Wear a Face Mask
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Dilmun Bioarchaeology Project: a First Look at the Peter B. Cornwall Collection at the Phoebe A
UC Berkeley Postprints Title The Dilmun Bioarchaeology Project: A First Look at the Peter B. Cornwall Collection at the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2z06r9bj Journal Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 23(1) ISSN 09057196 Authors Porter, Benjamin W Boutin, Alexis T Publication Date 2012 DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0471.2011.00347.x Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Arab. arch. epig. 2012: 23: 35–49 (2012) Printed in Singapore. All rights reserved The Dilmun Bioarchaeology Project: a first look at the Peter B. Cornwall Collection at the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology This article presents an overview of the Peter B. Cornwall collection in the Phoebe A. Arabia Hearst Museum of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. Cornwall Benjamin W. Porter conducted an archaeological survey and excavation project in eastern Saudi Arabia 240 Barrows Hall, #1940, and Bahrain in 1940 and 1941. At least twenty-four burial features were excavated in Department of Near Eastern Bahrain from five different tumuli fields, and surface survey and artefact collection Studies, University of California, took place on at least sixteen sites in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. The skeletal evidence, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA objects and faunal remains were subsequently accessioned by the Hearst Museum. e-mail: [email protected] The authors recently formed the Dilmun Bioarchaeology Project to investigate this collection. This article provides background information on Cornwall?s expedition Alexis T. Boutin and an overview of the collection. Additionally, skeletal evidence and associated Stevenson Hall 2054A, Depart- objects from two tumuli in Bahrain, D1 and G20, are presented to illustrate the ment of Anthropology, Sonoma collection?s potential contribution. -
Economic Development Prospects for the Eastern Province
Economic Development Prospects for the Eastern Province Economic Development Prospects for the Eastern Province www.chamber.org.sa Eastern Province in Brief 02 Section One: 04 Eastern Province’s Key Economic Development Section Two: 06 Industrial Activity in Eastern Province Contents Section Three: 15 Infrastructure Development in Eastern Province Section Four: 18 Tourism Activity in Eastern Province Section Five: 22 Population in Eastern Province Section Six: 24 Work Force in Eastern Province Section Seven: 26 Housing Units in Eastern Province Section Eight: 28 Hospital & Beds in Eastern Province Section Nine: 32 Agriculture & Livestock Resources in Eastern Province Section Ten: 38 Water Production in Eastern Province Conclusion and References 42-45 Eastern Province in Brief ASH SHARQIYAH Eastern Province The Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia is the place where Kingdom’s first oil was extracted in 1938 and subsequently this region has become the center of world-class oil, gas and petrochemical industries with the presence of global giants in these sectors. Today, the Eastern Province is dubbed “The Industrial Capital of the Entire Gulf” for its enormous industrial activities. And it is evident when this region has become the biggest recipient of industrial capital investments of the Kingdom. 22 Economic Development Prospects for the Eastern Province With the support from the recently launched “Saudi Vision 2030”, the Eastern Province has taken a key role in the Kingdom’s drive to diversify its income away from oil. Most of the manufacturing industries such as petrochemicals, chemicals, steel, cement, aluminum and plastics are located in the region. These industries are mainly based in the Dammam-I, II and III industrial estates, Al Ahsa-I and II industrial estates, Hafr Al-Batin industrial estate and Jubail-I and II industrial cities. -
The Boundary Dispute Between Kuwait and Iraq Has It Subsided?
