Color Inheritance in the Horse
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Pathological Morphology of Cattle Leptospirosis in Kazakhstan
Global Veterinaria 12 (1): 121-124, 2014 ISSN 1992-6197 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.01.1144 Pathological Morphology of Cattle Leptospirosis in Kazakhstan G.B. Kuzembekova, Zh.S. Kirkimbayeva, A.Z. Maulanov, N.B. Sarsembaeva and A.E. Paritova Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Abstract: This article presents pathologic changes in spontaneous leptospirosis in cattle owned by private individuals in settlements in South Kazakhstan and a dairy farm in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan during 2010-2012. The pathoanatomical situation was characterized by degeneration of the parenchymal organs, especially kidneys and liver, strongly evident haemorrhagic diathesis with multiple haemorrhages in kidneys, liver and lung epi- and endocardium. Histological analysis found marked necrobiotic and necrotic effects in kidneys and liver of the dairy cows. Key words: Cows Leptospirosis Leptospira Pathological morphology INTRODUCTION and rejection of livestock products at meat processing plants and reduced fertility, as well as expenditure of In many countries, including Kazakhstan, increasing significant funds for diagnostic, preventive, curative and the quantity and quality of meat and dairy products, while quarantine and restrictive measures [8-12]. reducing the costs and the use of biological resources of Animals of all age groups can be affected by agricultural animals, is an important task of agricultural leptospirosis, but young animals are affected more often sector. So, for example, in Kazakhstan, the project of beef and with higher morbidity. The disease usually manifests export potential development has been set by the national itself in the grazing period following watering of animals government. As part of this project, during the next five from open ponds of stagnant water, or grazing on pasture years, about 72,000 units of highbred cattle from the wetlands. -
Preface to Artificial Key to Common and Noteworthy Species of Inocybe from the Pacific Northwest
Preface to Artificial Key to Common and Noteworthy Species of Inocybe from the Pacific Northwest This key is aimed at an audience familiar with the determination of agarics in general but unfamiliar with Inocybe. The key stresses gross morphological characters as I think appropriate before yielding to taxa that are better distinguished microscopically. 43 species are enumerated below and several others are mentioned, but probably over 100 occur in the Pacific Northwest, a region circumscribed to include British Columbia, Washington, Idaho, western Montana, Oregon, and northern California. Of the 43 species in the key, few are endemic to the region based on gross morphological species concepts. However, the key is recommended for use with Pacific Northwest material. Many eastern North American species of Inocybe, for example, do not occur in the Pacific Northwest and are excluded from this treatment. The genus Inocybe (Fr.) Fr. traditionally has encompassed dull brown-spored agarics that are ectomycorrhizal and frequently occur on soil; exhibit a dry pileus that is often rimose, fibrillose, or scaly; and have a distinctive smell that is often spermatic or less often fruity, sweet, aromatic, like bruised Geranium leaves, like Lycoperdon, or green corn. Species of Hebeloma differ by their gelatinous pileus, often radish smell, typically verrucose basidiospores, and absence of metuloid cystidia. Decomposers such as Phaeomarasmius and Flammulaster differ by their occurrence on woody debris and lack of metuloid cystidia. The Crepidotaceae, including Pleuroflammula and Simocybe, is the closest related group to Inocybe, which I treat as a separate family in its own right (see Matheny et al. (2006) Mycologia 98:982- 995). -
Chronic Liver Disease and Complications 0615-01
Chronic Liver Disease and Complications www.weilab.com 0615-01 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinicopathological term that encompasses a disease spectrum ranging from triglycerides and other fat accumulations in hepatocytes (hepatic steatosis) to steatohepatitis with inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. It is believed that NAFLD is the cause of many chronic conditions including type II diabetes, cardiovascular and athroskelerosis which is the leading cause of death in the US, brain and neurologic problem such as stroke and Parkinson’s. NAFLD is the biggest health concern now affecting 20% (32 millions) of Americans. Recent studies support a “two-hit” model to explain the progression of NAFLD. The “first hit” constitutes the deposition of triglycerides in the cytoplasm of the hepatocyte. The disease does not progress unless additional cellular events occur (the “second hit”) that promote inflammation, cell death, and fibrosis, which are the histologic hallmarks of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 1) The First Hit: Hepatic Steatosis or Fatty Liver Hepatic Steatosis, or fatty liver is characterized by excess fat especially triglycerides built up in liver cells. The liver is one of the major organs to synthesize triglycerides as the body's energy supply and cholesterol which function for bile, Vitamin D, hormones production and cell membrane support. Its synthesis is under feedback regulation through activation and deactivation of the sterol receptor element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). The abnormally increased activation of this protein causes over production of cellular lipids resulting in accumulation of excessive fat in the liver. Research has shown that malnutrition, especially a deficiency of choline and a high fructose diet with a high degree of sweetness such as high fructose corn syrup found in our processed food upregulate SREBP-1c activation and is believed to be the major cause of fatty liver. -
