DOCSLIB.ORG

Narcissus for Garden and Home

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Narcissus for Garden and Home May, 1934 Extension Bulletin 119 Narcissus For Garden and Home H. M. BIEKART GOLDEN SPUR NARCESM'S, NATURALIZED EXTENSION SERVICE NEW JERSEY STATE COLEHGE OF AGRICU 1URE A N 1.) AGRICULTURAL EXPFRIMENT STATION RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, NI \V BRUNSWICK, N. J. Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June SO, 914. Cooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics. H. J. Baker, Director. Pests Forcing Outdoor Culture Ordering andCareBeforePlanting Description ofTypesNarcissus Classification Names rJ Principal SourceofStock o n o EFt Z a I ID Diseases Insects Treatment AfterFlowering Growing NarcissusinSaucersorPebbles Forcing intheGreenhouse Forcing intheLivingRoom Varieties forForcing Measures PreparatorytoForcing Use asCutFlowers Soils andFertilizers Time toPlantOutside Situations andUses Care AfterPlanting Planting Tazetta Hybrids Jonqu ilIaHybrids Triandrus Hybrids Botanical Species Double NarciSsus Narcissus Poeticus Cyclamineus Hybrids o Trumpet Narcissus Leedsi Barri Hi a_: Incomparabilis Narcissus a H 7 't. -: o o 't a ?) oc Ih a -a o $ .) a o^i U) a 0? i. ;. 7e a Narcissus o a la. o .-: T Narcissus I z 3- o @ a a 'a _Tl _1. - t aa\/, NJ a; :/ o .= o 7q=r' CONTENTS ,.: + ,. o .i o 't z FJ lrl a z rJ v) 24 25 19 19 24 23 22 24 17 - 22 1 17 15 14 14 13 13 14 12 11 10 11 10 l€ a€ 4., as a.g i\.i i\i r + r lG 7 9 9 5 4 4 4 5 -r f + + ;J (J .; -:i :a -t- -2 -2 3: :rr j_ if l- 7 , depleted. Theymayneedreplantingperhapseveryfivetotenyears, will thriveandreproducewellwheretulipsnotgrow.When planted inthegardentheywillincreaseproductivenessand the beautyofgenusandaddedtoitsusefulness. and whenthisisdonethebestbulbsofthosewhioharedugcanbe since thedevelopmentofmanynewvarietieswhichhaveincreased culture, andhardinesshavegivenitatiostofstaunchadmirers.Nar- lished August,1928. yield moreflowerswitheachsucceedingyearuntilthesoilbecomes omy, arealmostindispensableinawell-plannedgarden. cissus arelessexactingthantulipsintheirsoilrequirements.They entire rangeofbulbousplants,anditspopularityisgrowingrapidly used. Narcissus,byvirtueoftheirbeauty,easeculture,andecon- : - a-'-. 1 a - '. range ofuseanditsgracefulbeauty,greatvarietyshape,ease a = = - --,- The narcissusisanexceedinglywinsomeflower.Ithasawide cissus, inGreekmythology,andthelanguageofflowersnarcissus is thesymbolofself-loveandegotism.Thisyouthlaydowntodrink The genusNarcissusisoneofthemoatcharmingamong Reprinted withslightrevisionsfromN.J.Exp.Sta.Circular 204,pub- r:--1.-,= narcissus whichbloomedconstantlybybeingkeptmoistwiththedews scribed thenarcissusasflowerwithbarestemand foliage which fellfromheaven. water hefellsomadlyinlovewithitthatpinedawayanddied. melancholy flowerwhichevennowlikestoseeitsimageinthewater, the dryadstoraiseafuneralpileforpurposeofburninghisbody, to getalookathimselfinthewaterbeneath.Thenymphsimplored but thebodywasnowheretohefound.Initsplaceroseapaleand from astreamandwhenhesawhisownimagereflectedintheplacid Sophocles tellsusthatthegoddessesonOlympuswerecrownedwith Even afterhisdeath,whilepassingovertheRiverStyx,heleaned =-;-- just asNarcissusdidintheplacidstreatn. - ' - a l: : - - Theophrastus Eresius,wholivedbetween370and285B.C.,de- The name"Narcissus"isderivedfromthestoryofyouth,Nar- ': . .':1: The Greeksplacedthenarcissusuponcoffinsoftheirdead. .;=-=-= .:,:'-7 -. a. ; : 1 -*; . : =.. j za 1-i..=:-:--.-1: j.-:==L- ; _=? a-= - j= _ :=. .r.= -_-. = lT+;al-:=--= -- 1L. = ,.-.- =- ==' =_i' H. M.Biekart,AssociateinOrnamentalHorticulture +, =:==1?-r?='-=-=7:r-,2==':;=,_;1)'_;:l==i?--= -) -_-i 1=r-i i=- )=i'i 7' t ^ = E :;-:_. ra:=.-.-r.- -rv=.-=--; - L L ,.-_.v. =.=- r;:r:- i i -.:llr ,:ar-l-.'^t1.:-,2 =-. 1-! i ='-=..^^ r.: =- - =:- =:1. =-!-.r.-=iZ --;.