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- . POTT RY FROM THE DOKAN AND. SHAHRAZUR DISTRICTS And The Distribution of Ninevite V Pottery As Revealed By Field Survey 'Work In

1.' Uccurrences in the Dokan Area which are situated on either side of the The fertile plain in the locality of riYer Zab and its lesser tributaTies. Now, Rani,-a in Sulaimaniva is called Dashi- following tbe completion of the Darn, the i-Bit;yuin. It bas an"'area of some 230 plain together with the majority of these squarekilometres and is almost triangu- tells is beneath the woaters of the huge lar in shape, its apex pointing south to- artificial lake, but before this lake carne . \\'ardsthe site of the Dokan Darn on into being the Iraqi Directorate ~eneral the Lesser Zab. The plain is dotted with oaf Antiqnities succeeded not only III con- more than fourty tells of varying sizesl ducting an extensiye sur,eyof the area, but also in carrying out a large number (1) Sayid Mohammad Ali Mustafa and of excanltions throughout the area, thus salnl,o'ino' much yaluable architectural the writer were in charge of an archaeologi- b 0 .. cal suryey on behalf of the Directorate and material eyidenceo General of Antiquities during september At the end of four extCllded seasons 1903. The result ,vas the mapping of some of work ,,-hid) began in the summer of fomty mounds together with a thorough 1056 and continued annuaHy until 1959 examination of their slll'face materials. I ",-\ .. {i.yelargc site;;; had been th;)l'oughJy ex- Among these materials pottery of the follow- cavated and ~eYeral others tested by ing phases was recognized: Hassuna, sJlOrt sOtlmlings." AlDollg' tbese sites Samacra, Halaf, Ubaid, Uruk, Ninevite V, \rhich\H'j'eexpIUlwl Qarashina, Bas- .\kkudiun, Hurriall, Assyrian and Islamic. lllllsian, Shcmshara, I\amariun and ed- These sherds were a!\vays mingled' with a D- em. YieIdec11lt1Hc. r,-tu),. .:if·a,.l.t:nDHoft . the U,ruk eel·tain type of ware which was almost penod, most partlcularly tue .ded, Gr~y uhl-uys red Or reddish-brown in colour, and Plain '\Y;li-es. Ho\ycyer, it Iyas a thick and crudelv made This we have notiecah1e fact that cycrywhere in the thought it best l~ call "J~ocal ·Ware". Dokan (cspe6ally :It (~arashilla) the "~8alillg-\i-"lX" n:(l slipped yanety pre- occurred at QUl'ashina VI (see pI. II, dominated, The \\Titer had in particular Dl. tiU-W5, A little bo\1'l with double .S obsenee! and examined considerable spouts situated near the base was found qUHntiti(;s of slJcrds of this Red -Ware in LeYl~l VI (see pI. II, 1M, (0404). A in the sherd-yunls of Qarashinli and tan slender jar (see 'l'ype 14, pl. 1) ,vith 01 2 j\:amurian during the Summer of 1956 • a high shoulder and lightly curved pro- ii' file occurred at Leyel III (see pI. II, B QaTu.shilla 1M, (0399). The usual crude votive t( bowls with bewl1ed rini{see 'l'ype 8, ill Qarashina is Lt laru:e~ lllound situated _-pI. I) \yere in eyidence as early as Qara- ar on the \I"est bank of the Zab some 15 shine V. continuing to LEwelIII (pI. II, fJ km. to the south of Raniya. The site is Br. G0400 from Lewl III and Q. sh E no,\' entirely submerged. Qarashina 75 from Leyel Y) \yhere it was observable ,tl IIl- VI (in order of descent) produced {}' both l~ed "'and "plain Uruk ,,-ares, the in considerable numbers - mostly from ~ former being by fair the most popular at sher~ls. Similarly cqmp]9F ,yas an open }I the site-eyen as early as level VI. bowl (see type 7Jj)' pE Tr\'t;i-rp-, a folded n Qarashina V sho-wed a few complete glo- ~~rl'(see pI. II, DI. 00.122 '£i:ml] Level ~ bular cOoking pots (cf. PI. II, 1M. d G04S4 and 1M. 60425) in addition to tl mases of fragements. BaS/lUisian ~f .A The Red Slipped Uruk warecontiri- Basmllsian is the largcbt and the ueel through-out the oyerlying strata highest mound in the Dasht-i-Batwain If (IV-lI1) though only as sherds, lllanyof (23 m.)ancl is situated near the west l~ :ft' which belonged to j~rs -with,-bulgi-llg-bek ---bank of the IJesser Zab, some 12 km. to '" .lies and rather high ~e~ks -[email protected] quantity of "vhole ves- (Qarashma VI) . .ofthe plam Druk W.are sels of Red, Grey and plain wares, to- there are d9uble-mouthedglobular ]~rs -ue-ther with-a larD'e collection of sherds f t ~see Type ~::>, PI.- I ~. PI. II; ;111•_.6Q4Q9} <:-'--6rtlfestnvares wa~ recoyered from these ( ~n Qa~ashma VI. ..Sp01!ted Jars of ,v.ar- levels. A shallow carinate-dbowl (see pIs. I lOUS shaJ?e-s occuned 1~1 all the UI~k _III-IV, 1M. 61001) occured uniquely in IJevels (vI-III). -Such vessels-are usually:- - . -.. --.' - .' 1 ' d f b ff 1 - f S - t a dark glel (almoot black) shpped ware. f p am ~n 0 a u co_ouralOll.,qua It was hig~hly burnished and came from ~t Jars WIth a shoulder spouts (see 'Iype 16 -I '-l VII A fi exa 11'le of tl R d b,-Pl. I) but with moie-curved profiles .J~,e . ne ""I'p. .le e ! and flaring nech (see pI. II, Il\i~ 60412-- shlJP.ed :-vare .at B~sl.nusIan IS a rather ~ in Level ill; 1M: 60~02in Level V and- _~UJgll:g pI' WIth a mde ll10u~h and flar- Q. sh. 72 in Level V)-were aLso-folmd. _ mg l~lln. .It .has two knobs chke handl~s Little jars ,vith -long tubular shoulder on e:ther SIde of the bell)'. It also IS spouts point:ingdiagolliilly:--up"'afd· (see_-~_~Ul'~lsL~clandc~me~ from Le\'~l VII Type 15 a, pI. 1) and short flaring necks - (see pIs. lIIT\-, HI. _6.0990). F~'om -----, -.. - .~-,-- -. - J..Jeye]s-VI-'lIII at BasmusIan came lIttle '"(2)?n~fri. in;-ents ti~~!Q.J:!gchieflY-J_oJsiig,e,.~,,-,_j~apOrs :lJ(steede Type 15 a, pI. I PL. _globutar jars_of TYI)e 12;'see _pI._I, _cL alsei_-_1II;_~IlVIJ.U038 from Level VIII and - pI. II; IM.6Q425_and I~1.-~042t~T!Ie~w.~~tel'---r¥::-(,(q?Ufrom Level VII), while from was at the lime in charge of the excavafiQns __Level VII came seyeral fragments of

