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The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a New Look at Musical Instrument Classification
The KNIGHT REVISION of HORNBOSTEL-SACHS: a new look at musical instrument classification by Roderic C. Knight, Professor of Ethnomusicology Oberlin College Conservatory of Music, © 2015, Rev. 2017 Introduction The year 2015 marks the beginning of the second century for Hornbostel-Sachs, the venerable classification system for musical instruments, created by Erich M. von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs as Systematik der Musikinstrumente in 1914. In addition to pursuing their own interest in the subject, the authors were answering a need for museum scientists and musicologists to accurately identify musical instruments that were being brought to museums from around the globe. As a guiding principle for their classification, they focused on the mechanism by which an instrument sets the air in motion. The idea was not new. The Indian sage Bharata, working nearly 2000 years earlier, in compiling the knowledge of his era on dance, drama and music in the treatise Natyashastra, (ca. 200 C.E.) grouped musical instruments into four great classes, or vadya, based on this very idea: sushira, instruments you blow into; tata, instruments with strings to set the air in motion; avanaddha, instruments with membranes (i.e. drums), and ghana, instruments, usually of metal, that you strike. (This itemization and Bharata’s further discussion of the instruments is in Chapter 28 of the Natyashastra, first translated into English in 1961 by Manomohan Ghosh (Calcutta: The Asiatic Society, v.2). The immediate predecessor of the Systematik was a catalog for a newly-acquired collection at the Royal Conservatory of Music in Brussels. The collection included a large number of instruments from India, and the curator, Victor-Charles Mahillon, familiar with the Indian four-part system, decided to apply it in preparing his catalog, published in 1880 (this is best documented by Nazir Jairazbhoy in Selected Reports in Ethnomusicology – see 1990 in the timeline below). -
Lomax Product Sheet
LOMAX PRODUCT SHEET Handcrafted Professional and Student Mouthpieces Professional Bb Clarinet Mouthpieces Professional Bass Clarinet Mouthpieces Classic Bb Model Mouthpiece - $300.00 Classic Bass Model Mouthpiece - $380.00 Classic BA5 Model Mouthpiece - $300.00 Rocco Parisi Model Mouthpiece $380.00 Legacy 1929 Mouthpiece - $375.00 Aria Bass Model Mouthpiece - $250.00 L’Opera Model Mouthpiece - $300.00 Chicago Model Mouthpiece - $300.00 Student Prelude Mouthpieces Andy Firth Jazz Model Mouthpiece - $300.00 Prelude Clarinet Mouthpiece - $45.00 Aria Bb Model Mouthpiece $250.00 Prelude Alto Saxophone Mouthpiece - $50.00 Prelude Tenor Saxophone Mouthpiece - $55.00 Professional Eb Clarinet Mouthpieces Prelude Bass Clarinet Mouthpiece - $150.00 Classic Eb Model Mouthpiece - $300.00 Aria Eb Model Mouthpiece - $250.00 HumidiPro Cases and Covers HumidiPro Cases HumidiPro Covers and “Ultra” Covers HumidiPro-Single Eb Clarinet - $290.00 HumidiPro Standard Small Case Cover - $120.00 HumidiPro-Single C Clarinet - $290.00 HumidiPro Standard Medium Case Cover - $150.00 HumidiPro-Single Bb Clarinet - $290.00 HumidiPro Standard Large Case Cover - $165.00 HumidiPro-Single A Clarinet - $290.00 HumidiPro “Ultra” Small Case Cover with Heating HumidiPro-A/Bb Double Clarinet - $390.00 Unit - $200.00 HumidiPro-A/Bb/Eb Clarinet Triple - $470.00 HumidiPro “Ultra” Medium Case Cover with Heating HumidiPro-Bass Clarinet to Low C, with A and Bb Unit - $230.00 Clarinet or Eb Clarinet Option - $890.00 HunidiPro “Ultra” Large Case Cover with Heating HumidiPro-Contra Eb -
The World Atlas of Musical Instruments
