DOCSLIB.ORG

<I>Strombus Pugilis</I>

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
<I>Strombus Pugilis</I> BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 64(2): 201–208, 1999 DEVELOPMENT, GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF LARVAE OF THE FIGHTING CONCH STROMBUS PUGILIS L. (MOLLUSCA, GASTROPODA) IN THE LABORATORY Nancy Brito Manzano, Dalila Aldana Aranda and Erick Baqueiro Cárdenas ABSTRACT The development, growth and survival of Strombus pugilis (Linné, 1758) larvae were studied over a period of 31 d in laboratory culture. Experiments were conducted at 29°± 1°C. Veligers were reared at 200 larvae L−1 in 4-L containers. Larvae were fed with the algae Tetraselmis suecica at 1000 cells L−1. S. pugilis larvae have 1.5 whorls at hatching, the veligers are competent for metamorphosis in 30 to 31 d. Nineteen development char- acteristics are described from hatching to settlement. Based on chronological appearance and dissapearance of the characteristics, seven development stages are proposed. Aver- age size at hatching was 212 ± 8.03 µm. Larval growth averaged 26.16 µm d−1. Mean shell length of 997 ± 18.12 µm and maximum shell length of 1022 µm were reached 31 d after hatching. Survival ranged from 20.50 to 22. 25% for three replicates. Results of this study are compared with descriptions of larvae from the literature of the four most abun- dant Strombus spp. Further studies are needed before the feasibility of S. pugilis larvae culture can be adequately ascertained. The fighting conch, Strombus pugilis (Linné, 1758), is one of six species of conchs distributed throughout the Caribbean inshore waters on sandy bottoms. (Berg, 1976; Brownell and Stevely, 1981; Berg, et al., 1983). Around the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, conchs are an important economic resource to the inhabitants of the region. Total conch production in 1983 reached a maximum of 1250 mt in the Yucatán, which a generated of direct income to fisherman of approximately US$200,000. However, overfishing and lack of regulations have wiped out some populations, in particular in the state of Yucatán where a permanent ban on conch harvesting was set since 1988 (Baqueiro, 1997). Figure 1 shows the decline of conch production for the state of Yucatán. Therefore, it is impor- tant to develop aquaculture techniques to enhance production through private and public mariculture. Even though all six species are exploited, research has only been done on queen conch, S. gigas and the milk conch, S. costatus. Papers on culture of fighting conch are limited and, according to our knowledge only two papers exist: Brownell (1977) and Bradshaw-Hawkins (1982). The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of rearing larval S. pugilis in the laboratory and to describe the development process to permit further studies on the aquaculture potential of the species. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three fertilized egg masses used for the larval culture experiment were collected in August at Seyba Playa, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico (20°45'N and 91°45'W), from a depth of about 3 m. The egg mass taken from under a conch female to ensure species identity and egg freshness was cleaned with filtered and UV sterilized seawater. The cleaned egg mass was placed over a 300 µm mesh and kept immersed in a 25-L aquarium with seawater filtered through 10 and 2 µm cotton filters and 201 202 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 64, NO. 2, 1999 Figure 1. Yearly conch production for the state of Yucatán, Mexico for the period 1980-1988, when a permanent ban on fishing was imposed. UV-sterilized. Egg mass and larvae were maintained at 29° ± 1°C and the water was changed every 24 h. EGG MASS AND LARVAL CULTURE.