The Bedlington Terrier Club of America, Inc
1 The Bedlington Terrier Club of America, Inc The Bedlington Terrier Illustrated Breed Standard with Judges and Breeders Discussion 2 This Illustrated Breed Standard is dedicated to every student of the breed seeking knowledge for judging, breeding, showing or performance. We hope this gives you a springboard for your quest to understand this lovely and unusual terrier. Linda Freeman, Managing Editor Copyright, 2010 Bedlington Terrier Club of America, Inc. 3 Table of Contents Breed Standard………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4 History of the Breed………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5 General Appearance……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………6 Head………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………7 Eyes…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….8 Ears………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….9 Nose………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….10 Jaws……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….10 Teeth……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………11 Neck and Shoulders……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12 Body………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………12 Legs – Front…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………….16 Legs – Rear……………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………..17 Feet……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….18 Tail…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………18 Coat and Color……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….20 Height -
Official Standard of the French Bulldog General Appearance
Official Standard of the French Bulldog General Appearance: The French Bulldog has the appearance of an active, intelligent, muscular dog of heavy bone, smooth coat, compactly built, and of medium or small structure. Expression alert, curious, and interested. Any alteration other than removal of dewclaws is considered mutilation and is a disqualification. Proportion and Symmetry - All points are well distributed and bear good relation one to the other; no feature being in such prominence from either excess or lack of quality that the animal appears poorly proportioned. Influence of Sex - In comparing specimens of different sex, due allowance is to be made in favor of bitches, which do not bear the characteristics of the breed to the same marked degree as do the dogs. Size, Proportion, Substance: Weight not to exceed 28 pounds; over 28 pounds is a disqualification. Proportion - Distance from withers to ground in good relation to distance from withers to onset of tail, so that animal appears compact, well balanced and in good proportion. Substance - Muscular, heavy bone. Head: Head large and square. Eyes dark in color, wide apart, set low down in the skull, as far from the ears as possible, round in form, of moderate size, neither sunken nor bulging. In lighter colored dogs, lighter colored eyes are acceptable. No haw and no white of the eye showing when looking forward. Ears Known as the bat ear, broad at the base, elongated, with round top, set high on the head but not too close together, and carried erect with the orifice to the front. The leather of the ear fine and soft. -
Whc Program Deadlines!
November 2017 2 Mission Statement WHC PROGRAM DEADLINES! 3 WSHCEF 4 GOP, Equine Industry Canter Toward Tax Reform - AHC It is that time of year again! Time to wind down Class yet another year and start thinking about 65 Horse2017 Trail Owners Master Can Certification Ensure Fall submitting your applications, nominations and Equine Wellness 7 Middle Inlet Horse Camp hour logs for the many WHC programs! 8 Northern Saddle Club Trail Farm Fundraiser Meets Goal Please take a moment to mark your calendars 9 HorseGrant UpdatePasture / Care Horse in FallRescue Can Pay Off All Year with the list of WHC Program deadline dates 10 JCDHA shown below. Some program submission deadlines include the WHC 11 Guest Worker Visa Reform Gains Momentum - AHC Annual Awards nomination forms, Scholarship applications, Sponsorship/ 12 Grant applications, Trail Grant applications, Ride Wisconsin Trail Ride/Drive 13 Midwest Horse Fair Classified Ads / EDCC Program Hour Logs, etc. Please don’t miss out on participating in our 14 Trail Reviews programs due to simply missing a deadline! 16 WHC Sponsorship / Grant 15 TrailProgram Reviews Information (cont.) 17 Events / “Did You Know?” WHC Equine of the Year Nomination Deadline - 12/1/17 Calendar of Upcoming 18 Annual Award Nominations Annual Awards Program Nomination Deadline - 1/10/18 Now Open Sponsorship/Grants Program Submission Deadline - 1/31/18 19 SPECIAL CUT & FOLD! Equine Owners - $1 Million Ride WI! Trail Ride/Drive Program Hour Logs Due - 1/31/18 Making a Difference for Trail Grant Submission Deadline - 2/1/18 -