Musik_001-004_GB 15.03.2012 16:33 Uhr Seite 3 (5. Farbe Textschwarz Auszug) The World Atlas of Musical Instruments Illustrations Anton Radevsky Text Bozhidar Abrashev & Vladimir Gadjev Design Krassimira Despotova 8 THE CLASSIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS THE STUDY OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, their history, evolution, construction, and systematics is the subject of the science of organology. Its subject matter is enormous, covering practically the entire history of humankind and includes all cultural periods and civilizations. The science studies archaeological findings, the collections of ethnography museums, historical, religious and literary sources, paintings, drawings, and sculpture. Organology is indispensable for the development of specialized museum and amateur collections of musical instruments. It is also the science that analyzes the works of the greatest instrument makers and their schools in historical, technological, and aesthetic terms. The classification of instruments used for the creation and performance of music dates back to ancient times. In ancient Greece, for example, they were divided into two main groups: blown and struck. All stringed instruments belonged to the latter group, as the strings were “struck” with fingers or a plectrum. Around the second century B. C., a separate string group was established, and these instruments quickly acquired a leading role. A more detailed classification of the three groups – wind, percussion, and strings – soon became popular. At about the same time in China, instrument classification was based on the principles of the country’s religion and philosophy. Instruments were divided into eight groups depending on the quality of the sound and on the material of which they were made: metal, stone, clay, skin, silk, wood, gourd, and bamboo. -
Music in the World of Islam a Socio-Cultural Study
Music in the World of Islam A Socio-cultural study Arnnon Shiloah C OlAR SPRESS © Arnnon Shiloah, 1995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise withoııt the prior permission of the pııb lisher. Published in Great Britain by Scolar Press GowerHouse Croft Road Aldershat Hants GUll 31-IR England British Library Cataloguing in Pııblication Data Shiloah, Arnnon Music in the world of Islam: a socio-cultural study I. Title 306.4840917671 ISBN O 85967 961 6 Typeset in Sabon by Raven Typesetters, Chester and printed in Great Britain by Biddles Ltd, Guildford Thematic bibliography (references) Abbreviations AcM Acta Musicologica JAMS Journal of the American Musicological Society JbfMVV Jahrbuch für Musikalische Volks- und Völkerkunde JIFMC Journal of the International Fo lk Music Council JRAS Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society RE! Revue des Etudes Islamiques S!Mg Sammelbiinde der In temationale Musikgesellschaft TGUOS Transactions of the Glasgow University Oriental Society YIFMC Yearbook of the International Folk Music Council YFTM Yearbook for Traditional Music ZfMw Zeitschrift für Musikwissenschaft I. Bibliographical works (see also 76) 1. Waterman, R. A., W. Lichtenwanger, V. H. Hermann, 'Bibliography of Asiatic Musics', No tes, V, 1947-8,21, 178,354, 549; VI, 1948-9, 122,281,419, 570; VII, 1949-50,84,265,415, 613; VIII,1950-51, 100,322. 2. Saygun, A., 'Ethnomusicologie turque', AcM, 32, 1960,67-68. 3. Farmer, H. G., The Sources ofArabian Music, Leiden: Brill, 1965. 4. Arseven, V., Bibliography of Books and Essays on Turkish Folk Music, Istanbul, 1969 (in Turkish). -
Mary Gottschalk Cultures of the Middle East 220 Professor Abdelrahim Salih Final Paper Music in the Middle East
Gottschalk 1 Mary Gottschalk Cultures of the Middle East 220 Professor Abdelrahim Salih Final Paper Music in the Middle East The “Middle East” is a term to describe the areas of North Africa and East Asia, where there is a deep cultural history and diverse people, commonly grouped in this term for their cultural similarities. As with trade, information, and innovation, music and the arts moved and assimilated throughout the area. Music pervades the culture in aspects of religion, tradition, and entertainment, and differs according to various conceptions of music based within those religious and cultural ideals. This paper will discuss some of the similarities and differences in middle eastern music: in the instruments as they relate to location, conceptions as they are formed by Muslim doctrine, and traditions based in their respective time periods. Instruments / Place Musical instruments in the middle east range in the complexity, skill needed to play, and type. Broad classifications consist of percussion, bowed, plucked, and wind instruments (Touma 1996 109). A predominant stringed instrument is known as the ‟ud, which literally means “wood”, but it has many names and variations throughout the world (Miller and Shahriari 2006 204). The ‟ud, or al‟ud “…is a fretless, plucked short-necked lute with a body shaped like half a pear” (Touma 1996 109). Its history traces back to the eighth century BCE with changes in size and number of strings, and today is commonly seen with “…five „courses‟ of strings, a course being a pair tuned in unison” (Miller and Shahriari 2006 204). The lack of frets allows the musician to articulate fine gradations of tone, strumming with either a plectrum or fingernails over the middle of the „ud‟s body (Miller and Shahriari 2006 205). -