==''j - -, +r-; ) ' ,, , i =a_+ ;. -:. 1) -- "Daffodils thatcomebefore @ ===;1;4, ===-=; = '- =. = And takethewindsofMarch =; ='.; For GardenandHome ,:;i7a:2=---;-;=-=;i?; 1:'-==:1t,'== F I r-r >='====_.=.2=1=;-=-a= r-. - - ;. t 7I p with beauty." = = - - =J:. ='; "-=:-1i=; the swallowdares -==--==-,===;,y'---. Narcissus ; -' ;=.=.:4i=Z=;-'."-, )--'':, ;.r?3. 3a, , 1 -: :=--= : . : a ?',= :i 1 ; r'. ; 9!^l =?2 -7=t- = =,' z Z= =;, = 1== '= f PA FO ,. i=-..:=7=-='2, -.=. ='-=- = t 1;='='Z'- a E f E 5lJ =:1:-.va'L=,==.ii_;.7.:==,^==:lr=,17_ ; a 7; Shakespeare i: A j o : r- -'t -_Tl-_._i=._.;'j:,:.=.g= =!:l= - =a*! ot0 = =--'- --=11=-'=_-?=i= i a ==7: ='==,a = :-, r. -,' ; _ f a p ; cr) 7-, .='-=-=-'---'= -==-=l -!1-1';- =:. -=,ti'-;':,:= a :7-: o '. ?1, .7 I : "' L. r,=-1':==l-:a . - =:2- = - 1t-: = :. /'- 2 = b' t-i - = ,=.- =-14;. =i =r,- -. ==: ^:: -;;': =.=_'= =oi i'Z ; I Flj a :=:- T=-';=ja1.-t:':+ 1r1=i:-r;7;=tt , =:= i.. :i:L r ;=-=-=1=:.,)_.:--.r- :_-' = _ :;=1-:;- =i_, .:, ^ tso -;,1 :_= =.==''-1.'=. 2,= Z " : ='=,= = = : i - H ar. =41 P.-'-.- ': =-: -== = =.';- - -' = - - === '4 ^ '):1'Z!='-=:1=l=i..':,.J==Z=;_-;.i = -.- = i.::- l= 1-^/- t-LJ.: G : ; '-. ; ^ -I'= - =.a - -.- - ==- ='=2':-_ ^ =' - =6 == -=--;f - ==* _1==:r_'_=,::_=-: i=1== i,E o ;,=,,=_11 1 ;a:. i=====::='=-: - - ^- " '' = I- =);=.:=!a'.2' =i;=-17j,.i=. =.r-.- = - E; .-: :=,;1:-!';=_i= . :':. ? = A - _i : a. a E + +?t;'=12i.-? :3+ 4 N. J. AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, BULLETIN 119 NARCISSUS FOR GARDEN A. D HOME 5 of the Asphodelos. Linnaeus described seventeen species, and Haworth, mendations. In this classification the tubular centra part of the who lived in the nineteenth century, classified one hundred and fifty flower is called the trumpet, crown, or cup. The perianth segments varieties. Narcissus pseudonarcissus and related species grow naturally in Central Europe, in the Mediterranean region, and through Asia to form the corolla f rot whic the trumpet, crown, or cup r'ses. The China and Japan. Probably twenty-five or thirty species represent the following description of types of narcissus is arranged according t original stock. The names of many species are in the literature, most of them representing hybrids, for the plants have received much atten- this classification. tion from fanciers and breeders. In the second half of the nineteenth century a narcissus society was formed in England and the narcissus DESCRIPTION OF TYPES OF NARCISSUS was the exclusive flower at its annual exhibitions. The Dutch narcissus society, which was formed soon afterwards, chose as one of its prin- cipal aims the control of diseases and insects in order to prevent the I. Trumpet Narcissus distribution of these pests into foreign countries. n the trumpet narcissus the trumpet or crown is ong as or NAMES longer than the perianth segments. There are three ypes of long trumpets : namely, yellow, white, and bicok r. The type is originated he narcissus commonly is ca ed "daffodil," "jonquil," "nar- from Naroiss s pseudonarcissus. Most of the trumpet narcissus are cissus." vigorous g wer , with broad, bluish-green leaves. Some, however, The name "narcissus" may be applied to al the species, as it is like the N. minimits, are dwarf. The long trumpet narciss make the co rect name of the genus. The common name "daffodil" should idea n terial for garden decoration, cut flowers, and forcing. be applied only to the sorts wh.c. have Narcissus pseudonarcissus Y E A, TRUMPET AND PERIANTH YELLOW.