Fiesta 2021 Call for Entries Due April 1, 2021
RULES FOR SUBMISSION OF Fiesta 2021 White on White +1 Challenge Call for Entries 1. Work must have been completed by Due April 1, 2021 entrant before April 1, 2021. 2. Please label each piece with your name, White on White +1 address, and the title of the piece. Challenge 3. All entries must be finished and ready to Sponsored by: display. Albuquerque Fiber Arts Council 4. Flat Items are limited to 60 inches as measured by height plus width. Must The White on White +1 Challenge provide item with a hanging sleeve, rod consists of the use of any and/or frame. recommended color of white ranging from White, Lead White, Ivory, Silver, 5. Three dimensional items can no more Whitewash, Isabelline, Chalk and Beige. than 24 inches high. Must provide a The +1 Color can be any value of one‐ stand. color ranging from very dark to light. 6. Wearables must provide a stand/frame Multiple values may be used if it is one or form. color. The Challenge is open to any current 7. Entrants must enter electronically in which case the photo will be attached to member of a Participating Guild. the electronic entry. Entry will be in a Jurying will be by persons designated by separate section designated for the challenge. Mail in entries will not be the Albuquerque Fiber Arts Council. accepted. There is no entry fee for this Challenge. 8. A confirmation letter will be sent by Entrants are limited to 1 entry. April 15, 2021 with detailed instructions for entry submittal. 9. -
Sporting Group Study Guide Naturally Active and Alert, Sporting Dogs Make Likeable, Well-Rounded Companions
Sporting Group Study Guide Naturally active and alert, Sporting dogs make likeable, well-rounded companions. Remarkable for their instincts in water and woods, many of these breeds actively continue to participate in hunting and other field activities. Potential owners of Sporting dogs need to realize that most require regular, invigorating exercise. The breeds of the AKC Sporting Group were all developed to assist hunters of feathered game. These “sporting dogs” (also referred to as gundogs or bird dogs) are subdivided by function—that is, how they hunt. They are spaniels, pointers, setters, retrievers, and the European utility breeds. Of these, spaniels are generally considered the oldest. Early authorities divided the spaniels not by breed but by type: either water spaniels or land spaniels. The land spaniels came to be subdivided by size. The larger types were the “springing spaniel” and the “field spaniel,” and the smaller, which specialized on flushing woodcock, was known as a “cocking spaniel.” ~~How many breeds are in this group? 31~~ 1. American Water Spaniel a. Country of origin: USA (lake country of the upper Midwest) b. Original purpose: retrieve from skiff or canoes and work ground c. Other Names: N/A d. Very Brief History: European immigrants who settled near the great lakes depended on the region’s plentiful waterfowl for sustenance. The Irish Water Spaniel, the Curly-Coated Retriever, and the now extinct English Water Spaniel have been mentioned in histories as possible component breeds. e. Coat color/type: solid liver, brown or dark chocolate. A little white on toes and chest is permissible. -
Aberrant Plumages in Grebes Podicipedidae
André Konter Aberrant plumages in grebes Podicipedidae An analysis of albinism, leucism, brown and other aberrations in all grebe species worldwide Aberrant plumages in grebes Podicipedidae in grebes plumages Aberrant Ferrantia André Konter Travaux scientifiques du Musée national d'histoire naturelle Luxembourg www.mnhn.lu 72 2015 Ferrantia 72 2015 2015 72 Ferrantia est une revue publiée à intervalles non réguliers par le Musée national d’histoire naturelle à Luxembourg. Elle fait suite, avec la même tomaison, aux TRAVAUX SCIENTIFIQUES DU MUSÉE NATIONAL D’HISTOIRE NATURELLE DE LUXEMBOURG parus entre 1981 et 1999. Comité de rédaction: Eric Buttini Guy Colling Edmée Engel Thierry Helminger Mise en page: Romain Bei Design: Thierry Helminger Prix du volume: 15 € Rédaction: Échange: Musée national d’histoire naturelle Exchange MNHN Rédaction Ferrantia c/o Musée national d’histoire naturelle 25, rue Münster 25, rue Münster L-2160 Luxembourg L-2160 Luxembourg Tél +352 46 22 33 - 1 Tél +352 46 22 33 - 1 Fax +352 46 38 48 Fax +352 46 38 48 Internet: http://www.mnhn.lu/ferrantia/ Internet: http://www.mnhn.lu/ferrantia/exchange email: [email protected] email: [email protected] Page de couverture: 1. Great Crested Grebe, Lake IJssel, Netherlands, April 2002 (PCRcr200303303), photo A. Konter. 2. Red-necked Grebe, Tunkwa Lake, British Columbia, Canada, 2006 (PGRho200501022), photo K. T. Karlson. 3. Great Crested Grebe, Rotterdam-IJsselmonde, Netherlands, August 2006 (PCRcr200602012), photo C. van Rijswik. Citation: André Konter 2015. - Aberrant plumages in grebes Podicipedidae - An analysis of albinism, leucism, brown and other aberrations in all grebe species worldwide. Ferrantia 72, Musée national d’histoire naturelle, Luxembourg, 206 p. -
