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NASA STI Program ... in Profile

Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. to the advancement of aeronautics and space Collected papers from scientific and science. The NASA scientific and technical technical conferences, symposia, information (STI) program plays a key part in seminars, or other meetings sponsored helping NASA maintain this important role. or co-sponsored by NASA.

The NASA STI program operates under the • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, auspices of the Agency Chief Information technical, or historical information from Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for NASA programs, projects, and missions, archiving, and disseminates NASA’s STI. The often concerned with subjects having NASA STI program provides access to the substantial public interest. NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical Report • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. Server, thus providing one of the largest English-language translations of foreign collections of aeronautical and space science scientific and technical material pertinent to STI in the world. Results are published in both NASA’s mission. non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the Specialized services also include organizing following report types: and publishing research results, distributing specialized research announcements and feeds, • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of providing help desk and personal search completed research or a major significant support, and enabling data exchange services. phase of research that present the results of NASA Programs and include extensive data For more information about the NASA STI or theoretical analysis. Includes compila- program, see the following: tions of significant scientific and technical data and information deemed to be of • Access the NASA STI program home page continuing reference value. NASA counter- at http://www.sti.nasa.gov part of peer-reviewed formal professional papers but has less stringent limitations on • E-mail your question via the Internet to manuscript length and extent of graphic help@sti.nasa.gov presentations. • Fax your question to the NASA STI Help • TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM. Desk at 443-757-5803 Scientific and technical findings that are preliminary or of specialized interest, • Phone the NASA STI Help Desk at e.g., quick release reports, working 443-757-5802 papers, and bibliographies that contain minimal annotation. Does not contain • Write to: extensive analysis. NASA STI Help Desk NASA Center for AeroSpace Information • CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific and 7115 Standard Drive technical findings by NASA-sponsored Hanover, MD 21076-1320 contractors and grantees.

Introduction

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) is an online information resource listing citations and abstracts of NASA and worldwide aerospace-related scientific and technical information (STI). Updated biweekly, STAR highlights the most recent additions to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. Through this resource, the NASA STI Program provides timely access to the most current aerospace-related research and development (R&D) results.

STAR subject coverage includes all aspects of aeronautics and space research and development, supporting basic and applied research, and application, as well as aerospace aspects of Earth resources, energy development, conservation, oceanography, environmental protection, urban transportation and other topics of high national priority. The listing is arranged first by 11 broad subject divisions, then within these divisions by 76 subject categories and includes two indexes: subject and author.

STAR includes citations to R&D results reported in:

• NASA, NASA contractor, and NASA grantee reports • Reports issued by other U.S. Government agencies, domestic and foreign institution, universities, and private firms • Translations • NASA-owned patents and patent applications • Other U.S. Government agency and foreign patents and patent applications • Domestic and foreign dissertations and theses

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The NASA STI Program The NASA STI Program was established to support the objectives of NASA’s missions and research to advance aeronautics and space science. By sharing information, the NASA STI Program ensures that the U.S. maintains its preeminence in aerospace-related industries and education, minimizes duplication of research, and increases research productivity.

Through the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI), the NASA STI Program acquires, processes, archives, announces, and disseminates both NASA’s internal STI and worldwide STI. The results of 20th and 21st century aeronautics and aerospace research and development, a worldwide investment totaling billions of dollars, have been captured, organized, and stored in the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database. New information is continually announced and made available as it is acquired, making this a dynamic and historical collection of value to business, industry, academia, federal institutions, and the general public.

The STI Program offers products and tools that allow efficient access to the wealth of information derived from global R&D efforts. In addition, customized services are available to help tailor this valuable resource to meet your specific needs.

For more information on the most up-to-date NASA STI, visit the STI Program’s Web site at http://www.sti.nasa.gov. NASA STI Availability Information

NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (CASI) Through NASA CASI, the NASA STI Program offers many information products and services to the aerospace community and to the public, including access to a selection of full text of the NASA STI. Free registration with the program is available to NASA, U.S. Government agencies and contractors. To register, contact CASI at [email protected]. Others should visit the program at www.sti.nasa.gov. The ‘search selected databases’ button provides access to the NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) – the publicly available contents of the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database.

Each citation in STAR indicates a ‘Source of Availability.’ When CASI is indicated, the user can order this information directly from CASI using the STI Online Order Form, e-mail to [email protected], or telephone the STI Help Desk at 443-757-5802. Before ordering you may access price code tables for STI documents and videos. When information is not available from CASI, the source of the information is indicated when known.

NASA STI is also available to the public through Federal information organizations. NASA CASI disseminates publicly available NASA STI to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) and to the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) through the Government Printing Office (GPO). In addition, NASA patents are available online from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The National Technical Information Service serves the American public as a central resource for unlimited, unclassified U.S. Government scientific, technical, engineering, and business related information. For more than 50 years NTIS has provided businesses, universities, and the public timely access to well over 2 million publications covering over 350 subject areas. Visit NTIS at http://www.ntis.gov.

The Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) The U.S. Congress established the Federal Depository Library Program to ensure access for the American public to U.S. Government information. The program acquires and disseminates information products from all three branches of the U.S. Government to nearly 1,300 Federal depository libraries nationwide. The libraries maintain these information products as part of their existing collections and are responsible for assuring that the public has free access to the information. Locate the Federal depository libraries at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/index.html.

The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office provides online access to full text patents and patent applications. The database includes patents back to 1976 plus some pre-1975 patents. Visit the USPTO at http://www.uspto.gov/patft/. Table of Contents

Subject Divisions/Categories Document citations are grouped by division and then by category, according to the NASA Scope and Subject Category Guide. Aeronautics 01 Aeronautics (General) ...... 1 02 Aerodynamics ...... 2 03 Air Transportation and Safety ...... 5 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation ...... 9 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance ...... 9 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation ...... 14 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power ...... 14 08 Aircraft Stability and Control ...... 15 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air) ...... 16

Astronautics 12 Astronautics (General) ...... 17 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space) ...... 18 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations ...... 19 16 Space Transportation and Safety ...... 22 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking ...... 24 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance ...... 27 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics ...... 30 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power ...... 31

Chemistry and Materials 23 Chemistry and Materials (General) ...... 32 24 Composite Materials ...... 36 25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry ...... 38 26 Metals and Metallic Materials ...... 44 27 Nonmetallic Materials ...... 46 28 Propellants and Fuels ...... 50 29 Space Processing ...... 52

Engineering 31 Engineering (General) ...... 53 32 Communications and Radar ...... 56 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering ...... 64 34 Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics ...... 71 35 Instrumentation and Photography ...... 75 36 Lasers and Masers ...... 78 37 Mechanical Engineering ...... 78 38 Quality Assurance and Reliability ...... 79 39 Structural Mechanics ...... 80

Geosciences 42 Geosciences (General) ...... 83 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing ...... 84 44 Energy Production and Conversion ...... 87 45 Environment Pollution ...... 89 46 Geophysics ...... 101 47 Meteorology and Climatology ...... 114

Life Sciences 51 Life Sciences (General) ...... 124 52 Aerospace Medicine ...... 126 53 Behavioral Sciences ...... 130 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support ...... 130 55 Exobiology ...... 134

Mathematical and Computer Sciences 59 Mathematical and Computer Sciences (General) ...... 135 60 Computer Operations and Hardware ...... 142 61 Computer Programming and Software ...... 143 62 Computer Systems ...... 148 63 Cybernetics, Artiﬁcial Intelligence and Robotics ...... 150 64 Numerical Analysis ...... 153 65 Statistics and Probability ...... 154 66 Systems Analysis and Operations Research ...... 156 67 Theoretical Mathematics ...... 159

Physics 70 Physics (General) ...... 160 71 Acoustics ...... 167 72 Atomic and Molecular Physics ...... 168 73 Nuclear Physics ...... 169 74 Optics ...... 171 75 Plasma Physics ...... 174 76 Solid-State Physics ...... 177

Social and Information Sciences 81 Administration and Management ...... 179 82 Documentation and Information Science ...... 180

Space Sciences 88 Space Sciences (General) ...... 185 89 Astronomy ...... 188 90 Astrophysics ...... 190 91 Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration ...... 195 92 Solar Physics ...... 201 93 Space Radiation ...... 202

General 99 General ...... 204

Indexes Two indexes are available. You may use the ﬁnd command under the tools menu while viewing the PDF ﬁle for direct match searching on any text string. You may also select either of the two indexes provided for linking to the corresponding document citation from NASA Thesaurus terms and personal author names.

Subject Term Index Personal Author Index SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL AEROSPACE REPORTS A Biweekly Publication of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration

VOLUME 48, NUMBER 10 MAY 24, 2010

01 AERONAUTICS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to manned and unmanned aircraft and the problems of ﬂight within the Earth’s atmosphere. Also includes manufacturing, maintenance, and repair of aircraft. For speciﬁc topics in aeronautics, see categories 02 through 09. For information related to space vehicles see 12 Astronautics.

20100017051 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in the USA: Preliminary Results Milligan, Michael; Lew, Debbie; Corbus, Dave; Piwko, Richard; Miller, Nicholas; September 2009; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-08-GO28308 Report No.(s): PB2010-105501; NREL/CP-550-46527; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy, is managing two large-scale wind integration studies. The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study (WWSIS) covers the footprint of WestConnect, a group of transmission owners that covers most of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and Wyoming. The Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study (EWITS) covers a large part of the Eastern Interconnection, and leverages a large-scale transmission study known as the Joint Coordinated System Plan (JCSP). Both studies analyze the impact of 20-30% wind energy penetration within the study footprint based on energy. This paper discusses key results that have emerged so far from each study, focusing primarily on simulation results based on hourly production simulations. Results from both studies show that high wind penetrations can be successfully integrated into the power system, but depend on sufficient transmission and signiﬁcant changes in operations. NTIS Large Scale Integration; Windpower Utilization; Renewable Energy

20100017116 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA TurbSim User’s Guide: Version 1.50. Revised August 26, 2009 for TurbSim Version 1.50 Jonkman, B. J.; September 2009; 85 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2009-965520; NREL/TP-500-46198; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) TurbSim is a stochastic, full-field, turbulent-wind simulator. It uses a statistical model (as opposed to a physics-based model) to numerically simulate time series of three-component wind-speed vectors at points in a two-dimensional vertical rectangular grid that is fixed in space. TurbSim output can be used as input into AeroDyn-based codes such as FAST, YawDyn, or MSC.ADAMS. AeroDyn uses Taylors frozen turbulence hypothesis to obtain local wind speeds, interpolating the TurbSim-generated fields in both time and space. Spectra of velocity components and spatial coherence are defined in the frequency domain, and an inverse Fourier transform produces time series. The underlying theory behind this method of simulating time series assumes a stationary process. To simulate non-stationary components, TurbSimused with AeroDyncan superimpose coherent turbulent structures onto the time series it generates. NTIS Boundary Layers; Turbulence; Wind Turbines

1 02 AERODYNAMICS Includes aerodynamics of ﬂight vehicles, test bodies, airframe components and combinations, wings, and control surfaces. Also includes aerodynamics of rotors, stators, fans, and other elements of turbomachinery. For related information see also 34 Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.

20100016995 Clear Science Corp., Harford, NY USA Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) Vaithianathan, T.; Carlson, H. A.; Wallace, R. D.; Shea, P. R.; Glauser, M. N.; The Proceedings of the 48th AIAA Aeorspace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition; January 2010; 16 pp.; In English; 48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition,4-7Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-08-C-3827; Proj-A0DX; 0605502 Report No.(s): AD-A516389; AFRL-RB-WP-TP-2010-3023; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Closed-loop systems have been developed for controlling the flow above a three-dimensional turret. The top of the turret is hemispherical, houses a flat optical aperture, and can rotate about two axes (pitch and yaw). The extent of separation and concomitant turbulence levels in the flow above the aperture change as the turret rotates. The control objective is to minimize the separation and turbulence in the dynamic environment created by the articulating turret. The closed-loop control systems include dynamical and measurement-based estimators, regulators, filters, and compensators. These components are developed using both computational data from CFD simulations and experimental data from wind tunnel runs within the common framework of SMARTflow - engineering software for flow control system design. The control systems are evaluated through a series of control-in-the-loop CFD simulations and wind tunnel runs, demonstrating the merits of feedback control through robustness in the presence of measurement noise, modeling errors, and highly unsteady conditions and through reductions in actuation energy below levels required by open-loop systems. Controller designs and computational tests are described here; wind tunnel tests are described in the companion paper. DTIC Computational Fluid Dynamics; Feedback; Feedback Control; Yaw

20100017280 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing Section Caster, Raymond S.; March 2010; 17 pp.; In English; 48th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 984754.02.07.03.13.05 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216258; AIAA Paper 2010-1386; E-17164; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017280 NASA has conducted research programs to reduce or eliminate the operational restrictions of supersonic aircraft over populated areas. Restrictions are due to the disturbance from the sonic boom, caused by the coalescence of shock waves formed off the aircraft. Results from two-dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analyses (performed on a baseline Mach 2.0 nozzle in a simulated Mach 2.2 flow) indicate that over-expanded and under-expanded operation of the nozzle has an effect on the N-wave boom signature. Analyses demonstrate the feasibility of reducing the magnitude of the sonic boom N-wave by controlling the nozzle plume interaction with the nozzle boat tail shock structure. This work was extended to study the impact of integrating a high aspect ratio exhaust nozzle or long slot nozzle on the trailing edge of a supersonic wing. The nozzle is operated in a highly under-expanded condition, creating a large exhaust plume and a shock at the trailing edge of the wing. This shock interacts with and suppresses the expansion wave caused by the wing, a major contributor to the sonic boom signature. The goal was to reduce the near field pressures caused by the expansion using a slot nozzle located at the wing trailing edge. Results from CFD analysis on a simulated wing cross-section and a slot nozzle indicate potential reductions in sonic boom signature compared to a baseline wing with no propulsion or trailing edge exhaust. Future studies could investigate if this effect could be useful on a supersonic aircraft for main propulsion, auxiliary propulsion, or flow control. Author Exhaust Nozzles; Sonic Booms; Wing Slots; Aircraft Control; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Exhaust Gases; Supersonic Speed; Mach Number; High Aspect Ratio

2 20100017311 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Experiments on Electrically Controlled Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Supersonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) Carter, Campbell D; Leonov, Sergey; Yarantsev, Dmitry; Journal of Propulsion and Power, v25 n2 p289-294, March-April 2009; Feb. 2010; Volume 25, No. 2, pp. 289-294; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2308 Report No.(s): AD-A516773; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2054; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516773 We describe experiments on gaseous fuel ignition and flameholding controlled by an electrical discharge in high speed airflow. The geometrical configuration does not include any mechanical or physical flameholder. The fuel is nonpremixed and injected directly into the air crossflow from the combustor bottom wall. A multi-electrode, nonuniform transversal electrical discharge is excited, also on the bottom wall, between flush-mounted electrodes. The initial gas temperature is lower than the value for autoignition of hydrogen and ethylene. Results are presented for a wide range of fuel mass flow rate and discharge power deposited into the flow. This coupling between the discharge and the flow presents a new type of flameholder over a plane wall for a high-speed combustor. DTIC Air Flow; Combustion Chambers; Electrical Properties; Flame Holders; Supersonic Flow; Walls

20100017334 National Transportation Safety Board, Washington, DC USA National Transportation Safety Board Aircraft Accident Report: Loss of Control on Approach, Colgan Air, Inc., Operating as Continental Connection Flight 3407, Bombardier DHC-8-400, N200WQ, Near Clarence Center, New York, on February 12, 2009 Feb. 02, 2010; 300 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-910401; NTSB/AAR-10/01; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A13, Hardcopy On February 12, 2009, about 2217 eastern standard time, a Colgan Air, Inc., Bombardier DHC-8-400, N200WQ, operating as Continental Connection flight 3407, was on an instrument approach to Buffalo-Niagara International Airport, Buffalo, New York, when it crashed into a residence in Clarence Center, New York, about 5 nautical miles northeast of the airport. The 2 pilots, 2 flight attendants, and 45 passengers aboard the airplane were killed, one person on the ground was killed, and the airplane was destroyed by impact forces and a postcrash fire. The flight was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121. Night visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the captain’s inappropriate response to the activation of the stick shaker, which led to an aerodynamic stall from which the airplane did not recover. Contributing to the accident were (1) the flight crew’s failure to monitor airspeed in relation to the rising position of the lowspeed cue, (2) the flight crew’s failure to adhere to sterile cockpit procedures, (3) the captain’s failure to effectively manage the flight, and (4) Colgan Air’s inadequate procedures for airspeed selection and management during approaches in icing conditions. The safety issues discussed in this report focus on strategies to prevent flight crew monitoring failures, pilot professionalism, fatigue, remedial training, pilot training records, airspeed selection procedures, stall training, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) oversight, flight operational quality assurance programs, use of personal portable electronic devices on the flight deck, the FAA’s use of safety alerts for operators to transmit safety-critical information, and weather information provided to pilots. Safety recommendations concerning these issues are addressed to the FAA. NTIS Accident Investigation; Aircraft Control; Losses; Safety Management; Transportation

20100017505 Arnold Engineering Development Center, Arnold AFS, TN USA Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Background-Oriented Schlieren Reinholtz, Carrie K.; Heltsley, Fred L.; Scott, Kenneth E.; Jan 2010; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A513096; AEDC-TR-09-T-13; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017505; http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA513096 A background-oriented schlieren (BOS) system has recently been implemented in the Aerodynamic Wind Tunnel 16T at Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC) to qualitatively visualize the jettison motor plumes on the NASA Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV). As applied to aerodynamics, BOS is an optical technique that exploits gradients in the refractive index of fluid volumes like schlieren, shadowgraph, and interferometry techniques to visualize flow structures and density gradients. BOS requires only small optical accesses to view a painted dot pattern through a refracting media to visualize density gradients in the fluid. This is of particular interest in wind tunnels or other testing facilities where optical access is

3 limited and/or other common visualization techniques are not readily available. Images were acquired for multiple Mach number ﬂows, plenum pressures and model attitudes to visualize the jet plume and model shock interactions for two Jettison Motor geometries. Author Aerodynamic Characteristics; Flow Visualization; Jettison Systems; Jettisoning; Launch Vehicles; Plumes; Aerodynamics; Crew Exploration Vehicle; Schlieren Photography

20100017534 Wright State Univ., Dayton, OH USA Design and Analysis of Advanced Materials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk-Minimized Structural Design and Assessment for Reusable Launch Vehicles (RLVs) Granki, Ramana V.; King, Jason; Riley, Matthew; March 2010; 118 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-D-3446-0007; Proj-A0B7; 0602201 Report No.(s): AD-A517340; AFRL-RB-WP-TR-2010-3029; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Reusable launch vehicle (RLV) design is an inherently nonlinear, multi physics-based problem involving continuous, mixed, and integer optimization variables. With the wide presence of randomness in these variables, including epistemic, aleatory, and model-form uncertainties,, uncertainty in the problem must be accounted for in order to accurately quantify the system’s probability of success. This research provides valuable tools to the RLV community by incorporating risk- minimization into the design of a vehicle. This has been accomplished by incorporating uncertainty quantiﬁcation related to the aeroelastic and structural integrity of a launch vehicle, with a focus on ﬂutter uncertainties. DTIC Acoustics; Aeroelasticity; Design Analysis; Launch Vehicles; Reusable Launch Vehicles; Risk; Structural Design; Thermal Environments

20100017676 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Development of Morphing Aircraft Structure Using SMP Jee, Soo-chan; March 2010; 117 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516942; AFIT/GSE/ENV/10-M02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516942 The U.S. Air Force needs new aircraft which provide longer ﬂight time, less fuel consumption, better aerodynamics in order to perform Air Force missions successfully as the mission environment changes rapidly. A morphing wing aircraft is considered as a potential new aircraft for those missions. This thesis explores Shape Memory Polymer (SMP) properties test results and its application for morphing wing skin. Several SMP composite laminates were considered for investigating shape changing characteristics required for morphing skin. The braided composite preforms used in making SMP composites were explored in morphing wing operating system based on the results of property tests. The system deﬁnition, life cycle of system, user analysis, and some architecture for identifying systems effectively formed the basis for the generic system engineering process presented. Further, this thesis explores initial geometric deformability, recovery characteristics, material property estimates, and develops the system using morphing material in order to present a concept for emerging morphing wing aircraft as a potential future Air Force’s alternative. Based upon this research, the material system considered here does not meet the morphing requirement for such aircraft. DTIC Aerodynamics; Fuel Consumption; Shapes

20100017830 William J. Hughes Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ, USA Models and Characteristics of Freezing Rain and Freezing Drizzle for Aircraft Icing Applications Jeck, Richard K.; January 2010; 113 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107339; DOT/FAA/AR-09/45; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A large, new database of in-ﬂight measurements of icing-related cloud and atmospheric variables in freezing rain and freezing drizzle conditions is used to help determine the range of temperatures, altitudes, exposure durations, icing intensities, precipitation drop sizes, and supercooled water concentrations to which aircraft could be exposed during ﬂight in these conditions. In addition, three different models of cloud and precipitation drop size distributions are proposed for use in

4 computing ice accretion rates and amounts on aircraft components or as a guide for designing water sprays to simulate freezing rain or freezing drizzle in icing wind tunnels or icing spray rigs. NTIS Aircraft Icing; Freezing; Rain

03 AIR TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY Includes passenger and cargo air transport operations; airport ground operations; ﬂight safety and hazards; and aircraft accidents. Systems and hardware speciﬁc to ground operations of aircraft and to airport construction are covered in 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air). Air traffic control is covered in 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.

20100017010 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL USA Aerospace Integration, Not Separation Barry, John L; Herriges, Darrell L; Jan 2000; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517216; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517216 Continuous revitalization has long been a hallmark of the USA Air Force (USAF). Our service has renewed itself over the years with new technologies, new operational concepts, and new leadership. This trait, although fatiguing at times, is recognized by all as critical to our long-term strength. One of the latest steps in this process is called aerospace integration. It embodies our organizational commitment to change the way we think about air and space power. In essence, we are committed to becoming an aerospace force, operating in a seamless medium unconstrained by arbitrary divisions of the vertical dimension. This is no easy goal. It will prove difficult to obtain. However, it is a necessary step if we are to progress as a leading-edge institution. Aerospace integration is not a new concept. It was the norm during the cold war. Satellites, bombers, and missiles combined to produce nuclear deterrence. Aerospace integration can also be understood as part of a series of internal USAF integrations. Bombers, educators, and scientists have all been affected by previous mergers. The result of these mergers is not that all parts are interchangeable and everyone looks the same. Rather, it is that all parts retain their identities while working together for a common purpose. This is the goal of aerospace integration: enhance the USAF’s overall warfighting performance across each aerospace capability. While retaining their separate credentials and expertise, those who fly and develop satellites, bombers, and transports will better integrate their efforts. Because air and space systems work together and because air and space technologies are rapidly advancing, integration of aerospace priorities is fundamental to improving the warfighting capabilities of the joint team and the nation. Now is the time for continued aerospace integration, not separation! DTIC Aerospace Systems; Leadership; International Relations

20100017013 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Organization Kelly, Michael P.; February 11, 2010; 58 pp.; In English; GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Organization, 11 Feb. 2010, Greenbelt, MD, USA; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017013 This viewgraph presentation reviews NASA Goddard Space Flight Center’s approach to safety and mission assurance. The contents include: 1) NASA GSFC Background; 2) Safety and Mission Assurance Directorate; 3) The Role of SMA-D and the Technical Authority; 4) GSFC Mission assurance Requirements; 5) GSFC Systems Review Office (SRO); 6) GSFC Supply Chain Management Program; and 7) GSFC ISO9001/AS9100 Status Brief. CASI NASA Space Programs; Aerospace Safety; Space Missions; Project Management; Aerospace Systems

20100017172 William J. Hughes Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ, USA Calibration of Faarﬁeld Rigid Pavent Design Procedure. Final Report Brill, David R.; January 2010; 73 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105596; DOT/FAA/AR-09/57; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)-developed Rigid and Flexible Iterative Elastic Layer Design (FAARFIELD)

5 is a computer-based thickness design procedure for airport pavements. For rigid pavements and overlays, the procedure combines a three-dimensional finite element analysis of the rigid pavement system with a performance/failure model based on full-scale traffic tests. For flexible pavements, FAARFIELD uses the same structural response and failure models as LEDFAA version 1.3. The updated rigid pavement failure model in FAARFIELD is based on full-scale tests results from the National Airport Pavement Test Facility and a re-analysis of historical full-scale tests conducted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers prior to the 1970s. The FAARFIELD design procedure is intended to supersede the pavement thickness design curves in FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 150/5320-6D. The design curves are considered adequate for traffic mixes including aircraft up to dual-tandem aircraft gears, including the Boeing 747, but cannot be used for newer models with more complex gear geometries. Since it is desirable that rigid pavement thickness designs performed using FAARFIELD not deviate too greatly from equivalent designs using the existing design charts when the design aircraft mix is restricted to the older models, a calibration study was performed. Based on this study, a calibration factor equal to 1.12 was applied to FAARFIELD design stresses to ensure that FAARFIELD rigid pavement design thicknesses are compatible with the earlier procedure for aircraft traffic up to and including the B747. An additional analysis was performed comparing the calibrated FAARFIELD designs with designs based on a modification of the AC 150/5320-6D design procedure using the FAA program COMFAA 2.0 to obtain design thicknesses. NTIS Airports; Calibrating; Pavements; Thickness

20100017195 Streamline Consulting, LLC, Farmington, UT USA Environmental Assessment: Proposed Seat and Canopy Staging Building, Hill Air Force Base, Utah Klein, Randal; Winn, Kay; Mar 25, 2010; 54 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516967; F42650-03-D-0007-0033; XC-75ABW/UT; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Infor- mation Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516967 Hill Air Force Base (AFB) proposes to provide an improved staging building in which seats and canopies from F-22 aircraft can be safely and efficiently stored while the aircraft are being repaired. The findings of this EA indicate that the proposed action would not have significant adverse effects on the human environment or any of the environmental resources as described in the EA. Therefore, it is concluded that a Finding of No Significant Impact is justified. DTIC Environment Effects; Buildings; Materials Handling; Environmental Monitoring

20100017353 Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC, USA FAA Aerospace Forecast, Fiscal Years 2010-2030 January 2010; 106 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106670; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This years forecast confirms what we already know: Aviation is a business subject to highly volatile and unpredictable external influences. Whether it is the economy, the global political climate or environmental concerns, our industry is affected at every level. The good news is that aviation has shown time and time again that it can adapt and meet those challenges while continuing to provide safe, efficient transportation. This years forecast anticipates that these challenges will remain for at least 20 more years. But it also shows our confidence this industry will not only face these challenges head on, but will thrive. Aviation has been especially hard hit by the turbulence that has rocked our economy. As the economy dipped, airline demand fell sharply. Airlines have tightened their belts, passengers have modified their traveling habits, and our airports have had to adapt. But, economic growth will return along with passengers and increasing operations. We expect to see changes in the industry as it rebounds over the next several years, with international markets growing faster than domestic markets, and large airports growing faster than smaller ones. We also expect the trend toward larger regional jets to continue while most of the smaller regional jets will be retired from the fleet. For the remainder of 2010, we expect that last years trends will continue before the industry turns the corner. But we do expect growth in the longer-term. For the short-term, we will continue to see declines in both domestic and international capacity as carriers respond to the impacts of the economic downturn. The airlines will continue to make adjustments to fleets and operations to match changing demand. NTIS Aerospace Systems; Economic Analysis; Forecasting

6 20100017514 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Automated Tool and Method for System Safety Analysis: 2009 Progress Report Malin, Jane T.; February 2010; 14 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 724297.50.56.05 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19847; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017514 This report describes progress in 2009 on developing a unified, systematic, and semiautomated approach for extracting early information from requirements specifications and other documents, for system modeling, requirements validation, and safety analysis. Semi-automated extraction of data and generation of models and visualizations can save labor and schedule. Automated information extraction can improve the efficiency, consistency, repeatability, and completeness of modeling and analysis, and it can reduce the time spent reanalyzing when specifications and designs change. The Automated Tool and Method for System Safety Analysis project uses a linguistic analysis tool to extract key information from FMEAs and hazard reports. Model generation software in the Hazard Identification Tool integrates this information into visualizations of system architecture models. The model generation software maps extracted terms from text to elements of the model, by using criteria based on the Aerospace Ontology. The model is reused in system-level simulation, to dynamically evaluate the impact of failure modes on the executing system design. Author Systems Engineering; Safety Management; Software Engineering; Automation; Linguistics

20100017584 Next Generation Air Transportation System, Washington, DC, USA Concept of Operations for the Next Generation Air Transportation System. Version 3.0 2010; 154 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A514563; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A08, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017584; http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA514563 The U.S. air transportation system as we know it is under significant stress. With demand in aircraft operations expected to grow significantly through the 2025 time frame, there are wellfounded concerns that the current air transportation system will not be able to accommodate this growth. Antiquated systems are unable to process and provide flight information in real time, and current processes and procedures do not provide the flexibility needed to meet the growing demand. New security demands are affecting the ability to efficiently move people and cargo. In addition, the growth in air transportation has provoked community concerns over aircraft noise, air quality, and congestion. In order to meet the need for increased capacity and efficiency while maintaining safety, new technologies and processes must be implemented. In response to these concerns, the Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO) developed the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) Concept of Operations (ConOps). This document is not intended to describe the specific details needed for program implementation or planning; rather, the ConOps serves as a steering vision for the ultimate form of the NextGen end state of 2025. Its purpose is to provide an end-state vision (i.e., 2025 perspective of NextGen), or baseline, that forms a widely understandable summary of the goals, concepts, capabilities, and planned transformations needed to realize the NextGen vision. The goals for NextGen focus on significantly increasing the safety, security, and capacity of air transportation operations, thereby improving the overall economic well-being of the country. Author Air Transportation; Air Traffıc Control; National Airspace System; National Aviation System; Air Traffıc

20100017667 Applied Research Associates, Inc., Albuquerque, NM USA Computational Flame Characterization of New Large Aircraft Immersed in Accidental Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PREPRINT) Menchini, Christopher P.; Hawk, John; March 2010; 26 pp.; In English; FROM 2010 FAA Worldwide Airport Technology Transfer Conference: Next Generation of Airport Technology, 20 - 22 Apr. 2010, Atlantic City, NJ, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4819-09-C-0030; Proj-GOVT; 99999F Report No.(s): AD-A516947; AFRL-RX-TY-TP-2010-0023; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516947 This briefing describes the AFRL program for aircraft crash-rescue and fire fighting operational support and proposes test concepts for the evaluation of fire fighting agents and technology. DTIC Accidents; Characterization; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Fire Extinguishers; Fire Fighting; Fires; Flames; Hydrocarbons

7 20100017735 Government Accountability Office, Washington, DC, USA Next Generation Air Transportation System: Challenges with Partner Agency and FAA Coordination Continue, and Efforts to Integrate Near-, Mid-, and Long-Term Activities are Ongoing April 21, 2010; 20 pp.; In English Report No.(s): GAO-10-649T; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy To prepare for future air traffic growth, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), including its Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO) and Air Traffic Organization, is planning and implementing the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) in partnership with other federal agencies, such as the Departments of Commerce, Defense, and Homeland Security, and the aviation industry. NextGen will transform the current radar-based air traffic control system into a satellite-based system. As FAA begins implementing near-and midterm NextGen capabilities, a key challenge will be the extent to which FAA is able to integrate near and midterm improvements (those between 2012 and 2018) with long-term plans (beyond 2018). Furthermore, coordination among federal partner agencies and among various lines of business within FAA is important to ensure that NextGen implementation efforts are aligned. GAO’s testimony focuses on (1) current mechanisms for and challenges to coordination among FAA and its partner agencies in implementing NextGen, (2) challenges and ongoing efforts to improve coordination across offices within FAA, and (3) issues related to integrating near- and midterm implementation plans with long-term NextGen plans. This statement is based on past and ongoing GAO work, and interviews GAO conducted with senior agency officials at FAA, JPDO and its partner agencies, and selected industry stakeholders. Derived from text Air Transportation; Aircraft Industry; Management Planning; Air Traffıc Control

20100017788 William J. Hughes Technical Center, Atlantic City, NJ, USA; Hi-Tec Systems, Egg Harbor, NJ, USA Light-Emitting Diode Taxiway Edge Light Photometric Evaluation Lean, Doron; Cyrus, Holly; Brown, Nelson; January 2010; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107343; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Federal Aviation Administration Airport Safety Technology Research and Development Subteam initiated a long-term study of light-emitting diode (LED) taxiway edge lights. The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the photometric performance, durability, and reliability of LED taxiway edge light fixtures. LED taxiway edge lights degrade in intensity over time reducing the visibility to pilots. When this occurs, the LED light must be replaced. However, the exact time to replace the fixture to obtain the highest cost effectiveness is unknown. The goal of this project was to determine how the intensity changes with time and when the lights should be replaced. To do this, 24 LED taxiway edge lights and 6 incandescent lights were installed in a test bed; the latter were used as a baseline for the test. The test objectives were to (1) determine the electrical characteristics of an airfield circuit with LEDs, (2) evaluate the photometric performance of LED taxiway edge light fixtures compared with incandescent taxiway edge light fixtures, and (3) evaluate the maintenance required over time. NTIS Fixtures; Light Emitting Diodes; Photometry

20100017831 Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC USA Status of the Aviation Rulemaking Committees 77 Initiatives for Reducing Delays in the New York Area Federal Aviation Administration October 21, 2009; 20 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107459; AV-2010-003; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy Following the record-breaking ﬂight delays of summer 2007, the Secretary of Transportation established the Aviation Rulemaking Committee (ARC) to identify ways to reduce delays and congestion at the New York (NY) area airports. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has stated that NY delays impact the entire national airspace system due to those airports’ high volume, complex traffic patterns, and airspace management problems. On December 13, 2007, the ARC issued its report highlighting 77 initiatives for improving aviation operations and infrastructure. This report presents the results of our review examining FAA’s actions in response to the ARC’s recommendations. We conducted this audit at the request of the Chairman of the House Subcommittee on Aviation, who expressed the Subcommittee’s concern about the effectiveness of delay-reduction efforts at the NY airports. Our audit objective was to examine FAA’s progress in implementing the 77 ARC initiatives. NTIS Air Traffıc; Airports; Congestion; Airspace

8 04 AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION Includes all modes of communication with and between aircraft; air navigation systems (satellite and ground based); and air traffic control. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation; 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking; and 32 Communications and Radar.

20100017193 Aerospace Corp., El Segundo, CA USA GPS and Relativity: An Engineering Overview Fliegel, Henry F; DiEsposti, Raymond S; Dec 1996; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516975; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516975 We give and explain in detail the formulas for the relativistic corrections to be implemented in high-speed aircraft, or when using other satellites in connection with GPS, or when using GPS from another satellite. We explain how to use these formulas in various scenarios, give numerical examples, and itemize the pitfalls to be avoided by (for example) receiver manufacturers. DTIC Global Positioning System; Relativity; High Speed; Aerospace Engineering; Supersonic Aircraft

20100017565 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Gravity Gradiometry and Map Matching: An Aid to Aircraft Inertial Navigation Systems DeGregoria, Anthony; March 2010; 130 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517387; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Inertial navigation systems (INS) offer passive, all-weather, and undeniable navigation information, which military customers often view as especially appealing strengths. Unfortunately, Airmen and engineers still struggle with INS’s drifting position errors, and navigation aids generally detract from INS’s strengths. At this year’s Air, Space, and Cyberspace in the 21st Century Conference, the Chief of Staff of the Air Force identified the Global Positioning System (GPS) as a widely-known and exploitable vulnerability, saying that it’s critical the Joint force reduce GPS dependence. Recent advances provide an opportunity for gravity gradient instruments (GGI), which measure spatial derivatives of the gravity vector, to aid an INS and preserve its strengths. This thesis shows that a GGI and map matching enhanced (GAME) INS improves navigation accuracy, presents the conditions that make GAME feasible for aircraft, and identifies opportunities for improvement. The methodology includes computer models and algorithms, where a GGI and map matching aid an INS through a Kalman filter. Simulations cover different terrains, altitudes, velocities, flight durations, INS drifts, update rates, components of the gravity gradient tensor, GGI and map noise levels, map resolutions, and levels of interpolation. Although GAME with today’s technology only appears worthwhile for long range and long endurance flights, the technologies expected in 10 years promise a broad spectrum of scenarios where GAME potentially provides great returns on investments and dominates the market for secure and covert navigation. DTIC Gravity Gradiometers; Inertial Navigation; Navigation Aids

05 AIRCRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE Includes all stages of design of aircraft and aircraft structures and systems. Also includes aircraft testing, performance and evaluation, and aircraft and ﬂight simulation technology. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance and 39 Structural Mechanics. For land transportation vehicles see 85 Technology Utilization and Surface Transportation.

20100016377 North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND USA Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Performance Report (2008) Balbyshev, Vsevolod; Chisholm, Bret J.; Schulz, Douglas L.; McCarthy, Gregory J.; Battocchi, Dante; Allahar, Kerry; Bierwagen, Gordon P.; September 2008; 161 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-1-5045; Proj-4347; 61202F Report No.(s): AD-A516537; AFRL-RX-WP-TR-2010-4023; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The overall goal of this program is to contribute to the development of the next-generation anti-corrosion and other

9 protective coating systems for USAF aircraft. The initial emphasis was on improvements in NDSU’s promising Mg-based primer, which NDSU recently licensed to the major international aircraft coatings manufacturer. Work continued over the last year on improvements in primer binder, additions to NDSU’s world-class high-throughput (HT) research and development capabilities that are necessary to work with this class of coatings, and meeting additional Air Force protective coatings needs such as hard surface pretreatments to work with the binder, and development of a methodology for depot-based repair indium tin oxide aircraft canopy coatings. Progress on all areas was made over the last year, as described in papers appended to this report. A signiﬁcant new effort was initiated in prognostic measurement techniques to monitor the effectiveness of the magnesium-based primers previously developed. Accomplishments over the last year included development of an embedded sensor for monitoring corrosion of metallic primers based on Mg and Mg alloys in aircraft coating systems. Research on in situ monitoring of primer degradation involves the application of an embedded sensor within the coating system followed by polling the system using various electrochemical techniques while subjecting it to ASTM standard corrosion tests, namely B117 salt fog and Prohesion. The feasibility and effectiveness of the embedded sensor electrode have been investigated. It has been demonstrated that the two-electrode sensor assembly produces consistent and reliable electrochemical data for both ex situ and in situ environments, and the data are in agreement with control experiments carried out using the conventional three-electrode electrochemical cell conﬁguration. DTIC Aircraft; Corrosion Prevention; Durability; Protective Coatings

20100017037 National Defense Univ., Washington, DC USA MV-22B Osprey: A Strategic Leap Forward Walters, Glenn M; Apr 2008; 5 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517317; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In early October 2007, the amphibious assault ship USS Wasp steamed through the Gulf of Aqaba, turned into the wind, and made final preparations for flight operations. The Wasp’s mission was to launch a squadron of Marine Corps assault support aircraft, so they could make their way into Iraq to replace a helicopter squadron that was nearing the end of its 7-month combat deployment in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Although shipboard flight operations occur daily throughout the world, there was nothing routine about this particular launch. As the wheels of the MV-22B Osprey aircraft ascended from the Wasp’s deck, aviation history was made. DTIC Tilt Rotor Aircraft; Flight Operations; Helicopters; Attack Aircraft

20100017078 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA Proposed Functional Architecture and Associated Benefits Analysis of a Common Ground Control Station for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Chanda, Michael; DiPlacido, Julee; Dougherty, John; Egan, Richard; Kelly, John; Kingery, Trent; Liston, Daniel; Mousseau, Douglas; Nadeau, James; Rothman, Theodore; Smith, Lisa; Supkos, Michael; Mar. 2010; 233 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516897; NPS-SE-10-002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516897 The proliferation of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) and lack of mandated standards has led to unique Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Ground Control Station (GCS) designs. A former Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, stated in an Acquisition Decision Memorandum (ADM) that UAS GCS commonality could reduce manpower, procurement, sustainment and life cycle costs. While the ADM provided an impetus for commonality, it did not define a path. This project defines a common GCS functional architecture that provides the first steps on the path to UAS commonality. Stakeholder documentation was analyzed to identify areas of greatest concern and to examine previous efforts in this domain. Then, a tailored systems engineering process was employed to develop a new set of requirements which includes a common Air Vehicle Operator (AVO) Human-Machine Interface. These requirements enabled the creation of an innovative functional architecture for a common GCS concept. The utilization of this architecture has multiple operational, logistical, and financial benefits. This project quantified AVO training cost benefits and found that implementation of the common GCS architecture in accordance with the derived requirements will benefit the Department of Defense through reduced Operations and Support costs and increased operational capability. DTIC Drone Vehicles; Ground Based Control; Ground Stations; Standardization; Unmanned Aircraft Systems

10 20100017160 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA, USA Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Management Research Test and Integration Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Opportunities Koelfgen, Syri J.; Faber, James J.; April 20, 2010; 10 pp.; In English; FROM AIAA Infotech\@Aerospace 2010 Conference, 20-22 Apr. 2010, Atlanta, GA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): DFRC-1088; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017160 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the aviation industry have recognized a need for developing a method to identify and combine resources to carry out research and testing more efficiently. The Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) Research Test and Integration Plan (RTIP) Wiki is a tool that is used to visualize, plan, and accomplish collaborative research and testing. Synergistic test opportunities are developed using the RTIP Wiki, and include potential common resource testing that combines assets and personnel from NASA, industry, academia, and other government agencies. A research scenario is linked to the appropriate IVHM milestones and resources detailed in the wiki, reviewed by the research team members, and integrated into a collaborative test strategy. The scenario is then implemented by creating a test plan when appropriate and the research is performed. The beneﬁts of performing collaborative research and testing are achieving higher Technology Readiness Level (TRL) test opportunities with little or no additional cost, improved quality of research, and increased communication among researchers. In addition to a description of the method of creating these joint research scenarios, examples of the successful development and implementation of cooperative research using the IVHM RTIP Wiki are given. Author Systems Integration; Systems Health Monitoring; NASA Programs; Aircraft Safety; Test Vehicles

20100017501 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Analysis of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion System Designs for Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Hiserote, Ryan M.; March 2010; 148 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 09ENY259 Report No.(s): AD-A517586; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M11; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Currently fielded electric-powered small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) lack the endurance desired by warfighters, while their internal combustion engine driven counterparts generate mission compromising acoustic and thermal signatures. Parallel hybrid-electric propulsion systems would meet the military’s needs by combining the advantages of hydrocarbon and electric power systems. Three distinct parallel hybrid-electric system designs, each with three unique battery discharging profiles, were analyzed and compared using a constrained static optimization formulation based upon traditional aircraft design equations. Each system combined an internal combustion engine sized for cruise speed with an electric motor sized for endurance speed. The nine variations were compared using a typical intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) mission profile. The analysis determined the most suitable design for the baseline ISR mission and provided recommended missions for the remaining designs. DTIC Electric Propulsion; Hybrid Propulsion; Propellers; Unmanned Aircraft Systems

20100017518 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA CFD Analysis of Experimental Wing and Winglet for FalconLAUNCH 8 and the ExFIT Program Switzer, Benjamin P.; March 2010; 84 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517600; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M25; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Reusable launch vehicles have many benefits over their expendable counterparts. These benefits range from cost reductions to increased functionality of the vehicles. Further research is required in the development of the technology necessary for reusable launch vehicles to come to fruition. The Air Force Institute of Technology’s future involvement in the ExFIT program will entail designing and testing of a new wing tip mounted vertical stabilizer in the hypersonic regime. One proposed venue for experimentation is to utilize the USA Air Force Academy’s FalconLAUNCH Program which annually designs, builds, and launches a sounding rocket capable of reaching hypersonic speeds. In the Spring of 2010 an experimental wing geometry will be flown on FalconLAUNCH VIII for the ExFIT Program. The following study outlines the Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis used to determine lift and drag characteristics as well as temperature distributions of the wing geometry before testing to produce a successful launch. A majority of this analysis focused on the effects caused by

11 shock waves forming on the winglet and their impact on the lifting characteristics and temperature distribution of the wing. Ultimately a recommendation of a 3 degree angle of attack is given for the experimental wings on the rocket. At this conﬁguration the lift and drag generated by the experimental wings will be at a minimum allowing for greater stability and speed throughout the ﬂight of the rocket. DTIC Computational Fluid Dynamics; Launch Vehicles; Winglets; Wings

20100017545 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA The UAV Continuous Coverage Problem Ha, Taegyun; March 2010; 97 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517241; AFIT-OR-MS-ENS-10-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The purpose of this research is to develop a method to ﬁnd an optimal UAV cyclic schedule to provide maximum coverage over a target area to support an ISR mission. The goal is to reach continuous coverage. UAV continuous coverage of a target area is crucial for the success of an ISR mission. Even the smallest coverage gap may jeopardize the success of the mission. Ideally it is desirable to obtain continuous coverage of a target area but the stochastic nature of the problem makes continuous coverage without gaps unlikely. However, it is still possible to obtain a high coverage rate. Coverage gaps may occur at handoff from one UAV to another. We ﬁrst study a deterministic model with identical UAVs and derive the minimum number of required UAVs to ensure continuous coverage. Continuous coverage is possible only in the deterministic setting. The model provides valuable insights on the parameters driving the UAV performance coverage. It is shown that the loitering and the roundtrip times are the most impacting parameters driving the performance coverage of the UAVs. It is proved that the number of UAVs is an increasing function of the roundtrip time and a decreasing function of the loitering time. The results obtained for the model with identical UAVs are then extended to the deterministic model with possibly non-identical UAVs. Conditions for continuous coverage are derived and used to formulate the continuous coverage problem as an integer linear program. When the UAV data is stochastic the problem is formulated as a chance constrained program and converted under suitable conditions to a deterministic integer linear program. Some numerical applications and extensions of the models are discussed. DTIC Linear Programming; Mathematical Models; Stochastic Processes

20100017656 Alabama Univ., Huntsville, AL USA Lessons From Army System Developments. Volume 2: Case Studies Lucas, William A., Editor; Rhoades, Richard G., Editor; June 2004; 260 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAH01-98-D-R001; DAAH01-97-D-R005 Report No.(s): AD-A517010; UAH-RI-2004-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517010 This report documents the results of a research project of several years’ duration which employed a structured case study approach to examine the history and processes that had resulted in the introduction of a number of technology-based Army systems in time to make a positive contribution to the outcome of Desert Storm. Volume II of the report contains the 15 case studies that were developed on systems ranging from the M829A1 silver bullet to the GUARDRAIL Common Sensor and the APACHE attack helicopter. The case studies were developed through the use of structured interviews with key participants from the government/contractor team that developed each system. In addition to the case studies, this process resulted in collection of a common set of data for the systems studied which could then be analyzed to identify factors contributing to successful system development. That analysis is contained in Volume I of this report. Two of the 15 case studies examined systems which might have been useful on the battleﬁeld (based on the views of Army technical leaders), but which failed to successfully complete development. The intent of including failures in the research was to provide a basis for distinguishing factors which contributed to both successful and unsuccessful system developments. While they are useful for the qualitative lessons they offer, two cases are inadequate for quantitative analysis and most analysis focuses on the 13 successful cases. It is therefore an assessment of contributors to the relative degree of success. DTIC Military Operations; Technology Assessment; Weapon Systems

12 20100017686 Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Arlington, VA USA Damage Assessment of Structures an Air Force Office of Scientific Research Structural Mechanics Perspective Giurgiutiu, Victor; Proceedings of the 3rd ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Smart Structures and Materials; July 2007; 21 pp.; In English; 3rd ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Smart Structures and Materials held in Gdansk, Poland on 9-11 July 2007. Published in the Proceedings of the ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Smart Structures and Materials (3rd), 2007.,9-11Jul. 2007, Gdansk, Poland, Poland; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517133; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517133 This paper presents the perspective of the Structural Mechanics program of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research on the damage assessment of structures. It is found that damage assessment of structures plays a very important role in assuring the safety and operational readiness of Air Force fleet. The current fleet has many aging aircraft, which poses a considerable challenge for the operators and maintainers. The nondestructive evaluation technology is rather mature and able to detect damage with considerable reliability during the periodic maintenance inspections. The emerging structural health monitoring methodology has great potential, because it will use on-board damage detection sensors and systems, will be able to offer on-demand structural health bulletins. Considerable fundamental and applied research is still needed to enable the development, implementation, and dissemination of structural health monitoring technology. DTIC Damage Assessment; Health; Nondestructive Tests; Structural Analysis

20100017698 Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, USA; Transportation Security Administration, Washington, DC, USA Security at Aircraft Repair Stations February 28, 2003; 17 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107073; AV-2003-027; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy We performed an audit of FAA’s oversight of trends in repair station usage, maintenance practices, and security controls at foreign and domestic aircraft repair stations. The objective of this segment of the audit was to determine whether repair stations have controls in place to provide adequate security of aircraft and repair facilities. NTIS Maintenance; Security

20100017738 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA, USA NASA DFRC Practices for Prototype Qualification Lokos, William A.; October 19, 2009; 80 pp.; In English; NATO Research and Techology Organization AVT-174 (Applied Vehicle Technology) Meeting, 19 Oct. 2009, Bonn, Germany; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): DFRC-1071; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy This slide presentation reviews the practices that Dryden uses for qualification of the prototypes of aircraft. There are many views of aircraft that Dryden has worked with. Included is a discussion of basic considerations for strength, a listing of standards and references, a discussion of typical safety of flight approaches, a discussion of the prototype design, using the X-29A as an example, and requirements for new shapes (i.e., the DAST-ARW1 , F-8 Super Critical Wing, AFTI/F-111 MAW), new control laws (i.e., AAW F-18), new operating envelope (i.e., F-18 HARV), limited sope add-on or substitute structure (i.e., SR-71 LASRE, ECLIPSE, F-16XL SLFC), and extensively modified or replaced structure (i.e., SOFIA, B747SP). There is a listing of causes for the failure of the prototype. CASI Procedures; Prototypes; Performance Tests; Aircraft Structures; Aircraft Reliability

20100017870 Texas Southern Univ., Houston, TX, USA Airport Related Traffic and Mobile Emission Implications, August 2003 Yu, Lei; Li, Xiugang; Zhuo, Weijie; August 2003; 111 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106839; FHWA-TX-03/4317; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This research intends to develop a microscopic framework to model the airport related traffic and emission implications; an approach to calibrate the driving behavior parameters for airport road and a case study of IAH. The microscopic framework integrates a microscopic traffic simulation model and a modal emission model, which mainly includes identiﬁcation of simulated airport road network, calibration and validation of traffic simulation, data transfer from simulation model to

13 emission model, design of modeling scenarios, and conducting the traffic simulation and emission calculation for each scenario. The GA-based calibration approach defines the index of simulation accuracy as sum of squared errors (SSE) between the collected speeds and the simulated speeds at the cross-sections along the road. The program named AUTOSIM was developed to indirectly express the complex and nonlinear relationship between the SSE and the driving behavior parameters. The computer program implementing the GA-based approach was also developed to search the optimal parameters values simultaneously and easily. IAH was modeled as the case study. The field speed data were collected using GPS. The calibrated optimal values of the VISSIM driving behavior parameters were derived for IAH loop, which resulted in a 50 percent decrease of SSE value. The number of speed errors greater than 10 percent at the cross-sections decreased from 22 to 2 for the selected physical section. The produced emissions of each vehicle by second show that the emission profiles well reflect the trends of the speed profile. The calculated emissions for one week of August 2002 are 61.430kg of CO, 26.849kg of HC, 271.896kg of CO2 and 61.603kg of NOx. NTIS Airports; Traffıc

06 AVIONICS AND AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION Includes all avionics systems, cockpit and cabin display devices, and ﬂight instruments intended for use in aircraft. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; 08 Aircraft Stability and Control; 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics; and 35 Instrumentation and Photography.

20100017787 Boise State Univ., Boise, ID, USA; Auburn Univ., AL, USA; Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, DC, USA Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical Materials Loo, Sin Ming; Kiepert, Josh; Klein, Derek; Pook, Michael; Chou, Shih-Feng; Overfelt, tony; March 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Co-Op Agrmt No. 07-C-RITE-BSU Report No.(s): DOT/FAA/AM-10/5; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy Aircraft can be contaminated with unwanted chemical or biological elements. For years, hydrogen peroxide has been used to disinfect equipment in the medical community. The diluted vapor form of hydrogen peroxide is being considered for use as a decontaminant/disinfectant/sanitizer of transportation vehicles aircraft, buses, subway trains, ambulances, etc. Previous work showed that STERlS Corporation’s Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide (VHP(r)) technology could be used successfully in complex transportation vehicles. However, the compatibility of the process with typical aircraft avionics has not been established. This report documents a preliminary evaluation of the effects of hydrogen peroxide exposure on avionics (i.e., avionics wires, active circuit boards, and dummy circuit boards). Author Decontamination; Hydrogen Peroxide; Aircraft Equipment; Aircraft Instruments; Antiseptics; Antiinfectives and Antibacterials

07 AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER Includes primary propulsion systems and related systems and components, e.g., gas turbine engines, compressors, and fuel systems; and onboard auxiliary power plants for aircraft. For related information see also 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; 28 Propellants and Fuels; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

20100017786 Dayton Univ. Research Inst., OH, USA Effects of Operating Jet Fuels Below the Specification Freeze Point Temperature Limit Zabarnick, S.; Ervin, J.; January 2010; 70 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107341; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In the USA, commercial jet aircraft operations are currently limited to measured wing tank fuel temperatures that are greater than 3DGC above the fuel specification freeze point. In recent years, long-duration polar routes have been open, which result in fuel being subjected to lower temperatures for longer periods. When the measured in-tank fuel temperature approaches these low-temperature limits, pilots are forced to modify flight path, altitude, and/or airspeed to raise these temperatures. As many fuel samples have freeze points that are significantly below the fuel specification, airlines would like

14 to change the low-temperature operational limit to reflect the measured freeze point of the particular fuel sample in the aircraft fuel tank, rather than the specification freeze point. This could minimize unnecessary flight path, altitude, and/or airspeed alterations with significant cost savings. This report summarizes the study of the effect of low temperatures on jet fuel properties and fuel system operation. NTIS Freezing; Jet Engine Fuels; Viscosity

08 AIRCRAFT STABILITY AND CONTROL Includes ﬂight dynamics, aircraft handling qualities, piloting, ﬂight controls, and autopilots. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation.

20100017066 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Controller Snider, Ryan E.; Mar. 2010; 166 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516856; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M24; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516856 Attitude requirements of a satellite are determined by its mission: telecommunications, optical imagery, and meteorology to name a few. A satellite’s ability to orient its mission critical hardware (solar arrays, attitude sensors, etc.), as well as its mission specific payload, is incumbent upon the performance of the satellite’s attitude control system (ACS). For a highly accurate ACS and for moderately fast maneuverability, reaction wheels are preferred because they allow continuous and smooth control while inducing the smallest possible disturbance torques. The objective of this research is to design, build, test, and evaluate the performance of a reaction wheel ACS on-board the Air Force Institute of Technology’s (AFIT) second generation satellite simulator, SimSat II. The reaction wheel ACS is evaluated against performance measures set forth by AFIT faculty; specifically, the ability to perform rest-to-rest maneuvers and withstand worst case disturbance torques. In all, the reaction wheel ACS proves it is capable of performing rest-to-rest maneuvers and withstanding disturbance torques. However, results conclude that theoretical predicted performance is unattainable. The performance of the reaction wheel ACS hinges upon its ability to command the reaction wheels at fixed interval timing. The inability of the test bed to execute fixed interval timing caused performance degradation. DTIC Attitude Control; Control Simulation; Controllers; Degradation; Reaction Wheels; Simulators; Torque

20100017255 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA, USA Adaptive Flight Control Design with Optimal Control Modification on an F-18 Aircraft Model Burken, John J.; Nguyen, Nhan T.; Griffin, Brian J.; April 20, 2010; 17 pp.; In English; AIAA Infotech\@Aerospace 2010 Conference, 20-22 Apr. 2010, Atlanta, GA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): DFRC-1076; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017255 In the presence of large uncertainties, a control system needs to be able to adapt rapidly to regain performance. Fast adaptation is referred to as the implementation of adaptive control with a large adaptive gain to reduce the tracking error rapidly; however, a large adaptive gain can lead to high-frequency oscillations which can adversely affect the robustness of an adaptive control law. A new adaptive control modification is presented that can achieve robust adaptation with a large adaptive gain without incurring high-frequency oscillations as with the standard model-reference adaptive control. The modification is based on the minimization of the Y2 norm of the tracking error, which is formulated as an optimal control problem. The optimality condition is used to derive the modification using the gradient method. The optimal control modification results in a stable adaptation and allows a large adaptive gain to be used for better tracking while providing sufficient robustness. A damping term (v) is added in the modification to increase damping as needed. Simulations were

15 conducted on a damaged F-18 aircraft (McDonnell Douglas, now The Boeing Company, Chicago, Illinois) with both the standard baseline dynamic inversion controller and the adaptive optimal control modiﬁcation technique. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modiﬁcation in tracking a reference model. Author Flight Control; Model Reference Adaptive Control; Optimal Control; Control Theory; F-18 Aircraft; Robustness (Mathematics)

20100017522 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Flight Evaluation and Technology Transition Xargay, Enric; Hovakimyan, Naira; Dobrokhodov, Vladimir; Kaminer, Isaac; Gregory, Irene M.; Cao, Chengyu; 20-22 Apr. 2010; 16 pp.; In English; AIAA Infotech\@Aerospace 2010, 20-22 Apr. 2010, Atlanta, GA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.07.43.16.01 Report No.(s): AIAA Paper 2010-3365; NF1676L-10599; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017522 Certification of adaptive control technologies for both manned and unmanned aircraft represent a major challenge for current Verification and Validation techniques. A (missing) key step towards flight certification of adaptive flight control systems is the definition and development of analysis tools and methods to support Verification and Validation for nonlinear systems, similar to the procedures currently used for linear systems. In this paper, we describe and demonstrate the advantages of L(sub l) adaptive control architectures for closing some of the gaps in certification of adaptive flight control systems, which may facilitate the transition of adaptive control into military and commercial aerospace applications. As illustrative examples, we present the results of a piloted simulation evaluation on the NASA AirSTAR flight test vehicle, and results of an extensive flight test program conducted by the Naval Postgraduate School to demonstrate the advantages of L(sub l) adaptive control as a verifiable robust adaptive flight control system. Author Adaptive Control; Flight Control; Flight Test Vehicles; Technology Utilization; Aerospace Engineering

09 RESEARCH AND SUPPORT FACILITIES (AIR) Includes airports, runways, hangars, and aircraft repair and overhaul facilities; wind tunnels, water tunnels, and shock tubes; ﬂight simulators; and aircraft engine test stands. Also includes airport ground equipment and systems. For airport ground operations see 03 Air Transportation and Safety. For astronautical facilities see 14 Ground Support Systems and Facilities (Space).

20100017030 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Silver Spring, MD USA Hardened Aircraft Shelter Test Program Swisdak, Jr, Michael M; Aug 1992; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517651; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Operation DISTANT RUNNER produced data on the size and distribution of both airblast and debris produced by the detonation of 4500 kilograms of high explosive inside a Third Generation Hardened Aircraft Shelter. DISTANT RUNNER also produced data on the fragment/debris hazard ranges which are associated with detonations inside the shelter. After the full scale tests were completed, that event was modeled at two scales 1:10 and 1:4. These structures utilized detailed geometric modeling of both the rebar and the aggregate with which the reinforced structure was built. The concrete mixture, however, was modeled for the full-scale compressive strength. The 1:10 size model appeared to behave as if it were more like a 1:7 scale model. This appeared in the airblast, the size and distribution of the debris, and the hazard ranges produced by the debris. Because of this, testing at a larger scale was undertaken. This paper will present the results of breakup and debris throw for a quarter-scale shelter. Results obtained from all three scales will also be compared. For the structure modeled in these tests and with the decisions which were made about the details of the modeling utilized, the apparent scale factor (as determined from the breakup of the structure) differs from the design scale factor. As the scale size becomes larger (i.e., smaller models), the differences between design and apparent scale factor increases. DTIC Shelters; Compressive Strength; Detonation; Fragments; Explosives

16 20100017052 National Agricultural Statistics Service, Washington, DC, USA Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the USA Census of Agriculture Abreu, Denise A.; McCarthy, Jaki S.; January 2009; 9 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105496; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy For the 2002 Census of Agriculture (COA), the number of operations misclassified (either as farms or non-farms) in the COA was estimated. Operations in NASSs June Agricultural Survey (JAS) and the COA were matched and their answers compared. Misclassification estimates were based on the assumption that the JAS was truth. The misclassification rate was small but it was clear that the JAS assumption was not always justified. The 2007 Classification Error Survey focused on understanding why operations reported differently in the JAS and COA, rather than estimating misclassification. Operations in the 2007 COA and JAS were matched but neither report was assumed as truth. Instead, operations were reinterviewed and respondents asked to resolve discrepancies. More errors were found in the JAS than in the COA, and were related to respondents, enumerators and NASS procedures. A multipart solution will be required to address them. NTIS Agriculture; Census; Classifications; Identifying; United States

12 ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to space ﬂight and manned and unmanned space vehicles, platforms or objects launched into, or assembled in, outer space; and related components and equipment. Also includes manufacturing and maintenance of such vehicles or platforms. For speciﬁc topics in astronautics see categories 13 through 20. For extraterrestrial exploration see 91 Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration.

20100016993 Colorado Univ., Colorado Springs, CO USA Charging Effects on Fluid Stream Droplets for Momentum Exchange Between Spacecraft Joslyn, Thomas B.; January 2009; 196 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-5026 Report No.(s): AD-A516394; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This dissertation presents the results of research on a novel satellite propulsion concept that relies on the constant transfer of momentum through projection of silicon oil droplet streams through space. The system is primarily applicable to satellites ﬂying side-by-side in formation that require a constant distance between them in order to conduct certain missions such as interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations. Rational for selection of the silicone oil DC705 as the best working ﬂuid is presented. Droplet size, velocity, and spacing needed for station keeping of various satellite mass and separation distance combinations is evaluated. Droplet streams of diameters demonstrated in this study and speeds demonstrated in past research can satisfy propulsion needs of reasonably sized satellites in any earth orbit with at least a kilometer of separation. A continuous droplet stream system requires an order of magnitude less mass than comparable electric propulsion systems and two orders of magnitude less power. The focus of this study is droplet charging in space due to various mechanisms associated with ambient plasma and photoemissions. DTIC Drops (Liquids); Electric Propulsion; Momentum; Momentum Transfer; Spacecraft Charging

20100017138 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Science and Technology Review July/August 2009 Bearinger, Jane P.; June 28, 2009; 28 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48; DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-963528; UCRL-TR-52000-09-7/8; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This month’s issue has the following articles: (1) Game-Changing Science in the National Interest - Commentary by Tomas Diaz de la Rubia; (2) Preventing Close Encounters of the Orbiting Kind - The Testbed Environment for Space Situational Awareness is improving capabilities for monitoring and detecting threats to space operations; (3) A CAT Scanner for Nuclear Weapon Components - A new x-ray system images nuclear weapon components in three dimensions, promising unprecedented resolution and clarity; (4) Mass-Producing Positrons - Scientists reveal a new method for yielding a greater density of positrons at a much faster rate inside a laboratory setting; and (5) The Next Generation of Medical Diagnostic

17 Devices - Portable medical diagnostic devices using ultrawideband technology help ﬁrst responders evaluate injuries in emergency situations and could improve overall health care. NTIS Research and Development; Technologies

20100017342 National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC, USA NOAA’s Education Program: Review and Critique Farrington, John W.; Feder, Michael A.; January 2010; 168 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DG133R07CN0261 Report No.(s): PB2010-107177; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is responsible for understanding and predicting changes in the Earth’s environment and conserving and managing coastal and marine resources to meet the nation’s economic, social, and environmental needs. Since it was created in 1970, the agency has supported education projects that cover a range of topics related to the agency’s scientific and stewardship mission, including ocean, atmospheric, climate, and environmental sciences. Given human dependence on the Earth for health, wellbeing, and economic growth, the importance of these interconnected fields and environmental stewardship cannot be overstated. Education efforts at NOAA are distributed across a range of internal offices. Some of them have long had mandates to engage in education activities, but it was not until 2007 that NOAA received an agency-wide mandate for education through the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science (COMPETES) Act. The act calls for NOAA to support and coordinate formal and informal educational activities to enhance public awareness and understanding of issues related to its mission. The act also requires that NOAA develop a 20-year education plan, to be reevaluated and updated every 5 years. The Committee for the Review of the NOAA Education Program was established by the National Research Council (NRC) to take stock of the existing education portfolio and review the education strategic plan mandated by the America COMPETES Act. The committee was specifically asked to comment on: 1. NOAA’s role in education, 2. its education goals and outcomes, 3. the composition and management of its education portfolio, 4. its education evaluation practice, and 5. the impact of its education efforts. NTIS Education; Atmospheric Physics; Atmospheric Chemistry; Marine Meteorology; Marine Resources; Climate

14 GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE) Includes launch complexes, research and production facilities; ground support equipment, e.g., mobile transporters; and test chambers and simulators. Also includes extraterrestrial bases and supporting equipment. For related information see also 09 Research and Support Facilities (Air).

20100017437 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Dawn Ground Data System Engineering Challenge Dubon, Lydia P.; June 19, 2006; 7 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2006, Rome, Italy, June 6, 2006, 6 Jun. 2006, Rome, Italy; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41551 The Dawn Project has presented the Ground Data System (GDS) with technical challenges driven by cost and schedule constraints commonly associated with National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Discovery Projects. The Dawn mission consists of a new and exciting Deep Space partnership among: the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), manages the project and is responsible for flight operation; Orbital Sciences Corporation (OSC), is the spacecraft builder and is responsible for flight system test and integration; and the University of California, at Los Angeles (UCLA), is responsible for science planning and operations. As a cost-capped mission, one of Dawn’s implementation strategies is to leverage from both flight and ground heritage. OSC’s ground data system is used for flight system test and integration as part of the flight heritage strategy. Mission operations, however, are to be conducted with JPL’s ground system. The system engineering challenge of dealing with two heterogeneous ground systems emerged immediately. During the first technical interchange meeting between the JPL’s GDS Team and OSC’s Flight Software Team, August 2003, the need to integrate the ground system with the flight software was brought to the table. This need was driven by the project’s commitment to enable instrument engineering model integration in a spacecraft simulator environment, for both demonstration and risk mitigation purposes, by April 2004. This paper will describe the system engineering approach that was undertaken by JPL’s GDS Team in order to meet the technical

18 challenge within a non-negotiable eight-month schedule. Key to the success was adherence to fundamental systems engineering practices: decomposition of the project request into manageable requirements; integration of multiple ground disciplines and experts into a focused team effort; definition of a structured yet flexible development process; definition of an in-process risk reduction plan; and aggregation of the intermediate products to an integrated final product. In addition, this paper will highlight the role of lessons learned from the integration experience. The lessons learned from an early GDS deployment have served as the foundation for the design and implementation of the Dawn Ground Data System. Author Ground Tests; Flight Operations; NASA Programs; Applications Programs (Computers); Data Systems; Deployment; Project Management; Spacecraft Environments; Data Acquisition

20100017507 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA MCCx C3I Control Center Interface Emulator Mireles, James R.; [2010]; 17 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010, 26-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20407; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017507 This slide presentation reviews the project to develop and demonstrate alternate Information Technologies and systems for new Mission Control Centers that will reduce the cost of facility development, maintenance and operational costs and will enable more efficient cost and effective operations concepts for ground support operations. The development of a emulator for the Control Center capability will enable the facilities to conduct the simulation requiring interactivity with the Control Center when it is off line or unavailable, and it will support testing of C3I interfaces for both command and telemetry data exchange messages (DEMs). CASI Cost Reduction; Ground Operational Support System; Simulation

15 LAUNCH VEHICLES AND LAUNCH OPERATIONS Includes all classes of launch vehicles, launch/space vehicle systems, and boosters; and launch operations. For related information see also 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power.