LEBANESE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY THE BOUNDARY DISPUTE BETWEEN KUWAIT AND IRAQ HAS IT SUBSIDED? By MAHA ALKENAEE A thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in International Affairs School of Arts and Sciences August 2011 L E B A N E S E A M E R I C A N U NIVERSITY School of Arts and Sciences - Beirut Campus Thesis Approval Form Student Name: Maha Alkenaee I.D. #: 200400150 Thesis Title The Boundary Dispute Between Kuwait and Iraq Has it Subsided? Program : Master of Arts in International Affairs Department : Social Sciences School : School of Arts and Sciences ii iii iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research would not have been possible without the help and assistance of many persons. I would like to express my gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Sami Baroudi who has been a great support throughout all stages of my postgraduate studies. I am also deeply grateful to all of my professors in the Lebanese American University from whom I have learned an abundant amount of knowledge. v To my loving family vi THE BOUNDARY DISPUTE BETWEEN KUWAIT AND IRAQ HAS IT SUBSIDED? Maha Kenaee Abstract This thesis attempts three related tasks. First, it surveys the historic record which provides uncontestable evidence that Kuwait was never part of the Ottoman Empire and thus never formed a single administrative or political unit with Iraq or part of it. Second, it traces the turbulent history of Kuwait‟s relationship with Iraq ever since the latter achieved independence in 1932; arguing that this turbulent relationship invited the intervention of regional and international players due to the strategic importance of Kuwait, especially since the discovery of oil. -
The Saudi Economy in 2019
The Saudi Economy in 2019 The year ahead will be marked by a continued improvement in the health and direction of the Saudi economy. During 2019, we expect to see a consolidation of efforts in striving towards the goals of the Vision 2030 (Vision), as well as the targets set under the National Transformation Program (NTP). This effort will be aided by the largest ever budgeted expenditure, for the second successive year, of SR1.1 trillion, which not only includes a 20 percent yearly rise in capital expenditure, but also a number of targeted support measures. Whilst economic reform is still currently under way, latest full year GDP data for 2018 shows that the economy was able to absorb most of the disruptive effects of necessary economic reform enacted last year. Looking ahead, as comparably limited major reform is scheduled to take place during 2019, this should clear the way for a pick up in momentum for the Saudi economy. Overall, whilst the oil sector‟s output will be partially trimmed by Saudi Arabia‟s commitment to the OPEC and partners (OPEC+) agreement, we do see the non-oil sector exhibiting marginally higher year-on-year growth. According to our forecasts, Saudi Arabia‟s economy will grow by 2 percent in 2019, compared to 2.2 percent in 2018. The mild decline in yearly growth is entirely due to lower oil sector GDP as the Kingdom complies with the OPEC+ production agreement. That said, we still see oil sector growth being helped along by a rise in gas output and the opening of the Jazan refinery. -
Saudi Arabia and the Law of the Sea
633 SAUDI ARABIA AND THE LAW OF THE SEA James P. Piscatori* The Middle East, broadly defined, is Red Sea is important as the gateway to penetrated by five bodies of water, the the Suez Canal, which itself was eco five "fingers" of the Mediterranean, nomically and strategically significant Black, Caspian, and Red Seas, and the prior to 1967, because it reduces by Persian Gulf. The Red Sea and Gulf one-half the Gulf to London journey. have received particular attention in The recently reopened canal probably recent history. The significance of the will be highly significant again as it is Red Sea stems, first of all, \ from its widened and deepened to accommodate connection to the Arab-Israeli conflict. ships of the 150,OOO-ton range and Israel has one non-Mediterranean port, eventually of the 270,OOO-ton range? Eilat, which can only be reached Finally, the Soviet base at Berbera in through the Red Sea and then through Somalia highlights the vulnerability of the Gulf of 'Aqaba. Denial of entry to access to the sea itself. Israel through closure of the Straits of Of far greater importance is the Tiran was considered a casus belli in Persian Gulf. Indeed, the growing indus 1967, and in 1973 a blockade of the trial dependence on oil, even more than entire sea was carried out at the Bab the discovery and exploitation of the al-Mandab Strait to support the war aims of the Arab front. Some strategists *1 wish to acknowledge with gratitude the believe that in a long war similar action assistance of Professors K. -
Saudi Arabia. REPORT NO ISBN-0-93366-90-4 PUB DATE 90 NOTE 177P
