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LEED Terminology Alphabet Soup! LEED Terminology Alphabet Soup! LEED Green Associate Prep Course • ODP – Ozone Depletion Potential • GWP – Global Warming Potential • CFC – chlorofluorocarbon • HCFC - hydrochlorofluorocarbon • HFC – hydrofluorocarbon • Halon – gas used in fire suppression systems • Natural Refrigerants – naturally occurring substances, CO2, NH3, H2O, HC, Air, that are environmentally benign • Montreal Protocol – an International Treaty that protects the ozone layer by banning CFCs and phasing out HCFCs • Heat Island Effect – absorption of heat by hardscapes (roofs, buildings, pavement) • Green Roofs – a roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane ; or roofs that use some form of "green" technology, such as a cool roof (white), or a roof with PV modules • SRI – Solar Reflectance Index, a measure of how well a material rejects solar heat on an index from 0 to 100 • Emissivity – the relative ability of a material’s surface to release absorbed heat • Reflectivity – the ability of a material to reflect • Albedo – a measure of how strongly an object reflects light from light sources such as the sun • Pervious – % of paving material that is open • Impervious – resistance of a material to penetration by a liquid • VOC – Volatile Organic Compound, carbon compounds that vaporize at normal room temperatures • MERV – Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value, indicates the efficiency of air filters • SCAQMD – South Coast Air Quality Management District (VOCs for adhesives and sealants) • SMACNA – Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association (indoor air quality) • CIBSE – Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (London, England; natural ventilation systems) • Blackwater – wastewater from toilets and urinals, sometimes kitchen sinks, showers and bathtubs • Greywater – domestic wastewater sources such as kitchens, bathrooms, laundry sinks, tubs, washers • Potable Water – meets EPA’s drinking water quality standards • Non-potable Water • gpf – Gallons per Flush • gpm – Gallons per Minute LEED Terminology Alphabet Soup! LEED Green Associate Prep Course • Flush, Low-flow, Dual flush fixtures • ASHRAE – American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers • 55-2004 (ventilation, thermal comfort) • 62.1-2004 (indoor air quality) • 90.1-2007 (energy use) • Fossil Fuel – peat, coal, crude oil, natural gas • REC – Renewable Energy Certificate • CFL – Compact Fluorescent Lamp • Btu – British Thermal Unit • Cx – Commissioning • Eligible On-site Power Generation – Photovoltaic, wind, solar thermal, biofuel electric, geothermal heating and electric • Green Power – Wind, Solar, Hydro • Off-Site Power Generation – green power or conventional power generated elsewhere • PV – Photovoltaic • Waste Diversion – Amount kept out of landfills or incineration, expressed in tons – reuse & recycling • Regional Materials – Extracted, processed and manufactured within 500 miles of the project site • Salvaged Materials – Items recovered from existing buildings or construction sites and reused • Reuse – Building materials returned to active use, expressed as a % of cost of a building • Recycled Content – % of a material that is recycled • Pre-Consumer Recycled Content – Recycled from manufacturing waste • Post-Consumer Recycled Content – Consumer waste • FSC – Forest Stewardship Council • Certified Wood – Comes from a responsibly managed forest • Rapidly Renewable Materials – 10 years or less to grow or raise • Hard Costs – actual construction costs, land, bricks & mortar of the project • Soft Costs – costs not directly related to building and construction, ex: fees • Operating Costs – costs for running/maintaining a building – important in life cycle assessment & EBOM LEED 2009 & Carbon Footprint LEED Green Associate Prep Course Terms Definitions What is the difference between the Oxygen we Ozone is a form of oxygen, with each molecule consisting of three atoms of breath and the ozone in the oxygen O3 , The oxygen we breathe contains two atoms, O2 earths stratosphere Describe the difference Good Ozone like the stratosphere protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet between good and bad rays from the sun, Bad Ozone. Like the Troposphere is considered unwanted ozone ozone because it is a pollutant. Once a CFC molecule is in the stratosphere, Ultraviolet radiation will break off a chlorine atom ( Cl ) from the CFC or HCFC molecule. The chlorine atom can Explain ozone depletion destroy up to 100,000 ozone molecules. The depletion of Ozone lets more UV- resulting from CFC B radiation reach the earth witch causes an increase in skin cancer and an molecules in the air increase in the frequency of cataracts in humans and animals, a weakening in the human immune