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Brachychiton Rupestris (T TAXON: Brachychiton rupestris (T. SCORE: 1.0 RATING: Evaluate Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. Taxon: Brachychiton rupestris (T. Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Family: Malvaceae Schum. Common Name(s): bottletree Synonym(s): Delabechea rupestris T. Mitch. ex Lindl. narrow-leaf bottletree Queensland bottletree Queensland rattletree Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 3 Jan 2018 WRA Score: 1.0 Designation: EVALUATE Rating: Evaluate Keywords: Tropical Tree, Fodder, Ornamental, Drought-Tolerant, Slow Growing Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 n 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n Creation Date: 3 Jan 2018 (Brachychiton rupestris (T. Page 1 of 16 Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. ) TAXON: Brachychiton rupestris (T. SCORE: 1.0 RATING: Evaluate Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone 410 y=1, n=0 y conditions if not a volcanic island) 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 n 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs 504 y=1, n=0 n -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native 601 y=1, n=0 n habitat 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 y 604 Self-compatible or apomictic 605 Requires specialist pollinators 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 n 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 >3 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants 701 y=1, n=-1 n growing in heavily trafficked areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 706 Propagules bird dispersed 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 802 yr) 803 Well controlled by herbicides 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced 805 biocontrol agents) Creation Date: 3 Jan 2018 (Brachychiton rupestris (T. Page 2 of 16 Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. ) TAXON: Brachychiton rupestris (T. SCORE: 1.0 RATING: Evaluate Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. Supporting Data: Qsn # Question Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? n Source(s) Notes Anderson, E. 2016. Plants of Central Queensland: [No evidence of domestication] "Aborigines ate the roots of young Identification and Uses of Native and Introduced Species. plants of narrow-leaved bottletree. They also ate the gummy CSIRO Publishing, Clayton South, Australia secretions that discharged from wounds made in the trunk." 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2017. Personal Communication NA 103 Does the species have weedy races? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2017. Personal Communication NA Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" Source(s) Notes Anderson, E. 2016. Plants of Central Queensland: "In subcoastal and semi-arid regions of Queensland between Identification and Uses of Native and Introduced Species. latitudes 22°S and 28°S and west to the 500 mm annual rainfall CSIRO Publishing, Clayton South, Australia isohyet." USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. "Native: 2017. National Plant Germplasm System [Online Australasia Database]. http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/index.html. Australia: Australia - Queensland" [Accessed 29 Dec 2017] 202 Quality of climate match data High Source(s) Notes USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. 2017. National Plant Germplasm System [Online Database]. http://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/index.html. [Accessed 29 Dec 2017] 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y Source(s) Notes "A plant of the subtropical to tropical regions of Australia, it can Useful Tropical Plants Database. 2018. Brachychiton tolerate a range of climates although it may be slow growing in rupestris. http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php? cooler climes. It grows in a climate with plenty of rain in the wet id=Brachychiton+rupestris. [Accessed 2 Jan 2018] season, but this is followed by a long dry season[385]. Plants can tolerate occasional frosts with temperatures as low as -7°c[385]." Creation Date: 3 Jan 2018 (Brachychiton rupestris (T. Page 3 of 16 Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. ) TAXON: Brachychiton rupestris (T. SCORE: 1.0 RATING: Evaluate Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. Qsn # Question Answer Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y subtropical climates Source(s) Notes Anderson, E. 2016. Plants of Central Queensland: "In subcoastal and semi-arid regions of Queensland between Identification and Uses of Native and Introduced Species. latitudes 22°S and 28°S and west to the 500 mm annual rainfall CSIRO Publishing, Clayton South, Australia isohyet." Does the species have a history of repeated 205 y introductions outside its natural range? Source(s) Notes Australian National Botanic Gardens and Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. 2015. Growing "It has been cultivated in southern Australia for many decades and Native Plants. Brachychiton rupestris. can be seen as an ornamental feature around the world." http://www.anbg.gov.au/gnp/interns-2005/brachychiton- rupestris.html. [Accessed 29 Dec 2017] "This plant has been said to grow in the following regions: Casa Dave's Garden. 2018. Narrow-leaf Bottletree, Queensland Grande, Arizona Golden Valley, Arizona Phoenix, Arizona Bottle Tree, Australian Bottle Tree, Queensland Kurrajong. Scottsdale, Arizona Tucson, Arizona (2 reports) Yuma, Arizona Brachychiton rupestris. Bonsall, California Brawley, California Clayton, California Fairfield, https://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/go/482/. [Accessed 2 California Hayward, California Reseda, California Brooksville, Jan 2018] Florida Cocoa, Florida Dunnellon, Florida Port Richey, Florida Saint Petersburg, Florida Las Vegas, Nevada Austin, Texas" 301 Naturalized beyond native range n Source(s) Notes Wilcox, M., Bradshaw, C., & Cameron, E. (2004). Woody "List of woody plants in the Auckland Domain" [Includes plants of the Auckland Domain. Blumea, 18, 431-440 Brachychiton rupestris. No evidence of naturalization] Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R.& Lorence, D.H. 2018. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands. Smithsonian Institution, No evidence to date Washington, D.C. http://botany.si.edu/. [Accessed 2 Jan 2018] Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species. 2018. Present in India. No evidence of naturalization or impacts [India Brachychiton rupestris. http://griis.org/. [Accessed 2 Jan Editors (2016)] 2018] 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall Creation Date: 3 Jan 2018 (Brachychiton rupestris (T. Page 4 of 16 Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. ) TAXON: Brachychiton rupestris (T. SCORE: 1.0 RATING: Evaluate Mitch. ex Lindl.) K. Schum. Qsn # Question Answer 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall 304 Environmental weed n Source(s) Notes Randall, R.P. (2017). A Global Compendium of Weeds. 3rd No evidence Edition. Perth, Western Australia. R.P. Randall 305 Congeneric weed y Source(s) Notes "The highest density of kurrajongs (69.3 trees haʹϭͿwas observed in the most disturbed area of Kings Park, and there was a strong relationship between density of B. populneus and disturbance (P = Buist, M., Yates, C. J., & Ladd, P. G. (2000). Ecological 0.058)...Brachychiton populneus appears to have become a weed in characteristics of Brachychiton populneus (Sterculiaceae Kings Park because, first, it is dispersed widely into new sites through (kurrajong) in relation to the invasion of urban bushland in the foraging behaviour of vertebrates and once germinated has no south western Australia. Austral Ecology, 25(5), 487-496 grazing pressure, and, second, its development of a root tuber and ability to resprout means the seedlings are resilient in this frequently disturbed Mediterranean environment." "This species is regarded as an environmental weed in those parts of New South Wales that are beyond its native range.
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