—One of the mos as one of the parents. The name "; nquil" is incorrect as generally popular of this roup, the Golden Spu , was discovered i 1885 on used, as it should apply only to relatives of Narcissus jonquilla, a the private e: ate of the Prince von Wiedt, Wassenaar, Holland. species with smaller bulb, smaller leaves, and smaller but more Henry Irving, another popular variety, was found at Warrnond, Hol fragrant flower than the trumpet na ci sus. The leaves are onion land. The large number of the new variet'es have originated from like and much arker gree than those of the daffodil. seed as a result of breeding. The well-ki own King A f red, which PRINCIPAL SOURCE OF STOCK originated as a cross between N. manillas and another yellow t impet, has bec me he parent of a very large number of v rieties A large portion of the narcissus sold by seed men and florists in of trumpet narcissus. The progress during the last ten years in the United States was formerly imported directly from he Nether- obtaining better variet'es through breeding has been remarkable. lands, annual importations exceeding two million dollars in value. Some good var'ef es are : Since the Federal Horticultural Board established a arantine a vir- Glory of Leiden, Van Waveren's Giant, Emperor, Majestic, Mon tual embargo ex'sts, and now it i- with the greatest difficulty that arch, Glory of Haarlem, Apotheose, Golden Rider, Frans Hals. v rieties can be imported for propagati n. In addition to the general TYPE B, TRUMPET AND PERIANTH WHITE.—The number Of restrictions there has been imposed a quarantine on interstate ship- varieties in this group is much smaller than that in the yellow t umpet ment of narcissus bulbs, compelling the sterilization of al bulbs be- because of the fact that Mme. de Graaff was the only variety of c use of eelworms and the two bulb flies. prominence until 1911. With the advent of Mrs. Ernst H. Krelage in The United States is somewhat prepared to meet the demand for 1911 a va,lety of very great merit was added to the grou . During bulbs because of the stocks grown during the past few years in Cal the first y _ars the bulbs of tl is variety retailed for about $225 each fornia, Oregon, Washington and other states. It has been proved and eve now t ey are sold or about $to ap'ece. Some other good that certain American
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The 'Language of Flowers' As Subtext: Conflicted Messages of Domesticity
    Working Papers on Design © University of Hertfordshire. To cite this journal article: Sheley, Nancy Strow (2007) ‘The “Language of Flowers” as Coded Subtext: Conflicted Messages of Domesticity in Mary Wilkins Freeman’s Short Fiction’, Working Papers on Design 2 Retrieved <date> from <http://www.herts.ac.uk/artdes1/research/papers/ wpdesign/wpdvol2/vol2.html> ISSN 1470-5516 The ‘Language of Flowers’ as Coded Subtext: Conflicted Messages of Domesticity in Mary Wilkins Freeman’s Short Fiction Nancy Strow Sheley, Ph.D. California State University, Long Beach Abstract This paper presents a unique, literary model for illustrating the symbiotic relationship of text, narrative and image. The examples in this paper are primarily drawn from a selection of popular short fiction by Mary Wilkins Freeman (1852-1930) to suggest that contemporary readers often overlook the nineteenth-century cultural phenomenon, the Language of Flowers. Further, this paper argues that knowledge of this socially constructed vocabulary, extensively detailed in floral dictionaries and other material culture in the nineteenth century, is necessary for fully enhanced readings of texts written by Freeman and other American writers of that time. In the latter half of the 1800s, the mere allusion to a blossom or plant in text could trigger a mental processing of flower to image to definition. Today, those readers who acknowledge the Language of Flowers and understand its use as a subtext can explore how botanical references, even in fiction, often support multiple interpretations of character, setting, plot, and theme. Those who do not understand the coded subtext of the Language of Flowers fail to analyze the literature to its fullest.
