Publishing & Distribution DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES Print Definitions

Accordion fold: To fold into Bond : Variety of paper pleats resembling the bellows usually with high cotton fiber of an accordion: to make a fan content. by accordion-folding a sheet Break for color: Also known of paper. as color break or color Against the grain: The separation. Separate the parts arrangement, direction, or to be printed in different pattern of the fibrous tissue in colors. wood/paper. Brightness: The attribute of Alteration: A change; light-source colors by which modification or adjustment. emitted light is ordered Banding: A thin strip of flexible continuously from light to dark material used to encircle and in correlation with its intensity. bind one object or to hold a The brilliance or reflectance of number of objects together. paper. Bind: To fasten or secure. Carbonless: Pressure sensitive writing paper that does not Bindery: A place where books use carbon; paper that makes are bound or printed materials multiple copies without are finished. intervening layers. Bleed: To permit (printed Camera-ready copy: Print illustrations or ornamentation) ready art, hard copy paper to run off the or sheet. originals. Blind embossing: To emboss Cast coated: or impress (the cover or spine with a high gloss reflective of a book) without using ink or finish. foil.

A-Cam | Page 1 Coated paper: Clay coated Cover paper: A heavy printing paper with a smooth paper used to cover books. finish. Crash number: Numbering Coil Binding: A method of paper by pressing an image binding books by threading on the first sheet which is wire or plastic coils into transferred to all parts of the punched holes. printed set. Must be on carbon Collate: To gather and based paper. assemble in proper order. Crop: To cut off parts of a Color bar: A quality control picture or image. term regarding the spots of ink Crop marks: Printed lines color on the tail of a sheet. showing where to trim a Color correction: Methods of printed sheet. improving color separations. Crossover: Printing across the Color separations: The gutter or from one page to the process of preparing artwork, facing page of a publication. photographs, transparencies, Cyan: The blue color of the or computer generated art for four standard process colors. printing by separating into the Density: The quantity per unit four primary printing colors. volume, the degree of color Comb bind: A method of or darkness of an image or binding books by threading photograph, the degree of plastic “combs” into punched opacity. holes. Die: Metal rule or imaged Contrast: Change in color block used to cut or place an from light to dark. The degree image on paper. of difference between the Die cutting: Curing images in lightest and darkest parts of a or out of paper. picture Dot: An element of halftones. Copy: Reproduction of an With a loupe you will see that original work. printed pictures are made of Copyright: The exclusive legal many dots. rights to reproduce, publish, sell, or distribute the matter and of something.

Co-Dot | Page 2 Dot gain or spread: Halftone Font: An assortment or set of dots becoming larger when type or characters and spacing printed, caused by ink all of one style and/or one spreading out on the . making the image appear Foot: The end or edge that is darker. lower or opposite the head. Drill: Making a hole through a French fold: Two folds at right stack of paper with a drill. angles to each other. Dummy: A rough layout of a Gang: Getting the most out of printed piece showing position a printing press by using the and finished size. maximum sheet size to print Duotone: A halftone picture multiple images or jobs on the made up of two printed colors. same sheet. Emboss: Pressing an image Generation: Stages of into paper so that it will create reproduction from original a raised relief. copy. A first generation Estimate: Statement of the reproduction yields the best approximate cost with current quality. information provided. Gloss: A shiny look that Flood: To cover a printed page reflects light. with ink, varnish, or plastic Grain: The direction in which coating. the paper fibers lie. Foil: A metallic or pigmented Hairline: A very thin line or gap coating used in foil stamping. about the width of a hair or Foil emboss: Foil stamping 1/100 inch. and embossing an image on Halftone: Shades of gray paper with a die to add color between the darkest and the or brilliance. lightest parts of an image; Foil stamping: Using a die to smooth variations of color by place a metallic or pigmented dots assigned to areas of the image on paper. electronic image. 4-color-process: Combining Hard copy: Copy of textual or four basic colors to create a graphic information produced printed color. on paper.

Dot-Ha | Page 3 Highlight: The lightest areas Lines per inch: The number in a picture or halftone area of rows of dots per inch in a with the greatest amount of halftone. illumination. Loupe: A magnifying glass Imposition: To arrange (as used to review a printed pages) in the proper order for image, plate, and position film. printing and folding. Magenta: One of the basic Impression: Printing an colors in process color. The image on paper. The number color red. of originals x quantity = Map tip out: Type of fold impressions. where the right side of a sheet Imprint (Overprint): Adding is folded in half and then half copy to a previously printed back. page. Marginal’s: Call outs for Indicia: Postal information directions on various parts of a placed on a printed product. business form. Keyline: Lines around Match print: Trade name for photographs or illustrations 3M integral color proof. that show position. Matte finish: A smooth even Kiss die cut: To cut the top surface, free from shine. layer of a pressure sensitive Middle tones: The tones sheet and not the backing. in a photograph that is Knock out: To mask or remove approximately half as dark as an image. the shadow area. Laid finish: Simulating the Moiré: Occurs when screen surface of handmade paper. angles are wrong causing Laminate: To cover with film, disturbing patterns in the dots to bond or glue one surface to of a printed image. another. Negative: The image on film Landscape: A document that makes the white areas of having the horizontal originals black; and black areas dimension longer than the white. vertical dimension. Non-reproducing blue: A blue Line copy: High contrast color cameras cannot see. image not requiring a halftone. Used in marking up artwork.