20100017091 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Using Web 2.0 Techniques in NASA’s Ares Engineering Operations Network (AEON) Environment - First Impressions Scott, David W.; Proceedings of 2009 IEEE Aerospace Conference; March 6, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The Mission Operations Laboratory (MOL) at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is responsible for Engineering Support capability for NASA s Ares rocket development and operations. In pursuit of this, MOL is building the Ares Engineering and Operations Network (AEON), a web-based portal to support and simplify two critical activities: Access and analyze Ares manufacturing, test, and ﬂight performance data, with access to Shuttle data for comparison Establish and maintain collaborative communities within the Ares teams/subteams and with other projects, e.g., Space Shuttle, International Space Station (ISS). AEON seeks to provide a seamless interface to a) locally developed engineering applications and b) a Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) collaborative environment that includes Web 2.0 capabilities, e.g., blogging, wikis, and social networking. This paper discusses how Web 2.0 might be applied to the typically conservative engineering support arena, based on feedback from Integration, Veriﬁcation, and Validation (IV&V) testing and on searching for their use in similar environments. Author Communication Networks; World Wide Web; Systems Integration; Ares 1 Launch Vehicle

20100017229 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of the Human Exploration of Mars Feldman, Stuart; Borowski, Stanley; Engelund, Walter; Hundley, Jason; Monk, Timothy; Munk, Michelle; March 10, 2010; 26 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): IEEEAC Paper 1169; M10-0397; M10-0205; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017229 In support of the Mars Design Reference Architecture (DRA) 5.0, the NASA study team analyzed several shroud options

19 for use on the Ares V launch vehicle.1,2 These shroud options included conventional ‘large encapsulation’ shrouds with outer diameters ranging from 8.4 to 12.9 meters (m) and overall lengths of 22.0 to 54.3 meters, along with a ‘nosecone-only’ shroud option used for Mars transfer vehicle component delivery. Also examined was a ‘multi-use’ aerodynamic encapsulation shroud used for launch, Mars aerocapture, and entry, descent, and landing of the cargo and habitat landers. All conventional shroud options assessed for use on the Mars launch vehicles were the standard biconic design derived from the reference shroud utilized in the Constellation Program s lunar campaign. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss the technical details of each of these shroud options including material properties, structural mass, etc., while also discussing both the volume and mass of the various space transportation and surface system payload elements required to support a ‘minimum launch’ Mars mission strategy, as well as the synergy, potential differences and upgrade paths that may be required between the Lunar and Mars mission shrouds. Author Ares 5 Cargo Launch Vehicle; Shrouds; Encapsulating; Launching; Mars Missions; Payloads; Habitats; Aerocapture

20100017233 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X Leahy, Bart; [2010]; 4 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0178; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017233 On October 28, 2009, one day later than the originally planned launch date, the Ares I-X suborbital test flight roared into the Florida sky. Flying its preplanned parabolic arc over the Atlantic, the development test vehicle for the Ares I crew launch vehicle performed as advertised, executing a perfect liftoff, 90-degree roll maneuver, ascent, and separation before its upper and lower stages descended into the ocean 150 miles downrange. This test flight, while carrying no astronauts, marked a major milestone for NASA, which had not flown a test launch of a human-rated rocket since the first flight of the Space Shuttle in 1981. During the flight, over 700 sensors collected over 900 measurements, which NASA will apply to validating the engineering models they used to design the vehicle in the first place. That data, telemetered to the ground and stored in a flight recorder onboard, was the primary ‘payload’ of the mission. Author Ares 1 Launch Vehicle; Launching; Suborbital Flight; Test Vehicles; Ascent; Space Shuttles

20100017355 Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, USA Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues, February 1, 2010 Best, Richard A., Jr.; Elsea, Jennifer K.; February 01, 2010; 28 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106645; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy Reconnaissance satellites, ﬁrst deployed in the early 1960s to peer into denied regions of the Soviet Union and other secretive enemy states, have from time to time been used by civilian agencies of the federal government to assist with mapping, disaster relief, and environmental concerns. These uses have been coordinated by the Civil Applications Office at the U.S. Geological Survey, a component of the Interior Department. Post 9/11, the Bush Administration sought to encourage use of satellite-derived data for homeland security and law enforcement purposes, in addition to the civil applications that have been supported for years. In 2007, it moved to transfer responsibility for coordinating civilian use of satellites to the Department of Homeland Security. The initiative was launched, however, apparently without notiﬁcation of key congressional oversight committees. NTIS Law (Jurisprudence); Reconnaissance; Security

20100017485 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Development of a Remotely Operated Autonomous Satellite Tracking System Graff, Michael E.; March 2010; 136 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517531; AFIT/GSS/ENY/10-M03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) AFIT is currently developing a capability to remotely and autonomously track LEO satellites using commercial telescopes. Currently, the system is capable of open-loop tracking based on Two-Line Element sets (TLEs) downloaded from NORAD’s space object catalog. The ability to actively track using a closed-loop control system would allow tracking of satellites which deviated from the published TLEs along with providing some information about the object’s new orbital

20 elements. To accomplish closed-loop tracking, the object is imaged by a digital camera connected to a wide ﬁeld-of-view (WFOV) spotting scope. Software was developed to provide azimuth and elevation inputs in order to center the object within the WFOV. Pixel centroid location along with telescope azimuth and elevation commands can be recorded for use in estimating updated orbital elements. This thesis documents the current efforts towards achieving a remotely operated autonomous tracking optical system. Future application could include networking to other geographically-separated telescopes to allow simultaneous observation of the same space objects to accurately document orbital maneuvers. DTIC Autonomous Navigation; Autonomy; Navigation Satellites; Remote Control; Satellite Tracking

20100017568 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions of Plug-and-Play Sat I Trottier, Michael D.; March 2010; 93 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517380; AFIT/GA/ENY/10-M12; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Researchers at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) and the Operationally Responsive Space (ORS) Office have conducted extensive vibration testing and structural modeling on the first ORS Plug-and-Play Satellite (PnPSAT I). The intent of this research effort is to evaluate the premise that current post-integration spacecraft environmental test requirements can be reduced or modified using accurately tuned finite element (FE) models. As part of this research, modal testing was conducted on the PnPSAT I structural panels at AFIT. The modal testing was part of a much larger series of experimental trials on various configurations of PnPSAT I at the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) facilities at Kirtland Air Force Base (KAFB). Multiple sets of vibration data were also collected from accelerometers on PnPSAT I from standard and modified spacecraft prelaunch sine sweep and random vibration tests. The modal data collected at AFIT is used to tune two PnPSAT I panel FE models and the random vibration data collected at KAFB is used to tune the complete satellite for one configuration. The goal is to create an accurate FE model capable of predicting the dynamic response in a frequency range of 0-300 Hz of various PnPSAT configurations. This modeling and tuning effort will be validated by comparing FE model predictions with measured vibrational response from the previously mentioned experimental trial. DTIC Accuracy; Artificial Satellites; Dynamic Response; Finite Element Method; Plugs; Vibration

20100017624 NASA Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, FL USA Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Rapid Propellant Loading System (Postprint) Goodrich, Charlie; Hatfield, Walter; Johnson, Robert; Narasimhan, Sriram; Daigle, Matthew; Brown, Barbara; Proceedings of the Commercial and Government Access to Space Technology Exchange (CRASTE 09’); June 2009; 10 pp.; In English; Commercial and Government Access to Space Technology Exchange (CRASTE 09’), 25-29 Oct. 2009, Dayton, OH, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-AOFN; 0602201 Report No.(s): AD-A516361; AFRL-RB-WP-TP-2010-3014; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017624; http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516361 The overall objective of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Rapid Propellant Loading (RPL) Program is to develop a launch vehicle, payload and ground support equipment that can support a rapid propellant load and launch within one hour. NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC) has been funded by AFRL to develop hardware and software to demonstrate this capability. The key features of the software would be the ability to recognize and adapt to failures in the physical hardware components, advise operators of equipment faults and workarounds, and put the system in a safe configuration if unable to fly. In December 2008 NASA KSC and NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) demonstrated model-based simulation and diagnosis capabilities for a scaled-down configuration of the RPL hardware. In this paper we present a description of the model-based technologies that were included as part of this demonstration and the results that were achieved. In continuation of this work we are currently testing the technologies on a simulation of the complete RPL system. Later in the year, when the RPL hardware is ready, we will be integrating these technologies with the real-time operation of the system to provide live state estimates. In future years we will be developing the capability to recover from faulty conditions via redundancy and reconfiguration. Author Launch Vehicles; Payloads; Propellants; Ground Support Equipment; Replenishment; Refueling

21 20100017731 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Orbit from a Tethered Balloon Wilcox, Brian H.; March 4, 2006; 17 pp.; In English; IEEE Aerospace Conference, 4 Mar. 2006, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41563 Propellant will be more than 85% of the mass that needs to be lofted into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) in the planned program of Exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond. This paper describes a possible means for launching thousands of tons of propellant per year into LEO at a cost 15 to 30 times less than the current launch cost per kilogram. The basic idea is to mass-produce very simple, small and relatively low-performance rockets at a cost per kilogram comparable to automobiles, instead of the ~25X greater cost that is customary for current launch vehicles that are produced in small quantities and which are manufactured with performance near the limits of what is possible. These small, simple rockets can reach orbit because they are launched above ~95% of the atmosphere, where the drag losses even on a small rocket are acceptable, and because they can be launched nearly horizontally with very simple guidance based primarily on spin-stabilization. Launching above most of the atmosphere is accomplished by winching the rocket up a tether to a balloon. A fuel depot in equatorial orbit passes over the launch site on every orbit (approximately every 90 minutes). One or more rockets can be launched each time the fuel depot passes overhead, so the launch rate can be any multiple of 6000 small rockets per year, a number that is sufficient to reap the beneﬁts of mass production. Author Tethered Balloons; Propellants; Low Earth Orbits; Launch Costs; Spin Stabilization; Low Cost

16 SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND SAFETY Includes passenger and cargo space transportation, e.g., shuttle operations; and space rescue techniques. For related information see also 03 Air Transportation and Safety; 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations; and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance. For space suits see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.

20100017223 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Populations in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Regimes Xu, Y.-L.; Hill, . M.; Horstman, M.; Krisko, P. H.; Liou, J.-C.; Matney, M.; Stansbery, E. G.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 61st International Astronautical Congress, 27 Sep. - 1 Oct. 2010, Prague, Czech Republic Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20066; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The building of the NASA Orbital Debris Engineering Model, whether ORDEM2000 or its recently updated version ORDEM2010, uses as its foundation a number of model debris populations, each truncated at a minimum object-size ranging from 10 micron to 1 m. This paper discusses the development of the ORDEM2010 model debris populations in LEO (low Earth orbit), focusing on centimeter (smaller than 10 cm) and millimeter size regimes. Primary data sets used in the statistical derivation of the cm- and mm-size model populations are from the Haystack radar operated in a staring mode. Unlike cataloged objects of sizes greater than approximately 10 cm, ground-based radars monitor smaller-size debris only in a statistical manner instead of tracking every piece. The mono-static Haystack radar can detect debris as small as approximately 5 mm at moderate LEO altitudes. Estimation of millimeter debris populations (for objects smaller than approximately 6 mm) rests largely on Goldstone radar measurements. The bi-static Goldstone radar can detect 2- to 3-mm objects. The modeling of the cm- and mm-debris populations follows the general approach to developing other ORDEM2010-required model populations for various components and types of debris. It relies on appropriate reference populations to provide necessary prior information on the orbital structures and other important characteristics of the debris objects. NASA’s LEO-to-GEO Environment Debris (LEGEND) model is capable of furnishing such reference populations in the desired size range. A Bayesian statistical inference process, commonly adopted in ORDEM2010 model-population derivations, changes a priori distribution into a posteriori distribution and thus reﬁnes the reference populations in terms of data. This paper describes key elements and major steps in the statistical derivations of the cm- and mm-size debris populations and presents results. Due to lack of data for near 1-mm sizes, the model populations of 1- to 3.16-mm objects are an empirical extension from larger debris. The extension takes into account the results of micro-debris (from 10 micron to 1 mm) population modeling that is based on shuttle impact data, in the hope of making a smooth transition between micron and millimeter size regimes. This paper also includes a brief discussion on issues and potential future work concerning the analysis and interpretation of Goldstone radar data. Author Earth Orbital Environments; Space Debris; Models; Low Earth Orbits

22 20100017226 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Orbital Debris: Quarterly News, Volume 14, Issue 2 Liou, J. C.; April 2010; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20368; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017226 This bulletin contains articles from the Orbital Debris Program office. This issue’s articles are: ‘Orbital Debris Success Story --A Decade in the Making’, ‘Old and New Satellite Breakups Identiﬁed,’ ‘Update on Three Major Debris Clouds,’ and ‘MMOD Inspection of the HST Bay 5 Multi-Layer Insulation Panel’ about micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) inspection of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) insulation panel. A project review is also included (i.e., ‘Small Debris Observations from the Iridium 33/Cosmos 2251 Collision.’) There are also abstracts of conference papers from the staff of the program office. CASI Micrometeoroids; Space Debris; NASA Programs

20100017776 Jacobs Technologies Engineering Science Contract Group, Houston, TX, USA Results and Analysis from Space Suit Joint Torque Testing Matty, Jennifer; [2010]; 8 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 731384 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20467; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017776 A space suit’s mobility is critical to an astronaut’s ability to perform work efficiently. As mobility increases, the astronaut can perform tasks for longer durations with less fatigue. Mobility can be broken down into two parts: range of motion (ROM) and torque. These two measurements describe how the suit moves and how much force it takes to move. Two methods were chosen to deﬁne mobility requirements for the Constellation Space Suit Element (CSSE). One method focuses on range of motion and the second method centers on joint torque. A joint torque test was conducted to determine a baseline for current advanced space suit joint torques. This test utilized the following space suits: Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU), Advanced Crew Escape Suit (ACES), I-Suit, D-Suit, Enhanced Mobility (EM)- ACES, and Mark III (MK-III). Data was collected data from 16 different joint movements of each suit. The results were then reviewed and CSSE joint torque requirement values were selected. The focus of this paper is to discuss trends observed during data analysis. Author Space Suits; Mobility; Torque; Astronauts; Extravehicular Mobility Units

20100017827 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Observed Coupling Between the International Space Station PCU Plasma and a FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the Geomagnetic Field Hartman, William; Koontz, Steven L.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Spacecraft Charging Technology Conference, 20-24 Sep. 2010, Albuquerque, NM, USA Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20624; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Electrical charging of the International Space Station (ISS) is a matter of serious concern resulting from the possibility of vehicle arcing and electrical shock hazard to crew during extravehicular activity (EVA). A Plasma Contactor Unit (PCU) was developed and integrated into ISS in order to control the ISS ﬂoating potential, thereby, minimize vehicle charging and associated hazards. One of the principle factors affecting ISS electrical charging is the ionosphere plasma state (i.e., electron temperature and density). To support ISS electrical charging studies a Floating Potential Monitoring Unit (FPMU) is also integrated into ISS in order to measure the ionosphere properties using Langmuir probes (LP). The FPMU was located on the Starboard side of ISS. The PCU is located near the center of ISS with its plasma exhaust pointed to port. From its integration on ISS in 2006 through November of 2009, the FPMU data exhibited nominal characteristics during PCU operation. On November 21, 2009 the FPMU was relocated from the Starboard location to a new Port location. After relocation signiﬁcant enhanced noise was observed in both the LP current-voltage sweeps and the derived electron temperature data. The enhanced noise only occurred when the PCU was in discharge and at unique and repeatable locations of the ISS orbit. The cause of this enhanced noise was investigated. It was found that there is coupling occurring between the PCU plasma and the FPMU LP. In this paper we shall 1) present the on-orbit data and the presence of enhanced noise, 2) demonstrate that the coupling of the PCU plasma and the FPMU measurements is geomagnetically organized, 3) show that coupling of the PCU plasma and the

23 FPMU is primarily due to and driven by particle-wave interaction and 4) show that the ionosphere conditions are adequate for Alfven waves to be generated by the PCU plasma. Author Electric Potential; International Space Station; Hazards; Extravehicular Activity; Particle Interactions; Magnetohydrodynamic Waves; Geomagnetism; Electron Energy; Plasma Waves

17 SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING Includes space systems telemetry; space communications networks; astronavigation and guidance; and spacecraft radio blackout. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 32 Communications and Radar.

20100017175 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Morinelli, Patrick J.; Socoby, Joseph; Hendry, Steve; Campion, Richard; [2010]; 16 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010 Conference, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017175 This paper details the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Flight Dynamics Facility (FDF) tracking data certification effort of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Space Communications Network (SCN) complement of tracking stations consisting of the NASA White Sands 1 antenna (WS1), and the commercial provider Universal Space Network (USN) antennas at South Point, Hawaii; Dongara Australia; Weilheim, Germany; and Kiruna, Sweden. Certification assessment required the cooperation and coordination of parties not under the control of either the LRO project or ground stations as uplinks on cooperating spacecraft were necessary. The LRO range-tracking requirement of 10m 1 sigma could be satisfactorily demonstrated using any typical spacecraft capable of range tracking. Though typical Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) or Geosynchronous Earth Orbiting (GEO) spacecraft may be adequate for range certification, their measurement dynamics and noise would be unacceptable for proper Doppler certification of 1-3mm/sec 1 sigma. As LRO will orbit the Moon, it was imperative that a suitable target spacecraft be utilized which can closely mimic the expected lunar orbital Doppler dynamics of +/-1.6km/sec and +/-1.5m/sq sec to +/-0.15m/sq sec, is in view of the ground stations, supports coherent S-Band Doppler tracking measurements, and can be modeled by the FDF. In order to meet the LRO metric tracking data specifications, the SCN ground stations employed previously uncertified numerically controlled tracking receivers. Initial certification testing revealed certain characteristics of the units that required resolution before being granted certification. Author Lunar Orbiter; Reconnaissance; Tracking Stations; Targets; Communication Networks; Geosynchronous Orbits; Ground Stations; Low Earth Orbits; Spacecraft Tracking; Doppler Radar

20100017288 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA A Global Approach to Delta Differential One-Way Range Border, James S.; Proceedings of the International Symposium on Space Technology and Science; June 4, 2006; Volume 25, pp. 581-586; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Report No.(s): ISTS 2006-d-49; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41550 Radio interferometric techniques for measuring spacecraft angular position play a role of increasing importance in today’s missions of interplanetary exploration. Several national and international space agencies have or are developing operational systems to support spacecraft navigation using interferometric measurements. NASA’s Deep Space Network has provided Delta Differential One-way Range ((Delta)DOR) for this purpose since 1980. Steady improvements in system performance and operability have taken place with accuracy today approaching the 1-nrad level. In this paper the current performance of NASA’s (Delta)DOR system is presented. Recent data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter cruise from Earth to Mars are used to illustrate system performance at 8.4 and 32 GHz. Technical feasibility and requirements for combining tracking stations from different agencies to support (Delta)DOR observations are discussed. The advantages of having additional

24 stations to form baselines for measurements are presented. Results of a covariance study for encounter targeting are given for a candidate mission that may need (Delta)DOR data from additional baselines. Author Interferometry; Tracking Stations; Space Navigation; Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

20100017412 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA Development and Application of Distributed MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for AUV Object Avoidance Fernandez, Vicente I.; Hou, Stephen M.; Hover, Franz S.; Lang, Jeffrey H.; Triantafyllou, Michael S.; January 2009; 20 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NOAA-NA06OAR4170019; R/RT-2/RCM-17 Report No.(s): PB2010-105976; MITSG-09-7; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy A novel sensory system is being developed for AUVs to augment current sensory systems for navigation and operation in difficult environments. These environments are frequently cluttered and murky with substantial ﬂow from currents or waves, frustraing sonar and vision systems while posing an increased risk to AUVs. In order to manage such situations, a better ability to locate and identify physical objects is needed. This gap could be ﬁlled by small low frequency pressure sensors distributed over the surface of the AUV in dense arrays. NTIS Autonomous Navigation; Microelectromechanical Systems; Pressure Sensors; Sensors

20100017549 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of-Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Tracking System Ni, Jianjun; Arndt, Dickey; Ngo, Phong; Phan, Chau; Dekome, Kent; Dusl, John; [2010]; 7 pp.; In English; IEEE/ION Position Location and Nav Symposium 2010, 4-6 May 2010, Palm Springs, CA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20558; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017549 This paper describes a research and development effort for a prototype ultra-wideband (UWB) tracking system that is currently under development at NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC). The system is being studied for use in tracking of lunar./Mars rovers and astronauts during early exploration missions when satellite navigation systems are not available. U IATB impulse radio (UWB-IR) technology is exploited in the design and implementation of the prototype location and tracking system. A three-dimensional (3D) proximity tracking prototype design using commercially available UWB products is proposed to implement the Time-Difference- Of-Arrival (TDOA) tracking methodology in this research effort. The TDOA tracking algorithm is utilized for location estimation in the prototype system, not only to exploit the precise time resolution possible with UWB signals, but also to eliminate the need for synchronization between the transmitter and the receiver. Simulations show that the TDOA algorithm can achieve the ﬁne tracking resolution with low noise TDOA estimates for close-in tracking. Field tests demonstrated that this prototype UWB TDOA High Resolution 3D Proximity Tracking System is feasible for providing positioning-awareness information in a 3D space to a robotic control system. This 3D tracking system is developed for a robotic control system in a facility called ‘Moonyard’ at Honeywell Defense & System in Arizona under a Space Act Agreement. Author Broadband; Satellite Navigation Systems; Roving Vehicles; Field Tests; Tracking (Position); Transmitter Receivers; Low Noise

20100017591 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA CCSDS SM and C Mission Operations Interoperability Prototype Lucord, Steven A.; April 30, 2010; 20 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2010 Conference: Delivering on the Dream, 25-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, Alabama, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20428; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017591 This slide presentation reviews the prototype of the Spacecraft Monitor and Control (SM&C) Operations for interoperability among other space agencies. This particular prototype uses the German Space Agency (DLR) to test the ideas for interagency coordination. CASI Interoperability; Prototypes; Spacecraft Communication; International Cooperation

25 20100017710 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space Network Deutsch, Leslie J.; Preston, Robert A.; Geldzahler, Barry J.; January 16, 2008; 20 pp.; In English; Internaltional Primitive Body Exploration Working Group, 14 Jan. 2008, Okinawa, Japan; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41526 This slide presentation reviews the importance of NASA’s Deep Space Network (DSN) to space exploration, and future planned improvements to the communication capabilities that the network allows, in terms of precision, and communication power. CASI Deep Space Network; Space Exploration; Interplanetary Flight; Manned Space Flight; Space Communication

20100017755 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Orbit Maneuver for Responsive Coverage Using Electric Propulsion Hall, Timothy S.; March 2010; 99 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516854; AFIT/GSS/ENY/10-M04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516854 The use of continuous electric propulsion to manipulate a satellite’s orbit offers signiﬁcant potential for enhancing coverage of a target in ways not previously considered. Elliptical orbits utilizing a very low perigee can facilitate access to the surface and atmosphere of the Earth at sub-ionosphere altitudes while counteracting atmospheric drag forces using continuous electric propulsion. Additionally, in-plane and out-of-plane manipulation of both circular and elliptical orbits can allow for passage of a satellite over a target at a given time. Sustained low perigee orbit was modeled with an initial perigee altitude of 100 km and various apogee altitudes to derive a range of apogee altitudes that could sustain the orbit. Operation was demonstrated for current as well as future thruster capabilities. To evaluate opportunities for a scheduled access, circular and various elliptical orbits were modeled using continuous thrust. It was found that electric propulsion was capable of improving potential temporal access of a target to 30% for circular orbits and nearly 70% for elliptical orbits. Recommendations include further modeling of low perigee orbits and the effects of atmospheric variation at solar extremes on mission lifetime. Derivation of optimal thrust duration and angle could greatly enhance the performance of the thruster and warrants continued research. Finally, the use of responsive maneuver operationally will require development of a scheduling algorithm to plan passage over a given target at a given time. DTIC Electric Propulsion; Earth Ionosphere; Elliptical Orbits; Orbital Maneuvers

20100017807 Engineering Research and Consulting, Inc., Houston, TX, USA Overview and Software Architecture of the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Optimization System Williams, Jacob; Senent, Juan S.; Ocampo, Cesar; Mathur, Ravi; Davis, Elizabeth C.; May 03, 2010; 8 pp.; In English; 4th International Conference on Astrodynamics Tools and Techniques, 3-6 May 2010, Madrid, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20553; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017807 The Copernicus Trajectory Design and Optimization System represents an innovative and comprehensive approach to on-orbit mission design, trajectory analysis and optimization. Copernicus integrates state of the art algorithms in optimization, interactive visualization, spacecraft state propagation, and data input-output interfaces, allowing the analyst to design spacecraft missions to all possible Solar System destinations. All of these features are incorporated within a single architecture that can be used interactively via a comprehensive GUI interface, or passively via external interfaces that execute batch processes. This paper describes the Copernicus software architecture together with the challenges associated with its implementation. Additionally, future development and planned new capabilities are discussed. Key words: Copernicus, Spacecraft Trajectory Optimization Software. Author Design Optimization; Trajectory Analysis; Graphical User Interface; Spacecraft Trajectories; Data Systems; Design Analysis; Mission Planning; Trajectory Optimization; Systems Engineering

26 18 SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE Includes satellites; space platforms; space stations; spacecraft systems and components such as thermal and environmental controls; and spacecraft control and stability characteristics. For life support systems see 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support. For related information see also 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; 39 Structural Mechanics; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety.

20100017069 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dynamics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO CAPE) Mission. Concept Presentation Janz, Scott; Smith, James C.; Mannino, Antonio; January 29, 2010; 156 pp.; In English; Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dynamics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO CAPE) Mission, 29 Jan. 2010, Greenbelt, MD, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A08, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017069 This slide presentation reviews the concepts of the Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dynamics Imager (GEO CEDI) which will be used on the GEO Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO CAPE) Mission. The primary science requirements require scans of the U.S. Coastal waters 3 times per day during the daylight hours. Included in the overview are presentations about the systems, the optics, the detectors, the mechanical systems, the electromechanical systems, the electrical design, the ﬂight software, the thermal systems, and the contamination prevention requirements. CASI Systems Engineering; Satellite Design; Structural Design; Functional Design Speciﬁcations; Spaceborne Telescopes; Satellite Observation; Spacecraft Structures; Optical Equipment

20100017267 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Development, Fabrication, and Testing of a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Exchanger for Constellation Spacecrafts Hawkins-Reynolds, Ebony; Le, Hung; Stephan, Ryan; [2010]; 7 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 119103.01.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20132; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017267 Microchannel technology can be incorporated into heat exchanger designs to decrease the mass and volume of space hardware. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration at the Johnson Space Center (NASA JSC) partnered with Pacific Northwest National Laboratories (PNNL) to develop a liquid/liquid microchannel heat exchanger that has significant mass and volume savings without sacrificing thermal and pressure drop performance. PNNL designed the microchannel heat exchanger to the same performance design requirements of a conventional plate and fin liquid/liquid heat exchanger; 3 kW duty with inlet temperatures of 26 C and 4 C. Both heat exchangers were tested using the same test parameters on a test apparatus and performance data compared. Author Heat Exchangers; Microchannels; Spacecraft Design; Cooling Systems

20100017376 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for the Ares I Common Bulkhead Walker, James; March 24, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; ASNT Spring Research Symposium and Conference, 22-26 Mar. 2010, Williamsburg, VA, USA Report No.(s): M10-0398; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only A large scale bonding demonstration test article was fabricated to prove out manufacturing techniques for the current design of the NASA Ares I Upper Stage common bulkhead. The common bulkhead serves as the single interface between the liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen portions of the Upper Stage propellant tank. The bulkhead consists of spin-formed aluminum domes friction stir welded to Y-rings and bonded to a perforated phenolic honeycomb core. Nondestructive evaluation methods are being developed for assessing core integrity and the core-to-dome bond line of the common bulkhead. Detection of manufacturing defects such as delaminations between the core and face sheets as well as service life defects such as crushed or sheared core resulting from impact loading are all of interest. The focus of this work will be on the application

27 of thermographic, shearographic, and phased array ultrasonic methods to the bonding demonstration article as well as various smaller test panels featuring design speciﬁc defect types and geometric features. Author Ares 1 Upper Stage; Bulkheads; Nondestructive Tests; Service Life; Composite Materials

20100017377 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Development of Weld Inspection of the Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper Stage Russell, Sam; Ezell, David; March 22, 2010; 29 pp.; In English; American Society for Nondestructive Testing Spring Research Symposium and Conference, 22-26 Mar. 2010, Williamsburg, VA, USA Report No.(s): M10-0159; M10-0424; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017377 NASA is designing a new crewed launch vehicle called Ares I to replace the Space Shuttle after its scheduled retirement in 2010. This new launch vehicle will build on the Shuttle technology in many ways including using a first stage based upon the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster, advanced aluminum alloys for the second stage tanks, and friction stir welding to assemble the second stage. Friction stir welding uses a spinning pin that is inserted in the joint between two panels that are to be welded. The pin mechanically mixes the metal together below the melting temperature to form the weld. Friction stir welding allows high strength joints in metals that would otherwise lose much of their strength as they are melted during the fusion welding process. One significant change from the Space Shuttle that impacts NDE is the implementation of self-reacting friction stir welding for non-linear welds on the primary metallic structure. The self-reacting technique differs from the conventional technique because the load of the pin tool pressing down on the metal being joined is reacted by a nut on the end of the tool rather than an anvil behind the part. No spacecraft has ever flown with a self-reacting friction stir weld, so this is a major advancement in the manufacturing process, bringing with it a whole new set of challenges for NDE to overcome. The metal microstructure and possible defects are different from other weld processes. Friction plug welds will be used to close out the hole remaining in the radial welds when friction stir welded. This plug welding also has unique challenges in inspection. The current state of development of these inspections will be presented, along with other information pertinent to NDE of the Ares I. Author Friction Stir Welding; Nondestructive Tests; Welded Joints; Ares 1 Upper Stage; Ares 1 Launch Vehicle

20100017543 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Status Lewis, John F.; Barido, Richard A.; Carrasquillo, Robyn; Cross, Cynthia d.; Rains, Ed; Tuan, George C.; [2010]; 4 pp.; In English; ICES Meeting, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 644423.02.36.12.10 Report No.(s): 2010-01-2457; JSC-CN-20395; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) is the ﬁrst crew transport vehicle to be developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the last thirty years. The CEV is being developed to transport the crew safely from the Earth to the Moon and back again. This year, the vehicle continued to go through design reﬁnements to reduce weight, meet requirements, and operate reliably. Preliminary Design Review was performed and long lead procurement items were started. The design of the Orion Environmental Control and Life Support (ECLS) system, which includes the life support and active thermal control systems, is progressing through the design stage into manufacturing. This paper covers the Orion ECLS development from April 2009 to April 2010 Author Crew Exploration Vehicle; Temperature Control; Life Support Systems; Design Analysis; Active Control; Transport Vehicles; Environmental Control

20100017559 NASA, Washington, DC USA Versatile honeycomb matrix heat shield Zell, Peter T., Inventor; February 16, 2010; 6 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed July 17, 2008; US-Patent-7,662,459; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/175,379; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017559 A thermal protection system for atmospheric entry of a vehicle, the system including a honeycomb structure with selected

28 cross sectional shapes that receives and holds thermally cured thermal protection (TP) blocks that have corresponding cross sectional shapes. Material composition for TP blocks in different locations can be varied to account for different atmospheric heating characteristics at the different locations. TP block side walls may be attached to all, or to less than all, the corresponding honeycomb structure side walls. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Honeycomb Structures; Heat Shielding; Thermal Protection; Atmospheric Entry; Temperature Effects

20100017675 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Thermal Control System for a Small, Extended Duration Lunar Surface Science Platform Bugby, D.; Farmer, J.; OConnor, B.; Wirzburger, M.; Abel, E.; Stouffer, C.; 9-11 Mar. 2010; 18 pp.; In English; Spacecraft Thermal COntrol Workshop, 9-11 Mar. 2010, El Segundo, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0336; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017675 The presentation slides include: Introduction: lunar mission deﬁnition, Problem: requirements/methodology, Concept: thermal switching options, Analysis: system evaluation, Plans: dual-radiator LHP (loop heat pipe) test bed, and Conclusions: from this study. Derived from text Lunar Surface; Heat Pipes; Temperature Control; Test Stands; Thermal Environments

20100017677 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Robotic Lunar Lander Development Project Status Hammond, Monica; Bassler, Julie; Morse, Brian; March 2010; 9 pp.; In English; 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC), 1-5 Mar. 2010, The Woodlands, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0395; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017677 This slide presentation reviews the status of the development of a robotic lunar lander. The goal of the project is to perform engineering tests and risk reduction activities to support the development of a small lunar lander for lunar surface science. This includes: (1) risk reduction for the flight of the robotic lander, (i.e., testing and analyzing various phase of the project); (2) the incremental development for the design of the robotic lander, which is to demonstrate autonomous, controlled descent and landing on airless bodies, and design of thruster configuration for 1/6th of the gravity of earth; (3) cold gas test article in flight demonstration testing; (4) warm gas testing of the robotic lander design; (5) develop and test landing algorithms; (6) validate the algorithms through analysis and test; and (7) tests of the flight propulsion system. CASI Flight Tests; Lunar Surface; Risk; Robotics; Lunar Exploration

20100017708 Texas Univ., Austin, TX, USA Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A Unified System for Trajectory Design and Optimization Ocampo, Cesar; Senent, Juan S.; Williams, Jacob; May 3, 2010; 8 pp.; In English; 4th International Conference on Astrodynamics Tools and Techniques, 3-6 May 2010, Madrid, Spain Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20552; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017708 The fundamental methods are described for the general spacecraft trajectory design and optimization software system called Copernicus. The methods rely on a unified framework that is used to model, design, and optimize spacecraft trajectories that may operate in complex gravitational force fields, use multiple propulsion systems, and involve multiple spacecraft. The trajectory model, with its associated equations of motion and maneuver models, are discussed. Author Design Optimization; Mathematical Models; Spacecraft Trajectories; Spacecraft Maneuvers

29 20100017869 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Design and Implementation of the MSL Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters Krylo, Robert; Mikhaylov, Rebecca; Cucullu, Gordon; Watkins, Brenda; February 2008; 15 pp.; In English; Spacecraft Thermal Control Workshop, 11 Mar. 2008, ElSegundo, CA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41537 This slide presentation reviews the design and the implementation of the heaters for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL). The pressurized tanks store hydrazine that freezes at 2 C, this means that heaters are required to keep the hydrazine and the helium at 36 C for the trip to Mars. Using the TMG software the heat loss was analyzed, and a thermal model simulates a half full tank which yielded a 13W heating requirement for each hemisphere. Views of the design, and the heater are included. CASI Heaters; Mars Missions; Fuel Tanks; Design Analysis; Structural Design; Propellant Storage; Propellant Tanks; Storage Tanks

19 SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION AND ASTRIONICS Includes the design, manufacture, or use of devices for the purpose of measuring, detecting, controlling, computing, recording, or processing data related to the operation of space vehicles or platforms. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation; for spaceborne instruments not integral to the vehicle itself see 35 Instrumentation and Photography; for spaceborne telescopes and other astronomical instruments see 89 Astronomy.

20100017439 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA A Few Examples of Spacecraft Anomalies Attributed to Transient Voltages and Currents Issues Perez, Ray; March 12, 2006; 7 pp.; In English; ACES Conference on Applied Computational Electromagnetics, 12-14 Mar. 2006, Miami, FL, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41554 It is easy to address voltage and current transient related issues when the hardware in question or similar type of hardware is always available to you and when such issues are deterministic in nature. Unexpected or unforeseen transient related problems are not always a challenge but become a severe concern when a unique piece of the hardware, which developed the problem, is in space; as it is with all satellites. This paper addresses in a qualitative manner, a few examples of voltage and current events of transient origin which disabled space hardware. Author Anomalies; Electric Potential; Low Voltage; Spacecraft Electronic Equipment

20100017713 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Instrument Pointing Control System for the Stellar Interferometry Mission - Planet Quest Brugarolas, Paul B.; Kang, Bryan; May 24, 2006; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41568 This paper describes the high precision Instrument Pointing Control System (PCS) for the Stellar Interferometry Mission (SIM) - Planet Quest. The PCS system provides front-end pointing, compensation for spacecraft motion, and feedforward stabilization, which are needed for proper interference. Optical interferometric measurements require very precise pointing (0.03 as, 1-(sigma) radial) for maximizing the interference pattern visibility. This requirement is achieved by ﬁne pointing control of articulating pointing mirrors with feedback from angle tracking cameras. The overall pointing system design concept is presentcd. Functional requirements and an acquisition concept are given. Guide and Science pointing control loops are discussed. Simulation analyses demonstrate the feasibility of the design. Author Pointing Control Systems; Feedforward Control; Systems Engineering; Spacecraft Motion; Optical Measurement; Interferometry

30 20 SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER Includes main propulsion systems and components, e.g., rocket engines; and spacecraft auxiliary power sources. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power, 28 Propellants and Fuels, 15 Launch Vehicles and Launch Operations, and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

20100017257 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Generation Colozza, Anthony J.; Heller, Richard S.; Wong, Wayne A.; Hepp, Aloysius F.; April 2010; 27 pp.; In English; 48th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 387498.01.04.02.05.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216219; AIAA Paper 2010-1166; E-17201; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017257 An evaluation of several solar concentrator-based systems for producing oxygen from lunar regolith was performed. The systems utilize a solar concentrator mirror to provide thermal energy for the oxygen production process. Thermal energy to power a Stirling heat engine and photovoltaics are compared for the production of electricity. The electricity produced is utilized to operate the equipment needed in the oxygen production process. The initial oxygen production method utilized in the analysis is hydrogen reduction of ilmenite. Utilizing this method of oxygen production a baseline system design was produced. This baseline system had an oxygen production rate of 0.6 kg/hr with a concentrator mirror size of 5 m. Variations were performed on the baseline design to show how changes in the system size and process (rate) affected the oxygen production rate. An evaluation of the power requirements for a carbothermal lunar regolith reduction reactor has also been conducted. The reactor had a total power requirement between 8,320 to 9,961 W when producing 1000 kg/year of oxygen. The solar concentrator used to provide the thermal power (over 82 percent of the total energy requirement) would have a diameter of less than 4 m. Author Stirling Engines; Solar Collectors; Oxygen Production; Photovoltaic Conversion; Regolith; Lunar Rocks; Concentrators; Thermal Energy; Solar Energy

20100017258 Sest, Inc., Middleburgh Heights, OH, USA Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Test Approach and Results Meer, David W.; Hill, Dennis; Ursic, Joseph J.; March 2010; 17 pp.; In English; Seventh International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC), 2-5 Aug. 2009, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNC09JF24T; WBS 138494.04.01.01 Report No.(s): NASA/CR-2010-216237; AIAA Paper 2009-4552; E-17224; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017258 The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Lockheed Martin Corporation (LM), and NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) have been developing the Advanced Stirling Radioisotope Generator (ASRG) for use as a power system for space science missions. As part of the extended operation testing of this power system, the Advanced Stirling Convertors (ASC) at NASA GRC undergo a vibration test sequence intended to simulate the vibration history that an ASC would experience when used in an ASRG for a space mission. This sequence includes testing at workmanship and flight acceptance levels interspersed with periods of extended operation to simulate prefueling and post fueling. The final step in the test sequence utilizes additional testing at flight acceptance levels to simulate launch. To better replicate the acceleration profile seen by an ASC incorporated into an ASRG, the input spectra used in testing the convertors was modified based on dynamic testing of the ASRG Engineering Unit (ASRG EU) at LM. This paper outlines the overall test approach, summarizes the test results from the ASRG EU, describes the incorporation of those results into the test approach, and presents the results of applying the test approach to the ASC-1 #3 and #4 convertors. The test results include data from several accelerometers mounted on the convertors as well as the piston position and output power variables. Author Stirling Cycle; Dynamic Tests; Accelerometers; Flight Tests; Vibration Tests; Refueling; Quality Control

31 20100017649 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Marshall Space Flight Center Ruf, Joseph H.; McDaniels, David M.; Brown, Andrew M.; August 02, 2009; 14 pp.; In English; 45th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, 2-5 Aug. 2009, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M09-0673; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017649 Realistic estimates of nozzle side loads, the off-axis forces that develop during engine start and shutdown, are important in the design cycle of a rocket engine. The estimated magnitude of the nozzle side loads has a large impact on the design of the nozzle shell and the engine s thrust vector control system. In 2004 Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) began developing a capability to quantify the relative magnitude of side loads caused by different types of nozzle contours. The MSFC Nozzle Test Facility was modiﬁed to measure nozzle side loads during simulated nozzle start. Side load results from cold ﬂow tests on two nozzle test articles, one with a truncated ideal contour and one with a parabolic contour are provided. The experimental approach, nozzle contour designs and wall static pressures are also discussed Author Nozzle Design; Thrust Vector Control; Load Tests; Static Pressure; Cold Flow Tests; Loads (Forces); Rocket Engines; Thrust

20100017732 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and Mars Cargo Missions Frisbee, Robert H.; July 9, 2006; 8 pp.; In English; 42nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 9-12 Jul. 2006, Sacramento, CA, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41565 This paper presents the results of mission analyses that expose the advantages and disadvantages of high-power (MWe-class) Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) for Lunar and Mars Cargo missions that would support human exploration of the Moon and Mars. In these analyses, we consider SEP systems using advanced Ion thrusters (the Xenon [Xe] propellant Herakles), Hall thrusters (the Bismuth [Bi] propellant Very High Isp Thruster with Anode Layer [VHITAL], magnetoplasmadynamic (MPD) thrusters (the Lithium [Li] propellant Advanced Lithium-Fed, Applied-field Lorentz Force Accelerator (ALFA2), and pulsed inductive thruster (PIT) (the Ammonia [NH3] propellant Nuclear-PIT [NuPIT]). The analyses include comparison of the advanced-technology propulsion systems (VHITAL, ALFA2, and NuPIT) relative to state-of-theart Ion (Herakles) propulsion systems and quantify the unique benefits of the various technology options such as high power-per-thruster (and/or high power-per-thruster packaging volume), high specific impulse (Isp), high-efficiency, and tankage mass (e.g., low tankage mass due to the high density of bismuth propellant). This work is based on similar analyses for Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) systems. Author Solar Electric Propulsion; Propulsion System Performance; Propulsion System Configurations; Hall Thrusters; Ion Engines; Ion Propulsion; Nuclear Electric Propulsion; Magnetoplasmadynamic Thrusters

23 CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to the composition, properties, structure, and use of chemical compounds and materials as they relate to aircraft, launch vehicles, and spacecraft. For speciﬁc topics in chemistry and materials see categories 25 through 29. For astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics.

20100017097 Savannah River National Lab., Aiken, SC, USA Lifetime Predictions for Model 9975 O-Rings in KAMS Hoffman, E. N.; Skidmore, T. E.; November 2009; 32 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC09-08SR22470 Report No.(s): DE2009-969041; SRNS-TR-2009-00259; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Savannah River Site (SRS) is currently storing plutonium materials in the K-Area Materials Storage (KAMS) facility. The materials are packaged per the DOE 3013 Standard and transported and stored in KAMS in Model 9975 shipping packages, which include double containment vessels sealed with dual O-rings made of Parker Seals compound V0835-75 (based on Viton(reg-sign) GLT). The outer O-ring of each containment vessel is credited for leaktight containment per ANSI

32 N14.5. O-ring service life depends on many factors, including the failure criterion, environmental conditions, overall design, fabrication quality and assembly practices. A preliminary life prediction model has been developed for the V0835-75 O-rings in KAMS. The conservative model is based primarily on long-term compression stress relaxation (CSR) experiments and Arrhenius accelerated-aging methodology. For model development purposes, seal lifetime is deﬁned as a 90% loss of measurable sealing force. Thus far, CSR experiments have only reached this target level of degradation at temperatures (ge) 300 F. At lower temperatures, relaxation values are more tolerable. Using time-temperature superposition principles, the conservative model predicts a service life of approximately 20-25 years at a constant seal temperature of 175 F. This represents a maximum payload package at a constant ambient temperature of 104 F, the highest recorded in KAMS to date. This is considered a highly conservative value as such ambient temperatures are only reached on occasion and for short durations. The presence of ﬁberboard in the package minimizes the impact of such temperature swings, with many hours to several days required for seal temperatures to respond proportionately. NTIS Gaskets; O Ring Seals; Plutonium; Service Life

20100017117 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Calculation of Damage, He and H Production Using SPECTER Marian, J.; September 2009; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-965461; LLNL-TR-416495; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This document explains the procedure to compute gas production in fuel and structural materials using SPECTER from neutronics calculations provided by J. Latkowski using MCNP. The gas production cross sections (four channels are considered: (n, (sub 1)(sup 1,2,3)H) and (n,(sub 2)(sup 4)He)) for each isotope are taken from the cross-section library ENDF/B-V (we refer the reader to the SPECTER manual for more details). Therein, one can see flux data from, approximately, 0 (BOL) to 50 (EOL) years (cut after 7 columns for clarity). In order to compute damage and gas production with SPECTER, one needs to provide the flux group data expressed in a maximum of 100 energy groups (a SPECTER requirement). The flux data structure provided by J. Latkowski using MCNP consists of 616 groups spanning the 10(sup -9)

20100017167 Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA Modeling of Laser Cladding with Application to Fuel Cell Manufacturing Fan, Zhiqiang; January 2010; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105606; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells have many advantages such as compactness, lightweight, high power density, low temperature operation and near zero emissions. Although many research organizations have intensified their efforts towards commercialization of fuel cells, several technical problems are yet to be overcome. One of the important issues is the availability of low cost bipolar plates. Thus far carbon-based bipolar plates have been the main focus of the development activities. These materials will fulfill all requirements in the near future. Nevertheless, further cost reduction and an increase of power density is beneficial for fuel cell technology. Bipolar plates based on coated metals offer a high potential to reduce costs and enhance power density. Aluminum, stainless steel, titanium, and nickel are considered possible alternative materials for the bipolar plate in PEM fuel cells. These metals need to be coated properly because bipolar plates are exposed to an operating environment with a pH of 23 at high temperatures. Borup and Vanderborgh (2) suggest that coatings for bipolar plates should be conductive and adhere to the base material properly to protect the substrate from the operating environment. Laser cladding is considered an alternative coating process for solid or modular metallic bipolar plates. In laser cladding, the coating material is metallurgically bonded with the substrate, which is very important for the functioning of bipolar plates. The advantages of laser cladding include chemical cleanliness, localized heating, low dilution of the cladding material by the substrate and rapid cooling rates. To understand the relationships between the fuel cell component performance and manufacturing process parameters and variability, a numerical model has been developed to simulate the physical phenomena associated with laser cladding of bipolar plates. NTIS Cladding; Fuel Cells; Lasers; Manufacturing

33 20100017306 NASA, Washington, DC USA Growth method for chalcongenide phase-change nanostructures Yu, Bin, Inventor; Sun, Xuhui, Inventor; Meyyappan, Meyya, Inventor; February 2, 2010; 8 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed August 25, 2006; US-Patent-7,655,497; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/513,431; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017306 A method for growth of an alloy for use in a nanostructure, to provide a resulting nanostructure compound including at least one of Ge.sub.xTe.sub.y, In.sub.xSb.sub.y, In.sub.xSe.sub.y, Sb.sub.xTe.sub.y, Ga.sub.xSb.sub.y, Ge.sub.xSb.sub. y,Te.sub.z, In.sub.xSb.sub.yTe.sub.z, Ga.sub.xSe.sub.yTe.sub.z, Sn.sub.xSb.sub.yTe.sub.z, In.sub.xSb.sub.yGe.sub.z, Ge.sub. wSn.sub.xSb.sub.yTe.sub.z, Ge.sub.wSb.sub.xSe.sub.yTe.sub.z, and Te.sub.wGe.sub.xSb.sub.yS.sub.z, where w, x, y and z are numbers consistent with oxidization states (2, 3, 4, 5, 6) of the corresponding elements. The melt temperatures for some of the resulting compounds are in a range 330-420.degree. C., or even lower with some compounds. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Nanostructure (Characteristics); Alloys; Chalcogenides; Phase Change Materials; Nanostructure Growth; Nanotechnology

20100017347 NASA Kennedy Space Center, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhydrazine (MMH) Neutralizing Compound Dibbern, Andreas W.; Beeson, Harold D.; Greene, Benjamin; Giordano, Thomas J.; August 2009; 71 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 869021.01.07.01.01 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2009-215913; NESC-RP-08-115/08-00474; L-19748; LF99-9325; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017347 The Johnson Space Center (JSC) White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) and NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) were requested by NASA Associate Administrator for Space Operations to perform an evaluation of a proposed hydrazine/monomethylhydrazine (MMH) fuel treatment method using alpha-ketoglutaric acid (AKGA). This evaluation request was prompted by preliminary tests at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), suggesting cost and operational beneﬁts to NASA for the Space Shuttle Program (SSP) and other hardware decontamination and decommissioning, in addition to hydrazine and MMH waste treatment activities. This paper provides the team’s position on the current KSC and New Mexico Highlands University (NMHU) efforts toward implementing the AKGA treatment technology with ﬂight hardware, ground support equipment (GSE), hydrazine and MMH spills, and vapor control. This evaluation is current to the last data examined (approximately September 2008). Author Monomethylhydrazines; Hydrazines; Ground Support Equipment; Decontamination

20100017407 Pakistan Council of Scientiﬁc and Industrial Research, Karachi, Pakistan Pakistan Journal of Scientiﬁc and Industrial Research Vol. 52, No. 6, November-December, 2009 December 2009; 76 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105982; PSIRAA 526(6) 289-3460 2009; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy This document presents the abstracts on the physical sciences, the biological sciences and technology. NTIS Chemical Engineering; Pakistan

20100017537 Dayton Univ. Research Inst., OH USA Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Effects of Several Paint Removal Technologies on the Static and Fatigue Properties of Thin Aerospace Structural Materials Ruschau, John J.; Youngerman, Patricia; August 2009; 55 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F33615-03-D-5607-0005; Proj-4349; 61202F Report No.(s): AD-A517296; UDR-TR-2009-170; AFRL-RX-WP-TR-2010-4102; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) An evaluation was conducted to ascertain the inﬂuence of paint removal technologies designed for use on thin skin aerospace structures, as well as to provide a sound database for future comparisons of other new and existing paint strip technologies. Materials evaluated were 2024-T3 sheet, both bare and clad, 7075-T6 sheet, thin skin aluminum honeycomb

34 panels, and to a limited extent, polymeric composite sheet. The paint removal technologies examined include a CO2 laser, chemical, plastic media blast (PMB), and conventional hand sanding. In order to properly compare the influence of these paint removal procedures on mechanical properties, comparisons were made to both as-received materials and similar samples that while not painted were subjected to the same thermal aging cycles as the painted samples. Types of tests performed were tensile and fatigue for the aluminum sheets materials, peel and flatwise tension for the honeycomb panels, and flexural and in-plane shear for the Gr-Ep composites. Results of all properties were statistically compared to ascertain significant differences in properties following the stripping operations. DTIC Aircraft Construction Materials; Fatigue (Materials); Paint Removal; Paints; Spacecraft Construction Materials

20100017646 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC, USA Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic Organics with Novel Mesoporous Organosilicas Johnson-White, Brandy; Zeinali, Mazyar; Malanoski, Anthony P.; Dinderman, Michael A.; Catalysis Communications; October 17, 2006; Volume 8, Issue 7, pp. 1052-1056; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517018; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517018 Porphyrin-embedded periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) materials were developed for sunlight-stimulated degradation of cyclic organics. The binding affinity and selectivity of the PMOs act to bring porphyrin and target into close proximity, provide extensive surface area, and a stable substrate for porphyrin immobilization. Aqueous samples incubated with these PMO materials showed a decrease in analyte concentration greater than that expected based on adsorption and uncatalyzed photoconversion during5hofsunlight illumination. Both materials show selective binding of TNT over structurally similar compounds such as p-nitrophenol. Template directed molecular imprinting was used in an attempt to increase the selectivity of the catalyst. DTIC Catalysis; Porphyrins; Sunlight

20100017777 University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA, USA; Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, USA; Montana Polysaccharides Corp., Winnsboro, SC, USA Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders and Pollution Reduction Technologies Thiel, J.; Giese, S. R.; Beckermann, C.; Combi, J.; Yavorsky, J.; September 30, 2009; 60 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG36-06G086029 Report No.(s): DE2010-965004; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Center for Advanced Biobased was created with funding supplied by the Department of Energy to study biobased alternatives to petroleum based materials used in the manufacture of foundry sand binders. The project was successful in developing two new biobased polymers that are based on renewable agricultural materials or abundant naturally occurring organic materials. The technology has the potential of replacing large amounts of chemicals produced from oil with environmentally friendly alternatives. NTIS Binders (Materials); Crude Oil; Oils

20100017819 National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, USA Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA-2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Arrangements Aristeguieta, Carlos; Rodriguez, Manuel; February 2010; 24 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107333; HETA-2007-0355-3102; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy On August 31, 2007, NIOSH received an HHE request from management at Immortalis Botanicals (Immortalis) in Farmville, Virginia. The company was concerned about employee exposure to epoxy resin used during the manufacture of luxury artificial floral arrangements. We evaluated the worksite on November 5-7, 2008. We observed work practices, reviewed PPE use, and spoke with employees about work-related health concerns. We used TD tubes (qualitative analysis) and charcoal tubes (quantitative analysis) to collect PBZ air samples for VOCs. We also collected PBZ air samples for amines. Based on the TD results, the charcoal tubes were analyzed for toluene, 2-butoxyethanol, cellosolve acetate, xylene, and ethyl benzene. Samples were also analyzed for butyl glycidyl ether, an ingredient in the epoxy resin. Very low concentrations of these VOCs were detected, and all PBZ sample results were below the applicable OELs. Amines were not detected. We

35 observed epoxy resin and isopropyl alcohol on employees’ skin, increasing their risk for contact dermatitis and sensitization. We also observed employees working in awkward postures, placing them at risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. We recommend that the Mixer/Pourer use a dispensing gun to add epoxy resin to the vases to minimize spills and prevent employees from placing their forearm on the table while pouring epoxy resin from a beaker. We also recommend that the Mixer/Pourer wear butyl rubber gloves (either shoulder or gauntlet length) and a butyl rubber apron when handling epoxy resins or isopropyl alcohol. We recommend using a wheeled stool to avoid kneeling when pouring epoxy resin into the vases, and providing an antifatigue mat for the Arranger to prevent leg strain. A sink with warm water and soap and an emergency eyewash station should be installed near the mixing area. NTIS Epoxy Resins; Exposure; Hazards; Health; Manufacturing

24 COMPOSITE MATERIALS Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of laminates and other composite materials.

20100017150 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Quiet Honeycomb Panels Palumbo, Daniel L.; Klos, Jacob; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; Joint 159th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America and Noise-Con 2010, 19-23 Apr. 2010, Baltimore, MD, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.07.18.03 Report No.(s): NF1676L-9856; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017150 Sandwich honeycomb composite panels are lightweight and strong, and, therefore, provide a reasonable alternative to the aluminum ring frame/stringer architecture currently used for most aircraft airframes. The drawback to honeycomb panels is that they radiate noise into the aircraft cabin veil- efficiently provoking the need for additional sound treatment which adds weight and reduces the material’s cost advantage. A series of honeycomb panels was made -hick incorporated different design strategies aimed at reducing the honeycomb panels’ radiation efficiency while at the same time maintaining their strength. The majority of the designs were centered around the concept of creating areas of reduced stiffness in the panel by adding voids and recesses to the core. The effort culminated with a reinforced/recessed panel which had 6 dB higher transmission loss than the baseline solid core panel while maintaining comparable strength. Author Sandwich Structures; Honeycomb Structures; Composite Structures; Transmission Loss; Airframes

20100017286 South Carolina Univ., Columbia, SC USA Damage Detection in Cryogenic Composites for Space Applications Using Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors Bottai, Giola S.; Pollock, Patrick J.; Behling, Thomas A.; Giurgiutiu, Victor; Bland, Scott M.; Joshi, Shiv P.; Jan. 2008; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNL05AA44C Report No.(s): AD-A516506; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017286; http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516506 Lamb waves have proven to be effective for damage detection by passively listening for emitted signals from crack growth or actively interrogating the structure. Acoustic emission sensors are used for monitoring a wide number of defects in materials such as dynamic strain, crack growth, leakage, corrosion, delamination, and ﬁber breakage in composite structures. The present paper will present an extensive experimental evaluation of the structural health monitoring (SHM) capability of the PWAS on composite structures of different geometries, environmental conditions, and stress conditions. Results from these experiments indicate that a PWAS based array is capable of detecting low velocity impact damage in composite materials. These experiments showed that abrupt changes in the DI occurred for sensor paths near the impact damage sites, which also indicates that localization of the damage is feasible using PWAS based arrays for SHM. The robustness of the PWAS arrays is demonstrated for damage detection at ambient, cryogenic, and cryogenic temperatures under uniaxial loading using both

36 pulse-echo and pitch-catch methods. Based on these results, a PWAS based SHM array is shown to be a promising method for impact damage detection in composite materials, even in extreme conditions. Author Composite Materials; Corrosion; Crack Propagation; Damage; Detection; Piezoelectricity; Wafers; Lamb Waves; Nondestructive Tests; Cryogenic Temperature; Nonintrusive Measurement; Structural Health Monitoring

20100017303 NASA, Washington, DC USA Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and coating system using same Watkins, Anthony N., Inventor; Leighty, Bradley D., Inventor; Oglesby, Donald M., Inventor; Ingram, JoAnne L., Inventor; Schryer, Jacqueline L., Inventor; February 2, 2010; 3 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed June 2, 2006; US-Patent-7,655,595; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/421,924; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017303 An oxidation catalyst system is formed by particles of an oxidation catalyst dispersed in a porous sol-gel binder. The oxidation catalyst system can be applied by brush or spray painting while the sol-gel binder is in its sol state. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Catalysts; Coating; Oxidation; Sol-Gel Processes

20100017383 Princeton Univ., NJ USA Polymerization method for formation of thermally exfoliated graphite oxide containing polymer Prud’Homme, Robert K., Inventor; Aksay, Ilhan A., Inventor; Adamson, Douglas, Inventor; February 9, 2010; 39 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC1-02037 Patent Info.: Filed August 19, 2008; US-Patent-7,659,350; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/194,021; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017383 A process for polymerization of at least one monomer including polymerizing the at least one monomer in the presence of a modiﬁed graphite oxide material, which is a thermally exfoliated graphite oxide with a surface area of from about 300 m(esp 2)/g to 2600 m(esp 2/g. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Graphite; Oxides; Polymerization; Polymer Matrix Composites; Carbon Nanotubes

20100017497 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Potential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding for Micrometeoroids and Orbital Debris Ryan, Shannon; Hedman, Troy; Christiansen, Eric L.; September 2009; 44 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 401769.06.03.07.03.07 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-18720; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017497 The presence of a honeycomb core in a multi-wall shielding configuration for protection against micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) particle impacts at hypervelocity is generally considered to be detrimental as the cell walls act to restrict fragment cloud expansion, creating a more concentrated load on the shield rear wall. However, mission requirements often prevent the inclusion of a dedicated MMOD shield, and as such, structural honeycomb sandwich panels are amongst the most prevalent shield types. Open cell metallic foams are a relatively new material with novel mechanical and thermal properties that have shown promising results in preliminary hypervelocity impact shielding evaluations. In this study, an ISS-representative MMOD shielding configuration has been modified to evaluate the potential performance enhancement gained through the substitution of honeycomb for open cell foam. The baseline shielding configuration consists of a double mesh outer layer, two honeycomb sandwich panels, and an aluminum rear wall. In the modified configuration the two honeycomb cores are replaced by open-cell foam. To compensate for the heavier core material, facesheets have been removed from the second sandwich panel in the modified configuration. A total of 19 tests on the double layer honeycomb and double layer foam configurations are reported. For comparable mechanical and thermal performance, the foam modifications were shown to provide a 15% improvement in critical projectile diameter at low velocities (i.e. 3 km/s) and a 3% increase at high

37 velocities (i.e. 7 km/s) for normal impact. With increasing obliquity, the performance enhancement was predicted to increase, up to a 29% improvement at 60 (low velocity). Ballistic limit equations have been developed for the new configuration, and consider the mass of each individual shield component in order to maintain validity in the event of minor configuration modifications. Previously identified weaknesses of open cell foams for hypervelocity impact shielding such as large projectile diameters, low velocities, and high degrees of impact obliquity have all been investigated, and found to be negligible for the double-layer configuration. Derived from text Foams; Honeycomb Cores; Honeycomb Structures; Sandwich Structures; Shielding; Walls; Composite Structures

20100017810 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitoring Results from COPV Accelerated Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) Saulsberry Regor; [2010]; 25 pp.; In English; 4th IAASS Conference - Making Safety Matter, 19 May 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20607; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017810 Develop and demonstrate NDE techniques for real-time characterization of CPVs and, where possible, identiﬁcation of NDE capable of assessing stress rupture related strength degradation and/or making vessel life predictions (structural health monitoring or periodic inspection modes). Secondary: Provide the COPV user and materials community with quality carbon/epoxy (C/Ep) COPV stress rupture progression rate data. Aid in modeling, manufacturing, and application of COPVs for NASA spacecraft. Author Pressure Vessels; Composite Wrapping; Nondestructive Tests; Load Tests; Epoxy Matrix Composites; Real Time Operation; Accelerated Life Tests

25 INORGANIC, ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY Includes the analysis, synthesis, and use of inorganic and organic compounds; combustion theory; electrochemistry; and photochemistry. For related information see category 34 Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics. For astrochemistry see category 90 Astrophysics.