Song, State, Sawa Music and Political Radio Between the US and Syria
Song, State, Sawa Music and Political Radio between the US and Syria Beau Bothwell Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 © 2013 Beau Bothwell All rights reserved ABSTRACT Song, State, Sawa: Music and Political Radio between the US and Syria Beau Bothwell This dissertation is a study of popular music and state-controlled radio broadcasting in the Arabic-speaking world, focusing on Syria and the Syrian radioscape, and a set of American stations named Radio Sawa. I examine American and Syrian politically directed broadcasts as multi-faceted objects around which broadcasters and listeners often differ not only in goals, operating assumptions, and political beliefs, but also in how they fundamentally conceptualize the practice of listening to the radio. Beginning with the history of international broadcasting in the Middle East, I analyze the institutional theories under which music is employed as a tool of American and Syrian policy, the imagined youths to whom the musical messages are addressed, and the actual sonic content tasked with political persuasion. At the reception side of the broadcaster-listener interaction, this dissertation addresses the auditory practices, histories of radio, and theories of music through which listeners in the sonic environment of Damascus, Syria create locally relevant meaning out of music and radio. Drawing on theories of listening and communication developed in historical musicology and ethnomusicology, science and technology studies, and recent transnational ethnographic and media studies, as well as on theories of listening developed in the Arabic public discourse about popular music, my dissertation outlines the intersection of the hypothetical listeners defined by the US and Syrian governments in their efforts to use music for political ends, and the actual people who turn on the radio to hear the music. -
Hannah Kendall's the Spark Catchers Transcribed for Wind Ensemble: Expanding Women Composer's Representation in the Repertoire
Please do not remove this page Hannah Kendall's The Spark Catchers Transcribed for Wind Ensemble: Expanding Women Composer's Representation in the Repertoire Wood, F. Mack https://scholarship.miami.edu/discovery/delivery/01UOML_INST:ResearchRepository/12378719190002976?l#13378719180002976 Wood, F. M. (2021). Hannah Kendall’s The Spark Catchers Transcribed for Wind Ensemble: Expanding Women Composer’s Representation in the Repertoire [University of Miami]. https://scholarship.miami.edu/discovery/fulldisplay/alma991031569587802976/01UOML_INST:ResearchR epository Open Downloaded On 2021/09/27 07:36:10 -0400 Please do not remove this page UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI HANNAH KENDALL’S THE SPARK CATCHERS TRANSCRIBED FOR WIND ENSEMBLE: EXPANDING WOMEN COMPOSER’S REPRESENTATION IN THE REPERTOIRE By F. Mack Wood A LECTURE RECITAL ESSAY Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Miami in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts Coral Gables, Florida May 2021 ©2021 F. Mack Wood All Rights Reserved UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI A lecture recital essay submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts HANNAH KENDALL’S THE SPARK CATCHERS TRANSCRIBED FOR WIND ENSEMBLE: EXPANDING WOMEN COMPOSER’S REPRESENTATION IN THE REPERTOIRE F. Mack Wood Approved: ________________ _________________ Robert M. Carnochan, D.M.A. J. Steven Moore, D.M.A. Professor of Conducting Professor in Practice ________________ _________________ Jay C. Rees, M.M. Guillermo Prado, Ph.D. Professor of Music Dean of the Graduate School ________________ Dorothy Hindman, D.M.A. Associate Professor of Composition WOOD, F. MACK (D.M.A., Instrumental Performance) (May 2021) Hannah Kendall’s The Spark Catchers Transcribed for Wind Ensemble: Expanding Women Composers’ Representation in the Repertoire Abstract of a dissertation at the University of Miami. -