    [Show full text]
  • The Language of Flowers Is Almost As Ancient and Universal a One As That of Speech
    T H E LANGUAGE OF FLOWERS; OR, FLORA SYMBOLIC A. INCLUDING FLORAL POETRY, ORIGINAL AND SELECTED. BY JOHN INGRAM. “ Then took he up his garland, And did shew what every flower did signify.” Philaster. Beaumont and Fletcher. WITH ORIGINAL ILLUSTRATIONS, PRINTED IN COLOURS BY TERRY. LONDON AND NEW YORK: FREDERICK WARNE AND CO. 1887. vA^tT Q-R 7 SO XSH mi TO Eliza Coo k THIS VOLUME IS AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED BY HER FRIEND THE AUTHOR. o Preface. j^IIE LANGUAGE OF FLOWERS has probably called forth as many treatises in explanation of its few and simple rules as has any other mode of communicating ideas; but I flatter myself that this book will be found to be the most complete work on the subject ever published—at least, in this country. I have thoroughly sifted, condensed, and augmented the productions of my many predecessors, and have endeavoured to render the present volume in every re¬ spect worthy the attention of the countless votaries which this “ science of sweet things ” attracts ; and, although I dare not boast that I have exhausted the subject, I may certainly affirm that followers will find little left to glean in the paths that I have traversed. As I have made use of the numerous anecdotes, legends, and poetical allusions herein contained, so Preface. VI have I acknowledged the sources whence they came. It there¬ fore only remains for me to take leave of my readers, with the hope that they will pardon my having detained them so long over a work of this description , but “Unheeded flew the hours, For softly falls the foot of Time That only treads on flowers.” J.
    [Show full text]
  • TEACHING IMAGE PATTERNS in HAMLET HILARY SEMPLE, Former Lecturer at the University of the Witwatersrand
    TEACHING IMAGE PATTERNS IN HAMLET HILARY SEMPLE, former lecturer at the University of the Witwatersrand (originally published in CRUX, May 1993) In her fascinating study of Shakespeare’s imagery Caroline Spurgeon writes: The greater and richer the work the more valuable and suggestive become the images, so that in the case of Shakespeare I believe one can scarcely overrate the possibilities of what may be discovered through a systematic examination of them.' A systematic examination involving complete coverage is not possible in class or tutorial room, but many of the difficulties experienced by pupils or students in the study of Hamlet may be resolved by an analysis of some or the main image patterns in the play. First, the question, ‘what is an image?’ needs to be addressed, and the answer need not be one of great sophistication or subtlety. Many literary glossaries give the teacher a variety of definitions with which to work. The students need to grasp the fundamental idea that the dramatist creates many ‘mental pictures’ 2 in order to present ideas and concepts descriptively"3. After the group has agreed on a few working definitions of the image, pupils or students should be invited to create their own mental picture — to visualize a train travelling rapidly, kept on track, and given direction by its rails. This is to be kept in mind as a rough analogy for the movement of the play, which is kept ‘on track‘ and given direction by the image patterns created by the dramatist. In other words, the image patterns support and accompany the play’s action and plot like the rails do a train.