—The number of S. pugilis eggs per egg mass was estimated by separately hatching three egg masses in 25 L of seawater. Egg strand and capsule diameters were projected onto a TV monitor using a video camera attached to a dissecting microscope (5×), and were measured using a JV6000T video micrometer. The hatched veligers were stirred and three 10 ml aliquots were counted. Additional egg mass data were obtained from Robertson (1959), Randall, (1964), Bradshaw-Hawkins (1982) and Davis et al., (1993). Veliger larvae were reared according to the methods described by Davis and Hesse (1983) for S. gigas, since the culture conditions for S. pugilis are poorly known. Three experimental cultures were set up in 4-L containers with a density of 200 larvae L−1. Larvae were fed algae (Tetraselmis suecica) at a concentration of 1000 cells ml−1 d−1. This ration was determined according to García Santaella and Aldana Aranda (1994). Every 2 d, 30 larvae were collected at random from each replicate for the observation of growth and development. LARVAL DEVELOPMENT.— Larval development was observed by examination of velum: number of lobes and disappearance of velar lobes, number of shell whorls, presence of proboscis and radula, foot and mantle pigmentation, tentacles, larval heart, eyes stalks, adult operculum claw, swim crawl behavior and settlement. Developmental characteristics were numbered chronologically as they appeared and then calculating the incidence percentage in the developing larvae. Developmental stages are proposed using the moment of first appearance of one or several characteristics. LARVAL GROWTH AND SURVIVAL.—Growth was measured using a compound microscope with a calibrated ocular micrometer to the nearest 0.10 µm. Growth rates were calculated according to García Santaella and Aldana Aranda (1994) as the average growth rate in µm d−1 = (average shell length at the end of the experiment minus the average shell length at the beginning divided by total growth period in days. Survival rates were calculated using the number of living larvae at the beginning of the experi- ment and end of the experiment. RESULTS EGG MASS.—Egg strand diameter was 508 µm, the average number of eggs per mass was 220,000, the number of eggs per coil of the strand was three, and egg-capsule size BRITO MANZANO ET AL.: LARVAE OF THE FIGHTING CONCH STROMBUS PUGILIS 203 .tnemelttesotgnihctahmorfscitsiretcarahctnempolevedlavralfonoitpircseD.1elbaT scitsiretcarahC Ddscitsiretcarahctnempoleve Daysol rebmun 1sT1wolobesand1.5whorl 2sF5ourlobesand2.0whorl 3sF8ourlobesand2.5whorl 4sF1ourlobesand3.0whorl1 5sA1dultheartappear 1 6mT1entaclesstalksbegintofor1 7sF5ourlobesand3.5whorl1 8sS5ixlobesand3.5whorl1 9sM5igrationofeyesupthetentaclesstalksbegin1 1e0P5igmentationofthemantl1 1t1P7igmentationofthefoo1 1s2S8ixlobesand4.0whorl1 1s3P0roboscisappear 2 1s4R0adulaappear 2 1s5S3ixlobesand4.5whorl2 1s6F3unctionofproboscisingrazingofalgaebegin2 1e7T3heoperculumadultclawvisibl2 1s8F7unctionoffootonthesubstratebegin2 1d9Settlement(dissapearanceofvelarlobes,outwar27 migrationofeyesandswim-crawlbehavior) was 190 µm. The eggs hatched 98 h after spawning at 29 ± 1°C. Average size shell length at hatching was 212 ± 8.03 µm. DEVELOPMENT.—Newly hatched larvae have a velum with two lobes and a shell with one and a half whorls. These characteristics presented at hatching and larvae evolution are shown in Table 1, in which 19 characteristics are described for the full larval develop- ment. After 31 d the larvae are competent for metamorphosis having velum with six lobes, shell with 4 or 4.5 whorls, fully developed adult heart, eyes on top of stalks, a foot with a dark green pigmentation, and the proboscis and radula are fully developed. Table 2 shows the incidence percentages of the 19 characteristics recorded during de- velopment of the larvae from hatching to settlement. Of these characteristics two sets were identified: larval maturation and metamorphic processes. Larval maturation set con- sists of characteristics 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 12 and 15, which relate to the evolution of velum and shell. These characteristics are replaced one by another during development; while the rest of the characters (5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18 and 19) are additive characters, making up the metamorphic process that starts the development of adult organs. These 19 characteristics are used to identify seven development stages from hatching to settlement. A stage was defined on first appearance of one or several development characteristics. Stage I, development characteristic 1; stage II, development characteris- tic 2; stage III, development characteristic 3; stage IV, development characteristics 4, 5 and 6; stage V, development characteristics 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11; stage VI, development characteristics 5, 6 and 9 to 17; stage VII, development characteristics 5, 6, and 9 to 19. GROWTH AND SURVIVAL.