20100017086 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Calculations into Cantera for Electrolyte Solutions Moffat, H. K.; Jovecolon, C. F.; June 2009; 146 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report No.(s): DE2010-970260; SAND2009-3115; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In this report, we summarize our work on developing a production level capability for modeling brine thermodynamic properties using the open-source code Cantera. This implementation into Cantera allows for the application of chemical thermodynamics to describe the interactions between a solid and an electrolyte solution at chemical equilibrium. The formulations to evaluate the thermodynamic properties of electrolytes are based on Pitzer’s model to calculate molality-based activity coefficients using a real equation-of-state (EoS) for water. In addition, the thermodynamic properties of solutes at elevated temperature and pressures are computed using the revised Helgeson-Kirkham-Flowers (HKF) EoS for ionic and neutral aqueous species. The thermodynamic data parameters for the Pitzer formulation and HKF EoS are from the thermodynamic database compilation developed for the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) used with the computer code EQ3/6. We describe the adopted equations and their implementation within Cantera and also provide several validated examples relevant to the calculations of extensive properties of electrolyte solutions. NTIS Aqueous Solutions; Computerized Simulation; Electrolytes; Solubility; Thermodynamic Properties

38 20100017114 General Atomics Co., San Diego, CA USA; Department of Energy, Idaho Falls, ID, USA Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, Results of the Phase II Testing of Sulfur-Iodine Integrated Lab Scale Experiments, Final Report October 2009; 35 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC07-08ID14899 Report No.(s): DE2009-968652; GA-C26575; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) International collaborative effort to construct a laboratory-scale Sulfur-Iodine process capable of producing 100-200 L/hr of hydrogen. NTIS Corrosion; Hydrogen; Iodine; Sulfur; Sulfuric Acid

20100017256 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Report Demmer, R. L.; Berg, J. F.; Fonnesbeck, J. E.; June 2009; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-05ID14517 Report No.(s): DE2009-968666; INL/EXT-09-16118; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Bechtel Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory (Bettis), West Mifflin, PA, requested that the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) (Battelle Energy Alliance) perform tests using water simulants and three speciﬁed media to determine if those ion-exchange (IX) resins will be effective at removing the plutonium contamination from water. This report details the testing and results of the tests to determine the suitability of the media to treat plutonium contaminated water at near nuetral pH. NTIS Atoms; Contamination; Plutonium; Water Treatment

20100017378 Little (Arthur D.), Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA Lead Vanadate Precipitation Method for the Recovery of Vanadium from Carbonate Leach Solutions Clifford, W. E.; Huggins, J. C.; June 1955; 50 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106579; RMO-2619; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy A process for the removal (and recovery) of vanadium from carbonate leach solution has been developed. PbSO(sub 4) is used to precipitate vanadium and is regenerated by treating the lead vanadate precipitate with H(sub 2)SO(sub 4). Vanadium concentration can be reduced to any desired levels or removed completely with essentially no carbonate or uraniuim losses. H(sub 2)SO(sub 4) is the only reagent consumed making the process superior to FeSO(sub 4) precipitation of vanadium on an economic as well as efficiency basis. The removal of vanadium from carbonate leach solutions improves the efficiency and economics of subsequent uranium recovery process. An economic evaluation compares the lead vanadate-caustic process with other possible processes for recovery of uranium and vanadium from carbonate leach solutions. NTIS Carbonates; Vanadium; Radioactive Materials; Economic Analysis

20100017433 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA The Impact-Induced Triggering of Hot Spots in Energetic/Explosive Materials. Part 2: Adiabatic Temperature Distribution Near a Spherical Hole Grinfeld, Michael; Bjerke, Todd; September 2009; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-105 Report No.(s): AD-A516826; ARL-TR-4965; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516826 Currently, there is a considerable gap in the level of theoretical understanding of the mechanisms triggering energy release between liquid and solid energetic/explosive materials. Although adiabatic impact-induced triggering in solid energetic /explosive materials is still treated similarly to liquid, there are qualitative differences in the impact-induced triggering of liquids and solids. In this report, we discuss our recent results related to the impact-induced triggering in solid energetic materials. DTIC Explosives; Temperature Distribution

39 20100017503 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin-Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimentary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 GHz Anthony, Theodore K.; April 2010; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517674; ARL-TR-5147; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This prototype thin-ﬁlm design demonstrates that a tunable, band reject ﬁlter is realizable with complimentary split-ring resonators. Usually, the material used to facilitate tuning, barium strontium titanate (BST), is so thick that the power loss is too great. This design mitigates the loss by reducing the material’s thickness drastically. The ultra-thin BST also alleviates the need for high bias voltages to a value of just 10 V. Simulation data were analyzed with a range of parameters for improving performance and determining design tolerances. The prototype designs were less than 1 mm by 1 mm by 0.5 mm, allowing them to be interlaced for complex requirements. A coplanar feed line extended to the edge of the substrate, where a Subminiature Version A (SMA) end launcher could be connected to the signal line and ground in the same plane for testing. DTIC Ferroelectricity; High Frequencies; Resonators; Simulation; Simulators; Thin Films

20100017504 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Triantimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an Electrochemical Technique Wolfenstine, J.; Tran, D.; Zhou, K.; Sakamoto, J.; April 2010; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517673; ARL-TR-5141; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A novel electrochemical method has been used to transform an n-type skutterudite of composition Co0.95Pd0.05Te0.05Sb2.95 from a starting material having a crystalline structure with a grain size of about 1 micron into a material with an amorphous structure and a nanoscale grain size (70 nm). Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that crystallization of the amorphous Co0.95Pd0.05Te0.05Sb2.95 powders occurs between 220-260 deg C. The electrical resistivity (4-point), Seebeck coefficient, and ZT of the nanoscale-amorphous material were greatly reduced compared to the micron-crystalline starting material. Our ﬁndings suggest that the major cause for this is the change in structure from crystalline to amorphous. DTIC Cobalt; Electrochemistry; Thermoelectricity

20100017547 Nebraska Univ., Lincoln, NE USA Experimental Investigation of the Role of Defects in Detonation Sensitivity of Energetic Materials: Development of Techniques for Characterization Eckhardt, Craig J.; December 31, 2009; 24 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): N00014-06-1-0265 Report No.(s): AD-A517240; 25-0509-0055-001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A ﬁnal report of the activity related to the research on the role of defects and electronic structure on the sensitivity of energetic materials to detonation. DTIC Characterization; Defects; Detonation; Sensitivity

20100017569 Proton Energy Systems, Inc., Wallingford, CT USA Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Production Szymanski, Steve; February 10, 2010; 28 pp.; In English; 4th Annual Alternative Energy NOW Conference, 9 - 10 Feb 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8222-05-D-0001-0065 Report No.(s): AD-A517376; 20537RC; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) PROTON Energy Systems: World leader in PEM electrolysis * Founded in 1996 * Located in Wallingford, Connecticut * ISO 9001:2000 registered * Over 1,200 systems operating in 58 different countries. DEVELOPMENT of PEM Electrolysis: Initial PEM innovators, Grubb and Neidrach, GE Research, 1955. PEM: Proton Exchange Membrane -- at the heart of Proton’s hydrogen generation technology. PEM Electrolyzer technology has a long history of reliability in critical military applications: SSN and SSBN Submarine Life Support. PROTON CAPABILITIES: Electrolysis System and Cell Stack R&D * Product Manufacturing and Testing * World-Wide Sales and Service * Integration of electrolyzers into complete hydrogen solutions. DTIC Electrolysis; Fuel Production; Fuel Systems; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Fuels; Membranes; Protons

40 20100017763 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Aging of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate (PETN) Foltz, M. F.; July 27, 2009; 44 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-966904; LLNL-TRO415057; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is a relatively sensitive explosive used in many electroexplosive devices as well as in medicine. Of primary interest to LLNL is its use in items such as exploding bridgewire (EBW) detonators and exploding bridge foil initiators (EFI). In these devices the crystalline powder is pressed into a granular, low-density compact that can be initiated by an exploding wire or foil. The long-term stability of this pressed compact is of interest to weapon stockpile lifetime prediction studies. Key points about potential aging mechanisms can be summarized as follows: (1) There are a number of factors that can contribute to PETN instability. These include particle size, polymorphic phase transitions, crystal structure, impurities, moisture, occlusions, chemical incompatibility and biological (microorganism) action. of these factors the most important for long-term aging of high surface area powders used in detonators appears to be that of particle size growth. (2) There is a great deal of literature on the thermal degradation kinetics of PETN, unfortunately much of it with little bearing on ambient temperature aging during long-term storage. (3) Moisture seems to lower the activation energy for and accelerate the decomposition of PETN. (4) External drivers affecting stability include temperature, moisture, radiation fields, and stress, while internal drivers include residual solvents, and impurities. (5) The processes of sublimation/recrystallization and surface diffusion are important processes that can cause changes in PETN crystal morphology, particle size distribution and specific surface area. (6) Threshold test fire, particle size distribution, specific surface area, thermal analysis, chemical analysis, powder compact specific surface area and density are approaches that have been used in the attempt to assess changes attributable to aging of PETN, with varying results. (7) Factors relevant to stabilizing particle size growth include crystal morphology, powder surface area and particle size distribution; crystal density and internal defects; and powder compact density and density gradients. NTIS Activation Energy; Chemical Analysis; PETN

20100017764 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorption Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces Peden, C. H. F.; He, T.; Pilling, M.; Hirschmugl, C. J.; Gardner, P.; Feb. 01, 2001; 24 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2009-965721; PNNL-13387; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The NO/CO reaction over Rh metal in automobile catalytic converters is critical to the control of emissions of these pollutant molecules. As part of a program to determine the elementary mechanism(s) of this reaction, we have been performing mid- and far-infrared reflection/absorption spectroscopic (IRAS) measurements of the adsorption and co-adsorption and co-adsorption of NO and CO on Rh single crystal surfaces. Of particular interest is the low-frequency range of the IRAS spectra where we hoped to observe features due to metal-N stretching and/or bending vibrational motions. In particular, we hoped to obtain information regarding the site-requirements for the dissociation of the NO molecule on various Rh single crystal surfaces. An important result from our earlier work is that the selectivity of the reaction for the two nitrogen-containing products, N2 and N2O, is a strong function of the Rh surface structure. On the basis of ancillary data, we suggested that the location of adsorbed NO and N-atoms (formed from dissociation of adsorbed NO) on various Rh surfaces could, perhaps account for the selectivity differences. NTIS Absorption Spectroscopy; Crystal Surfaces; Infrared Astronomy Satellite; Infrared Reflection; Propulsion System Configurations; Propulsion System Performance; Single Crystals

20100017799 Insightful Corp., Seattle, WA, USA Corrosivity Literature and Data Review for Demineralization Concentrate Management Studies and Well Completion Design January 2008; 185 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107730; SJ-2008-SP18; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The 2005 District Water Supply Plan (DSWP) (SJRWMD 2006) developed by the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) has determined that treatment of brackish and saline waters by membrane treatment is a valuable treatment technology for meeting the water demands in SJRWMD projected through year 2025. However, management of the demineralization concentrate (concentrate) has been identiﬁed as one of the primary impediments to gaining regulatory

41 approval for these types of treatment systems. The feasibility of demineralization of brackish and saline waters is controlled partly by the ability to dispose of the concentrated byproduct of demineralization. The disposal of concentrate by deep well injection is potentially a solution; however, the corrosivity of the ﬂuid and its compatibility with the steel tubing that is typically used for such wells presents both technical and regulatory challenges. Therefore, this report was developed to assess corrosion rates in deep injection wells that dispose of concentrate from the demineralization of brackish water and to identify the well construction options available for the construction of these wells within SJRWMD. NTIS Corrosion; Corrosion Prevention; Data Management; Demineralizing; Injection; Rivers; Waste Disposal; Water Management; Wells

20100017823 Bechtel Jacobs Co., LLC,, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Alternative Salt Transfer Method for the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Carlberg, Jon A.; Roberts, Kenneth T.; Kollie, Thomas G.; Little, Leslie E.; Brady, Sherman D.; September 30, 2009; 60 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-98OR22700 Report No.(s): DE2009-966418; BJC/OR-3301; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This evaluation was performed by Pro2Serve in accordance with the Technical Specification for an Engineering Evaluation of the Proposed Alternative Salt Transfer Method for the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (BJC 2009b). The evaluators reviewed the Engineering Evaluation Work Plan for Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Residual Salt Removal, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (DOE 2008). The Work Plan (DOE 2008) involves installing a salt transfer probe and new drain line into the Fuel Drain Tanks and Fuel Flush Tank and connecting them to the new salt transfer line at the drain tank cell shield. The probe is to be inserted through the tank ball valve and the molten salt to the bottom of the tank. The tank would then be pressurized through the Reactive Gas Removal System to force the salt into the salt canisters. The Evaluation Team reviewed the work plan, interviewed site personnel, reviewed numerous documents on the Molten Salt Reactor (Sects. 7 and 8), and inspected the probes planned to be used for the transfer. Based on several concerns identified during this review, the team recommends not proceeding with the salt transfer via the proposed alternate salt transfer method. The major concerns identified during this evaluation are: (1) Structural integrity of the tanks - The main concern is with the corrosion that occurred during the fluorination phase of the uranium removal process. This may also apply to the salt transfer line for the Fuel Flush Tank. Corrosion Associated with Fluorination in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Fluoride Volatility Process (Litman 1961) shows that this problem is significant. (2) Continued generation of Fluorine - Although the generation of Fluorine will be at a lower rate than experienced before the uranium removal, it will continue to be generated. This needs to be taken into consideration regardless of what actions are taken with the salt. (3) More than one phase of material - There are likely multiple phases of material in the salt (metal or compound), either suspended through the salt matrix, layered in the bottom of the tank, or both. These phases may contribute to plugging during any planned transfer. There is not enough data to know for sure. (4) Probe heat trace - The alternate transfer method does not include heat tracing of the bottom of the probe. There is a concern that this may cool the salt and other phases of materials present enough to block the flow of salt. (5) Stress-corrosion cracking - Additionally, there is a concern regarding moisture that may have been introduced into the tanks. Due to time constraints, this concern was not validated. However, if moisture was introduced into the tanks and not removed during heating the tanks before HF and F2 sparging, there would be an additional concern regarding the potential for stress-corrosion cracking of the tank walls. NTIS Corrosion; Molten Salts

20100017854 California Univ., Davis, CA, USA Electronic Structure of Transition Metal Clusters, Actinide Complexes and Their Reactivities January 2009; 29 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-04ER15546 Report No.(s): DE2010-959347; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This is a continuing DOE-BES funded project on transition metal and actinide containing species, aimed at the electronic structure and spectroscopy of transition metal and actinide containing species. While a long term connection of these species is to catalysis and environmental management of high-level nuclear wastes, the immediate relevance is directly to other DOE-BES funded experimental projects at DOE-National labs and universities. There are a number of ongoing gas-phase spectroscopic studies of these species at various places, and our computational work has been inspired by these experimental

42 studies and we have also inspired other experimental and theoretical studies. Thus our studies have varied from spectroscopy of diatomic transition metal carbides to large complexes containing transition metals, and actinide complexes that are critical to the environment. In addition, we are continuing to make code enhancements and modernization of ALCHEMY II set of codes and its interface with relativistic configuration interaction (RCI). At present these codes can carry out multi-reference computations that included up to 60 million configurations and multiple states from each such CI expansion. ALCHEMY II codes have been modernized and converted to a variety of platforms such as Windows XP, and Linux. We have revamped the symbolic CI code to automate the MRSDCI technique so that the references are automatically chosen with a given cutoff from the CASSCF and thus we are doing accurate MRSDCI computations with 10,000 or larger reference space of configurations. The RCI code can also handle a large number of reference configurations, which include up to 10,000 reference configurations. Another major progress is in routinely including larger basis sets up to 5g functions in thee computations. Of course higher angular momenta functions can also be handled using Gaussian and other codes with other methods such as DFT, MP2, CCSD(T), etc. We have also calibrated our RECP methods with all-electron Douglas-Kroll relativistic methods. We have the capabilities for computing full CI extrapolations including spin-orbit effects and several one-electron properties and electron density maps including spin-orbit effects. We are continuously collaborating with several experimental groups around the country and at National Labs to carry out computational studies on the DOE-BES funded projects. The past work in the last 3 years was primarily motivated and driven by the concurrent or recent experimental studies on these systems. NTIS Configuration Interaction; Electronic Structure; Metal Clusters; Reaction Kinetics; Transition Metals

20100017860 Rutgers - The State Univ., New Brunswick, NJ, USA Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sediments Barkay, Tamar; Young, Lily; Zylstra, Gerben; January 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-05ER63969 Report No.(s): DE2010-963080; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Mercury is a component of mixed wastes that have contaminated vast areas of the deep subsurface as a result of nuclear weapon and energy production. While this mercury is mostly bound to soil constituents episodes of groundwater contamination are known in some cases resulting in potable water super saturated with Hg(0). Microbial processes that reduce Hg(II) to the elemental form Hg(0) in the saturated subsurface sediments may contribute to this problem. When we started the project, only one microbial pathway for the reduction of Hg(II), the one mediated by the mer operon in mercury resistant bacteria was known. As we had previously demonstrated that the mer mediated process occurred in highly contaminated environments, and mercury concentrations in the subsurface were reported to be low, we hypothesized that other microbial processes might be active in reducing Hg(II) to Hg(0) in saturated subsurface environments. The speciﬁc goals of our projects were: 1. Investigating the potential for Hg(II) reduction under varying electron accepting conditions in subsurface sediments and relating these potential to mer gene distribution. 2. Examining the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the interactions of anaerobic bacteria with mercury. NTIS Anaerobes; Bacteria; Microorganisms; Sediments

20100017872 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Effect of Solution Saturation State and Temperature on Diopside Dissolution Dixit, S.; Carroll, S. A.; March 28, 2007; 50 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107040; UCRL-JRNL-229477; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Steady-state dissolution rates of diopside are measured as a function of solution saturation state using a titanium ﬂow-through reactor at pH 7.5 and temperature ranging from 125 to 175 degrees C. Diopside dissolved stoichiometrically under all experimental conditions and rates were not dependent on sample history. At each temperature, rates continuously decreased by two orders of magnitude as equilibrium was approached and did not exhibit a dissolution plateau of constant rates at high degrees of undersaturation. The variation of diopside dissolution rates with solution saturation can be described equally well with a ion exchange model based on transition state theory or pit nucleation model based on crystal growth/dissolution theory from 125 to 175 degrees C. At 175 degrees C, both models over predict dissolution rates by two orders of magnitude indicating that a secondary phase precipitated in the experiments. NTIS Chemical Reactors; Dissolving; Heat of Solution; Temperature Dependence

43 26 METALS AND METALLIC MATERIALS Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of metals and metallic materials; and metallurgy.

20100017063 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and Armor-Piercing Projectiles Bartus, Shane D; Sep. 2009; 42 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516831; ARL-TR-4996; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516831 Ballistic tests were carried out on the relatively new titanium alloy Ti-5A1-5V-5Mo-3Cr (Ti-5553), which was subjected to two heat treatment conditions. The two heat treatments provided high-strength plates which were solution treated and aged (STA) and high toughness plates that were beta-annealed, slow cooled and aged (BASCA). The 13.9-mm-thick plates were evaluated for V50 using 0.50-cal. FSP and 0.30-cal. AP M2 projectiles. The results were benchmarked against MIL-DTL- 46077F and MIL-A-46077 D for weldable titanium alloy armor plate (Ti-6Al-4V). The BASCA plates exceeded the requirement for the 0.30-cal. AP M2 by 3.2% but fell short of the Ti-6A1-4V performance against the 0.50-cal. FSP projectiles by 11.3%. The STA plates exceeded the Ti-6A1-4V mil-spec requirement by 8.7% and 11.7% for the 0.30-cal. AP M2 and 0.50-cal. FSP projectiles, respectively. DTIC Ammunition; Armor; Fragments; Piercing; Projectiles; Titanium; Titanium Alloys

20100017268 Carnegie-Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA USA Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys (HITPERM) by Very High Field Annealing Johnson, F.; Garmestani, H.; Chu, S.-Y.; McHenry, M. E.; Laughlin, D. E.; IEEE Transactions on Magnetics; July 2004; ISSN 0018-9464; Volume 40, No. 4, pp. 2697-2699; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NGT3-52379 Report No.(s): AD-A515260; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA515260; http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2004.832278 Very high magnetic field annealing is shown to affect the magnetic anisotropy in FeCo-base nanocrystalline soft ferromagnetic alloys. Alloys of composition Fe(44.5)Co(44.5)Zr(7)B(4) were prepared by melt spinning into amorphous ribbons, then wound to form toroidal bobbin cores. One set of cores was crystallized in a zero field at 600 deg. C for 1 h, then, field annealed at 17 tesla (T) at 480 deg. C for 1 h. Another set was crystallized in a 17-T field at 480 deg. C for 1 h. Field orientation was transverse to the magnetic path of the toroidal cores. An induced anisotropy is indicated by a sheared hysteresis loop. Sensitive torque magnetometry measurements with a Si cantilever sensor indicated a strong, uniaxial, longitudinal easy axis in the zero-field-crystallized sample. The source is most likely magnetoelastic anisotropy, caused by the residual stress from nanocrystallization and the nonzero magnetostriction coefficient for this material. The magnetostrictive coefficient lambda(5) is measured to be 36 ppm by a strain gage technique. Field annealing reduces the magnitude of the induced anisotropy. Core loss measurements were made in the zero-field-crystallized, zero-field-crystallized- than-field-annealed, and field-crystallized states. Core loss is reduced 30%-50% (depending on frequency) by field annealing. X-ray diffraction reveals no evidence of crystalline texture or orientation that would cause the induced anisotropy. Diffusional pair ordering is thought to be the cause of the induced anisotropy. However, reannealing the samples in the absence of a magnetic field at 480 deg. C does not completely remove the induced anisotropy. Author Anisotropy; Annealing; Ferromagnetic Materials; Iron Alloys

20100017307 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Development and Ballistic Testing of a New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard Steels Under Military Speciﬁcation MIL-DTL-46100E Showalter, Dwight; Gooch, William; Burkins, Matthew; Montgomery, Jonathan; Squillacioti, Richard; Sep. 2009; 36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-IL162618AH80 Report No.(s): AD-A516824; ARL-TR-4997; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516824 The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) was directed to investigate various ways to expand current steel armor plate

44 production as the large military demand for armor plate exceeded the current production capacity at U.S. steel facilities for quench and tempered high-hard armor (HHA) steel plate. The solution was to expand the availability of HHA steels under the current HHA military specification (MIL-DTL-46100) to include a new class of air-quenched, auto-tempered steels that do not use existing water quench and temper facilities. Allegheny Technologies Incorporated (ATI) developed an auto-tempered steel alloy, ATI 500-MIL (trademark of ATI Properties, Inc.), that has physical and mechanical properties that meet the current HHA specification. ARL procured sufficient amounts of ATI 500-MIL plate to allow acceptance testing and subsequent certification of ATI 500-MIL plate as complying with the First Article requirements of the newly revised MIL-DTL-46100E specification. This report documents the development of ATI 500-MIL plate and subsequent ballistic testing and inclusion into the specification as Class-2 auto-tempered HHA steel. DTIC Specifications; Steels

20100017308 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA General Corrosion Resistance Comparisons of Medium- and High-Strength Aluminum Alloys for DOD Systems Using Laboratory-Based Accelerated Corrosion Methods Placzankis, Brian E.; Sep. 2009; 40 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): MIPR-6F6NFC1 Report No.(s): AD-A516812; ARL-TR-4937; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516812 Test specimens of various aluminum alloys common to U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) systems or proposed for use in DOD systems were identically prepared and exposed under bare uncoated conditions in chamber-based, laboratory- accelerated corrosion test methods to assess their relative susceptibilities to general corrosion attack. The methods used were ASTM B 117 neutral salt fog (NSF) and General Motors Standard 9540P (GM 9540P) cyclic accelerated corrosion. The NSF specimens were compared at intervals of 18, 72, and 168 h. The GM 9540P specimens were assessed at 1, 5, and 10 cycle intervals. The corrosion assessments were graphically obtained using ﬂatbed scanning techniques. DTIC Aluminum Alloys; Corrosion; Corrosion Resistance; High Strength Alloys

20100017803 Savannah River National Lab., Aiken, SC, USA Investigation of the Potential for Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking of A537 Carbon Steel Nuclear Waste Tanks Lam, Poh-Sang; September 2009; 58 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC09-08SR22470 Report No.(s): DE2009-966687; SRNS-STI-2009-00564 REV. 0; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The evaporator recycle streams contain waste in a chemistry and temperature regime that may be outside of the current waste tank corrosion control program, which imposes temperature limits to mitigate caustic stress corrosion cracking (CSCC)1. A review of the recent service history (1998-2008) of Tanks 30 and 32 showed that these tanks were operated in highly concentrated hydroxide solution at high temperature. Visual inspections, experimental testing, and a review of the tank service history have shown that CSCC has occurred in uncooled/un-stress relieved F-Area tanks2. Therefore, for the Type III/IIIA waste tanks the efficacy of the stress relief of welding residual stress is the only corrosion-limiting mechanism. The objective of this experimental program is to test carbon steel small scale welded U-bend specimens and large welded plates (12OE12OE1 in.) in a caustic solution with upper bound chemistry (12 M hydroxide and 1 M each of nitrate, nitrite, and aluminate) and temperature (125 DGC). These conditions simulate worst-case situations in Tanks 30 and 32. Both as-welded and stress-relieved specimens have been tested. No evidence of stress corrosion cracking was found in the U-bend specimens after 21 days of testing. The large plate test is currently in progress, but no cracking has been observed after 9 weeks of immersion. Based on the preliminary results, it appears that the environmental conditions of the tests are unable to develop stress corrosion cracking within the duration of these tests. NTIS Alkalies; Carbon Steels; Corrosion; Cracking (Fracturing); Radioactive Wastes

45 20100017852 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA, USA Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for Fusion Application Caro, A.; Sadigh, B.; Stukowski, A.; Srinivasan, S. G.; Erhart, P.; July 29, 2009; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48; DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-964508; LLNL-TR-415255; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This research has two main objectives: (1) The development of computational tools to evaluate alloy properties, using the information contained in thermodynamic functions. We aim at improving the ability of classical potentials to account for complex alloy behavior, and (2) The application of these tools to predict properties of alloys under irradiation, in particular the FeCr system. This semester has been very productive in the developments of both tools and algorithms. Our work aims at developing theoretical and numerical methodologies that are directly applicable to multi-scale modeling addressing the specific issues related to multi-component, multi-phase systems in non-equilibrium states, such as solid-solution hardening, point defect-solute interactions, stoichiometry effects, static and dynamic strain aging, dislocation-solute interactions, and in general the aspects of microstructure evolution that are affected by irradiation. At its present stage of development, we have been able to predict numerous thermodynamic properties of FeCr mainly related to ordering and precipitation; we have found new intermetallic phases and suggested the existence of a dependence of the solubility limit on the degree of order of the alloy. At present, we are studying dislocation mobility in the solid solution and the heterogeneous phase, and we are developing a new algorithm to perform Monte Carlo simulations inside the miscibility gap, a technique that will allow us to study interfacial energies and nucleation sizes. We develop a strategy to model radiation damage in FeCr alloys, system in which magnetism introduces an anomaly in the heat of formation of the solid solution that is at the basis of its unique behavior. Magnetism has implications for the precipitation of excess Cr in the a phase in the presence of heterogeneities. These complexities pose many challenges for atomistic (empirical) methods. To address such issues we develop a modified, many-body potential by rigorously fitting thermodynamic properties, including free energy. Multi-million atom displacement Monte Carlo simulations in the transmutation ensemble, using both our new potential and our new MC code, are able to predict properties of non equilibrium processes like heterogeneous precipitation, and dislocation - precipitate interactions, enabling the study of hardening and embrittlement under irradiation. NTIS Irradiation; Simulation; Thermodynamics

27 NONMETALLIC MATERIALS Includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of plastics, elastomers, lubricants, polymers, textiles, adhesives, and ceramic materials. For composite materials see 24 Composite Materials.

20100017060 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Using Plasticity Values Determined From Systematic Hardness Indentation Measurements for Predicting Impact Behavior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple Screening Technique McCauley, James W; Wilantewicz, Trevor E; Sep. 2009; 16 pp.; In English; Army Science Conference (26th), 1-4 Dec. 2008, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-BH64 Report No.(s): AD-A516850; ARL-RP-268; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516850 In general, it has long been known that the hardness of ceramics correlates with gross impact performance, however, not to a degree useful for materials development. Wilkins, Cline and Honodel, 1969, were the first to point out the apparent importance of ceramic plasticity or inelastic deformation mechanisms in BeO and AlN in impact performance. More recently, Lundberg et al., 2000, have made compelling arguments that the compressive yield strength (related to hardness) augmented by the amount of plasticity in ceramics correlates well to transitional velocities (dwell), i.e. the velocity (or impact pressure) where penetration begins. However, a direct measure of plasticity has not been determined. Hardness comparisons between materials are problematic since the values vary with the applied load, however, the full hardness-load curve can provide much more information on material behavior than hardness alone measured at a single load. In this work, several methods for curve fitting hardness-load data have been compared for both Knoop and Vickers hardness on several ceramic materials: aluminum oxynitride (AlON), silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and boron carbide. A power-law equation (H = kFc) is shown to fit the Knoop data quite well. A plot of log10 (HK) vs. log10 (F) yielded easily comparable straight lines, whose slope and intercept data might be useful parameters to characterize the materials. It is shown on a series of hot pressed SiC variants that the

46 absolute value of the reciprocal of the slope is a measure of plasticity and that the sum of this value with the calculated Knoop hardness at1Nisauseful parameter to predict impact transitional velocity. DTIC Ceramics; Hardness; Indentation; Plastic Properties; Predictions

20100017135 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI, USA Design of Radiation-Tolerant Structural Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems Allen, T. R.; June 30, 2009; 109 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC07-06ID14740 Report No.(s): DE2009-963534; DOE/ID/14740; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This project will use proton irradiation to further understand the microstructural stability of ceramics being considered as matrix material for advanced nuclear fuels. NTIS Ceramics; Nuclear Fuels

20100017225 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Development, Testing, and Failure Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase Change Material Heat Exchanger Leimkuehler, Thomas O.; Hansen, Scott; Stephan, Ryan A.; [2010]; 14 pp.; In English; 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 119103.01.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20280; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017225 Phase change materials (PCM) may be useful for thermal control systems that involve cyclical heat loads or cyclical thermal environments such as Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and Low Lunar Orbit (LLO). Thermal energy can be stored in the PCM during peak heat loads or in adverse thermal environments. The stored thermal energy can then be released later during minimum heat loads or in more favorable thermal environments. One advantage that PCM’s have over evaporators in this scenario is that they do not use a consumable. Wax PCM units have been baselined for the Orion thermal control system and also provide risk mitigation for the Altair Lander. However, the use of water as a PCM has the potential for significant mass reduction since the latent heat of formation of water is approximately 70% greater than that of wax. One of the potential drawbacks of using ice as a PCM is its potential to rupture its container as water expands upon freezing. In order to develop a space qualified ice PCM heat exchanger, failure mechanisms must first be understood. Therefore, a methodical experimental investigation has been undertaken to demonstrate and document specific failure mechanisms due to ice expansion in the PCM. An ice PCM heat exchanger that replicates the thermal energy storage capacity of an existing wax PCM unit was fabricated and tested. Additionally, methods for controlling void location in order to reduce the risk of damage due to ice expansion are investigated. This paper presents the results to date of this investigation. Nomenclature Author Ice; Phase Change Materials; Temperature Control; Thermal Environments; Water

20100017318 Savannah River National Lab., Aiken, SC, USA First Status Report: Testing of Aged Softwood Fiberboard Material for the 9975 Shipping Package Daughtery, W. L.; Jan. 2010; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC09-0SR22470 Report No.(s): DE2010-970624; SRNL-TR-2009-00475; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Samples have been prepared from a softwood fiberboard lower subassembly. Physical, mechanical and thermal properties have been measured following varying periods of conditioning in each of several environments. These tests have been conducted in the same manner as previous testing on cane fiberboard samples. Overall, similar aging trends are observed for softwood and cane fiberboard samples. Some of the observed differences result from the limited exposure periods of the softwood fiberboard samples, and the impact of seasonal humidity levels. Testing following additional conditioning will continue and should eliminate this bias. NTIS Boards (Paper); Subassemblies; Packaging; Containers

47 20100017326 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain Ceramics Salem, Jonathan A.; Ghosn, Louis J.; March 2010; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 441261.04.22.04.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216242; E-17229; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017326 Due to a coarse grain structure, crack lengths in precracked spinel specimens could not be measured optically, so the crack lengths and fracture toughness were estimated by strain gage measurements. An expression was developed via ﬁnite element analysis to correlate the measured strain with crack length in four-point ﬂexure. The fracture toughness estimated by the strain gaged samples and another standardized method were in agreement. Author Ceramics; Crack Propagation; Strain Gages; Fracture Strength; Finite Element Method; Spinel

20100017491 Army Tank-Automotive Research and Development Command, Warren, MI USA Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor Using Advanced Signal Processing Together with Phased Array Ultrasound Steckenrider, J. S.; Ellingson, W. A.; Koehl, E. R.; Meitzler, T. J.; January 8, 2010; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517493; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A series of 16-inch square by 2-inch thick, multi-layered ceramic composite armor specimens have been inspected using a 128 element, 10MHz immersion phased array ultrasound system. Some of these specimens had intentional design defects inserted interior to the specimens. Because of the very large changes in acoustic velocities of the various layered materials, ultrasonic wave propagation is problematic. Further, since the materials used in the layers were stacked such that a lower elastic modulus material was on one side and a higher elastic modulus material was on the other, the side selected for ultrasonic insonification became a significant parameter. To overcome some aspects of the issues with the acoustic wave propagation, two digital signal processing methods were employed. These were: 1)- use of fast Fourier transforms (FFT) and 2)-an integrated signal analysis. Each method has strengths and weaknesses with application in part dependent upon the side of sample used for insonification. The results clearly show that use of these methods significantly improves defect detection. This paper presents the details of the samples used, the issues with ultrasonic wave propagation, a discussion of the two digital signal processing algorithms and results obtained. DTIC Armor; Ceramics; Composite Materials; Phased Arrays; Signal Processing; Ultrasonics

20100017555 National Inst. of Aerospace Associates, Hampton, VA USA Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Polymer Matrices Wise, Kristopher Eric, Inventor; Park, Cheol, Inventor; Siochi, Emilie J., Inventor; Harrison, Joycelyn S., Inventor; Lillehei, Peter T., Inventor; Lowther, Sharon E., Inventor; February 23, 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC1-02043 Patent Info.: Filed May 11, 2006; US-Patent-7,666,939; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/432,201; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017555 Dispersions of carbon nanotubes exhibiting long term stability are based on a polymer matrix having moieties therein which are capable of a donor-acceptor complexation with carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes are introduced into the polymer matrix and separated therein by standard means. Nanocomposites produced from these dispersions are useful in the fabrication of structures, e.g., lightweight aerospace structures. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Carbon Nanotubes; Polymer Matrix Composites; Nanocomposites; Aircraft Structures; Fabrication

20100017781 Alabama Univ., Birmingham, AL, USA Development of Designer Diamond Technology for High Pressure High Temperature Experiments in Support of Stockpile Stewardship Program. Final Report Vohra, Y. K.; January 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG52-06NA26168 Report No.(s): DE2010-966447; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The role of nitrogen in the fabrication of designer diamond was systematically investigated by adding controlled amount

48 of nitrogen in hydrogen/methane/oxygen plasma. This has led to a successful recipe for reproducible fabrication of designer diamond anvils for high-pressure high-temperature research in support of stockpile stewardship program. In the three-year support period, several designer diamonds fabricated with this new growth chemistry were utilized in high-pressure experiments at UAB and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The designer diamond anvils were utilized in high-pressure studies on heavy rare earth metals, high pressure melting studies on metals, and electrical resistance measurements on iron-based layered superconductors under high pressures. The growth chemistry developed under NNSA support can be adapted for commercial production of designer diamonds. NTIS Diamonds; High Temperature; Nitrogen; Stockpiling

20100017782 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Preliminary Assessment of the Energy-Saving Potential of Electrochromic Windows in Residential Buildings Roberts, David R.; December 2009; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-08GO28308 Report No.(s): DE2010-969720; NREL/TP-550-46916; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Electrochromic windows provide variable tinting that can help control glare and solar heat gain. We used BEopt software to evaluate their performance in prototypical energy models of a single-family home. NTIS Buildings; Electrochromism

20100017792 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA Development of Design Parameters for Mass Concrete Using Finite Element Analysis Tia, Mang; Ferraro, Christopher; Lawrence, Adrian; Smith, Samuel; Ochiai, Eiji; February 2010; 194 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): BD545-60; Proj. No 00054863 Report No.(s): PB2010-107347; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A finite element model for analysis of mass concrete was developed in the study. To validate the developed model, large concrete blocks made with four different mixes of concrete, typical of use in mass concrete applications in Florida, were made and monitored for their temperature and strain developments, and compared with the computed temperature and stress distributions from the finite element model. A parametric analysis was also conducted to determine the effects of various factors on the temperature distribution, induced stresses and the cracking risk. Investigation was also made on testing methods to measure the thermal and mechanical properties of mass concrete needed as input parameters for the finite element model. NTIS Concretes; Design Analysis; Finite Element Method; Mathematical Models

20100017900 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on Carbon with Improved Durability Song, Yujiang; Shelnutt, John A.; Stanis, Ronald J.; Garcia, Robert M.; Moreno, Andres M.; October 2008; 24 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report No.(s): DE2009-966923; SAND2008-6834; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This project is aimed to gain added durability by supporting ripening-resistant dendritic platinum and/or platinum-based alloy nanostructures on carbon. We have developed a new synthetic approach suitable for directly supporting dendritic nanostructures on VXC-72 carbon black (CB), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The key of the synthesis is to creating a unique supporting/conﬁning reaction environment by incorporating carbon within lipid bilayer relying on a hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction. In order to realize size uniformity control over the supported dendritic nanostructures, a fast photocatalytic seeding method based on tin(IV) porphyrins (SnP) developed at Sandia was applied to the synthesis by using SnP-containing liposomes under tungsten light irradiation. For concept approval, one created dendritic platinum nanostructure supported on CB was fabricated into membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for durability examination via potential cycling. It appears that carbon supporting is essentially beneﬁcial to an enhanced durability according to our preliminary results. NTIS Carbon; Durability; Nanostructures (Devices); Platinum Alloys; Shapes

49 28 PROPELLANTS AND FUELS Includes rocket propellants, igniters, and oxidizers; their storage and handling procedures; and aircraft fuels. For nuclear fuels see 73 Nuclear Physics. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; and 44 Energy Production and Conversion.

20100017045 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (WIDECARS) Tedder, Sarah A.; Wheeler, Jeffrey L.; Danehy, Paul M.; [2010]; 18 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 599489.02.07.07.06 Report No.(s): NF1676L-9884; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017045 WIDECARS is a dual-pump coherent anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy technique that is capable of simultaneously measuring temperature and species mole fractions of N2, O2, H2, C2H4, CO, and CO2. WIDECARS is designed for measurements of all the major species (except water) in supersonic combustion ﬂows fueled with hydrogen and hydrogen/ethylene mixtures. The two lowest rotational energy levels of hydrogen detectable by WIDECARS are H2 S(3) and H2 S(4). The detection of these lines gives the system the capability to measure temperature and species concentrations in regions of the ﬂow containing pure hydrogen fuel at room temperature. Author Raman Spectroscopy; Computational Fluid Dynamics; Fluid Flow; Hydrogen Fuels; Ethylene; Nonintrusive Measurement; Width

20100017159 Department of Transportation, Washington, DC USA; Department of Energy, Washington, DC USA; Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC USA Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act CAFE Incentives Policy: Report to Congress March 2002; 97 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106937; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Alternative Motor Fuels Act of 1988, Pub. L. 100-94, October 14, 1988, (AMFA) provides Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) incentives for the manufacture of vehicles that use alcohol or natural gas fuels, either exclusively or as an alternative fuel in conjunction with gasoline or diesel fuel. AMFA directs the Secretary of Transportation, in consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency Administrator and the Secretary of Energy, to conduct a study and submit a report to Congress evaluating the success of the policy decision to offer CAFE credit incentives for the production and sale of dual-fuel vehicles. As required by the statutory language, this study evaluates: (1) the availability to the public of alternative fuel vehicles and alternative fuels; (2) energy conservation and security; (3) environmental considerations; and (4) other relevant factors. It is also required that the Department of Transportation either extend the incentive program for dual-fuel vehicles up to four years beyond model year 2004, with a maximum allowable increase in average fuel economy per manufacturer of 0.9 miles per gallon (the maximum through MY 2004 is 1.2 miles per gallon); or issue a Federal Register notice that explains why the incentive program was not extended. This study indicates that the AMFA CAFE credit incentive program for producing dual-fuel vehicles has had mixed results. NTIS Air Pollution; Energy Policy; Incentives; Policies; Pollution Control; Automobile Fuels

20100017282 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Computational Analysis of Dynamic SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector Performance Ryder, R.; Hendricks, Roberts C.; Huber, M. L.; Shouse, D. T.; [2010]; 13 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): ISROMAC13-2010-61; E-17206; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017282 Civil and military ﬂight tests using blends of synthetic and biomass fueling with jet fuel up to 50:50 are currently considered as ‘drop-in’ fuels. They are fully compatible with aircraft performance, emissions and fueling systems, yet the design and operations of such fueling systems and combustors must be capable of running fuels from a range of feedstock sources. This paper provides Smart Combustor or Fuel Flexible Combustor designers with computational tools, preliminary performance, emissions and particulates combustor sector data. The baseline fuel is kerosene-JP-8+100 (military) or Jet A (civil). Results for synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) fuel blends show little change with respect to baseline performance,

50 yet do show lower emissions. The evolution of a validated combustor design procedure is fundamental to the development of dynamic fueling of combustor systems for gas turbine engines that comply with multiple feedstock sources satisfying both new and legacy systems. Author Jet Engine Fuels; Performance Tests; Refueling; Combustion Chambers; Synthetic Fuels

20100017283 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Particulate Emissions Hazards Associated with Fueling Heat Engines Hendricks, Robert C.; Bushnell, Dennis M.; [2010]; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.03.16.03 Report No.(s): ISROMAC13-2010-62; E-17207; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017283 All hydrocarbon- (HC-) fueled heat engine exhaust (tailpipe) emissions (<10 to 140 nm) contribute as health hazards, including emissions from transportation vehicles (e.g., aircraft) and other HC-fueled power systems. CO2 emissions are tracked, and when mapped, show outlines of major transportation routes and cities. Particulate pollution affects living tissue and is found to be detrimental to cardiovascular and respiratory systems where ultraﬁne particulates directly translocate to promote vascular system diseases potentially detectable as organic vapors. This paper discusses aviation emissions, fueling, and certiﬁcation issues, including heat engine emissions hazards, detection at low levels and tracking of emissions, and alternate energy sources for general aviation. Author Aircraft Fuels; Cardiovascular System; Heat Engines; Hydrocarbons; Refueling; Exhaust Emission; Particulates; Hazards

20100017410 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Approach Hendricks, Robert C.; Bushnell, Dennis M.; Shouse, Dale T.; [2010]; 10 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.03.16.03 Report No.(s): ISROMAC13-2010-48; E-17184; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017410 Projected growth of aviation depends on fueling where speciﬁc needs must be met. Safety is paramount, and along with political, social, environmental and legacy transport systems requirements, alternate aviation fueling becomes an opportunity of enormous proportions. Biofuels sourced from halophytes, algae, cyanobacteria, and weeds using wastelands, waste water, and seawater have the capacity to be drop-in fuel replacements for petroleum fuels. Biojet fuels from such sources solves the aviation CO2 emissions issue and do not compete with food or freshwater needs. They are not detrimental to the social or environmental fabric and use the existing fuels infrastructure. Cost and sustainable supply remains the major impediments to alternate fuels. Halophytes are the near-term solution to biomass/biofuels capacity at reasonable costs; they simply involve more farming, at usual farming costs. Biofuels represent a win-win approach, proffering as they do at least the ones we are studying massive capacity, climate neutral-to-some sequestration, and ultimately, reasonable costs. Author Aircraft Fuels; Renewable Energy; Air Pollution; Biomass Burning

20100017413 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Performance: Part A: Combustor Performance Part B: Combustor Emissions Shouse, D. T.; Neuroth, C.; Henricks, R. C.; Lynch, A.; Frayne, C.; Stutrud, J. S.; Corporan, E.; Hankins, T.; [2010]; 24 pp.; In English; (ISROMAC-13) Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery, 4-9 Apr. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.03.16.03 Report No.(s): ISROMAC13-2010-49; E-17205; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017413 Alternate aviation fuels for military or commercial use are required to satisfy MIL-DTL-83133F(2008) or ASTM D 7566 (2010) standards, respectively, and are classified as drop-in fuel replacements. To satisfy legacy issues, blends to 50% alternate fuel with petroleum fuels are certified individually on the basis of feedstock. Adherence to alternate fuels and fuel blends requires smart fueling systems or advanced fuel-flexible systems, including combustors and engines without significant

51 sacriﬁce in performance or emissions requirements. This paper provides preliminary performance (Part A) and emissions and particulates (Part B) combustor sector data for synthetic-paraﬁnic-kerosene- (SPK-) type fuel and blends with JP-8+100 relative to JP-8+100 as baseline fueling. Author Aircraft Fuels; Combustion Chambers; Fuel Systems; Exhaust Emission; Hydrocarbon Fuels

20100017481 North Dakota Univ., Grand Forks, ND USA Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Military Zygarlicke, Christopher J.; Aulich, Ted R.; Wocken, Chad A.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, Debra F.; Buckley, Tera D.; Buckley, John P.; Hurley, John P.; Jiang, Junhua; September 24, 2009; 214 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): W9132T-08-2-0014 Report No.(s): AD-A517568; 2010-EERC-03-08; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The EERC conducted R&D for ERDC-CERL/ONR under Contract W9132T-08-2-0014 to develop fuel cell hydrogen/ hydrocarbon fuel technologies to power vehicles and auxiliary power and stationary systems. In Task 1, a high-pressure (HP) water-reforming process was modified to improve heat transfer to a catalyst bed for converting methane, methanol, ethanol, and sulfur-free jet fuel to H2. HP condensation effectively removed water. Physical absorption effectively captured non-H2 gases, resulting in a HP (6000 psi) gas stream containing 96% H2 when reforming methanol. HP-compatible ESA/ electrochemical processes were developed/optimized for HP H2 purification. Testing of an electrically conductive high-surface-density monolithic adsorber from activated carbon at 800 psig showed no excessive heating and an acceptable purification level. DTIC Hydrogen; Hydrogen Fuels; Jet Engine Fuels; JP-8 Jet Fuel

29 SPACE PROCESSING Includes space-based development of materials, compounds, and processes for research or commercial application. Also includes the development of materials and compounds in simulated reduced-gravity environments. For legal aspects of space commercialization see 84 Law, Political Science and Space Policy.

20100017279 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Exploration Balasubramaniam, R.; Wegeng, R. S.; Gokoglu, S. A.; Suzuki, N. H.; Sacksteder, K. R.; April 2010; 21 pp.; In English; 47th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 5-8 Jan. 2009, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 075585.01.06.01.03.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216254; AIAA Paper 2009-1339; E-17240; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017279 The realization of the renewed exploration of the Moon presents many technical challenges; among them is the survival of lunar surface assets during periods of darkness when the lunar environment is very cold. Thermal wadis are engineered sources of stored solar energy using modified lunar regolith as a thermal storage mass that can enable the operation of lightweight robotic rovers or other assets in cold, dark environments without incurring potential mass, cost, and risk penalties associated with various onboard sources of thermal energy. Thermal wadi-assisted lunar rovers can conduct a variety of long-duration missions including exploration site surveys; teleoperated, crew-directed, or autonomous scientific expeditions; and logistics support for crewed exploration. This paper describes a thermal analysis of thermal wadi performance based on the known solar illumination of the moon and estimates of producible thermal properties of modified lunar regolith. Analysis was performed for the lunar equatorial region and for a potential Outpost location near the lunar south pole. The results are presented in some detail in the paper and indicate that thermal wadis can provide the desired thermal energy reserve, with significant margin, for the survival of rovers or other equipment during periods of darkness. Author Heat Storage; Solar Energy; Thermal Energy; Solar Heating; Lunar Environment; Lunar Surface; Lunar Exploration; Temperature Effects; Thermodynamic Properties

52 31 ENGINEERING (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to engineering and applied physics, and particular areas of vacuum technology, industrial engineering, cryogenics, and ﬁre prevention. For speciﬁc topics in engineering see categories 32 through 39.

20100016374 Southwest Research Inst., San Antonio, TX USA Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from the Field Bessee, Gary B.; January 2010; 37 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAE-07-99-C-L0539; Proj-SWRI-08.03227.49 Report No.(s): AD-A516544; TFLRF-402; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This program investigated helicopter operational field issues encountered by the U.S. Army Aviation Engineering Directorate. All of these field issues involved contaminated fuel problems that created operational/flight safety issues. Two of the incidents involved plugged fuel filters that were directly related to super absorbent polymer (SAP) migration from water absorbent monitors. The third incident also involved a plugged fuel filter, but this debris was from an unknown, external source. DTIC Aircraft Accidents; Aircraft Fuels; Debris; Fluid Filters; Fuel Contamination; Helicopters

20100016977 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pressure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Discharge (POSTPRINT) Ganguly, Biswa N.; Sands, Brian L.; Huang, Shih K.; January 2010; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2301 Report No.(s): AD-A516414; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2025; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Current scaling in an atmospheric pressure capillary dielectric barrier discharge, comprising a structured rare gas flow that extends into ambient air, is characterized by electrical and optical measurements. In the transient glow mode, two current scaling regimes were identified that are separated by the static free shear flow boundary. The peak current was sensitive to cathode placement relative to this flow structure and could be scaled from 300 mA to over 5 A. Applying a Boltzmann equation solver, it was found that 1% air entrainment into the flow and an E/N could account for the observed trends. DTIC Atmospheric Pressure; Capillary Tubes; Dielectric Properties; Dielectrics; Electric Current; Electric Discharges; Pulse Rate; Scalers; Spectroscopy

20100017018 Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC USA NRL Fact Book Jan 2008; 130 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517469; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The NRL Fact Book is a reference source for information about the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). It is updated and placed on NRL’s Web site annually. It is printed every other year. To provide additional information to the reader, a point of contact is listed for each activity. DTIC Electric Contacts; Standards; Readers; Websites

20100017312 Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Test Resource Management Center), Washington, DC USA Infrared Countermeasures Test and Evaluation Hinton, G. Derrick; ITEA Journal; Jan. 2007, pp. 13-14; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516772; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516772 A shadowy ﬁgure hides in the brush near a military or civilian airport. A man-portable surface-to-air missile rests on his shoulder as he watches the aircraft take off. When the big jet reaches 3,000 feet, the missile locks onto the heat from the aircraft engines, and the gunner pulls the trigger. The 24-pound missile quickly accelerates to Mach 2, reaching its target in less than 5 seconds. The 4-pound warhead, although relatively small, is enough to bring the aircraft down. Over half a million of these relatively inexpensive weapons are available worldwide and are easily obtainable by terrorists, insurgents, and other enemy

53 combatants. To counter this threat, the U.S. military, as well as the Department of Homeland Security, are developing Infrared Countermeasure (IRCM) systems. These IRCM systems are designed to defeat both surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles by detecting the ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) radiation from the missile plume (the exhaust trail from the missile) and then initiating countermeasures. Countermeasures include both ﬂares, which are designed to give the missile a decoy target; and laser jammers, which cause missile guidance systems to abruptly steer away from the target aircraft. Examples of IRCM systems currently in development include the Army’s Advanced Threat IRCM/Common Missile Warning System (ATIRCM/ CMWS); the Air Force’s Large Aircraft IRCM (LAIRCM) NexGen; and the Navy’s Strike Directional IRCM (DIRCM). DTIC Air Defense; Air to Air Missiles; Evaluation; Exhaust Gases; Optical Countermeasures; Plumes; Portable Equipment; Surface to Air Missiles; System Effectiveness

20100017313 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA; Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK, USA; Taitech, Inc., Beavercreek, OH, USA Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossﬂow (Postprint) Carter, Campbell D.; Lee, J.; Sallam, K. A.; Kin, K. C.; Apr. 2009; 11 pp.; In English; AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit (46th), 7-10 Jan. 2008, Reno, NV, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF EPS-0132534; Proj-2308 Report No.(s): AD-A516762; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2053; AIAA Paper 1043; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516762 An experimental study of the breakup of an aerated liquid jet in subsonic cross ﬂow was carried out. Digital double pulsed holographic microscopy was used, employing a double exposure charge-coupled device sensor. The measurements include droplet locations, sizes and sphericity, and three-dimensional velocities. Droplet velocities in three dimensions were measured by tracking their displacements in the streamwise and cross-stream direction and by tracking the change in the plane of focus in the spanwise direction. The study demonstrated that digital holographic microscopy was suitable for probing the nonspherical droplets in the near-injector region. The droplet size distributions followed Simmons’s universal root-normal distribution and thus could be fully described by the Sauter mean diameter alone. The distributions of the streamwise and cross-stream velocities were uniform in the near-injector region and could be characterized by the mass-average velocity except for very small and very large droplets. DTIC Aeration; Cross Flow; Fluid Jets; Injectors; Sprayers; Subsonic Flow

20100017314 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA; Sandia National Labs., Livermore, CA, USA Collisional Quenching of No A2sigma+(nu’= 0) Between 125 and 294 (Postprint) Carter, Cambell D.; Settersten, Thomas B.; Patterson, Brian D.; Journal Of Chemical Physics; May 28, 2009; Volume 130, No. 20; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2308 Report No.(s): AD-A516753; AFRL-RZ-WP-TP-2010-2057; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516753 We report measurements of the temperature-dependent cross sections for the quenching of fluorescence from the A (2)Sigma(+)(v(’) = 0) state of NO for temperatures between 125 and 294 K. Thermally averaged cross sections were measured for quenching by NO (X (2)Pi), N2, O2, and CO in a cryogenically cooled gas flow cell. Picosecond laser-induced fluorescence was time resolved, and the thermally averaged quenching cross sections were determined from the dependence of the fluorescence decay rate on the quencher-gas pressure. These measurements extend to lower temperature the range of previously published results for NO and O2 and constitute the first reported measurements of the N2 and CO cross sections for temperatures below 294 K. Between 125 and 294 K, a negative temperature dependence is observed for quenching by NO, O2, and CO, implicating collision-complex formation in all three cases. Over the same temperature range, a constant, nonzero cross section is measured for quenching by N2. Updated empirical models for the temperature dependence of the cross sections between 125 and 4500 K are recommended. DTIC Laser Induced Fluorescence; Nitric Oxide; Quantitative Analysis

54 20100017541 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Scalable and Fault Tolerant Group Key Management Lupien, Nicholas A.; March 2010; 60 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517291; AFIT/GCS/ENG/10-05; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) To address the group key management problem for modern networks this research proposes a lightweight group key management protocol with a gossip-based dissemination routine. Experiments show that by slightly increasing workload for the key update mechanism, this protocol is superior to currently available tree-based protocols with respect to reliability and fault tolerance, while remaining scalable to large groups. In addition, it eliminates the need for logical key hierarchy while preserving an overall reduction in rekey messages to rekey a group. The protocol provides a simple pull mechanism to ensure perfect rekeys in spite of the primary rekey mechanism’s probabilistic guarantees, without burdening key distribution facilities. Beneﬁts of this protocol are quantiﬁed versus tree-based dissemination in Java simulations on networks exhibiting various node failure rates. DTIC Communication Networks; Fault Tolerance; Protocol (Computers)

20100017573 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Particle Size Control for PIV Seeding Using Dry Ice Love, Brian T.; March 2010; 103 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517348; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M15; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Particle image velocimetry (PIV) has been carried out using solid carbon dioxide (CO2) particles as the seed material to continue the development of clean seeding for use in large-scale, closed-circuit tunnels. Testing occurred in two wind tunnels at subsonic and supersonic speeds using dry ice particles generated by allowing liquified CO2 to expand from a small diameter injector tube through a larger diameter shroud tube. The particles were injected into the plenum and discrete solid particles, suitable for PIV measurements, were present in the test section. Data on particle size were first collected using a Malvern particle size analyzer for three sizes of injector tubes, two sizes of shroud tubes, and two different types of shroud tubes: a simple tube and a static mixing tube. The injectors using the static mixing shroud tube and the simple shroud tube were each used in the adjustable throat supersonic blowdown wind tunnel at the Air Force Institute of Technology with a 6 inch by 6.5 inch crosssection. Particle size results for these two configurations suggested that the static mixing shroud tube decreased the Sauter mean particle diameter by a factor of three. In the tunnel, Mach 1.92 flow over a 10 degree ramp was produced and PIV images captured particles above the ramp, both upstream and downstream of the oblique shock while schlieren imaging provided insight into the flow conditions. Both the velocities far upstream and far downstream of the shock closely matched expectations, based on the wind tunnel instrumentation. Particle lag for the flow across the shock was quantified for the two cases, and despite the substantial, quantified differences in particle size measured at the shroud tube exit, the results for both shroud tubes were generally consistent with a theoretical response of a 2 micron particle. Finally, for the first time particles were injeinch cross-sectthat PIV using CO2 particles may be robustly implemented DTIC Drying; Ice; Particle Image Velocimetry

20100017684 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, VA USA Cost-Effective Strategy for Surface Navy Systems Integration and Test Engineering Scaramozzi, Anthony; August 2008; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517150; NSWCDD/TR-08/98; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517150 This document describes the complexity and burgeoning inter- and/or intraconnectivity demands that have imposed an infrastructure within the Naval Warfare Enterprise that includes test and evaluation as a signiﬁcant aspect of each Navy Combat System Acquisition Program as well as support for deployed units. DTIC Cost Effectiveness; Navy; Procurement; Systems Engineering; Systems Integration

55 32 COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR Includes radar; radio, wire, and optical communications; land and global communications; communications theory. For related information see also 04 Aircraft Communications and Navigation; and 17 Space Communications, Spacecraft Communications, Command and Tracking; for search and rescue, see 03 Air Transportation and Safety; and 16 Space Transportation and Safety.

20100016369 UtopiaCompression Corp., Los Angeles, CA USA Topology Control Within the Airborne Network Backbone Ganguli, Anurag; Tiwari, Abhishek; Shen, Bao-hong; Yadegar, Joseph; Hadynski, Gregory; Krishnamurthi, Niyant; The Proceeding of Military Communications Conference; October 2009, pp. 1 - 9; In English; MILCOM 2009: Military Communications Conference, 18 - 21 Oct. 2009, Boston, MA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-C-0182; FA8750-09-C-0133; Proj-09SB; 65502F Report No.(s): AD-A516554; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-62; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Active topology management in the Airborne Network (AN) can provide improved overall network performance, efficiency, and scalability. Topology management and control in airborne networks are critical due to the high degree of platform dynamics involved. The RF links that form an airborne network must be capable of being established and reconfigured rapidly in response to aircraft joining and leaving the network, aircraft changing flight paths, and the changes in mission information flows, among other things. Additional technical challenges stem from the fact that the airborne nodes will use multiple directional and omni-directional antennas with differing antenna patterns. In this paper we present a Mission Aware Topology Control (MAToC) solution for the Airborne Network. MAToC is comprised of deliberative and reactive topology planning components. DTIC Communication Networks; Topology

20100016370 XPRT Solutions, Inc., Eastontown, NJ USA Reservation-Based Quality of Service (QOS) in an Airborne Network Elmasry, George F.; Jain, Manoj; Lee, Junghoon; Life, Roy; Hadynski, Gregory; Metcalf, Bruce; The Proceeding of Military Communications Conference 2009; October 2009, pp. 1 - 7; In English; FROM Military Communications Conference 2009, 18 - 21 Oct. 2009, Boston, MA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-09SB; 65502F Report No.(s): AD-A516553; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-63; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper addresses the use of Resource ReSerVation Protocol-Aggregate (RSVP-AGG) at the tactical edge of the Air Force’s Airborne Network (AN). Since the AN tactical edge can have different types of stub-networks accessing the AN (i.e., non-IP based legacy networks like Link 16, DiffServ based networks and IntServ based networks), RSVP-AGG offers a common access approach regardless of the differences in the networks using the AN. The paper presents a novel RSVP-AGG approach that has the advantage of decreasing the burden on the AN core links with limited bandwidth by reducing RSVP control traffic over the encrypted core. Also, the paper shows that RSVP-AGG (being a single reservation instead of multiple reservations) could be more resilient to link errors. Moreover,using RSVP-AGG over the AN core could open the door to consider the advantages of statistical multiplexing. DTIC Communication Networks; Wireless Communication; Bandwidth

20100016371 Marine Corps War Coll., Quantico, VA USA The USA Strategic Command: A Cold War Icon Morel, W. E.; April 30, 1997; 33 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516552; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This study analyzes the USA Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) in terms of its missions and structure and proposes future actions to further advance the U.S. National Strategy of engagement and enlargement through regional stability and efficient force structure. Historically, the Strategic Air Command (SAC), USSTRATCOM’s predecessor, was rooted in strategic bombing theory. The bipolar Soviet Union threat caused increased reliance on nuclear weapons for deterrence and changed SAC’s mission and force structure, including command and control and targeting. The Uniﬁed Command Plan (UCP) helped to reshape SAC’s command structure and determine the correct mix of its military function and regional focus.

56 Congress emphasized regional Commander in Chiefs (CINCs) roles with the passage of the Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986. Now that the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact have collapsed, there has been a total refocusing of national policy and strategy. Regional actors and regional stability will ensure the protection of U.S. vital security interests. The nuclear mission is still part of a changing U.S. deterrence strategy. USSTRATCOM’s mission is best managed by a regional CINC; staff functions can be accomplished elsewhere. In addition, merging USSTRATCOM with USSPACECOM will provide functional and ﬁscal advantages given the proper political context. DTIC Command and Control; International Relations; Politics; United States

20100016372 Research Associates for Defense Conversion, Inc., Marcy, NY USA Speaker Recognition on Lossy Compressed Speech Using the Speex Codec Stauffer, A. R.; Lawson, A. D.; The Proceedings of the 10th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association: Interspeech 2009; September 2009, pp. 2363 - 2366; In English; 10th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association: Interspeech 2009 Brighton,6-10Sep. 2009, Brighton, UK, UK; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-05-C-0029; Proj-1049; 35885G Report No.(s): AD-A516549; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-45; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper examines the impact of lossy speech coding with Speex on GMM-UBM speaker recognition (SR). Audio from 120 speakers was compressed with Speex into twelve data sets, each with a different level of compression quality from 0 (most compressed) to 10 (least), plus uncompressed. Experiments looked at performance under matched and mismatched compression conditions, using models conditioned for the coded environment, and Speex coding applied to improving SR performance on other coders. Results show that Speex is effective for compression of data used in SR and that Speex coding can improve performance on data compressed by the GSM codec. DTIC Coders; Decoders; Speech Baseband Compression; Voice Data Processing

20100016375 Research Associates for Defense Conversion, Inc., Marcy, NY USA Long Term Examination of Intra-Session and Inter-Session Speaker Variability Lawson, A. D.; Stauffer, A. R.; Smolenski, B. Y.; Pokines, B. B.; Leonard, M.; Cupples, E. J.; The Proceedings of the 10thAnnual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association: Interspeech 2009; September 2009, pp. 2899 - 2902; In English; FROM 10th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association: Interspeech 2009,6-10Sep. 2009, Brighton, UK, UK; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-05-C-0029 Report No.(s): AD-A516541; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Session variability in speaker recognition is a well recognized phenomena, but poorly understood largely due to a dearth of robust longitudinal data. The current study uses a large, long-term speaker database to quantify both speaker variability changes within a conversation and the impact of speaker variability changes over the long term (3 years). Results demonstrate that 1) change in accuracy over the course of a conversation is statistically very robust and 2) that the aging effect over three years is statistically negligible. Finally we demonstrate that voice change during the course of a conversation is, in large part, comparable across sessions. DTIC Variability

20100017112 Iowa Univ. - IIHR, Iowa City, IA, USA Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion-Sensing Radio Transmitters Papanicolaou, T.; Elhakeem, M.; January 2010; 40 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105879; TR-595; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Scour around the foundations (piers and abutments) of a bridge due to river flow is often referred to as ‘bridge scour’. Bridge scour is a problem of national scope that has dramatic impacts on the economy and safety of the traveling public. Bridge scour has resulted in more bridge failures than all other causes in recent history. In this study the investigators proposed the use of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology to collect field data and remotely monitor bridge scour during

57 ﬂoods. RFID is a wireless automated identiﬁcation technology that uttilizes waves at radio frequency (RF) to transfer information between a reader and a transponder (short for transmitter and responder) via an antenna. NTIS Autonomy; Detection; Erosion; Radio Transmitters; Wharves

20100017148 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Design and Demonstration of a Miniature Lidar System for Rover Applications Robinson, Benjamin; [2010]; 5 pp.; In English; Virginia Space Grant Consortium, 19 Apr. 2010, Newport News, VA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 627795.04.13.01.13 Report No.(s): NF1676L-10517; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017148 A basic small and portable lidar system for rover applications has been designed. It uses a 20 Hz Nd:YAG pulsed laser, a 4-inch diameter telescope receiver, a custom-built power distribution unit (PDU), and a custom-built 532 nm photomultiplier tube (PMT) to measure the lidar signal. The receiving optics have been designed, but not constructed yet. LabVIEW and MATLAB programs have also been written to control the system, acquire data, and analyze data. The proposed system design, along with some measurements, is described. Future work to be completed is also discussed. Author Photomultiplier Tubes; Optical Radar; Miniaturization; Neodymium Lasers; Pulsed Lasers; YAG Lasers

20100017157 Iowa Univ. - IIHR, Iowa City, IA, USA Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion-Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Transfer Summary Papanicolaou, T. N.; Elhakeem, M.; January 2010; 2 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105886; TR-595-SUM; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy The main objective of this study is to evaluate the capabilities of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology in collecting field data and remotely monitoring bridge scour. RFID is a wireless automated identification technology that utilizes waves at radio frequency (RF) to transfer information between a reader and a transponder via an antenna. RFID technology has several advantages over other scour monitoring methods because: (1) It requires only that the transponder falls within the detection field of the antenna, even if it is buried in the scour-hole; (2) It can identify the locations of different transponders; (3) It is flexible and cost effective because a reader/antenna system can be used with any number of transponders, which have low acquisition cost; and (4) It can be fully controlled by a host computer and therefore be fully automated. NTIS Autonomy; Detection; Erosion; Radio Transmitters; Wharves

20100017260 State Dept., Washington, DC, USA; Department of Homeland Security, Washington, DC, USA Chair’s Report Trans-Pacific Symposium on Dismantling Transnational Illicit Networks. Honolulu, Hawaii, November 9-12, 2009 February 2010; 42 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107180; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (INL) co-hosted an international symposium on November 9-12, 2009, in Honolulu, Hawaii. In attendance, were participants from approximately 25 economies from Asia, Latin America, and the Pacific Islands, as well as senior representatives from international organizations such as the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization of American States (OAS), the Asia Pacific Group on Money- Laundering, INTERPOL, and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). The USA was represented by senior officials of the following agencies, law enforcement offices, and commands: U.S. Departments of Homeland Security, Justice, The Treasury, State and Defense; ICE; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Customs and Border Protection (CBP); Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF); Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); Organized Crime and Racketeering Section; Computer Crime & Intellectual Property Section (CCIPS); Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC); Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center (HSTC); Bureau of Diplomatic Service; U.S. Pacific Command; Joint Interagency Task Force West (JIATF-West); and the Joint Interagency Task Force South (JIATF-South). The Foreign Affairs, Defense and Trade Division of the Congressional Research Service (CRS), which serves the U.S. Congress throughout the legislative

58 process by providing comprehensive and reliable legislative research, was also present. The symposium initiated an inter-regional dialogue among senior law enforcement, security, and justice sector officials from the U.S. and international community to discuss the existing criminal threats networks and illicit networks facing jurisdictions across the Paciﬁc and ways to leverage joint, combined, and multinational efforts to combat and dismantle threat networks that span Asia and Latin America. Participants focused on east-west and north-south cross-border crimes, and agreed to target illicit routes and nodes across the Paciﬁc to more aggressively dismantle illicit networks. NTIS Conferences; Law (Jurisprudence); Seats

20100017357 Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, USA Social Networking and Constituent Communications: Member Use of Twitter During a Two-Month Period in the 111th Congress, February 3, 2010 Glassman, Matthew E.; Straus, Jacob R.; Shogan, Colleen J.; February 03, 2010; 17 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106638; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy Beginning with the widespread use of e-mail by Congress in the mid-1990s, the development of new electronic technologies has altered the traditional patterns of communication between Members of Congress and constituents. Many Members now use e-mail, official websites, blogs, YouTube channels, and Facebook pages to communicate with their constituentstechnologies that were either non-existent or not widely available 15 years ago. These technologies have arguably served to enhance the ability of Members of Congress to fulfill their representational duties by providing greater opportunities for communication between the Member and individual constituents, supporting the fundamental democratic role of spreading information about public policy and government operations. In addition, electronic technology has reduced the marginal cost of constituent communications; unlike postal letters, Members can reach large numbers of constituents for a relatively small fixed cost. Despite these advantages, electronic communications have raised some concerns. Existing law and chamber regulations on the use of communication media such as the franking privilege have proven difficult to adapt to the new electronic technologies. This report examines Member use of one specific new electronic communication medium: Twitter. After providing an overview and background of Twitter, the report analyzes patterns of Member use of Twitter during August and September 2009. This report is inherently a snapshot in time of a dynamic process. As with any new technology, the number of Members using Twitter and the patterns of use may change rapidly in short periods of time. Thus, the conclusions drawn from this data can not be easily generalized nor can these results be used to predict future behavior. NTIS Human Behavior; Communication Networks; Information; Regulations

20100017397 National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Boulder, CO USA Low Rate Speech Coding and Random Bit Errors: A Subjective Speech Quality Matching Experiment Catellier, Andrew A.; Voran, Stephen D.; October 2009; 36 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105991; NTIA TR-10-462; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy When bit errors are introduced between a speech encoder and a speech decoder, the quality of the received speech is reduced. The speciﬁc relationship between speech quality and bit error rate (BER) can be different for each speech coding and channel coding scheme. This report describes a subjective experiment concerning the relationships between BER and perceived speech quality for the TIA Project 25 Full Rate (FR), Enhanced Full Rate (EFR), and Enhanced Half Rate (EHR) speech codecs. Using the FR codec with 2 % random bit errors as a reference, we sought to characterize the BER values for which the EFR (or EHR) codec produces speech quality that is equivalent to the reference. We used an adaptive paired-comparison subjective testing algorithm to efficiently adapt BER values for the EFR and EHR codecs to quickly locate the BER values where listeners found the speech quality to be the same as the reference. The results from sixteen listeners reveal ranges of BER values that were judged to produce speech quality equivalent to the reference. When these ranges are reduced to central values, those values indicate that on average, the EFR and EHR codecs are more robust to bit errors than the FR codec. We provide a set of additional results from a popular objective speech quality estimator for comparison purposes. NTIS Errors; Voice Data Processing

59 20100017455 Oasis Systems, Inc., Lexington, MA USA; Research Associates for Defense Conversion, Inc., Marcy, NY, USA Cellular Class Encoding Approach to Increasing Efficiency of Nearest Neighbor Searching Huggins, Mark; Lawson, Aaron; Smolenski, Brett; March 26, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; 35th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 14 - 19 Mar. 2010, Dallas, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-C-0029; Proj-3188; 35885G Report No.(s): AD-A517235; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-9; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517235 Nearest neighbor searching (NNS) is a common classiﬁcation method, but its brute force implementation is inefficient for dimensions greater than 10. We present Cellular Class Encoding (CCE) as an alternative, full-search equivalent shown to be 1.1-1.8 times faster than BF on real-world, 14-dimensional data sets. Given a query in an indexed cell of a partitioned space, the CCE’s efficiency is achieved by only performing NNS on those database elements which could not be eliminated a priori as impossible nearest neighbors of vectors residing in that cell. To ensure CCE is a viable alternative for real-world applications, we use VQ Speaker ID as a testbed application and present results. DTIC Coding; Information Retrieval; Speech

20100017456 Texas Univ., Dallas, TX, USA; Research Associates for Defense Conversion, Inc., Marcy, NY, USA Dialect Distance Assessment Based on 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and Kullback Leibler Divergence Mehrabani, Mahnoosh; Boril, Hynek; Hansen, John H; April 8, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; 35th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 14 - 19 Mar. 2010, Dallas, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-05-C-0029; FA8750-09-C-0067; Proj-3188; 35885G Report No.(s): AD-A517234; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-7; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517234 Dialect variations of a language have a severe impact on the performance of speech systems. Knowing how close or separate dialects are in a given language space provides useful information to predict or improve, system performance when there is a mismatch between train and test data. Distance measures have been used in several applications of speech processing, including speech recognition, speech coding, and speech synthesis. Apart from phonetic measures, little if any work has been done on dialect distance measurement. This method of dialect separation assessment based on modeling 2D pitch slope patterns within dialects is proposed. Kullback-Leibler divergence is employed to compare the obtained statistical models. The presented scheme is evaluated on a corpus of Arabic dialects. The sensitivity of the proposed measure to changes on input data is quantiﬁed. It is also shown in a perceptive evaluation that the presented objective approach of dialect distance measurement correlates well with subjective distances. DTIC Distance Measuring Equipment; Divergence; Slopes; Speech; Speech Recognition

20100017500 State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY USA; Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY, USA Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds and Optimal Designs Li, Ming; Batalama, Stella N.; Pados, Dimitris A.; Matyjas, John D.; December 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-1-0063; Proj-ANCL; 62702F Report No.(s): AD-A517403; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-15; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We derive new bounds on the total squared correlation (TSC) of quaternary (quadriphase) signature/sequence sets for all lengths L and set sizes K. Then, for all K, L, we design minimum-TSC optimal sets that meet the new bounds with equality. Direct numerical comparison with the TSC value of the recently obtained optimal binary sets shows under what K, L realizations gains are materialized by moving from the binary to the quaternary code-division multiplexing alphabet. On the other hand, comparison with the Welch TSC value for real/complex-ﬁeld sets shows that, arguably, not much is to be gained

60 by raising the alphabet size above four for any K, L. The sum-capacity (as well as the maximum squared correlation and total asymptotic efficiency) of minimum TSC quaternary sets is also evaluated in closed-form and contrasted against the sum capacity of minimum-TSC optimal binary and real/complex sets. DTIC Code Division Multiple Access; Multiplexing; Signatures

20100017560 State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY USA New Bounds on the Total-Squared-Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets and Optimal Designs Li, Ming; Batalama, Stella N.; Pados, Dimitris A.; Matyjas, John D.; March 2010; 6 pp.; In English; IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2009,, 30 Nov. - 4 Dec. 2009, Honolulu, HI, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-1-0063; Proj-ANCL Report No.(s): AD-A517398; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We derive new bounds on the total squared correlation (TSC) of quaternary (quadriphase) signature/sequence sets for all lengths and set sizes. Then we design minimum-TSC optimal sets that meet the new bounds with equality. Direct numerical comparison with the TSC value of the recently obtained optimal bindary sets shows what gains are materialized by moving from the binary to the quaternary code-division multiplexing alphabet. On the other hand, comparison with the Welch TSC value for real/complex-ﬁeld sets shows that, arguably, not much is to be gained by raising the alphabet size above four. DTIC Code Division Multiple Access; Multiplexing; Signatures

20100017563 State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY USA Cognitive CDMA Channelization Gao, Kanke; Batalama, Stella N.; Pados, Dimitris A.; Matyjas, John D.; Proceedings of the Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, 2009; March 2010; 18 pp.; In English; 43rd Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers,1-4Nov2009, Pacific Grove, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-1-0063; Proj-ANCL; 62702F Report No.(s): AD-A517395; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-13; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) We consider the problem of simultaneous power and code-channel allocation of a secondary transmitter/receiver pair coexisting with a primary code-division-multiplexed (CDM) system. Our objective is to find the optimum transmitting power and code sequence of the secondary user that maximizes the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the output of the maximum SINR linear receiver while, at the same time, the SINR of all primary users at the output of their max-SINR receiver is maintained above a certain threshold. This is an NP-hard non-convex optimization problem. In this paper, we propose a novel feasible suboptimum solution using semidefinite programming. Simulation studies illustrate the theoretical developments. DTIC Code Division Multiple Access; Code Division Multiplexing; Multiplexing; Optimization

20100017567 State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY USA; State Univ. of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dynamic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks Ding, Lei; Melodia, Tommaso; Batalama, Stella; Medley, Michael J.; Proceedings of the 12th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems; March 2010, pp. 13 - 21; In English; 12th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, 26 - 29 Oct. 2009, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-1-0063; Proj-ANCL Report No.(s): AD-A517383; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Throughput maximization is one of the main challenges in cognitive radio ad hoc networks, where local spectrum resources may change from time to time and hop-by-hop. For this reason, a cross-layer opportunistic spectrum access and dynamic routing algorithm for cognitive radio networks is proposed, called ROSA (ROuting and Spectrum Allocation algorithm). Through local control actions, ROSA aims at maximizing the network throughput by performing joint routing,

61 dynamic spectrum allocation, scheduling, and transmit power control. Speciﬁcally, the algorithm dynamically allocates spectrum resources to maximize the capacity of links without generating harmful interference to other users while guaranteeing bounded BER for the receiver. In addition, the algorithm aims at maximizing the weighted sum of differential backlogs to stabilize the system by giving priority to higher-capacity links with high differential backlog. The proposed algorithm is distributed, computationally efficient, and with bounded BER guarantees. ROSA is shown through discrete-event packet-level simulations to outperform baseline solutions leading to a high throughput, low delay, and fair bandwidth allocation. DTIC Communication Networks; Frequency Assignment; Spectra

20100017683 North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC USA Effectiveness of Traveler Information Tools Williams, Billy M.; Hu, Hyejung; Khattak, Asad J.; Rouphail, Nagui M.; Pan, Xiaohong; January 2008; 338 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Project HWY-2006-13 Report No.(s): PB2010-105897; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) sponsored research aimed at enhancing the departments ability to assess the effectiveness of traveler information tools. The NCDOT has and will continue to make investments in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) that fall under the heading of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS). It is critically important for the NCDOT to be able to assess the impacts, especially the network performance benefits, of candidate ATIS investments in order to make well-informed project decisions and set funding priorities. This final report documents the projects findings, conclusions, and recommendations. The recommendations include the implementation of an ATIS evaluation framework with DYNASMART-P as the primary integration tool and the development of a robust ongoing data collection program to support ATIS research and evaluation. NTIS Information Systems; Technology Assessment

20100017688 Rapid Reaction Technology Office, Washington, DC USA Strategic Communication Science and Technology Plan: Current Activities, Capability Gaps and Areas for Further Investment April 2009; 45 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517102; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517102 Warfare is changing. While that statement has been true throughout the course of military history, a compelling argument can be made today that the public perceptions and implications of military operations might increasingly outweigh the tangible benefits actually achieved from real combat on the battlefield. Additionally, the increasingly ubiquitous spread of wireless, cellular, and other networked telecommunications technologies is not only enabling the emergence of new conventional and non-kinetic capabilities, but is also conveying previously unseen advantages to our adversaries, particularly non-state actors. This view is supported by an increasing chorus of senior government leaders, who like Army Gen. Pete Chiarelli, have concluded that the commander who prevails in the information war is almost certain to win the war itself. The entire landscape of what connotes victory or defeat is increasingly managed, manipulated and controlled to influence public audiences and sway popular world opinion. Closely coupled to this change in warfare is the speed at which both information and disinformation can be marshaled in support of this battle to influence audiences that are constituted less by geography and more by shared identities and sympathies fostered by a global and dynamic information environment. Modern communication technologies, from SMS to electronic social media to satellite television, have virtually eliminated time and space. This is not traditional media but now media that is the first to present and interpret events to an audience. It used to be said that news organizations write the first draft of history, but as events are increasingly reported in real time, often without vetting, proper sourcing, editing, or context and replicated into the global now media information environment, those who are first out with the news - particularly citizen journalists - intentionally or inadvertently create the facts. DTIC Military Operations; Research and Development; Technologies

62 20100017723 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track New L2C Signal Meehan, Tom K.; Robison, David; Munson, Tim N.; Young, Larry E.; Stoyanov, Stephen; April 27, 2006; 3 pp.; In English; IEEE Plans Meeting, 25-27 Jul. 2006, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41522 The L2C signal is a great step forward for civil applications of GPS, enabling high-accuracy dual-frequency measurements. Engineers from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and ITT teamed to reprogram FPGA firmware and add tracking software on an orbiting receiver to track the new GPS L2C signal from SAC-C. SAC-C is an Argentinean science satellite and was launched in November 2000 with a BlackJack GPS receiver. This is a dual-frequency digital receiver with 48 tracking channels and four antennas. On SAC-C, it provides precise orbits, atmospheric occultation data, tests of GPS surface reflections, and serves as an orbiting test bed for new GPS development such as the L2C tracking reported here. Author Field-Programmable Gate Arrays; Global Positioning System; Receivers; Directional Antennas

20100017730 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA A Study of Near to Far Fields of JPL Deep Space Network (DSN) Antennas for RFI Analysis Jamnejad, Vahraz; Aerospace Conference, 2004 Proceedings; December 15, 2003; Volume 2, pp. 975-986; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41560; http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2004.1367698 This paper addresses the issue of calculating the gain and power distribution of DSN antennas in the Fresnel (middle zone) and Fraunhofer (far zone) as a function of the distance from the DSN antenna and the off-boresight angle. Calculating the near and mid fields of DSN antennas are of interest in the receive mode where the transmitting signals from nearby flying objects such as helicopters and airplanes transmitting in the DSN frequency range, interfere with the operation of sensitive RF receiving system of the DSN antennas, and in the transmit mode where fields from high-powered DSN antennas interfere with receivers on nearby flying objects such as helicopters or other systems. Computing the exact fields of a large DSN antenna is, in general, a very complicated and arduous task. Even far-field calculations, which are less complicated compared to near and mid zone fields, take considerable computer time. These calculations become even more involved and time-consuming in very near field and back field regions. We provide two approaches for addressing the radio frequency interference (RFI) issue. In this paper, actual fields in mid and far zones are calculated using a relatively simple formulation that is accurate enough for the purposes of RFI analysis. In a future paper, we study and develop simple reference models that provide upper limit bounds or envelopes of the far field patterns as a function of the antenna diameter and frequency, which can be used for obtaining the field at any given point in space. Author Far Fields; Near Fields; Radio Frequency Interference; Frequency Ranges; Large Space Structures

20100017902 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Ultra Safe and Secure Blasting System Hart, Mark M.; July 27, 2009; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-966916; LLNL-TR-415541; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The Ultra is a blasting system that is designed for special applications where the risk and consequences of unauthorized demolition or blasting are so great that the use of an extraordinarily safe and secure blasting system is justiﬁed. Such a blasting system would be connected and logically welded together through digital code-linking as part of the blasting system set-up and initialization process. The Ultras security is so robust that it will defeat the people who designed and built the components in any attempt at unauthorized detonation. Anyone attempting to gain unauthorized control of the system by substituting components or tapping into communications lines will be thwarted in their inability to provide encrypted authentication. Authentication occurs through the use of codes that are generated by the system during initialization code-linking and the codes remain unknown to anyone, including the authorized operator. Once code-linked, a closed system has been created. The system requires all components connected as they were during initialization as well as a unique code entered by the operator for function and blasting. NTIS Fracturing; Computer Information Security; Communication Cables

63 33 ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Includes development, performance, and maintainability of electrical/electronic devices and components; related test equipment; and microelectronics and integrated circuitry. for related information see also 60 Computer Operations and Hardware; and 76 Solid-State Physics. For communications equipment and devices see 32 Communications and Radar.