6028-Wind Plus Ltd-A4 Leaflet
Wind Plus Ltd WOODWIND AND BRASS ACCESSORIES Synthetic Woodwind Reeds Welcome to the world of hassle-free music with Légère synthetic reeds. Légère make both clarinet and 6.444 Clarinet swab ‘The Dryer Swab’ - saxophone reeds, used by some of the best players in the world to teach, perform, and record. They are Asymmetric shape giving maximum completely different from the plastic reeds you have tried before. The Légère synthetic woodwind reed is contact. Made from highly absorbent ready to play instantly, lasts for months, and sounds warm and woody like a great cane reed. brushed cotton. Unique Exchange/Refund policy for retail customers This unique scheme is designed to enable the player to try out or exchange reeds for a different strength at minimal cost. See inside reed package or our website for details. 6.540 Clarinet swab, brushed cotton - also Clarinet Reeds suitable for Sax crooks The warm woody sound of the Légère reed makes it the reed of choice for both professional and student musicians alike. 6.400 Clarinet swab, leather chamois Available for Bb, Eb, Bass and Contra Bass Clarinets. 6.800 Clarinet swab, cotton, handkerchief style, in four colours Student Clarinet Reeds Available in two strengths, 2 and 2.5, for Bb Clarinet. An ideal reed for the novice player. As with all Légère reeds, this reed doesn’t need moistening and is ready to play when you are. 6.001 Bass Clarinet swab, brushed cotton ‘a tune a day’ – also suitable for Sax Reeds The regular cut Sax reed is designed for a mellow sound and Alto/Tenor Sax is generally used for classical playing. -
An Ultrasonographic Observation of Saxophonists' Tongue Positions
An Ultrasonographic Observation of Saxophonists’ Tongue Positions While Producing Front F Pitch Bends by Ryan C. Lemoine A Research Paper Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Musical Arts Approved April 2016 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Joshua Gardner, Co-Chair Christopher Creviston, Co-Chair Sabine Feisst Robert Spring ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY May 2016 ©2016 Ryan C. Lemoine All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Voicing, as it pertains to saxophone pedagogy, presents certain obstacles to both teachers and students simply because we cannot visually assess the internal mechanics of the vocal tract. The teacher is then left to instruct based on subjective “feel” which can lead to conflicting instruction, and in some cases, misinformation. In an effort to expand the understanding and pedagogical resources available, ten subjects—comprised of graduate-level and professional-level saxophonists— performed varied pitch bend tasks while their tongue motion was imaged ultrasonographically and recorded. Tongue range of motion was measured from midsagittal tongue contours extracted from the ultrasound data using a superimposed polar grid. The results indicate variations in how saxophonists shape their tongues in order to produce pitch bends from F6. i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge and thank the saxophonist who volunteered their time to make this study possible. Also a special thanks to the members of my doctoral committee: Joshua Gardner, Christopher Creviston, Sabine Feisst, and Robert Spring. They have all been sources of encouragement and inspiration, not only during these final stages of my degree process, but for the duration of my studies at Arizona State University. -
Tarih Boyunca Türk Askeri Müziğinde Kullanilan Sazlar
i T.C. SELÇUK ÜNøVERSøTESø SOSYAL Bø/øMLERø ENSTøTÜSÜ MÜZøK ANABø/øM DALI TÜRK SANAT MÜZøöø Bø/øM DALI TARøH BOYUNCA TÜRK ASKERø MÜZøöøNDE KULLANILAN SAZLAR Süleyman YARDIM YÜKSEK LøSANS TEZø DanÕúman Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sema SEVøNÇ Konya – 2010 ii T.C. SELÇUK ÜNøVERSøTESø Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlü÷ü %ø/øMSEL ETøK SAYFASI Bu tezin proje safhasÕndan sonuçlanmasÕna kadarki bütün süreçlerde bilimsel eti÷e ve akademik kurallara özenle riayet edildi÷ini, tez içindeki bütün bilgilerin etik davranÕú ve akademik kurallar çerçevesinde elde edilerek sunuldu÷unu, ayrÕca tez yazÕm kurallarÕna uygun olarak hazÕrlanan bu çalÕúmada baúkalarÕQÕn eserlerinden yararlanÕlmasÕ durumunda bilimsel kurallara uygun olarak atÕf