—Table 3, shows growth rate, survival and linear regression equations for the three replicates. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out on 204 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 64, NO. 2, 1999 13 1001 056608 020479 1001001 2957979 0526070808 0325664708 0 0709090900 772 30586478708 1001001001001001 1001001001001001 613939871433 .syad13ot1morfscitsiretcarahctnempolevedneeteninehtgnitneserpeavralfoegatnecreP.2elbaT 1437335666809001 l o s y a 142442697687809001 2654768094900 20545 70503 D 0 30406376900 50657484900 0 1315171911232527292 1001 0 1 0 1001 0 135791 0 1001 c i t s i r 71 81 91 41 61 31 1 0 93 60 21 51 87 20 30 40 73 e t 13 12 c a r ssecorpcihpromate a h Cd noitarutamlavra ste M5 L1 Ss BRITO MANZANO ET AL.: LARVAE OF THE FIGHTING CONCH STROMBUS PUGILIS 205 .3elbaT siligupsubmortS htiwdef,snoitauqenoissergerraenildnalavivrus,setarhtworgeavral aciceussimlesarteT lmsllec000,1fonoitartnecnocata −1 d−1 °92taderaerdna ± .C°1 Rdsetacilpe Growthrateµm−1Ssurvival%Linearregressionequation a0227.2Y2.=228.07±25.72x;r2=0.994 b3255.2Y0.=203.27±33.45x;r2=0.990 c2266.2Y0.=210.42±27.93x;r2=0.994 the slopes obtained for growth rate for three replicates, this showed no significant differ- ence (P < 0.05). A linear fit gave the highest correlation coefficient. Growth rates ranged from 25.3–27.0 µm d−1 and the larvae reached a mean shell length of 997 ± 18.12 µm after 31 d. Survival rate 31 d after hatching was 20.5–22.2% for the three replicates with average of 21.1%. DISCUSSION Table 4 shows literature data for comparison of egg mass characteristics in different Strombus species. S. pugilis larvae have 1.5 whorls at hatching which is the same as S. gigas and S. costatus (Davis et al., 1993).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Size at Maturation, Spawning Variability and Fecundity in the Queen Conch, Aliger Gigas
    Gulf and Caribbean Research Volume 31 Issue 1 2020 Size at Maturation, Spawning Variability and Fecundity in the Queen Conch, Aliger gigas Richard S. Appeldoorn GCFIMembers, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Population Biology Commons To access the supplemental data associated with this article, CLICK HERE. Recommended Citation Appeldoorn, R. S. 2020. Size at Maturation, Spawning Variability and Fecundity in the Queen Conch, Aliger gigas. Gulf and Caribbean Research 31 (1): GCFI 10-GCFI 19. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol31/iss1/11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18785/gcr.3101.11 This Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute Partnership is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf and Caribbean Research by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VOLUME 25 VOLUME GULF AND CARIBBEAN Volume 25 RESEARCH March 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS GULF AND CARIBBEAN SAND BOTTOM MICROALGAL PRODUCTION AND BENTHIC NUTRIENT FLUXES ON THE NORTHEASTERN GULF OF MEXICO NEARSHORE SHELF RESEARCH Jeffrey G. Allison, M. E. Wagner, M. McAllister, A. K. J. Ren, and R. A. Snyder....................................................................................1—8 WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT SPECIES RICHNESS AND DISTRIBUTION ON THE OUTER—SHELF SOUTH TEXAS BANKS? Harriet L. Nash, Sharon J. Furiness, and John W. Tunnell, Jr. ......................................................................................................... 9—18 Volume 31 ASSESSMENT OF SEAGRASS FLORAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE FROM TWO CARIBBEAN MARINE PROTECTED 2020 AREAS ISSN: 2572-1410 Paul A.