20100016994 Princeton Univ., NJ USA High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid-Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers Gmachl, Claire; August 2009; 65 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-07-1-7708; Proj-ARPS; 69199F Report No.(s): AD-A516390; AFRL-RY-WP-TR-2010-1023; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Quantum cascade laser (QCL) performance continues to improve towards the requirements of applications such as infrared counter measures. However, key metrics, such as wall-plug efficiency (WPE), are still not fully met. DARPA’s EMIL program continues to support progress in QCLs, and this report summarizes the Princeton team’s work during Phase I of this program. Although the work systematically addressed all major facets of efficiency, the greatest advancements involved injection designs, which improved almost all efficiency components. Strain compensated QCLs with heterogeneous injectors produced low voltage defect. The active core consisted of interdigitated undoped and doped injectors followed by nominally identical optical transitions. The undoped injectors were designed with reduced voltage defect while the doped injector designs were more conventional. The measured average voltage defect was less than 79 meV. At 80 K, a 2.3 mm long, back facet high reflectance coated laser had an emission wavelength of 4.7 micrometers and output 2.3 W pulsed power with 19% peak WPE. Other QCLs emitting at 4.2 micrometers featured a low voltage defect and short injector with only four quantum wells. Devices with a voltage defect of 20 meV and a record voltage efficiency of 91% were demonstrated for pulsed operation at 180 K. Voltage efficiencies of greater than 80% were exhibited at room temperature. WPEs ranging from 21% at cryogenic temperatures to 5.3% at room temperature were achieved. Interface roughness effects were analyzed as in homogeneous broadening, explaining the temperature dependent QCL gain spectra and suggesting improved designs. Specifically, density-matrix theory revealed benefits from stronger coupling between injector and upper laser level that led to low-temperature pulsed QCLs nearing 50% WPE. DTIC Aluminum Gallium Arsenides; Gallium Arsenide Lasers; Gallium Arsenides; Infrared Lasers; Infrared Radiation; Optical Countermeasures; Plugs; Quantum Cascade Lasers; Quantum Well Lasers; Quantum Wells; Walls

20100017007 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar Lander Bannon, Erika T.; Bower, Chad E.; Sheth, Rubik; Stephan, Ryan; [2010]; 20 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 119103.04.05.12 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20188; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017007 In order to control system and component temperatures, many spacecraft thermal control systems use a radiator coupled with a pumped ﬂuid loop to reject waste heat from the vehicle. Since heat loads and radiation environments can vary considerably according to mission phase, the thermal control system must be able to vary the heat rejection. The ability to ‘turn down’ the heat rejected from the thermal control system is critically important when designing the system. Electrochromic technology as a radiator coating is being investigated to vary the amount of heat rejected by a radiator. Coupon level tests were performed to test the feasibility of this technology. Furthermore, thermal math models were developed to better understand the turndown ratios required by full scale radiator architectures to handle the various operation scenarios encountered during a mission proﬁle for the Altair Lunar Lander. This paper summarizes results from coupon level tests as well as the thermal math models developed to investigate how electrochromics can be used to increase turn down ratios for a radiator. Data from the various design concepts of radiators and their architectures are outlined. Recommendations are made on which electrochromic radiator concept should be carried further for future thermal vacuum testing. Author Altair Lunar Lander; Electrochromism; Heat Radiators; Mathematical Models; Full Scale Tests; Temperature Control

64 20100017067 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Estimating Characteristics of a Maneuvering Reentry Vehicle Observed by Multiple Sensors Brooks, Evan M.; Mar. 2010; 123 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516851; AFIT/GA/ENY/10-M02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516851 Post flight analysis of ballistic missile reentry vehicles is an area of focus for the U.S. Government, especially for those involved in ballistic missile defense. Typically, this analysis incorporates either a model-driven least squares filter or a data-following Kalman filter. The research performed here developed a filter that attempts to integrate the strengths of both filters. A least squares filter operates on observation data collected during exoatmospheric free flight and a Kalman filter is used to analyze data collected lower in the atmosphere, where potential maneuvers could be performed. Additionally, the filter was written to incorporate data from multiple sensors. Using this hybrid filter, different scenarios are investigated to determine the potential benefits of adding additional collectors, increasing the data rate of collecting sensors, and investigating the effects of different collector geometry on the accuracy of results. Results show that the filter successfully transitions from the least squares to Kalman filter, using the final values of the free flight propagation for the Kalman filter’s initial state. Using this filter to investigate different collection scenarios, it was determined that the best results are achieved when multiple collectors are used, the data collection rate of the collectors is increased, and collectors are positioned perpendicular to the reentry vehicle heading. DTIC Detectors; Estimating; Kalman Filters; Maneuverable Reentry Bodies

20100017120 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Charge Control Technology in the Xcel Energy Territory Markel, T.; Bennion, K.; Kramer, W.; Bryan, J.; Giedd, J.; August 01, 2009; 22 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-99-GO10337; DE-AC36-08-GO28308 Report No.(s): DE2009-963562; NREL/TP-550-46345; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Results of a joint study by Xcel Energy and NREL to understand the fuel displacement potential, costs, and emissions impacts of market introduction of plug in hybrid electric vehicles. NTIS Energy Conservation; Field Tests; Market Research

20100017122 Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., Princeton, NJ, USA Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical Hall Thrusters Raitses, Y.; Smirnov, A.; Fisch, N. J.; May 14, 2007; 18 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-ACO2-76CHO3073 Report No.(s): DE2009-963553; PPPL-4240; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The cylindrical thruster differs signiﬁcantly in its underlying physical mechanisms from the conventional annular Hall thruster. It features high ionization efficiency, quiet operation, ion acceleration in a large volume-to-surface ratio channel, and performance comparable with the state-of-the-art conventional Hall thrusters. Very signiﬁcant plume narrowing, accompanied by the increase of the energetic ion fraction and improvement of ion focusing, led to 50%60% increase of the thruster anode efficiency. These improvements were achieved by overrunning the discharge current in the magnetized thruster plasma. NTIS Cylindrical Bodies; Hall Thrusters; Ionization; Plasma Physics

20100017240 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Performance and Safety Tests of Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Design Conﬁguration Jeevarajan, Judith; Tracinski, Walt; April 19, 2010; 26 pp.; In English; 2010 Space Power Workshop, 19-22 Apr. 2010, Manhattan Beach, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 377816.06.02.05.03.20.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20443; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017240 Matrix Packs display large variations in cell bank voltages at the charge and discharge current (C/2) used in this test program. The voltage difference is larger at the end of discharge than at the end of charge under the conditions studied.

65 Disconnection of a cell from the pack leads to a larger voltage difference during discharge (greater than 2.0 V) between the bank that has one less cell and the other banks. Thermal profile does not show any significant changes or increase in temperature after one cell was disconnected from the bank in spite of falling to very low voltages at the end of discharge. All tests on the matrix pack with the HAM displayed lower max in general due to the placement of thermocouple on the outside of the HAM rather than on the cells. Disconnection of cells has almost no influence on the performance of the packs and does not show any abnormal thermal changes for the 100 cycles obtained in this test program. Longer cycle life may influence the performance especially if the low voltage cell goes into reversal. Overcharge leads to CID activation of cells. If the matrix configuration has a larger number of cells in series, (more than 5 S configuration), the limitations of protective devices may manifest itself irrespective of it being in a matrix configuration. External short circuit causes a fire with expulsion of content from some cells. The fire does not propagate itself laterally, but if there was cell module stacking, then the fire would cause the cells above it to also go into flames/thermal runaway. Limitations of protective devices are observed in this case as the PTCs in the cells did not protect under this abusive condition. Matrix configurations seem to provide protection against lateral propagation of fire and flame. Matrix pack configuration seems to provide good performance in spite of losing cell connections; at least for the configuration tested under this program. Author Electric Charge; Electrolytic Cells; Metal Ions; Performance Tests; Charge Injection Devices; Electric Potential; Life (Durability)

20100017247 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable Displacement Transducers for High Temperature Irradiations in the Advanced Test Reactor Knudson, D. L.; Rempe, J. L.; Daw, J. E.; September 2009; 67 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-05ID14517 Report No.(s): DE2009-968686; INL/EXT-09-16972; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The USA (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) designated the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) as a National Scientific User Facility (NSUF) in April 2007 to promote nuclear science and technology in the U.S. Given this designation, the ATR is supporting new users from universities, laboratories, and industry as they conduct basic and applied nuclear research and development to advance the nation’s energy security needs. A fundamental component of the ATR NSUF program is to develop in-pile instrumentation capable of providing real-time measurements of key parameters during irradiation experiments. Dimensional change is a key parameter that must be monitored during irradiation of new materials being considered for fuel, cladding, and structures in next generation and existing nuclear reactors. Such materials can experience significant changes during high temperature irradiation. Currently, dimensional changes are determined by repeatedly irradiating a specimen for a defined period of time in the ATR and then removing it from the reactor for evaluation. The time and labor to remove, examine, and return irradiated samples for each measurement makes this approach very expensive. In addition, such techniques provide limited data (i.e., only characterizing the end state when samples are removed from the reactor) and may disturb the phenomena of interest. NTIS Advanced Test Reactors; Displacement; High Temperature; Irradiation; Transducers

20100017265 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked Loops Shuler, Robert L., Jr.; April 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.09.01.05.03.31 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20035; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017265 The phase-locked loop (PLL) is an old and widely used circuit for frequency and phase demodulation, carrier and clock recovery, and frequency synthesis [1]. Its implementations range from discrete components to fully integrated circuits and even to ﬁrmware or software. Often the PLL is a highly critical component of a system, as for example when it is used to derive the on-chip clock, but as of this writing no deﬁnitive single-event upset (SET)/single-event transient (SET) tolerant PLL circuit has been described. This chapter hopes to rectify that situation, at least in regard to PLLs that are used to generate clocks. Older literature on fault-tolerant PLLs deals with detection of a hard failure, which is recovered by replacement, repair, or manual restart of discrete component systems. Several patents exist along these lines (6349391, 6272647, and 7089442). A newer approach is to harden the parts of a PLL system, to one degree or another, such as by using a voltage-based charge pump or a triple modular redundant (TMR) voted voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). A more comprehensive approach is to harden

66 by triplication and voting (TMR) all the digital pieces (primarily the divider) of a frequency synthesis PLL, but this still leaves room for errors in the VCO and the loop filter. Instead of hardening or voting pieces of a system, such as a frequency synthesis system (i.e., clock multiplier), we will show how the entire system can be voted. There are two main ways of doing this, each with advantages and drawbacks. We will show how each has advantages in certain areas, depending on the lock acquisition and tracking characteristics of the PLL. Because of this dependency on PLL characteristics, we will briefly revisit the theory of PLLs. But first we will describe the characteristics of voters and their correct application, as some literature does not follow the voting procedure that guarantees elimination of errors. Additionally, we will find that voting clocks is a bit trickier than voting data where an infallible clock is assumed. It is our job here to produce (or recover) that assumed infallible clock! Derived from text Fault Tolerance; Integrated Circuits; Phase Locked Systems; Voltage Controlled Oscillators; Reliability Engineering; Circuit Reliability

20100017310 Ames Lab., IA USA Magnetic Response of Split Ring Resonators at Terahertz Frequencies Soukoulis, Costas M; Koschny, Thomas; Zhou, Jiangfeng; Kafesaki, Maria; Economou, Eleftherios N; Jan 2007; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): MDA972-01-1-0016; DE-AC02-07CH11358 Report No.(s): AD-A517121; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517121 We investigate numerically the electric and the magnetic response of the split-ring resonators (SRRs) for different electromagnetic (EM) ﬁeld polarization and propagation directions. We have studied the current density J of circular and rectangular SRRs at THz frequencies. At low frequencies, J is conﬁned to the edges of the SRRs, while at high frequencies J is all over the width of the wire. The diamagnetic response of the SRRs is also examined. Finally, the role of losses and the magnetic resonance frequency are studied as the size of the SRRs becomes less than 100 nm. DTIC Resonators; Electromagnetic Fields; High Frequencies

20100017322 California Univ., Santa Barbara, CA USA Phase-Locked Optical Generation of mmW/THz Signals Johansson, Leif; Coldren, Larry; Rodwell, Mark; Nov. 2009; 66 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-08-1-7856; Proj-ARPS Report No.(s): AD-A517049; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517049 In this report, an effort to demonstrate a highly efficient millimeter-wave (mmW) modulated optical source is summarized. This is achieved using an integrated heterodyne optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) built from monolithically integrated photonic and electronic circuits (ICs). The close integration of these ICs enables low feedback latency so that relatively wide linewidth semiconductor lasers can be used. This demonstration is a key step toward realizing compact practical OPLL mmW sources incorporating data modulation. The heterodyne frequency is ultimately limited by photodetector bandwidths, and the data rate is limited by the heterodyne frequency. It will be shown that the overall performance of the heterodyne OPLL is sufficient to demonstrate the feasibility of and a direct path towards multilevel modulation at 100Gbps data rates of a mmW carrier frequency in the 100GHz to 300GHz range. This successful demonstration of the OPLL heterodyne source is a critical demonstration required to allow electronic and photonic components, now developed for advanced future ﬁber optic communications systems, to be directly adopted for high capacity optical feeds to enable 100Gbps wireless links. DTIC Integrated Circuits; Millimeter Waves; Phase Locked Systems

20100017335 Lectromechanical Design Co., Sterling, VA, USA Development of the Electric Wiring Interconnection System Risk Assessment Tool Linzey, W. G.; Traskos, M. G.; Mazzuchi, T. A.; Jan. 2010; 155 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107340; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Federal Aviation Administration developed a Risk Assessment Tool (RAT) for the Electrical Wiring Interconnection System (EWIS). This report documents further developments of that RAT. The developments include the results of a paired comparison workshop in which expert judgment was elicited on the effects of wire environment on wire failure rate. This data

67 was used to develop a multivariate function that when it is scaled using historical failure data from the emergency path lighting system, the function estimates the failure probabilities of wires for most of the environmental and physical conditions found on aircraft. A damage potential analysis was expanded to include a model of damage to structure that depends on the power, energy, and heat dissipation of an electrical arc. An agreement between the developed model and damage data was acceptable. However, potential improvements to the model have been identiﬁed. Methodologies and software tools have been developed to improve the accuracy and efficiency of importing the required aircraft EWIS data into the tools model database. Using these tools, 7783 wires, 1774 bundle sections, and 579 connectors were modeled and imported into the database. Finally, a prototype report was generated to improve consistency between the reports generated by the EWIS RAT and Aircraft Certiﬁcation Office expectations. These improvements have been integrated into the EWIS RAT. NTIS Electric Wire; Risk Assessment; Wiring

20100017483 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to 1 MHz Bradley, Arthur T.; Lee, William M.; Singh, Vivek; Yavoich, Brian; April 12, 2010; 4 pp.; In English; 2010 Asia-Paciﬁc Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 12-16 Apr. 2010, Beijing, China; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.07.42.03 Report No.(s): NF1676L-10049; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017483 This paper presents the results of an experiment examining the percentage of current that returns on adjacent wires or through a surrounding cable shield rather than through a shared conducting chassis. Simulation and measurement data are compared from 1 kHz 1 MHz for seven common cable conﬁgurations. The phenomenon is important to understand, because minimizing the return current path is vital in developing systems with low radiated emissions. Author Injection; Fabrication; Electrical Engineering; Electric Current; Coaxial Cables

20100017484 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Crosstalk Bradley, Arthur T.; Yavoich, Brian James; Hodson, Shame M.; Godley, Richard Franklin; April 12, 2010; 4 pp.; In English; 2010 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 12-16 Apr. 2010, Beijing, China; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.07.42.03 Report No.(s): NF1676L-10050; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017484 In this investigation, we compare crosstalk analysis, simulation, and measurement results for electrically short configurations. Methods include hand calculations, PSPICE simulations, Microstripes transient field solver, and empirical measurement. In total, four representative physical configurations are examined, including a single wire over a ground plane, a twisted pair over a ground plane, generator plus receptor wires inside a cylindrical conduit, and a single receptor wire inside a cylindrical conduit. Part 1 addresses the first two cases, and Part 2 addresses the final two. Agreement between the analysis, simulation, and test data is shown to be very good. Author Crosstalk; Electric Wire; Simulation; Electrical Engineering; Mathematical Models

20100017486 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Crosstalk Bradley, Arthur T.; Yavoich, Brian James; Hodson, Shane M.; Godley, Franklin; April 12, 2010; 4 pp.; In English; 2010 Asia-Paciﬁc Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 12-16 Apr. 2010, Beijing, China; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 432938.11.01.07.42.03 Report No.(s): NF1676L-10051; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017486 In this investigation, we compare crosstalk analysis, simulation, and measurement results for electrically short

68 configurations. Methods include hand calculations, PSPICE simulations, Microstripes transient field solver, and empirical measurement. In total, four representative physical configurations are examined, including a single wire over a ground plane, a twisted pair over a ground plane, generator plus receptor wires inside a cylindrical conduit, and a single receptor wire inside a cylindrical conduit. Part 1 addresses the first two cases, and Part 2 addresses the final two. Agreement between the analysis methods and test data is shown to be very good. Author Crosstalk; Simulation; Electric Wire; Comparison; Electric Generators; Mathematical Models

20100017494 C and P Technologies, Inc., Closter, NJ USA Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Performance (Preprint) Li, Ke Yong; Pillai, Unnikrishna S.; Guerci, Joseph R.; Proceedings of the 41st Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers; October 2007; 6 pp.; In English; 41st Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers,4-7Nov2007, Pacific Grove, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-C-0117; Proj-5017; 62204F Report No.(s): AD-A517461; AFRL-TP-2009-1304; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A wideband signal occupies a finite bandwidth that is significant compared to its carrier frequency. As a result, when transmitted, its returns cause bandwidth dispersion across the antenna. It is shown here that the effect of the finite bandwidth is to introduce a set of uncorrelated return signals for every physical scatter in the field. Further, each such uncorrelated return contains a set of coherent signals with different directional and Doppler components that result from a jittering effect both in angle and Doppler domain. As a result, adaptive clutter cancellation using traditional processing schemes does not work well. Although in principle it is possible to correct these decorrelating effects by 3D spacetime adaptive processing (STAP), the present day methods are quite costly and difficult to implement. In addition to the new wide band signal modeling framework mentioned above, we outline a hierarchical processing scheme which has the potential for dramatically reducing both processing and sample support burdens. DTIC Adaptation; Bandwidth; Broadband; Clutter; Doppler Effect; Scattering; Signal Processing; Space-Time Adaptive Processing

20100017495 C and P Technologies, Inc., Closter, NJ USA Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Performance (Briefing Charts) Li, Ke Yong; Pillai, S. Unnikrishna; Guerci, Joseph R.; Proceedings of the 41st Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers; October 2007; 19 pp.; In English; 41st Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers,4-7Nov. 2007, Pacific Grove, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-C-0117; Proj-5017; 62204F Report No.(s): AD-A517460; AFRL-RY-WP-TP-2009-1303; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A wideband signal occupies a finite bandwidth that is significant compared to its carrier frequency. As a result, when transmitted, its returns cause bandwidth dispersion across the antenna. It is shown here that the effect of the finite bandwidth is to introduce a set of uncorrelated return signals for every physical scatter in the field. Further, each such uncorrelated return contains a set of coherent signals with different directional and Doppler components that result from a jittering effect both in angle and Doppler domain. As a result, adaptive clutter cancellation using traditional processing schemes does not work well. Although in principle it is possible to correct these decorrelating effects by 3D spacetime adaptive processing (STAP), the present day methods are quite costly and difficult to implement. In addition to the new wide band signal modeling framework mentioned above, we outline a hierarchical processing scheme which has the potential for dramatically reducing both processing and sample support burdens. DTIC Adaptation; Bandwidth; Broadband; Charts; Clutter; Doppler Effect; Scattering; Signal Processing; Space-Time Adaptive Processing

69 20100017552 Toledo Univ., OH USA Control system for bearingless motor-generator Kascak, Peter E., Inventor; Jansen, Ralph H., Inventor; Dever, Timothy P., Inventor; February 23, 2010; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC3-916; NCC3-924 Patent Info.: Filed October 30, 2008; US-Patent-7,667,418; US-Patent-Appl-SN-12/261,707; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017552 A control system for an electromagnetic rotary drive for bearingless motor-generators comprises a winding configuration comprising a plurality of individual pole pairs through which phase current flows, each phase current producing both a lateral force and a torque. A motor-generator comprises a stator, a rotor supported for movement relative to the stator, and a control system. The motor-generator comprises a winding configuration supported by the stator. The winding configuration comprises at least three pole pairs through which phase current flows resulting in three three-phase systems. Each phase system has a first rotor reference frame axis current that produces a levitating force with no average torque and a second rotor reference frame axis current that produces torque. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Mechanical Drives; Rotors; Torque; Stators; Control

20100017557 NASA, Washington, DC USA Differential temperature sensor system and method Savchenkov, Anatoliy A., Inventor; Yu, Nan, Inventor; Maleki, Lute, Inventor; Iltchenko, Vladimir S., Inventor; Matsko, Andrey B., Inventor; Strekalov, Dmitry V., Inventor; February 23, 2010; 10 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed September 20, 2007; US-Patent-7,665,891; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/858,318; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017557 A differential temperature sensor system and method of determining a temperature shift of an optical resonator and its surroundings are provided. The differential temperature sensor system includes a light generating device capable of generating a beam having a carrier frequency, a modulator capable of modulating the beam with a sideband frequency, and an optical resonator capable of supporting an ordinary mode and an extraordinary mode. The system includes an ordinary mode-lock setup capable of locking the carrier frequency of the beam to the ordinary mode of the optical resonator and an extraordinary mode-lock setup capable of locking the sideband frequency of the beam to the extraordinary mode of the optical resonator by providing a speciﬁc radio frequency to the modulator substantially corresponding to a frequency shift between the ordinary mode and the extraordinary mode of the optical resonator resulting from a temperature change of the optical resonator. A processor precisely calculates the differential temperature based upon the frequency shift between the ordinary mode and extraordinary mode of the optical resonator. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Temperature Sensors; Optical Resonators; Frequency Shift; Modulators; Carrier Frequencies; Radio Frequencies

20100017561 Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL USA Micromachined Artiﬁcial Haircell Liu, Chang, Inventor; Engel, Jonathan, Inventor; Chen, Nannan, Inventor; Chen, Jack, Inventor; February 16, 2010; 18 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-8781 Patent Info.: Filed June 1, 2007; US-Patent-7,661,319; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/809,523; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017561 A micromachined artiﬁcial sensor comprises a support coupled to and movable with respect to a substrate. A polymer, high-aspect ratio cilia-like structure is disposed on and extends out-of-plane from the support. A strain detector is disposed with respect to the support to detect movement of the support. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Micromachining; Sensors; Strain Measurement; Microelectronics

70 20100017758 General Electric Co., Schenectady, NY, USA 21st Century Locomotive Technology: Quarterly Technical Status Report 26 Lembit, S.; Ramu, C.; August 24, 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC04-2002AL68284 Report No.(s): DE2009-963727; DOE/AL68284-TSR26; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Parasitic losses due to hybrid sodium battery thermal management do not significantly reduce the fuel saving benefits of the hybrid locomotive. Optimal thermal management trajectories were converted into realizable algorithms which were robust and gave excellent performance to limit thermal excusions and maintain fuel savings. NTIS Electric Batteries; Locomotives; Propulsion System Configurations; Propulsion System Performance; Temperature Control

20100017879 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI USA Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imaging Inspection System Project Green, Paul E.; December 2009; 43 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): F016623 Report No.(s): PB2010-107401; UMTRI-2009-38; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The goal of this study was to use temperature measurements derived from infrared cameras to identify trucks with potential brake, tire, or hub defects. Data were collected at inspection sites on six different days and vehicles were subjected to CVSA inspections. Based on the inspections, axle ends were classified into three brake problem categories: yes, no, maybe. Subsequently, the data were analyzed in order to find associations between the temperature measurements and the brake problem classifications. Metrics were developed to identify outliers or large variation in temperatures within or between trucks. Many of the measures focus on differences between axles, left side and right side, and single outlying temperatures. The analysis is restricted to trucks with five axles. Various truck and environment variables were recorded. The maximum brake temperature was most closely associated with the brake problem variable. The coefficient of variation and standard deviation identified ten of the fourteen trucks classified with at least one brake problem correctly. In conjunction with other metrics, additional trucks with brake problems were also identified. Associations between trucks with single outlying temperatures on axle ends and brake problem classifications were not strong. However, it is possible that these outliers could be indicative of brake problems not captured by results produced from inspections. NTIS Cameras; Infrared Radiation; Inspection; Temperature Measurement; Thermal Mapping; Trucks

20100017882 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Transition to J-STD-001DS: A Guide for Implementation. NASA Workmanship Standards Program Plante, J.; Humphrey, R.; September 2009; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017882 No abstract available Standards; Education; Soldering; Wire

34 FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS Includes fluid dynamics and kinematics and all forms of heat transfer; boundary layer flow; hydrodynamics; hydraulics; fluidics; mass transfer and ablation cooling. For related information see also 02 Aerodynamics.

20100017134 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA A Framework for Integrated Component and System Analyses of Instabilities Ahuja, Vineet; Erwin, James; Arunajatesan, Srinivasan; Cattafesta, Lou; Liu, Fei; [2010]; 15 pp.; In English; 2010 JANNAF Conference, 3-7 May 2010, Colorado Springs, CO, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX09CF83P Report No.(s): SSTI-8080-0044; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017134 Instabilities associated with ﬂuid handling and operation in liquid rocket propulsion systems and test facilities usually manifest themselves as structural vibrations or some form of structural damage. While the source of the instability is directly

71 related to the performance of a component such as a turbopump, valve or a flow control element, the associated pressure fluctuations as they propagate through the system have the potential to amplify and resonate with natural modes of the structural elements and components of the system. In this paper, the authors have developed an innovative multi-level approach that involves analysis at the component and systems level. The primary source of the unsteadiness is modeled with a high-fidelity hybrid RANS/LES based CFD methodology that has been previously used to study instabilities in feed systems. This high fidelity approach is used to quantify the instability and understand the physics associated with the instability. System response to the driving instability is determined through a transfer matrix approach wherein the incoming and outgoing pressure and velocity fluctuations are related through a transfer (or transmission) matrix. The coefficients of the transfer matrix for each component (i.e. valve, pipe, orifice etc.) are individually derived from the flow physics associated with the component. A demonstration case representing a test loop/test facility comprised of a network of elements is constructed with the transfer matrix approach and the amplification of modes analyzed as the instability propagates through the test loop. Author Computational Fluid Dynamics; Stability; Structural Vibration; Damage; Feed Systems; Pressure Oscillations; Rocket Engines

20100017152 Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ, USA; Arizona Univ., Tucson, AZ, USA Particle and Blood Cell Dynamics in Oscillatory Flows. Final Report Restrepo, Juan M.; September 2008; 10 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2009-953697; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Our aim has been to uncover fundamental aspects of the suspension and dislodgement of particles in wall-bounded oscillatory flows, in flows characterized by Reynolds numbers encompassing the situation found in rivers and near shores (and perhaps in some industrial processes). Our research tools are computational and our coverage of parameter space fairly broad. Computational means circumvent many complications that make the measurement of the dynamics of particles in a laboratory setting an impractical task, especially on the broad range of parameter space we plan to report upon. The impact of this work on the geophysical problem of sedimentation is boosted considerably by the fact that the proposed calculations can be considered ab-initio, in the sense that little to no modeling is done in generating dynamics of the particles and of the moving fluid: we use a three-dimensional Navier Stokes solver along with straightforward boundry conditions. Hence, to the extent that Navier Stokes is a model for an ideal incompressible isotropic Newtonian fluid, the calculations yield benchmark values for such things as the drag, buoyancy, and lift of particles, in a highly controlled environment. Our approach will be to make measurements of the lift, drag, and buoyancy of particles, by considering progressively more complex physical configurations and physics. NTIS Boundary Conditions; Oscillations; Reynolds Number; Simulation

20100017173 Rhode Island Univ., Kingston, RI, USA Towards a National Marine Pollution Policy. Proceedings from a Workshop on Marine Pollution Policy. Held in Galilee, Rhode Island on June 25-27, 1980 January 1980; 88 pp.; In English; Towards a National Marine Pollution Policy. A Workshop on Marine Pollution Policy., 25 - 27 Jun. 1980, Galilee, Rhode Island, USA Report No.(s): PB2010-104026; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy The general purpose of this workshop was (1) to review and evaluate the effectiveness of approaches we take in deﬁning important marine pollution problems and in organizing research and monitoring activities in response to those problems, and (2) to recommend new strategies and approaches, where needed, in order to improve the usefulness and timeliness of information and to better address marine pollution problems in the 1980s. Workshop discussions were focused around three topic areas: Marine Waste Disposal; Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Development; and Hazardous Material Spill Damage Assessment. State of the art papers were presented on each topic area. NTIS Conferences; Policies; Water Pollution

72 20100017241 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering Development Unit Test Results Sheth, Rubik B.; Stephan, Ryan A.; Leimkuehler, Thomas O.; [2010]; 9 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 119103.04.05.12 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20504; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017241 The Sublimator Driven Coldplate (SDC) is a unique piece of thermal control hardware that has several advantages over a traditional thermal control scheme. The principal advantage is the possible elimination of a pumped ﬂuid loop, potentially increasing reliability and reducing complexity while saving both mass and power. Because the SDC requires a consumable feedwater, it can only be used for short mission durations. Additionally, the SDC is ideal for a vehicle with small transport distances and low heat rejection requirements. An SDC Engineering Development Unit was designed and fabricated. Performance tests were performed in a vacuum chamber to quantify and assess the performance of the SDC. The test data was then used to develop correlated thermal math models. Nonetheless, an Integrated Sublimator Driven Coldplate (ISDC) concept is being developed. The ISDC couples a coolant loop with the previously described SDC hardware. This combination allows the SDC to be used as a traditional coldplate during long mission phases and provides for dissimilar system redundancy Author Temperature Control; Performance Tests; Mathematical Models; Temperature Distribution; Reliability; Coolants

20100017487 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, Bremerton, WA USA Current Meter Study for Agate, Port Orchard, and Rich Passages Johnston, R. K.; Albertson, Skip; August 29, 2005; 29 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517512; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This document presents a study plan to obtain current data for Agate, Port Orchard, and Rich Passages in the central Puget Sound, Washington (Figure 1). The study will be conducted as a cooperative project among the Puget Sound Marine Environmental Monitoring (PSMEM) partnership; the study will be performed by the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard & Intermediate Maintenance Facility (Shipyard), the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center San Diego (SSC-SD), and the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). The study will be conducted during September to December 2005 and will be designed to collect 1 to 3 month long current records for strategic stations within the passages and one station adjacent to the Shipyard in Sinclair Inlet (Figure 2). Data from this study will be used to calibrate and verify coupling between the inlet-scale models being developed for the Inlets and passages utilizing the curvilinear hydrodynamics in 3- dimensions (CH3D) model (Wang and Richter 1999, Wang et al. 2005) and the sound-scale circulation model developed for the larger Puget Sound using the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) (Kawase 2002, Sarason 2004, 2005). DTIC Hydrodynamics; Orchards; Sounds (Topographic Features)

20100017498 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Parallel CFD Supporting NASA’s Space Operations Mission Directorate Gomez, Reynaldo J., III; April 21, 2008; 20 pp.; In English; SGI User Group 2009 Conference, 21-23 Oct. 2009, San Antonio, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 378343.10.01.01.02.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-18999; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017498 This slide presentation reviews the use of parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in support of NASA’s space operations. Particular attention was devoted to the development of the Space Shuttle, and the use of CFD in designing the shuttle and the work after the Columbia accident. The presentation ends with a discussion of the reasons for CFD and the use of parallel computers in the design and testing of spacecraft. CASI Computational Fluid Dynamics; Parallel Computers; Spacecraft Design; Structural Design

73 20100017548 PHDS, Raymond, WA USA P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detectors for Low-Level Counting Hull, Ethan L; Pehl, Richard H; Lathrop, James R; Mann, Peggy L; Mashburn, Ronnie B; Suttle, Bruce E; Miley, Harry S; Aalseth, Craig E; Hossbach, Todd W; Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23-25 Sep 2008, Portsmouth, VA; Sep 2008; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG-02-05ER84157 Report No.(s): AD-A517246; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Germanium detector arrays are needed for low-level counting facilities. The applications in such user facilities include the characterization of low-level radioactive samples. In addition, the same detector arrays can perform important fundamental physics measurements, including the search for rare-events like neutrino-less double-beta decay. Recently, relatively large detectors (approximately 700 g) having relatively small (approximately few mm) p+ contacts are being investigated as a possible detector basis for these detector arrays. A detector having a small, relatively low capacitance, p+ contact has been fabricated as a demonstration. The development and properties of the detector system are discussed. DTIC Counting; Detectors; Electric Contacts; Fabrication; Germanium; Segments

20100017554 United Technologies Corp., East Hartford, CT USA Thermal resistant environmental barrier coating Bhatia, Tania, Inventor; Eaton, Harry, Inventor; Sun, Ellen Y., Inventor; Lawton, Thomas H., Inventor; February 23, 2010; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS3-01138 Patent Info.: Filed August 9, 2004; US-Patent-7,666,512; US-Patent-Appl-SN-10/915,158; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017554 A process for preparing a silicon based substrate with a protective coating having improved thermal resistance at temperature up to at least 1500.degree. C., and the resulting article. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Thermal Control Coatings; Protective Coatings; Thermal Resistance

20100017719 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA A Smart Thermal Block Diagram Tool Tsuyuki, Glenn; Miyake, Robert; Dodge, Kyle; March 11, 2008; 15 pp.; In English; Spacecraft Thermal Control Workshop, 11-13 Mar.. 2008, El Segundo, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41538 The presentation describes a Smart Thermal Block Diagram Tool. It is used by JPL’s Team X in studying missions during the Pre-Phase A. It helps generate cost and mass estimates using proprietary data bases. Author Block Diagrams; Thermal Resources; Cost Estimates

20100017733 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Aquarius Reflector Surface Temperature Monitoring Test and Analysis Abbott, Jamie; Lee, Siu-Chun; Becker, Ray; March 11, 2008; 33 pp.; In English; Spacecraft Thermal Control Workshop, Aerospace Corporation, 11 Mar. 2008, El Segundo, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41528 The presentation addresses how to infer the front side temperatures for the Aquarius L-band reflector based upon backside measurement sites. Slides discussing the mission objectives and design details are at the same level found on typical project outreach websites and in conference papers respectively. The test discussion provides modest detail of an ordinary thermal balance test using mockup hardware. The photographs show an off-Lab vacuum chamber facility with no compromising details. Author Reflectors; Surface Temperature; Ultrahigh Frequencies; Temperature Measurement; Mission Planning

74 20100017897 Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands Iterated Radau Method for Time-Dependent PDE’s Perez-Rodriguez, S.; Gonzalez-Pinto, S.; Sommeijer, B. P.; November 2008; ISSN 1386-3703; 32 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MTM2007-67530-C02-02 Report No.(s): PB2010-107583; MAS-E0805; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This paper is concerned with the time integration of semi-discretized, multi-dimensional PDE’s of advection-diffusion- reaction type. To cope with the stiffness of these ODE’s, an implicit method has been selected, for example, the two-stage, third-order Radau IIA method. The main topic of this paper is the efficient solution of the resulting implicit relations. First a modiﬁed Newton process has been transformed into an iteration process in which the 2 stages are decoupled and, moreover, can exploit the same LU-factorization of the iteration matrix. Next, we apply a socalled Approximate Matrix Factorization (AMF) technique to solve the linear systems in each Newton iteration. This AMF approach is very efficient since it reduces the ‘multi-dimensional’ system to a series of ‘one-dimensional’ systems. The total amount of linear algebra work involved is reduced enormously by this approach. The idea of applying AMF to two-dimensional problems is quite old and goes back to Peaceman and Rachford in the early ﬁfties. The situation in three space dimensions is less favourable and will be analyzed here in more detail, both theoretically and experimentally. Furthermore, we analyze a variant in which the AMF-technique has been used to really solve (’until convergence’) the underlying Radau IIA method so that we can rely on its excellent stability and accuracy characteristics. Finally, the method has been tested on several examples. Also a comparison has been made with the existing codes VODPK and IMEXRKC, and the efficiency (CPU time versus accuracy) is shown to be at least competitive with the efficiency of these solvers. NTIS Partial Differential Equations; Time Dependence

35 INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY Includes remote sensors; measuring instruments and gages; detectors; cameras and photographic supplies; and holography. For aerial photography see 43 Earth Resources and Remote Sensing. For related information see also 06 Avionics and Aircraft Instrumentation; and 19 Spacecraft Instrumentation and Astrionics.

20100017023 Naval Air Systems Command (PMA-234), Patuxent River, MD USA LOCO with a Shipboard Lidar Concannon, Brian M; Prentice, Jennifer E; Jan 2008; 16 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): MIPR-N0001408WX20747 Report No.(s): AD-A517452; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The long term goal of this research is to demonstrate an independent ability to use light detection and ranging (lidar) technology to survey and characterize the optical structure of the marine water column. The Sea Time Resolved Optical Layer Lidar (SeaTROLL) is a 532 nm lidar system designed for shipboard deployment to investigate the phenomenon of plankton formation into discrete thin layers. The phenomenonology of biological thin layers that can be investigated using lidar are the identification of layer regional distribution, frequency of occurrence, horizontal extent, vertical structure, temporal cycles, optical density, and potentially, unique optical characteristics that identify layer composition. Biological thin layers are defined as concentrations of phytoplanktonic and/or zooplanktonic organisms occurring in a vertical thickness of several centimeters to several meters with contiguous horizontal extents on the order of kilometers. A solid body of work has established the existence of thin layers of biological organisms in both fjord and coastal ocean environments. Observations of these structures indicate that they are episodic and that their formation is induced by a combination of stratification and vertical shear (Cowles et al., 1998, Cowles, 2003). The initial studies of the physical, biological, and chemical processes associated with thin layers have shown that they are dynamic structures in the spatial domain, that they can persist for days to weeks, and that their biological and chemical rate processes are substantially more intense than those in the surrounding water column (Hanson and Donaghay, 1998; Dekshenieks et al., 2001). We do not know the extent of their presence throughout the marine environment, how important thin layers are to the overall productivity of the regional coastal ecology, or how they may interact with the oceanic ecosystem. DTIC Optical Radar; Optical Density; Productivity

75 20100017025 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA Obstacle Detection using a TOF Range Camera for Indoor AGV Navigation Hong, T; Bostelman, R; Madhavan, R; Aug 2004; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517430; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The performance evaluation of an obstacle detection and segmentation algorithm for Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) navigation in factory-like environments using a 3D real-time range camera is the subject of this paper. Our approach has been tested successfully on British safety standard recommended object sizes and materials placed on the vehicle path. The segmented (mapped) obstacles are then veriﬁed using absolute measurements obtained using a relatively accurate 2D scanning laser rangeﬁnder. DTIC Cameras; Navigation

20100017081 Army Research Lab., Adelphi, MD USA Image-based Localization in Urban Environments David, Philip; Mar 2010; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516822; ARL-MR-0738; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516822 This report describes an efficient algorithm to accurately determine the position and orientation of a camera in an outdoor urban environment using camera imagery acquired from a single location on the ground. The requirement to operate using imagery from a single location allows a system using our algorithms to generate instant position estimates and ensures that the approach may be applied to both mobile and immobile ground sensors. Localization is accomplished by registering visible ground images to urban terrain models that are easily generated offline from aerial imagery. Provided there are a sufficient number of buildings in view of the sensor, our approach provides accurate position and orientation estimates, with position estimates that are more accurate than those typically produced by a global positioning system (GPS). DTIC Cameras; Cities; Image Analysis; Position (Location)

20100017539 Jefferson Medical Coll., Philadelphia, PA, USA Photoreceptor System for Melatonin Regulation and Phototherapy Brainard, George, Inventor; Glickman, Gena, Inventor; March 16, 2010; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSBRI HPF.002.08; NIH RO1NS36590; NSF IBN9809916; DOD R070HY Patent Info.: Filed May 10, 2001; US-Patent-7,678,140; US-Patent-Appl-SN-09/853,428; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017539 The present invention involves a light system for stimulating or regulating neuroendocrine, circadian, and photoneural systems in mammals based upon the discovery of peak sensitivity ranging from 425-505 nm; a light meter system for quantifying light which stimulates or regulates mammalian circadian, photoneural, and neuroendocrine systems. The present invention also relates to translucent and transparent materials, and lamps or other light sources with or without filters capable of stimulating or regulating neuroendocrine, circadian, and photoneural systems in mammals. Additionally, the present invention involves treatment of mammals with a wide variety of disorders or deficits, including light responsive disorders, eating disorders, menstrual cycle disorders, non-specific alerting and performance deficits, hormone-sensitive cancers, and cardiovascular disorders. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Melatonin; Photoreceptors; Neurophysiology; Light Sources

20100017542 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA The Effect of Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Resolution on Target Discrimination McGowan, John E; Mar 2010; 130 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517268; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-18; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This research details the effect of spatial resolution on target discrimination in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. Multiple SAR image chips containing targets and non-targets are used to test a baseline Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) system with reduced spatial resolution obtained by lowering the pixel count or synthesizing a degraded image. The pixel count is lowered by averaging groups of adjoining pixels to form a new single value. The degraded image is synthesized by low-pass

76 ﬁltering the image frequency space and then lowering the pixel count. A two parameter Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detector is tested, and three different types of feature spaces; size, contrast, and texture; are used to train a linear classiﬁer. The results are scored using the Area Under the Receiver Operator Characteristic (AUROC) curve. The CFAR detector is shown to perform better at lower resolution. All three feature sets together performed well with degradation of resolution; separately the sets had different performances. The texture features performed best because they do not rely on the number of pixels on the target, while the size features performed worst for the same reason. The contrast features yielded improved performance when the resolution was slightly reduced. DTIC Image Resolution; Radar Imagery; Synthetic Aperture Radar; Target Recognition

20100017550 NASA, Washington, DC USA Photogrammetric system and method used in the characterization of a structure Dorrington, Adrian A., Inventor; Jones, Thomas W., Inventor; Danehy, Paul M., Inventor; Watson, Kent A., Inventor; Connell, John W., Inventor; Pappa, Richard S., Inventor; Belvin, W. Keith, Inventor; February 23, 2010; 5 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed September 21, 2006; US-Patent-7,667,847; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/533,921; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017550 A photogrammetric system uses an array of spaced-apart targets coupled to a structure. Each target exhibits ﬂuorescence when exposed to a broad beam of illumination. A photogrammetric imaging system located remotely with respect to the structure detects and processes the ﬂuorescence (but not the illumination wavelength) to measure the shape of a structure. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Photogrammetry; Imaging Techniques; Fluorescence

20100017671 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Characterization and Measurement Accuracy Brady, Steven; March 25, 2010; 236 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516943; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-04; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Radar systems provide an important remote sensing capability, and are crucial to the layered sensing vision; a concept of operation that aims to apply the right number of the right types of sensors, in the right places, at the right times for superior battle space situational awareness. The layered sensing vision poses a range of technical challenges, including radar, that are yet to be addressed. To address the radar-specific design challenges, the research community responded with waveform diversity; a relatively new field of study which aims reduce the cost of remote sensing while improving performance. Early work suggests that the frequency diverse array radar may be able to perform several remote sensing missions simultaneously without sacrificing performance. With few techniques available for modeling and characterizing the frequency diverse array, this research aims to specify, validate and characterize a waveform diverse signal model that can be used to model a variety of traditional and contemporary radar configurations, including frequency diverse array radars. To meet the aim of the research, a generalized radar array signal model is specified. A representative hardware system is built to generate the arbitrary radar signals, then the measured and simulated signals are compared to validate the model. Using the generalized model, expressions for the average transmit signal power, angular resolution, and the ambiguity function are also derived. The range, velocity and direction-of-arrival measurement accuracies for a set of signal configurations are evaluated to determine whether the configuration improves fundamental measurement accuracy. DTIC Accuracy; Characterization; Detectors; Frequencies; Measurement; Radar Equipment; Signal Measurement

20100017878 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Carbon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges Kaul, Anupama B.; Manohara, Harish M.; January 16, 2008; 23 pp.; In English; IEEE MEMS Conference 2008, 13-17 Jan. 2008, Tucson, AZ, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS7-03001; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41527 This slide presentation presents carbon nanotube vacuum pressure sensor gauges that operate at low power and exhibit a wide-dynamic range based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The fabrication facility, and the formation process are shown. Pressure sensitivity was found to increase rapidly as the bias power was increased. In addition,

77 by etching part of the thermal SiO2 beneath the tubes and minimizing heat conduction through the substrate, pressure sensitivity was extended toward lower pressures. Results are compared to a conventional thin ﬁlm meander resistor, which was fabricated and whose pressure response was also measured for comparative purposes. Derived from text Carbon Nanotubes; Dynamic Range; Microelectromechanical Systems; Pressure Sensors; Vacuum Gages; Equipment Speciﬁcations

36 LASERS AND MASERS Includes lasing theory, laser pumping techniques, maser ampliﬁers, laser materials, and the assessment of laser and maser outputs. For cases where the application of the laser or maser is emphasized see also the speciﬁc category where the application is treated. For related information see also 76 Solid-State Physics.

20100017264 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser Qin, Qi; Williams, Benjamin S.; Kumar, Sushil; Reno, John L.; Hu, Qing; Nature Photonics; December 2009; Volume 3, pp. 732-737; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000; NNX07AI99G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NPHOTON.2009.218 Tunable terahertz lasers are desirable in applications in sensing and spectroscopy because many biochemical species have strong spectral ﬁngerprints at terahertz frequencies. Conventionally, the frequency of a laser is tuned in a similar manner to a stringed musical instrument, in which pitch is varied by changing the length of the string (the longitudinal component of the wave vector) and/ or its tension (the refractive index). However, such methods are difficult to implement in terahertz semiconductor lasers because of their poor outcoupling efficiencies. Here, we demonstrate a novel tuning mechanism based on a unique ‘wire laser’ device for which the transverse dimension w is much much less than lambda. Placing a movable object close to the wire laser manipulates a large fraction of the waveguided mode propagating outside the cavity, thereby tuning its resonant frequency. Continuous single-mode redshift and blueshift tuning is demonstrated for the same device by using either a dielectric or metallic movable object. In combination, this enables a frequency tuning of approximately equal to 137 GHz (3.6%) from a single laser device at approximately equal to 3.8 THz. Author Biochemistry; Spectroscopy; Tunable Lasers; Wire; Electrical Engineering

20100017666 Aerospace Testing Alliance, Arnold AFB, TN USA; Arnold Engineering Development Center, USA Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for Temperature Measurements in Hypersonic Flows Nelius, Andy; Wehrmeyer, Joe; January 2010; 47 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-11172 Report No.(s): AD-A516962; AEDC-TR-09-T-5; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516962 Reports development of pulsed electron beam system for nonintrusive temperature measurements of hypersonic ﬂows. DTIC Electron Beams; Hypersonic Flow; Pulsed Lasers; Spectroscopy; Temperature Measurement

37 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Includes mechanical devices and equipment; machine elements and processes. For cases where the application of a device or the host vehicle is emphasized see also the speciﬁc category where the application or vehicle is treated. For robotics see 63 Cybernetics, Artiﬁcial Intelligence, and Robotics; and 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.

20100017389 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Mechanical Model of an Axial Piston Machine Grip, Rasmus L.; January 2009; 136 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106014; TRITA-MMK-2009:16; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A mechanical model of an axial piston-type machine with a so-called wobble plate and Z-shaft mechanism is presented.

78 The overall aim is to design and construct an oil-free piston expander demonstrator as a first step to realizing an advanced and compact small-scale steam engine system. The benefits of a small steam engine are negligible NOx emissions (due to continuous, low-temperature combustion), no gearbox needed, fuel flexibility (e.g., can run on biofuel and solar), high part-load efficiency, and low noise. Piston expanders, compared with turbines or clearance-sealed rotary displacement machines, have higher mechanical losses but lower leakage losses, much better part-load efficiency, and for many applications a more favourable (i.e., lower) speed. A piston expander is thus feasible for directly propelling small systems in the vehicular power range. An axial piston machine with minimized contact pressures and sliding velocities, and with properly selected construction materials for steam/water lubrication, should enable completely oil-free operation. NTIS Mechanical Engineering; Pistons; Symmetry; Internal Combustion Engines; Models

20100017818 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Exhaust Emission Factors for Nonroad Engine Modeling: Spark-Ignition, December 2005, NR-010e December 2005; 50 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107320; EPA/420/R-05/019; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy This report describes and documents exhaust emission factors, crankcase estimates, and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) estimates used for spark ignition (SI) engines in EPAs final NONROAD2005 emission inventory model. It covers engines powered by gasoline, natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. NTIS Exhaust Emission; Internal Combustion Engines; Spark Ignition

38 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND RELIABILITY Includes approaches to, and methods for reliability analysis and control, quality control, inspection, maintainability, and standardization.

20100017717 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Quality Interaction Between Mission Assurance and Project Team Members Kwong-Fu, Helenann H.; Wilson, Robert K.; May 25, 2006; 8 pp.; In English; SPIE Conference, 25 May 2006, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41544 Mission Assurance independent assessments started during the development cycle and continued through post launch operations. In operations, Health and Safety of the Observatory is of utmost importance. Therefore, Mission Assurance must ensure requirements compliance and focus on process improvements required across the operational systems including new/modified products, tools, and procedures. The deployment of the interactive model involves three objectives: Team member Interaction, Good Root Cause Analysis Practices, and Risk Assessment to avoid reoccurrences. In applying this model, we use a metric based measurement process and was found to have the most significant effect, which points to the importance of focuses on a combination of root cause analysis and risk approaches allowing the engineers the ability to prioritize and quantify their corrective actions based on a well-defined set of root cause definitions (i.e. closure criteria for problem reports), success criteria and risk rating definitions. Author Risk Assessment; Quality Control; Procedures

20100017761 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Over Batch Analysis for the LLNL DOE-STD-3013 Packaging System Riley, David C.; Dodson, Karen E.; August 25, 2009; 23 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-966909; LLNL-TR-416461; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This document addresses the concern raised in the Savannah River Site (SRS) Acceptance Criteria (Reference 1, Section 6.a.3) about receiving an item that is over batched by 1.0 kg of ﬁssile materials. This document shows that the occurrence of this is incredible. Some of the Department of Energy Standard 3013 (DOE-STD-3013) requirements are described in Section 2.1. The SRS requirement is discussed in Section 2.2. Section 2.3 describes the way ﬁssile materials are handled in the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) Plutonium Facility (B332). Based on the material handling discussed in Section 2.3, there are only three errors that could result in a shipping container being over batched. These are: incorrect

79 measurement of the item, selecting the wrong item to package, and packaging two items into a single shipping container. The analysis in Section 3 shows that the ﬁrst two events are incredible because of the controls that exist at LLNL. The third event is physically impossible. Therefore, it is incredible for an item to be shipped to SRS that is more than 1.0 kg of ﬁssile materials over batched. NTIS Fissionable Materials; Packaging; Plutonium

39 STRUCTURAL MECHANICS Includes structural element design, analysis and testing; dynamic responses of structures; weight analysis; fatigue and other structural properties; and mechanical and thermal stresses in structures. For applications see 05 Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance; and 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.

20100017093 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fiber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health Monitoring Banks, Curtis E.; Walker, James L.; Russell, Sam; Roth, Don; Mabry, Nehemiah; Wilson, Melissa; March 9, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; SPIE Smart Structure, 9-13 Mar. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Structural Health monitoring (SHM) is a way of detecting and assessing damage to large scale structures. Sensors used in SHM for aerospace structures provide real time data on new and propagating damage. One type of sensor that is typically used is an acoustic emission (AE) sensor that detects the acoustic emissions given off from a material cracking or breaking. The use of ﬁber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors to provide acoustic emission data for damage detection is studied. In this research, FBG sensors are used to detect acoustic emissions of a material during a tensile test. FBG sensors were placed as a strain sensor (oriented parallel to applied force) and as an AE sensor (oriented perpendicular to applied force). A traditional AE transducer was used to collect AE data to compare with the FBG data. Preliminary results show that AE with FBGs can be a viable alternative to traditional AE sensors. Author Acoustic Emission; Aircraft Structures; Bragg Gratings; Tensile Tests; Detection; Damage

20100017153 Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX USA Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nondestructive Testing Procedures for Both Design Evaluation and Construction Inspection Wimsatt, Andrew J.; Scullion, Tom; Fernando, Emmanual; Hurlebaus, Stefan; Lytton, Robert; January 2009; 126 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106515; SHRP-2/S2-RO6-RW; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A07, Hardcopy The first project in the second Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP 2) in the field of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) was completed in 2008. The project evaluated the existing and emerging NDE technologies and their state of implementation to satisfy NDE requirements for highway renewal. For the requirements not yet addressed with fully implemented NDE techniques, a research plan was devised for developing technologies to deal with the most pertinent requirements for bridges, pavements, tunnels, soils, and retaining walls through the life of the facility. The findings of this project related to NDE and its recommendations for subsequent research work in this area are presented in this report. NTIS Construction; High Speed; Highways; Inspection

20100017164 Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ Power Substation Under Earthquake Loads Chen, Genda; Yan, Dongming; Wang, Zuocai; McConnell, Seth J.; Rogers, David; October 2009; 58 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105609; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In this study, the Highway N Substation was analyzed with a ﬁnite element model (FEM) for its vulnerability. The rigid bus and electric switch components were characterized with full scale shake table tests. Each component of the substation was carefully modeled with due considerations of mass density, stiffness and geometries. Based on the FEM, modal analysis was conducted to identify the natural frequencies of the structure along with their corresponding mass participation factors. In response spectrum and time history analyses, the dynamic responses of main components, such as rigid buses and switches, were evaluated. The magnitude and location of the maximum moments were identiﬁed. The shake table tests on three Turner

80 Electrics TMX switches indicated that the ﬁrst three natural frequencies of the switches are approximately 7.41 Hz, 15.2 Hz and 22.9 Hz, respectively. They are signiﬁcantly higher than their corresponding frequencies of the entire substation system. The tested switches consistently fractured at the base of their metal shaft, a critical component of the switch open-and-close mechanism, due to stress concentration and local manufacture defect. NTIS Earthquakes; Highways; Loads (Forces); Structural Analysis; Finite Element Method; Mathematical Models; Earthquake Resistance

20100017165 Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA Web-Based Intelligent Collaborative Bridge Design System. Final Zheng, Man; September 2007; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105608; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The collaborative bridge design system provides a working environment for bridge designers to work spontaneously at different locations, discussing and sharing design options, design drafts and resolve the conﬂict among designers and help make the best design decision. At the same time, they are able to connect to the seismograms server to obtain seismogram data and the peak value of a speciﬁc time unit during a certain period of time. NTIS Bridges (Structures); Design Analysis; Design Optimization

20100017170 Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA Seismic Behavior of Circular Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Under Combined Loading Including Torsion. Final Shanmugam, Suriya P.; December 2009; 338 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105605; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Reinforced concrete (RC) columns of skewed and curved bridges with unequal spans and column heights can be subjected to combined loading including axial, flexure, shear, and torsion loads during earthquakes. The combination of axial loads, shear force, and flexural and torsional moments can result in complex failure modes of RC bridge columns. This study carried out experimental and analytical studies to investigate the seismic performance of circular RC columns under combined loading including torsion. The main variables considered here were (i) the ratio of torsion-to-bending moment (T/M), (ii) the ratio of bending moment-to-shear (M/V) or shear span (H/D), and (iii) the level of detailing for high and moderate seismicity (high or low spiral ratio). In particular, the effects of the spiral reinforcement ratio and shear span on strength and ductility of circular RC columns under combined loading were addressed. In addition, the effects of torsional loading on the bending moment-curvature, ductility, and energy dissipation characteristics were also considered. The analytical investigation examined the development of existing models for flexure and pure torsion. Interaction diagrams between bending, shear and torsional loads were established from a semi-empirical approach. A damage-based design approach for circular RC columns under combined loads was proposed by decoupling damage index models for flexure and torsion. Experimental and analytical results showed that the progression of damage was amplified by an increase in torsional moment. An increase in the transverse spiral reinforcement ratio delayed the progression of damage and changed the torsional-dominated behavior to flexural- dominated behavior under combined flexural and torsional moments. NTIS Composite Materials; Concretes; Torsion

20100017396 Technische Univ., Delft, Netherlands Maintenance and Repair of Natural Stone. Heron: Volume 54, No. 4 Special Issue January 2009; 86 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105997; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy ;Contents: Editorial; Assessment of the State of Conservation of a Middle Neolithic Flint Mine in Maastricht Limestone; Replacement of Natural Stone in Conservation of Historic Buildings; Salt Decay of Morley Limestone; and Laser Cleaning of Black Weathered Obernkirchen Sandstone. NTIS Buildings; Maintenance; Rocks

81 20100017566 Wright State Univ., Dayton, OH USA Design and Analysis of Advanced Materials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Delivery Order 0007: Volume 1 - Structural Health Monitoring Grandhi, Ramana V.; Tobe, Randy; March 2010; 129 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8650-04-D-3446-0007; Proj-A0B7; 0602201 Report No.(s): AD-A517384; AFRL-RB-WP-TR-2010-3028; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Air vehicles ﬂying at hypersonic speeds encounter extreme thermal, aerodynamic and acoustic loads, utilizing thermal protection systems to shield the main structure from these 1oads. One type of failure in a mechanically attached thermal protection system is fastener failure. Determining structural health monitoring on the fastener health of the thermal protection system is needed and can be completed by analyzing changes in the dynamic characteristics of the system due to fastener failure. The damage detection metrics include the existing modal parameters-modal assurance criterion (MAC), partial (PMAC), and coordinate (CMAC)-as well as two new modal parameters-normalized coordinate MAC and normalized coordinate MAC X summation were investigated. Two new modal parameters were formulated to identify mode shape changes in a structure due to global damage to the structure. Two damage states caused a minimal change to the low-frequency structural dynamics and could not be localized with any of the investigated damage metrics. DTIC Acoustics; Design Analysis; Fasteners; Health; Hypersonic Aircraft; Locking; Thermal Environments; Thermal Protection

20100017653 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Composite Stress Rupture NDE Research and Development Project (Kevlar[R] and Carbon) Saulsberry, Regor; [2010]; 6 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19669; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017653 The objective was to develop and demonstrate nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques capable of assessing stress rupture related strength degradation for carbon composite pressure vessels, either in a structural health monitoring (SHM) or periodic inspection mode. Author Nondestructive Tests; Degradation; Pressure Vessels; Composite Materials; Creep Rupture Strength

20100017791 University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges with Double Composite Action Pai, N.; Patel, P.; Sen, R.; Stroh, S.; Golabek, D.; February 2010; 497 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): BD544-18 Report No.(s): PB2010-107346; USF/2010/ST/1; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report presents findings from a cooperative USF/URS/FDOT research study undertaken to develop design rules for double composite steel bridges. In the study, a 48 ft long, 16 ft wide, 4 ft. 10 1/8 in. deep trapezoidal HPS 70W box section designed to AASHTOfs LRFD 2004 specifications was fabricated and tested. The section has an 8 in. thick top slab and a 7 in. thick bottom slab and represented the entire negative moment region of a full-size, continuous bridge. The specimen was tested to evaluate fatigue, service and ultimate provisions of the AASHTO code. Instrumentation was provided to monitor load, strain, slip deflection and crack widths at critical locations. Results showed that after 5.6 million cycles of fatigue loading there was a 17% loss in stiffness but no slip. The service tests showed that 1% reinforcement for the top slab is adequate. The specimen failed due to crushing of the bottom slab caused by buckling of the thin (3/8 in.) bottom flange in the final service test. Finite element analysis was used to simulate the failure and showed that the bottom flange buckles at relatively low loads, but due to composite action with concrete at shear stud locations, it can still effectively carry additional compressive load until the bottom flange yields due to plastic buckling. Subsequently the concrete bottom slab carries all additional load until it crushes. Supplementary provisions are proposed for designing double composite members. These limit the maximum compressive stress in the bottom slab to 0.6f’c and set a requirement for the location of the neutral axis to ensure ductility. Due to the strain limit on the concrete bottom slab, it may not be possible to achieve net section plastic capacity. An illustrative numerical application of these rules is included as a MATHCAD file. NTIS Steels; Bridges; Loads (Forces); Fabrication; Compression Loads

82 20100017862 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; NASA White Sands Test Facility, NM, USA Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet Current and Future Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Interior Inspection Needs Saulsberry, Regor L.; [2010]; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19668; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017862 The objective of this project is to develop laser profilometer technology that can efficiently inspect and map the inside of composite pressure vessels for flaws such as liner buckling, pitting, or other surface imperfections. The project will also provide profilometers that can directly support inspections of flight vessels during development and qualification programs and subsequently be implemented into manufacturing inspections to screen out vessels with ‘out of family’ liner defects. An example interior scan of a carbon overwrapped bottle is shown in comparison to an external view of the same bottle (Fig. 1). The internal scan is primarily of the cylindrical portion, but extends about 0.15 in. into the end cap area. Author Pressure Vessels; Defects; Buckling; Pitting; Profilometers; Inspection; Composite Wrapping

42 GEOSCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to the Earth sciences, and the speciﬁc areas of petrology, mineralogy, and general geology. For other speciﬁc topics in geosciences see categories 42 through 48.