Remaining Parts
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328274934 A taxonomic survey of the Peniophoraceae Mathias Andreasen & Nils Hallenberg Synopsis Fungorum, Volume 26 By: Leif Ryvarden(Editor) Article · May 2009 CITATIONS READS 7 246 2 authors, including: Mathias Andreasen Norwegian Institute for Nature Research 4 PUBLICATIONS 32 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Lophiostomataceae (Plesporales, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota) of Norway; a taxonomic and phylogenetic study of selected taxa View project Pyrenomycetes of Norway View project All content following this page was uploaded by Mathias Andreasen on 10 January 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. A taxonomic survey of the Peniophoraceae Mathias Andreasen [email protected] & Nils Hallenberg [email protected] Dept of Plant and Environmental Sciences Box 461, S-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden Introduction This work is a literature study of peniophoroid basidiomycetes, holding information about the genera Peniophora, Duportella and Dendrophora concerning species- and generic descriptions and distributions, all on a worldwide scale. Moreover, keys have been made to distinguish the different genera and species, and we have tried to get an overview over the molecular studies made on this group of fungi. It is generally accepted that the genus Peniophora Cooke is a member of the Corticiaceae s.l. in its traditional sense (Wu 2003). Cortbase recognizes 78 species in Peniophora, 12 species in Duportella and 2 in Dendrophora (Cortbase 2008), but some species are little known and may just have been found once, while other ones are very closely related and difficult to distinguish even by use of the microscope. -
Fatty Liver Diet Guidelines
Fatty Liver Diet Guidelines What is Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)? NAFLD is the buildup of fat in the liver in people who drink little or no alcohol. NAFLD can lead to NASH (Non- Alcoholic Steatohepatitis) where fat deposits can cause inflammation and damage to the liver. NASH can progress to cirrhosis (end-stage liver disease). Treatment for NAFLD • Weight loss o Weight loss is the most important change you can make to reduce fat in the liver o A 500 calorie deficit/day is recommended or a total weight loss of 7-10% of your body weight o A healthy rate of weight loss is 1-2 pounds/week • Change your eating habits o Avoid sugar and limit starchy foods (bread, pasta, rice, potatoes) o Reduce your intake of saturated and trans fats o Avoid high fructose corn syrup containing foods and beverages o Avoid alcohol o Increase your dietary fiber intake • Exercise more o Moderate aerobic exercise for at least 20-30 minutes/day (i.e. brisk walking or stationary bike) o Resistance or strength training at least 2-3 days/week Diet Basics: • Eat 3-4 times daily. Do not go more than 3-4 hours without eating. • Consume whole foods: meat, vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds, legumes, and whole grains. • Avoid sugar-sweetened beverages, added sugars, processed meats, refined grains, hydrogenated oils, and other highly processed foods. • Never eat carbohydrate foods alone. • Include a balance of healthy fat, protein, and carbohydrate each time you eat. © 7/2019 MNGI Digestive Health Healthy Eating for NAFLD A healthy meal includes a balance of protein, healthy fat, and complex carbohydrate every time you eat. -
The Base Colors: Black and Chestnut the Tail, Called “Foal Fringes.”The Lower Legs Can Be So Pale That It Is Let’S Begin with the Base Colors
Foal Color 4.08 3/20/08 2:18 PM Page 44 he safe arrival of a newborn foal is cause for celebration. months the sun bleaches the foal’s birth coat, altering its appear- After checking to make sure all is well with the mare and ance even more. Other environmental issues, such as type and her new addition, the questions start to fly. What gender quality of feed, also can have a profound effect on color. And as we is it? Which traits did the foal get from each parent? And shall see, some colors do change drastically in appearance with Twhat color is it, anyway? Many times this question is not easily age, such as gray and the roany type of sabino. Finally, when the answered unless the breeder has seen many foals, of many colors, foal shed occurs, the new color coming in often looks dramatical- throughout many foaling seasons. In the landmark 1939 movie, ly dark. Is it any wonder that so many foals are registered an incor- “The Wizard of Oz,” MGM used gelatin to dye the “Horse of a rect—and sometimes genetically impossible—color each year? Different Color,” but Mother Nature does a darn good job of cre- So how do you identify your foal’s color? First, let’s keep some ating the same spectacular special effects on her foals! basic rules of genetics in mind. Two chestnuts will only produce The foal’s color from birth to the foal shed (which generally chestnut; horses of the cream, dun, and silver dilutions must have occurs between three and four months of age) can change due to had at least one parent with that particular dilution themselves; many factors, prompting some breeders to describe their foal as and grays must always have one gray parent.