    [Show full text]
  • ICES Marine Science Symposia
    ICES mar. Sei. Symp., 199: 13-18. 1995 Potential depensatory mechanisms operating on reproductive output in gonochoristic molluscs, with particular reference to strombid gastropods Richard S. Appeldoorn Appeldoom, R. S. 1995. Potential depensatory mechanisms operating on repro­ ductive output in gonochoristic molluscs, with particular reference to strombid gastro­ pods. - ICES mar. Sei. Symp., 199: 13-18. Molluscs are typically sessile or slow moving, yet successful reproduction requires close proximity to potential mates. Three mechanisms are identified whereby repro­ ductive potential of a population can be limited under conditions of low density. The first is the reduction in numbers of spawners as abundance decreases. The second reflects the difficulty in finding mates, and takes the form of either (1) search time for slow but motile species, or (2) wasted spawning (or non-spawning) for sessile species, where gametes are not fertilized. The third mechanism is a breakdown of a positive feedback loop between contact with males (either direct or through chemical cues) and rate of gametogenesis and spawning in females, i.e., sexual facilitation. The second and third mechanisms are functions of local density, rather than overall abundance. Literature review and present studies on strombid gastropods indicate the potential for these mechanisms to occur. Many species are characterized by behaviours, such as aggregative settlement, that serve to overcome this problem. Intensive fishing prac­ tices may invoke these depensatory mechanisms as local density and abundance are reduced, thereby increasing the chance of recruitment failure. Richard S. Appeldoom: Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagiiez, Puerto Rico 00681-5000 [tel: (+809) 899 2048, fax: (+809) 899 5500], Introduction dation, cannibalism, competition, and starvation) occurring during early life stages.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Pinnotheres Strombi</I> (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 50(1): 229-230. 1992 PINNOTHERES STROMBI (BRACHYURA: PINNOTHERIDAE) INFECTION IN A POPULATION OF STROMBUS PUGILIS (MESOGASTROPODA: STROMBIDAE) Shawna E. Reed The crab, Pinnotheres strombi. was first described from a single female specimen taken from the mantle cavity of a living West Indian fighting conch, Strombus pugilis. and reported to be commensal (Rathbun, 1905). The Pinnotheridae live as commensals or parasites in the mantle cavities of various bivalve mollusks, ascidians, echinoids, and in worm tubes (Williams, 1984). Generally, females remain in their respective hosts while the males are usually free-living. For ex- ample, p, ostreum females have soft exoskeletons as they remain for their entire lives in their host oyster whereas the males have normal chitinization (Barnes, 1980). During May 1990, nine female P. strombi were collected from the mantle cavities of living S. pugilis. These conch were collected from a colony located around a freshwater pipeline running from Isla Magueyes to Mata La Gata reef, off the coast of La Parguera, Puerto Rico, at a depth of9 m. A total of 125 conch were examined (incidence of crab infection: 7.2%); only female crabs were found, one per conch. There appeared to be no preference for sex of the conch. The crabs were found on the upper portion of the gill of the conch. This area of the gill appeared necrotic under light microscopic study; however, infected conchs be- haved normally and appeared to be otherwise unaffected. Two other populations of fighting conch that have also been heavily sampled have not yielded any crabs.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction Laevistrombus Canarium (Linnaeus 1758)
    Journal of Sustainability Science and Management e-ISSN: 2672-7226 Volume 14 Number 1, February 2019 : 1-10 © Penerbit UMT EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON FOOD CONSUMPTION OF JUVENILES DOG CONCH, Laevistrombus canarium (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN LABORATORY CONDITION WAN NURUL HUSNA WAN HASSAN1*, NURUL AMIN SM2, MAZLAN ABD GHAFFAR1,3,4 AND ZAIDI CHE COB1,3 1School of Environmental and Natural Resources Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. 2Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 3Marine Ecosystem Research Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. 4Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: The dog conch, Laevistrombus canarium (Linnaeus, 1758) is one of the economically important marine molluscs that have high market value, particularly in the Southeast Asian region. This study investigates food consumption and assimilation by the juvenile conch at different temperature regimes (22, 26, 30 and 34°C). Live samples of the juvenile conch were collected on several occasions between December 2013 to May 2105 at Merambong shoal, Johor Straits, Malaysia. They were acclimatized for one week in stocking aquaria with well-aerated seawater at 30 PSU, 26°C and fed with commercial marine sinking pellets. Prior to experimentation, the gastric emptying levels of the samples were standardized by allowing them to feed until satiation, followed by 24 hrs starvation. All treatments were carried out in ten replicates of similar sized aquarium (20 x 15 x 15 cm) containing 4L of aerated seawater. The conch food consumption rate was significantly different (p<0.05) between different temperature regimes.