20100017166 Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA Post-Cyclic Behavior of Low Plasticity Silt Under Full and Limited Liquefaction Using Triaxial Compression Testing. Final Wang, Shuying; February 2010; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105607; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The objective of this work is to investigate the post-cyclic behavior of low plasticity silt under the full and limited liquefaction and the effect of PI on the post-liquefaction behavior. After determining the index properties, cyclic triaxial testing will be carried out to study the liquefaction resistance. All of specimens will be normally consolidated before cyclic loading. Once after the silt specimens liquefy, the excess pore water pressure will be dissipated at different levels and then implement the different effective reconsolidation pressure. The post-liquefaction monotonic shear testing will be conducted for the specimens experiencing the different levels of reconsolidation in order to study the effect of different levels of reconsolidation on post-liquefaction shear strength. For the specimens after limited liquefaction, no reconsolidation will be allowed to study the effect of different levels of duration of cyclic loading on the post-cyclic behaviors of the low plasticity silt. NTIS Earthquakes; Liquefaction; Plastic Properties; Sediments

20100017287 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing the Regional Impact History of the SPA Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks Cohen, Barbara A.; Coker, Robert F.; March 1, 2010; 3 pp.; In English; Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0238; M10-0349; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017287 The South Pole Aitken (SPA) basin is the stratigraphically oldest identiﬁable lunar basin and is therefore one of the most important targets for absolute age-dating to help understand whether ancient lunar bombardment history smoothly declined or was punctuated by a cataclysm. A feasible near-term approach to this problem is to robotically collect a sample from near the center of the basin, where vertical and lateral mixing provided by post-basin impacts ensures that such a sample will be composed of small rock fragments from SPA itself, from local impact craters, and from faraway giant basins. The range of ages, intermediate spikes in the age distribution, and the oldest ages are all part of the deﬁnition of the absolute age and impact history recorded within the SPA basin. Derived from text Impact Melts; Rocks; Structural Basins; Lunar Surface; Histories

83 43 EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING Includes remote sensing of earth features, phenomena and resources by aircraft, balloon, rocket, and spacecraft; analysis of remote sensing data and imagery; development of remote sensing products; photogrammetry; and aerial photography. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography.

20100016992 USA House of Representatives, Washington, DC USA A History of the Committee on Science and Technology August 1, 2008; 157 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516404; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The U.S. House of Representatives established the Committee on Science and Technology more than 50 years ago. As one of the newer committees on Capitol Hill, it has a long history of bipartisanship and tackling some of the most important challenges facing the nation. The Committee successfully oversaw the reorganization of the space program and ensured NASA met its goal of landing a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s. During the difficult times of the 1970s, the House gave the Committee new jurisdiction in the energy and emerging environmental fields. With a further expansion of responsibilities in the 1980s and 1990s, the Committee’s legislative and oversight work included a wide assortment of technology issues as well as intellectual property rights, homeland security, and the development of super-computers and the Internet. In the 21st century the Committee had to confront natural and manmade disasters as well as maintain the nation’s technological lead in the sciences and education. The first written history of the Committee covered the period from its inception through 1979. It was an all encompassing review prepared by subcommittee Chairman Ken Hechler of West Virginia. The work reflected firsthand knowledge of the major events, legislation passed, the Members who served on the Committee and the expert staff assembled to help them in their work. Through the use of its extensive table of contents and epilogue, the researcher can review the wide-ranging activities of the Committee and read extensive quotes by the principals. When preparing this updated history of the Committee, it was readily apparent that an entirely different approach had to be developed to recount the significant events of the past 50 years. In writing this edition, the authors felt it important not to overburden the reader with a long narrative. Since this project would be done by individuals outside the Committee, Hechler’s approach could not be repeated. DTIC Disasters; Research and Development; Security; Technologies

20100017176 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future Earth Sciences Missions Cordier, Guy R.; McLemore, Bruce; Wood, Terri; Wilkinson, Chris; [2010]; 9 pp.; In English; Space Operations 2010, 26-30 Apr. 2010, Huntsville, AL, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04DA01C; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017176 This paper presents a ground system architecture to service future NASA decadal missions and in particular, the high rate science data downlinks, by evolving EDOS current infrastructure and upgrading high rate network lines. The paper will also cover EDOS participation to date in formulation and operations concepts for the respective missions to understand the particular mission needs and derived requirements such as data volumes, downlink rates, data encoding, and data latencies. Future decadal requirements such as onboard data recorder management and ﬁle protocols drive the need to emulate these requirements within the ground system. The EDOS open system modular architecture is scalable to accommodate additional missions using the current sites antennas and future sites as well and meet the data security requirements and fulﬁll mission’s objectives Author Earth Sciences; Computer Information Security; Downlinking; Mission Planning; Architecture (Computers); Periodic Variations

20100017281 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halophytes Hendricks, Robert C.; Bushnell, Dennis M.; [2010]; 5 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 561581.02.08.03.16.03 Report No.(s): ISROMAC13-2010-113; E-17204; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017281 World population is anticipated to grow 40% within 40-50 years with unprecedented demands for energy, food,

84 freshwater, and clean environments. At 43% of the total landmass, exploiting the Earth s arid and semi-arid lands becomes a matter of necessity. Compared with glycophyte agriculture, we view seawater and brackish water halophyte saline agriculture in its nascent stage and see the need to explore and farm on a massive scale. Halophyte farming costs should be the same as glycophyte cellulosic biomass farming; processing for cellulosic matter should also be applicable. Halophyte life cycle analyses (LCA) within the fueling debate are incomplete, yet glycophyte LCA favors biomass fueling. The Biomass Revolution is in progress. The capacity, cost, and logistics required for biomass replacement of petroleum-based fuels, however, will require all feedstock sources and regional cooperative productivity, technical investments, and both the participation and cooperation of the American farmer and global farm community Author Atmospheric Chemistry; Soils; Carbon; Fresh Water; Arid Lands; Fuels

20100017323 Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Inc., Huntsville, AL, USA Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida Moreno, Max J.; March 2, 2010; 36 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0394; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017323 This viewgraph presentation reviews the use of remote sensing and in situ measurements to evaluate the water quality in Tampa Bay and Lake Thonotosassa Florida during the time period of 2000-2007. Derived from text In Situ Measurement; Lakes; Remote Sensing; Water Quality; Florida; Bacteria; Epidemiology

20100017374 Department of Energy, USA Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS) Handbook Pilewskie, Peter; Pommier, John; May 2007; 12 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNA06CA92A Report No.(s): DOE/SC-ARM/TR-062; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017374 The Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS), measures the absolute visible and near infrared spectral radiance (units of watts per meter square per nanometer per steradian) of the zenith directly above the instrument. The SWS is a moderate resolution sensor comprised of two Zeiss spectrometers (MMS 1 NIR enhanced and NIR-PGS 2.2) for visible and near-infrared detection in the wavelength range 350 - 2170 nm. The sampling frequency is 1 Hz. The spectral resolution is 8 nm for the MMS 1 NIR and 12 nm for the NIR-PGS 2.2. The light collector is a narrow field of view (l.40) collimator at the front end of a high-grade custom-made fiber optic bundle. The SWS does daily daytime measurements. The SWS is located in a darkroom, constructed by Southern Great Plains (SGP) site personnel within the optical trailer, to permit calibrations to be conducted without the necessity of moving the instrument to a different location. Calibrations are performed at regularly scheduled times using the ARM 12’ integrating sphere. The SWS measurements can be used to: a. Retrieve cloud optical depth, particle size and cloud water path. b. Test the cloud optical depth retrieval for overcast and broken cloud fields. c. Validation/comparison with SGP surface remote sensors and future cloud intensive operational period campaigns. d. Multivariate analysis to derive information content in hyper spectral data sets and to improve cloud retrieval algorithm development. e. Compare with radiative transfer models for testing and validating retrieval procedures. Derived from text Handbooks; Remote Sensors; Spectroradiometers; Short Wave Radiation

20100017406 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpolation Scheme for High Spatial and Temporal Resolution SST Analyses Rigney, Matt; Jedlovec, Gary; LaFontaine, Frank; Shafer, Jaclyn; February 22, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting, 22-25 Feb. 2010, Portland, OR, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0430; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017406 Heat and moisture exchange between ocean surface and atmosphere plays an integral role in short-term, regional NWP. Current SST products lack both spatial and temporal resolution to accurately capture small-scale features that affect heat and

85 moisture ﬂux. NASA satellite is used to produce high spatial and temporal resolution SST analysis using an OI technique. Derived from text Error Analysis; High Resolution; Interpolation; Spatial Resolution; Temporal Resolution; Sea Surface Temperature

20100017716 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Resolution Pagano, Thomas S.; Chahine, Moustafa T.; Aumann, Hartmut H.; OCallaghan, Fred; July 31, 2006; 3 pp.; In English; IEEE International Conference on International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society Symposium (IGARSS), 31 Jul. - 4 Aug. 2006, Denver, CO, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41516 The Advanced Remote-sensing Imaging Emission Spectrometer (ARIES) will measure a wide range of earth quantities fundamental to the study of global climate change. It will build upon the success of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instruments currently ﬂying on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft. Both instruments are facility instruments for NASA providing data to thousands of scientists investigating land, ocean and atmospheric Earth System processes. ARIES will meet all the requirements of AIRS and MODIS in a single compact instrument, while providing the next-generation capability of improved spatial resolution for AIRS and improved spectral resolution for MODIS. Author Remote Sensing; Infrared Instruments; MODIS (Radiometry); Climate Change; Spectral Resolution; Spatial Resolution; Aqua Spacecraft

20100017766 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA; Jacobs Technologies Engineering Science Contract Group, Houston, TX, USA Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Making Observations of Earth Using an Earth System’s Science Approach. Student Guide Graff, Paige Valderrama; Baker, Marshalyn, Editor; Graff, Trevor, Editor; Lindgren, Charlie, Editor; Mailhot, Michele, Editor; McCollum, Tim, Editor; Runco, Susan, Editor; Stefanov, William, Editor; Willis, Kim, Editor; March 18, 2010; 37 pp.; In English; National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) Conference, 18-21 Mar. 2010, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20043; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017766 Scientists from the Image Science and Analysis Laboratory (ISAL) at NASA’s Johnson Space Center (JSC) work with astronauts onboard the International Space Station (ISS) who take images of Earth. Astronaut photographs, sometimes referred to as Crew Earth Observations, are taken using hand-held digital cameras onboard the ISS. These digital images allow scientists to study our Earth from the unique perspective of space. Astronauts have taken images of Earth since the 1960s. There is a database of over 900,000 astronaut photographs available at http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov . Images are requested by ISAL scientists at JSC and astronauts in space personally frame and acquire them from the Destiny Laboratory or other windows in the ISS. By having astronauts take images, they can specifically frame them according to a given request and need. For example, they can choose to use different lenses to vary the amount of area (field of view) an image will cover. Images can be taken at different times of the day which allows different lighting conditions to bring out or highlight certain features. The viewing angle at which an image is acquired can also be varied to show the same area from different perspectives. Pointing the camera straight down gives you a nadir shot. Pointing the camera at an angle to get a view across an area would be considered an oblique shot. Being able to change these variables makes astronaut photographs a unique and useful data set. Astronaut photographs are taken from the ISS from altitudes of 300 - 400 km (~185 to 250 miles). One of the current cameras being used, the Nikon D3X digital camera, can take images using a 50, 100, 250, 400 or 800mm lens. These different lenses allow for a wider or narrower field of view. The higher the focal length (800mm for example) the narrower the field of view (less area will be covered). Higher focal lengths also show greater detail of the area on the surface being imaged. Scientists from the Image Science and Analysis Laboratory (ISAL) at NASA s Johnson Space Center (JSC) work with astronauts onboard the International Space Station (ISS) who take images of Earth. Astronaut photographs, sometimes referred to as Crew Earth Observations, are taken using hand-held digital cameras onboard the ISS. These digital images allow scientists to study our Earth from the unique perspective of space. Astronauts have taken images of Earth since the 1960s. There is a database of over 900,000 astronaut photographs available at http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov . Images are requested by ISAL scientists at JSC and astronauts in space personally frame and acquire them from the Destiny Laboratory or other windows in the ISS.

86 By having astronauts take images, they can specifically frame them according to a given request and need. For example, they can choose to use different lenses to vary the amount of area (field of view) an image will cover. Images can be taken at different times of the day which allows different lighting conditions to bring out or highlight certain features. The viewing angle at which an image is acquired can also be varied to show the same area from different perspectives. Pointing the camera straight down gives you a nadir shot. Pointing the camera at an angle to get a view across an area would be considered an oblique shot. Being able to change these variables makes astronaut photographs a unique and useful data set. Astronaut photographs are taken from the ISS from altitudes of 300 - 400 km (approx.185 to 250 miles). One of the current cameras being used, the Nikon D3X digital camera, can take images using a 50, 100, 250, 400 or 800mm lens. These different lenses allow for a wider or narrower field of view. The higher the focal length (800mm for example) the narrower the field of view (less area will be covered). Higher focal lengths also show greater detail of the area on the surface being imaged. There are four major systems or spheres of Earth. They are: Atmosphere, Biosphere, Hydrosphe, and Litho/Geosphere. Author Earth Sciences; Image Analysis; Spheres; Digital Cameras; Biosphere; Earth Hydrosphere; Lithosphere; Field of View

44 ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION Includes speciﬁc energy conversion systems, e.g., fuel cells; and solar, geothermal, windpower, and waterwave conversion systems; energy storage; and traditional power generators. For technologies related to nuclear energy production see 73 Nuclear Physics. For related information see also 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power; 20 Spacecraft Propulsion and Power; and 28 Propellants and Fuels.

20100017028 Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA Comprehensive Solar Energy Power System for the Turkey Lake Service Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility Study Kibert, C.; Ries, R.; Sherif, S. A.; Hertel, L.; Minchin, E.; January 07, 2010; 210 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): BDK75-977-18 Report No.(s): PB2010-105876; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Florida Turnpike Enterprise (FTE) has the bold vision of maximizing the use of renewable energy in their operations and potentially supplying all the energy needs of their facilities via solar technologies. A University of Florida research team collaborated with FTE and Florida Department of Transportation staff to examine contemporary solar technologies, particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, for their potential to meet the energy needs of the Turkey Lake Service Plaza. The scope of the research included: (1) Evaluation of Solar Electric (PV), Solar Thermal (hot water), and Solar Lighting systems; (2) Assessment of the renewable energy generation potential of the Service Plaza; (3) Designing and planning of photovoltaic systems to determine the energy output; (4) Identification of innovative financing options; (5) Development of a marketing and education concept for the project. The research team concluded that by implementing the Net Zero Energy scenario, the annual electrical energy needs of all the facilities at the Turkey Lake Service Plaza could be met. A Maximum Energy scenario would generate substantial excess electrical energy and possibly additional revenue. The research team concluded that when all available areas for mounting photovoltaic systems were utilized, about 2 12 times the Net Zero Energy scenario energy would be generated. The analysis of the financial feasibility found that if a private developer, defined as a utility or other company engaged in providing solar photovoltaic systems, partnered with FTE to install a solar photovoltaic system, it would be feasible for a system to be installed at no cost to the FTE, provided agreements regarding power purchase and other issues are successfully addressed. If the FTE were to own the photovoltaic systems installed at the Service Plaza, the revenue from the value of the energy generated, up to the actual energy consumed on a monthly basis, would be the major source of revenue to pay for the system. The capital cost of the system would be derived from a bond issue that would be paid back over a predetermined period of time. NTIS Feasibility; Lakes; Solar Energy

20100017090 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA High-g Shock Test Results of Tadiran TLM-1530MP Cells O’Malley, Patrick; June 2009; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report No.(s): DE2010-970232; SAND2009-3616; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In April of 2009, testing was done of a high-g instrumentation device that utilized Tadiran TLM-1530MP cells as a power

87 source. As a result of that testing, it was determined that those cells exhibit failure more often when shocked in the axial direction. No failures over many tests where found when the cells were shocked laterally. Moreover, when shocked laterally, the cells exhibited no observable degradation in performance. We looked at the failed cells via non-destructive x-ray analysis to determine what internal structures failed. NTIS Electric Batteries; Shock Tests

20100017119 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA Observed Minimum Illuminance Threshold for Night Market Vendors in Kenya who use LED Lamps Johnstone, Peter; Jacobson, Arne; Radecsky, Kristen; Mills, Evan; March 21, 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-05CH11231 Report No.(s): DE2009-963656; LBNL-2148E; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Creation of light for work, socializing, and general illumination is a fundamental application of technology around the world. For those who lack access to electricity, an emerging and diverse range of LED based lighting products hold promise for replacing and/or augmenting their current fuel-based lighting sources that are costly and dirty. Along with analysis of environmental factors, economic models for total cost-ofownership of LED lighting products are an important tool for studying the impacts of these products as they emerge in markets of developing countries. One important metric in those models is the minimum illuminance demanded by end-users for a given task before recharging the lamp or replacing batteries. It impacts the lighting service cost per unit time if charging is done with purchased electricity, batteries, or charging services. The concept is illustrated in figure 1: LED lighting products are generally brightest immediately after the battery is charged or replaced and the illuminance degrades as the battery is discharged. When a minimum threshold level of illuminance is reached, the operational time for the battery charge cycle is over. The cost to recharge depends on the method utilized; these include charging at a shop at a fixed price per charge, charging on personal grid connections, using solar chargers, and purchasing dry cell batteries. This Research Note reports on the observed charge-triggering illuminance level threshold for night market vendors who use LED lighting products to provide general and task oriented illumination. All the study participants charged with AC power, either at a fixed-price charge shop or with electricity at their home. NTIS Developing Nations; Illuminance; Kenya; Luminaires; Night

20100017848 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Solar Ready Buildings Planning Guide Lisell, L.; Tetreault, T.; Watson, A.; December 2009; 33 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-08-GO28308 Report No.(s): DE2010-970752; NREL/TP-7A2-46078; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This document identiﬁes the important aspects of building design and construction to enable installation of solar photovoltaic and heating systems at some time after the building is constructed. This document addresses photovoltaic (PV), solar hot water (ST), and solar ventilation preheat (SVP) systems. NTIS Buildings; Solar Collectors; Space Cooling (Buildings); Space Heating (Buildings)

20100017849 SolFocus, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA Reﬂective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Large Scale, Reliable Generation of Solar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June 2009 Horne, S.; McDonald, M.; Hartsoch, N.; Desy, K.; December 2009; 21 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-08-GO28308 Report No.(s): DE2010-970755; NREL/SR-520-47310; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The goal of SolFocus’ 18-month subcontract was to improve reﬂective optics concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) panels: (1) to enable the large-scale, reliable production of solar electricity to meet Solar America Initiative-established levelized cost fo energy targets, and (2) to ultimately provide a path to solar power at parity with or better than the cost of energy generated using fossil fuels. To this end, SolFocus completed this subcontract with great success, as evidenced by the end results of a

88 CPV panel with conversion efficiencies greater than the targeted 22% and manufacturing capabilities with a run-rate capacity far exceeding the milestone benchmark of more than 3 megawatts. NTIS Costs; Fossils; Panels; Solar Collectors; Solar Energy; Supplying

20100017851 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Uncertainty Analysis of Certiﬁed Photovoltaic Measurements at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory Emery, K.; August 01, 2009; 66 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-99-GO10337; DE-AC36-08-GO28308; Task No. PVA93420 Report No.(s): DE2009-964609; NREL/TP-520-45299; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Discusses NREL Photovoltaic Cell and Module Performance Characterization Group’s procedures to achieve lowest practical uncertainty in measuring PV performance with respect to reference conditions. NTIS Photovoltaic Cells; Renewable Energy; Solar Energy

20100017865 Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Reforming Module (CHARM) Leshchiner, Michael; Pollica, Darryl; Cross, J. C.; Sharma, Atul; Shi, Y.; December 31, 2008; 94 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC36-02AL67618 Report No.(s): DE2010-963428; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Over the past 5 years, Nuvera Fuel Cells conducted a development program to advance fuel processing technology for distributed hydrogen generation. This work performed under a collaborative effort with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is called CHARMTM (Cost-effective High-efficiency Advanced Reforming Module). The CHARM program goals focused on the development and demonstration of an advanced fuel processor module for stationary applications and development of next-generation system concepts. The main drivers included addressing the special durability concerns of these frequently- cycled fuel processors while achieving efficient operation and the lowest life cycle cost (LCC) to the customer. An extensive design effort started with a system deﬁnition and modeling effort. Nuvera then worked in an iterative manner with the mechanical design, materials selection, and catalyst selection to build and test a complete fuel processor. Several generations of fuel processors were used in the CHARM program and the latest design is the core enabling technology of Nuvera’s PowerTap hydrogen generation system. While the primary focus of the PowerTap system (rated 57 kg H2/day) is in material handling applications, Nuvera analysis indicate that it can support small automotive ﬂeets of up to 76 fuel cell vehicles. The fuel processor was tested for many performance metrics including efficiency and durability, both independently and in collaboration with Argonne National Laboratory who audited the results. NTIS Cost Effectiveness; Fuel Cells; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Fuels

45 ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION Includes atmospheric, water, soil, noise, and thermal pollution.

20100017038 National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Comparison of Two Direct-Reading Instruments to a Laboratory-Based Method Myers, Deborah V. L.; Dowell, Chad H.; Gressel, Michael G.; Flanders, W. Dana; June 2009; 37 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105874; EPHB-331-05B; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy Formaldehyde is used in the production of many household and building products and its health hazards are well recognized. Airborne formaldehyde concentrations can be measured using several different techniques, including laboratory- based methods and direct-reading instruments. For this study, two commercially available direct-reading instruments, an RKI Instruments Model FP-30 and a PPM Technology Formaldemeter(TradeName) htV, were compared with NIOSH Method 2016 in different test environments to determine if these direct-reading instruments can accurately measure formaldehyde. The RKI Instruments Model FP-30 instrument uses photoelectric photometry technology to measure formaldehyde, while the PPM Technology Formaldemeter(TradeName) htV instrument uses electrochemical sensing technology. NIOSH Method 2016 is an

89 integrated sampling method that collects formaldehyde on silica gel coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; the derivitized product (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone) is analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Forty-seven 1-hour integrated air samples were collected and analyzed for formaldehyde using NIOSH Method 2016. Measurements were made simultaneously with both direct-reading instruments and with the NIOSH Method. The methods yielded the following mean concentrations for the 47 samples: NIOSH Method 2016, 0.37 ppm; RKI Instruments Model FP-30, 0.29 ppm; and PPM Technology Formaldemeter(TradeName) htV, 0.340 ppm. Pearson correlation showed that the NIOSH Method and the PPM Technology Formaldemeter(TradeName) htV (R(sup 2) = 0.902) were more associated than the NIOSH Method and the RKI Instruments Model FP-30 (R(sup 2) = 0.780). Comparison of 1-hour integrated samples from the three methods showed that on average the RKI Instruments Model FP-30 instrument (p<0.001) differed signiﬁcantly from the NIOSH Method 2016, whereas the PPM Technology Formaldemeter(TradeName) htV (p=0.15) was not signiﬁcantly different from the NIOSH. NTIS Formaldehyde; Health; Reading; Safety; Toxicity

20100017043 National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, USA Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA-2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, January 2010. Evaluation of Potential Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide Processing Plant Durgam, Srinivas; January 2010; 44 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105866; HETA-2007-0331-2100; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy NIOSH received an HHE request from a representative of the International Union of Operating Engineers Local 369 at Erachem Comilog, Inc., in New Johnsonville, Tennessee. The requestors were concerned about exposure to cobalt and nickel in the filter mud, manganese dust in the production areas, and sulfuric acid mist in the cell rooms. The health effects reported were cancer, lung problems, skin and eye irritation, nausea, and exhaustion. We conducted site visits in October 2007, February 2008, and August 2008. On October 24-25, 2007, we toured the facility to observe work processes, work practices, and PPE use. Confidential medical interviews were conducted with 11 employees, and 4 PBZ air samples were collected for sulfuric acid. We reviewed previous air sampling records, injury and illness records, and the respiratory protection and hearing conservation programs. During the February 20-22, 2008, site visit, we collected 16 full-shift PBZ air samples for sulfuric acid and 13 full-shift PBZ air samples for dust to evaluate employee exposure to metals such as manganese, cobalt, and nickel. We also conducted task-based air sampling by collecting four PBZ air samples for metals on employees performing job tasks associated with dropping and drumming the filter mud and spray washing the filters. During the August 25-28, 2008, site visit we collected 50 full-shift PBZ air samples, 2 full-shift GA air samples, and 3 task-based air samples for dust-containing metals over the morning and night shifts. We found that 2 PBZ air samples for manganese exceeded the NIOSH REL of 1 mg/m3, and 16 exceeded the ACGIH TLV of 0.2 mg/m3. NTIS Dioxides; Exposure; Hazards; Health; Manganese Compounds; Manganese Oxides; Safety

20100017057 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA General Searches for New Particles. Atlas Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 Pardini, A. F.; Weier, D. R.; Crawford, S. L.; Munley, J. T.; January 2010; 92 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-970349; PNNL-19010; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS) under contract from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is responsible for assessing the condition of the double-shell tanks (DST) on the Hanford nuclear site. WRPS has contracted with AREVA Federal Services LLC (AFS) to perform ultrasonic testing (UT) inspections of the 28 DSTs to assess the condition of the tanks, judge the effects of past corrosion control practices, and satisfy a regulatory requirement to periodically assess the integrity of the tanks. Since measurement inception in 1997, nine waste tanks have been examined twice through Fiscal Year (FY) 2009 providing UT data that can now be compared over specific areas. During initial reviews of these two comparable data sets, average UT wall-thickness measurement reductions were noted in most of the tanks. It is unknown whether such differences could be a result of actual wall thinning occurring on the waste-tanks walls or rather due to some unexplained anomaly resulting from measurement error due to causes such as the then-current measurement procedures, operator setup, or equipment differences. WRPS contracted with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) to assist in understanding why this variation exists and where it stems from. NTIS Ultrasonic Tests; Storage Tanks; Inspection; Procedures

90 20100017083 National Renewable Energy Lab., Golden, CO USA Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience and Policy Design Considerations Sumner, J.; Bird, L.; Smith, H.; December 2009; 38 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC36-08-GO28308 Report No.(s): DE2010-970341; NREL/TP-6A2-47312; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge State and local governments in the USA are evaluating a wide range of policies to reduce carbon emissions, including, in some instances, carbon taxes, which have existed internationally for nearly 20 years. This report reviews existing carbon tax policies both internationally and in the USA. It also analyzes carbon policy design and effectiveness. Design considerations include which sectors to tax, where to set the tax rate, how to use tax revenues, what the impact will be on consumers, and how to ensure emissions reduction goals are achieved. Emission reductions that are due to carbon taxes can be difficult to measure, though some jurisdictions have quantiﬁed reductions in overall emissions and other jurisdictions have examined impacts that are due to programs funded by carbon tax revenues. NTIS Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Environment Management; Policies

20100017106 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA Emissions Inventory Report Summary for Los Alamos National Laboratory for Calendar Year 2008 October 2009; 152 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2009-967074; LA-14406-SR; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is subject to annual emissions reporting requirements for regulated air pollutants under Title 20 of the New Mexico Administrative Code, Chapter 2, Part 73 (20.2.73 NMAC), Notice of Intent and Emissions Inventory Requirements. The applicability of the requirements is based on the Laboratorys potential to emit 100 tons per year of suspended particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, or volatile organic compounds. Additionally, on April 30, 2004, LANL was issued a Title V Operating Permit from the New Mexico Environment Department/Air Quality Bureau, under 20.2.70 NMAC. This permit was modiﬁed and reissued on July 16, 2007. This Title V Operating Permit (Permit No. P-100M2) includes emission limits and operating limits for all regulated sources of air pollution at LANL. The Title V Operating Permit also requires semiannual emissions reporting for all sources included in the permit. This report summarizes both the annual emissions inventory reporting and the semiannual emissions reporting for LANL for calendar year 2008. LANLs 2008 emissions are well below the emission limits in the Title V Operating Permit. NTIS Air Pollution; Inventories; Air Quality; Carbon Monoxide; Environmental Quality

20100017110 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC, USA Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards for MY 2005-2007 Light Trucks. Final Economic Assessment April 2003; 199 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107146; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A09, Hardcopy This assessment examines the costs and benefits of the final rule establishing corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for light trucks for model years (MY) 2005- 2007. It includes a discussion of the technologies that can improve fuel economy, the potential impact of the final rule on light truck retail prices and lifetime discounted fuel savings, and the gallons of fuel that could be potentially saved. Based on data provided by the manufacturers, analyses prepared by the National Academy of Sciences, and the agency’s own analyses, the agency has examined General Motors, Ford, and DaimlerChrysler individually, and projected for each light truck manufacturer the manufacturers’ capabilities and how they could meet the final rule. The agency assumes and expects there will be no reduction in performance and no reduction in weight compared to the manufacturer’s plans. NTIS Air Pollution; Economics; Organizations; Pollution Control; Trucks

20100017155 Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Assessment of the ‘VISTAS’ Version of the CALPUFF Modeling System August 2008; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105905; EPA/454/R-08/007; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report summarizes the process undertaken, and documents the results of EPAs assessment of the VISTAS version of the CALPUFF modeling system, which lead to EPAs approval of CALPUFF (v5.8), CALMET (v5.8) and CALPOST

91 (v5.6394) as the EPA-approved version, announced on June 29, 2007. As part of this assessment, EPA performed several tests to compare modeled impacts based on the then-current VISTAS versions of CALMET (v5.726) and CALPUFF (v5.756) to impacts based on the previous EPA-approved versions of CALMET (v5.53a) and CALPUFF (v5.711a), for the purpose of assessing whether to update the EPAapproved version of the modeling system. NTIS Computer Programs; Computerized Simulation

20100017156 Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Air Quality Modeling Technical Support Documents: Changes to the Renewable Fuel Standard Program January 2010; 231 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105889; EPA/454/R-10-001; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This document describes the air quality modeling performed by EPA in support of the ﬁnal revisions to the National Renewable Fuel Standard rule (commonly known as RFS2). A national scale air quality modeling analysis was performed to estimate the effect of the rule on future year: annual and 24-hour PM(sub 2.5) concentrations, daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentrations, annual nitrogen and sulfur deposition levels, and select annual and seasonal air toxic concentrations (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, ethanol, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, acrolein). To model the air quality beneﬁts of this rule we used the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. CMAQ simulates the numerous physical and chemical processes involved in the formation, transport, and destruction of ozone, particulate matter and air toxics. In addition to the CMAQ model, the modeling platform includes the emissions, meteorology, and initial and boundary condition data which are inputs to this model. NTIS Air Quality; Environment Models; Ethyl Alcohol; Fuels

20100017239 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air Quality of the International Space Station Macatangay, Ariel V.; Bruce, Rebekah J.; [2010]; 17 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS9-02078 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20365; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017239 An understanding of the various sources of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) is one facet to ensuring the habitability of crewed spacecraft. Even though the International Space Station (ISS) atmosphere is relatively well characterized in terms of what is in the atmosphere and approximately how much, linking the majority of these trace contaminants detected to their source is virtually impossible. Albeit a few of can be associated to a single source, the majority of these trace contaminants have their origins from multiple sources. On crewed spacecraft such as ISS, trace contaminants are broadly categorized as either coming from equipment, which includes systems and payloads, or from the metabolic processes of the crew members. Such widely encompassing categories clearly illustrate the difficulty in linking air contaminants to their source(s). It is well known that microbial growth in ISS can ﬂourish if left unchecked. Although processes are in place to limit microbial growth, in reality, microbial growth has pervaded the habitable environment of ISS. This is simply a consequence of having crewed spacecraft, as humans are the largest contributor to the bioload. As with crew members, microbes also have metabolic processes which, in many ways, are comparable to human metabolism. As such, it can be expected that microbial growth can lead to the release of volatile organic compounds into the ISS atmosphere. Given a large enough microbial population, the impact to the air quality of ISS can be potentially large. A survey of the microbiology found in ISS will be presented as well as the possible types of volatile organic compounds that can result from such organisms. This will be correlated to the observations provided by ground-based analysis of ISS atmosphere samples Author Volatile Organic Compounds; Air Quality; Habitability; International Space Station; Microorganisms; Flight Crews; Trace Contaminants

92 20100017316 Wisconsin Electric Power Co., WI, USA; ADA Environmental Solutions, LLC, Littleton, CO, USA TOXECON(Trade Name) Retroﬁt for Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final Report: Project Performance and Economics Derenne, S.; Stewart, R.; Dec. 2009; 1820 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC26-04NT41766 Report No.(s): DE2010-970601; DOE-41766R23; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This document provides a summary of the performance and economics of the demonstration project TOXECON Retroﬁt for Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers that was completed on September 30, 2009. This U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Clean Coal Power Initiative (CCPI) project was based on a cooperative agreement between We Energies and the DOE Office of Fossil Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) to design, install, evaluate, and demonstrate the EPRI-patented TOXECON air pollution control process. Project partners included Cummins & Barnard, ADA Environmental Solutions (ADA-ES), and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The primary goal of this project was to reduce mercury emissions from three 90-MW units that burn Powder River Basin (PRB) coal at the We Energies Presque Isle Power Plant in Marquette, Michigan. NTIS Air Pollution; Boilers; Coal; Combustion; Contaminants; Economics; Particulates; Pollution Control

20100017329 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Geographic Allocation of Nonroad Engine Population Data to the State and County Level, December 2005, NR-014d Dec. 2005; 29 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107762; EPA/420/R-05/021; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The purpose of this report is to discuss the methodology and data that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) uses in the NONROAD2005 model to allocate equipment populations from the national to the state and county level. NTIS Inventories; Populations

20100017332 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Nonroad Engine Population Estimates, December 2005, NR-006d Dec. 2005; 46 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107763; EPA/420/R-05/022; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The purpose of this memorandum is to document the source of the nonroad engine population values used in EPA=s ﬁnal NONROAD2005 emission inventory model. Engine populations are provided as default values in EPA=s NONROAD emission inventory model categorized by equipment type, power level, and fuel type. This categorization allows the NONROAD model to determine the phase-in of new emission standards and other unique aspects of emissions or allocations by application, fuel type, or power level. NTIS Estimates; Inventories; Populations

20100017343 Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC, USA Energy Market and Economic Impacts of a Proposal to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Intensity with a Cap and Trade System January 2007; 90 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107164; SR/OIAF/2007-01; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report responds to a request from Senators Bingaman, Landrieu, Murkowski, Specter, Salazar, and Lugar for an analysis of a proposal that would regulate emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) through a national allowance cap-and-trade system. Under this proposal, suppliers of fossil fuel and other covered sources of GHGs would be required to submit government-issued allowances based on the emissions of their respective products. The gases covered in this analysis of the proposal include energy-related carbon dioxide, methane from coal mining, nitrous oxide from nitric acid and adipic acid production, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride. The program would establish annual emissions caps based on targeted reductions in greenhouse gas intensity, defined as emissions per dollar of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The targeted reduction in GHG intensity would be 2.6 percent annually between 2012 and 2021, then increase to 3.0 percent per year beginning in 2022. To limit its potential cost, the program includes a safety-valve provision that allows regulated entities to pay a pre-established emissions fee in lieu of submitting an allowance. The safety-valve price is initially

93 set at $7 (in nominal dollars) per metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2e) in 2012 and increases each year by 5 percent over the projected rate of inﬂation, as measured by the projected increase in the implicit GDP price deﬂator. In 2004 dollars, the safety valve rises from $5.89 in 2012 to $14.18 in 2030. NTIS Economic Impact; Greenhouse Effect

20100017344 Energy Information Administration, Washington, DC, USA Analysis of S. 1844, the Clear Skies Act of 2003; S. 843, the Clean Air Planning Act of 2003; and S. 366, the Clean Power Act of 2003 May 2004; 101 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107162; SR/OIAF/2004-05; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) ;Contents: Executive Summary; Background; Analysis of the Three Bills; Background and Summary of the Bills Analysis of the Proposed Bills (Analysis Cases, Generation and Fuel Use, Generating Capacity and Pollution Control Equipment Additions, Electricity Prices, Consumer Electricity, Natural Gas Expenditures, and Industry Resource Costs, Emissions and Allowance Prices, Economic and Employment Impacts); Data and Analysis Uncertainties; Appendix A: Letter from Senator James M. Inhofe; Appendix B: Comparison Tables for Reference, Clear Skies, and Jeffords Cases; Appendix C: Comparison Tables for Reference, Carper International, and Carper Domestic Cases. NTIS Air Pollution; Air Quality; Electric Generators; Pollution Control

20100017345 Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, USA; Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA, USA; Research Triangle Inst., Research Triangle Park, NC USA; Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Temple, TX, USA Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions: Comparative Role for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Forestry McCarl, Bruce A.; Schneider, Uwe; Murray, Brian; Williams, Jimmy; Sands, Ronald D.; May 2001; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106795; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy Society today stands at an important crossroads in terms of decision making. Increasingly, concerns are being expressed about the potential implications of the buildup in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Alterations in agricultural and forestry (AF) land use and/or management provide a prospective way of mitigating net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A number of AF practices are known to stimulate the absorption of atmospheric carbon or reduce GHG emissions at relatively modest cost with generally positive economic and environmental effects. Thus, an investigation of the comparative role for AF mitigation based practices in terms of economic implications appears in order. NTIS Agriculture; Economic Impact; Economics; Forest Management; Forests; Greenhouse Effect; Soils

20100017363 Mine Safety and Health Administration, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Anemometer Calibration Procedures. Mine Safety and Health Handbook Series December 2009; 21 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106790; MSHA/HB/PH09-II-1; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) While calibration curves for various anemometers are indicative of the calibration curve for the type and manufacturer of the instrument, the individual curves vary due to slight differences in composition and wear of the inner components of each instrument. As a result, in order to obtain the most accurate velocity determinations possible, each anemometer must be calibrated. The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) has established an anemometer calibration program which utilizes an open jet wind tunnel and various primary reference instruments calibrated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Current policy dictates that workbench standard anemometers and ﬁeld anemometers must be calibrated on at least an annual basis. To ensure that calibration throughout MSHA is uniform and can be traced back to the NIST standard reference instruments, a standard calibration procedure must be followed by all responsible personnel. NTIS Anemometers; Calibrating; Handbooks; Health; Safety; Ventilation

94 20100017364 Clough, Harbour and Associates, Albany, NY, USA Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Combustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Final Report. PaciﬁCorp, Naughton Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyoming December 09, 2009; 152 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106785; CHA-NO-20085-2020-1510; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Ser- vice (NTIS) CHA was contracted by Lockheed Martin (a contractor to the United State Environmental Protection Agency) to perform site assessments of selected coal combustion surface impoundments (Project No. 0-381 Coal Combustion Surface Ipoundments/Dam Safety Inspections). As part of this contract, CHA was assigned to perform a site assessment of PaciﬁCorp’s Naughton Power Station, which is located in Kemmerer (Lincoln County), Wyoming as shown on Figure 1--Project Location Map. CHA made a site visit on September 9 and 10, 2009 to inventory coal combustion surface impoundments at the facility, to perform visual observations of the containment dikes, and to collect relevant information regarding the site assessment. NTIS Coal; Combustion; Dams; Electric Generators; Electric Power Plants; Safety; Waste Management

20100017365 Dewberry and Davis, Fairfax, VA, USA Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Dam Assessment Report: Martins Creek Steam Electric Station PPL Generation, Bangor, Pennsylvania. Final Report December 09, 2009; 109 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): EP-C-04-032-REAC Report No.(s): PB2010-106782; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is embarking on an initiative to investigate the potential for catastrophic failure of Coal Combustion Surface Impoundments (i.e., management unit) from occurring at electric utilities in an effort to protect lives and property from the consequences of a dam failure or the improper release of impounded slurry. The EPA initiative is intended to identify conditions that may adversely affect the structural stability and functionality of a management unit and its appurtenant structures (if present); to note the extent of deterioration (if present), status of maintenance and/or a need for immediate repair; to evaluate conformity with current design and construction practices; and to determine the hazard potential classiﬁcation for units not currently classiﬁed by the management unit owner or by a state or federal agency. NTIS Coal; Combustion; Dams; Electric Generators; Safety; Steam

20100017367 Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Washington, DC, USA Hexavalent Chromium January 2009; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106769; OSHA-3373-10-2009; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic form of the element chromium. Hexavalent chromium is rarely found in nature and is generally man-made. Cr(VI) is widely used in pigments, metal ﬁnishing (electroplating), wood preservatives and fungicides, and in chemical synthesis as an ingredient and catalyst. Table 1 on the next page lists some selected Cr(VI) compounds with their synonyms and common uses. Hexavalent chromium may also be present in fumes generated during the production or welding of chrome alloys. Chromium metal is often alloyed with other metals or plated on metal and plastic substrates to improve corrosion resistance and provide protective coatings. The steel industry is a major consumer of chromium metal in the production of stainless steel. This booklet is intended to provide information about the Hexavalent Chromium standards for general industry (29 CFR 1910.1026), shipyards (29 CFR 1915.1026), and construction (29 CFR 1926.1126). NTIS Chromium; Health; Safety; Toxicity

20100017370 Dewberry and Davis, Fairfax, VA, USA Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam Complex, American Electric Power, St. Albans, West Virginia. Final Report December 09, 2009; 45 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): EP-C-04-032:REAC Report No.(s): PB2010-106762; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is embarking on an initiative to investigate the potential for

95 catastrophic failure of Coal Combustion Surface Impoundments (i.e., management unit) from occurring at electric utilities in an effort to protect lives and property from the consequences of a dam failure or the improper release of impounded slurry. The EPA initiative is intended to identify conditions that may adversely affect the structural stability and functionality of a management unit and its appurtenant structures (if present); to note the extent of deterioration (if present), status of maintenance and/or a need for immediate repair; to evaluate conformity with current design and construction practices; and to determine the hazard potential classification for units not currently classified by the management unit owner or by a state or federal agency. The initiative will address management units that are classified as having a Less-than-Low, Low, Significant or High Hazard Potential ranking. NTIS Coal; Combustion; Dams; Electric Generators; Electric Power Plants; Fly Ash; Safety; Waste Management

20100017691 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC USA Summary of the Updated Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) for the Reconsideration of the 2008 Ozone National Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) March 2008; 89 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106509; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This supplement to the RIA contains an updated illustrative analysis of the potential costs and human health and welfare benefits of nationally attaining a new primary ozone standard. The basis for this updated economic analysis is the RIA published in March 2008 with a few significant changes. These changes reflect the more stringent range of options being proposed by the Administrator. It also reflects some significant methodological improvements to air pollution benefits estimation, which EPA has adopted since the ozone standard was last promulgated. NTIS Air Pollution; Air Quality; Ambience; Economic Analysis; Health; Ozone

20100017694 Battelle Columbus Labs., OH USA Environmental Technology Verification Program Advanced Monitoring Systems Center: Generic Verification Protocol for Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors at a Full-Scale Incinerator September 2003; 46 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106842; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy This protocol provides generic procedures for implementing a verification test and test/quality assurance (QA) plan for continuous emission monitors (CEMs) used to measure gaseous concentrations of mercury from the thermal treatment of waste. Verification tests are conducted under the auspices of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys (EPA) Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) program. The purpose of ETV is to provide objective and quality-assured performance data on environmental technologies, so that users, developers, regulators, and consultants have an independent and credible assessment of what they are buying and permitting. NTIS Air Pollution; Incinerators; Monitors; Pollution Monitoring; Protocol (Computers); Proving; Quality Control

20100017695 Battelle, Columbus, OH, USA Environmental Technology Verification Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botulinum Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) James, Ryan; Dindal, Amy; Willenberg, Zachary; Riggs, Karen; September 2004; 40 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106843; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) supports the Environmental Technology Verification (ETV) Program to facilitate the deployment of innovative environmental technologies through performance verification and dissemination of information. The goal of the ETV Program is to further environmental protection by accelerating the acceptance and use of improved and cost-effective technologies. ETV seeks to achieve this goal by providing highquality, peer-reviewed data on technology performance to those involved in the design, distribution, financing, permitting, purchase, and use of environmental technologies. ETV works in partnership with recognized testing organizations; with stakeholder groups consisting of buyers, vendor organizations, and permitters; and with the full participation of individual technology developers. The program evaluates the performance of innovative technologies by developing test plans that are responsive to the needs of stakeholders, conducting field or laboratory tests (as appropriate), collecting and analyzing data, and preparing peerreviewed reports. All evaluations are conducted in accordance with rigorous quality assurance (QA) protocols to ensure

96 that data of known and adequate quality are generated and that the results are defensible. NTIS Air Pollution; Assaying; Clostridium Botulinum; Enzymes; Infectious Diseases; Monitors; Pollution Monitoring; Toxins and Antitoxins

20100017696 Eastern Research Group, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA Summary Report for the Workshop on Integrating Climate Change Adaptation into Air Quality Decision Making March 2008; 49 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): EP-C-07-015 Report No.(s): PB2010-106848; EPA/600/R-08/042; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy EPA invited approximately 65 individuals from various scientiﬁc disciplines and affiliations to attend the ORD Adaptation Workshop. The workshop participants included EPA personnel, academics, consultants, and numerous individuals with air quality planning responsibilities at local, state, tribal, regional, or national levels. Appendix A lists the workshop participants and provides their contact information. This report documents the discussions at the workshop, which was intended to achieve two primary goals: (1) to determine, through dialog with the air quality planning and research communities, ORD stakeholders highest priority needs with respect to decision support for climate change adaptation; and (2) to identify which ORD research initiatives and products (e.g., analyses, decision support tools) will be most useful in addressing the stakeholders needs. NTIS Air Pollution; Air Quality; Climate Change; Decision Making; Pollution Control

20100017699 Lovelace Respiratory Research Inst., Albuquerque, NM, USA; Morgan State Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA; California State Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA USA; State Univ. of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Program Review. Report of the Subcommittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Henderson, Rogene; Stewart, Juarine; Croes, Bart; Demerjian, Kenneth; Lamb, Brian; Lipsett, Michael; Ping, Peipei; Rodes, Charles; Seigneur, Christian; August 11, 2005; 58 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107086; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) has recommended independent expert review for evaluating federal research programs. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD) is committed to independent expert review of its environmental research programs for objective evaluation of research at the program level to establish best practices in federal research program design, management, and evaluation and to assist the Agency in preparing performance and accountability reports to Congress under the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) of 1993. The Board of Scientiﬁc Counselors (BOSC) Executive Committee agreed in September 2004, to undertake four program reviews: Human Health Research Program, Drinking Water Research Program, Ecological Research Program, and Particulate Matter and Ozone (PM & O3) Research Program. NTIS Ozone; Particulates

20100017760 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Methods and Models of the Hanford Internal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA-860 Carbaugh, E. H.; Bihl, D. E.; Maclellan, J. A.; Antonio, C. L.; Hill, R. L.; September 30, 2009; 440 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2009-965589; PNNL-15614-REV-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The Hanford Internal Dosimetry Program (HIDP) provides internal dosimetry support services for operations at the Hanford Site. The HIDP is staffed and managed by the Radiation and Health Technology group, within the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Operations supported by the HIDP include research and development, the decontamination and decommissioning of facilities formerly used to produce and purify plutonium, and waste management activities. Radioelements of particular interest are plutonium, uranium, americium, tritium, and the fission and activation product radionuclides 137Cs, 90Sr, and 60Co. This manual describes the technical basis for the design of the routine bioassay monitoring program and for assessment of internal dose. The purposes of the manual are as follows: Provide assurance that the HIDP derives from a sound technical base. Promote the consistency and continuity of routine program activities. Provide

97 a historical record. Serve as a technical reference for radiation protection personnel. Aid in identifying and planning for future needs. NTIS Dosimeters; Radiation Protection

20100017771 Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy Scientiﬁc Cooperation Between Italy (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Health Concern Harari, R.; Marsili, D.; Comba, P.; March 2009; ISSN 1123-3117; 166 pp.; In Italian; In Spanish Report No.(s): PB2010-105984; ISTISAN-C-09/43; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report is aimed at discussing the health impact caused by asbestos exposure in the workplace as well as in the general environment. The report relies on a working hypothesis aimed at promoting contrast measures based on scientiﬁc evidence and international cooperation. In particular, the goal is to emphasize the importance of transfer of knowledge from those countries that have used asbestos for decades, before banning it, towards other countries in which this material is still allowed so far, and its use sometimes promoted. The expectation is that the issues at stake, the environmental health and socio-economic implications related to asbestos pointed out here, and the practical operative actions proposed may support the decisions of all stakeholders in order to reduce the burden of the asbestos-related diseases in Ecuador. NTIS Asbestos; Ecuador; Exposure; Italy; Prevention; Public Health

20100017778 National Nuclear Security Administration, Las Vegas, NV, USA Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit 139: Waste Disposal Sites, Nevada Test Site, Nevada July 2009; 160 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2010-965517; DOE/NV-1327; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 139 is identiﬁed in the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (FFACO) as ‘Waste Disposal Sites’ and consists of the following seven Corrective Action Sites (CASs), located in Areas 3, 4, 6, and 9 of the Nevada Test Site: CAS 03-35-01, Burn Pit; CAS 04-08-02, Waste Disposal Site; CAS 04-99-01, Contaminated Surface Debris; CAS 06-19-02, Waste Disposal Site/Burn Pit; CAS 06-19-03, Waste Disposal Trenches; CAS 09-23-01, Area 9 Gravel Gertie; CAS 09-34-01, Underground Detection Station. Closure activities were conducted from December 2008 to April 2009 according to the FFACO (1996, as amended February 2008) and the Corrective Action Plan for CAU 139 (U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, 2007b). The corrective action alternatives included No Further Action, Clean Closure, and Closure in Place with Administrative Controls. Closure activities are summarized in Table 1. NTIS Closures; Radioactive Wastes; Waste Disposal

20100017784 Savannah River National Lab., Aiken, SC, USA Destructive Examination of Shipping Package 9975-02028 Daugherty, W. L.; Stefek, T. M.; December 2009; 36 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC09-08SR22470 Report No.(s): DE2010-969997; SRNL-STI-2009-00763; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Destructive and non-destructive examinations have been performed on specified components of shipping package 9975-02028. For those attributes that were also measured during the field surveillance, no significant changes were observed. Four conditions were identified that do not meet inspection criteria. These conditions are subject to additional investigation and disposition by the Surveillance Program Authority. The conditions include: (1) The lead shield was covered with a white corrosion layer; (2) The lead shield height exceeds drawing requirements; (3) Mold was observed on the lower fiberboard subassembly; and (4) Fiberboard thermal conductivity in the axial direction exceeded the specified range. The Surveillance Program Authority was notified of these conditions and will document the disposition by surveillance report. All other observations and test results met identified criteria, or were collected for information and trending purposes. The Savannah River Site (SRS) stores packages containing plutonium (Pu) materials in the K-Area Complex (KAC). The Pu materials are packaged per the DOE 3013 Standard and stored within Model 9975 shipping packages in KAC. The KAC facility DSA (Document Safety Analysis) credits the Model 9975 package to perform several safety functions, including criticality

98 prevention, impact resistance, containment, and fire resistance to ensure the plutonium materials remain in a safe configuration during normal and accident conditions. The Model 9975 package is expected to perform its safety function for at least 12 years from initial packaging. The DSA recognizes the degradation potential for the materials of package construction over time in the KAC storage environment and requires an assessment of materials performance to validate the assumptions of the analysis and ultimately predict service life. As part of the comprehensive Model 9975 package surveillance program, destructive examination of package 9975-02028 was performed following field surveillance in accordance with Reference. Field surveillance of the Model 9975 package in KAC included nondestructive examination of the drum, fiberboard, lead shield and containment vessels. NTIS Destruction; Destructive Tests; Grasslands; Packaging; Rivers

20100017809 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Conversion Factors for Hydrocarbon Emission Components, December 2005, NR-002c December 2005; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107317; EPA/420/R-05/015; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy The purpose of this memorandum is to document the conversion factors for reporting hydrocarbon emissions in different forms. The general forms are total hydrocarbons (THC), total organic gas (TOG), nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), nonmethane organic gas (NMOG), and volatile organic compounds (VOC), all deﬁned in the introduction below. For reporting hydrocarbon emissions from nonroad equipment, it is helpful to provide an accepted means to estimate the hydrocarbons in the different forms. This is not a substitute for full speciation of hydrocarbon emissions. NTIS Air Pollution; Exhaust Emission; Hydrocarbons; Volatile Organic Compounds

20100017811 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Seasonal and Monthly Activity Allocation Fractions for Nonroad Engine Emissions Modeling, December 2005, NR-004c December 2005; 22 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107318; EPA/420/R-05/017; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The USA Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed a national nonroad air emissions inventory model called NONROAD. The model uses estimates of annual activity for each equipment type, e.g., generally expressed in terms of hours of operations or gallons of fuel used per year, to calculate yearly emission inventories. It will also calculate inventories on a seasonal (i.e., summer, fall, winter, spring), monthly, or daily (i.e., weekday or weekend day) basis by allocating annual activity to these smaller time periods. This report documents the seasonal and monthly activity allocation fractions used by the model. Daily activity allocation fractions are addressed in a separate technical report. The only substantive change from draft NONROAD2004 is the seasonal allocation of construction equipment, described in the Methodology/Results section below. Seasonal inputs have also been added for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, simply by assigning them to the Southeast region and using those existing values. The EPA currently considers these seasonal fractions to be final inputs for the draft NONROAD2005 model. The remainder of this report is organized into two parts. The first part contains a basic description of the overall approach and sources of information that are used to develop the requisite temporal allocation fractions. The second part explains how this information is used and describes the final default values for each state. NTIS Air Pollution; Combustion Products; Exhaust Emission; Exhaust Gases; Pollution Control

20100017814 Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Calculation of Age Distributions in the Nonroad Model: Growth and Scrappage, December 2005, NR-007c December 2005; 16 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107319; EPA/420/R-05/018; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The NONROAD2005 version of the US EPA nonroad engine emission inventory model (’NONROAD’) calculates nonroad equipment populations by age (i.e., an age distribution) for given equipment types and scenario years. This calculation is necessary for the model to account for factors which affect nonroad emissions over time as the in-use ﬂeet ages and turns over to newer equipment, including emissions deterioration, new emissions standards, technology changes, and changes in equipment population resulting from sales growth trends. The NONROAD model calculates equipment age distributions for the base year (as given in the equipment population input ﬁle) based on estimated engine populations for that year combined

99 with the scrappage function and growth inputs. The model calculates age distributions for future years by stepping through each year between the base and future years; for each year, the model projects equipment populations, scrappage for each model year of equipment still in service, and equipment sales needed to attain the projected population. NTIS Inventories; Populations; Deterioration

20100017820 National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, USA Workplace Solutions: Reducing Exposure to Lead and Noise at Indoor Firing Ranges January 2010; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107334; DHHS/PUB/NIOSH-2010-113; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy Workers and users of indoor firing ranges may be exposed to hazardous levels of lead and noise. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends steps for workers and employers to reduce exposures. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, more than 1 million Federal, State, and local law enforcement officers work in the USA (DOJ 2004). They are required to train regularly in the use of firearms. Indoor firing ranges are often used because of their controlled conditions. In addition to workers, more than 20 million active target shooters practice at indoor firing ranges. Law enforcement officers may be exposed to high levels of lead and noise at indoor firing ranges. NIOSH estimates that 16,000 to 18,000 firing ranges operate in the USA. Several studies of firing ranges have shown that exposure to lead and noise can cause health problems associated with lead exposure and hearing loss, particularly among employees and instructors. Lead exposure occurs mainly through inhalation of lead fumes or ingestion (e.g., eating or drinking with contaminated hands). NTIS Exposure; Test Firing; Noise Reduction; Targets

20100017866 Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH, USA Regulation of Methane Genes and Genome Expression. (July 1987-March 2009.) Reeve, John N.; March 2009; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-87ER13731 Report No.(s): DE2010-963730; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge At the start of this project, it was known that methanogens were Archaeabacteria (now Archaea) and were therefore predicted to have gene expression and regulatory systems different from Bacteria, but few of the molecular biology details were established. The goals were then to establish the structures and organizations of genes in methanogens, and to develop the genetic technologies needed to investigate and dissect methanogen gene expression and regulation in vivo. By cloning and sequencing, we established the gene and operon structures of all of the ‘methane’ genes that encode the enzymes that catalyze methane biosynthesis from carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This work identiﬁed unique sequences in the methane gene that we designated mcrA, that encodes the largest subunit of methyl-coenzyme M reductase, that could be used to identify methanogen DNA and establish methanogen phylogenetic relationships. NTIS Bacteria; Bioconversion; Genes; Genome; Methane

20100017885 National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, USA Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA-2008-0231-3105, West Virginia University Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating Rooms Chen, Lilia; Brueck, Scott E.; March 2010; 20 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107384; HETA-2008-0231-3105; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) On July 11, 2008, NIOSH received a management request from West Virginia University Hospital to assess employee exposures to noise in the ORs, especially during procedures where loud surgical instruments were used. On April 22-23, 2009, NIOSH investigators evaluated employee exposures to noise in the ORs during surgeries. Nine employees (surgical technicians, registered nurses, and a surgeon) contributed 12 full-shift noise dosimetry measurements over 2 days. None of the measurements exceeded the OSHA or NIOSH noise exposure limits. Certain intermittent activities that usually lasted less than 30 seconds at a time generated sound levels measured at over 90 dBA. Noise-generating activities include drilling, surgery preparation, and clean up. The employer and employees identiﬁed surgeries where loud instruments were used, and sound level measurements were taken during those procedures. Results from the spectral analysis indicated that noise levels in the OR were higher than levels recommended by ANSI and ASA and may cause speech interference for employees.

100 Reducing noise exposures in an OR can be challenging because some sounds are required during surgery (e.g., vital sign monitors, alarms, and employee communication) whereas other sounds, especially from drilling and sawing instruments, could be reduced. Using quieter powered surgical instruments would be the most effective way to reduce noise exposures in ORs and to minimize speech interference and risk of NIHL. NTIS Ambience; Exposure; Hazards; Health; Hospitals; Noise (Sound); Rooms

20100017891 National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, USA Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA-2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Company, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Exposures during Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manufacturing Plant Durgam, Srinivas; de Perio, Marie A.; March 2010; 24 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107383; HETA-2007-0344-3104; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy NIOSH received a conﬁdential request from employees for an HHE at the Prospect facility of Cessna Aircraft Company (Cessna) in Wichita, Kansas. The requestors were concerned about adverse health effects from exposure to paint and sealants, CO, and dust generated during grinding of composite and metal parts in D039 and D133. Health effects noted in the request were headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and abdominal pain. We evaluated the facility on January 23-24, 2008, to learn more about the manufacturing process. We observed work practices; evaluated employee exposure to total dust, respirable dust, and CO; and interviewed employees in D039 and D133 about their health. We also interviewed Cessna’s Health Services manager. We reviewed the OSHA Form 300 Log of Work-related Injuries and Illnesses from the years 2005-2007 and company air sampling reports. NTIS Aircraft Structures; Cessna Aircraft; Composite Materials; Composite Structures; Exposure; Hazards; Health; Manufacturing

46 GEOPHYSICS Includes Earth structure and dynamics, aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; ionospheric and magnetospheric physics; and geomagnetism. For related information see 47 Meteorology and Climatology; and 93 Space Radiation.

