, Xinyang Gao, Hiroaki Hiratsuka, Sunil Jain, Yongqing Jiang, Prashanth Joshi, Michael Moon, Sambit Nanda, Edsel delos Reyes, Janelle Simmons, Abhay Singh, Shashidhara Varamballi The Programs (which include both the software and documentation) contain proprietary information; they are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are also protected by copyright, patent, and other intellectual and industrial property laws. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of the Programs, except to the extent required to obtain interoperability with other independently created software or as specified by law, is prohibited. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the documentation, please report them to us in writing. This document is not warranted to be error-free. Except as may be expressly permitted in your license agreement for these Programs, no part of these Programs may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose. If the Programs are delivered to the United States Government or anyone licensing or using the Programs on behalf of the United States Government, the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 Preparing to Port Applications 6.1 Ada
    Porting Applications from HP OpenVMS Alpha to HP OpenVMS Industry Standard 64 for Integrity Servers Order Number: BA442–90001 January 2005 This manual provides a framework for application developers who are migrating applications from HP OpenVMS Alpha to HP OpenVMS Industry Standard 64 for Integrity Servers. Revision/Update Information: This is a new manual. Software Version: OpenVMS I64 Version 8.2 OpenVMS Alpha Version 8.2 Hewlett-Packard Company Palo Alto, California © Copyright 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Confidential computer software. Valid license from HP required for possession, use or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor’s standard commercial license. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. Intel, Itanium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries. Java is a U.S. trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. Printed in the US ZK6673 This document was prepared using DECdocument, Version 3.3-1b. Contents Preface ............................................................ ix 1 Introduction 1.1 OpenVMS Industry Standard 64 for Integrity Servers . ............... 1–1 1.2 Overview of the Porting Process .
    [Show full text]
  • Alpha and VAX Comparison Based on Industry-Standard Benchmark
    Alpha and VAX Comparison based on Industry-standard Benchmark Results Digital Equipment Corporation December 1994 EC-N3909-10 Version 3.0 December 1994 The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Digital conducts its business in a manner that conserves the environment and protects the safety and health of its employees, customers, and the community. Restricted Rights: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1 )(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227 7013. Copyright© 1994 Digital Equipment Corporation All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: AlphaServer, AlphaStation, AlphaGeneration, DEC, OpenVMS, VMS, ULTRIX, and the DIGITAL logo. The following are third-party trademarks: MIPS is a trademark of MIPS Computer Systems, Inc. TPC-A is a trademark of the Transaction Processing Performance Council. INFORMIX is a registered trademark of lnformix Software, Inc. OSF/1 is a registered trademark of the Open Software Foundation, Inc. ORACLE is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation. SPEC, SPECfp92, and SPECratio are trademarks of Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation. MIPS is a trademark of MIPS Computer Systems, Inc. All other trademarks and registered
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Semiconductor Alpha 21064 and Alpha 21064A Microprocessors Hardware Reference Manual
    Digital Semiconductor Alpha 21064 and Alpha 21064A Microprocessors Hardware Reference Manual Order Number: EC–Q9ZUC–TE Abstract: This document contains information about the following Alpha microprocessors: 21064-150, 21064-166, 21064-200, 21064A-200, 21064A-233, 21064A-275, 21064A-275-PC, and 21064A-300. Revision/Update Information: This manual supersedes the Alpha 21064 and Alpha 21064A Microprocessors Hard- ware Reference Manual (EC–Q9ZUB–TE). Digital Equipment Corporation Maynard, Massachusetts June 1996 While Digital believes the information included in this publication is correct as of the date of publication, it is subject to change without notice. Digital Equipment Corporation makes no representations that the use of its products in the manner described in this publication will not infringe on existing or future patent rights, nor do the descriptions contained in this publication imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment or software in accordance with the description. © Digital Equipment Corporation 1996. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. AlphaGeneration, Digital, Digital Semiconductor, OpenVMS, VAX, VAX DOCUMENT, the AlphaGeneration design mark, and the DIGITAL logo are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Semiconductor is a Digital Equipment Corporation business. GRAFOIL is a registered trademark of Union Carbide Corporation. Windows NT is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. This document was prepared using VAX DOCUMENT Version 2.1. Contents Preface ..................................................... xix 1 Introduction to the 21064/21064A 1.1 Introduction ......................................... 1–1 1.2 The Architecture . ................................... 1–1 1.3 Chip Features ....................................... 1–2 1.4 Backward Compatibility ...............................