    [Show full text]
  • Formulated Feed for Strombus Pugilis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) Allowed Effective Gonad Maturity
    e Rese tur arc ul h c & a u D q e A v Sánchez et al., J Aquac Res Development 2016, 7:10 e f l o o l p Journal of Aquaculture a m DOI: 10.4172/2155-9546.1000453 n r e u n o t J Research & Development ISSN: 2155-9546 Research Article Article Open Access Formulated Feed for Strombus pugilis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) Allowed Effective Gonad Maturity Fabiola Chong Sánchez, Martha Enríquez Díaz, Imelda Martínez Morales and Dalila Aldana Aranda* Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados - Unidad Mérida, Laboratorio de Biología y Cultivo de Moluscos, Antigua Carretera a Progreso Km. 6, 97310 Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico Abstract Fighting conch Strombus pugilis is one of six Strombidae species distributed throughout the Caribbean. It is used as food, as an aquarium organism and its shell are popular in jewelry production. Conch aquaculture has been done traditionally by extracting egg masses from wild adults. This is an issue for several conch species protected by CITES. Intensive conch culture requires good growth rates and gonad maturity under laboratory conditions using formulated feed. An evaluation was done of the effect of inclusion of the red algae Halymenia and Spirulina on gonad maturity in S. pugilis using two experimental diets containing low and high concentrations of these algae (2% and 8% of each). Each diet was fed to six groups of conch kept in 20 L aquaria at 27.5°C. They were fed twice daily at 0.1 g feed/conch for 105 days. Gonad development and digestive gland structure were analyzed with histological techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • Hermit Crab Fauna from the Infralittoral Zone of Anchieta Island (Ubatuba, Brazil)
    Hermit crabs from Anchieta Island, Brazil HERMIT CRAB FAUNA FROM THE INFRALITTORAL ZONE OF ANCHIETA ISLAND (UBATUBA, BRAZIL) Fernando L. M. Mantelatto and Renata B. Garcia Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofta. Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto (FFCLRP), Vniversidade de Sao Paulo (USP). Av. Bandeirames 5900. Ribeirao Preto (SP), BrasiL CEP. 14040-901 [email protected] ABSTRACT stricted areas, which are important to understand the ecology of the benthic community. Among them, dur­ The checklist and biological aspects of hermit ing the last 12 years a long-term effort has been made crab communities living on the infralittoral rocky bot­ to identify and characterize the biology (i.e., larval tom (Anchieta Island. Ubatuba) were studied through phases, growth, reproduction, population dynamics, monthly samplings from January to December 1998. relationships with abiotic factors) of decapod crusta­ The specimens were captured by three persons using ceans commonly and uncommonly occurring in the scuba diving methods. Data on seasonal distribution Ubatuba region, from the intertidal zone to 20 m of and abundance of each species are presented. Nine depth. This region is located along the northern coast specks were recorded: Calcinus tibicen. Dardanus of the State of Sao Paulo, and is considered an impor­ insignis, D. venosus. Paguristes calliopsis. P. erythrops, tant area for crustacean investigations because it com­ P. tortugae, Petrochirus diogenes. Pagurus brevidaayius, prises a zone of fauna] transition and presents a mixture and P. criniticomis. The species recorded on Anchieta of faunas of both tropical and Patagonian origins Island correspond to 42.9% of the total hermit crab (Sumida and Pires-Vanin 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Shell's Field Guide C.20.1 150 FB.Pdf
    1 C.20.1 Human beings have an innate connection and fascination with the ocean & wildlife, but still we know more about the moon than our Oceans. so it’s a our effort to introduce a small part of second largest phylum “Mollusca”, with illustration of about 600 species / verities Which will quit useful for those, who are passionate and involved with exploring shells. This database made from our personal collection made by us in last 15 years. Also we have introduce website “www.conchology.co.in” where one can find more introduction related to our col- lection, general knowledge of sea life & phylum “Mollusca”. Mehul D. Patel & Hiral M. Patel At.Talodh, Near Water Tank Po.Bilimora - 396321 Dist - Navsari, Gujarat, India [email protected] www.conchology.co.in 2 Table of Contents Hints to Understand illustration 4 Reference Books 5 Mollusca Classification Details 6 Hypothetical view of Gastropoda & Bivalvia 7 Habitat 8 Shell collecting tips 9 Shell Identification Plates 12 Habitat : Sea Class : Bivalvia 12 Class : Cephalopoda 30 Class : Gastropoda 31 Class : Polyplacophora 147 Class : Scaphopoda 147 Habitat : Land Class : Gastropoda 148 Habitat :Freshwater Class : Bivalvia 157 Class : Gastropoda 158 3 Hints to Understand illustration Scientific Name Author Common Name Reference Book Page Serial No. No. 5 as Details shown Average Size Species No. For Internal Ref. Habitat : Sea Image of species From personal Land collection (Not in Scale) Freshwater Page No.8 4 Reference Books Book Name Short Format Used Example Book Front Look p-Plate No.-Species Indian Seashells, by Dr.Apte p-29-16 No.