20100016996 Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and Yield Stead, Richard J.; Hartse, Hans E.; Randall, George E.; Phillips, W. Scott; The Proceedings of the 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-06NA25396 Report No.(s): AD-A516200; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Traditional seismic yield estimation is performed using body wave magnitude (mb) measured from compressional wave amplitudes recorded across the globe. Stability is obtained by averaging many measurements. These waves traverse the earth’s mantle, and are affected by mantle properties, particularly under the source region, as other variations are averaged out. To monitor individual test sites during the testing era, test site corrections were obtained by various means, most notably the Joint Verification Experiment, and applied to obtain yield. To extend yield estimation to broad areas, we must apply an upper mantle correction on the fly. We have investigated two methods to map upper mantle bias over broad areas. The first estimates the bias at individual stations by inverting for corrections that best fit the collection of amplitudes measured at all stations. These measurements were taken from global monitoring agencies, including the International Data Centre (IDC) and National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) bulletins, examined separately. We augment bulletin amplitudes by replicating monitoring agency measurement techniques for non-reporting or temporary stations in regions of particular interest, such as the Korean Peninsula, including State University of New York (SUNY) Binghamton’s northeast China and Lamont’s Sinpo deployments. The second method compares mb to magnitude derived from regional Lg coda, which is not affected by mantle properties, producing a map of the upper mantle effects across broad areas where earthquakes occur. The station-based technique retains near-site effects that the event-based technique does not, thus, resolving any differences between the two techniques is of great importance. DTIC Bias; Seismic Waves; Seismology

101 20100017042 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Aiding GPS With Additional Satellite Navigation Services Mutlu, Yasin A; Mar 2010; 98 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517266; AFIT/GSS/ENG/10-01; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In modern warfare navigation services are very important. GPS is currently providing service for accurate navigation, except in some areas, especially urban areas, where GPS signals cannot always be tracked by users. In these cases some additional navigation support could be provided by other global navigation satellite systems. If GPS is combined with other navigation systems than the navigation gap will be minor. In this thesis, the effect of combining GPS with other satellite navigation systems, speciﬁcally GLONASS, Galileo and Compass, is evaluated in terms of availability and position dilution of precision (PDOP) values. First, satellite constellations are simulated in Satellite Tool Kit (STK) to generate ephemeris data. A street scenario is then established for simulating different elevation mask angles to represent urban and mountainous areas. The performance of the combined system is also evaluated as a function of the uncertainty in the time offset between systems. DTIC Global Positioning System; Navigation; Navigation Satellites

20100017196 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009 Bleamaster, Leslie F., III, Editor; Tanaka, Kenneth L.; Kelley, Michael S.; June 2009; 78 pp.; In English; Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, 24-26 Jun. 2009, San Antonio, TX, USA; See also 20100017197 - 20100017221; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): NASA/CP-2010-216680; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017196 Topics covered include: Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla-Themis (BAT) Region of Venus:A Progress Report; Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Planitia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for Tectonic and Volcanic History of the North Polar Region of Venus; Preliminary Geological Map of the Fortuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Venus; Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V-57) Quadrangle, Venus; Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus; Geologic Mapping of V-19; Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Quadrangle; Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic History and Stratigraphy of Schr dinger Basin; Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and Nili Fossae, Mars; Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, Mars; Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Region of Mars; Geology of a Portion of the Martian Highlands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 and -25007; Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outﬂow System; Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Planum, Mars; Geologic Mapping of Athabaca Valles; Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Vallis Region, Mars Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Tooting; Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Mapping along the Coprates Rise; Geology of Libya Montes and the Interbasin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Work Plan; Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Second Year Results and Third Year Plan; Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Half Way Done; New Geologic Map of the Scandia Region of Mars; Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fossae Formation on Mars and the Northern Lowland Plains of Venus; Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Geologic Mapping; and Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - 2009. Author Abstracts; Geological Surveys; Lunar Maps; Mars Craters; Planetary Geology; Planetary Mapping; Radioactive Isotopes; Structural Basins; Stratigraphy; Tectonics; Volcanoes

20100017197 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Quadrangle Gregg, T. K. P.; Yingst, R. A.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 13-14; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017197 Since the ﬁrst lunar mapping program ended in the 1970s, new topographical, multispectral, elemental and albedo imaging datasets have become available (e.g., Clementine, Lunar Prospector, Galileo). Lunar science has also advanced within the intervening time period. A new systematic lunar geologic mapping effort endeavors to build on the success of earlier mapping programs by fully integrating the many disparate datasets using GIS software and bringing to bear the most current understanding of lunar geologic history. As part of this program, we report on a 1:2,500,000-scale preliminary map of a subset

102 of Lunar Quadrangle 10 (‘LQ-10’ or the ‘Marius Quadrangle,’ see Figures 1 and 2), and discuss the ﬁrst-order science results. By generating a geologic map of this region, we can constrain the stratigraphic and geologic relationships between features, revealing information about the Moon s chemical and thermal evolution. Author Geological Surveys; Lunar Maps; Structural Properties (Geology); Paleontology; Lunar Surface; Galileo Spacecraft; Clementine Spacecraft; Stratigraphy

20100017198 Buffalo Univ., NY, USA; NASA, Washington, DC, USA Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Planum, Mars Crown, David A.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 27-28; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017198 Hesperia Planum, characterized by a high concentration of mare-type wrinkle ridges and ridge rings [1-4], encompasses > 2 million sq km in the southern highlands of Mars (Fig. 1). The most common interpretation is that the plains were emplaced as ‘flood’ lavas with total thicknesses of <3 km [4-10]. The wrinkle ridges on its surface make Hesperia Planum the type locale for ‘Hesperian-aged ridged plains’ on Mars [e.g., 9], and recent investigations reveal that wrinkle-ridge formation occurred in more than one episode [4]. Hesperia Planum?s stratigraphic position and crater-retention age [e.g., 9, 11-12] define the base of the Hesperian System. However, results of geologic mapping reveal that the whole of Hesperia Planum is unlikely to be composed of the same materials, emplaced at the same geologic time. To unravel these complexities, we are generating a 1:1.5M-scale geologic map of Hesperia Planum and its surroundings (Fig. 1). We have identified 4 distinct plains units within Hesperia Planum and are attempting to determine the nature and relative ages of these materials (Fig. 2) [13, 14]. The volcano Tyrrhena Patera (22degS, 104degE) is located within Hesperia Planum. Its products are both embayed by, and superpose, Hesperia Planum materials [15, 16]. We were previously funded to generate a 1:1 million scale map of Mars Transverse Mercator (MTM) quadrangles -15257 and -20257, which include the Tyrrhena Patera materials north and west of the Tyrrhena Patera summit. The goal for these maps was to constrain the nature and extent of the Tyrrhena Patera deposits, and to determine the relationship between Tyrrhena Patera materials, Hesperia Planum, and the adjacent highlands [16]. Author Geological Surveys; Mars Surface; Stratigraphy; Craters; Geochronology; Lava

20100017199 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, Mars Crown, David A.; Bleamaster, Leslie F., III; Mest, Scott C.; Mustard, John F.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 19-20; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017199 The Hellas impact basin, spanning 2000+ km in the cratered highlands, is the largest well-preserved impact structure on Mars and its deepest depositional sink. The Hellas region is significant for evaluating Mars hydrogeologic and climate histories, given the nature, diversity, and range in ages of potential water- and ice-related landforms [e.g., 1-2], including possible paleolakes on the basin floor [2-4]. The circum-Hellas highlands are of special interest given recent studies of potential localized fluvial/lacustrine systems [2, 5-17] and evidence for phyllosilicates around and within impact craters north of the basin [18-26]. Author Geological Surveys; Landforms; Mars Craters; Planetary Mapping; Structural Basins; Craters; Highlands

20100017200 NASA, Washington, DC, USA New Geologic Map of the Scandia Region of Mars Tanaka, K. L.; Rodriquez, J. A. P.; Skinner, J. A., Jr.; Hayward, R. K.; Fortezzo, C.; Edmundson, K.; Rosiek, M.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 43-44; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017200 We have begun work on a sophisti-cated digital geologic map of the Scandia region (Fig. 1) at 1:3,000,000 scale based on post-Viking image and to-pographic datasets. Through application of GIS tools, we will produce a map product that will

103 consist of (1) a printed photogeologic map displaying geologic units and relevant modiﬁcational landforms produced by tectonism, erosion, and collapse/mass wasting; (2) a landform geoda-tabase including sublayers of key landform types, attributed with direct measurements of their planform and to-pography using Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) altimetry data and High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) digital elevation models (DEMs) and various image datasets; and (3) a series of digital, reconstructed paleostratigraphic and paleotopographic maps showing the inferred distribution and topographic form of materi-als and features during past ages Author Mars Global Surveyor; Photogeology; Digital Data; Mars Surface; Photomaps; Altimetry; Digital Elevation Models

20100017201 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla-Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Progress Report Bleamaster, Leslie F., III; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 1-2; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017201 The BAT province is of particular interest with respect to evaluating Venus geologic, tectonic, and volcanic history and provides tests of global paradigms regarding her thermal evolution. The BAT is ‘ringed’ by volcano-tectonic troughs (Parga, Hecate, and Devana Chasmata), has an anomalously high-density of volcanic features with concentrations 2-4 times the global average [1], and is spatially coincident with ‘young terrain’ as illustrated by Average Surface Model Ages [2, 3]. The BAT province is key to understanding Venus current volcanic and tectonic modes, which may provide insight for evaluating Venus historical record. Several quadrangles, two 1:5,000,000 scale - Isabella (V-50) Quadrangle and Devana Chasma (V-29) Quadrangle and two 1:10,000,000 scale - Helen Planitia (I-2477) and Guinevere Planitia (I-2457), are in various stages of production (Figure 1). This abstract will report on their levels of completion as well as highlight some current results and outstanding issues. Author Geological Surveys; Planetary Geology; Venus Surface; Vanadium Isotopes; Radioactive Isotopes; Landforms; Tectonics; Mapping

20100017202 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geology of a Portion of the Martian Highlands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 and -25007 Fortezzo, C. M.; Williams, K. K.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 23-24; In English; See also 20100017196; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017202 As part of a continuing study to understand the relationship between valleys and highland resurfacing through geologic mapping, we are continuing to map seven MTM quads in portions of the Margaritifer, Arabia, and Noachis Terrae. Results from this mapping will also help constrain the role and extent of past water in the region. The MTMs are grouped in two different areas: a 4-quadrangle area (-20002, -20007, -25002, -25007) and an L-shaped area (-15017, -20017, -20022) within the region [1-5]. This abstract focuses on the geologic units and history from mapping in the 4-quadrangle area, but includes a brief update on the L-shaped map area. Author Geological Surveys; Mars Surface; Paleontology; Highlands; Geology; Mapping

20100017203 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and Nili Fossae, Mars Bleamaster, Leslie F., III; Crown, David A.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 17-18; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017203 Geologic mapping studies at the 1:1M-scale are being used to assess geologic materials and processes that shape the highlands along the Arabia Terra dichotomy boundary. In particular, this mapping will evaluate the distribution, stratigraphic position, and lateral continuity of compositionally distinct outcrops in Mawrth Vallis and Nili Fossae as identiﬁed by spectral instruments currently in orbit. Placing these landscapes, their material units, structural features, and unique compositional outcrops into spatial and temporal context with the remainder of the Arabia Terra dichotomy boundary may provide constraints on: 1) origin of the dichotomy boundary, 2) paleo-environments and climate conditions, and 3) various ﬂuvial-nival

104 modiﬁcation processes related to past and present volatile distribution and their putative reservoirs (aquifers, lakes and oceans, surface and ground ice) and the inﬂuences of nearby volcanic and tectonic features on hydrologic processes in these regions. The results of this work will include two 1:1M scale geologic maps of twelve MTM quadrangles (Mawrth Vallis - 20022, 20017, 20012, 25022, 25017, and 25012; and Nili Fossae - 20287, 20282, 25287, 25282, 30287, 30282). Author Dichotomies; Planetary Geology; Geological Surveys; Mars Surface; Stratigraphy; Highlands

20100017204 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fossae Formation on Mars and the Northern Lowland Plains of Venus Zimbelman, J. R.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 45-46; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017204 This report summarizes the status of mapping projects supported by NASA grant NNX07AP42G, through the Planetary Geology and Geophysics (PGG) program. The PGG grant is focused on 1:2M-scale mapping of portions of the Medusae Fossae Formation (MFF) on Mars. Also described below is the current status of two Venus geo-logic maps, generated under an earlier PGG mapping grant. Author Planetary Geology; Geological Surveys; Mars Surface; Geophysics

20100017205 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping of Athabasca Valles Keszthelyi, L. P.; Jaeger, W. L.; Tanaka, K.; Hare, T.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 29-30; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017205 We are approaching the end of the third year of mapping the Athabasca Valles region of Mars. The linework has been adjusted in response to new CTX images and we are on schedule to submit the 4 MTM quads (05202, 05207, 10202, 10207) and ac-companying paper by the end of this ﬁscal year. Author Geological Surveys; Mars Surface; Stratigraphy; Highlands; Mapping

20100017206 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Tooting Mouginis-Mark, P. J.; Garbeil, H.; Boyce, J. M.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 33-34; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017206 Tooting crater is approx.29 km in diameter, is located at 23.4degN, 207.5degE, and is classified as a multi-layered ejecta crater [1]. Our mapping last year identified several challenges that can now be addressed with HiRISE and CTX images, but specifically the third dimension of units. To address the distribution of ponded sediments, lobate flows, and volatile-bearing units within the crater cavity, we have focused this year on creating digital elevation models (DEMs) for the crater and ejecta blanket from stereo CTX and HiRISE images. These DEMs have a spatial resolution of approx.50 m for CTX data, and 2 m for HiRISE data. Each DEM is referenced to all of the available individual MOLA data points within an image, which number approx.5,000 and 800 respectively for the two data types Author Mars Craters; Spatial Resolution; Digital Elevation Models; Craters; Sediments

105 20100017207 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow System Grant, J. A.; Irwin, R. P., III; Wilson, S. A.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 25-26; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017207 Geologic mapping in Margaritifer Terra (Fig. 1) yields important new information regarding the inventory, sources, and sinks of water during the Noachian and early Hesperian on Mars [1-7]. Drainage in southwest Margaritifer Terra is dominated by the segmented Uzboi-Ladon-Morava (ULM) meso-scale outflow system that traverses northward along the southwestern flank of the Chryse trough [4-9]. Mapping of lower Uzboi Vallis through Ladon basin highlights the extent and complexity of sedimentary deposits associated with the ULM system [5-13]. Author Geological Surveys; Mars Surface; Drainage; Craters; Mars 1 Spacecraft; Segments

20100017208 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Second Year Results and Third Year Plan Skinner, J. A., Jr.; Tanaka, K. L.; Hare, T. M.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 39-40; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017208 The southern Utopia highland-lowland boundary (HLB) extends >1500 km westward from Hyblaeus Dorsa to the topographic saddle that separates Isidis and Utopia Planitiae. It contains bench-like platforms that contain depressions, pitted cones (some organized into arcuate chains and thumb-print terrain), isolated domes, buried circular depressions, ring fractures, polygonal fractures, and other locally- to regionally-dispersed landforms [1-2]. The objective of this map project is to clarify the geologic evolution of the southern Utopia Planitia HLB by identifying the geologic, structural, and stratigraphic relationships of surface materials in MTMs 10237, 15237, 20237, 10242, 15242, 20242, 10247, 15247, and 20247. The project was originally awarded in April, 2007 and is in its final year of support. Mapping is on-schedule and formal map submission will occur by December, 2009, with finalization anticipated by April, 2010. Herein, we (1) review specifics regarding mapping data and methods, (2) present nomenclature requests that we feel will assist with unit descriptions, (3) describe Year 2 mapping and science accomplishments, and (4) outline Year 3 technical and managerial approaches for finalizing the geologic map. Author Geology; Mars Surface; Surface Properties; Topography; Highlands; Landforms; Stratigraphy

20100017209 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Half Way Done Tanaka, K. L.; Dohm, J. M.; Irwin, R.; Kolb, E. J.; Skinner, J. A., Jr.; Hare, T. M.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 41-42; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017209 We are in the third year of a ﬁve-year effort to map the geology of Mars using mainly Mars Global Surveyor, Mars Express, and Mars Odyssey imaging and altimetry datasets. Previously, we have reported on details of project management, mapping datasets (local and regional), initial and anticipated mapping approaches, and tactics of map unit delineation and description [1-2]. For example, we have seen how the multiple types and huge quantity of image data as well as more accurate and detailed altimetry data now available allow for broader and deeper geologic perspectives, based largely on improved landform perception, characterization, and analysis. Here, we describe mapping and unit delineation results thus far, a new unit identiﬁed in the northern plains, and remaining steps to complete the map. Author Mars Surface; Planetary Geology; Landforms; 2001 Mars Odyssey; Mars Global Surveyor

106 20100017210 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Preliminary Geological Map of the Fortuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Venus Ivanov, M. A.; Head, J. W.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 5-6; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017210 The Fortuna Tessera quadrangle (50-75 N, 0-60 E) is a large region of tessera [1] that includes the major portion of Fortuna and Laima Tesserae [2]. Near the western edge of the map area, Fortuna Tessera is in contact with the highest moun-tain belt on Venus, Maxwell Montes. Deformational belts of Sigrun-Manto Fossae (extensional structures) and Au ra Dorsa (contractional structures) separate the tessera regions. Highly deformed terrains correspond to elevated regions and mildly deformed units are with low-lying areas. The sets of features within the V-2 quadrangle permit us to address the following important questions: (1) the timing and processes of crustal thickening/thinning, (2) the nature and origin of tesserae and deformation belts and their relation to crustal thickening processes, (3) the existence or absence of major evolutionary trends of volcanism and tectonics. The key feature in all of these problems is the regional sequence of events. Here we present description of units that occur in the V-2 quadrangle, their regional correlation chart (Fig. 1), and preliminary geological map of the region (Fig. 2). Author Crusts; Venus Surface; Topography; Tectonics; Geology

20100017211 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping of V-19 Martin, P.; Stofan, E. R.; Guest, J. E.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 11-12; In English; See also 20100017196; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017211 A geologic map of the Sedna Planitia (V-19) quadrangle is being completed at the 1:5,000,000 scale as part of the NASA Planetary Geologic Mapping Program, and will be submitted for review by September 2009. Author Planetary Mapping; Geological Surveys; Venus Surface; Paleontology; Coronas; Composite Materials

20100017212 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Region of Mars DiAchille, G.; Hynek, B. M.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 21-22; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017212 The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity observed an upper layer of a more than 600-m-thick sequence of light toned outcrops that characterize the Meridiani region of Mars. Results from the rover analyses have shown that the bedrock contains mineral and textural characteristics that require at least the interaction of, and possibly an overall formation by, water-related mechanisms in order to be explained [1]. Additionally, remote sensing studies of the region have suggested that the rocks sampled in places by the MER rover consist of many distinct layers extending over an area of more than 3 10(exp 5) sq km spanning 20deg of longitude [2]. Author Geological Surveys; Mapping; Mars Exploration; Mars Surface; Planetary Mapping; Remote Sensing

20100017213 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - 2009 Tanaka, K. L.; Skinner, J. A.; Hare, T. M.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 1-21; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017213 Geologic maps present, in an historical context, fundamental syntheses of interpretations of the materials, landforms, structures, and processes that characterize planetary surfaces and shallow subsurfaces (e.g., Varnes, 1974). Such maps also provide a contextual framework for summarizing and evaluating thematic research for a given region or body. In planetary

107 exploration, for example, geologic maps are used for specialized investigations such as targeting regions of interest for data collection and for characterizing sites for landed missions. Whereas most modern terrestrial geologic maps are constructed from regional views provided by remote sensing data and supplemented in detail by field-based observations and measurements, planetary maps have been largely based on analyses of orbital photography. For planetary bodies in particular, geologic maps commonly represent a snapshot of a surface, because they are based on available information at a time when new data are still being acquired. Thus the field of planetary geologic mapping has been evolving rapidly to embrace the use of new data and modern technology and to accommodate the growing needs of planetary exploration. Planetary geologic maps have been published by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) since 1962 (Hackman, 1962). Over this time, numerous maps of several planetary bodies have been prepared at a variety of scales and projections using the best available image and topographic bases. Early geologic map bases commonly consisted of hand-mosaicked photographs or airbrushed shaded-relief views and geologic linework was manually drafted using mylar bases and ink drafting pens. Map publishing required a tedious process of scribing, color peel-coat preparation, typesetting, and photo-laboratory work. Beginning in the 1990s, inexpensive computing, display capability and user-friendly illustration software allowed maps to be drawn using digital tools rather than pen and ink, and mylar bases became obsolete. Terrestrial geologic maps published by the USGS now are primarily digital products using geographic information system (GIS) software and file formats. GIS mapping tools permit easy spatial comparison, generation, importation, manipulation, and analysis of multiple raster image, gridded, and vector data sets. GIS software has also permitted the development of project-specific tools and the sharing of geospatial products among researchers. GIS approaches are now being used in planetary geologic mapping as well (e.g., Hare and others, 2009). Guidelines or handbooks on techniques in planetary geologic mapping have been developed periodically (e.g., Wilhelms, 1972, 1990; Tanaka and others, 1994). As records of the heritage of mapping methods and data, these remain extremely useful guides. However, many of the fundamental aspects of earlier mapping handbooks have evolved significantly, and a comprehensive review of currently accepted mapping methodologies is now warranted. As documented in this handbook, such a review incorporates additional guidelines developed in recent years for planetary geologic mapping by the NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics (PGG) Program s Planetary Cartography and Geologic Mapping Working Group s (PCGMWG) Geologic Mapping Subcommittee (GEMS) on the selection and use of map bases as well as map preparation, review, publication, and distribution. In light of the current boom in planetary exploration and the ongoing rapid evolution of available data for planetary mapping, this handbook is especially timely. Author Geological Surveys; Planetary Mapping; Handbooks; Planetary Geology; Data Acquisition; Geographic Information Systems; Geophysics; Thematic Mapping; Topography

20100017214 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V-57) Quadrangle, Venus Ivanov, M. A.; Head, J. W.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 7-8; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017214 The area of V-57, the Fredegonde quadrangle (50-75degS, 60-120degE, Fig.1), is located within the eastern portion of Lada Terra within the topographic province of midlands (0-2 km above MPR [1,2]). Midlands form the most abundant portion of the surface of Venus and are characterized by diverse sets of units and structures [3-11]. The area of the Fredegonde quadrangle is in contact with the elevated portion of Lada Terra to the W and with the lowland of Aino Planitia to the NE. The transitions of the mid-lands to the lowlands and highlands are, thus, one of the main themes of the geology within the V-57 quadrangle. The character of the transitions and distribution and sequence of units/structures in the midlands are crucially important in understanding the time and modes of formation of this topographic province. The most prominent features in the map area are linear deformational zones consisting of swarms of grooves and graben and large coronae. The zones characterize the central and NW portions of the map area and represent regionally important, broad (up to 100s km wide) ridges that are 100s m high. Relatively small (100s km across, 100s m deep) equidimensional basins occur between the corona-groove-chains in the west and border the central chain from the east. Here we describe units that make up the surface within the V-57 quadrangle and present a summary of our geological map that shows the areal distribution of the major groups of units. Author Geological Faults; Coronas; Highlands; Topography

108 20100017215 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus Kumar, P. Senthil; Head, James W., III; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 9-10; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017215 Geological mapping of the V-56 quadrangle (Fig. 1) reveals various tectonic and volcanic features and processes in Lada Terra that consist of tesserae, regional extensional belts, coronae, volcanic plains and impact craters. This study aims to map the spatial distribution of different material units, deformational features or lineament patterns and impact crater materials. In addition, we also establish the relative age relationships (e.g., overlapping or cross-cutting relationship) between them, in order to reconstruct the geologic history. Basically, this quadrangle addresses how coronae evolved in association with regional extensional belts, in addition to evolution of tesserae, regional plains and impact craters, which are also signiﬁcant geological units of Lada Terra. Author Paleontology; Thematic Mapping; Vanadium Isotopes; Venus Surface; Craters; Radioactive Isotopes; Structural Properties (Geology); Spatial Distribution; Coronas

20100017216 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Planitia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for Tectonic and Volcanic History of the North Polar Region of Venus Hurwitz, D. M.; Head, J. W.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 3-4; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017216 Geologic mapping of Snegurochka Planitia (V-1) reveals a complex stratigraphy of tectonic and volcanic features that can provide insight into the geologic history of Venus and Archean Earth [1,2], including 1) episodes of both localized crustal uplift and mantle downwelling, 2) shifts from local to regional volcanic activity, and 3) a shift back to local volcanic activity. We present our progress in mapping the spatial and stratigraphic relationships of material units and our initial interpretations of the tectonic and volcanic history of the region surrounding the north pole of Venus Author Geological Surveys; Stratigraphy; Tectonics; Precambrian Period; Paleontology; Mapping; Crusts; Spatial Distribution

20100017217 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Geologic Mapping Williams, D. A.; Keszthelyi, L. P.; Crown, D. A.; Geissler, P. E.; Schenk, P. M.; Yff, Jessica; Jaeger, W. L.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 47-48; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017217 We are preparing a new global geo-logic map of Jupiter s volcanic moon, Io. Here we report the type of data that are now available from our global mapping efforts, and how these data can be used to investigate questions regarding the volcano-tectonic evolution of Io. We are using the new map to investigate several speciﬁc questions about the geologic evolution of Io that previously could not be well addressed, including (for example) a comparison of the areas vs. the heights of Ionian mountains to assess their stability and evolution (Fig. 1). The area-height relationships of Io s visible mountains show the low abundance and low relief of volcanic mountains (tholi) relative to tectonic mountains, consistent with formation from low-viscosity lavas less likely to build steep ediﬁces. Mottled mountains are generally less high than lineated mountains, consistent with a degradational formation. Author Io; Volcanology; Planetary Evolution; Geological Surveys; Lava; Mapping; Tectonics; Volcanoes

109 20100017218 NASA, Washington, DC, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic History and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger Basin Mest, S. C.; Berman, D. C.; Petro, N. E.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 15-16; In English; See also 20100017196; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017218 In this study we use recent images and topographic data to map the geology and geomorphology of the lunar South Pole quadrangle (LQ-30) at 1:2.5M scale [1-4] in accordance with the Lunar Geologic Mapping Program. Mapping of LQ-30 began during Mest’s postdoctoral appointment and has continued under the PG&G Program, from which funding became available in February 2009. Preliminary map-ping and analyses have been done using base materials compiled by Mest, but properly mosaicked and spatially registered base materials are being compiled by the USGS and should be received by the end of June 2009. The overall objective of this research is to constrain the geologic evolution of the lunar South Pole (LQ-30: 60deg -90deg S, 0deg - +/-180deg ) with speciﬁc emphasis on evaluation of a) the regional effects of basin formation on the structure and composition of the crust and b) the spatial distribution of ejecta, in particular resulting from formation of the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin and other large basins. Key scientiﬁc objectives include: 1) Constraining the geologic history of the lunar South Pole and examining the spatial and temporal variability of geologic processes within the map area. 2) Constraining the vertical and lateral structure of the lunar regolith and crust, assessing the distribution of impact-generated materials, and determining the timing and effects of major basin-forming impacts on crustal structure and stratigraphy in the map area. And 3) assessing the distribution of resources (e.g., H, Fe, Th) and their relationships with surface materials. Author Geological Surveys; Geomorphology; Lunar Surface; Stratigraphy; Structural Basins; Surface Properties; Topography; Crusts; Lunar Maps; Regolith

20100017219 NASA, Washington, DC, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Vallis Region, Mars Mest, S. C.; Crown, D. A.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 31-32; In English; See also 20100017196; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017219 Geologic mapping of MTM -30247, -35247, and -40247 quadrangles is being used to characterize Reull Vallis (RV) and to determine the history of the eastern Hellas region of Mars. Studies of RV examine the roles and timing of volatile-driven erosional and depositional processes and provide constraints on potential associated climatic changes. This study complements earlier investigations of the eastern Hellas region, including regional analyses [1-6], mapping studies of circum-Hellas canyons [7-10], and volcanic studies of Hadriaca and Tyrrhena Paterae [11-13]. Key scientiﬁc objectives include 1) characterizing RV in its ‘ﬂuvial zone,’ 2) analysis of channels in the surrounding plains and potential connections to and interactions with RV, 3) examining young, presumably sedimentary plains along RV, and 4) determining the nature of the connection between the segments of RV. Author Geological Surveys; Mars Surface; Planetary Geology; Erosion; Climate Change

20100017220 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Mapping along the Coprates Rise Saunders, R Stephen; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 35-36; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017220 This geologic mapping project supports a topical study of structures in east Thaumasia associated with the Coprates rise. The study examines cuesta-like features on the east flank of the Coprates rise first identified by Saunders et al. [1]. Mapping combines detailed local stratigraphy, structural geology and topography. Hogbacks and cuestas indicate erosion of tilted rock units. The extent of the erosion will be determined in the course of the mapping. The region of interest lies along the eastern margin of Thaumasia bounded by latitudes -15 and -35 and longitudes 50 to 70 W (Figure 1). Three MTM geologic quadrangles are being compiled for publication by the USGS (-20057, -25057, -30057). All existing data sources are used

110 including THEMIS, MOC, CTX, HiRISE, MOLA and gravity, as well as higher level data available through the PDS data nodes at ASU, UA and Washington University. The extremely valuable ASU JMARS tools are used for analysis of many of the data sets. ArcGIS software has been obtained and is being learned for the map compilation. Author Geological Surveys; Gravitation; Landforms; Mars Surface; Planetary Mapping; Stratigraphy; Erosion

20100017221 NASA, Washington, DC, USA Geology of Libya Montes and the Interbasin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Work Plan Skiner, J. A., Jr.; Rogers, A. D.; Seelos, K. D.; Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Planetary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, TX, 2009; June 2009, pp. 37-38; In English; See also 20100017196; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017221 The highland-lowland boundary (HLB) of Mars is interpreted to be a complex tectonic and erosional transition that may hold evidence for past geologic processes and environments. The HLB-abutting margin of the Libya Montes and the interbasin plains of northern Tyrrhena Terra display an exceptional view of the earliest to middle history of Mars that has yet to be fully characterized. This region contains some of the oldest exposed materials on the Martian surface as well as aqueous mineral signatures that may be potential chemical artifacts of early highland formational processes. However, a full understanding of the regions geologic and stratigraphic evolution is remarkably lacking. Some outstanding questions regarding the geologic evolution of Libya Montes and northern Tyrrhena Terra in-clude: Does combining geomorphology and composition advance our understanding of the region s evolution? Can highland materials be subdivided into stratigraphically discrete rock and sediment sequences? What do major physiographic transitions imply about the balanced tectonism, climate change, and erosion? Where is the erosional origin and what is the post-depositional history of channel and plains units? When and in what types of environments did aqueous mineral signatures arise? This abstract introduces the geologic setting, science rationale, and ﬁrst year work plan of a recently-funded 4-year geologic mapping proposal (project year = calendar year). The objective is to delineate the geologic evolution of Libya Montes and northern Tyrrhena Terra at 1:1M scale using both classical geomorphological and compositional mapping techniques. The funded quadrangles are MTMs 00282, -05282, -10282, 00277, -05277, and -10277. Author Geological Surveys; Geomorphology; Mars Surface; Stratigraphy; Structural Properties (Geology); Tectonics; Boundaries; Erosion; Climate Change

20100017231 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars-GRAM Justh, Hilary L.; Justus, C. G.; March 18, 2010; 20 pp.; In English; Mars Engineering Dust Workshop, 18-19 Mar. 2010, Pasadena, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0450; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017231 Engineering-level atmospheric model widely used for diverse mission applications. Mars-GRAM s perturbation modeling capability is commonly used, in a Monte-Carlo mode, to perform high ﬁdelity engineering end-to-end simulations for entry, descent, and landing (EDL). From the surface to 80 km altitude, Mars-GRAM is based on NASA Ames Mars General Circulation Model (MGCM). Mars-GRAM and MGCM use surface topography from Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA), with altitudes referenced to the MOLA areoid, or constant potential surface. Traditional Mars-GRAM options for representing the mean atmosphere along entry corridors include: TES Mapping Years 1 and 2, with Mars-GRAM data coming from MGCM model results driven by observed TES dust optical depth TES Mapping Year 0, with user-controlled dust optical depth and Mars-GRAM data interpolated from MGCM model results driven by selected values of globally-uniform dust optical depth. Mars-GRAM 2005 has been validated against Radio Science data, and both nadir and limb data from the Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES). Author Atmospheric Models; Mars Atmosphere; Monte Carlo Method; Perturbation; Thermal Emission; Atmospheric Circulation; Atmospheric Entry; Atmospheric General Circulation Models; Mars Surface; Mars Global Surveyor

111 20100017246 Naval Research Lab., Monterey, CA USA Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar Stratospheric Clouds at the South Pole Campbell, James R.; Welton, Ellsworth J.; Spinhirne, James D; Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society; May 2009; Volume 90, Issue 5, pp. 613-617; In English Report No.(s): AD-A513423; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2754.1 Polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) play a primary role in the formation of annual ozone holes over Antarctica during the austral sunrise. Meridional temperature gradients in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, caused by strong radiative cooling, induce a broad dynamic vortex centered near the South Pole that decouples and insulates the winter polar airmass. PSC nucleate and grow as vortex temperatures gradually fall below equilibrium saturation and frost points for ambient sulfate, nitrate, and water vapor concentrations (generally below 197 K). Cloud surfaces promote heterogeneous reactions that convert stable chlorine and bromine-based molecules into photochemically active ones. As spring nears, and the sun reappears and rises, photolysis decomposes these partitioned compounds into individual halogen atoms that react with and catalytically destroy thousands of ozone molecules before they are stochastically neutralized. Despite a generic understanding of the ozone hole paradigm, many key components of the system, such as cloud occurrence, phase, and composition; particle growth mechanisms; and denitrification of the lower stratosphere have yet to be fully resolved. Satellite-based observations have dramatically improved the ability to detect PSC and quantify seasonal polar chemical partitioning. However, coverage directly over the Antarctic plateau is limited by polar-orbiting tracks that rarely exceed 80 degrees S. In December 1999, a NASA Micropulse Lidar Network instrument (MPLNET) was first deployed to the NOAA Earth Systems Research Laboratory (ESRL) Atmospheric Research Observatory at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station for continuous cloud and aerosol profiling. MPLNET instruments are eye-safe, capable of full-time autonomous operation, and suitably rugged and compact to withstand long-term remote deployment. With only brief interruptions during the winters of 2001 and 2002, a nearly continuous data archive exists to the present. Author Antarctic Regions; Ice Clouds; Optical Radar; Ozone Depletion; Polar Meteorology; Stratosphere; Sunrise; Photochemical Reactions

20100017330 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset Remsberg, Ellis E.; Lingenfelser, Gretchen; April 2010; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): WBS 281945.02.31.02.07 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216690; L-19872; NF1676L-10646; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017330 This report describes the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) Version 6 (V6) Level 3 data products and the assumptions used for their generation. A sequential estimation algorithm was used to obtain daily, zonal Fourier coefficients of the several parameters of the LIMS dataset for 216 days of 1978-79. The coefficients are available at up to 28 pressure levels and at every two degrees of latitude from 64 S to 84 N and at the synoptic time of 12 UT. Example plots were prepared and archived from the data at 10 hPa of January 1, 1979, to illustrate the overall coherence of the features obtained with the LIMS-retrieved parameters. Author Earth Limb; Stratosphere; Data Products; Infrared Radiation; Algorithms; Geophysics

20100017339 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Principal Components Analysis of Reﬂectance Spectra from the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity Mercer, C. M.; Cohen, B. A.; March 1, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0351; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017339 In the summer of 2007 a global dust storm on Mars effectively disabled Opportunity’s Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES), the primary instrument used by the Athena Science Team to identify locally unique rocks on the Martian surface. The science team needs another way to distinguish interesting rocks from their surroundings on a tactical timescale. This study was designed to develop the ability to identify locally unique rocks on the Martian surface remotely using the Mars Exploration Rovers’ Panoramica Camera (PanCam) instrument. Meridiani bedrock observed by Opportunity

112 is largely characterized by sulfate-rich sandstones and hematite spherules. Additionally, loose fragments of bedrock and ‘cobbles’ of foreign origin collet on the surface, some of which are interpreted as meteorites. Author Principal Components Analysis; Mars Exploration; Thermal Emission; Roving Vehicles; Spectrum Analysis; Bedrock; Hematite; Reﬂectance

20100017340 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA A High Resolution Microprobe Study of EETA79001 Lithology C Schrader, Christian M.; Cohen, B. A.; Donovan, J. J.; Vicenzi, E. P.; March 1, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; 41st Lunar and Planetary Space Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, The Woodlands, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0353; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017340 Antarctic meteorite EETA79001 has received substantial attention for possibly containing a component of Martian soil in its impact glass (Lithology C) [1]. The composition of Martian soil can illuminate near-surface processes such as impact gardening [2] and hydrothermal and volcanic activity [3,4]. Impact melts in meteorites represent our most direct samples of Martian regolith. We present the initial ﬁndings from a high-resolution electron microprobe study of Lithology C from Martian meteorite EETA79001. As this study develops we aim to extract details of a potential soil composition and to examine Martian surface processes using elemental ratios and correlations. Author Antarctic Regions; SNC Meteorites; Mars Surface; Lithology; Planetary Geology; Regolith; Impact Melts

20100017496 Northwest Research Associates, Inc., Redmond, WA USA Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions and Under Conditions Artiﬁcially Perturbed by HAARP Secan, James A.; Nickisch, L. J.; Knepp, Dennis L.; Snyder, A. L.; Kennedy, Edward J.; August 31, 2008; 134 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8718-04-C-0001; Proj-4827 Report No.(s): AD-A517436; NWRA-BELL-05-R376; AFRL-RV-HA-TR-2008-1139; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Tech- nical Information Center (DTIC) During the report period, NorthWest Research Associates (NWRA) conducted ionospheric measurements at several Air Force research and operational locations and analyzed the data collected thereby. The measurements were performed using a variety of radiowave techniques, most involving transionospheric radio propagation, and included observations of ionospheric perturbations via high-power transmissions under the High frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP). Total Electron Content (TEC) from a chain of stations in Alaska were inverted tomographically to produce altitude versus latitude images of plasma density. By these and other means, ionospheric features such as the main F-layer trough and polar patches were characterized for application to Air Force environmental models. Studies of ionospheric scintillation focused on the performance of models for scintillation were conducted. A number of studies were undertaken to develop better means of partitioning GPS TEC data in altitude and to assess uncertainties in TEC derived from GPS observations. DTIC Auroras; Electron Density (Concentration); High Frequencies; Incoherent Scattering; Plasmas (Physics); Radio Waves; Scintillation; Tomography

20100017692 Weston Geophysical Corp., Lexington, MA USA Quantiﬁcation of Rock Damage from Small Explosions and Its Effect on Shear-Wave Generation Leidig, Mark; Bonner, Jessie; Martin, Randolph J.; Boyd, Peter; Lewkowicz, Jim; June 15, 2009; 170 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8718-08-C-0044; Proj-1010 Report No.(s): AD-A517072; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Weston Geophysical Corp., New England Research, Inc., and several geotechnical consultants conducted the Vermont/ New England Damage Experiment in central Vermont during July 2008. A series of ﬁve explosions using charges with yields of 135 and 270 lbs and three types of explosives were detonated in homogeneous, low fracture density granite. The goal of the experiment was to generate different amounts of rock damage around the source by using explosives with dramatically different velocities of detonation (VOD), and then relate the shear wave generation to the amount of damage. We used pre-

113 and post-shot core analysis to quantify signiﬁcant differences in the damage induced by the explosions. Velocities are slower, permeabilities are higher, resistivities are lower, and porosities are higher in the damaged intervals. These results are consistent with a microcrack scale fracture population that is enhanced by the blasts. Over 140 seismic sensors were installed to record the blasts. Peak particle velocity (PPV) studies found that the fastest VOD explosive, Composition B, expended much of its energy at the source pulverizing the surrounding rock, while the middle VOD explosive, heavy ANFO, produced the largest PPV. Source scaling studies found the black powder shot produced seismic amplitudes up to an order of magnitude less than the ANFO and COMP B amplitudes above 5 Hz, but created Rayleigh waves similar in amplitude to those from the ANFO shot. The black powder shot produced larger Rayleigh and Love waves than the COMP B shot. The ANFO and COMP B shots generated similar amplitudes above 8 Hz, but the ANFO source Rayleigh waves were up to twice as large and the Love waves were up to three times as large as those from the COMP B shot. These results indicate that rock damage may be responsible for some of the differences in surface and shear wave generation. DTIC Damage; Damage Assessment; Detonation; Explosions; Granite; Rocks; S Waves; Wave Generation

47 METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY Includes weather observation forecasting and modiﬁcation.

20100017107 Department of Energy, Germantown, MD, USA Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility Operations. Quarterly Report January 1 - March 31, 2009 January 2009; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2009-966976; DOE/SC-ARM/P-09-009; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Individual raw data streams from instrumentation at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Climate Research Facility (ACRF) fixed and mobile sites are collected and sent to the Data Management Facility (DMF) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for processing in near real-time. Raw and processed data are then sent daily to the ACRF Archive, where they are made available to users. For each instrument, we calculate the ratio of the actual number of data records received daily at the Archive to the expected number of data records. The results are tabulated by (l) individual data stream, site, and month for the current year and (2) site and fiscal year (FY) dating back to 1998. NTIS Atmospheric Radiation; Climate; Radiation Measurement; Research Facilities

20100017177 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Temperature Observations into Land Surface Models Reichle, Rolf H.; Kumar, Sujay V.; Mahanama, P. P.; Koster, Randal D.; Liu, Q.; [2010]; 57 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AH36G; F2BBBJ7080G001; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017177 Land surface (or ‘skin’) temperature (LST) lies at the heart of the surface energy balance and is a key variable in weather and climate models. Here we assimilate LST retrievals from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) into the Noah and Catchment (CLSM) land surface models using an ensemble-based, off-line land data assimilation system. LST is described very differently in the two models. A priori scaling and dynamic bias estimation approaches are applied because satellite and model LST typically exhibit different mean values and variability. Performance is measured against 27 months of in situ measurements from the Coordinated Energy and Water Cycle Observations Project at 48 stations. LST estimates from Noah and CLSM without data assimilation (‘open loop’) are comparable to each other and superior to that of ISCCP retrievals. For LST, RMSE values are 4.9 K (CLSM), 5.6 K (Noah), and 7.6 K (ISCCP), and anomaly correlation coefficients (R) are 0.62 (CLSM), 0.61 (Noah), and 0.52 (ISCCP). Assimilation of ISCCP retrievals provides modest yet statistically significant improvements (over open loop) of up to 0.7 K in RMSE and 0.05 in anomaly R. The skill of surface turbulent flux estimates from the assimilation integrations is essentially identical to the corresponding open loop skill. Noah assimilation estimates of ground heat flux, however, can be significantly worse than open loop estimates. Provided the

114 assimilation system is properly adapted to each land model, the beneﬁts from the assimilation of LST retrievals are comparable for both models. Author Land Surface Temperature; Climate Models; Satellite Observation; Climatology; Clouds (Meteorology); Surface Energy; Assimilation; Correlation Coeffıcients; Earth Surface; Energy Budgets

20100017230 Universities Space Research Association, Huntsville, AL, USA Forecasting Lightning Threat Using WRF Proxy Fields McCaul, E. W., Jr.; March 16, 2010; 28 pp.; In English; Use of Lightning Data Proxies in Data Assimilation, 15-18 Mar. 2010, Norman, OK, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0433; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017230 Objectives: Given that high-resolution WRF forecasts can capture the character of convective outbreaks, we seek to: 1. Create WRF forecasts of LTG threat (1-24 h), based on 2 proxy fields from explicitly simulated convection: - graupel flux near -15 C (captures LTG time variability) - vertically integrated ice (captures LTG threat area). 2. Calibrate each threat to yield accurate quantitative peak flash rate densities. 3. Also evaluate threats for areal coverage, time variability. 4. Blend threats to optimize results. 5. Examine sensitivity to model mesh, microphysics. Methods: 1. Use high-resolution 2-km WRF simulations to prognose convection for a diverse series of selected case studies. 2. Evaluate graupel fluxes; vertically integrated ice (VII). 3. Calibrate WRF LTG proxies using peak total LTG flash rate densities from NALMA; relationships look linear, with regression line passing through origin. 4. Truncate low threat values to make threat areal coverage match NALMA flash extent density obs. 5. Blend proxies to achieve optimal performance 6. Study CAPS 4-km ensembles to evaluate sensitivities. Author Weather Forecasting; Lightning; High Resolution; Convection

20100017244 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA Distribution and Radiative Forcing of Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds Lee, Joonsuk; Yang, Ping; Dessler, Andrew E.; Gao, Bo-Cai; Platnick, Steven; Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; Dec. 2009; Volume 66, pp. 3721-3731; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AF68G; NSF ATM-0239605 Report No.(s): AD-A513329; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009JAS3183.1 To understand the radiative impact of tropical thin cirrus clouds, the frequency of occurrence and optical depths of these clouds have been derived. Thin cirrus clouds are defined here as being those that are not detected by the operational Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud mask, corresponding to an optical depth value of approximately 0.3 or smaller, but that are detectable in terms of the cirrus reflectance product based on the MODIS 1.375-micron channel. With such a definition, thin cirrus clouds were present in more than 40% of the pixels flagged as clear sky by the operational MODIS cloud mask algorithm. It is shown that these thin cirrus clouds are frequently observed in deep convective regions in the western Pacific. Thin cirrus optical depths were derived from the cirrus reflectance product. Regions of significant cloud fraction and large optical depths were observed in the Northern Hemisphere during the boreal spring and summer and moved southward during the boreal autumn and winter. The radiative effects of tropical thin cirrus clouds were studied on the basis of the retrieved cirrus optical depths, the atmospheric profiles derived from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) observations, and a radiative transfer model in conjunction with a parameterization of ice cloud spectral optical properties. To understand how these clouds regulate the radiation field in the atmosphere, the instantaneous net fluxes at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and at the surface were calculated. The present study shows positive and negative net forcings at the TOA and at the surface, respectively. The positive (negative) net forcing at the TOA (surface) is due to the dominance of longwave (shortwave) forcing. Both the TOA and surface forcings are in a range of 0-20 W/sq m, depending on the optical depths of thin cirrus clouds. Author Cirrus Clouds; Optical Thickness; Radiative Forcing; Tropical Regions; Cloud Physics

115 20100017248 Naval Research Lab., Monterey, CA USA Comparison of GOES Cloud Classification Algorithms Employing Explicit and Implicit Physics Bankert, Richard L.; Mitrescu, Cristian; Miller, Steven D.; Wade, Robert H.; Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology; Jul. 2009; Volume 48, Issue 7, pp. 1411-1421; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNS06AA22G; NNA07CN14A Report No.(s): AD-A513424; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009JAMC2103.1 Cloud-type classification based on multispectral satellite imagery data has been widely researched and demonstrated to be useful for distinguishing a variety of classes using a wide range of methods. The research described here is a comparison of the classifier output from two very different algorithms applied to Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data over the course of one year. The first algorithm employs spectral channel thresholding and additional physically based tests. The second algorithm was developed through a supervised learning method with characteristic features of expertly labeled image samples used as training data for a 1-nearest-neighbor classification. The latter’s ability to identify classes is also based in physics, but those relationships are embedded implicitly within the algorithm. A pixel-to-pixel comparison analysis was done for hourly daytime scenes within a region in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Considerable agreement was found in this analysis, with many of the mismatches or disagreements providing insight to the strengths and limitations of each classifier. Depending upon user needs, a rule-based or other postprocessing system that combines the output from the two algorithms could provide the most reliable cloud-type classification. Author Algorithms; Classifications; Expert Systems; Image Processing; Satellite Imagery; Clouds (Meteorology)

20100017261 Civil Aerospace Medical Inst., Oklahoma City, OK, USA Effects of Video Weather Training Products, Web-Based Preflight Weather Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pilots on General Aviation Pilot Weather Knowledge and Flight Behavior Knecht, William; Ball, Jerry; Lenz, Michael; March 2010; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): AM-A-07-HRR-521 Report No.(s): DOT/FAA/AM-10/6; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy This research had two main phases. Phase 1 investigated three major questions, one of which was whether or not video weather training products could significantly affect general aviation (GA) pilot weather knowledge and flight behavior in marginal meteorological conditions. Fifty GA pilots took a general weather knowledge pre-test, followed by exposure to either one of two weather training videos (the Experimental groups) or ro a video having nothing to do with weather (the Control group). They next took a post-test ro measure knowledge gain induced by the training product. Finally, they planned for and flew a simulated flight mission through marginal weather from Amarillo, TX, to Albuquerque, NM. Multivariate modeling implied that a combination of higher pilot age, receiving either weather training product, and takeoff hesitancy could significantly, correctly predict 86.7% of diversions from deteriorating weather and 77.8% of full flight completions. The question then becan1e whether or not this model would be robust over time. In the present study (Phase 2), after a time lapse of 3-4 months, 44 of the 50 original Phase 1 pilots returned for further testing. Again, they were tested for weather knowledge and flew a simulated flight mission similar to Phase 1’s. No significant change in weather knowledge was evident from Phase 1 to 2, nor were any significant differences seen between the three treatment groups. Additionally, the 3-factor model of Phase 1 failed to significantly predict flight diversions or flight completions in Phase 2. The combined results of Phases 1 and 2 imply that the effects on weather knowledge and flight behavior of a single 90-minute training video seem minimal in comparison to the complexities of weather itself and flight into weather. This is consistent with intuition. Moreover, what small effects are produced seem to decay with time. None of this is unexpected. It merely means that weather is complex, and effective weather training must be intensive to begin with and ongoing to remain effective. Author Flight Characteristics; General Aviation Aircraft; Weather; Education; Video Communication

20100017346 Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA, USA Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane Predictability Zhang, Fuqing; Sippel, Jason A.; December 07, 2008; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): N000140410471; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources This study exempliﬁes inherent uncertainties in deterministic prediction of hurricane formation and intensity. Such

116 uncertainties could ultimately limit the predictability of hurricanes at all time scales. In particular, this study highlights the predictability limit due to the effects on moist convection of initial-condition errors with amplitudes far smaller than those of any observation or analysis system. Not only can small and arguably unobservable differences in the initial conditions result in different routes to tropical cyclogenesis, but they can also determine whether or not a tropical disturbance will signiﬁcantly develop. The details of how the initial vortex is built can depend on chaotic interactions of mesoscale features, such as cold pools from moist convection, whose timing and placement may signiﬁcantly vary with minute initial differences. Inherent uncertainties in hurricane forecasts illustrate the need for developing advanced ensemble prediction systems to provide event-dependent probabilistic forecasts and risk assessment. Author Convection; Prediction Analysis Techniques; Hurricanes; Forecasting; Predictions; Mesoscale Phenomena

20100017352 Watson Technical Consulting, Inc., Rincon, GA, USA; University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA Design, Implementation and Operation of a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone Hazard Model Watson, Charles C.; Johnson, Mark E.; January 1999; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106793; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Arbiter of Storms (TAOS) is a meteorological hazard model that is integrated, scalable, and modular. It is intended to assist emergency managers, land use planners and meteorologists in assessing the risks associated with meteorological hazards. TAOS is designed using an object-oriented approach which allows a user to select the methods most appropriate to the problem, or the use of multiple methods to create an ensemble approach. TAOS is in order to enable the rapid integration and testing of new or experimental techniques. The underlying complexity of storm hazard modeling is hidden from users with minimal numerical modeling background using a graphical user interface. More experienced users have the option to interact with the model at a detailed level. NTIS Cyclones; Hazards; Models; Storms; Tropical Storms

20100017362 Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT, USA; Geological Survey, Tucson, AZ, USA; Glacier National Park, West Glacier, MT, USA Long-Duration Drought Variability and Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case Study from Glacier National Park, Montana USA Pedersen, Gregory T.; Gray, Stephen R.; Fagre, Daniel B.; Graumlich, Lisa J.; January 2009; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106905; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Instrumental climate records suggest that summer precipitation and winter snowpack in Glacier National Park (Glacier NP), Montana, vary significantly over decadal to multi-decadal timescales. Because instrumental records for the region are limited to the 20th century, knowledge of the range of variability associated with these moisture anomalies and their impacts on ecosystems and physical processes are limited. We developed a reconstruction of summer (June - August) moisture variability spanning A.D. 1540-2000 from a multi-species network of tree-ring chronologies in Glacier NP. Decadal-scale drought and pluvial regimes were defined as any event lasting 10 yrs or greater, and the significance of each potential regime was assessed using intervention analysis. Intervention analysis prevents single intervening years of average or opposing moisture conditions from ending what was otherwise a sustained moisture regime. The reconstruction shows numerous decadal-scale shifts between persistent drought and wet events prior to the instrumental period (before A.D. 1900). Notable wet events include a series of three long-duration, high-magnitude pluvial regimes spanning the end of the Little Ice Age (A.D. 1770-1840). Though the late-19th century was marked by a series of > 10 yr droughts, the single most severe dry event occurred in the early-20th century (A.D. 1917-1941). These decadal-scale dry and wet events, in conjunction with periods of high and low snowpack, have served as a driver of ecosystem processes such as forest fires and glacial dynamics in the Glacier NP region. NTIS Drought; Ecosystems; Glaciers; National Parks; Variability

20100017476 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and Model Reanalysis Products Roberts, J. Brent; Robertson, F. R.; Clayson, C. A.; March 17, 2010; 19 pp.; In English; USA Clivar-SeaFlux workshop, 17-19 Mar. 2010, Boulder, CO, USA Report No.(s): M10-0300; M10-0508; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017476 Recent investigations have examined observations in an attempt to determine when and how the ocean forces the

117 atmosphere, and vice versa. These studies focus primarily on relationships between sea surface temperature anomalies and the turbulent and radiative surface heat fluxes. It has been found that both positive and negative feedbacks, which enhance or reduce sea surface temperature anomaly amplitudes, can be generated through changes in the surface boundary layer. Consequent changes in sea surface temperature act to change boundary layer characteristics through changes in static stability or turbulent fluxes. Previous studies over the global oceans have used coarse-resolution observational and model products such as ICOADS and the NCEP Reanalysis. This study focuses on documenting the atmosphere ocean feedbacks that exist in recently produced higher resolution products, namely the SeaFlux v1.0 product and the NASA Modern Era Retrospective- Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). It has been noted in recent studies that evidence of oceanic forcing of the atmosphere exists on smaller scales than the usually more dominant atmospheric forcing of the ocean, particularly in higher latitudes. It is expected that use of these higher resolution products will allow for a more comprehensive description of these small-scale ocean-atmosphere feedbacks. The SeaFlux intercomparisons have revealed large scatter between various surface flux climatologies. This study also investigates the uncertainty in surface flux feedbacks based on several of these recent satellite based climatologies Author Air Water Interactions; Feedback; Oceans; Sea Surface Temperature; Variations; Flux (Rate)

20100017700 Meteorological Satellite Center, Kiyose, Japan Monthly Report of the Meteorological Satellite Center: December 2009 December 2009; In English; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The CD-ROMs contain the Monthly Report of observation data derived from Multi-Function Transport Satellite (MTSAT-IR) and the polar orbital meteorological satellite NOAA. This December 2009 Monthly Report contains image data observed by the following 4 channels and processed satellite product data from the observation data: IR: Infrared(10.3- 11.3um), VS: Visible(0.55-0.90um), WV: Water Vapor(6.5-7.0um), SW: 3.8 micron image(3.5-4.0um). The CD-ROMs contain the following data: Full Disk Earth’s Cloud Image, Cloud Image of Japan and its Vicinity, Cloud Motion Wind, Water Vapor Motion Wind, HRIT Image Data Catalog TOVS (TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) Vertical Proﬁle of Temperature and Precipitable Water, TOVS Total Ozone Amount, Aerosol Optical Thickness, Snow and Ice Index, Sea Surface Temperature, and Cloud Grid Information Author Atmospheric Sounding; Meteorological Satellites; Satellite Sounding; Meteorological Parameters

20100017701 Meteorological Satellite Center, Kiyose, Japan Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note. No 54. 2010 March 2010; 46 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The Meteorological Satellite Center (MSC) of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) has been producing Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMY) by using the successive images of geostationary satellites since 1978. At present, JMAJMSC generates four types of AMVs, IR AMVs, WV AMVs, VIS AMVs and SWIR AMVs, which are derived from Infrared (IR: 10.8 microns), Water Vapor (WV: 6.8 microns), Visible (VIS: 0.63 microns) and Short-wave Infrared (SWIR: 3.8 microns) images of MTSAT-1R. The AMV data is important observational wind data for Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP). Hence, the data is used as assimilation data in the NWP models of JMA, and foreign numerical prediction centers, such as the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), UK Meteorological Office (UKMO), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and so forth. This paper describes the new AMV derivation schemes introduced in the upgrade at 05UTC on 19 May 2009 as well as reviews all of the current AMV derivation algorithms. The algorithms were upgraded in three ways. The ﬁrst upgrade was of a height assignment scbeme for high- and middle-level IR AMVs, which is linked to the cloud-tracking process. This upgrade led to improvement of the AMV quality, particularly, reduction of fast wind speed bias at middle level and increase of AMV at high level. Second, the optimum resizing of image segments for tracking clouds/water vapor patterns mitigated the large slow wind speed bias of high level IR and WV AMVs in winter hemispheres compared to the previous AMVs. Third, the derivation area was expanded from 50S-50N and 90E-170W to 60S-60N and 90E-170W, which led to the possibility of providing AMV data for higher latitude for users. The current algorithms are applied to the ongoing AMV reprocess for GMS-l, -3, -4 and -5, and GOES-9 and MTSAT-1R at JMA/MSC. The reprocessed AMVs will be provided for the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) which is scheduled for between 2009 and 2012, and the Sustained, Coordinated Processing of Environmental Satellite Data for Climate Monitoring (SCOPE-CM). Author Atmospheric Circulation; Geosynchronous Orbits; Meteorological Satellites; Numerical Weather Forecasting; Synchronous Platforms; Weather Forecasting; Wind Velocity; Climate

118 20100017705 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA The NASA Short-Term Prediction Research and Transition (SPoRT) Center: Opportunities for Collaboration in the Great Lakes Region Molthan, Andrew L.; Mar. 22, 2010; 16 pp.; In English; 2010 Great Lakes 18th Annual Operational Meteorology Workshop, 22-24 Mar. 2010, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0444; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017705 The presentation slides include: The SPoRT Center, History and Future of SPoRT, Great Lakes Applications, Great Lakes Forecasting Issues, Applications to the WRF-EMS, Precipitation Science, Lake Effect Precipitation, Sensitivity to Microphysics, Exploring New Schemes, Opportunities for Collaboration, and SPoRT Research and Development. Derived from text Weather Forecasting; Environmental Monitoring; Environment Models

20100017715 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA CloudSat: the Cloud Proﬁling Radar Mission Im, Eastwood; Durden, Stephen L.; Tanelli, Simone; October 16, 2006; 5 pp.; In English; 2006 CIE International Conference proceedings on Radar, 16-19 Oct. 2006, Shanghai, China; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41545 The Cloud Proﬁling Radar (CPR), the primary science instrument of the CloudSat Mission, is a 94-GHz nadir-looking radar that measures the power backscattered by clouds as a function of distance from the radar. This instrument will acquire a global time series of vertical cloud structure at 500-m vertical resolution and 1.4-km horizontal resolution. CPR will operate in a short-pulse mode and will yield measurements at a minimum detectable sensitivity of -28 dBZ. Author Vertical Distribution; Cloud Physics; CloudSat; Time Series Analysis

20100017768 Hawaii Univ. Systems, Honolulu, HI, USA Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Frequency Climate Processes in the Pacific Schneider, N.; June 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-04ER63862 Report No.(s): DE2010-957086; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The report summarized recent findings with respect to Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Frequency Climate Processes in the Pacific, with focus on the dynamics of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, oceanic adjustments and the coupled feedback in the western boundary current of the North and South Pacific, decadal dynamics of oceanic salinity, and tropical processes with emphasis on the Indonesian Throughflow. NTIS Climate; Diagnosis; Greenhouse Effect; Low Frequencies; Oceans; Oscillations; Periodic Variations; Predictions; Research Management

20100017794 Department of Energy, Germantown, MD, USA Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste Glass Shoulders, W. T.; Fox, K. M.; September 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC09-08SR22470 Report No.(s): DE2009-966776; SRNL-STO-2009-00569. REV 0; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Informa- tion Bridge Individual raw data streams from instrumentation at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Climate Research Facility (ACRF) fixed and mobile sites are collected and sent to the Data Management Facility (DMF) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for processing in near-real time. Raw and processed data are then sent approximately daily to the ACRF Archive, where they are made available to users. For each instrument, we calculate the ratio of the actual number of data records received daily at the archive to the expected number of data records. The results are tabulated by (1) individual data stream, site, and month for the current year and (2) site and fiscal year (FY) dating back to 1998. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) requires national user facilities to report time-based operating data. The requirements concern the actual hours of operation (ACTUAL); the estimated maximum operation or uptime goal (OPSMAX), which accounts for

119 planned downtime; and the VARIANCE (1 - (ACTUAL/OPSMAX)), which accounts for unplanned downtime. The OPSMAX time for the third quarter of FY 2009 for the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site is 2,074.80 hours (0.95 x 2,184 hours this quarter); for the North Slope Alaska (NSA) locale it is 1,965.60 hours (0.90 x 2,184); and for the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) locale it is 1,856.40 hours (0.85 x 2,184). The ARM Mobile Facility (AMF) was officially operational May 1 in Graciosa Island, the Azores, Portugal, so the OPSMAX time this quarter is 1390.80 hours (0.95 x 1464). The differences in OPSMAX performance reflect the complexity of local logistics and the frequency of extreme weather events. It is impractical to measure OPSMAX for each instrument or data stream. Data availability reported here refers to the average of the individual, continuous data streams that have been received by the Archive. Data not at the Archive are caused by downtime (scheduled or unplanned) of the individual instruments. Therefore, data availability is directly related to individual instrument uptime. Thus, the average percentage of data in the Archive represents the average percentage of the time (24 hours per day, 91 days for this quarter) the instruments were operating this quarter. Because the AMF operates episodically, the AMF statistics are reported separately and are not included in the aggregate average with the fixed sites. The AMF statistics for this reporting period were not available at the time of this report. The third quarter comprises a total of 2,184 hours for the fixed sites. The average well exceeded our goal this quarter. NTIS Air Pollution; Atmospheric Chemistry; Data Processing; Glass; Molybdenum; Sulfur

20100017795 Department of Energy, Germantown, MD, USA Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility Operations, Quarterly Report, July 1 - September 30, 2009 September 2009; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2009-966769; DOE/SC-ARM/P-09-016; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Individual raw data streams from instrumentation at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Climate Research Facility (ACRF) fixed and mobile sites are collected and sent to the Data Management Facility (DMF) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for processing in near-real time. Raw and processed data are then sent approximately daily to the ACRF Archive, where they are made available to users. For each instrument, we calculate the ratio of the actual number of data records received daily at the Archive to the expected number of data records. The results are tabulated by (1) individual data stream, site, and month for the current year and (2) site and fiscal year (FY) dating back to 1998. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) requires national user facilities to report time-based operating data. The requirements concern the actual hours of operation (ACTUAL); the estimated maximum operation or uptime goal (OPSMAX), which accounts for planned downtime; and the VARIANCE (1 - (ACTUAL/OPSMAX)), which accounts for unplanned downtime. The OPSMAX time for the fourth quarter of FY 2009 for the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site is 2,097.60 hours (0.95 x 2,208 hours this quarter). The OPSMAX for the North Slope Alaska (NSA) locale is 1,987.20 hours (0.90 x 2,208) and for the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) locale is 1,876.8 hours (0.85 x 2,208). The ARM Mobile Facility (AMF) was officially operational May 1 in Graciosa Island, the Azores, Portugal, so the OPSMAX time this quarter is 2,097.60 hours (0.95 x 2,208). The differences in OPSMAX performance reflect the complexity of local logistics and the frequency of extreme weather events. It is impractical to measure OPSMAX for each instrument or data stream. Data availability reported here refers to the average of the individual, continuous data streams that have been received by the Archive. Data not at the Archive result from downtime (scheduled or unplanned) of the individual instruments. Therefore, data availability is directly related to individual instrument uptime. Thus, the average percentage of data in the Archive represents the average percentage of the time (24 hours per day, 92 days for this quarter) the instruments were operating this quarter. Because the AMF operates episodically, the AMF statistics are reported separately and not included in the aggregate average with the fixed sites. The fourth quarter comprises a total of 2,208 hours for the fixed and mobile sites. The average of the fixed sites well exceeded our goal this quarter. The AMF data statistic requires explanation. Since the AMF radar data ingest software is being modified, the data are being stored in the DMF for data processing. Hence, the data are not at the Archive; they are anticipated to become available by the next report. NTIS Atmospheric Chemistry; Atmospheric Radiation; Climate; Data Processing; Radiation Measurement; Research Facilities

120 20100017797 Tennessee Univ., Knoxville, TN, USA; Ecological Society of America, USA; Environmental Defense Fund, Inc., Washington, DC, USA; Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA Review of the Office of Research and Development’s Global Change Research Program at the U.S. Envionmental Protection Agency. Final Report. BOSC Subcommittee on Global Change Research March 27, 2006; 76 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107701; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy The objective of this review of the Global Change Research Program was to evaluate the relevance, quality, performance, scientiﬁc leadership, and resources of the Program. It was conducted by a subcommittee established by the Board of Scientiﬁc Counselors (BOSC) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Office of Research and Development (ORD). The Global Change Subcommittee responded to a series of questions organized around two fundamental questions: 1. Is the Program engaged in the ‘right work’. 2. Does the Program conduct its research and assessment activities ‘well’. NTIS Climate Change; Protection

20100017800 Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA; State Soil and Water Conservation Commission, Barron, WI, USA Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Special Emphasis on Responses of a Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading and Water Level Robertson, D. M.; Rose, W. J.; Fitzpatrick, F. A.; January 2009; 50 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107643; USGS-SIR-2009-5077; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Silver Lake is typically an oligotrophic-to-mesotrophic, soft-water, terminal lake in northwestern Wisconsin. A terminal lake is a closed-basin lake with surface-water inflows but no surface-water outflows to other water bodies. After several years with above-normal precipitation, very high water levels caused flooding of several buildings near the lake and erosion of soil around much of the shoreline, which has been associated with a degradation in water quality (increased phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations and decreased water clarity). To gain a better understanding of what caused the very high water levels and degradation in water quality and collect information to better understand the lake and protect it from future degradation, the U.S. Geological Survey did a detailed study from 2004 to 2008. This report describes results of the study; specifically, lake-water quality, historical changes in water level, water and phosphorus budgets for the two years monitored in the study, results of model simulations that demonstrate how changes in phosphorus inputs affect lake-water quality, and the relative importance of changes in hydrology and changes in the watershed to the water quality of the lake. NTIS Hydrology; Lakes; Phosphorus; Silver; Water; Water Quality; Wisconsin

20100017801 Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA; Whitefish Lake Conservation Organization, Inc., Gordon, WI, USA Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wisconsin, with Special Emphasis on Responses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading and Water Level Roberston, D. M.; Rose, W. J.; Juckem, P. F.; January 2009; 56 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107644; USGS-SIR-2009-5089; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Whitefish Lake, which is officially named Bardon Lake, is an oligotrophic, soft-water seepage lake in northwestern Wisconsin, and classified by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources as an Outstanding Resource Water. Ongoing monitoring of the lake demonstrated that its water quality began to degrade (increased phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations) around 2002 following a period of high water level. To provide a better understanding of what caused the degradation in water quality, and provide information to better understand the lake and protect it from future degradation, the U.S. Geological Survey did a detailed study from 2004 to 2008. The goals of the study were to describe the past and present water quality of the lake, quantify water and phosphorus budgets for the lake, simulate the potential effects of changes in phosphorus inputs on the lake’s water quality, analyze changes in the water level in the lake since 1900, and relate the importance of changes in climate and changes in anthropogenic (human-induced) factors in the watershed to the water quality of the lake. NTIS Hydrology; Lakes; Phosphorus; Seepage; Water; Water Quality; Wisconsin

121 20100017802 Water Supply Solutions,Inc., Gainesville, FL, USA Ocklawaha River Basin Rainfall Yield Analysis January 2008; 19 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107720; SJ-2008-SP8; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The primary purpose of this technical memorandum (TM) is to report the results of an investigation of the relationship between total annual rainfall and total annual yield of the Ocklawaha River Basin. This investigation was performed to support discussions and decisions concerning the possible development of water supplies from the Lower Ocklawaha River. The Lower Ocklawaha River is described as the portion of the Ocklawaha River extending from its conﬂuence with the Silver River downstream to the St. Johns River and is the focus of this investigation. The analysis is based on average annual water year discharge records published by the USA Geological Survey (USGS) and total annual water year rainfall depths derived from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) monthly rainfall records. NTIS Rain; River Basins; Supplying; Water

20100017826 New Orleans Univ., LA, USA Proceedings: USA-Mexico Workshop on the Deepwater Physical Oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico Mooers, Christopher N. K.; Lugo-Fernandez, Alexis; June 2007; 164 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): 1435-00-01-CA-39526 Report No.(s): PB2010-107336; OCS/MMS-2010/001; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The activities of the offshore oil & gas industry in the Gulf of Mexico have intensified and extended further offshore in recent decades, creating new challenges for marine resource and environmental management and new opportunities for marine scientific research. These opportunities include the study of the circulation of the Gulf of Mexico in its full glory of powerful mean current jets, fronts, and mesoscale eddies and their interactions with steep bottom topography; the Mississippi- Atchafalaya River plume; and the passage of tropical cyclones in the summer and cold fronts in the winter. Observations and numerical modeling of the Gulfs circulation suggest that observations and models must be linked to generate sound estimates of the spatially complex and temporally variable circulation. American and Mexican offshore oil & gas exploration and production has spread from the inner continental shelf regions to the continental slope and now to the deep Gulf. In recent years, both American and Mexican scientific investigations of the circulation have extended into deeper waters, too. Hence, American and Mexican offshore industries, environmentalists, and research scientists share an interest in a comprehensive description, understanding, and predictive capability for the Gulf circulation. With both the USA and Mexico planning further extensive field and modeling studies in the near-future, it was thought timely to conduct a workshop to discuss recent results and coordinate plans, with the hope that more of the space-time variability could be characterized than otherwise would be possible by either country alone. NTIS Gulf of Mexico; Ocean Dynamics; Oceanography; Water Depth

20100017836 Department of Energy, Germantown, MD, USA Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility Operations. Quarterly Report, October 1 - December 31, 2009 January 2009; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2010-970392; DOE/SC-ARM/P-010-001; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Individual raw data streams from instrumentation at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program Climate Research Facility (ACRF) fixed and mobile sites are collected and sent to the Data Management Facility (DMF) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for processing in near real-time. Raw and processed data are then sent approximately daily to the ACRF Archive, where they are made available to users. For each instrument, we calculate the ratio of the actual number of data records received daily at the Archive to the expected number of data records. The results are tabulated by (1) individual data stream, site, and month for the current year and (2) site and fiscal year (FY) dating back to 1998. NTIS Atmospheric Radiation; Climate; Radiation Measurement; Research Facilities

122 20100017880 Air Resource Specialists, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, USA; ICF International, Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Meteorological and Air Quality Data for the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: CART Analysis of Modeling Episode Days Douglas, S. G.; Belle Hudischewskyj, A.; Haney, J. L.; December 2009; 38 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107391; OCS/MMS-2009/058; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report summarizes the combined analysis of photochemical modeling results and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis results for selected areas along the Gulf Coast. The objective of this analysis was to use the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) results developed as part of the MMS-sponsored data synthesis study (Volume III of this report) to assess the frequency of occurrence of the conditions that lead to impacts of emissions from oil-and-gas-related sources located within the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) region on 8-hour ozone concentrations at onshore locations, based on photochemical modeling results using the 2005 Gulfwide emission inventory (Haney et al., 2008). In this analysis, the CART results were used to classify and assess the frequency of occurrence of the modeled days, based on the frequency of occurrence of similar days in the multi-year dataset. The frequency with which the impacts simulated by the photochemical model are expected to occur was then estimated based on the frequency of the similar meteorological conditions. This analysis also examined whether significant impacts (that may make the difference between a non-exceedance day and an exceedance day) are expected to be more or less frequent with the new ozone standard, based on the frequency of occurrence of the meteorological conditions leading to these impacts. NTIS Air Quality; Atmospheric Diffusion; Carts; Data Bases; Gulf of Mexico; Meteorological Parameters; Meteorology

20100017881 Air Resource Specialists, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, USA; ICF International, Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Meteorological and Air Quality Data for the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: Data Analysis Douglas, S. G.; Haney, J. L.; Belle Hudischewskyj, A.; Wei, Y. H.; December 2009; 281 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107390; OCS/MMS-2009/057; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Minerals Management Service (MMS), together with the oil and gas industry, have collected a variety of meteorological, air quality, and emission inventory data for the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) region. These data span the years 1988 to present, and have been used to support various air quality related data analysis and modeling activities. The focus of this data synthesis study was to assemble these data, as well as other data available from federal, state, and oil and gas industry studies and databases, into a coherent dataset, so that an integrated analysis of the data could be conducted. It is expected that this integrated dataset will provide the basis for an improved understanding of the relationships between meteorology, emissions, and air quality in the Gulf of Mexico region and support future regulatory data and modeling analyses related to ozone, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and regional haze. The data synthesis study also included some basic analysis of the data, which was conducted in order to ensure the integrity and usability of the dataset. The analyses were also intended to provide new information about meteorological and air quality conditions in the GOM region, including the relationships between meteorology, emissions, and air quality revealed by the data. The specific goals of the data analysis task were to use the integrated dataset to (1) examine the relationships between meteorology, emissions, and air quality in the GOM region, (2) confirm and/or advance prior conceptual descriptions related to ozone, particulate matter, and regional-haze air quality issues along the Gulf Coast and in the Breton National Wilderness Area, (3) identify gaps in the data/knowledge bases, and (4) recommend future data analyses. Two companion reports summarize the preparation and workings of the integrated dataset and associated database tool in the form of a Users Manual and Technical Reference Manual. This document presents the methods, results, and key findings from the data analysis tasks. NTIS Air Quality; Data Bases; Gulf of Mexico; Meteorological Parameters; Meteorology

20100017883 Air Resource Specialists, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, USA; ICF International, Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Meteorological and Air Quality Data for the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Quality Database Davis-Noland, B.; Ward, J.; Adlhoch, J.; December 2009; 57 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107389; OCS/MMS-2009/056; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This manual provides details on the delivered components of the GMAQDB and how the application was developed and

123 tested. Although installation instructions are provided, it is assumed that security and other policies within MMS will prevent the installation of a turn-key system. Therefore, also included are suggestions for conﬁguration changes and source code modiﬁcations that might be helpful to meet policy requirements. Details for implementing the system as a stand-alone, single-user solution are also provided. NTIS Air Quality; Atmospheric Diffusion; Data Bases; Gulf of Mexico; Manuals; Meteorological Parameters; Meteorology

20100017884 Air Resource Specialists, Inc., Fort Collins, CO, USA; ICF International, Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Meteorological and Air Quality Data for the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Quality Database (Version 1.0) Davis-Noland, B.; Ward, J.; Adlhoch, J.; December 2009; 77 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107388; OCS/MMS-2009/055; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This manual provides instructions for using the database tool in several sections. This section and Sections 2 through 6 are intended for general users and cover general data information, step-by-step instructions for retrieving data, and details regarding the various output products available. Section 7 provides detailed instructions to the Oracle database administrator (DBA) or other technical users for using the database tool to add data to the system. NTIS Air Quality; Atmospheric Diffusion; Data Bases; Gulf of Mexico; Manuals; Meteorological Parameters; Meteorology; User Manuals (Computer Programs)

20100017893 Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA; Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK; Scott Polar Research Inst., Cambridge, UK; Institut fuer Angewandte Geodaesie, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: 1947-2009 Gerrigno, Jane G.; Cook, Alison J.; Mathie, Amy M.; Williams, Richard S., Jr.; Swithinbank, Charles; January 2009; 33 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107061; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Reduction in the area and volume of the two polar ice sheets is intricately linked to changes in global climate, and the resulting rise in sea level could severely impact the densely populated coastal regions on Earth. Antarctica is Earth’s largest reservoir of glacial ice. Melting of the West Antarctic part alone of the Antarctic ice sheet would cause a sea-level rise of approximately 6 meters (m), and the potential sea-level rise after melting of the entire Antarctic ice sheet is estimated to be 65 m to 73 m. Shepherd and Wingham (2007) discussed change in the Antarctic ice sheet as part of the global picture, and Jenkins and Holland (2007) discussed the real potential of sea-level rise from the melting of ﬂoating ice such as ice shelves and icebergs. The mass balance (the net volumetric gain or loss) of the Antarctic ice sheet is highly complex, responding differently to different climatic and other conditions in each region. In a review paper, Rignot and Thomas (2002) concluded that the West Antarctic ice sheet is probably becoming thinner overall; although it is known to be thickening in the west, it is thinning in the north. NTIS Antarctic Regions; Coasts; Glaciers

51 LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to plant and animal biology (non-human); ecology; microbiology; and also the origin, development, structure, and maintenance of animals and plants in space and related environmental conditions. For speciﬁc topics in life sciences see categories 52 through 55.

