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Exomars Orbital 2016 De TGO S S Now: Aerobraking Until Mid 2018 Orbit Circularization Down to ~400Km Trace Gas Orbiter Arrived at Mars 19 October 2016

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Exomars Orbital 2016 De TGO S S Now: Aerobraking Until Mid 2018 Orbit Circularization Down to ~400Km Trace Gas Orbiter Arrived at Mars 19 October 2016 EE XX OO MM AA RR SS Mars Express 2003-2020… Up and running since 2003 (up to 2020 and beyond…) First European Mission to orbit another Planet! First & last mission of the successful “Rosetta family” MEX/HRSC Mars Express science investigations Martian Moons: Phobos & Deimos: Ionosphere, surface, mass, volume, density, … Atmosphere: Magnetosphere, composition, Exosphere, dynamics, Interaction with temperature, solar wind, climate, auroraes Surface: clouds, … geology, Sub-surface: composition, physical mineralogy, … Interior: properties and Gravity field structures Comprehensive study of the planet and its history MEX/HRSC Mars Express Payload: 8 Scientific Instruments MaRS: Mars Radio Science MARSIS: Sub-Surface Radar ASPERA: Energetic Neutral HRSC: High Resolution Stereo Camera Experiment PIs: R. Orosei, Univ. Rome (IT) Atoms Analyser PI: R. Jaumann, DLR Berlin (DE) J. Plaut, JPL (US) PI: M. Holstroom, IRF Kiruna (SE) PI: M. Pätzold, RIU Köln (DE) VMC Camera OMEGA: Visible and Infrared SPICAM: UV and IR Spectrometer A.Sanchez Lavega, UPV/EHU (ES) Mineralogical Mapping Spectrometer PI: F. Montmessin, Latmos Paris (FR) M. Almeida, DADPS (CH) PI: J. P. Bibring, IAS Orsay (FR) PFS: Planetary Fourier ESOC, ESAC, ESTEC Spectrometer PI: M. Giuranna, INAF Rome (IT) Credit: MEX/HRSC Mars Express Distributed Science Operations PI Teams SPICAM LATMOS Paris MARSIS INAF Rome HRSC DLR Berlin Science Mission Operations Operations OMEGA Centre Centre IAS Orsay ESAC ESOC PFS INAF Rome ASPERA IRF Kiruna MaRS Univ. Koeln VMC Univ. Bilbao Credit: MEX/HRSC E E X X O O M M A A R R EE E X X X OO O M MM M A A A A R R R S S SS InserciónExoMars Orbital 2016 de TGO S S Now: aerobraking until mid 2018 Orbit Circularization down to ~400km Trace Gas Orbiter Arrived at Mars 19 October 2016 SCIENCE OBJECTIVES Martian atmosphere trace gases Surface geology and ice content Credit: MEX/HRSC E X O M A R TGO Payload EE E X XX OO MM A AA R RR S SS S NOMAD Atmospheric composition High-resolution occultation (CH4, O3, trace species, isotopes) and nadir spectrometers dust, clouds, P&T profiles UVIS (0.20 – 0.65 μm) λ/Δλ 250 SO Lim Nad IR (2.3 – 3.8 μm) λ/Δλ 10,000 SO Lim Nad IR (2.3 – 4.3 μm) λ/Δλ 20,000 SO CaSSIS Mapping of sources High-resolution, stereo camera Landing site selection ACS Atmospheric chemistry, aerosols, Suite of 3 high-resolution surface T, spectrometers structure Near IR (0.7 – 1.7 μm) λ/Δλ 20,000 SO Lim Nad IR (Fourier, 2.5 – 25 μm) λ/Δλ 4,000 (SO)/500 (N) SO Nad Mid-IR (2.3 – 4.5 μm) λ/Δλ 50,000 SO FREND Mapping of subsurface water Collimated neutron detector and hydrated minerals 7 Credit: MEX/HRSC E X O M A R Distributed ExoMars Science Operations E X O M A R S S PI Teams CASSIS - ISSI Science Mission Operations Operations NOMAD - BIRA Centre Centre ESAC ESOC FREND - IKI ACS - IKI IKI Credit: MEX/HRSC E X O M A R E X O M A R S First in-orbit calibrations S NOMAD- LNO Everything working fine! Now getting ready for mid 2018…ACS- TIRVIM Mellish crater (26°W, 73°S). FREN CASSIS Image Mosaic ~38 m/pixel 9 D Credit: MEX/HRSC E X O M A R E X O M A R S S SPICE - Cosmographia Mars Express: Mission Profile Mars Seasonal variability (both missions) – Mars-Sun-Earth ephemeris: – Data rates 1 to 10, Solar power 1 to 1.5 Elliptical orbit of 7 hours around Mars – Every month: ~100 orbits, ~200 science pointings, ~400 observations – High pointing flexibility (nadir, earth, inertial, limb, phobos, tracking, …) – MEX orbit precession : changing latitude and illumination conditions – Mars/Phobos resonances : Mars 11/3, 18/5, 25/7, … (now Phobos) Communications – Fixed antenna, cannot point during comms – ~18 passes per week, ~10 ESA+DSN stations E X O M A R E X O M A R S TGO Science Mission Profile S Mars Seasonal variability (both missions) • Mars-Sun-Earth ephemeris: •variable data rates 1 to 10; sun power 1 to 1.5 Circular orbit ~2 hours • Every month: ~350 orbits • Orbital node regression cycles: every ~7weeks (wrt sun) • Ground Track repeatability: ~ 30 days Pointing baseline per orbit: Nadir + Sun + Stereo S S WOLs NADIR U NADIR STEREO NADIR U NADIR OCMs N N ??? * + No earth pointing (steerable antenna) * SC constraints under discussion - Relay operations - Wheel-off loadings - Orbit Control Maneuvers - Slews - SC flips, etc … - Payload Calibrations Every month: ~2000 science pointings, ~2000 observations Need extra automation… EE XX OO MM AA RR SS SCIENCE OPERATIONS Uplink + Downlink EE XX OO MM AA RR SS Uplink System (both missions) Mission Operations Centre Science Operations Centre Planning System Centralized at ESAC ESAC ExoMars Russian SOC (visibility