    [Show full text]
  • With Some Notes on Strombus Succinctus L in Na Eu S, 1767
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Jahr/Year: 2007 Band/Volume: 109B Autor(en)/Author(s): Kronenberg Gijs C. Artikel/Article: Born's strombs (Mollusca: Gastropoda), with some notes on Strombus succinctus Linnaeus, 1767. 51-66 ©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 109 B 51 - 66 Wien, März 2008 Born’s strombs (Mollusca: Gastropoda), with some notes on Strombus succinctus L in n a e u s , 1767 G.C. Kronenberg* Zusammenfassung Neun von Born untersuchte Exemplare der Gattung Strombits sensu L in n a e u s konnten in der Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien wiedergefunden werden. Darunter befinden sich der Lectotypus von Strombus fasciatus B o r n , 1778. In dieser Arbeit wird die Identität der Syntypen von Strombus suc- cinctus L in n a e u s , 1767 diskutiert. Weiters werden der Status und die Identität von S. accinctus erörtert. Abstract Nine specimens of Strombus sensu L in n a e u s examined by Born have been rediscovered in the Natural History Museum in Vienna. Among these is the lectotype (designated herein) for Strombus fasciatus B o r n , 1778. The identity of the syntypes of Strombus succinctus L in n a e u s , 1767 and the status and identity of S. accinctus are discussed. Key words: Strombus, Born, lectotype, succinctus, Linnaeus. Introduction During a visit to the Natural History Museum in Vienna (NHMW) in November 2006 there was an opportunity briefly to check some of the species allocated to Strombus sensu L in n a e u s that were described in B o r n (1778) and again (and partly illustrated) in B orn (1780).
    [Show full text]
  • First Report on the Diversity of Epizoic Algae in Larval of Shellfish
    Chapter First Report on the Diversity of Epizoic Algae in Larval of Shellfish Gastropod Aliger gigas Rocío Elizabeth Muciño-Márquez, Dalila Aldana-Aranda, María Guadalupe Figueroa-Torres and Oscar Hernández-Almeida Abstract Epibiosis occur frequently on the shells of some marine crustaceans, which often serve as substrate for various species of algae, there is few information on the associations between these. The objective of this study was to determine if the gastropod mollusk Aliger gigas (formerly Lobatus gigas) in larval had some sort of the association with algal. To the above was carried out collecting egg masses in the environment, the larvae were cultivated in seawater filtered 5 μm. The algal material found was observed in electron microscopy, for its identifica- tion and quantification. We analyzed 60 larvae aged 2–44 days for analyzing the structure of the shell and its epibionts. Of the larvae analyzed, 50 larvae presented epizoic. The algae community consisted of 28 taxa, and composed of 25 diatoms (Bacillariophyta) and three cyanophytes (Cyanobacteria). The H´ diversity values fluctuated between 0.2 a 1.2. The dominant and frequent species were formed by diatoms: Nitzschia panduriformis var. minor, Halamphora sp. and Cyclophora sp. Keywords: cyanophyte, diatom, epibiont, Aliger gigas 1. Introduction Epibiotic is a type of association in which an organism lives on the surface layer of another organism called basibiont, these nonparasitic organisms are known as epibionts [1, 2]. The shells of gastropod and bivalve mollusks represent a suit- able habitat for the settlement of various species of algae, viruses or fungi [3–6]. Different studies have focused on epiphytic diatoms of grasses and marine mac- roalgae [7–9]; in copepods of the species Farranula gibbula, the epibiotic diatom Pseudohimantidium pacificum has been observed [10].