at Basmusion (First-season)-., - -_--" ~r -\lotive_bowls with bevelled rims.

-lL'--,--~,~•• $00 '- --- f1{J ,;~ :. -- '<~1 '"< II, ilble '" Shemsham Dark grey slip burni8be(r Level III.- ~_~-~_. --- ,- .. nnd ~ Shemshara is a cone-shaped mound Red-slipped burnisheq-Level JY=:-.~~.:-=-•c.:~. _.:. ~.A '" \,lith on the west bank of the Lower Zab, a Red-Orange slip not burnished 1.Je:-_ ",1 )1'0- :i little south of Darbandi-i-Ramkan, vel IV. ~ II, Raniya ,yas visible some four kilometres _ 9 -RedOrange slip burnish-E;dLevel IV. i to the north-west. Not much information tive

rical bowl (see pI. III, 1M. 60091, and i pI. I, Type 1 bJ with an everted rim. II. Occurrences in the Shah1'zur Area l "Level VII, however, yielded more bowls r (0 of the same kind, together with spouted. The Shahruz plain is th~ second !'iJ and ordinary jars, all in a plain buff fe~tile area in Sulaimaniya Liwa, arid r-- {f ware. Indeed, postsherds of . tl!~_plai:i:l .thIS -too- was tSudbmterDgedbwhdeDKth;hDe am _l,~-~--- -""-Th and Red Uruk wares were even more was cons rtuce a ar an -1- an on ~ _,_:nl common than before. Amana the com'- the HiveI' Diyala, near Halabja. Here":--::'·: f;:· --';; plete vessels found in Level VII ~Tere a again sevral ancient mounds were threa- • tl .rather deep open bowl {pI. III, _.IM. tened and the Iraqi Direet<>rate General ' - --,] 6(090) with a rounded base and a small of Antiquities undertook the urgent task :.:---~--;-----.~ ~a:;~rc;i';,'o~e~v:rl~i~Ket;iml)~':;iso: ~;r;ie~es;~gt~~:e~u~::~~~~g r:'~~\9~~I- ~- -- :' pI. ITI, 1M. 60088) & also Type 1 b, pI. 61. 0bflthte ~xd'cavt~ftedteIu lls the writer ~ 1\." I); a small squat jars (see pI. ill, 1M. was a e 0 1 en 1 v ru \: wares at Tell 1, r: 60110 and 1M. 66103) with somewhat Bakr-i-Awa and D~;\Ta_nzaImam only: t .