    [Show full text]
  • CHARON-AXP/DS/ES/GS for Linux 64
    Document: 60-15-046-003 CHARON-AXP/DS/ES/GS for Linux 64 bit Product version: 4.4; Build 147-01 Description CHARON-AXP/DS/ES/GS are members of the CHARON cross-platform hardware virtualization product family. CHARON-AXP creates the virtual replica of the original AlphaServer hardware inside a standard 64 bit x86 compatible computer system. It will run the original Alpha binary code, including operating systems like OpenVMS and Tru64 UNIX, their layered products, and applications. CHARON-AXP/DS/ES/GS for Linux 64 bit is designed to replace the following AlphaServer computer systems by its virtual equivalent running on a Windows host platform: CHARON-AXP product Hardware to replace CHARON-AXP/DS10 AlphaServer DS10, DS15 better performance. The constant improvements Stromasys makes to the CHARON products, together with CHARON-AXP/DS20 AlphaServer DS20, DS25 rapidly developing faster hardware, will further shift the CHARON-AXP/ES40 AlphaServer ES40, ES45, ES47 balance to favor cross-platform virtualization. CHARON-AXP/GS80 AlphaServer GS80, GS60, ES80 For the reference, the table below shows performance CHARON-AXP/GS160 AlphaServer GS140, GS160 measurements of the original AlphaServer hardware using CHARON-AXP/GS320 AlphaServer GS320, GS1280 the standard SPEC2000 benchmark. Those numbers are Most of the original AlphaServer hardware is virtualized, available online from official SPEC2000 web page. allowing the OpenVMS or Tru64 operating system and all Single CPU benchmark SPEC2000 INT SPEC2000 FP software that is running in that environment to remain AlphaServer 4100 5/533 176 176 working as always. Very little changes to the original AlphaServer DS10 6/500 300 383 software (operating system, layered products, or AlphaServer DS20 6/677 425 455 applications) are required, their management routines stay AlphaServer ES40 6/500 299 382 the same.
    [Show full text]
  • Alpha 21064A Microprocessors Data Sheet
    Alpha 21064A Microprocessors Data Sheet Order Number: EC–QFGKC–TE This document contains information about the following Alpha micro- processors: 21064A–200, 21064A–233, 21064A–275, 21064A–275–PC, and 21064A–300. Revision/Update Information: This document supersedes the Alpha 21064A–233, –275 Microprocessor Data Sheet, EC–QFGKB–TE. Digital Equipment Corporation Maynard, Massachusetts January 1996 While Digital believes the information included in this publication is correct as of the date of publication, it is subject to change without notice. Digital Equipment Corporation makes no representations that the use of its products in the manner described in this publication will not infringe on existing or future patent rights, nor do the descriptions contained in this publication imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment or software in accordance with the description. © Digital Equipment Corporation 1995, 1996. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. AlphaGeneration, Digital, Digital Semiconductor, OpenVMS, VAX, VAX DOCUMENT, the AlphaGeneration design mark, and the DIGITAL logo are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Semiconductor is a Digital Equipment Corporation business. GRAFOIL is a registered trademark of Union Carbide Corporation. Windows NT is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. This document was prepared using VAX DOCUMENT Version 2.1. Contents 1 Overview ........................................... 1 2 Signal Names and Functions . ........................... 6 3 Instruction Set ....................................... 17 3.1 Instruction Summary ............................... 17 3.2 IEEE Floating-Point Instructions . ................... 23 3.3 21064A IEEE Floating-Point Conformance .............. 25 3.4 VAX Floating-Point Instructions . ................... 28 3.5 Required PALcode Function Codes .
    [Show full text]
  • Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture
    Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture Andrew Waterman Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California at Berkeley Technical Report No. UCB/EECS-2016-1 http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Pubs/TechRpts/2016/EECS-2016-1.html January 3, 2016 Copyright © 2016, by the author(s). All rights reserved. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission. Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture by Andrew Shell Waterman A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor David Patterson, Chair Professor Krste Asanovi´c Associate Professor Per-Olof Persson Spring 2016 Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture Copyright 2016 by Andrew Shell Waterman 1 Abstract Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture by Andrew Shell Waterman Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science University of California, Berkeley Professor David Patterson, Chair The hardware-software interface, embodied in the instruction set architecture (ISA), is arguably the most important interface in a computer system. Yet, in contrast to nearly all other interfaces in a modern computer system, all commercially popular ISAs are proprietary.
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Architectures an Overview
    Computer Architectures An Overview PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Sat, 25 Feb 2012 22:35:32 UTC Contents Articles Microarchitecture 1 x86 7 PowerPC 23 IBM POWER 33 MIPS architecture 39 SPARC 57 ARM architecture 65 DEC Alpha 80 AlphaStation 92 AlphaServer 95 Very long instruction word 103 Instruction-level parallelism 107 Explicitly parallel instruction computing 108 References Article Sources and Contributors 111 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 113 Article Licenses License 114 Microarchitecture 1 Microarchitecture In computer engineering, microarchitecture (sometimes abbreviated to µarch or uarch), also called computer organization, is the way a given instruction set architecture (ISA) is implemented on a processor. A given ISA may be implemented with different microarchitectures.[1] Implementations might vary due to different goals of a given design or due to shifts in technology.[2] Computer architecture is the combination of microarchitecture and instruction set design. Relation to instruction set architecture The ISA is roughly the same as the programming model of a processor as seen by an assembly language programmer or compiler writer. The ISA includes the execution model, processor registers, address and data formats among other things. The Intel Core microarchitecture microarchitecture includes the constituent parts of the processor and how these interconnect and interoperate to implement the ISA. The microarchitecture of a machine is usually represented as (more or less detailed) diagrams that describe the interconnections of the various microarchitectural elements of the machine, which may be everything from single gates and registers, to complete arithmetic logic units (ALU)s and even larger elements.
    [Show full text]