    [Show full text]
  • Hidden Treasure-Historical Truth Flowers, the Language of Love by Katherine Bone
    Hidden Treasure-Historical Truth Flowers, the Language of Love By Katherine Bone To-morrow is Saint Valentine’s Day. All in the morning betime, And I a maid at your window, To be your Valentine. Ophelia: IV, v:49, Hamlet Prince of Denmark, W. Shakespeare (1564-1616) Valentine’s Day is a day set aside to honor love. How we show affection to others on Valentine’s Day reveals a lot about ourselves. In the past, poets raised the bar by writing passionate sonnets of courtly love. Many of these famous poems by Keats, Byron, and Shakespeare, have been immortalized and whispered throughout the ages, romantically branding hearts. Today, old traditions and poetic sentiments have been transferred to gifts of Valentine’s Day cards, chocolate candy, and flowers. Of the three, however, the most endearing symbol of love can be found in the hidden meanings of flowers. Flowers silently declare, “Be mine!” as in the plea of a dozen red roses. “I can’t live without you!” a devoted primrose insists. “Please forgive me,” implores the purple hyacinth. “There’s rosemary, that’s for remembrance. Pray you, love, remember. And there is pansies, that’s for thoughts.” Ophelia: IV, v 173 “There’s fennel for you, and columbines. There’s rue for you, and here’s some for me. We may call it herb of grace o’ Sundays. O, you must wear your rue with a difference. There’s a daisy. I would give you some violets…” Ophelia: IV, v:179-182, Hamlet Prince of Denmark, W. Shakespeare (1564-1616) In 1718, Lady Mary Wortley Montague wrote the Secret Language of Flowers.
    [Show full text]
  • Shakespeare Garden Flowers and Plants Played an Important Role in the Imagery Throughout Shakespeare’S Literary Masterpieces
    Shakespeare Garden Flowers and plants played an important role in the imagery throughout Shakespeare’s literary masterpieces. While some of the blooms are recognizable, others are not as familiar. This is because Shakespeare relied on the language of flowers—symbolic meanings attached to different flowers—to create elaborate metaphors. Below are some of the flowers mentioned in his works: Common Name Latin Name Reference in Shakespeare Literature Language of Flowers ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Columbine Aquilegia vulgaris (P) “I am that flower…that columbine.” Resolve to win, anxiety – Love’s Labour’s Lost ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Wormwood Artemisia “Wormwood, wormwood.” – Hamlet Absence absinthium (P) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Daisies Bellis perennis (P) “When daises pied, and violets blue / Innocence And lady-smocks all silver white / And cukoo-buds of yellow hue / Do paint the meadows with delight...” – Love’s Labour’s Lost ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Calendula Calendula “Hark! Hark! the lark at heaven’s gate Joy, health, officinalis (A) sings,/ And Phoebus ‘gins arise… And remembrance winking Mary-buds begin / to open their golden eyes…” – Cymbeline ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: the Language of Flowers As a Tool for Communication in Women’S Embroidery in Victorian Britain
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings Textile Society of America 2008 Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: The Language of Flowers as a Tool for Communication in Women’s Embroidery in Victorian Britain Mary Brooks TexCons, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf Part of the Art and Design Commons Brooks, Mary, "Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: The Language of Flowers as a Tool for Communication in Women’s Embroidery in Victorian Britain" (2008). Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings. 284. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf/284 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Textile Society of America at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: The Language of Flowers as a Tool for Communication in Women’s Embroidery in Victorian Britain Christen Elaine Ericsson & Mary Brooks [email protected] The Secret Flower Language, Women and Expression In the romantic minds of the Victorian’s with their interest in medieval chivalry and sentimental symbolism, an obligation to social etiquette caused extreme censorship of what was considered appropriate conversation.1 This combination created a society that utilized and applied symbolic meanings of objects to express what otherwise could not be spoken.2 The Victorians followed upon the interest in botany and the natural world developed by the educated and leisure classes of England in the mid-18th century.