rounded bodies and short flaring rims Ba1'r,j Aw -- -, .. (see Type 13, pI. I) a globular spouted ,'I. -.- a "- . Jar with a short flaring neck _(see pI. All. that thewritei' could trace of '. -,_.. r ..- _.--- _. III, 1M:. 60124); a small squat jar with Uruk pottery at Bakr-i-Awa was four" . a long; tubular spout (see· pI. III; 1M.· bowls of buff plain ware (see pI. III SZ 6012D,. also see Type 15 a pI. I). From ~61/3: 1M. 62448; 1M. 62470 and '1M. ~ama:Ian IX came a sm.all squat spouted 62422) which came from the second J~r wIth a sharply carmated, Kettle":" 1961 season: The - votive bowls with - .. like body (see pI. ill, 1M. 60155, also ------.--.-.------..::...- cf.-Type 15 b, I); ~The . votive bowls' (5) A.Q. al-Tlknh: SUMER Vol._ XVI - -.- - with bevelled rim (cf. Type 8, pI. I) (f960) (Arabic Section) p. 104, pI. J Nos. - - _UP. ocCurred deep at Levels IX-X (cf. plate' 2f-22, 24 and' pI. 5, Nos. i3 & i9., III, 1M:. 60118 and 1M. 60119). (6) Ibid. pI. 7, Nos. 35, 38 and 40 - J bevelled rim (ef. Type 8, pI.I) occurred 4. Speiser: gawra I. pI. LXIII. 33. at both Level II and IV (Level IV, four : east 5. (a.b.c.d.) Speiser: Gawra 1. pI. complete specimens ; Level II, one com- LXIII. 35, 36, 31, 34. f the plete specimen). An open bow~ with ,inly slightly concave sides and a rounded 6. (a.b) Sp'eiser: Gawra I. pI. LXIII, '-~vels bottom occurred at· Level V (see plate 29, 32. lerds III, 1M. 62470, cf. Type 3 a,. pI. I). 7. Tobler: Gawra II. (a) pI. CXLI. Jund From Level II came a small deep bowl 328 (b) pI. CXLIV. 371 (c) pI. i the with concave sides and a low carination . CXIV. 368. nen- (see 1M. 62422, pI. III, ef. Type 2 b., 8. AAAXIX. pI. LXI 26. only pI. I). . At 9. AAAXIX. pI. LXI 27. 'ares 10. Sumer IV. I. pI. II. 55, 54 and .11. AAAXX pI. LI. 12. ~Tds. Levels IV -V (in order of descent) e at 1 12. Tobler: Gawra II. pI. CXL VITI. belorig to the Uruk period • Fragements . de- of the sealing-wax red-slipped ware 443 ~ all occurred at both levels. 13. Tobler:. Gawra II pI. CXLVII. 227. Ino,.. The votive bowl with bevelled rim 14. AAAXX. pI. LI. 9. ,is. ,rather .popular and some whole 15. (a) UVB. IV. pI. 17Dr. (b) UVB specimens were found. The shape also IV. pI. 19 Ch. occurs at Levels IV-V (complete exam- 16. AAAXX. pI. LII. 6. :ond ples came from Level V only) .. Handled 17. Surner. IV. I. pI. 3 no. 8. and cups (cf. Type 16, pl. I) ~ith rounded )am bottoms. occurred at the two levels also, 18. AAAXX pI. ill. 12. on mainlv in the form of sherds. Jars with 19. AAAXX pI. Lr. 7. [ere globular bodies and tubula.r spouts at 20. Speiser: Ga-wra I. pI. LXIII. 37. rea- the shoulder (of Warka XIII, ef. UVB ~ral IV (1932), pI. 17 Dg.) occurred at Level 21. Tobler: Gawra II. pI. CXLI. 342. ask V. A variety of sponted fragements. was 22. Tobler: Gawra II. pI. CXLI. (a) both rim spouts (cf. Type 17, pl. I) and 60- 340 (b) 341. iter shoulder spouts (cf. Type 18. pI. 1) 23. (a.b) Speiser: Gawra 1. pI. LXII. rell occurred in Level s IV -V. All have c~urved 3, 16. ' profiles. 24. (a. b) IRAQ VII. I. pI. III. fig. 7. Plate I no. 6. ' 25. Tobler: Gavvra II. pI.CXLIII. 1. (a) Sumer vol V no. 1 pI. II 56. of 356. (b) tobler: g'awra II. pl. CUI. 2. mr 26. Speiser: Gawra I. pI. LXIII. 39. 2. (ab) AAAXX pI. LI. 13, II. SZ 27. Speiser: Gawra 1. pI. LXIII 38. M. 3. (a.b) Tobler Gawra II pI. CXT.JI. Id, . 336, 334 28. Tobler: Gawra II. pI. CXTjII. 346. ith 29. (a) Speiser: Gawi'a I. pI. LXXXV. (7) Each of these two levels exhibits 211. (b) Sumer IV. pI. 4 no. 43. :VI two distinct phases (IV A-B and V A-B). os. Information concerning the excavation of 30. (a. b) _Speiser: Gawra 1. pI. LXII. this site has been supplied by Sayid Najih 21, 25. (c) pI. LXV. 55. Risso, who was jn charge. 31. AAAXX ,pI. LIT. 10. 32. AAAXX p1. LII. 9. latcr tlJan tho~c of ~incyite V, hut it is 33. AAAXX p1. LXI. 1 e,-idellt that in allnost eyery case 34. AAAXX. pI. LXI. '20. Nincvite V, potter:' is found together with l~ruk wares. This surface associa 35. AAAXX p1. LII. 3. tion is borne out by such excavated. 36. IRAQ. III. fig-. 15 no. 7. sites as :Yineveh, Teila -Ga\ua. Nuzi, 37. AAAXX Ill. LIV. 7. the lllOlllH,ls of Dokan and sharznr, 38. (a.b) AAAXX pI. LIII. 4,8. Grai ErsIl , Brak and ClJagir Ba- zar, where Ninevite V pottery was found 39. AAAXIX pI. LIV 5. immediately after the w;ires of the Urnk 40. AA,AXIX p1. I.JV. 8. ' period. w- 41. Speiser: Gawra 1.p1. IJXV. 59. Ii. The writer does' not himself 42. Spei~er: G-a\ua 1. p1. XV. 58. 1~. belieye that Ninevite \~ challices hnye an Iranian ong-jJ1 (Hissar III The list which is gi"enhererepre- II-III' ef. McCown. ·S. A. O. C. sents the names of no less than eighty- 'Xo. 23, p. 48 n. 88), the presence seven sites at ",vhieh, in addition to in l\fesonotamia of the Grev Uruk wa,re