only) Planning system distributed to all sites Science PLANNING Planning PLANNING SYSTEM Team SYSTEM Input: Science Obs. Requests from PIs Output: Pointing/TCs to Mission Ops. Centre InstrumentInstrument Teams Teams Instrument TeamsPLANNING Instrument Teams SYSTEM EE XX OO MM AA RR SS System Legacy – SPICE : Geometry/Auxiliary Information System – MAPPS / EPS : Mapping and Planning Payload Science, Experiment Planning System EE XX OO MM AA RR SS Planning Cycles Long Term Planning (6 months) : Baseline Science Plan Medium Term Planning (4 weeks) : Confirm Pointing & Resource Allocation Short Term Planning (1 week) : Detailed Commanding EE XX OO MM AA RR SS Long Term Planning – Long term analysis of all input geometry and operational events – Illumination, occultations, eclipses, data rate, ground station coverage, etc – Definition of long term seasons, campaigns, priorities – Scientific and Operational seasons: definition of priorities, share, limited data rate, eclipses, etc – Science Opportunity analysis – Calculation of specific science events (occultations, fly-bys, …) MEX Examples: seasons, illumination, phobos flybys, earth occs, … ExoMars LTP analysis: Seasons + Opportunities Credits: B.Geiger 18 ExoMars LTP Extra Automation: Credits: B.Geiger, SOC Opportunity Analysis Scheduling Observation expansion Timeline 19 EE XX OO MM AA RR SS Medium Term Planning (same for both missions) Confirm a feasible fully detailed schedule of payload science operations Input : Science Observation requests and priorities *ExoMars: input timeline baseline from LTP SC contraints and events from ESOC Output: Fully harmonized feasible plan Spacecraft Pointing and Attitude Payload Command Sequences + Resources EE XX OO MM AA RR SS Short Term Planning (same for both missions) Confirm payload commanding and fine tune parameters Input : Commanding files from MTP baseline Updated by Pis with latest configuration Output: Fully detailed commanding files Command sequences and Resources (Data/Power) Mars Express PI-SOC-MOC Diagram (similar to VEX/Rosetta) Telecommands Telemetry Mission Mission Operations Centre Operations Centre Commands, pointings Telemetry Planetary SOC Science Science Archiving Operations Centre Team Archive Observation Data requests products Instrument InstrumentInstrument InstrumentInstrument Instrument Teams TeamsTeams TeamsTeams Teams UPLINK DOWNLINK OPERATIONS DATA PLANNING ARCHIVING Credit: MEX/HRSC E X O M A R E X O M A R S ExoMars PI-SOC-MOC Diagram S Telecommands Telemetry Mission Mission Operations Centre Operations Centre Commands, pointings Telemetry Planetary Science Science Science Operations Centre Operations Centre Archive Observation Data requests products Instrument InstrumentInstrument InstrumentInstrument Instrument Teams TeamsTeams TeamsTeams Teams UPLINK DOWNLINK OPERATIONS DATA PROCESSING PLANNING & ARCHIVING 23 Credit: MEX/HRSC MEX (Traditional) Data processing fully at PI institute ESOC Data Distribution System SOC PI Data Acquisition System TM Raw Data Processing RAW Instrument Teams InstrumentInstrument TeamsTeams Data Calibration CAL ESA High Level PDS Archive Planetary Processing Validation Science Archive DERIVED Credit: MEX/HRSC E X O M A R ExoMars Data Processing - Centralized at SOC E X O M A R S S ExoMars: First ESA planetary mission to use centralized data processing operationally ESOC Data Distribution System SOC PI Data Data Acquisition Acquisition System System TM TM Raw Data Raw Data Processing Processing RAW RAW Instrument Teams InstrumentInstrument TeamsTeams Data Calibration CAL PDS Archive ESA High Level Generation Planetary Processing & Science Validation Archive DERIVED Credit: MEX/HRSC E X O M A R Drivers for Centralized Data Processing E X O M A R S S • ARCHIVE • Ensure completeness of the data • Ensure timely availability of data • Ensure redundancy • Facilitate PDS compliance • FEEDBACK • May perform Science Quality Quick-Look • Engineering Housekeeping Performance • RESOURCES • PI can focus more on scientific activities (engineering centralized) • Collaborative effort ESAC/NNK • Commonalities with other missions (Rosetta, VEX, Bepi, JUICE, …) • RESPONSIBILITY • PI remains responsible for all science data • Restricted permissions to PI’s and SOCs 26 Credit: MEX/HRSC EE XX OO MM AA RR SS ExoMars 2016 Top Level System Design Uplink System: Science Operations Planning and Commanding First Level – Core Design Specifications Critical Functionalities Demonstrable by launch Mission Operations Centre FTS DDS Downlink System: Data Handling and Archiving Second Level - Core Design Specifications Uplink Feedback Downlink Critical Functionalities Demonstrable by launch Obs. Log Raw Data DataBase Processor Feedback System: HK Traceability of Uplink-Downlink Systems Monitor PLANNING DATA Third Level - “Additional” Design Specifications SYSTEM Quick SERVER Non critical specifications Look Enhancement of SGS capabilities Taken into account now, implemented
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