20100017049 California Univ., Los Angeles, CA USA California Parkinson’s Disease Registry Pilot Project - Southern California Ascertainment Ritz, Beate; Mar 2010; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-07-1-0005 Report No.(s): AD-A517363; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The primary goal of this proposal is to conduct a pilot study for the legally mandated statewide population-based PD registry. This is one of two linked proposals, submitted by the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) and the

124 Parkinson’s Institute. For this proposal by UCLA, the work funded is being conducted in Kern, Tulare and Fresno counties. Thus far a total of 2,741 PD cases in these three counties have been identiﬁed from legally mandated sources (health care institutions, physicians and other providers). A secure prototype database has been established. Exploratory investigations will be conducted on the association between PD and toxicant chemical exposure by linking to a database of toxicant chemicals established previously by UCLA based on California state data (e.g. the pesticide use databases). Differences in patterns of PD care will be assessed among groups deﬁned by age, gender, place of residence and, as possible, socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. DTIC Diseases; Exposure; Data Bases; Health; Toxicity

20100017190 Ciencia, Inc., East Hartford, CT USA Cytometer on a chip Lynes, Michael A., Inventor; Fernandez, Salvador M., Inventor; February 2, 2010; 13 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNJ04JA14C Patent Info.: Filed June 16, 2006; US-Patent-7,655,421; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/454,329; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017190 An assay technique for label-free, highly parallel, qualitative and quantitative detection of specific cell populations in a sample and for assessing cell functional status, cell-cell interactions and cellular responses to drugs, environmental toxins, bacteria, viruses and other factors that may affect cell function. The technique includes a) creating a first array of binding regions in a predetermined spatial pattern on a sensor surface capable of specifically binding the cells to be assayed; b) creating a second set of binding regions in specific spatial patterns relative to the first set designed to efficiently capture potential secreted or released products from cells captured on the first set of binding regions; c) contacting the sensor surface with the sample, and d) simultaneously monitoring the optical properties of all the binding regions of the sensor surface to determine the presence and concentration of specific cell populations in the sample and their functional status by detecting released or secreted bioproducts. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Assaying; Cells (Biology); Cytology; Cytometry; Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; Medical Electronics

20100017350 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Exercise Fixture with Weight Stack Newby, Nate; Leach, Mark; Fincke, Renita; Sharp, Carwyn; September 2009; 34 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19017; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017350 HEF with weight stack seems to be a very sturdy and reliable exercise device that should function well in a bed rest training setting. A few improvements should be made to both the hardware and software to improve usage efficiency, but largely, this evaluation has demonstrated HEF’s robustness. The hardware offers loading to muscles, bones, and joints, potentially sufficient to mitigate the loss of muscle mass and bone mineral density during long-duration bed rest campaigns. With some minor modiﬁcations, the HEF with weight stack equipment provides the best currently available means of performing squat, heel raise, prone row, bench press, and hip ﬂexion/extension exercise in a supine orientation. Author Bed Rest; Physical Exercise; Fixtures; Muscles; Bone Mineral Content; Bones

20100017558 Acorda Therapeutics, Inc., Hawthorne, NY USA Methods for Treating Congestive Heart Failure Marchionni, Mark, Inventor; Kelly, Ralph, Inventor; Lorell, Beverly, Inventor; Sawyer, Douglas B., Inventor; February 16, 2010; 35 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed August 22, 2003; US-Patent-7,662,772; US-Patent-Appl-SN-10/646,268; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017558 The invention features methods of treating or preventing congestive heart failure by administering a polypeptide

125 containing an epidermal growth factor-like domain encoded by a neuregulin gene. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Heart Diseases; Polypeptides; Cardiology

20100017612 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross-Talk with the ATM and WNT Pathways Carra, Claudio; Wang, Minli; Huff, Janice L.; Hada, Megumi; ONeill, Peter; Cucinotta, Francis A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 21st Annual NASA Space Radiation Investigators’ Meeting, 16-19 May 2010, Port Jefferson, NY, USA Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20561; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Signal transduction controls cellular and tissue responses to radiation. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) is an important regulator of cell growth and differentiation and tissue homeostasis, and is often dis-regulated in tumor formation. Mathematical models of signal transduction pathways can be used to elucidate how signal transduction varies with radiation quality, and dose and dose-rate. Furthermore, modeling of tissue speciﬁc responses can be considered through mechanistic based modeling. We developed a mathematical model of the negative feedback regulation by Smad7 in TGFbeta-Smad signaling and are exploring possible connections to the WNT/beta -catenin, and ATM/ATF2 signaling pathways. A pathway model of TGFbeta-Smad signaling that includes Smad7 kinetics based on data in the scientiﬁc literature is described. Kinetic terms included are TGFbeta/Smad transcriptional regulation of Smad7 through the Smad3-Smad4 complex, Smad7-Smurf1 translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm, and Smad7 negative feedback regulation of the TGFO receptor through direct binding to the TGFO receptor complex. The negative feedback controls operating in this pathway suggests non-linear responses in signal transduction, which are described mathematically. We then explored possibilities for cross-talk mediated by Smad7 between DNA damage responses mediated by ATM, and with the WNT pathway and consider the design of experiments to test model driven hypothesis. Numerical comparisons of the mathematical model to experiments and representative predictions are described. Author Crosstalk; Genetics; Kinetics; Mathematical Models; Negative Feedback; Transferring; Regulatory Mechanisms (Biology)

52 AEROSPACE MEDICINE Includes the biological and physiological effects of atmospheric and space ﬂight (weightlessness, space radiation, acceleration, and altitude stress) on the human being; and the prevention of adverse effects on those environments. For psychological and behavioral effects of aerospace environments, see 53 Behavioral Sciences. For the effects of space on animals and plants see 51 Life Sciences.

20100017121 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Infectious Disease Risk Associated with Space Flight Pierson, Duane L.; April 13, 2010; 86 pp.; In English; Infectious Disease Risk Associated with Space Flight, 13-14 Apr. 2010, Columbus, OH, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20386; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A05, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017121 This slide presentation opens with views of the shuttle in various stages of preparation for launch, a few moments after launch prior to external fuel tank separation, a few pictures of the earth,and several pictures of astronomical interest. The presentation reviews the factors effecting the risks of infectious disease during space flight, such as the crew, water, food, air, surfaces and payloads and the factors that increase disease risk, the factors affecting the risk of infectious disease during spaceflight, and the environmental factors affecting immunity, such as stress. One factor in space infectious disease is latent viral reactivation, such as herpes. There are comparisons of the incidence of viral reactivation in space, and in other analogous situations (such as bed rest, or isolation). There is discussion of shingles, and the pain and results of treatment. There is a further discussion of the changes in microbial pathogen characteristics, using salmonella as an example of the increased virulence of microbes during spaceflight. A factor involved in the risk of infectious disease is stress. CASI Microorganisms; Pathogens; Risk; Space Flight; Virulence; Viruses; Stress (Physiology); Space Flight Stress; Viral Diseases

20100017251 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA IT Challenges for Space Medicine or How do We Protect Medical Information and Still Get Useful Work Done? Johnson-Throop, Kathy A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; NASA IT Summit 2010, 16-18 Aug. 2010, Washington, DC, USA Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20541; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Space Medicine provides healthcare services of various types for astronauts throughout their lifetime starting from the

126 time they are selected as astronauts. IT challenges include: protection of private medical information, access from locations both inside and outside NASA, nearly 24x7 access, access during disasters, international partner access, data archiving, off-region backup, secure communication of medical data to people outside the NASA system (e.g. expert consultants), efficient movement of medical record information between locations, search and retrieval of relevant information, and providing all of these services/capabilities within a limited budget. In Space Medicine, we have provided for these in various ways: limit the amount of private medical information stored locally, utilize encryption mechanisms that the international partners can also use, utilize 2-factor authentication, virtualize servers, employ concept-based search, and use of standardized terminologies (SNOMED) and messaging (HL7). Author Aerospace Medicine; Standardization; Astronauts; Computer Information Security; Disasters; Cryptography

20100017349 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) Norcross, Jason R.; Lee, Lesley R.; Clowers, Kurt G.; Morency, Richard M.; Desantis, Lena; De Witt, John K.; Jones, Jeffrey A.; Vos, Jessica R.; Gernhardt, Michael L.; August 2009; 53 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19003; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017349 The primary objective of this study was to collect human performance data and produce a crew consensus regarding the feasibility of performing a suited 10-km walkback. All subjects completed the 10-km walkback in less than 2 hours and completed the test with little difficulty working at about 50% VOZpk. A secondary objective of the study was to understand the specific human performance limitations of the suit compared to matched unsuited controls. Preliminary analysis indicated that the metabolic cost of the suit was significant compared to unsuited controls. Weight-matched unsuited trials provided an initial estimate accounting for the metabolic cost of the suit due to weight, but additional factors such as inertial mass, CG alterations, pressure-volume work, and suit kinematic constraints could not be isolated. Additional tests will be performed to evaluate these other suit related factors. Another secondary objective was to collect metabolic and GRF data to allow development of an EVA simulator to be used on future prebreathe protocol verification tests. This study provided an initial characterization of suited ambulation but future tests will be needed to understand other EVA related tasks. Proving human performance and suit biomechanical data for use in suit and portable life support system (PLSS) design was another secondary objective. Baseline ambulation metabolic rates will Author Pressure Suits; Human Performance; Life Support Systems; Portable Life Support Systems; Extravehicular Activity; Biodynamics

20100017354 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA EVA Physiology, Systems and Performance [EPSP] Project Gernhardt, Michael L.; [2010]; 105 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20468; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A06, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017354 This viewgraph presentation gives a general overview of the biomedical and technological challenges of Extravehicular Activity (EVA). The topics covered include: 1) Prebreathe Protocols; 2) Lunar Suit Testing and Development; and 3) Lunar Electric Rover and Exploration Operations Concepts. CASI Extravehicular Activity; Physiology; Manned Space Flight; Aerospace Medicine; General Overviews

20100017571 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Rhythm Problems During Spaceflight Platts, Steven H.; Stenger, Michael B.; Phillips, Tiffany R.; Brown, Angela K.; Arzeno, Natalia M.; Levine, Benjamin; Summers, Richard; [2009]; 15 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-19062; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017571 Very little research has systematically evaluated the prevalence (or potential risk) of cardiac arrhythmias during space flight. There are several observational reports of non life-threatening but potentially concerning arrhythmias. At least two potential risk factors for arrhythmias have been reported either during or immediately after space flight: cardiac atrophy and

127 a prolonged QTc interval. The potential severity of the mission impact of a serious arrhythmia requires that a systematic evaluation be conducted of the risk of arrhythmia due to space ﬂight. Author Arrhythmia; Cardiovascular System; Astronauts; Heart; In-Flight Monitoring; Long Duration Space Flight; Physical Exercise; Coronary Artery Disease; Risk

20100017577 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA C-9 and Other Microgravity Simulations Hecht, Sharon, Editor; Reeves, Jacqueline M., Editor; Spector, Elisabeth, Editor; September 2009; 145 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-18858; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A07, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017577 This document represents a summary of medical and scientiﬁc evaluations conducted aboard the C-9 and other NASA-sponsored aircraft from June 2008 to June 2009. Included is a general overview of investigations manifested and coordinated by the Human Adaptation and Counter-measures Division. A collection of brief reports that describe tests conducted aboard the NASA-sponsored aircraft follows the overview. Principal investigators and test engineers contributed signiﬁcantly to the content of the report, describing their particular experiment or hardware evaluation. Although this document follows general guidelines, each report format may vary to accommodate differences in experiment design and procedures. This document concludes with an appendix that provides background information concerning the Reduced Gravity Program. Acknowledgments Derived from text Microgravity; Weightlessness Simulation; Biological Effects; Physiological Effects; Gravitational Physiology; Gravitational Effects

20100017678 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA Force Health Protection: Nutrition and Exercise Resource Manual Singh, Anita; Bennett, Tamara L.; Deuster, Patricia A.; September 1999; 166 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516936; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) It is my great pleasure to present the first edition of Force Health Protection: Nutrition and Exercise Resource Manual . Wellness and health promotion are high priority goals for the Navy. Maintaining personal fitness and sensible nutrition habits is essential to this goal. After the Authors’ The Navy SEAL Nutrition Guide and The Navy Seal Physical Fitness Guide received great acclaim within the Special Warfare community, we felt that a general instructor’s guide applicable to all Navy personnel would be very beneficial. The resulting publication provides a common sense approach to achieving improved health for Navy personnel. DTIC Health; Nutrition; Physical Exercise; Physical Fitness

20100017679 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA Peak Performance Through Nutrition and Exercise Singh, Anita; Bennett, Tamara L.; Deuster, Patricia A.; September 1999; 134 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516933; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This guide has been prepared to assist you in your efforts to gain or maintain a high level of physical fitness by combining sound nutritional and physical fitness practices. An overview of basic nutrition and physical fitness programs including aerobic conditioning and strength training are provided. Information for designing exercise programs for individuals at various levels of physical fitness is provided in this guide. Because deployment is part of a Navy career, the importance of nutrition and exercise in maintaining physical readiness when deployed is discussed in Chapters 10 and 12. Also, many people take nutritional supplements to enhance physical performance. The benefits and risks associated with using performance enhancing

128 supplements is discussed in Chapter 14. In another chapter (Chapter 15) women’s issues such as nutrition and exercise during pregnancy and lactation are discussed. Moreover, resources used to prepare this including websites for various Naval Commands and Civilian organizations involved in health promotions, are provided in Appendix D. DTIC Nutrition; Physical Exercise; Physical Fitness

20100017681 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Experiment (SURGE) Preliminary Findings Hurst, Victor; Dulchavsky, Scott; Garcia, Kathleen; Sargsyan, Ashot; Ebert, Doug; October 30, 2009; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20521; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017681 To date, diagnostic quality ultrasound images were obtained aboard the International Space Station (ISS) using the ultrasound of the Human Research Facility (HRF) rack in the Laboratory module. Through the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity (ADUM) and the Braslet-M Occlusion Cuffs (BRASLET SDTO) studies, non-expert ultrasound operators aboard the ISS have performed cardiac, thoracic, abdominal, vascular, ocular, and musculoskeletal ultrasound assessments using remote guidance from ground-based ultrasound experts. With exploration class missions to the lunar and Martian surfaces on the horizon, crew medical officers will necessarily need to operate with greater autonomy given communication delays (round trip times of up to 5 seconds for the Moon and 90 minutes for Mars) and longer periods of communication blackouts (due to orbital constraints of communication assets). The SURGE project explored the feasibility and training requirements of having non-expert ultrasound operators perform autonomous ultrasound assessments in a simulated exploration mission outpost. The project aimed to identify experience, training, and human factors requirements for crew medical officers to perform autonomous ultrasonography. All of these aims pertained to the following risks from the NASA Bioastronautics Road Map: 1) Risk 18: Major Illness and Trauna; 2) Risk 20) Ambulatory Care; 3) Risk 22: Medical Informatics, Technologies, and Support Systems; and 4) Risk 23: Medical Skill Training and Maintenance. Derived from text Autonomy; Bioastronautics; International Space Station; Research Facilities; Ultrasonics; Aerospace Medicine; Remote Control

20100017825 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography on International Space Station Hamilton, Douglas R.; Sargsyan, Ashot E.; Martin, David; Garcia, Kathleen M.; Melton, Shannon; Feiverson, Alan; Dulchavsky, Scott A.; May 09, 2010; 23 pp.; In English; 2010 Aerospace Medical Association, 9-13 May 2010, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNJ04HB07A; SMS00301 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20618; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017825 A number of echocardiographic research projects and experiments have been flown on almost every space vehicle since 1970, but validation of standard methods and the determination of Space Normal cardiac function has not been reported to date. Advanced Diagnostics in Microgravity (ADUM) -remote guided echocardiographic technique provides a novel and effective approach to on-board assessment of cardiac physiology and structure using a just-in-time training algorithm and real-time remote guidance aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The validation of remotely guided echocardiographic techniques provides the procedures and protocols to perform scientific and clinical echocardiography on the ISS and the Moon. The objectives of this study were: 1.To confirm the ability of non-physician astronaut/cosmonaut crewmembers to perform clinically relevant remotely guided echocardiography using the Human Research Facility on board the ISS. 2.To compare the preflight, postflight and in-flight echocardiographic parameters commonly used in clinical medicine. Author Echocardiography; Heart Function; Microgravity; Spacecrews; Astronauts; Clinical Medicine; Diagnosis; Real Time Operation

129 53 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Includes psychological factors; individual and group behavior; crew training and evaluation; and psychiatric research.

20100017059 American Psychiatric Inst. for Research and Education, Arlington, VA USA A Comprehensive Approach in Dissemination of Evidence-Based Care for PTSD Duffy, Farifteh; Sep 2009; 55 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-08-1-0399 Report No.(s): AD-A517347; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The purpose of this study is to pilot test practice improvement approaches for management of PTSD in military behavioral health treatment settings. This project also targets depression, which is highly comorbid with PTSD. Key evidence-based recommendations from the US Departments of Veterans Affairs and Defense (VA/DoD) Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of PTSD and 3 other major practice guidelines were identiﬁed by a team of PTSD experts convened by APIRE. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were selected as screening, diagnosis and severity monitoring instruments for PTSD and depression, respectively. Performance Improvement in Practice (PIP) tools to inform evidence-based assessment and management of PTSD and depression have been developed and published. APIRE will recruit 20 mental health providers and their key clinical staff from selected MTFs for three interactive CME sessions, modeled after the Institute for Health care Improvement Breakthrough Series collaborative methodology. Participants will use the PIP tools to evaluate their practices? capacity to provide evidence-based care and identify potential gaps in the assessment and treatment of PTSD and depression, and explore strategies to implement the PCL-C and PHQ-9 for routine screening and management of PTSD and depression. We are currently compiling required documentation for MEDCOM authorization for brief site visits of potential demonstration sites. DTIC Stress (Psychology); Psychological Factors; Psychological Effects

54 MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT Includes human factors engineering, bionics, man-machine systems, life support, space suits and protective clothing. For related information see also 16 Space Transportation and Safety and 52 Aerospace Medicine.

20100016976 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Using a Computer Game for Research on Culture and Team Adaptability: Lessons Learned from A NATO Experiment Warren, Rik; Sutton, Janet; February 2008; 14 pp.; In English; RTO Human Factors and Medicine Panel (HFM) Symposium on Adaptability in Coalition Teamwork, 21 - 28 Apr. 2008, Copenhagen, Denmark, Denmark Contract(s)/Grant(s): 62202F Report No.(s): AD-A516508; AFRL-RH-WP-TP-2010-0008; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) No abstract available Adaptation; Computers; Lessons Learned; Military Technology; North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); Research and Development

20100017068 NASA, Washington, DC USA Contaminated water treatment Gormly, Sherwin J., Inventor; Flynn, Michael T., Inventor; February 2, 2010; 8 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed September 28, 2006; US-Patent-7,655,145; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/543,275; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017068 Method and system for processing of a liquid (‘contaminant liquid’) containing water and containing urine and/or other contaminants in a two step process. Urine, or a contaminated liquid similar to and/or containing urine and thus having a relatively high salt and urea content is passed through an activated carbon filter to provide a resulting liquid, to remove most of the organic molecules. The resulting liquid is passed through a semipermeable membrane from a membrane first side to a membrane second side, where a fortified drink having a lower water concentration (higher osmotic potential) than the resulting liquid is positioned. Osmotic pressure differential causes the water, but not most of the remaining inorganic (salts)

130 contaminant(s) to pass through the membrane to the fortiﬁed drink. Optionally, the resulting liquid is allowed to precipitate additional organic molecules before passage through the membrane. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Urine; Water; Water Treatment; Contaminants; Activated Carbon; Puriﬁcation; Filtration

20100017101 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Human Population of Space and its Impact on Survival Probabilities Curreri, Peter A.; March 14, 2010; 15 pp.; In English; Earth and Space 2010 Conference, 14-17 Mar. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0203; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017101 Two contemporary issues foretell a shift from our historical Earth based industrial economy and habitation to a solar system based society. The first is the limits to Earth s carrying capacity, that is the maximum number of people that the Earth can support before a catastrophic impact to the health of the planet and human species occurs. The simple example of carrying capacity is that of a bacterial colony in a Petri dish with a limited amount of nutrient. The colony experiences exponential population growth until the carrying capacity is reached after which catastrophic depopulation often results. Estimates of the Earth s carrying capacity vary between 14 and 40 billion people. Although at current population growth rates we may have over a century before we reach Earth s carrying limit our influence on climate and resources on the planetary scale is becoming scientifically established. The second issue is the exponential growth of knowledge and technological power. The exponential growth of technology interacts with the exponential growth of population in a manner that is unique to a highly intelligent species. Thus, the predicted consequences (world famines etc.) of the limits to growth have been largely avoided due to technological advances. However, at the mid twentieth century a critical coincidence occurred in these two trends humanity obtained the technological ability to extinguish life on the planetary scale (by nuclear, chemical, biological means) and attained the ability to expand human life beyond Earth. This paper examines an optimized O Neill/Glaser model (O Neill 1975; Curreri 2007; Detweiler and Curreri 2008) for the economic human population of space. Critical to this model is the utilization of extraterrestrial resources, solar power and spaced based labor. A simple statistical analysis is then performed which predicts the robustness of a single planet based technological society versus that of multiple world (independent habitats) society. Author Extraterrestrial Resources; Statistical Analysis; Population Theory; Habitats; Climate; Health; Solar System

20100017184 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Cascade Distillation Subsystem Development: Early Results from the Exploration Life Support Distillation Technology Comparison Test Callahan, Michael R.; Patel, Vipul; Pickering, Karen D.; [2010]; 12 pp.; In English; 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 439906.04.02.04 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20039; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017184 In 2009, the Cascade Distillation Subsystem (CDS) wastewater processor (Honeywell International, Torrance, California) was assessed in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Exploration Life Support (ELS) distillation comparison test. The purpose of the test was to collect data to support down-selection and development of a primary distillation technology for application in a lunar outpost water recovery system. The CDS portion of the comparison test was conducted between May 6 and August 19, 2009. The system was challenged with two pretreated test solutions, each intended to represent a feasible wastewater generated in a surface habitat. The 30-day equivalent wastewater loading volume for a crew of four was intended to be processed for each wastewater solution. Test Solution 1 consisted of a mixed stream containing human-generated urine and humidity condensate. Test Solution 2 contained the addition of human-generated hygiene wastewater to the solution 1 waste stream components. Approximately 1500 kg of total wastewater was processed through the CDS during testing. Respective recoveries per solution were 93.4 +/- 0.7 and 90.3 +/- 0.5 percent. The average speciﬁc energy of the system during testing was calculated to be less than 120 W-hr/kg. The following paper provides detailed information and data on the performance of the CDS as challenged per the ELS distillation comparison test. Author Life Support Systems; Waste Water; Water Reclamation; Distillation; Distillation Equipment; Water Treatment; Puriﬁcation

131 20100017234 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight Operations Enterprise Supply Chain Tucker, Brian; Paxton, Joseph; [2010]; 9 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0293; IEEEAC Paper 1658; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources This paper will present a Supply Chain Readiness Level (SCRL) model that can be used to evaluate and conﬁgure adaptable and sustainable program and mission supply chains at an enterprise level. It will also show that using SCRL in conjunction with Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs), Manufacturing Readiness Levels (MRLs) and National Aeronautics Space Administrations (NASA s) Project Lifecycle Process will provide a more complete means of developing and evaluating a robust sustainable supply chain that encompasses the entire product, system and mission lifecycle. In addition, it will be shown that by implementing the SCRL model, NASA can additionally deﬁne supplier requirements to enable effective supply chain management (SCM). Developing and evaluating overall supply chain readiness for any product, system and mission lifecycle is critical for mission success. Readiness levels are presently being used to evaluate the maturity of technology and manufacturing capability during development and deployment phases of products and systems. For example, TRLs are used to support the assessment of the maturity of a particular technology and compare maturity of different types of technologies. MRLs are designed to assess the maturity and risk of a given technology from a manufacturing perspective. In addition, when these measurement systems are used collectively they can offer a more comprehensive view of the maturity of the system. While some aspects of the supply chain and supply chain planning are considered in these familiar metric systems, certain characteristics of an effective supply chain, when evaluated in more detail, will provide an improved insight into the readiness and risk throughout the supply chain. Therefore, a system that concentrates particularly on supply chain attributes is required to better assess enterprise supply chain readiness. Author Technology Assessment; Product Development; Manufacturing; Management; Space Missions; Flight Operations

20100017236 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight Operations Enterprise Supply Chain Tucker, Brian; March 6, 2010; 14 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0320; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017236 Standard approach to evaluate and conﬁgure adaptable and sustainable program and mission supply chains at an enterprise level. End-to-end view. Total Lifecycle. Evaluate the readiness of the supply chain during the supply chain development phase. Author Flight Operations; Space Missions; Product Development; Management Systems

20100017254 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Spacecraft Water Quality Gazda, Daniel B.; Nolan, Daniel J.; Rutz, Jeffrey A.; Schultz, John R.; Siperko, Lorraine M.; Porter, Marc D.; Lipert, Robert J.; Flint, Stephanie M.; McCoy, J. Torin; [2010]; 2 pp.; In English; Inter-Society Color Council Meeting 2010, 14-18 Jun. 2010, Princeton, NJ, USA Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20566; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only In August 2009, an experimental water quality monitoring kit based on Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE) technology was delivered to the International Space Station (ISS). The kit, called the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK), was launched as a Station Development Test Objective (SDTO) experiment to evaluate the suitability of CSPE technology for routine use monitoring water quality on the ISS. CSPE is a sorption-spectrophotometric technique that combines colorimetric reagents, solid-phase extraction, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to quantify trace analytes in water samples. In CSPE, a known volume of sample is metered through a membrane disk that has been impregnated with an analyte-specific colorimetric reagent and any additives required to optimize the formation of the analyte-reagent complex. As the sample flows through the membrane disk, the target analyte is selectively extracted, concentrated, and complexed. Formation of the analyte-reagent complex causes a detectable change in the color of the membrane disk that is proportional to the amount of analyte present in the sample. The analyte is then quantified by measuring the color of the membrane disk surface using a hand-held diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer (DRS). The CWQMK provides the capability to measure the

132 ionic silver (Ag +) and molecular iodine (I2) in water samples on-orbit. These analytes were selected for the evaluation of CSPE technology because they are the biocides used in the potable water storage and distribution systems on the ISS. Biocides are added to the potable water systems on spacecraft to inhibit microbial growth. On the USA (US) segment of the ISS molecular iodine serves as the biocide, while the Russian space agency utilizes silver as a biocide in their systems. In both cases, the biocides must be maintained at a level sufficient to control bacterial growth, but low enough to avoid any negative effects on crew health. For example, the presence of high levels of iodine in water can cause taste and odor issues that result in decreased water consumption by the crew. There are also concerns about potential impacts on thyroid function following exposure to high levels of iodine. With silver, there is a risk of developing argyria, an irreversible blue-gray discoloration of the skin, associated with long term consumption of water containing high concentrations of silver. The need to ensure that safe, effective levels of biocide are maintained in the potable water systems on the ISS provides a perfect platform for evaluating the suitability of CSPE technology for in-flight water quality monitoring. This paper provides an overview of CSPE technology and details on the silver and iodine methods used in the CWQMK. It also reports results obtained during in-flight analyses performed with the CWQMK and briefly discusses other potential applications for CSPE technology in both the spacecraft and terrestrial environments. Author Water Quality; Colorimetry; Microorganisms; Potable Water; Reagents; Spectrophotometry; Water Consumption; Bacteria; International Space Station

20100017418 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Victoria, Australia Aerosol Penetration Through Protective Fabrics Jamriska, Milan; September 2009; 37 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516731; DSTO-TR-2348; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516731 The aerosol penetration efficiency and quality factor for three Chemical Biological Radiological protective fabrics were evaluated using a particle counting technique. Both parameters characterise aerosol penetration through tested material; the latter accounts for the effect of fabrics air permeability. The overall and size dependent penetrations of 0.03-3 micrometers sized Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and Di-Ethyl-Hexyl-Sebacate (DEHS) aerosols were measured through fabrics at three different constant air face velocities (5, 10 and 25 cm/s). Penetration was size dependent with the most penetrating particle size (MPPS) at about 0.5 micrometers. Increasing the air face velocity increased the penetration of ultraﬁne particles, decreased penetration of the supermicrometer particles and shifted the MPPS towards smaller diameters. The quality factors were governed by air permeability. The fabrics with higher permeability showed higher quality factor values, thus indicating better protection for a given air pressure drop. The observed dependencies were generally in good agreement with air ﬁltration theory. DTIC Aerosols; Fabrics; Penetration; Protective Clothing

20100017516 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Development Lunar Portable Life Support System Conger, Bruce; Chullen, Cinda; Barnes, Bruce; Leavitt, Greg; [2010]; 31 pp.; In English; 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20447; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017516 The latest development of the NASA space suit is an integrated assembly made up of primarily a Pressure Garment System (PGS) and a Portable Life Support System (PLSS). The PLSS is further composed of an oxygen (O2) subsystem, a ventilation subsystem, and a thermal subsystem. This paper baselines a detailed schematic of the PLSS to provide a basis for current and future PLSS development efforts. Both context diagrams and detailed schematics describe the hardware components and overall functions for all three of the PLSS subsystems. The various modes of operations for the PLSS are also presented. A comparison of the proposed PLSS to the Apollo and Shuttle PLSS designs is presented, highlighting several anticipated improvements over the historical PLSS architectures. Author Portable Life Support Systems; Space Suits; Systems Engineering; Lunar Surface; Extravehicular Activity

133 20100017702 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity on Human Performance in Simulated Lunar Gravity Chappell, Steven P.; Norcross, Jason R.; Gernhardt, Michael L.; May 9, 2010; 32 pp.; In English; Aerospace Medical Association Annual Meeting, 9-13 May 2010, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20529; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017702 The presentation slides include: Moving Past Apollo, Testing in Analog Environments, NEEMO/NBL CG (center of gravity) Studies, Center of Gravity Test Design and Methods, CG Suited Locations and Results, CG Individual Considerations, CG Shirt-Sleeve Locations and Results. CASI Center of Gravity; Human Performance; Lunar Gravitation; Extravehicular Activity

20100017829 National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, USA; Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Training and Education for the Protection of Workers Robson, Lynda; Stephenson, Carol; Schulte, Paul; Amick, Ben; Chan, Stella; January 2010; 148 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107337; DHHS/PUB/NIOSH-2010-127; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Occupational health and safety (OHS) training is an important part of managing workplace hazards and risks. Such training may involve instruction on identifying occupational risks and how to control them, learning about safe workplace practices and how to properly use personal protective equipment. Businesses want to know whether training can meet the goals of decreasing workplace injuries and illness, and whether the cost of training programs can be justified. This systematic review was conducted to determine whether OHS training and education programs have a beneficial effect on workers and firms. The review showed that: (1) Workplace education and training programs have a positive impact on OHS practices of workers. However, there is not enough high quality evidence to show whether OHS training on its own has an impact on health (for example, by reducing injuries or symptoms). (2) There is currently insufficient evidence to determine whether a single session of high engagement training has a greater impact compared to a single session of low/medium engagement training. NTIS Education; Hazards; Personnel; Procedures; Protection; Safety

55 EXOBIOLOGY Includes astrobiology; planetary biology; and extraterrestrial life. For the biological effects of aerospace environments on humans see 52 Aerospace Medicine; on animals and plants see 51 Life Sciences. For psychological and behavioral effects of aerospace environments see 53 Behavioral Sciences.

20100017562 Agrihouse, Inc., Berthoud, CO USA Phytometric intelligence sensors Seelig, Hans-Dieter, Inventor; Stoner, II, Richard J., Inventor; Hoehn, Alexander, Inventor; Adams, III, William Walter, Inventor; February 9, 2010; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC8-242 Patent Info.: Filed March 6, 2007; US-Patent-7,660,698; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/714,490; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017562 Methods and apparatus for determining when plants require watering, and methods of attending to the watering of plants including signaling the grower that the plants are in need of hydration are provided. The novel methods include real-time measurement of plant metabolics and phytometric physiology changes of intrinsic physical or behavioral traits within the plant such as determining physiological flux measurement of enzyme flux due to environmental changes such as the wind and drought stress, soil and plant mineral deficiencies, or the interaction with a bio-control for organic disease control including, cell movement, signal transduction, internal chemical processes and external environmental processes including when plants

134 require watering, and methods of attending to the watering of plants including signaling the grower that the plants are in need of hydration. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Plant Physiology; Hydration; Chemical Reactions; Soils; Minerals; Enzymes

59 MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes general topics and overviews related to mathematics and computer science. For speciﬁc topics in these areas see categories 60 through 67.

20100017054 National Agricultural Statistics Service, Washington, DC, USA Searching for Donors: Refining an Imputation Strategy Hogye, Michael; Quan, Peter; August 2009; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105494; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy For editing data from the 2007 U.S. Census of Agriculture, USDA/NASS built upon the foundation it laid for the 2002 Ag Census, when it ventured for the first time into editing and imputation on a large scale. Institutional acceptance of automated data correction was hindered in 2002 by problems inherent in establishing an entirely new enterprise-level processing system. Changes for 2007 were thus focused on making the system more responsive and reliable. This paper is an overview of improvements facilitated by development of a new imputation subsystem. New tools were provided---within the framework of decision logic tables (DLTs) built by NASS---not only to make donor data available directly to DLTs, but also to improve donor selection, especially through stratification. A variety of SAS techniques achieved better speed in identifying and retrieving nearest neighbors. NTIS Refining; Census; Identifying; Editing; Spectroscopic Analysis

20100017087 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA IceT Users’ Guide and Reference Moreland, K.; June 2009; 144 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94-AL85000 Report No.(s): DE2010-970256; SAND2009-3170; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Image Composition Engine for Tiles (IceT) is a high-performance sort-last parallel rendering library. In addition to providing accelerated rendering for a standard display, IceT provides the unique ability to generate images for tiled displays. The overall resolution of the display may be several times larger than any viewport that may be rendered by a single machine. This document is an overview of the user interface to IceT. NTIS Computer Graphics; Image Processing

20100017132 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA Solution to Monthly Problem 11410 Bailey, David H.; Borwein, Jonathan M.; February 09, 2009; 2 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-05CH11231 Report No.(s): DE2009-963542; LBNL-2140E; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge No abstract available Numerical Analysis; Problem Solving

20100017154 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Numerical Algorithms for Free Boundary Problems of Obstacle Types Bozorgnia, F.; January 2009; 96 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106007; TRITA-MAT-09-MA-01; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis consists of four scientiﬁc papers concerning numerical methods for certain free boundary problems. The

135 papers include mathematical analysis of different approximations of the problems and the description of numerical implementation along with numerical results. NTIS Algorithms; Boundary Value Problems; Free Boundaries

20100017372 Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA Educational Technology in Public School Districts: Fall 2008. First Look Gray, Lucinda; Lewis, Laurie; January 2008; 68 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106745; NCES-2010-003; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy This report provides national data on the availability and use of educational technology in public school districts during fall 2008. The data are the results of a national district-level survey that is one of a set that includes district, school, and teacher surveys on educational technology. Every year between 1994 and 2005 (with the exception of 2004), the Office of Educational Technology (OET) in the U.S. Department of Education asked the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) to conduct a survey of public schools to track access to information technology in schools and classrooms. NCES used its Fast Response Survey System (FRSS) to conduct these surveys. For fall 2008, this OET-sponsored technology study was redesigned and expanded to incorporate surveys at the district, school, and teacher levels. These three surveys provide complementary information and together cover a broader range of topics than would be possible with one survey alone. Prior to 2008, the surveys focused on computer and Internet access and use, as well as procedures to prevent student access to inappropriate material on the Internet and teacher professional development on technology use. The set of 2008 surveys collected data on availability and use for a range of educational technology resources, such as district and school networks, computers, devices that enhance the capabilities of computers for instruction, and computer software. NTIS Education; Schools

20100017379 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Topological Combinatorics Engstrom, Alexander; January 2009; 114 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106021; TRITA-MAT-09-MA-05; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) During the last century the levels of abstraction in mathematics have increased considerably. While we still want to solve easily stated problems whose solutions can be applied in other sciences, we have also developed very abstract tools which are hard to prove useful even within mathematics. In topological combinatories we want to build bridges for using topological machinery to answer combinatorial questions, and sometimes the other way around. I have included seven papers on this theme in the thesis. Before the summary of the papers there are short introductions with literature suggestions on discrete More theory, equivariant methods, and independence complexes. NTIS Combinatorial Analysis; Topology

20100017384 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Limit Theorems for Ergodic Group Actions and Random Walks Bjorklund, Michael; January 2009; 128 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106019; TRITA-MAT-09-MA-06; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis consists of an introduction, a summary and 7 papers. The papers are devoted to problems in ergodic theory, equidistribution on compact manifolds and random walks on groups. NTIS Ergodic Process; Hypotheses; Theorems

20100017385 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Regularity Properties of Two-Phase Free Boundary Problems Lindgren, Erik; January 2009; 120 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106018; TRITA-MAT-09-MA-07; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis consists of four papers which are all related to the regularity properties of free boundary problems. The

136 problems considered have in common that they have some sort of two-phase behaviour. NTIS Boundary Value Problems; Free Boundaries; Regularity

20100017386 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Moduli Spaces of Zero-Dimensional Geometric Objects Lundkvist, Christian; January 2009; 108 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106017; TRITA-MAT-09-MA-09; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The topic of this thesis is the study of moduli spaces of zero-dimensional geometric objects. The thesis of three articles each focusing on a particular moduli space. NTIS Geometry; Arithmetic; Algebra

20100017388 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Contributions to the Stochastic Maximum Principle Andersson, Daniel; January 2009; 124 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106015; TRITA-MAT-09-MS-12; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis consists of four papers treating the maximum principle for stochastic control problems. In the ﬁrst paper we study the optimal control of a class of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) of mean-ﬁeld type, where the coefficients are allowed to depend on the law of the process. In the second paper, we study the problem of controlling a linear SDE where the coefficients are random and not necessarily bounded. The third paper generalizes the second one by adding a singular control process to the SDE. In the fourth paper we consider a general singular control. NTIS Stochastic Processes; Maximum Principle; Differential Equations

20100017390 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Inverse Problems in Analytic Interpolation for Robust Control and Spectral Estimation Karlsson, Johan; January 2009; 160 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106013; TRITA-MAT-08-OS-09; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis is divided into two parts. The ﬁrst part deals with the Nevanlinna-Pick interpolation problem, a problem which occurs naturally in several applications such as robust control, signal processing and circuit theory. We consider the problem of shaping and approximating solutions to the Nevanlinna-Pick problem in a systematic way. In the second part, we study distance measures between power spectra for spectral estimation. We postulate a situation where we want to quantify robustness based on a ﬁnite set of covariances, and this leads naturally to considering the weak*-topology. Several weak(star) -continuous metrics are proposed and studied in this context. NTIS Interpolation; Spectra; Dynamic Control; Control Theory

20100017391 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Problems in Number Theory Related to Mathematical Physics Olofsson, Rikard; January 2009; 126 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106012; TRITA-MAT-08-MA-12; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Section 1.1 is intended to give a very brief and general introduction, accessible to non-experts, of the subject of number theory. In Section 1.2, Section 1.3 and Section 1.4 we will try to give relevant background material to Paper I, Papers II and III, and Paper IV, respectively. These introductions are more technical and require more mathematical knowledge. NTIS Number Theory; Theoretical Physics

137 20100017392 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Cofinality Properties of Categories of Chain Complexes Nordstrom, Fredrik; January 2009; 74 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106011; TRITA-MAT-08-MA-13; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis treats a family of categories, the chain categories of an A-module M, and functors indexed by them. Among the chain categories are two classical constructions; the category of finitely generated projective A-modules, and the category of finitely generated free A-modules, here denoted by Po(0) and Sing(0) respectively. The focus of this thesis is on how to construct homotology colimits of functors indexed by chain categories, and taking values in non-negative chain complexes of A-modules. NTIS Homology; Manifolds (Mathematics)

20100017393 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Interlaced Particles in Tilings and Random Matrices Nordenstam, Eric; January 2009; 114 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106010; TRITA-MAT-08-MA-14; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This theis consists of three articles all related in some way to eigenvalues of random matrices and their principal minors and also to tilings of various planar regions with dominoes or rhombuses. NTIS Eigenvalues; Matrices (Mathematics)

20100017394 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Properties of the Discrete and Continuous Spectrum of Differential Operators Enblom, Andreas; January 2009; 114 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106009; TRITA-MAT-09-MA-02; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis contains three scientiﬁc papers devoted to the study of differential spectral theoretical aspects of differential operators in Hilbert space. NTIS Continuous Spectra; Differential Equations; Hilbert Space; Operators (Mathematics)

20100017395 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden A Parameterization of Positive Real Residue Interpolants with McMillan Degree Constraint Kuroiwa, Yohei; January 2009; 136 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106006; TRITA-MAT-09-OS-04; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The main body of this thesis consists of six appended papers. The papers are about the theory of the positive real interpolation with McMillan degree constraint. NTIS Interpolation; Parameterization; Residues

20100017689 Newcastle Univ., Newcastle, UK Fault Tolerance Reuse During Refinement Lopatkin, Ilya; Iliasov, Alexei; Romanovsky, Alexander; February 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Report No.(s): PB2010-106085; CS-TR-1188; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Complex modern applications have to be developed to be dependable to meet their requirements and the expectations of their users. An important part of this is their ability to deal with various threats (such as faults in the system environment, operator’s mistakes, underlying hardware and software support problems). Development of modern applications is complicated by the need for systematic and rigorous integration of fault tolerance measures. The paper focuses on reuse of fault tolerance modeling. First, it introduces the idea of general modeling templates, reflecting abstract views on system behaviour with respect to faults. These templates are used during system detalisation (refinement) to capture the user’s view

138 on system external behaviour. Secondly, it proposes to use a library of concrete modeling patterns allowing the developers to systematically integrate specific fault tolerance mechanisms (e.g. recovery blocks, checkpoints, exception handling) into the models. The proposed solutions are linked to the Event-B method and demonstrated using a case study. NTIS Fault Tolerance; Reflection; Refining

20100017697 National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD USA Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, January-February 2010, Volume 115, No. 1 February 28, 2010; 64 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106978; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy ;This edition of the Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology contains: An Iterative Image Registration Algorithm by Optimizing Similarity Measurement; Comparison Between the NIST and the KEBS for the Determination of Air Kerma Calibration Coefficients for Narrow X-Ray Spectra and 137C’s Gamma-Ray Beams; Improving Interoperability by Incorporating UnitsML Into Markup Languages; and Assessment of Uncertainties for the NIST 1016 mm Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus: Extended Analysis for Low-Density Fibrous-Glass Thermal Insulation. NTIS Document Markup Languages; Iterative Solution

20100017714 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three-Body Problem and Space Mission Design Gomez, G.; Koon, W. S.; Lo, Martin W.; Marsden, J. E.; Masdemont, J.; Ross, S. D.; July 30, 2001; 20 pp.; In English; AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialtists Conference, 30 Jul. - 2 Aug. 2001, Quebec City, Canada; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): F49620-99-1-0190; 2000SGR-00027; NSF KDI/ATM-9873133; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41546 The invariant manifold structures of the collinear libration points for the spatial restricted three-body problem provide the framework for understanding complex dynamical phenomena from a geometric point of view. In particular, the stable and unstable invariant manifold ‘tubes’ associated to libration point orbits are the phase space structures that provide a conduit for orbits between primary bodies for separate three-body systems. These invariant manifold tubes can be used to construct new spacecraft trajectories, such as ‘Petit Grand Tour’ of the moons of Jupiter. Previous work focused on the planar circular restricted three-body problem. The current work extends the results to the spatial case. Author Manifolds (Mathematics); Space Missions; Mission Planning; Spacecraft Trajectories; Three Body Problem; Dynamic Characteristics; Collinearity; Spacecraft Structures

20100017785 Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, USA Federal Information Security and Data Breach Notiﬁcation Laws, January 28, 2010 Stevens, Gina; January 28, 2010; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107295; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The following report describes information security and data breach notiﬁcation requirements included in the Privacy Act, the Federal Information Security Management Act, Office of Management and Budget Guidance, the Veterans Affairs Information Security Act, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, and the Fair Credit Reporting Act. Also included in this report is a brief summary of the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS), an industry regulation developed by VISA, MasterCard, and other bank card distributors. NTIS Computer Information Security; Laws; Security

20100017789 Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Autonomy on People’s Responses to Embodied Social Agents Cramer, Henriette; Kemper, Nicander; Amin, Alia; Evers, Vanessa; Wielinga, Bob; April 2009; 32 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107139; INS-E0904; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Embodied social agents are programmed to display human-like social behaviour to increase intuitiveness of interacting

139 with these agents. It is not yet clear to what extent people respond to agents’ social behaviours. One example is touch. Despite robots’ embodiment and increasing autonomy, the effect of communicative touch has been a mostly overlooked aspect of human-robot interaction. This video-based, 2x2 between subject survey experiment (N=119) found that the combination of touch and proactivity influenced whether people saw the robot as machine-like and dependable. Participants attitude towards robots in general also influenced perceived closeness between humans and robots. Results show that communicative touch is considered a more appropriate behaviour for proactive agents rather than reactive agents. Also, people that are generally more positive towards robots find robots that interact by touch less machine-like. These effects illustrate that careful consideration is necessary when incorporating social behaviours in agents’ physical interaction design. NTIS Autonomy; Robots; Touch; Reactivity; Behavior

20100017796 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional Numerical Model for Assessment of Water Flow and Contaminant Transport in the Unsaturated Zone Rood, Arthur S.; March 2005; 78 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-99ID13727 Report No.(s): DE2009-966757; ICP/EXT-05-00748; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This report describes the Mixing Cell Model code, a one-dimensional model for water flow and solute transport in the unsaturated zone under steady-state or transient flow conditions. The model is based on the principles and assumptions underlying mixing cell model formulations. The unsaturated zone is discretized into a series of independent mixing cells. Each cell may have unique hydrologic, lithologic, and sorptive properties. Ordinary differential equations describe the material (water and solute) balance within each cell. Water flow equations are derived from the continuity equation assuming that unit-gradient conditions exist at all times in each cell. Pressure gradients are considered implicitly through model discretization. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and moisture contents are determined by the material-specific moisture characteristic curves. Solute transport processes include explicit treatment of advective processes, first-order chain decay, and linear sorption reactions. Dispersion is addressed through implicit and explicit dispersion. Implicit dispersion is an inherent feature of all mixing cell models and originates from the formulation of the problem in terms of mass balance around fully mixed volume elements. Expressions are provided that relate implicit dispersion to the physical dispersion of the system. NTIS Contaminants; Mathematical Models; Migration; Multiphase Flow; Radioactive Isotopes; Soils; Water; Water Flow

20100017806 National White Collar Crime Center, Glen Allen, VA, USA; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, DC, USA IC3 (Internet Crime Complaint Center) Internet Crime Report, January 1-December 31, 2006 January 2007; 27 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107313; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In December 2003, the Internet Fraud Complaint Center (IFCC) was renamed the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) to better reflect the broad character of such criminal matters having a cyber (Internet) nexus. The 2006 Internet Crime Report is the sixth annual compilation of information on complaints received and referred by the IC3 to law enforcement or regulatory agencies for appropriate action. From January 1, 2006 December 31, 2006, the IC3 website received 207,492 complaint submissions. This is a 10.4% decrease when compared to 2005 when 231,493 complaints were received. These filings were composed of fraudulent and non-fraudulent complaints primarily related to the Internet. In 2006, IC3 processed more than 200,481 complaints that support Internet crime investigations by law enforcement and regulatory agencies nationwide. These complaints were composed of many different fraud types such as auction fraud, non-delivery, and credit/debit card fraud, as well as non-fraudulent complaints, such as computer intrusions, spam/unsolicited e-mail, and child pornography. All of these complaints are accessible to federal, state, and local law enforcement to support active investigations, trend analysis, and public outreach and awareness efforts. From the submissions, IC3 referred 86,279 complaints of crime to federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies around the country for further consideration. The vast majority of cases were fraudulent in nature and involved a financial loss on the part of the complainant. The total dollar loss from all referred cases of fraud was $198.44 million with a median dollar loss of $724.00 per complaint. This is up from $183.12 million in total reported losses in 2005. NTIS Crime; Internets

140 20100017808 Department of Justice, Washington, DC, USA; Federal Bureau of Investigation, Washington, DC, USA IC3 (Internet Crime Complaint Center) 2009 Internet Crime Report, January 1-December 31, 2009 January 2010; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107314; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) From January 1, 2009 through December 31, 2009, the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) Web site received 336,655 complaint submissions. This was a 22.3% increase as compared to 2008 when 275,284 complaints were received. Of the 336,655 complaints submitted to IC3, 146,663 were referred to local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies around the country for further consideration. The vast majority of referred cases contained elements of fraud and involved a financial loss by the complainant. The total dollar loss from all referred cases was $559.7 million with a median dollar loss of $575. This is up from $264.6 million in total reported losses in 2008. Unreferred submissions generally involved complaints in which there was no documented harm or loss (e.g., a complainant received a fraudulent solicitation email but did not act upon it) or complaints where neither the complainant nor perpetrator resided within the USA (i.e., there was not an appropriate domestic law enforcement agency for direct referral).Complaints received by IC3 cover many different fraud and non-fraud categories, including auction fraud, non-delivery of merchandise, credit card fraud, computer intrusions, spam/unsolicited email, and child pornography. All of these complaints are accessible to local, state, and federal law enforcement to support active investigations, trend analysis, and public outreach and awareness efforts. On January 1, 2009, IC3 implemented a new complaint classification system based on a redesigned questionnaire that generates an automatic classification of the complaint into one of 79 offense-based categories. This redesign also resulted in a number of changes to the way the system gathers and classifies complaint data. Further information about these changes can be found in Appendix I of this report. NTIS Crime; Internets

20100017875 Helsinki Univ., Finland Meromorphic Solutions of Difference Painleve Equations Ronkainen, Onni; Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae: Mathematica; January 2010; ISSN 1239-6303; Dissertation, 155; 63 pp.; In English; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources In the past two decades, the interest in nonlinear analytic difference equations has increased, especially in response to the programme of finding some kind of an analogue of the Painleve property of differential equations (see for instance [12]) for difference equations. Despite - and in part, due to - several suggestions, it has become rather clear that such an analogue will not have the clean, short formulation of its model in the field of differential equations. A great number of difference versions of the well-known six Painleve equations have been identified, and they have been found to share various integrability properties. One large open problem is to construct a more systematic framework that would enable easier recognition and classification of such equations. There is no clear agreement in the literature on the notion of integrability’, but instead a number of different approaches leading to slightly different classifications of equations. Some classical properties are, however, quite generally accepted to indicate integrability, such as the existence of related linear problems, Backlund transformations, special solutions, and relations to lattice soliton equations [7, 8, 18]. The working hypothesis in this thesis is that the existence of sufficiently many meromorphic solutions of sufficiently slow growth for a given difference equation is an indicator of that equation being integrable. We will specify the exact meaning of ‘sufficiently slow’ later. This is a well-defined complex analytic property, much like the original Painleve property of differential equations. A paper by Ablowitz, Halburd, and Herbst [1] can be considered a landmark in the application of value distribution theory in the study of difference equations. They observed that all of the relevant discrete difference equations have obvious analytic versions, and hence can be studied using the methods of complex analysis, and in particular those of Nevanlinna’s theory of value distribution. There are few results actually ensuring the existence of meromorphic solutions for a given nonlinear difference equation of order two or higher, but nonetheless such solutions generally seem to exist, which is in stark contrast to the case of differential equations Author Nonlinear Equations; Linear Transformations; Difference Equations; Differential Equations; Classifications; Probability Theory

20100017894 Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands Improving the Parallel Performance of a Domain Decomposition Preconditioning Technique in the Jacobi-Davidson Method for Large Scale Eigenvalue Problems Genseberger, Menno; August 2008; ISSN 1386-3703; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107586; MAS-R0805; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Most computational work in Jacobi-Davidson, an iterative method for large scale eigenvalue problems, is due to a

141 so-called correction equation. In a previous work there is a strategy for the approximate solution of the correction equation was proposed. This strategy is based on a domain decomposition preconditioning technique in order to reduce wall clock time and local memory requirements. This report discusses the aspect that the original strategy can be improved. For large scale eigenvalue problems that need a massively parallel treatment this aspect turns out to be nontrivial. The impact on the parallel performance will be shown by results of scaling experiments up to 1024 cores. NTIS Eigenvalues; Massively Parallel Processors; Parallel Processing (Computers)

20100017895 Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Systems Collins, Pieter J.; June 2008; 30 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107585; MAS-R0804; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In this paper we give an overview of some aspects of chaotic dynamics in hybrid systems, which comprise different types of behaviour. Hybrid systems may exhibit discontinuous dependence on initial conditions leading to new dynamical phenomena. We indicate how methods from topological dynamics and ergodic theory may be used to study hybrid systems, and review existing bifurcation theory for one-dimensional non-smooth maps, including the spontaneous formation of robust chaotic attractors. We present case studies of chaotic dynamics in a switched arrival system and in a system with periodic forcing. NTIS Dynamic Characteristics; Chaos; Mathematical Models; Attractors (Mathematics); Dynamical Systems; Control

60 COMPUTER OPERATIONS AND HARDWARE Includes hardware for computer graphics, ﬁrmware and data processing. For components see 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering. For computer vision see 63 Cybernetics, Artiﬁcial Intelligence and Robotics.

20100017040 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Utilizing the Digital Fingerprint Methodology for Secure Key Generation Anilao, Jennifer C; Mar 2010; 77 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517282; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-02; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This research examines a new way to generate an uncloneable secure key by taking advantage of the delay characteristics of individual transistors. The user profiles the circuit to deduce the glitch count of each output line for each number of selectable buffers added to the circuit. The user can then use this information to generate a specific glitch count on each output line, which is passed to an encryption algorithm as its key. The results detail tests of two configurations for adding a selectable amount of buffers into each glitch circuit in order to induce additional delay. One configuration adds up to seven buffers that is equivalent to the binary digits used on the three SELECT lines of a multiplexer. The second, referred to as the cascaded design, has eight different quantities of selectable buffers, but they all connect to one multiplexer. Each successive line connects to the previous line and adds a certain number of buffers. The linear selection implementation produces almost 15% more usable output lines over the cascaded design, where a usable line is defined as one that has at least one ‘1’ and one ‘0’ glitch count in response to every buffer count. Tests were also performed to determine the optimal number of buffers added to each output using the linear buffer selection configuration. Using three input bits to the buffer unit produced 30.94% usable outputs. Four bits generated nearly 25% more usable outputs, while the use of six bits gave less than a 5% improvement over four bits. The average repeatability of the glitch count is 94.85% using this method. The overall distinguishability of the generated glitch counts for each output line is 10.46%. DTIC Digital Systems; Circuits; Transistors

142 61 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE Includes software engineering, computer programs, routines, algorithms, and speciﬁc applications, e.g., CAD/CAM. For computer software applied to speciﬁc applications, see also the associated category.

20100017003 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple Fractional-N PLL Shuler, Robert L.; Chen, Li; Apr. 12, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Single Event Effects Symposium, 12-14 Apr. 2010, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 432938.09.01.05.03.31 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20199; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017003 We show a reliable on-chip clock multiplier for SEE testing or RHBD applications. Fine control of clock frequency is provided without complex delta-sigma schemes. Conﬂicts that can occur with voted PLLs are discussed, and how to avoid them. Author Calibrating; Programming Environments; Multipliers; Redundancy; Chips (Electronics)

20100017015 Reservoir Labs., Inc., New York, NY USA Checking Model Specifications with CrossCheck Springer, Jonathan; Ezick, James; Craven, Matthew; Buskens, Rick; Sep 2009; 3 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-C-0133; FA8750-07-C-0049 Report No.(s): AD-A517556; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Model simulation frameworks are becoming more common as a way to evaluate the behavior of a complex system prior to its actual implementation. Simulation uncovers design errors early, especially important in embedded environments where post-development errors are costly to fix. While the formalization of a system as a model is becoming more systematized, the characterization of its behavior is still ad hoc. We have applied our dynamic specification checking technology CrossCheck to the CUTS model simulation framework as a way of verifying properties of interest in a model. CrossCheck utilizes a specialized language to express specifications, which are properties about the behavior of the system under check. CrossCheck specifications are compiled to generate a very efficient checking runtime, which receives and processes events from the instrumented CUTS model environment. By combining CrossCheck with the CUTS framework, we were able to develop specifications alongside the model that could be automatically verified during simulation runs. DTIC Simulation; Specifications; Embedding; Errors; Complex Systems

20100017029 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Overview of the Graphical User Interface for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based Risk Model) Kim, Myung-Hee Y.; Cucinotta, Francis A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 21st NASA Space Radiation Investigators’ Workshop, 16-19 May 2010, Port Jefferson, NY, USA Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20429; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The descriptions of biophysical events from heavy ions are of interest in radiobiology, cancer therapy, and space exploration. The biophysical description of the passage of heavy ions in tissue and shielding materials is best described by a stochastic approach that includes both ion track structure and nuclear interactions. A new computer model called the GCR Event-based Risk Model (GERM) code was developed for the description of biophysical events from heavy ion beams at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL). The GERMcode calculates basic physical and biophysical quantities of high-energy protons and heavy ions that have been studied at NSRL for the purpose of simulating space radiobiological effects. For mono-energetic beams, the code evaluates the linear-energy transfer (LET), range (R), and absorption in tissue equivalent material for a given Charge (Z), Mass Number (A) and kinetic energy (E) of an ion. In addition, a set of biophysical properties are evaluated such as the Poisson distribution of ion or delta-ray hits for a specified cellular area, cell survival curves, and mutation and tumor probabilities. The GERMcode also calculates the radiation transport of the beam line for either a fixed number of user-specified depths or at multiple positions along the Bragg curve of the particle. The contributions from primary ion and nuclear secondaries are evaluated. The GERMcode accounts for the major nuclear interaction processes of importance for describing heavy ion beams, including nuclear fragmentation, elastic scattering, and knockout-cascade

143 processes by using the quantum multiple scattering fragmentation (QMSFRG) model. The QMSFRG model has been shown to be in excellent agreement with available experimental data for nuclear fragmentation cross sections, and has been used by the GERMcode for application to thick target experiments. The GERMcode provides scientists participating in NSRL experiments with the data needed for the interpretation of their experiments, including the ability to model the beam line, the shielding of samples and sample holders, and the estimates of basic physical and biological outputs of the designed experiments. We present an overview of the GERMcode GUI, as well as providing training applications. Author Graphical User Interface; Computer Systems Programs; Biophysics; Radiation Transport; Radiobiology; Extraterrestrial Radiation

20100017309 Naval Observatory, Schriever AFB, CO USA Operational Use of the Hadamard Variance in GPS Hutsell, Steven T; Reid, Wilson G; Crum, Jeffrey D; Mobbs, H S; Buisson, James A; Dec 1996; 15 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516917; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516917 With upcoming GPS Block IIR launches scheduled, rubidium clock examination will require more attention than ever before during the next decade of GPS operations GPS Master Control Station (MCS) estimation architecture relies on a three-state polynomial clock model, which does not include a time-variant decay parameter for frequency drift. Since current GPS rubidium frequency standard exhibit signiﬁcant time-dependent frequency drift changes, the MCS is compelled to make precise utilization of the random run process noise parameter, known as q3. The work of various scientists over the past three decades has shown the Hadamard variance to converge for random run FM. At PTTI ‘95, the 2d Space Operations Squadron (2 SOPS) introduced an algorithm that presented a simple, convergent polynomial relationship between the Hadamard variance and the MCS’s Kalman ﬁlter process noise parameters. Until recently, however, neither the Hadamard variance nor the Hadamard-Q equation had actually been put to use in GPS. The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has now created analysis software designed to employ the Hadamard variance in their GPS clock analyses, to supplement their already existing software, which makes use of the Allan variance. This paper presents results of the NRL analysis using both the Allan and Hadamard variances for several operational GPS rubidium frequency standard, as well as results from the recent operational use of the Hadamard-Q equation, by 2 SOPS personnel, based on the NRL analysis data. DTIC Global Positioning System; Variations; Variance (Statistics)

20100017421 Defence Science and Technology Organization, Australia Introduction to the General Campaign Analysis Model (GCAM). Version 3.3 Caunce, James; Searle, Greg; September 2009; 38 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516730; DSTO-GD-0591; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516730 This document gives an introduction to the General Campaign and Analysis Model (GCAM) Version 3.3. GCAM is a set of tools for developing agent-based, time-stepped models of operations. This document is intended to give a general understanding of the way GCAM works, complimenting the existing documentation. Contained in this document are a brief description of the concepts that GCAM employs, a tutorial guiding the reader through an introductory scenario, an indication of features not covered in this document and references for further guidance. DTIC Combat; Simulation

20100017441 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA How to Take HRMS Process Management to the Next Level with Workflow Business Event System Rajeshuni, Sarala; Yagubian, Aram; Kunamaneni, Krishna; April 23, 2006; 7 pp.; In English; Oracle Application Users Group Conference, 23-27 Apr. 2006, Nashville, TN, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41556 Oracle Workflow with the Business Event System offers a complete process management solution for enterprises to manage business processes cost-effectively. Using Workflow event messaging, event subscriptions, AQ Servlet and advanced queuing technologies, this presentation will demonstrate the step-by-step design and implementation of system solutions in

144 order to integrate two dissimilar systems and establish communication remotely. As a case study, the presentation walks you through the process of propagating organization name changes in other applications that originated from the HRMS module without changing applications code. The solution can be applied to your particular business cases for streamlining or modifying business processes across Oracle and non-Oracle applications. Author Commerce; Cost Effectiveness; Data Systems; Applications Programs (Computers); Streamlining; Information Systems; Real Time Operation

20100017551 NASA, Washington, DC USA Automata learning algorithms and processes for providing more complete systems requirements specification by scenario generation, CSP-based syntax-oriented model construction, and R2D2C system requirements transformation Hinchey, Michael G., Inventor; Margaria, Tiziana, Inventor; Rash, James L., Inventor; Rouff, Christopher A., Inventor; Steffen, Bernard, Inventor; February 23, 2010; 47 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed September 28, 2006; US-Patent-7,668,796; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/536,132; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017551 Systems, methods and apparatus are provided through which in some embodiments, automata learning algorithms and techniques are implemented to generate a more complete set of scenarios for requirements based programming. More specifically, a CSP-based, syntax-oriented model construction, which requires the support of a theorem prover, is complemented by model extrapolation, via automata learning. This may support the systematic completion of the requirements, the nature of the requirement being partial, which provides focus on the most prominent scenarios. This may generalize requirement skeletons by extrapolation and may indicate by way of automatically generated traces where the requirement specification is too loose and additional information is required. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Machine Learning; Automata Theory; Computer Programs; Scene Analysis

20100017564 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Simulation and Application of GPOPS for a Trajectory Optimization and Mission Planning Tool Yaple, Danielle E.; March 2010; 114 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517394; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M29; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Rapid trajectory generation is crucial to prompt global warfare. To meet the USAF’s objective of Persistent and Responsive Precision Engagement, a rapid mission planning tool is required. This research creates the framework for the mission planning tool and provides a sample optimal trajectory which is solved using the GPOPS software package. GPOPS employs a Gaussian psuedospectral method to solve the non-linear equations of motion with both end conditions and path constraints. By simultaneously solving the entire trajectory based on an initial guess and small number of nodes, this method is ideal for generating rapid solutions. The sample case is a multi-phase minimum time optimal control problem which is used to validate the planning tool. The developed framework includes different atmospheric models, gravity models, inclusion of no-ﬂyzones and waypoints and the ability to create a library of sample cases. This versatile tool can be used for either trajectory generation or mission analysis. The results of this research show the complexities in solving an optimal control problem with states that change from one phase of the solution to another. The ﬁnal resulting trajectory is calculated from a sectioned method, allowing changes in states to be done outside of the optimal control problem. This method should be the foundation for a state varying complete optimal control problem and the mission planning tool. DTIC Atmospheric Models; Computer Programming; Mission Planning; Simulation; Software Engineering; Trajectory Optimization

20100017570 Lockheed Martin Corp., Cherry Hill, NJ USA SPRUCE: Systems and Software Producibility Collaboration and Experimentation Environment Lardieri, Patrick; Buskens, Rick; Srinivasan, Srini; McKeever, William; Drager, Steven; April 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-C-0064; Proj-SPRU Report No.(s): AD-A517369; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Systems and Software Producibility Collaboration and Experimentation Environment (SPRUCE1) is an open web

145 portal to bring together DoD software developers, users, and software engineering researchers virtually by enabling their collaboration on specifying and solving software producibility challenge problems. SPRUCE is based on the premise that well articulated and technology users and technology providers. Key SPRUCE features are: self-organizing communities of interest (CoI), dynamically evolving challenge problems with accompanying artifacts, and built-in experimentation facilities to reproduce the problems and evaluate solution benchmarks. DTIC Computer Programming; Computer Systems Programs; Software Engineering

20100017665 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Visually Managing IPsec Dell’Accio, Peter J.; March 2010; 146 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516965; AFIT/GCO/ENG/10-06; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516965 The USA Air Force relies heavily on computer networks to transmit vast amounts of information throughout its organizations and with agencies throughout the Department of Defense. The data take many forms, utilize different protocols, and originate from various platforms and applications. It is not practical to apply security measures speciﬁc to individual applications, platforms, and protocols. Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a set of protocols designed to secure data traveling over IP networks, including the Internet. By applying security at the network layer of communications, data packets can be secured regardless of what application generated the data or which protocol is used to transport it. However, the complexity of managing IPsec on a production network, particularly using the basic command-line tools available today, is the limiting factor to widespread deployment. This thesis explores several visualizations of IPsec data, evaluates the viability of using visualization to represent and manage IPsec, and proposes an interface for a visual IPsec management application to simplify IPsec management and make this powerful security option more accessible to the information warﬁghter. DTIC Computer Networks; Protocol (Computers)

20100017712 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Achieving Operability via the Mission System Paradigm Hammer, Fred J.; Kahr, Joseph R.; March 4, 2006; 10 pp.; In English; IEEE Aerospace Conference, March 2006, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41559; http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AERO.2006.1656155 In the past, flight and ground systems have been developed largely-independently, with the flight system taking the lead, and dominating the development process. Operability issues have been addressed poorly in planning, requirements, design, I&T, and system-contracting activities. In many cases, as documented in lessons-learned, this has resulted in significant avoidable increases in cost and risk. With complex missions and systems, operability is being recognized as an important end-to-end design issue. Never-the-less, lessons-learned and operability concepts remain, in many cases, poorly understood and sporadically applied. A key to effective application of operability concepts is adopting a ‘mission system’ paradigm. In this paradigm, flight and ground systems are treated, from an engineering and management perspective, as inter-related elements of a larger mission system. The mission system consists of flight hardware, flight software, telecom services, ground data system, testbeds, flight teams, science teams, flight operations processes, procedures, and facilities. The system is designed in functional layers, which span flight and ground. It is designed in response to project-level requirements, mission design and an operations concept, and is developed incrementally, with early and frequent integration of flight and ground components. Author Engineering Management; Flight Operations; Lessons Learned; Mission Planning; Data Acquisition; Computer Programs; Applications Programs (Computers)

20100017724 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Sequence System Building Blocks: Using a Component Architecture for Sequencing Software Streiffert, Barbara A.; O’Reilly, Taifun; June 19, 2005; 9 pp.; In English; SpaceOps 2006, 19 Jun. 2005, Rome, Italy; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41517 Over the last few years software engineering has made signiﬁcant strides in making more ﬂexible architectures and

146 designs possible. However, at the same time, spacecraft have become more complex and flight software has become more sophisticated. Typically spacecraft are often one-of-a-kind entities that have different hardware designs, different capabilities, different instruments, etc. Ground software has become more complex and operations teams have had to learn a myriad of tools that all have different user interfaces and represent data in different ways. At Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) these themes have collided to require an new approach to producing ground system software. Two different groups have been looking at tackling this particular problem. One group is working for the JPL Mars Technology Program in the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Focused Technology area. The other group is the JPL Multi-Mission Planning and Sequencing Group . The major concept driving these two approaches on a similar path is to provide software that can be a more cohesive flexible system that provides a act of planning and sequencing system of services. This paper describes the efforts that have been made to date to create a unified approach from these disparate groups. Author Applications Programs (Computers); Sequencing; Software Engineering; Computer Programming

20100017728 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Security Risks: Management and Mitigation in the Software Life Cycle Gilliam, David P.; June 14, 2004; 18 pp.; In English; IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, 14 Jun. 2004, Modena, Italy; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41564 A formal approach to managing and mitigating security risks in the software life cycle is requisite to developing software that has a higher degree of assurance that it is free of security defects which pose risk to the computing environment and the organization. Due to its criticality, security should be integrated as a formal approach in the software life cycle. Both a software security checklist and assessment tools should be incorporated into this life cycle process and integrated with a security risk assessment and mitigation tool. The current research at JPL addresses these areas through the development of a Sotfware Security Assessment Instrument (SSAI) and integrating it with a Defect Detection and Prevention (DDP) risk management tool. Author Software Engineering; Risk Assessment; Computer Programs; Security; Life (Durability); Detection; Risk Management

20100017736 Baker (Wilfred) Engineering, Inc., San Antonio, TX USA Towards a Secure Programming Language. An Access Control System for CommonLisp Shrobe, Howard; March 25, 2009; 14 pp.; In English; International Lisp Conference. Lisp: The Next 50 Years, 22 - 25 Mar. 2009, Cambridge, MA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-07-2-0032; Proj-NICE; 62702F Report No.(s): AD-A517052; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-4; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517052 Computer security is becoming an increasingly important problem. Although, the problem is often described as one of network security, the core of the problem is the vulnerability of computer hosts. There are many underlying causes of computer vulnerability, but most of them are traceable to an underlying failure of language systems to enforce the semantics of object identify, extent and type. Compounding this failing is the inability of most programming languages to express constraints on information ﬂow and access that would limit the damage due to a penetration. In this paper, we present an access control system for Lisp-like languages that allows precise speciﬁcation of which actors are allowed to perform what operations on which types of objects. Making these controls non-bypassable in a language as dynamic as Common-lisp is a serious challenge; we present techniques based on use of the Meta-Object Protocol (MOP) that achieve this goal; furthermore, we outline how hardware support can provide stronger guarantees within this framework. DTIC Access Control; Computer Information Security; Programming Languages

147 62 COMPUTER SYSTEMS Includes computer networks and distributed processing systems. For information systems see 82 Documentation and Information Science. For computer systems applied to speciﬁc applications, see the associated category.