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 336 289 SO 021 184 AUTHOR McGregor, Joy; Nydell, Margaret TITLE Update: Saudi Arabia. REPORT NO ISBN-0-93366-90-4 PUB DATE 90 NOTE 177p. AVAILABLE FROM Intercultural Press, Inc., P.O. Box 700, Yarmouth, ME 04096 ($19.95, plus $2.00). PUB TYPE Reports - Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Cultural Differences; Cultural Opportunities; *Foreign Countries; *Foreign Culture; Intercultural Communication; International Relations; Overseas Employment; Tourism; Travel IDENTIFIERS *Saudi Arabia ABSTRACT A guide for persons planning on living in or relocating to Saudi Arabia for extended periods of time, this book features information on such topics as entry requirements, transportation, money matters, housing, schools, and insurance. The guide's contents include the following sections: (1) an overview; (2) before leaving; (3) on arrival; (4) doing business; (5) customs and courtesies; (6) household pointers; (7) schools; (6) health and medical care; (9) leisure; (10) cities in profile; (11) sources of information; and (12) recommended readings. Three appendices are also included: (1) chambers of commerce and industry in Saudi Arabia; (2) average celsius temperatures of selected near eastern cities; and (3) prior to departure: recommended supplies. (DB) ***********************************************1!*********************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OP EDUCATION Office of Educitional Research Ind Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ty,thls document has been reproduced Se Keived from the person or worn/aeon I (Quieting it O Minor changes Aare been made to improve reproduction Quality Points of view or opinions stated in this docu . -
Uti Possidetis Juris, and the Borders of Israel
PALESTINE, UTI POSSIDETIS JURIS, AND THE BORDERS OF ISRAEL Abraham Bell* & Eugene Kontorovich** Israel’s borders and territorial scope are a source of seemingly endless debate. Remarkably, despite the intensity of the debates, little attention has been paid to the relevance of the doctrine of uti possidetis juris to resolving legal aspects of the border dispute. Uti possidetis juris is widely acknowledged as the doctrine of customary international law that is central to determining territorial sovereignty in the era of decolonization. The doctrine provides that emerging states presumptively inherit their pre-independence administrative boundaries. Applied to the case of Israel, uti possidetis juris would dictate that Israel inherit the boundaries of the Mandate of Palestine as they existed in May, 1948. The doctrine would thus support Israeli claims to any or all of the currently hotly disputed areas of Jerusalem (including East Jerusalem), the West Bank, and even potentially the Gaza Strip (though not the Golan Heights). TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 634 I. THE DOCTRINE OF UTI POSSIDETIS JURIS ........................................................... 640 A. Development of the Doctrine ..................................................................... 640 B. Applying the Doctrine ................................................................................ 644 II. UTI POSSIDETIS JURIS AND MANDATORY BORDERS ........................................ -
A Comparison of the Polychrome Geometric Patterns Painted on Egyptian “Palace Façades” / False Doors with Potential Counterparts in Mesopotamia
A comparison of the polychrome geometric patterns painted on Egyptian “palace façades” / false doors with potential counterparts in Mesopotamia Lloyd D. Graham Abstract: In 1st Dynasty Egypt (ca. 3000 BCE), mudbrick architecture may have been influenced by existing Mesopotamian practices such as the complex niching of monumental façades. From the 1st to 3rd Dynasties, the niches of some mudbrick mastabas at Saqqara were painted with brightly-coloured geometric designs in a clear imitation of woven reed matting. The possibility that this too might have drawn inspiration from Mesopotamian precedents is raised by the observation of similar geometric frescoes at the Painted Temple in Tell Uqair near Baghdad, a Late Uruk structure (ca. 3400-3100 BCE) that predates the proposed timing of Mesopotamian influence on Egyptian architecture (Jemdet Nasr, ca. 3100-2900 BCE). However, detailed scrutiny favours the idea that the Egyptian polychrome panels were an indigenous development. Panels mimicking reed mats, animal skins and wooden lattices probably proved popular on royal and religious mudbrick façades in Early Dynastic Egypt because they emulated archaic indigenous “woven” shelters such as the per-nu and per-wer shrines. As with Mesopotamian cone mosaics – another labour-intensive technique that seems to have mimicked textile patterns – the scope of such panels became limited over time to focal points in the architecture. In Egyptian tombs, the adornment of key walls and funerary equipment with colourful and complex geometric false door / palace façade composites (Prunkscheintüren) continued at least into the Middle Kingdom, and the template persisted in memorial temple decoration until at least the late New Kingdom. -
The Archaeology of Kuwait
School of History and Archaeology The Archaeology of Kuwait By Majed Almutairi A thesis submitted in fulfilment of requirements for a Ph.D. in Archaeology Supervisor: Professor Denys Pringle i Summary This thesis addresses the archaeology of Kuwait from 13000BC to the 18th century AD, to further understand its significances within the Arabian Gulf and wider world. Kuwait has witness many diverse cultures By comparing for the first time the archaeology, geography, and historical sources, I illustrate that this region has been continual inhabited and used as an important hub of social networks since its beginnings. By introducing the Ubaid civilization and their relations with other regions, we witness the first exchange and trade strategies in Kuwait. By looking at the burial mound phenomenon in Kuwait we witness a hiatus of permanent settlements and a time when people were more nomadic. The impact of these mounds resonated into later periods. Petroleum based substances play a key role in modern Kuwait; the Ubaid and the Dilmun first developed the usage of bitumen, and here we see how that created links with others in the world. Ideas move as well as people, and I demonstrate the proto-Hellenistic and Hellenistic periods in Kuwait to illustrate influences from the Mediterranean. Modern Kuwait is Islamic, and here we will investigate how and why and the speeds at which Christianity gave way to Islam, and the impacts of a different religion on the region. In highlighting Kuwait’s past, I show how the state became one of the most democratic and diverse places in the Arabian Gulf. -