    [Show full text]
  • “Hexing Herbs” in Ethnobotanical Perspective: a Historical Review of the Uses of Anticholinergic Solanaceae Plants in Europe
    “Hexing Herbs” in Ethnobotanical Perspective: A Historical Review of the Uses of Anticholinergic Solanaceae Plants in Europe KARSTEN FATUR Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Though not the most frequently used botanical family, the Solanaceae or nightshade family has provided many plants of great importance around the world. Throughout Europe, the “hexing herbs,” plants from this family with anticholinergic alkaloids, have played an especially impor- tant role in the history and formation of traditions pertaining to plant use in many aspects of human life. Represented in Europe by the genera Atropa, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Mandragora,and Scopolia, the alkaloids hyoscyamine/atropine and scopolamine in these plants have allowed them to be used as medicines, poisons, and intoxicants, leading to the creation of a large mythos and extensive cultural valuation. Through a review of the literature, the exact roles that these “hexing herbs” have played in Europe in the past and present are discussed in this paper, ultimately showing the immense importance of these often misunderstood and vilified plants. Key Words: Ethnobotany, Solanaceae, Hexing herbs, Europe, Anticholinergic, Tropane alkaloids. Introduction made them invaluable to humans throughout the ages (Arroo et al. 2007;Boydetal.1984). Used as OVERVIEW inebriants, medicines, poisons, in rituals, and for many cultural inspirations, these plants have played Informally known as the “hexing herbs,” the a crucial role in the shaping of Europe. anticholinergic members of the Solanaceae that are Among these plants, five genera have been long found in Europe likely earned this name through represented in, or are native to, Europe. All are closely association with witches and magic.
    [Show full text]
  • Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: the Language of Flowers As a Tool for Communication in Women’S Embroidery in Victorian Britain
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings Textile Society of America 2008 Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: The Language of Flowers as a Tool for Communication in Women’s Embroidery in Victorian Britain Christen Elaine Ericsson University of Southampton Mary Brooks TexCons, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf Part of the Art and Design Commons Ericsson, Christen Elaine and Brooks, Mary, "Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: The Language of Flowers as a Tool for Communication in Women’s Embroidery in Victorian Britain" (2008). Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings. 93. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tsaconf/93 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Textile Society of America at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Silent Needles, Speaking Flowers: The Language of Flowers as a Tool for Communication in Women’s Embroidery in Victorian Britain Christen Elaine Ericsson & Mary Brooks [email protected] The Secret Flower Language, Women and Expression In the romantic minds of the Victorian’s with their interest in medieval chivalry and sentimental symbolism, an obligation to social etiquette caused extreme censorship of what was considered appropriate conversation.1 This combination created a society that utilized and applied symbolic meanings of objects to express what otherwise could not be spoken.2 The Victorians followed upon the interest in botany and the natural world developed by the educated and leisure classes of England in the mid-18th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Sacred Connection of Ornamental Flowers with Religious Symbols
    Available online at http://journals.usamvcluj.ro/index.php/promediu ProEnvironment ProEnvironment 8 (2015) 73 - 79 A Review Sacred Connection of Ornamental Flowers with Religious Symbols HUSTI Anca, Maria CANTOR* Faculty of Horticulture. University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj – Napoca, Mănăştur St., No. 3 – 5, 400327 Cluj-Napoca, Romania Received 3 March 2015; received and revised form 9 March 2015; accepted 12 March 2015 Available online 29 March 2015 Abstract For centuries humans have searched in Bible, the cornerstone of the Christian religion, spiritual guidance and healing, but few have realized that the Bible contains many references to flowers, as an evidence and a perpetual reminder that the plants were left on this earth by God for people. Since the beginning of the world the Holy Bible relate that between humans and nature is a perfect synergy. In most religions plants played an important role, inspired architects, until today churches and religion artifacts are made with shapes and drawings designs of plants. The Bible is one of the largest areas where plants have taken a religious spiritual symbolic role. Flowers became common in religious and ceremonial uses for Christians by the fourth century, being used for weddings, funerals, church decorations, various occasions, holydays and even cut. Such flowers are: Passion Flower, Roses, Lily, Cyclamen, Pansy, Ivy etc. Flowers, in the Christian tradition have different archetypal symbols, reminding of what Jesus Christ did and His promises. Keywords: flowers, Christian symbols, religious significance, use. Plant world profoundly affected people's 1. Introduction intellectual and spiritual sphere. Many are indeed herbaceous and woody species which are assigned Since ancient times people afraid of their important symbolic meanings and values, especially weakness and inability in front of nature, they felt in religious sector.