    [Show full text]
  • Noaa Technical Report Nmfs Ssrf—748
    748 NOAA TECHNICAL REPORT NMFS SSRF—748 ,<^^f^%^ Annotated Bibliography of ^ v^^ ^^ the Conch Genus Strombus c (Gastropoda, Stronnbidae) in .^^ '^''^^^T.so^'^'^ the Western Atlantic Ocean George H. Darcy September 1981 {•——— ^ Marine Biological LaDoratory LIBRARY I 14 1992 OCT I Woods Hole, Mass J U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA TECHNICAL REPORTS National Marine Fisheries Service, Special Scientific Report—Fisheries The major responsibilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are to monitor and assess the abundance and geographic distribution of fishery resources, to understand and predict fluctuations in the quantity and distribution of these resources, and to estabUsh levels for optimum use of the for managing national fishing grounds, development and enforce- resources. NMFS is also charged with the development and implementation of policies ment of domestic fisheries regulations, surveillance of foreign fishing off United States coastal waters, and the development and enforcement of interna- tional fishery agreements and policies. NMFS also assists the fishing industry through marketing service and economic analysis programs, and mortgage various the industry. in.surance and vessel construction subsidies. It collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics on phases of The Special Scientific Report— Fisheries series was established in 1949. The series carries reports on scientific investigations that document long-term continuing programs of NMFS. or intensive scientific reports on studies of restricted scope. The reports may deal with applied fishery problems. The scientific nature. series is also used as a medium for the publication of bibliographies of a specialized NOAA Technical Reports NMFS SSRF are available free in limited numbers to governmental agencies, both Federal and State.
    [Show full text]
  • Strombus Pugilis) in Relation to the Nutrition
    MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE 00:000–000 (2012) Cytochemical Investigation of the Digestive Gland of Two Strombidae Species (Strombus gigas and Strombus pugilis) in Relation to the Nutrition JEAN-MARIE VOLLAND* AND OLIVIER GROS De´partement de Biologie, UMR 7138 SAE, Equipe Biologie de la mangrove, Universite´ des Antilles et de la Guyane, U.F.R des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, B.P. 592. 97159 Pointe-a`-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France KEY WORDS molluscs; cytochemistry; physiology; lysosomal digestion; EFTEM ABSTRACT Strombus gigas and Strombus pugilis are threatened species and aquaculture rep- resents a good alternative solution to the fishing. In this study, we highlighted the intracellular digestion process in the digestive gland of two Strombidae species, S. gigas and Strombus pugilis, by the cytochemical characterization of two lysosomal enzymes: acid phosphatase and arylsulfa- tase. In order to check the efficiency of artificial food digestion, we conducted the characterization on freshly collected, starved and artificially fed individuals of S. pugilis. TEM observations of di- gestive gland sections from freshly collected individuals of both species revealed the presence of acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase activity mostly located in the apical third of digestive cells. Both enzymes were also detected in artificially fed individuals. In response to the starvation, acid phosphatase is not produced anymore by digestive cells, while arylsulfatase is still present. To our knowledge, this is the first cytochemical validation of intracellular digestion of artificial food in Strombidae. This study highlights the intracellular digestion of artificial food developed for Strom- bidae aquaculture. Moreover, we have shown that the lysosomal activity could be used as a feed index.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Timea Parasiticus</I> (Hadromerida: Spirastrellidae
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. 50(1): 228. 1992 TIMEA PARASITICUS (HADROMERIDA: SPIRASTRELLIDAE) GROWTH ON SHELLS OF LIVING STROMBUS PUGILIS (MESO GASTROPODA: STROMBIDAE) Shawna E. Reed The sponge, Timea parasiticus, was first described from a small fragment found on a crab claw (Carter, 1870), and then from a smalliaminiform sponge encoun- tered growing on another species of sponge (Higgin, 1877). A lack of further information seems to indicate its rarity. However, large specimens ofthis species, corresponding in growth form to the genus as constituted by Gray (1867; cited by Higgin, 1877) and in spicules to those described and illustrated for this species by Higgin (1877), were found growing on the shells ofliving West Indian fighting conch, Strombus pugilis. Timea parasiticus was found growing on the shells of living S. pugilis, in one specific colony located close to Corona de Piedra reef, off of La Parguera, southwest coast of Puerto Rico, at a depth of9 m. Twelve conch with sponge, ranging from a thin coating to a mound of 20 cm in diameter and 15 cm in height, were encountered in the population of approximately 1,800 individuals. Sponges were not uniform but rather lumpy with various sized protuberances, and were orange in color. The sponge adhered to the periostracum of the shell, and there was no evidence of penetration of the shell itself. The conch appeared to be totally unaffected by sponge growth and may even benefit from the camouflaging. All sponges found on living conch were healthy. However, six sponge specimens that were found on empty conch shells or shells inhabited by hermit crabs (Dardanus spp.) were deteriorating and showed no evidence of recent growth.
    [Show full text]