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Etude D'incidence Pour L'installation Et L'atterrage Du Câble Sous-Marin De ORANGE/IMT/OINIS/TNS/NSS Etude d’incidence pour l'installation et l'atterrage du câble sous-marin de télécommunication PEACE MED à Marseille ETUDE N°2020- 04846652 - CM - 14/08/2020 IMPACT RAPPORT PROVISOIRE V1.0 Août 2020 www.setec.fr Etude d’incidence pour l'installation et l'atterrage du câble sous-marin de télécommunication PEACE MED 2 Août 2020 Observations sur l'utilisation du rapport Ce rapport, ainsi que les cartes ou documents, et toutes autres pièces annexées constituent un ensemble indissociable : en conséquence, l'utilisation qui pourrait être faite d'une communication ou reproduction partielle de ce rapport et ses annexes ainsi que toute interprétation au-delà des indications et énonciations de Setec in vivo ne saurait engager la responsabilité de celle-ci. Crédit photographique : Setec in vivo (sauf mention particulière) Photo page de garde : Setec in vivo Auteurs Marc CHENOZ Chargé de projets Cédric MARION Chargé de projets Alexandre CERRUTI Chargés d’études cartographe setec in vivo Agence de La Forêt-Fouesnant Agence de Toulon siège social : Immeuble Central Seine Z.A La Grande Halte Espace Maurice 42-52 quai de la Râpée 29 940 La Forêt-Fouesnant 141 avenue Marcel Castié CS 7120 France 83100 Toulon 75 583 Paris cedex 12 France France Tél. + 33 2 98 51 41 75 Tél. + 33 4 86 15 61 83 Tél. +33 1 82 51 55 55 [email protected] SAS au capital de 50 000 € - RCS Paris 818 424 970 – TVA FR58818424970 Etude d’incidence pour l'installation et l'atterrage du câble sous-marin de télécommunication PEACE MED 3 Août 2020 Table des matières 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 2 CONTEXTE ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 3 EMPLACEMENT SUR LEQUEL LES TRAVAUX DOIVENT ETRE REALISES .............................................................................................. 13 4 NATURE DES TRAVAUX ........................................................................................................................................................................ 16 4.1 DESCRIPTION DES INSTALLATIONS .................................................................................................................... 16 4.1.1 La chambre-plage ........................................................................................................................ 16 4.1.2 La station terminale ..................................................................................................................... 18 4.1.3 Les électrodes ............................................................................................................................ 19 4.1.4 Description du câble..................................................................................................................... 21 4.1.5 Superficie de l’emprise ................................................................................................................. 27 4.2 DEROULEMENT DES OPERATIONS ...................................................................................................................... 28 4.2.1 Installation du système de mise à la terre (sur le DPM) .......................................................................... 28 4.2.2 Préparation de la plage (sur le DPM) ................................................................................................. 30 4.3 MODALITES DE MAINTENANCE ENVISAGEES ............................................................................................................ 41 4.4 NATURE DES OPERATIONS NECESSAIRES A LA REVERSIBILITE DES OPERATIONS, AINSI QU’A LA REMISE EN ETAT, LA RESTAURATION OU LA REHABILITATION DES LIEUX EN FIN DE TITRE OU EN FIN D’UTILISATION ......................................................................................................... 43 4.4.1 Sur la partie enterrée (entre la limite supérieure de l’herbier et la plage jusqu’à la chambre-plage) .................. 43 4.4.2 Sur les parties posées (dans les eaux territoriales depuis la limite inférieure de l’herbier) ............................... 43 4.4.3 Dans l’herbier............................................................................................................................. 44 4.5 PHASAGE ET DUREE DES TRAVAUX .................................................................................................................... 44 5 ETUDE D’INCIDENCE ............................................................................................................................................................................ 46 5.1 ETAT INITIAL ......................................................................................................................................... 46 5.1.1 Définition de la zone d’étude.......................................................................................................... 46 5.1.2 Milieu physique ........................................................................................................................... 46 5.1.3 Qualité du milieu ........................................................................................................................ 52 5.1.4 Qualité de l’eau .......................................................................................................................... 63 5.1.5 Milieu vivant .............................................................................................................................. 73 5.1.6 Patrimoine naturel et culturel........................................................................................................ 100 5.1.7 Usages ..................................................................................................................................... 105 5.2 SYNTHESE DE L’ETAT INITIAL ........................................................................................................................ 112 6 ANALYSE DES INCIDENCES .............................................................................................................................................................. 115 6.1 DEFINITION DES INCIDENCES ......................................................................................................................... 115 6.2 ÉTUDE DES INCIDENCES EN PHASE TRAVAUX ......................................................................................................... 116 6.2.1 Incidences sur la qualité physique des compartiments Eau, Air et Sol ........................................................ 116 6.2.2 Incidences sur l’herbier de posidonie et les populations associées ............................................................ 119 6.2.3 Incidences sur les biocénoses du plateau et du talus continental ............................................................. 125 6.2.4 Incidences sur les cétacés ............................................................................................................. 129 6.2.5 Incidences sur le patrimoine naturel, archéologique et paysager ............................................................. 130 6.2.6 Incidences sur les activités humaines ............................................................................................... 133 6.3 ÉTUDE DES INCIDENCES EN PHASE EXPLOITATION .................................................................................................... 135 Etude d’incidence pour l'installation et l'atterrage du câble sous-marin de télécommunication PEACE MED 4 Août 2020 6.3.1 Champs électromagnétiques .......................................................................................................... 135 6.3.2 Autres incidences environnementales : sur la qualité de l’eau et la biodiversité .......................................... 138 6.3.3 Incidences sur le patrimoine naturel, archéologique et paysager ............................................................. 139 6.3.4 Incidences sur les activités humaines ............................................................................................... 140 6.4 ÉTUDE DES INCIDENCES EN PHASE DE DEMANTELEMENT .............................................................................................. 141 6.4.1 Entre la limite des eaux territoriales et la limite inférieure des posidonies ................................................. 141 6.4.2 Entre la limite inférieure et la limite supérieure des posidonies .............................................................. 142 6.4.3 Entre la limite supérieure de l’herbier et la plage ............................................................................... 142 6.5 SYNTHESE DES INCIDENCES .......................................................................................................................... 142 6.6 INCIDENCES SUR LES SITES NATURA 2000 ........................................................................................................... 144 6.6.1 Contenu du dossier ..................................................................................................................... 144 6.6.2 Le document d’incidence.............................................................................................................. 146 6.7 COMPATIBILITE DU PROJET .........................................................................................................................
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