other oecnrences, the sherds of Ninevite ftnd the L Chalices of the UI:uk period at V pottery haye been discovered. Each eg; Tepe Gawrri (l;evels XI-IX. d. Tel~e . one of these sites has been carefull~' and Chnvra II 1950 pI. CXLV1. 399-401) at criticallY seleded from the records of Grai Resh (Levels II-IV. -cf. IRAQ VII some 7,'000 ancient mounds, which-up 2. 1940 pl. III fig. 7 no. 6) and at until 1964-had been surveyed ana exu- ,Varka (I.Jevel III ef. UVB. IV pI. min~d .h~' ,the :q~reeto_rate ,,~eneral, 9~-- ~9Bw) sE3e~~jng t-ohim to sugg~st a pro- AnhqmtIes. It WIll be observed tha~ m bable ancestor for the Grey InCIsed waTe .each case the District- (Qadha. or Nalll~Ta")'and-the'cha-lices of Ninevite V. Never- in which the site is situated has been theless. eh-alices from Sia.Ik III' 6-7 , given, to~'dher with thy serial I1~Jnher~' CO(SiaiK;~-=I'i)Ii:

o. 1 consists of cereal (PToso]Yis stepJw'Iliana), and one seed of fragments of four seeds of the coarse weed grass, Goat's-£ace grass, . Ara hic Shok or E:harnub northern side. Cf. Contonr map of the site Ie bottom of the moat in a to be published shortly. at the western end of its \~) --;j

( ,~ ! 1,I-_(-1-- ) /7 ,L r' ,,------J , /8 / ~ c.D /,/ "

~/ - !I, !\ (DOKP.N) SCALE Yt 2/