yapÕldÕ÷ÕQÕ bildiririm. Süleyman YARDIM iii T.C. SELÇUK ÜNøVERSøTESø Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlü÷ü YÜKSEK LøSANS TEZø KABUL FORMU Süleyman YARDIM tarafÕndan hazÕrlanan Tarih Boyunca Türk Askeri Müzi÷inde KullanÕlan Sazlar baúOÕklÕ bu çalÕúma, tarihinde yapÕlan savunma sÕnavÕ sonucunda oybirli÷i/oyçoklu÷u ile baúarÕOÕ bulunarak, jürimiz tarafÕndan yüksek lisans tezi olarak kabul edilmiútir. DanÕúman Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sema SEVøNÇ jüri jüri Prof. Yusuf AKBULUT Yrd. Doç. Dr. Serdar ÇAKIRER iv TEùEKKÜR Yüksek lisans e÷itimim boyunca desteklerini hiç esirgemeyen tez danÕúman hocam Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sema SEVøÇ’ e, bu tezin baúlangÕFÕndan bugüne kadar gelemsinde sonsuz deste÷i bulunan sevgili hocam Prof. Yusuf AKBULUT’ a, ilk tez danÕúmanÕm ve konu seçiminde bana yardÕmcÕ olan hocam Yrd. Doç. Hamit ÖNAL’A, tezi hazÕrlamamda büyük yardÕmlarÕQÕ gördü÷üm Kültür ve Turizm BakanlÕ÷Õ Klasik Türk Müzi÷i ses sanatçÕVÕ Timuçin ÇEVøKOöLU beyefendi’ye ve bu tezin son haline gelmesinde bana yardÕmlarÕQÕ hiç esirgemeyen arkadaúÕm Arú. Gör. Murat CAN’ a sonsuz teúekkürlerimi sunarÕm. -
1 Understanding Different Interactions of Coffee, Tobacco and Opium Culture in the Lands of Ottoman Empire in the Light of the P
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Istanbul Bilgi University Library Open Access UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENT INTERACTIONS OF COFFEE, TOBACCO AND OPIUM CULTURE IN THE LANDS OF OTTOMAN EMPIRE IN THE LIGHT OF THE PIPES OBTAINED IN EXCAVATIONS ERTUĞRUL SÜNGÜ İSTANBUL BİLGİ UNIVERSITY 2014 1 UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENT INTERACTIONS OF COFFEE, TOBACCO AND OPIUM CULTURE IN THE LANDS OF OTTOMAN EMPIRE IN THE LIGHT OF THE PIPES OBTAINED IN EXCAVATIONS Thesis submitted to the Institute for Social Sciences In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History By Ertuğrul Süngü İSTANBUL BİLGİ UNIVERSITY 2014 2 3 An abstract of the thesis submitted by Ertuğrul Süngü, for the degree of Master of Arts in History from the Institute of Social Sciences to be taken in September 2014 Title: Understanding Different Interactions of Coffee, Tobacco and Opium Culture in the Lands of Ottoman Empire in the Light of the Pipes Obtained in Excavations This M.A. thesis mainly focuses on tobacco introduced to the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century and along with tobacco, it questions how pipe making shaped the everyday life in the Empire both socially and culturally. This inventory, better known as Tophane pipe making, came out in a large part of the Ottoman Empire in different ways according to its period, region and production style. In a short span of time, tobacco spread to a large part of the empire, was first consumed as a remedy and soon after as a stimulating substance. The variety in the usage of opium, the consumption of wine despite its being banned, and especially the excessive consumption of coffee by almost everyone paved the way for tobacco. -
A Performer's Guide to Multimedia Compositions for Clarinet and Visuals: a Tutorial Focusing on Works by Joel Chabade, Merrill Ellis, William O
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Major Papers Graduate School 2003 A performer's guide to multimedia compositions for clarinet and visuals: a tutorial focusing on works by Joel Chabade, Merrill Ellis, William O. Smith, and Reynold Weidenaar. Mary Alice Druhan Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_majorpapers Part of the Music Commons Recommended Citation Druhan, Mary Alice, "A performer's guide to multimedia compositions for clarinet and visuals: a tutorial focusing on works by Joel Chabade, Merrill Ellis, William O. Smith, and Reynold Weidenaar." (2003). LSU Major Papers. 36. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_majorpapers/36 This Major Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Major Papers by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A PERFORMER’S GUIDE TO MULTIMEDIA COMPOSITIONS FOR CLARINET AND VISUALS: A TUTORIAL FOCUSING ON WORKS BY JOEL CHADABE, MERRILL ELLIS, WILLIAM O. SMITH, AND REYNOLD WEIDENAAR A Written Document Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts in The School of Music by Mary Alice Druhan B.M., Louisiana State University, 1993 M.M., University of Cincinnati