Conference Proceedings 2012 Vol II
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“DUNĂREA DE JOS” UNIVERSITY OF GALAŢI FACULTY OF JURIDICAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES Member of the Network of Institutes and Schools and Public Administration in the Central and East Europe INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE “EXPLORATION, EDUCATION AND PROGRESS IN THE THIRD MILLENNIUM” Galaţi, 20th-21st of April 2012 - Proceedings - Vol. II, No. 4 Galati University Press The Scientific Committee : Honorary Chairmans: Ph.D. Professor Iulian Gabriel BÎRSAN Rector of the ”Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi Ph.D. Professor Andrei POPA Rector of the State University Cahul Moldavia Members: Ph.D. George ANTONIU (Romania) Ph.D. Massimo CIAMBOTTI (Italy) Ph.D. Luminiţa Daniela CONSTANTIN (Romania) Ph.D. Romeo-Victor Ionescu (Romania) Ph.D. Piotr SITNIEWSKI (Poland) Ph.D. Nicolaie VOLONCIU (Romania) Ph.D. Giorgio CALCAGNINI (Italy) Ph.D. Alexandru BOROI (Romania) Ph.D Andreas P. CORNETT (Denmark) Ph.D. Dana TOFAN (Romania) Ph.D. Robert SZCZEPANKOWSKI (Poland) Ph.D. Luca IAMANDI (Romania) Ph.D. Agnieszka BITKOWSKA (Poland) Ph.D. Alexandru ŢICLEA (Romania) Ph.D. Pierre CHABAL (France) Ph.D. Nicolae DURĂ (Romania) Ph.D. Tudorel TOADER (Romania) Ph.D. Irena SZAROWSKA (Czech Republic) Ph.D. Petre BUNECI (Romania) Ph.D. Giorgios CHRISTONAKIS (Greece) Ph.D. Silvia Lucia CRISTEA (Romania) Ph.D. Fabio MUSSO (Italy) Ph.D. Dan DROSU-ŞAGUNA (Romania) Ph.D. Valentina CORNEA (Republic of Moldavia) Ph.D. Eleftherios THALASSINOS (Greece) Ph.D. Sergiu CORNEA (Republic of Moldavia) Ph.D. Emilian STANCU (Romania) Ph.D. Claude BROUDO (France) Ph.D. Tonino PENCARELLI (Italy) Ph.D. Dan LUPAŞCU (Romania) Ph.D. Daniel BUDA (Romania) Ph.D. Răducan OPREA (Romania) Ph.D. Florin TUDOR (Romania) Ph.D. Violeta PUŞCAŞU (Romania) Ph.D. Simona Petrina GAVRILĂ (Romania) Organizing Committee: Ph.D. Florin TUDOR (Romania) Ph.D. Violeta PUŞCAŞU (Romania) Ph.D. Simona Petrina GAVRILĂ (Romania) Ph.D. Răducan OPREA (Romania) Ph.D. Ioan APOSTU (Romania) Ph.D. Neculina CHEBAC (Romania) Ph.D. Cristian APETREI (Romania) Ph.D. Gheorghe IVAN (Romania) Ph.D. Ana ŞTEFĂNESCU (Romania) Copyright © 2009 Galati University Press Toate drepturile rezervate. 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Domnească nr. 47, 800008 – Galaţi, ROMÂNIA Tel: 00 40 336 13 01 39, Fax: 00 40 236 46 13 53 [email protected] ISSN 2066 - 7019 SUMMARY PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION & REGIONAL STUDIES SECTION Dana-Elena Boian (Roşca) - Principles of trade policy.............................9 Liviu Coman-Kund - La sélection des ressources humaines – aspects théoriques et pratiques .................................................................................17 Sergiu Cornea - The reinstatement of historical names of localities – the initial stage of reforming territorial – administrative delimitation of the Republic of Moldova ....................................................................................31 Valentina Cornea - Fonction publique en République de Moldova – évolution d'un statut ...................................................................................55 Ina Filipov - Social and economic aspects of the migrational processes in the Republic of Moldova...............................................................................71 Romeo Ionescu - The myth of accesion to the european union ................81 Mădălina - Elena Mihăilescu - A brief history of the contraventional proceeding ....................................................................................................95 Andreea Elena Mirică - Legal minimalism............................................107 Ştefania Cristina Mirică - Disciplinary responsibility of the european civil servants ..............................................................................................119 Camelia Mădălina Orac - Analysis of the regional disparities in Romania ....................................................................................................................131 Cristina Pătraşcu - Mass-media and the environment: Roşia Montanǎ in the press campaigns ...................................................................................143 Natalia Saitarli - The application of the principle of eligibility in the Republic of Moldova ..................................................................................165 Elisabeta Slabu - The right to a good administration in the light of EU charter of fundamental rights ....................................................................175 Ana Ştefănescu - Employment law versus private and public employment