1 Overview of Saudi–Iranian Relations 1
Notes 1 Overview of Saudi–Iranian Relations 1. Saudi Arabia and Iran share at least three joint oilfields, each known by its Persian or Arabic name, respectively: Esfandiar/Al Louloua, Foroozan/Marjan, and Farzad/Hasbah. Arash/Al Dorrah is shared between Iran, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. The three states have yet to reach an agreement over the demarca- tion of the maritime boundary in the northern Persian Gulf that affects the field. Iran’s share of the Esfandiar and Foroozan fields has dropped to levels that make their further development uneconomic, in part due to Saudi ability to extract faster from the fields. Saudi Arabia and Iran signed an agreement to develop the Farzad/Hasbah A gas field in January 2012, and were scheduled to sign a second agreement to develop the Farzad B gas field and Arash/Al Dorrah oilfield, pend- ing the removal of international sanctions against Iran. In 2014, they contested their respective shares in the Arash/Al Dorrah. 2 . British administration in the Persian Gulf began in 1622, when the British fleet helped the Persian Safavid king, Shah Abbas, expel the Portuguese from Hormuz island. The period of the British Residency of the Persian Gulf as an official colonial subdivision extended from 1763 to 1971. 3 . Interview with Abdulaziz Sager, chairman of Gulf Research Center, Riyadh, November 30, 2011. 4 . Alinaqi Alikhani, yad dasht ha-yi asaddollah alam , jeld shesh, 1355–1356 [The Diaries of Alam], vol. 6, 1975–1976 (tehran: entesharat maziar va moin, 1377), pp. 324–325; 464. When the shah insists that the United States should under- stand that it cannot make Iran “a slave [puppet] government,” Alam informs him that the Americans have tried to make contact with different groups in Iranian society—alluding to dissidents. -
A STUDY of DIET in MESOPOTAMIA (C.3000
A STUDY OF DIET IN MESOPOTAMIA (c.3000 - 600 BC) AND ASSOCIATED AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES AND METHODS OF FOOD PREPARATION by Elizabeth Rosemary Ellison Institute of Archaeology Thesis submitted to the University of London in the Faculty of Arts for the Degree of Doctor of.Philosophy May 1978 IBIBiN (LONDIN. UNIV. ABSTRACT This study has been undertaken in order to find out what were the main foodstuffs consumed by the people of Mesopotamia, whether they would have provided an adequate diet containing all the essential nutrients, and whether the foodstuffs could have been supplied locally. Agricultural techniques have been looked at to see how efficiently and in what quantities food crops were produced and the methods of food preparation have been examined in order to see in what form the food- stuffs were consumed. The modern climate and countryside are outlined and the evidence for the ancient climate and changes in the courses of the rivers are set against them. The sources of evidence used can be divided into three main categories. These are: direct evidence of food sources from excava- tions - that is, botanical and zoological remains indicating the existence of specific cereals, vegetables, meat-animals etc, at a given place and at a . given point of time; indirect evidence from excavations such as tools and artefacts which could have been used in the production and preparation of food, representations of plants, animals, food- preparation and consumption on cylinder seals, stone reliefs, pottery, inlay work, jewellery etc; and evidence from cuneiform tablets of the variety of foodstuffs known, and in many cases, of the amounts of foodstuffs eaten. -
Doing Business in Saudi Arabia 2017 Country Commercial Guide for U.S. Companies INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT, U.S
Doing Business in Saudi Arabia 2017 Country Commercial Guide for U.S. Companies INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT, U.S. & FOREIGN COMMERCIAL SERVICE AND U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, 2016. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES. Table of Contents Doing Business in Saudi Arabia .......................................................................................... 4 Market Overview ............................................................................................................. 4 Market Challenges .......................................................................................................... 5 Market Opportunities ..................................................................................................... 6 Market Entry Strategy .................................................................................................... 8 Political Environment .......................................................................................................... 8 Political Environment ....................................................................................................... Selling US Products & Services ........................................................................................... 8 Using an Agent to Sell US Products and Services .......................................................... 8 Establishing an Office ................................................................................................... 10 Franchising ...................................................................................................................