    [Show full text]
  • Something Rotten: Space, Place, and the Nation in Hamlet and As You Like It
    Georgia College Knowledge Box English MA Theses Department of English Summer 6-28-2018 Something Rotten: Space, Place, and the Nation in Hamlet and As You Like It Mikaela LaFave Georgia College and State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://kb.gcsu.edu/english Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation LaFave, Mikaela, "Something Rotten: Space, Place, and the Nation in Hamlet and As You Like It" (2018). English MA Theses. 3. https://kb.gcsu.edu/english/3 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of English at Knowledge Box. It has been accepted for inclusion in English MA Theses by an authorized administrator of Knowledge Box. Georgia College Something Rotten: Space, Place, and the Nation in Hamlet and As You Like It By Mikaela LaFave M.A. Candidate A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The College of Arts and Sciences Department of English and Rhetoric Georgia College & State University June 2018 LaFave 2 LaFave 3 Acknowledgements “This above all: to thine own self be true.” Hamlet, 1.3.84 I would be remiss to pretend that this thesis simply sprang into being on its own (although at points, I sincerely wished it would). The contributions of mental (and emotional) effort from a great deal of people went into the creation of this thesis. I would first and foremost like to thank my advisor and mentor, Dr. Jenny Flaherty, for her insight and sage advice throughout this process, for keeping me focused on writing, for suggesting a myriad of edits, and for stopping me from writing the phrase "many critics" without shouting "WHAT CRITICS" into the void.
    [Show full text]
  • The Secret Language of Flowers
    PRESS RELEASE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ______________________________________________________________ The Secret Language of Flowers Exhibition Dates: Thursday 12 May to Saturday 6 June 2011 Private View: 6.00pm to 9.00pm Wednesday 11 May 2011 Performance by Lynn Lu: 2.00pm to 5.00pm Saturday 21 May 2011 “When chivalry was still alive … flowers and poems were the only gifts exchanged by lovers... Every bouquet and garland was carefully composed according to its legendary meaning. Joy and grief, triumph and woe, admiration and gratitude, love and desire, every human sentiment had its floral emblem.” Folklore and Symbolism of Flowers, Plants and Trees, Ernst & Johanna Lehner, 1960. Andipa Contemporary is proud to present The Secret Language of Flowers, a group exhibition showcasing the work of eight emerging artists with their own fresh and contemporary take on the age-old motif of the flower and its meaning in art and life today. Running from 12 May to 6 June 2011 at Andipa Gallery, Knightsbridge, the show coincides with the biggest international celebration of the flower: The Chelsea Flower Show, taking place a stone’s throw from the gallery. Beginning with the very first still-life drawings, to Banksy’s Flower Thrower, the pop artist Andy Warhol’s early silkscreens of daisies and hibiscus blossoms and Lichtenstein’s Water Lilies, flowers have never ceased to seduce the artist with their delicacy, their transience and their riotous colour. The term ‘the secret language of flowers’ was coined in the Victorian era when each genus of flower was classified as evocative of a certain feeling or emotion. Flowers were used to covertly convey messages of love or despair: the red tulip a profession of love, the marigold a declaration of pain and grief.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Copy 2012 01 23 Boyd
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Boyd, Jade Title: The Experience of Colour in the Theatre of Federico García Lorca General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. The Experience of Colour in the Theatre of Federico García Lorca Jade Leanne Jessie Boyd “A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Hispanic, Portuguese, and Latin American Studies in the Faculty of Arts, School of Modern Languages, September 2019.” Word Count: 79,664 Abstract Colour in the theatre of Federico García Lorca (1898-1936) is a powerful and equivocal force which is centred on his aesthetic concerns and on the audience experience.
    [Show full text]