system and a decrease in plant and marina life. Which refrigerants have a 0 HFC's and HC have an ozone depletion Potential of 0 ODP Global Warming is the increase in the natural greenhouse effect that leads to What is Global Warming heating of the Earth Which refrigerants contribute All refrigerants contribute to global warming; only some do it indirect like HFC's to global warming and HC's whereas other CFC's and HCFC's contribute directly GWP's are given to refrigerant that cause a direct effect of global warming, What is a GWP chemicals that are emitted directly into the atmosphere. Direct effects of global warming are measured by comparing them to CO2, which has an GWP of 1 The difference between an ODP and GWP is: Not every refrigerant has an ODP, The ODP is a number given to a refrigerant that says how strong a What is The difference refrigerant causes ozone depletion in the stratosphere, whereas all refrigerant between an ODP and GWP have a GWP, CFC HCFC and HFC as well as CO2 water vapor and may other chemicals absorb reflect and refract the earths infrared radiation and prevent it from escaping the lower atmosphere. Direct global warming is the effect cause by a refrigerant leaking to the environment which gets caught in the lower atmosphere and causes a What is direct and indirect greenhouse effect whereas indirect global warming is cause by the refrigerant cause of global warming leak causing longer system run time which needs more electrical power to run, and el. Power is made from fossil fuels and other substances that also contribute to global warming The total equivalent warming impact (TEWI) takes into consideration both the What is TEWI direct and indirect global warming effects of refrigerants. LEED 2009 & Carbon Footprint LEED Green Associate Prep Course CFC's contain chlorine fluorine and carbon molecules and are considered the most damaging refrigerants to the stratosphere. They have a very stable What is a CFC chemical structure and a long life when exposed to the atmosphere. This allows them to blow up to the stratosphere by atmospherically winds and react with ozone molecules and cause destruction. HCFC's are the second group of refrigerants that are commonly used. These refrigerants contain hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine and carbon. These refrigerants What is a HCFC tend to have a much smaller ozone depletion because the hydrogen in the compound makes them less stable in the atmosphere, releasing the chlorine before it reaches and reacts with the ozone in the stratosphere. HFC's are the third group of refrigerants that contain no chlorine atoms and will not deplete the Earth’s protective ozone layer. HFC's are made up of What is a HFC Hydrogen, Fluorine, and Carbon atoms. HFC's have a 0 Ozone Depletion (ODP) and a small Global Warming Potential. HFC's are said to be the long- term replacement for CFC's and HCFC's. HC's are the fourth group of refrigerants that are not commonly used because they are flammable. They are made up of Hydrogen and Carbon atoms and the have a 0 ODP. They do however contribute to Global Warming. A small percent What is a HC of HC refrigerants are use in refrigerators and are not flammable when mixed in such small percentages. Some Popular HC's are Propane, Butane, Methane, and Ethane. Why are CFC more harmful CFC's have no hydrogen which makes them a stable compound when to the stratosphere than compared to HCFC which have hydrogen and chlorine. Hydrogen is unstable HCFCs and tends to break down faster. Do HFC contribute to global warming and do they HFC do not damage the ozone layer but still contribute to global warming damage the ozone layer? What is The Montreal A conference that was held in Canada in 1987 to attempt to solve the problems Protocol of released refrigerants What agency of government is charged with implementing EPA the US clean air act amendments of 1990? Reference: http://quizlet.com/3874344/hvac-flash-cards/ LEED 2009 & Carbon Footprint LEED Green Associate Prep Course Credits now have different weightings depending on their ability to impact different environmental and human health concerns. The first step in assigning credit weightings was to determine the relative urgency each environmental impact currently bears. The impact categories come from the EPA’s TRACI list of environmental impacts. Each credit was evaluated against a list of 13 environmental impact categories, including climate change, indoor environmental quality, resource depletion and water intake, among many others. The impact categories were prioritized, and credits were assigned a value based on how they contributed to mitigating each impact. The result revealed each credit’s portion of the big picture, giving the most value to credits that have the highest
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