law..............................................................................................................189 Ana Ştefănescu - Some specifications and considerations related to child raising leaves which are granted to public servants in 2012.....................197 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION & REGIONAL STUDIES SECTION Conference Proceedings – Galaţi, 20th – 21st of April 2012 Year IV, No. 4, Vol. II - 2012 PRINCIPLES OF TRADE POLICY Dana-Elena BOIAN (ROŞCA) * Abstract The commercial principles resulted from the individual interests of states, regarding the development of a more favorable foreign trade, responsive to the aspirations of their internal development and promotion of advantageous international trade relations. This was accelerated by the financial crisis in the years 1929-1933 when the need for international arrangements appeared, to harmonize the regulations regarding the foreign trade policy in order to accelerate the liberalization of exports and imports between states. Besides the foreign trade policy principles agreed by the GATT and later by the WTO, principles to guide economic relations between states and their trade policies were also adopted. This concerns especially the problems of the developing countries, about 160 countries and territories, out of about 200 existing in the world today. Keywords: policy trade, principles, clause In the process of contemporary globalization and the processes of the states integration in regional groupings, and increasing the role of transnational corporations in international trade, the states trade policy must meet national and international realities that are always changing. The commercial principles resulting from the individual interests of states, regarding the development of a more favorable foreign trade, responsive to the aspirations of their internal development and the promotion of advantageous international trade relations. For a long time, the regulations, measures and actions on the line of carrying trade with other countries, either were taken * Ph.D Student Assistant, Faculty of Economics, Free International University of Moldova, Email: [email protected] 9 Conference Proceedings – Galaţi, 20th – 21st of April 2012 Year IV, No. 4, Vol. II - 2012 unilaterally or took into consideration the terms of the agreements or bilateral commercial conventions between these countries. The great financial crisis between the years 1929 and 1933 underlined more the need for international arrangements, to harmonize the regulations on foreign trade policy with the purpose of accelerating the liberalization of exports and imports between states. Over nearly 50 years of GATT (until 01.01.1995), the basic principles of trade between the Member States were: non-discrimination, use of customs duties to protect national economies and prohibit the use of quantitative restrictions, elimination or limitation of export subsidies, the use of consultation in resolving differences and in adopting decisions, usually by consensus. From the basic principles of foreign trade policy underlying trade between countries of the world, some exceptions were however agreed, exemptions, such as recognition of customs preferences, the approval to create free trade areas and customs unions under certain conditions, the permissions granted to developing countries to give preference to each other, to use temporary quantitative restrictions and export subsidies. On the occasion of creating the World Trade Organization in 1994, and starting its activity in 1995, which continues to develop the activities of GATT, there have been adopted the fundamental principles of the World Trade System. Besides the foreign trade policy principles agreed by GATT and later by WTO, at the sessions of the United Nations Conference for Trade and Development (UNCTAD), which started in 1964, principles meant to guide the economic relations between states and their commercial policies were also adopted. This concerns in particular, the problems of the developing countries, about 160 countries and territories, out of about 200 existing in the world today. 1. The principle of most favored nation clause. In its classical form, the most favored nation clause is presented as follows: "Any advantages, privileges and immunities 10 Conference Proceedings – Galaţi, 20th – 21st of April 2012 Year IV, No. 4, Vol. II - 2012 granted by a Contracting Party for a product originating from or destined for the territory of the other Contracting Parties shall be extended immediately and unconditionally to any similar product originating from / or destined for the territory of all other contracting parties. This provision concerns customs duties and charges of any kind levied on import or export, or on the occasion of import or export