Hi-No | Page 4 Offsetting: Using an Point: Paper - a unit of intermediate surface used thickness equaling 1/1000inch; to transfer ink. Also, an Typesetting - a unit of height unpleasant circumstance equaling 1/72 inch. when the images of freshly PostScript: A computer printed sheets transfer images language recognized by to each other. printing devices. Offset paper: Uncoated book Portrait: A document having paper. the vertical dimension longer Pad: Collection of sheets of than the, horizontal dimension. paper glued together at one Pressure-sensitive paper: end. Paper material with self Page count: Total number sticking adhesive covered by a of pages in a book including backing sheet. blanks. Process colors (CMYK): Cyan PDF: Portable Document (blue), magenta (red), yellow, Format, is a file format created and black. by Adobe® Acrobat which Ream: Five hundred sheets of can be read by anyone with paper. the freeware Acrobat Reader. PDFs can be created from Register marks: Cross-hair many different types of files lines or marks on film, plates, including Microsoft® Word. It and paper that guide strippers, is ideal for printing because (if plate makers, pressmen, created properly) it contains all and bindery personnel in the fonts and links needed to processing a print order from print the file. start to finish. Perfect bind: A type of binding Saddle stitch: Binding a that glues the edge of sheets booklet or magazine with to a wrap around cover. staples in the seam where it folds. Perforate: To make a line of holes in paper for easy tearing Scanner: A device that scans in a straight line. an image (as a photograph) or document (as a page of text) PMS: The abbreviated name of especially for use in electronic the Pantone Matching System format. of premixed ink colors.

Of-Sca | Page 5 Score: A crease put on paper Spine: The binding edge of a to help it fold better. book or publication. Self-cover: Using the same Spoilage: Planned paper waste paper as the text for the cover. for all printing and finishing Self-Mailer: Materials that operations. can be sent by mail without Spot varnish: Varnish used to enclosure in an envelope by highlight a specific part of the use of a gummed sticker or tab printed sheet. to hold pages together. Stock: The paper or materials Shrink wrap: Wrap in clear to be printed on. plastic film that is then shrunk Substance weight: A term of with heat to form a tight fitting basis weight when referring to package. bond . Side stitch: Binding by stapling : Any surface on along one side of a sheet. which printing is done. Signature: Text paper: All purpose grades a. Letter or figure usually of uncoated paper with placed at the bottom of the textured surfaces. first page on each sheet of Thermal binding: Binding with printed pages (as in a book) an adhesive tape activated by as a direction to the binder in heat. arranging and gathering the sheets. Tints: A shade of a single color or combined colors. b. One unit of a book comprising a group of printed Transparency: A picture sheets that are folded and viewed by light shining stitched together or a sheet through it or by projection of printed pages which when Transparent ink: A printing folded become a part of a ink that does not conceal the book or publication. color under it. Skid: A portable platform for Trapping: To print one handling, storing, or moving ink slightly over the edge materials and packages. of another reducing the Specifications: A precise possibility of a white gap description and details between the two colors. provided in writing. Sco-Tra | Page 6 Trim marks: Marks that show Web press: The name of a type where to trim the printed of press that prints from rolls sheet. rather than sheets of paper. Trim size: The final size of a Wire-O binding: A method printed page after cutting off of wire binding books along the excess. the binding edge that will Tumble: Orienting the of top allow the book to lay flat using of the front side to the bottom double loops. of back side. With the grain: Folding or Under-run: Production of feeding paper into the press or fewer copies than ordered. See folder parallel to the grain of overrun. the paper. Up: Printing two or more up Work and tumble: Printing means printing multiple copies one side of a sheet and turning of the same image on the it over from the gripper to the same sheet. tail to print the second side using the same side guide and Varnish: A clear liquid applied plate. to printed surfaces for looks and protection. Work and turn: Printing one side of a sheet and turning it Vignette halftone: A halftone over from left to right using whose background gradually the same side guides and plate fades to white at the edges. for the second side. Wash-up: Removing printing : Having a uniform ink from a press, washing the unlined surface with a smooth rollers and blanket. Certain ink finish. colors require multiple wash- ups to avoid ink and chemical contamination. Waste: A term for planned spoilage. : A distinctive design created in paper at the time of manufacture that can be easily seen by holding the paper up to a light

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