20100016376 Telcordia Technologies, Inc., Piscataway, NJ USA Enabling Distributed Management for Dynamic Airborne Networks Chiang, Cho-Yu J.; Levin, Gary; Li, Shihwei; Serban, Constantin; Wolberg, Michelle; Chadha, Ritu; Hadynski, Gregory; LaBarre, Lee; July 2009; 9 pp.; In English; IEEE International Symposium on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks, 20 - 22 Jul. 2009, London, UK, UK; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-07-C-0110; Proj-NATM; 62702F Report No.(s): AD-A516538; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-64; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In this paper we describe our experience with integrating a distributed policy-based management system (DRAMA) with an open source network management system (OpenNMS). Network operations seeking the beneﬁts of policy-based network management often have pre-existing network monitoring systems. While these pre-existing systems are capable of monitoring the network, they are limited in their: 1) ability to provide distributed network management, 2) support for automatically reconﬁguring the network in response to network events, and 3) ability to adjust management traffic bandwidth consumption based on network conditions. For dynamic networks such as those consisting of airborne platforms, there is a need to provide the above capabilities in any management solution while preserving any underlying management systems. As a result, we integrated DRAMA with OpenNMS to add distributed policy management capability to a commonly used network management system. In this paper, we describe the background for this effort, our approach for integrating OpenNMS with DRAMA, and the design of a distributed resource indirection framework that allows the use of the same policies across different distributed policy decision points managing network devices with different attribute values. DTIC Communication Networks; Policies; Flying Platforms; Management Systems

20100017072 Chief of Naval Personnel, Washington, DC USA Critical Infrastructure Protection Program: Strategy for 2009 and Beyond May 2009; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516873; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516873 The Department of the Navy (DON) relies on a network of physical and cyber infrastructure so critical that its degradation, exploitation, or destruction could have a debilitating effect on the DON’s ability to project, support, and sustain its forces and operations worldwide. This critical infrastructure includes DON and non-DON domestic and foreign infrastructures essential to planning, mobilizing, deploying, executing, and sustaining U.S. military operations on a global basis. Mission Assurance is a process to ensure that assigned tasks or duties can be performed in accordance with the intended purpose or plan. It is made more difficult due to the increased interconnectivity and interdependency of systems and networks. DON critical infrastructures, both physical and cyber, even if degraded, must be available to meet the requirements of multiple, dynamic, and divergent missions. Protecting DON critical assets and ensuring the availability of its mission essential functions is the key tenet of the DON Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) Program. The demand for resources to protect DON critical infrastructure far exceeds available resources and the foreseeable future reﬂects little change in that posture. However, the limited availability of resources in no way diminishes the need to ensure that infrastructure assets critical to the execution of Navy and Marine Corps missions are available. The DON will employ a risk management process to guide investment and resourcing decisions to meet mission execution requirements -- both tactical and strategic. DTIC Navy; Protection; Risk; Threat Evaluation

20100017080 Chief of Naval Personnel, Washington, DC USA Computer Network Defense Roadmap May 2009; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516874; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516874 The Department of the Navy (DON) Naval Networking Environment (NNE) 2016 Strategic Deﬁnition, Scope and

148 Strategy of May 2008, laid out a roadmap for guiding the DON toward a future net-centric environment. The roadmap presents a transition from today’s environment composed of four enterprise computing and communications environments within the DON to NNE. The NNE will provide a highly secure and reliable enterprise-wide voice, video, and data network environment that focuses on the warfighter first, providing ubiquitous access to data, services, and applications from anywhere in the world. Reliance on the DON information infrastructure continues to grow and the threats posed by adversaries are advanced, persistent, and always changing. The DON Information Assurance Policy provides the aligned defense-in-depth program for the DON. The purpose of the DON Computer Network Defense (CND) Roadmap is to communicate the DON strategy for sustaining and improving CND now and in the future as the DON transitions to NNE. In this age of network-centric warfare, computer and network technologies are diffused into virtually all military systems, and interconnected military units operate cohesively. CND is essential to achieving assured networked forces, information sharing, situational awareness, speed of command, and mission effectiveness. The DON CND Roadmap demonstrates the ongoing nature of implementing CND to meet the range of computer network threats. It highlights the need for the Department to make informed decisions as we invest in our CND to optimize our network security posture. CND is not an episodic process, though it changes to meet the changing conditions posed by emerging threats and other real-world events. Additionally, the roadmap shows the high-level linkage of CND strategy to operations, the alignment of CND to the naval mission, and the importance of CND as it flows from the most senior levels of leadership within the DON. DTIC Communication Networks; Computer Information Security; Computer Networks; Depth; Navy

20100017533 Twenty-First Century Technologies, Inc., Austin, TX USA Impact Modeling and Prediction of Attacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) Khalili, Aram; Michalk, Brian; Alford, Lee; Henney, Chris; Gilbert, Logan; March 2010; 10 pp.; In English; SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing,5-9Apr.2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-C-0168; Proj-063O Report No.(s): AD-A517401; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Modeling an organization’s mission vulnerability to cyber attacks requires a description of the IT infrastructure (network model), the organization mission (business model), and how the mission relies on IT resources (correlation model). With this information, proper analysis can show which cyber resources are of tactical importance in a cyber attack, i.e., controlling them enables a large range of cyber attacks. Such analysis also reveals which IT resources contribute to the organization’s mission, i.e., lack of control over them gravely affects the mission. These results can then be used to formulate IT security strategies and explore their trade-offs, which leads to better incident response. This paper presents our methodology for encoding IT infrastructure, organization mission and correlations, our analysis framework, as well as initial experimental results and conclusions. DTIC Computer Networks; Damage Assessment; Data Transmission; Impact; Impact Prediction; Models; Security; Targets

20100017693 Florida Inst. for Human and Machine Cognition, Inc., Pensacola, FL USA Communications Middleware for Tactical Environments: Observations, Experiences, and Lessons Learned Benegnu, Erika; Suri, Niranjan; Tortonesi, Mauro; Stefanelli, Cesare; Hanna, James; Kovach, Jesse; December 12, 2009; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-2-0064; W911NF-04-2-0013; Proj-ICED Report No.(s): AD-A517067; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-3; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517067 Tactical networking environments present significant challenges that must be overcome in order to effectively support net-centric warfare. The wireless and ad hoc nature of these networks implies unreliable connectivity, limited bandwidth, and variable latency. Past and current research has focused on physical and data link layers, routing protocols, transport protocols, and cross-layer aspects. However, significant work is needed at the upper layers to better support application requirements. In our experience, achieving effective communications in tactical environments requires taking into account application requirements and communication patterns, designing a rich interface between the application and communication layers, and realizing a communications middleware specifically adapted to tactical networks. In this article, we report on our observations from several tactical networking experiments and demonstrations and the lessons learned from deployment of the Mockets

149 middleware to support tactical communications. We hope these experiences are useful to others designing and implementing applications and systems for tactical environments. DTIC Applications Programs (Computers); Lessons Learned

20100017727 Florida Inst. for Human and Machine Cognition, Inc., Pensacola, FL USA Improving Timeliness and Reliability of Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Environments with Mockets Communica- tions Library Benvegnu, Erika; Suri, Niranjan; Hanna, James; Combs, Vaughn; Winkler, Robert; Kovach, Jesse; January 4, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-2-0064; Proj-ICED Report No.(s): AD-A517059; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-2; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517059 Network centric warfare relies on the timely and reliable delivery of data to disparate cooperating nodes in tactical networking environments. Given the limited bandwidth available and the unreliability of network links, data often accumulates in application and/or network queues, resulting in increased latency in the delivery of the data. The Mockets communications library addresses this problem via dynamic message replacement. The message replacement functionality of Mockets allows the system to drop all but the most recent message within a specific message flow by removing older, outdated messages from the queues. This paper describes and evaluates, in the context of the U.S. Air Force’s Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI) system, the timeliness of end-to-end delivery of data using the Mockets library. In addition to dynamic message replacement, other capabilities in the Mockets library include options for reliable vs. unreliable and sequenced vs. unsequenced delivery of data, detailed statistics and feedback regarding the connection, and assignment and dynamic adjustment of priorities of messages. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of these different capabilities and their suitability to address the transport requirements in JBI. It also provides a quantitative comparison of Mockets with SCTP and SCPS-TP, which are similar technologies with existing available candidate implementations. Our results show that the Mockets library with the message replacement significantly outperforms these other transport protocols. DTIC Data Transmission; Libraries; Reliability

63 CYBERNETICS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS Includes feedback and control theory, information theory, machine learning, and expert systems. For related information see also 54 Man/System Technology and Life Support.

20100017026 Army Tank-Automotive Research and Development Command, Warren, MI USA TARDEC Robotics Overholt, James L; Jan 12, 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517416; TARDEC-20509RC; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The mission of TARDEC Robotics is to Integrate, Explore, and Develop Robotics, Network and Control Components with a Focus on Customer Driven Requirements to Provide Full System Solutions to the War Fighters. The Robotics Rodeo had three stated goals: educate key decision makers and align the robotics industry; educate Soldiers and developers; and observe the current state of technologies to encourage the development of robotic systems to support operational needs. DTIC Robotics; Robots; Network Control; Warfare; Military Personnel

20100017047 Executive Office of the President, Washington, DC USA The Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative Mar 5, 2010; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517364; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) President Obama has identiﬁed cybersecurity as one of the most serious economic and national security challenges we face as a nation, but one that we as a government or as a country are not adequately prepared to counter. Shortly after taking office, the President therefore ordered a thorough review of federal efforts to defend the U.S. information and communications

150 infrastructure and the development of a comprehensive approach to securing America’s digital infrastructure. In May 2009, the President accepted the recommendations of the resulting Cyberspace Policy Review, including the selection of an Executive Branch Cybersecurity Coordinator who will have regular access to the President. The Executive Branch was also directed to work closely with all key players in U.S. cybersecurity, including state and local governments and the private sector, to ensure an organized and uniﬁed response to future cyber incidents; strengthen public/private partnerships to ﬁnd technology solutions that ensure U.S. security and prosperity; invest in the cutting-edge research and development necessary for the innovation and discovery to meet the digital challenges of our time; and begin a campaign to promote cybersecurity awareness and digital literacy from our boardrooms to our classrooms and begin to build the digital workforce of the 21st century. Finally, the President directed that these activities be conducted in a way that is consistent with ensuring the privacy rights and civil liberties guaranteed in the Constitution and cherished by all Americans. DTIC Security; Computer Information Security; Education; Governments

20100017194 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Multi-Objective Constraint Satisfaction for Mobile Robot Area Defense Mayo, Kenneth W; Mar 2010; 83 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ENG09-219 Report No.(s): AD-A516968; AFIT/GCE/ENG/10-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516968 In developing multi-robot cooperative systems, there are often competing objectives that need to be met. For example in automating area defense systems, multiple robots must work together to explore the entire area, and maintain consistent communications to alert the other agents and ensure trust in the system. This research presents an algorithm that tasks robots to meet the two speciﬁc goals of exploration and communication maintenance in an uncoordinated environment reducing the need for a user to pre-balance the objectives. This multi-objective problem is deﬁned as a constraint satisfaction problem solved using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). Applying the algorithm to the area defense problem, results show exploration and communication without coordination are two diametrically opposed goals, in which one may be favored, but only at the expense of the other. This work also presents suggestions for anyone looking to take further steps in developing a physically grounded solution to this area defense problem. DTIC Robots; Robotics; Robot Control; Military Technology

20100017382 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Data Filtering and Control Design for Mobile Robots Karasalo, Maja; January 2009; 140 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106020; TRITA-MAT-09-OS-06; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In this thesis, we consider problems connected to navigation and tracking for autonomous robots under the assumption of constraints on sensors and kinematics. We study formation control as well as techniques for filtering and smoothing of noise contaminated input. The scientific contributions of the thesis comprise five papers. NTIS Robots; Signal Detectors; Kalman Filters

20100017420 NASA Stennis Space Center, Stennis Space Center, MS, USA Integrated System Health Management: Pilot Operational Implementation in a Rocket Engine Test Stand Figueroa, Fernando; Schmalzel, John L.; Morris, Jonathan A.; Turowski, Mark P.; Franzl, Richard; [2010]; 9 pp.; In English; infotech\@Aerospace, 20-22 Apr. 2010, Atlanta, GA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNS04AB67T Report No.(s): SSTI-2200-0114; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017420 ISHM capability, in the context of this paper, will encompass the following functionality: (1) anomaly detection, (2) diagnosis of faults and determination of their effects, (3) prognosis of future faults, (4) advice to operators for potential use in controlling a system, and (5) user interfaces to provide to the user an integrated awareness of the health of each element in a system. Reference [1] provides a detailed description of foundational concepts in ISHM, which have been utilized in developing the implementation described in this paper. References [2-5] provide additional information on previous ISHM

151 R&D by the authors. SSC is building a new test stand, A3, to enable rocket engine testing in simulated altitude conditions (Figure 1). In particular, A3 is being developed to test the J-2X Engine, which will be used in the second stage of the ARES I Rocket that will be able to carry astronauts beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Simulated altitude will be achieved by ﬂowing high speed steam through a diffuser. The steam is generated using a large set of chemical steam generators (CSG’s). Prior to their deployment at the A3 Test Stand, SSC is performing risk-reduction testing on CSG’s. A component of this risk-reduction effort is the validation of a credible ISHM capability. Given the high complexity of the A3 Test Stand, it is expected that an ISHM system will be needed to carry out a test program for the J-2X Engine in a safe, efficient, and timely manner Derived from text Rocket Engines; Systems Integration; Test Stands; Systems Health Monitoring

20100017574 Integrated Innovations, Inc., Huntsville, AL USA Robotic Range Clearance Competition (R2C2) Lessons Learned Lewis, William A.; December 2009; 25 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA4819-07-D-0001; Proj-GOVT; 99999F Report No.(s): AD-A517171; AFRL-RX-TY-TP-2009-4596; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517171 This presentation provides an overview of lessons learned from previous range clearance operations and how they are important factors to be considered in the Robotics Range Clearance Competition (R2C2). DTIC Clearances; Competition; Lessons Learned; Robotics

20100017725 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based Robotic Control System Braman, Julia M. B.; Murray, Richard M; Wagner, David A.; October 29, 2007; 7 pp.; In English; IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 29 Oct. 2007, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41562 Fault tolerance and safety verification of control systems are essential for the success of autonomous robotic systems. A control architecture called Mission Data System (MDS), developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, takes a goal-based control approach. In this paper, a method for converting goal network control programs into linear hybrid systems is developed. The linear hybrid system can then be verified for safety in the presence of failures using existing symbolic model checkers. An example task is simulated in MDS and successfully verified using HyTech, a symbolic model checking software for linear hybrid systems. Author Fault Tolerance; Autonomy; Network Control; Robotics; Software Engineering

20100017896 Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands Structural Identifiability of Polynomial and Rational Systems Nemcova, Jana; December 2008; 38 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107584; MAS-E0806; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Identifiability is a property of a parametrization of a system. A parametrization is a map from a parameter set to a parametrized system. It maps parameter values to systems derived from the parametrized system by substituting the parameter values to the parameters. We say that a parametrization is globally identifiable if the parameter values can be uniquely determined from the data which are modeled by the parametrized system. It is structurally identifiable if this holds for almost all parameter values. Therefore verifying structural or global identifiability of a parametrization precedes determination of numerical values of the parameters. In this paper, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the parameterizations of parametrized polynomial and parametrized rational systems to be structurally or globally identifiable. The results are applied to study the identifiability properties of the systems modeling certain biological phenomena. NTIS Polynomials; Parameterization; Biology

152 64 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Includes iteration, differential and difference equations, and numerical approximation.

20100017338 Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS, USA Optimization of Step Rockets by the Discrete Maximum Principle Fan, Liang-Tseng; Hwang, Ching-Lai; Wang, Chiu-Sen; Transactions of the ASME, Series B-Journal of Engineering for Industry; November 1965; Volume 87, No. 4, pp. 418-424; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NsG-692 Report No.(s): ASME Paper 64; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The general algorithm of the discrete maximum principle with information feedback is stated briefly. It is applied to obtain solution for the optimum stage-weight distribution problems of a multistage rocket vehicle. The first problem treats the structure ratio as a constant in each stage, though it may differ stage by stage. The second problem considers the variations in structural factors with stage weight. The third problem obtains the optimum weight distribution which minimizes hardware weight. Specific examples are solved. Author Algorithms; Maximum Principle; Discrete Functions; Optimization; Multistage Rocket Vehicles

20100017459 Tennessee State Univ., Nashville, TN USA Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for Independently Moving Cameras Sekmen, Ali; Yao, Fenghue; March 2010; 45 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-09-1-0162; Proj-558B; 62702F Report No.(s): AD-A517211; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-083; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517211 Image fusion problems can be classified into two categories. In Category-I, images obtained by sensors operating at different wavelengths and viewing a common scene simultaneously are fused. In Category-II, images collected by multiple homogenous and/or heterogeneous sensors mounted at different locations, viewing different scenes with partial overlapping, are fused. Category-II image fusion is of high importance for real-time target detection, tracking, and identification over a large terrain. The goal of the project is to investigate and evaluate the existing image fusion algorithms, develop new real-time algorithms for Category-II image fusion, and apply these algorithms in moving target detection and tracking. The research objectives are three-fold: image fusion algorithm investigation, new algorithm development, and application of the proposed algorithms to moving target detection and classification. DTIC Algorithms; Cameras; Detection; Heterogeneity; Multisensor Fusion; Target Acquisition; Targets

20100017520 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Numerical Investigation of Pre-Detonator Geometries for PDE Applications Fievisohn, Robert T.; March 2010; 80 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517597; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A parametric study was performed to determine optimal geometries to allow the successful transition of a detonation from a pre-detonator into the thrust tube of a pulse detonation engine. The study was performed using a two-dimensional Euler solver with progress variables to model the chemistry. The geometrical configurations for the simulations look at the effect of shock reflections, flow obstructions, and detonation diffraction to determine successful geometries. It was observed that there are success and failure rates associated with pre-detonators. These success rates appear to be determined by the transverse wave structure of a stably propagating detonation wave and must be considered in the design and testing of a practical pre-detonator. A simple and straight forward method of estimating the success rate is presented. Desirable effects from geometries with high success rates are used as a basis for recommendations for future pre-detonator designs. DTIC Detonators; Optimization

153 20100017553 Air Force Research Lab., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector of Fatigue McKinley, R. Andy; McIntire, Lindsey K.; Schmidt, Regina; Pinchak, Andrea; Caldwell, John L.; Repperger, Daniel W.; Kane, Matt; March 2010; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-7184 Report No.(s): AD-A517342; AFRL-RH-WP-JA-2010-0002; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate oculometrics as a detector of fatigue in Air Force relevant environments using one night of sleep deprivation. Method: Ten civilian participants volunteered to participate in this study. Each was trained on three performance tasks: target identification, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) landing, and the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT). Experimental testing of the three tasks began after 14 hours awake, and continued every two hours until 28 hours of sleep deprivation was reached. Results: Data analyses showed statistically significant decrements in performance as the level of sleep deprivation increased, for both the PVT and the target identification task. These performance declines correlated with increases in proportion of eye closure and declines in approximate entropy of pupil position. Conclusion: The results provide evidence that eye metrics can be used to detect the onset of fatigue, potentially in advance of significant changes in operator performance, suggesting a way to predict fatigue-induced declines in performance before they manifest. DTIC Alertness; Eye (Anatomy); Eye Movements; Human Performance; Monitors; Psychomotor Performance; Sleep Deprivation; Tasks

20100017572 Stevens Inst. of Tech., Hoboken, NJ USA Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Detection with Applications to Radars and Hyperspectral Imaging Li, Hongbin; February 2010; 138 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-05-2-0001; Proj-5017; 62204F Report No.(s): AD-A517361; AFRL-RY-WP-TR-2010-1075; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) New parametric space-time adaptive processing (STAP) based detectors are introduced and examined. Unlike conventional techniques that estimate the characteristics of the disturbance from only the secondary data, the proposed detectors obtain such knowledge jointly from the primary and secondary data. When the number of pulses within a coherent processing interval is sufficiently large, the proposed detectors can function even without any secondary data, making them strong candidates for detection in non-homogeneous environments. The proposed detectors are investigated by both theoretical analysis and numerical study using simulated and real radar data. Extensive comparison with conventional STAP methods shows that the proposed detectors can better deal with training-limited scenarios while being computationally simpler. The proposed techniques are also extended for target detection in hyperspectral imaging (HSI). DTIC Adaptation; Detection; Heterogeneity; Imagery; Imaging Techniques; Radar; Signal Detection; Signal Processing; Space- Time Adaptive Processing; Target Acquisition

65 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY Includes data sampling and smoothing; Monte Carlo method; time series analysis; and stochastic processes.

20100017055 National Agricultural Statistics Service, Washington, DC, USA; James Madison Univ., Harrisonburg, VA, USA Evaluating the Asymptotic Limits of the Delete-a-Group Jackknife for Model Analyses Kott, Phillip S.; Garren, Steven T.; January 2010; 18 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-104971; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The delete-a-group jackknife can be effectively used when estimating the variances of statistics based on a large sample. The theory supporting its use is asymptotic, however. Consequently, analysts have questioned its effectiveness when estimating parameters for a small domain computed using only a fraction of the large sample at hand. We investigate this issue empirically by focusing on heavily poststratiﬁed estimators for a population mean and a simple regression coefficient, where the poststratiﬁcation takes place at the full-sample level. Samples are chosen using differentially-weighted Poisson sampling.

154 The bias and stability of delete-a-group jackknife employing either 15 or 30 replicates are evaluated and compared with the behavior of linearization variance estimators. NTIS Asymptotic Series; Calibrating; Mathematical Models; Parameter Identiﬁcation

20100017084 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA; Los Alamos National Lab., NM USA Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A Proof of Concept Lorio, John F.; Dvorack, Mike A.; Mundt, Mike J.; Diegert, Kathleen V.; Ringland, James T.; October 2009; 63 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-941L85000 Report No.(s): DE2010-970305; SAND2009-2173; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This paper develops Classical and Bayesian methods for quantifying the uncertainty in reliability for a system of mixed series and parallel components for which both go/no-go and variables data are available. Classical methods focus on uncertainty due to sampling error. Bayesian methods can explore both sampling error and other knowledge-based uncertainties. To date, the reliability community has focused on qualitative statements about uncertainty because there was no consensus on how to quantify them. This paper provides a proof of concept that workable, meaningful quantiﬁcation methods can be constructed. In addition, the application of the methods demonstrated that the results from the two fundamentally different approaches can be quite comparable. In both approaches, results are sensitive to the details of how one handles components for which no failures have been seen in relatively few tests. NTIS Reliability; Uncertain Systems

20100017387 Royal Inst. of Tech., Stockholm, Sweden Importance Sampling and Dependence Modeling Svensson, Jens; January 2009; 108 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106016; TRITA-MAT-09-MS-11; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This thesis consists of four papers. In the ﬁrst paper, Monte Carlo simulation for tail probabilities of heavy-tailed random walks is considered. In the second paper, Monte Carlo simulation of quantiles is treated. It is shown that by using importance sampling algorithms developed for tail probability estimation, efficient quantile estimators can be obtained. In the third paper, large deviation probabilities for a sum of dependent random variables are derived. In the fourth paper, the asymptotic eigenvalue distribution of the exponentially weighted moving average covariance estimator is studied. NTIS Probability Theory; Sampling; Dependent Variables; Monte Carlo Method; Mathematical Models

20100017805 Insightful Corp., Seattle, WA, USA Cluster Analysis and Principle Component Analysis of Water Quality Data from Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring Shed O’Connell, Michael; Treder, Bob; Toth, David; January 2008; 29 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107732; SJ-2008-SP20; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Levels of nitrate-N (nitrate) and 12 other water quality parameters were examined from published data from 56 wells in the Silver Springs spring shed in an effort to locate specific regions that may be sources of elevated nitrate concentrations in Silvers Springs discharge. Clustering, principal components and spatial linear models (kriging) were computed and results plotted to aid in the location of elevated nitrate. A descriptive plot coloring wells by nitrate level and predictions from a kriging spatial model were by far the best locators of regions with elevated nitrate. Three regions were identified as having elevated nitrate levels, hence indicating possible sources of nitrate contamination: one area 6 miles northwest of Silver Springs, and two areas 8 miles and 14 miles south of Silver Springs. The latter area is near the southern boundary of Marion County. The use of clustering and principal components provide interesting detail on how the 13 water quality parameters are interrelated and specifically which parameters co-vary with nitrate, providing a nitrate-related index to water quality. However, kriging is the best of the three methods used to identify areas contributing to nitrate contamination at Silver Springs. NTIS Cluster Analysis; Pollution Monitoring; Silver; Water Pollution; Water Quality; Wells

155 20100017868 Colorado Water Conservation Board, Denver, CO, USA; Colorado Dept. of Transportation, Denver, CO, USA Regional Regression Equations for Estimation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in Colorado Capesius, Joseph P.; Stephens, Verlin C.; January 2009; 53 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-104423; USGS-SIR-2009-5136; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board and the Colorado Department of Transportation, developed regional regression equations for estimation of various streamflow statistics that are representative of natural streamflow conditions at ungaged sites in Colorado. The equations define the statistical relations between streamflow statistics (response variables) and basin and climatic characteristics (predictor variables). The equations were developed using generalized least-squares and weighted least-squares multilinear regression reliant on logarithmic variable transformation. Streamflow statistics were derived from at least 10 years of streamflow data through about 2007 from selected USGS streamflow-gaging stations in the study area that are representative of natural-flow conditions. Basin and climatic characteristics used for equation development are drainage area, mean watershed elevation, mean watershed slope, percentage of drainage area above 7,500 feet of elevation, mean annual precipitation, and 6-hour, 100-year precipitation. For each of five hydrologic regions in Colorado, peak-streamflow equations that are based on peak-streamflow data from selected stations are presented for the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, 100-, 200-, and 500-year instantaneous-peak streamflows. For four of the five hydrologic regions, equations based on daily-mean streamflow data from selected stations are presented for 7-day minimum 2-, 10-, and 50-year streamflows and for 7-day maximum 2-, 10-, and 50-year streamflows. Other equations presented for the same four hydrologic regions include those for estimation of annual- and monthly-mean streamflow and streamflow-duration statistics for exceedances of 10, 25, 50, 75, and 90 percent. All equations are reported along with salient diagnostic statistics, ranges of basin and climatic characteristics on which each equation is based, and commentary of potential bias, which is not otherwise removed by log-transformation of the variables of the equations from interpretation of residual plots. The predictor-variable ranges can be used to assess equation applicability for ungaged sites in Colorado. NTIS Geological Surveys; Climatology; Drainage; Watersheds

20100017873 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Book Review Geostatistical Analysis of Compositional Data Carle, Steven F.; March 28, 2007; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-Eng-48 Report No.(s): PB2010-107041; UCRL-JRNL-229488; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy Compositional data are represented as vector variables with individual vector components ranging between zero and a positive maximum value representing a constant sum constraint, usually unity (or 100 percent). The earth sciences are ﬂooded with spatial distributions of compositional data, such as concentrations of major ion constituents in natural waters (e.g. mole, mass, or volume fractions), mineral percentages, ore grades, or proportions of mutually exclusive categories (e.g. a water-oil-rock system). While geostatistical techniques have become popular in earth science applications since the 1970s, very little attention has been paid to the unique mathematical properties of geostatistical formulations involving compositional variables. NTIS Composition (Property); Geology; Statistical Analysis

66 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND OPERATIONS RESEARCH Includes mathematical modeling of systems; network analysis; mathematical programming; decision theory; and game theory.

20100016378 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Uncertainty Quantification of Multi-Component Isotope-Separation Cascade Model Tran, Khoi D.; March 2010; 76 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516511; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10-M09; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Monte Carlo uncertainty quantification (UQ) capability has been added to a code for modeling multi-component steady-state isotope-separation enrichment cascades to characterize the propagation of uncertainties in input data that define the cascade and the feed. Random samples of error for every computational input are drawn from its individual uncertainty

156 distribution and added to the inputs, creating a set of enrichment cascade problems with perturbed inputs. The set of problems is solved using the veriﬁed code. The cascade outputs are then characterized using the empirical cumulative distribution. The uncertainty output data are analyzed to gain new insights into the behaviors of enrichment cascades. The UQ capability is an investigative tool that can be used to explore current and new questions of interest regarding enrichment. DTIC Error Analysis; Isotope Separation

20100017031 Rand Arroyo Center, Santa Monica, CA USA Logistics: Supply Based or Distribution Based? Peltz, Eric; Apr 2007; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517604; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The continual need for a nuanced and dynamic balancing of distribution and supply in logistics system design has implications for the training and career development of Army logisticians. A logistician’s ability to make the right integrated decisions depends on his having broad system knowledge -- on being a logistics expert rather than a supply or transportation specialist. Those planning the logistics system should understand the tradeoffs among the available resources and system design options. Without a good understanding of the full breadth of logistics management and, for some positions, supply chain management, the need to adapt systems as conditions and capabilities change may not be clear or the root causes of problems may not be understood. Thus, as military logistics professionals progress in their careers and begin to play a role in theater- and national-level planning, their knowledge base must expand as they move from transportation- and physical distribution-oriented execution management to more strategically oriented logistics-system and supply-chain design and management positions. They need to become adept at integrating the full range of options available to best support units in the ﬁeld, no matter the situation. Every resource, whether inventory, transportation assets, distribution facilities, or people, should have a clearly deﬁned role designed to meet an objective derived from overall system goals. If these objectives are well understood and used to drive logistics system design, the right levels of resources in the right places will be employed effectively. Rather than choose between distribution-based and supply-based designs, the Army, in conjunction with its joint supply-chain partners, should seek optimal, balanced logistics system designs that it can adapt quickly to changing conditions. DTIC Logistics Management; Design Analysis; Logistics; Systems Engineering

20100017044 Brazilian Navy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Solving the Pallet Loading Problem Martins, Gustavo H; Dell, Robert F; Jan 2008; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517366; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) This paper presents new bounds, heuristics, and an exact algorithm for the Pallet Loading Problem (PLP). PLP maximizes the number of boxes placed on a rectangular pallet. All boxes have identical rectangular dimensions and, when placed, must be located completely within the pallet. Boxes may be rotated 90 so long as they are placed with edges parallel to the pallet’s edges. The set of all PLP instances with an area ratio (pallet area divided by box area) less than 101 boxes can be represented by 3,080,730 equivalent classes. Our G5-heuristic ﬁnds optimal solutions to 3,073,724 of these 3,080,730 classes and in the remaining 7006 classes only differs from the best known bound by one box. We develop three other heuristics that solve another 54 instances. Finally, we solve the 6952 remaining classes with our exact HVZ algorithm. Only a subset of these classes has been solved previously. DTIC Problem Solving; Loads (Forces); Boxes (Containers)

20100017163 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA How to Boost Engineering Support Via Web 2.0 - Seeds for the Ares Project...and/or Yours? Scott, David W.; March 6, 2010; 7 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0212; IEEE Paper 560; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017163 The Mission Operations Laboratory (MOL) at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) is responsible for Engineering Support capability for NASA s Ares launch system development. In pursuit of this, MOL is building the Ares Engineering and Operations Network (AEON), a web-based portal intended to provide a seamless interface to support and simplify two critical

157 activities: a) Access and analyze Ares manufacturing, test, and ﬂight performance data, with access to Shuttle data for comparison. b) Provide archive storage for engineering instrumentation data to support engineering design, development, and test. A mix of NASA-written and COTS software provides engineering analysis tools. A by-product of using a data portal to access and display data is access to collaborative tools inherent in a Web 2.0 environment. This paper discusses how Web 2.0 techniques, particularly social media, might be applied to the traditionally conservative and formal engineering support arena. A related paper by the author [1] considers use Author Flight Characteristics; Support Systems; Systems Engineering; Product Development

20100017664 Northrop Grumman Corp., New Hartford, NY USA AN-CASE NET-CENTRIC Modeling and Simulation Baskinger, Patricia J.; Chruscicki, Mary C.; Turck, Kirt; April 2009; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-06-C-0174; Proj-12RA Report No.(s): AD-A517036; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-1; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517036 The objective of mission training exercises is to immerse the trainees into an environment that enables them to train like they would fight. The integration of modeling and simulation environments that can seamlessly leverage Live systems, and Virtual or Constructive models (LVC) as they are available offers a flexible and cost effective solution to extending the war-gaming environment to a realistic mission experience while evolving the development of the net-centric enterprise. From concept to full production, the impact of new capabilities on the infrastructure and concept of operations can be assessed in the context of the enterprise, while also exposing them to the warfighter. Training is extended to tomorrow’s tools, processes, and Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs). This paper addresses the challenges of a net-centric modeling and simulation environment that is capable of representing a net-centric enterprise. An overview of the Air Force Research Laboratory’s (AFRL) Airborne Networking Component Architecture Simulation Environment (AN-CASE) is provided as well as a discussion on how it is being used to assess technologies for the purpose of experimenting with new infrastructure mechanisms that enhance the scalability and reliability of the distributed mission operations environment. DTIC Military Operations; Simulation; War Games

20100017718 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Performance Evaluation Modeling of Network Sensors Clare, Loren P.; Jennings, Esther H.; Gao, Jay L.; 2003 IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings; March 18, 2003; Volume 3, pp. 3-1313 - 3-1322; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Report No.(s): IEEEAC Paper 1372; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41543 Substantial benefits are promised by operating many spatially separated sensors collectively. Such systems are envisioned to consist of sensor nodes that are connected by a communications network. A simulation tool is being developed to evaluate the performance of networked sensor systems, incorporating such metrics as target detection probabilities, false alarms rates, and classification confusion probabilities. The tool will be used to determine configuration impacts associated with such aspects as spatial laydown, and mixture of different types of sensors (acoustic, seismic, imaging, magnetic, RF, etc.), and fusion architecture. The QualNet discrete-event simulation environment serves as the underlying basis for model development and execution. This platform is recognized for its capabilities in efficiently simulating networking among mobile entities that communicate via wireless media. We are extending QualNet’s communications modeling constructs to capture the sensing aspects of multi-target sensing (analogous to multiple access communications), unimodal multi-sensing (broadcast), and multi-modal sensing (multiple channels and correlated transmissions). Methods are also being developed for modeling the sensor signal sources (transmitters), signal propagation through the media, and sensors (receivers) that are consistent with the discrete event paradigm needed for performance determination of sensor network systems. This work is supported under the Microsensors Technical Area of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Advanced Sensors Collaborative Technology Alliance. Author Detection; Performance Tests; Communication Networks; Acoustic Imaging; Target Acquisition; Multiple Access; Microinstrumentation

158 67 THEORETICAL MATHEMATICS Includes algebra, functional analysis, geometry, topology, set theory, group theory and number theory.

20100017458 Creative Step, LLC, Belmont, MA USA Assured Wireless Networking: Peer-Based Validation via Spectral Clustering Kung, H. T.; March 2010; 26 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-1-0191; 61120F Report No.(s): AD-A517217; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-085; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517217 The report documents the development and test results of mathematical models and algorithms for wireless computing, sensing, and communications systems. The first contribution of this research is a novel spectral clustering method able to perform grouping by examining just the signs in leading eigenvectors of the input data. This method greatly simplifies spectral clustering, while improving the speed and robustness of the clustering process. The second contribution developed a spectral-based method for validating sensor nodes via clustering of sensors based on their measurement data. With this peer validation method, the impracticality of bringing calibration instruments to the field is overcome. This allows for easy sensor validation procedures to be conducted on the spot. DTIC Radiotelephones; Spectra

20100017478 Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, VA USA Identifying Aliases in Graphs Marchette, David J.; May 21, 2008; 28 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A517224; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Topics discussed in these briefing charts are motivate, definition and model, alias identification and conclusions. Conclusions are: social space provides a mechanism for modeling and inference on graphs and time series of graphs. Dot product graph model is simple, but easy to fit using linear algebra. Sparse matrix approaches can make this efficient. It is possible to add covariates (measurements at the nodes) into the model and still use the linear algebra approach, but this work is preliminary. DTIC Identifying

20100017687 Science Applications International Corp., Arlington, VA USA Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomographic Inversions Based on 3D Strain Green Tensor Shen, Yang; Yang, Xiaoping; January 31, 2010; 134 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8718-06-C-0014; Proj-1010; 62601F Report No.(s): AD-A517109; AFRL-RV-HA-TR-2010-1011; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517109 We developed a unified source moment tensor and tomographic inverse method based on finite difference simulations of wave propagation at local to teleseismic distances. The new method accounts for complex wave propagation in three-dimensional (3D) earth, linearizes the inverse problem by iteratively updating the earth model, and provides an accurate way to integrate body- and surface-wave observations. The finite-difference methods developed to date make it possible to construct hierarchical FD-SGT databases efficiently and with great flexibility. The spherical finite-difference method is well suited for regional and global wave propagation, while the finite-difference method with boundary conforming grids that follow topography provides higher accuracy at local and near regional scales. The self-consistent FD-SGT databases constructed from finite-difference simulations of wave propagation in full-wave tomographic models can be used to determine the moment tensors within minutes after a seismic event, making it possible for real time monitoring using 3D models. DTIC Green’s Functions; Inversions; Seismic Waves; Tensors; Tomography

159 70 PHYSICS (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to mechanics, kinetics, magnetism, and electrodynamics. For speciﬁc areas of physics see categories 71 through 77. For related instrumentation see 35 Instrumentation and Photography; for geophysics, astrophysics, or solar physics see 46 Geophysics, 90 Astrophysics,or92 Solar Physics.

20100017056 Argonne National Lab., IL, USA General Searches for New Particles. Atlas Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 Boomsma, J.; Chekanov, S.; November 20, 2009; 15 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH11357 Report No.(s): DE2010-970380; ANL-HEP-TP-09-110; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The program InvMass has been developed to perform a general model-independent search for new particles using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a proton-proton collider at CERN. The search is performed by examining statistically significant variations from the Standard Model predictions in exclusive event classes classified according to the number of identified objects. The program, called InvMass, finds all relevant particle groups identified with the ATLAS detector and analyzes their production rates, invariant masses and the total transverse momenta. The generic code of InvMass can easily be adapted for any particle types identified with the ATLAS detector. Several benchmark tests are presented. NTIS Particles; Detectors; Collisions

20100017077 Chief of Naval Personnel, Washington, DC USA Strategic Vision for Spectrum Jan 2010; 28 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A516909; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516909 This Strategic Vision identifies spectrum issues crucial to Department of the Navy operational capabilities and outlines the leadership roles within the Navy and Marine Corps. The goal of this Strategic Vision is an innovative, entrepreneurial, spectrum strategy based on evolving naval warfare requirements. This will allow the Secretary of the Navy (SECNAV) to engage in overall Department of Defense (DOD) spectrum strategy planning, foster sharing and compatibility with commercial entities, recognize creative approaches to warfighting requirements, and establish professional relationships with industry groups, research laboratories, academia, and the operational DON components. Through mutually beneficial relationships with government and non-government communication interests, policy initiatives and focused research should transform competition for spectrum assets into productive collaboration within those resources. DTIC Electromagnetic Spectra; Navy; Spectra

20100017099 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Source Tilting Within the Difference Formulation for Radiation Transport Luu, T.; Brooks, E.; Szoke, A.; October 2006; 38 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-Eng-48 Report No.(s): DE2009-968921; UCRL-TR-225197; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) We apply a heuristic technique known as ‘source tilting’ to a Monte Carlo solution for radiation transport, in the difference formulation, that otherwise employs a piecewise-constant treatment of the material temperature. Source tilting improves the accuracy of the piecewise-constant treatment, reducing the excessive energy flow that occurs in the thick limit. An analysis of the cause of excessive energy flow suggests an interpolation scheme that removes this defect, obtaining the correct diffusion limit flux between zones. The results obtained with our interpolation scheme agree almost identically to those of a self-consistent piecewise-linear treatment of the difference formulation while avoiding its additional costs. The resulting method is capable of providing robust and accurate calculations for problems involving optically thick zones. We comment on the monotonicity issues that arise when employing this transport method. NTIS Attitude (Inclination); Interpolation; Radiation Transport

160 20100017100 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA Transverse Space Charge Effect Calculation in the Synergia Accelerator Modeling Toolkit Okonechnikov, Konstantin; Amundson, James; Macridin, Alexandru; January 2009; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-07CH11359 Report No.(s): DE2009-968693; FERMILAB-TM-2442-CD; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This paper describes a transverse space charge effect calculation algorithm, developed in the context of accelerator modeling toolkit Synergia. The introduction to the space charge problem and the Synergia modeling toolkit short description are given. The developed algorithm is explained and the implementation is described in detail. As a result of this work a new space charge solver was developed and integrated into the Synergia toolkit. The solver showed correct results in comparison to existing Synergia solvers and delivered better performance in the regime where it is applicable. NTIS Algorithms; Space Charge

20100017104 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA LIFE Target Fabrication Costs Miles, R.; Biener, J.; Meyer, G.; Wang, M.; September 2009; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-967297; LLNL-TR-416932; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Target costs for the LIFE IFE plant comprises a signiﬁcant portion of the operating costs for the commercial plant. A preliminary target fabrication and cost study was undertaken previously for a fast ignition target. An updated cost model is documented in this report for a LIFE hot spot target. As shown, target costs are projected to be less than $0.25 each provided that the material set is comprised of low cost materials and the fabrication processes can provide the required dimensional precision. However, as yet, none of the processes discussed here have been validated for low-cost target fabrication. The validation will be part of a future process development program. NTIS Costs; Fabrication; Lasers; Targets

20100017115 Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, KS, USA Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron Detector Shultis, J. Kenneth; McGregor, Douglas S.; November 2009; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-PS07-03ID14540; DE-FG07-04ID14591 Report No.(s): DE2009-968648; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge A new method of detecting radiation which can allow for long distance measurements is being investigated. The device is primarily for neutrons detection althought it could, in principle, be used for gamma ray detection. The neutron detection medium is a solid, transparent, electro-optical material, such as lithium niobate, lithium tantalite, or barium borate. Crystals of these materials act as optical gates to laser light, allowing light to pass through only when a neutron interaction occurs in the crystal. Typical light detection devices, such as CCD cameras or photomultiplier tubes, can be used to signal when light passes through the crystal. The overall goal of the project is to investigate the feasibility of such devices for the detection of neutron radiation and to quantify their capabilities and limitations. NTIS Barium; Cameras; Electro-Optics; Laser Applications; Neutron Counters

20100017129 National High Magnetic Field Lab., Tallahassee, FL, USA Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to 225 K Wade, A.; Fedorov, G.; Smirnov, D.; Kumar, S.; Williams, B. S.; Hu, Q.; Reno, J. L.; Nature Photonics; December 14, 2008; Volume 3, pp. 41-45; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000; NNX07I99G; NSF DMR-0084173; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NPHOTON.2008.251 Advances in semiconductor bandgap engineering have resulted in the recent development of the terahertz quantum cascade laser1. These compact optoelectronic devices now operate in the frequency range 1.2-5 THz, although cryogenic cooling is still required2.3. Further progress towards the realization of devices operating at higher temperatures and emitting at longer wavelengths (sub-terahertz quantum cascade lasers) is difficult because it requires maintaining a population inversion

161 between closely spaced electronic sub-bands (1 THz approx. equals 4 meV). Here, we demonstrate a magnetic-field-assisted quantum cascade laser based on the resonant-phonon design. By applying appropriate electrical bias and strong magnetic fields above 16 T, it is possible to achieve laser emission from a single device over a wide range of frequencies (0.68-3.33 THz). Owing to the suppression of inter-landau-level non-radiative scattering, the device shows magnetic field assisted laser action at 1 THz at temperatures up to 215 K, and 3 THz lasing up to 225 K. Author Semiconductors (Materials); Optoelectronic Devices; Magnetic Fields; Quantum Cascade Lasers; Energy Gaps (Solid State); Frequency Ranges; Laser Outputs; Phonons

20100017142 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Science and Technology Review September 2009 Bearinger, Jane P.; July 24, 2009; 58 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48; DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-963526; UCRL-TR-52000-09-9; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This month’s issue has the following articles: (1) Remembering the Laboratory’s First Director - Commentary by Harold Brown; (2) Herbert F. York (1921-2009): A Life of Firsts, an Ambassador for Peace - The Laboratory’s ﬁrst director, who died on May 19, 2009, used his expertise in science and technology to advance arms control and prevent nuclear war; (3) Searching for Life in Extreme Environments - DNA will help researchers discover new marine species and prepare to search for life on other planets; (4) Energy Goes with the Flow - Lawrence Livermore is one of the few organizations that distills the big picture about energy resources and use into a concise diagram; and (5) The Radiant Side of Sound - An experimental method that converts sound waves into light may lead to new technologies for scientiﬁc and industrial applications. NTIS Research Projects; Marine Biology; Research and Development; Organizations

20100017151 Fermi National Accelerator Lab., Batavia, IL, USA; Brunel Univ., Uxbridge, UK; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Valencia, Spain; Imperial Coll. of London, London, UK Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline Kyberd, P.; Ellis, M.; Bross, Alan; Long, Ken; Martinez, Enrique F.; July 01, 2009; 3 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76CH03000 Report No.(s): DE2009-963438; FERMILAB-FN-0836-APC; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This note constitutes a Letter of Interest to study the physics capabilities of, and to develop an implementation plan for, a neutrino physics program based on a Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at Fermilab providing a (nu) beam to a detector at the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory. It has been over ten years since the discovery of neutrino oscillations (1) established the existence of neutrino masses and leptonic mixing. Neutrino oscillations thus provide the first evidence of particle physics beyond the Standard Model. Most of the present neutrino oscillation data are well described by the 3 (nu) mixing model. While a number of the parameters in this model have already been measured, there are several key parameters that are still unknown, namely, the absolute neutrino mass scale, the precise value of the mixing angles, the CP phase (delta) and hence the presence or absence of observable CP-violation in the neutrino sector. Future measurements of these parameters are crucial to advance our understanding of the origin of neutrino masses and of the nature of flavor in the lepton sector. NTIS Industrial Plants; Neutrinos; Universe

20100017315 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA Measurement and Simulation of the RHIC Abort Kicker Longitudinal Impedance Abreu, N. P.; Choi, E.; Hahn, H.; Sep. 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-98CH10886 Report No.(s): DE2010-970519; BNL-90498-2009-IR; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In face of the new upgrades for RHIC the longitudinal impedance of the machine plays an important role in setting the threshold for instabilities and the efficacy of some systems. In this paper we describe the measurement of the longitudinal impedance of the abort kicker for RHIC as well as computer simulations of the structure. The impedance measurement was

162 done by the S21 wire method covering the frequency range from 9 kHz to 2.5 GHz. We observed a sharp resonance peak around 10 MHz and a broader peak around 20 MHz in both, the real and imaginary part, of the Z/n. NTIS Impedance; Magnets; Simulation

20100017317 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA Proceedings of RIPKEN BNL Research Center Workshop (Volume 93) PHENIX Spinfest School 2009 at BNL. July 01 - July 31, 2009 Seidl, R. C.; Goto, Y.; Okada, K.; Jul. 2009; 47 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-98CH10886 Report No.(s): DE2010-970609; BNL-90343-2009; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC) was established in April 1997 at Brookhaven National Laboratory. It is funded by the ‘Rikagaku Kenkyusho’ (RIKEN, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) of Japan. The Memorandum of Understanding between RIKEN and BNL, initiated in 1997, has been renewed in 2002 and again in 2007. The Center is dedicated to the study of strong interactions, including spin physics, lattice QCD, and RHIC physics through the nurturing of a new generation of young physicists. The RBRC has both a theory and experimental component. The RBRC Theory Group and the RBRC Experimental Group consists of a total of 25-30 researchers. NTIS Conferences; Quantum Chromodynamics; Schools

20100017544 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Spectral Domain RF Fingerprinting for 802.11 Wireless Devices Munns, Sheldon A.; March 2010; 70 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): JON 10-166 Report No.(s): AD-A517270; AFIT/GE/ENG/10-19; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The increase in availability and reduction in cost of commercial communication devices (IEEE compliant such as 802.11, 802.16, etc) has increased wireless user exposure and the need for techniques to properly identify/classify signals for increased security measures. A communication device’s emission includes intentional modulation that enables correct device operation. Hardware and environmental factors alter the ideal response and induce unintentional modulation effects. If these effects (features) are sufficiently unique it becomes possible to identify a device using its fingerprint, with potential discrimination of not only manufacturers but possibly serial numbers for a given manufacturer. Previous AFIT research has demonstrated effectiveness at RF Fingerprinting using 802.11A signals with 1) spectral correlation on Power Spectral Density (PSD) Fingerprints, 2) Multiple Discriminant Analysis/Maximum Likelihood (MDA/ML) classification with fingerprints obtained from Time Domain (TD) and Wavelet Domain (WD) statistical features. As used here, Spectral Domain (SD) fingerprinting uses the Fourier Transform to calculate PSD features for device discrimination. Results here show some improvement over the WD approach (gain approximately equal 3 dB) and significant improvement over the TD approach (gain approximately equal 8 dB gain). DTIC Radio Frequencies; Spectra; Wireless Communication

20100017765 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Idiot’s Guide to the Statistical Theory of Fission Chains Walston, S.; June 26, 2009; 34 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-966899; LLNL-TR-414245; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge No abstract available Chains; Fission; Manuals; Statistical Analysis

20100017770 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI, USA Development of a Hydrogen and Deuterium Polarized Gas Target for Application in Storage Rings Haeberli, Willy; January 2009; 7 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-88ER40438 Report No.(s): DE2010-957313; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The exploration of spin degrees of freedom in nuclear and high-energy interactions requires the use of spin-polarized

163 projectiles and/or spin-polarized targets. During the last two decades, the use of external beams from cyclotrons has to a large extent been supplanted by use of circulating beams stored in storage rings. In these experiments, the circulating particles pass millions of times through targets internal to the ring. Thus the targets need to be very thin to avoid beam loss by scattering out of the acceptance aperture of the ring. NTIS Deuterium; Hydrogen; Storage Rings (Particle Accelerators); Targets

20100017772 American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, USA Interfacial Phenomena: Linking Atomistic and Macroscopic Properties: Theoretical and Experimental Studies of the Structure and Reactivity of Mineral Surfaces Brandes, J.; March 2004; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-04ER15518 Report No.(s): DE2010-964398; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This was a grant to support travel for scientists to present data and interact with others in their ﬁeld. Speciﬁcally, speakers presented their data in a session entitled ‘Interfacial Phenomena: Linking Atomistic and Macroscopic Properties: Theoretical and Experimental Studies of the Structure and Reactivity of Mineral Surfaces’. The session ran across three one half day periods, March 30-31 2004. The session’s organizers were David J. Wesolowski and Gordon E. Brown Jr. There were a total of 30 talks presented during the symposium. NTIS Minerals; Reactivity

20100017779 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA High-Energy Physics Outstanding Junior Investigator Program. Summary Report January 2008; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-03ER41271 Report No.(s): DE2010-965781; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge Throughout the past five years the author has worked to uncover what physics lies beyond that of the standard model. His main focus in the first two and a half years has been to understand physics at the electroweak scale, and to a lesser extent understand the relationship between particle physics and cosmology. The author’s final two and a half years was spent on studying the feasibility of discovering ‘non-standard’ models of electroweak physics at hadron colliders, working in close contact with experimentalists at the Tevatron and the LHC. His biggest successes during this period has been both in electroweak physics - expanding our understanding of the Higgs sector in supersymmetric theories and ultraviolet completions of little Higgs theories - and in collider physics - discovering a method for identifying high momentum top quarks and realizing the potential for LHCb to discover some versions of supersymmetry. He has also made some progress towards a particle physics/effective field theory solution of the cosmological constant problem. NTIS High Energy Interactions; Electroweak Interactions (Field Theory); Particle Accelerators; Cosmology

20100017780 Columbia Univ., New York, NY, USA Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Electron Transfer Holman, Michael; Zang, Ling; Liu, Ruchuan; Adams, David M.; January 2009; 2 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2010-966129; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The objectives of this research are threefoid: (1) to develop methods for the study electron transfer processes at the single molecule level, (2) to develop a series of modiﬁable and structurally well deﬁned molecular and nanoparticle systems suitable for detailed single molecule/particle and bulk spectroscopic investigation, (3) to relate experiment to theory in order to elucidate the dependence of electron transfer processes on molecular and electronic structure, coupling and reorganization energies. We have begun the systematic development of single molecule spectroscopy (SMS) of electron transfer. NTIS Electron Transfer; Spectroscopy; Synchronous Meteorological Satellite

20100017832 California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA LambdaStation: Final Report August 30, 2009; 13 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2010-963887; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Lambda Station software implements selective, dynamic, secure path control between local storage & analysis facilities,

164 and high bandwidth, wide-area networks (WANs). It is intended to facilitate use of desirable, alternate wide area network paths which may only be intermittently available, or subject to policies that restrict usage to specified traffic. Lambda Station clients gain awareness of potential alternate network paths via Clarens1-based web services, including path characteristics such as bandwidth and availability. If alternate path setup is requested and granted, Lambda Station will configure the local network infrastructure to properly forward designated data flows via the alternate path. A fully functional implementation of Lambda Station, capable of dynamic alternate WAN path setup and teardown, has been successfully developed. A limited Lambda Station-awareness capability within the Storage Resource Manager (SRM) product has been developed. Lambda Station has been successfully tested in a number of venues, including Super Computing 2008. NTIS Dynamic Control; Computer Programs; Web Services

20100017837 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY USA; Ion Focus Technology, Miller Place, NY, NY, USA; Argonne National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA Thermal Neutron Imaging in an Active Interrogation Environment Vanier, Peter E.; Forman, Leon; Norman, Daren R.; July 2009; 6 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-98CH10886 Report No.(s): DE2010-970434; BNL-90269-2009-CP; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) We have developed a thermal-neutron coded-aperture imager that reveals the locations of hydrogenous materials from which thermal neutrons are being emitted. This imaging detector can be combined with an accelerator to form an active interrogation system in which fast neutrons are produced in a heavy metal target by means of excitation by high energy photons. The photo-induced neutrons can be either prompt or delayed, depending on whether neutron-emitting fission products are generated. Provided that there are hydrogenous materials close to the target, some of the photo-induced neutrons slow down and emerge from the surface at thermal energies. These neutrons can be used to create images that show the location and shape of the thermalizing materials. Analysis of the temporal response of the neutron flux provides information about delayed neutrons from induced fission if there are fissionable materials in the target. The combination of imaging and time-of-flight discrimination helps to improve the signal-to-background ratio. It is also possible to interrogate the target with neutrons, for example using a D-T generator. In this case, an image can be obtained from hydrogenous material in a target without the presence of heavy metal. NTIS Imaging Techniques; Interrogation; Thermal Neutrons

20100017843 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA Quench Propagation in the HOM Damper of the 56 MHz Cavity Ben-Zvi, Ilan; September 2009; 9 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-98CH10886 Report No.(s): DE2010-970516; BNNL90495-2009-IR; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The aim of this report is to summarize a study of the propagation of a quench in a HOM damper probe of the 56 MHz superconducting storage cavity for RHIC and provide guidance for machine protection. NTIS Cavities; Superconducting Cavity Resonators

20100017844 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA RHIC Low Energy Beam Loss Projections Satogata, T.; August 2009; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2010-970517; BNL-90496-2009-IR; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) For RHIC low-energy operations, we plan to collide Au beams with energies of E = 2:5-10 GeV/u in RHIC. Beams are injected into collision optics, and RHIC runs as a storage ring with no acceleration. At these low energies, observed beam lifetimes are minutes, with measured beam lifetimes of 3.5 min (fast) and 50 min (slow) at E=4.6 GeV/u in the March 2008

165 test run. With these lifetimes we can operate RHIC as a storage ring to produce reasonable integrated luminosity. This note estimates beam losses and collimator/dump energy deposition in normal injection modes of low energy operation. NTIS Energy Dissipation; Estimates

20100017845 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA Luminosity Issues in 2009 100 GeV Polarized Proton Run Zhang, S. Y.; August 2009; 12 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-98CH10886 Report No.(s): DE2010-970518; BNL-90497-2009-IR; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Several luminosity issues are reviewed. Questions remain, which are stated for further investigation. Some suggestions are made for possible luminosity improvement. NTIS Luminosity; Protons

20100017850 Kansas Univ., Lawrence, KS, USA; Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY USA States of the Vacuum: Summary of DE-FG02-04ER46113 Murray, M.; January 2009; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-04ER46113 Report No.(s): DE2010-963886; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The DOE EPSCoR grant supported collaborative research between the University of Kansas and Brookhaven National Laboratory. The focus of the research was on the BRAHMS experiment at the Relativist Heavy Ion Collidor or RHIC. The purpose of RHIC is to understand the nature of the strong nuclear force at very high temperature and very high density when a plasma of quarks and gluons is formed. BRAHMS focused on how the matter created in high-energy collisions of between two gold ions depends on the longitudinal motion of the matter. This can be studied by comparing the mix of particles that emerge at forward angles with those that are emitted at 90degrees with respect to the direction of the original gold ions. By looking at deuteron gold collisions we were also able to study the initial state of a gold nucleus at very high energy and found evidence that the gluons are frozen into a glass like state known as the color glass condensate. Finally BRAHMS studies the length scales that characterize the plasma by looking at smaller systems such as copper on copper and proton on proton collisions. NTIS Particle Accelerators; Vacuum

20100017856 Illinois Univ., Chicago, IL, USA Highly Scalable, UDP-Based Network Transport Protocols for Lambda Grids and 10 GE Routed Networks. DOE/MICS Final Project Report. September 2004 - September 2006 Grossman, Robert; Eick, Stephen; January 2006; 7 pp.; In English Report No.(s): DE2010-961806; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In work prior to this grant, NCDM developed a high performance data transport protocol called SABUL. During this grant, we reﬁned SABUL’s functionality, and then extended both the capabilities and functionality and incorporated them into a new protocol called UDP-based Data transport Protocol, or UDT. We also began preliminary work on Composable UDT, a version of UDT that allows the user to choose among different congestion control algorithms and implement the algorithm of his choice at the time he compiles the code. Speciﬁcally, we: Investigated the theoretical foundations of protocols similar to SABUL and UDT. Performed design and development work of UDT, a protocol that uses UDP in both the data and control channels. Began design and development work of Composable UDT, a protocol that supports the use of different congestion control algorithms by simply including the appropriate library when compiling the code. Performed experimental studies using UDT and Composable UDT using real world applications such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) astronomical data sets. Released several versions of UDT and Composable, the most recent being v3.1. NTIS Computer Networks; Protocol (Computers)

166 20100017876 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Counting Constituents in Molecular Complexes by Fluorescence Photon Antibunching Fore, Samantha; Laurence, Ted A.; Hollars, Christopher W.; Huser, Thomas; April 23, 2007; 12 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107043; UCRL-JRNL-230187; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Modern single molecule ﬂuorescence microscopy offers new, highly quantitative ways of studying the systems biology of cells while keeping the cells healthy and alive in their natural environment. In this context, a quantum optical technique, photon antibunching, has found a small niche in the continuously growing applications of single molecule techniques to small molecular complexes. Here, we review some of the most recent applications of photon antibunching in biophotonics, and we provide a guide for how to conduct photon antibunching experiments at the single molecule level by applying techniques borrowed from time-correlated single photon counting. We provide a number of new examples for applications of photon antibunching to the study of multichromophoric molecules and small molecular complexes. NTIS Counting; Fluorescence; Molecules; Photons

20100017898 Center for Mathematics and Computer Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands Numerical Integration of Damped Maxwell Equations Botchev, M. A.; Verwer, J. G.; April 2008; ISSN 1386-3703; 26 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107582; MAS-E0804; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) We study the numerical time integration of Maxwell’s equations from electromagnetism. Following the method of lines approach we start from a general semi-discrete Maxwell system for which a number of time-integration methods are considered. These methods have in common an explicit treatment of the curl terms. Central in our investigation is the question how to efficiently raise the temporal convergence order beyond the standard order of two, in particular in the presence of an explicitly or implicitly treated damping term which models conduction. NTIS Maxwell Equation; Measure and Integration; Numerical Integration

71 ACOUSTICS Includes sound generation, transmission, and attenuation. For noise pollution see 45 Environment Pollution. For aircraft noise see also 02 Aerodynamics and 07 Aircraft Propulsion and Power.

20100017014 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA International Space Station Crew Quarters Ventilation and Acoustic Design Implementation Broyan, James L., Jr.; Cady, Scott M; Welsh, David A.; [2010]; 14 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 401769.06.05.01.02.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20185; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017014 The International Space Station (ISS) USA Operational Segment has four permanent rack sized ISS Crew Quarters (CQs) providing a private crew member space. The CQs use Node 2 cabin air for ventilation/thermal cooling, as opposed to conditioned ducted air-from the ISS Common Cabin Air Assembly (CCAA) or the ISS fluid cooling loop. Consequently, CQ can only increase the air flow rate to reduce the temperature delta between the cabin and the CQ interior. However, increasing airflow causes increased acoustic noise so efficient airflow distribution is an important design parameter. The CQ utilized a two fan push-pull configuration to ensure fresh air at the crew member’s head position and reduce acoustic exposure. The CQ ventilation ducts are conduits to the louder Node 2 cabin aisle way which required significant acoustic mitigation controls. The CQ interior needs to be below noise criteria curve 40 (NC-40). The design implementation of the CQ ventilation system and acoustic mitigation are very inter-related and require consideration of crew comfort balanced with use of interior habitable volume, accommodation of fan failures, and possible crew uses that impact ventilation and acoustic performance. Each CQ required 13% of its total volume and approximately 6% of its total mass to reduce acoustic noise. This paper illustrates the types of model analysis, assumptions, vehicle interactions, and trade-offs required for CQ ventilation and acoustics.

167 Additionally, on-orbit ventilation system performance and initial crew feedback is presented. This approach is applicable to any private enclosed space that the crew will occupy. Author Acoustics; International Space Station; Spacecraft Cabins; Ventilation; Air Ducts

20100017324 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Improved Phased Array Imaging of a Model Jet Dougherty, Robert P.; Podboy, Gary G.; March 2010; 35 pp.; In English; 15th Aeroacoustics Conference (30th Aeroacoustics Conference, 11-13 May 2009, Miami, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNC07CB02C; WBS 561581.02.08.03.18.02 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216227; AIAA Paper 2009-3186; E-17214; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017324 An advanced phased array system, OptiNav Array 48, and a new deconvolution algorithm, TIDY, have been used to make octave band images of supersonic and subsonic jet noise produced by the NASA Glenn Small Hot Jet Acoustic Rig (SHJAR). The results are much more detailed than previous jet noise images. Shock cell structures and the production of screech in an underexpanded supersonic jet are observed directly. Some trends are similar to observations using spherical and elliptic mirrors that partially informed the two-source model of jet noise, but the radial distribution of high frequency noise near the nozzle appears to differ from expectations of this model. The beamforming approach has been validated by agreement between the integrated image results and the conventional microphone data. Author Gas Jets; Imaging Techniques; Jet Aircraft Noise; Phased Arrays; Supersonic Jet Flow

20100017457 Research Associates for Defense Conversion, Inc., Marcy, NY USA; Texas Univ., Dallas, TX, USA Test Token Driven Acoustic Balancing for Sparse Enrollment Data in Cohort GMM Speaker Recognition Suh, Jun-Won; Hansen, John H; Apr 8, 2009; 5 pp.; In English; 35th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 14 - 19 Mar. 2010, Dallas, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-09-C-0067; FA8750-05-C-0029; Proj-3188; 35885G Report No.(s): AD-A517221; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-8; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517221 For this study, we address the problem to in-set/out-of-set speaker recognition with sparse enrollment data. Sparse enrollment data presents a unique challenge due to a lack of acoustic space coverage. The proposed algorithm focuses on ﬁlling acoustic holes and fortifying the phone expectation in the test stage. This scheme is possible by using the GMM model to classify the speaker phone information at the feature level. The parallel training for most occurred (top) and less occurred (bottom) rank ordered mixture classiﬁcation (speaker phone class) information is called Sweet-16, and the employing a test data mixture histogram using the Sweet-16 is called Sweet-16 On-The-Fly (OTF). The Sweet-16 OTF method is evaluated using telephone conversation speech from the FISHER corpus. The Sweet-16 OTF improves on average 2.17% absolute EER over the previous Sweet-16, and average 4.03% absolute EER over GMM-UBM baseline using 2sec test data. The proposed algorithm improvement is a noteworthy stage to compensate for both sparse enrollment data and limited test data. DTIC Acoustics; Balancing; Speech

72 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS Includes atomic and molecular structure, electron properties, and atomic and molecular spectra. For elementary particle physics see 73 Nuclear Physics.

20100016379 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Formation Studies Slaughter, Robert C.; March 2010; 152 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516510; AFIT/GNE/ENP/10-M07; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) A Positron Annihilation of Radiation Spectrometer (PsARS) was developed and characterized. PsARS spectroscopy as

168 well as digital Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) was applied to measure positronium formation on gold manoparticles deposited through an evaporative method onto a thin capillary tube. This gold coated capillary tube was designed to be used for positronium lifetime studies in local electric field experiments. High local electric fields can polarize a positron-electron pair, which may result in an extended lifetime of the positron. These fields may be created through the interaction of an external electric field with silver manoparticles deposited onto the surface of gold coated capillary tubes. The capability to control size and distribution of silver manoparticles on such a surface is demonstrated. PsARS analysis of potassium dodecahydrododecaborate (dodecaborate) solutions was also performed to verify positronic dodecaborate species as well as potential positronium quenching. DTIC Annihilation Reactions; Positron Annihilation; Positronium; Positrons; Radiation Dosage; Spectroscopy

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS Includes nuclear particles; and reactor theory. For space radiation see 93 Space Radiation. For atomic and molecular physics see 72 Atomic and Molecular Physics. For elementary particle physics see 77 Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields. For nuclear astrophysics see 90 Astrophysics.

20100017085 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA Photoneutron Effects on Pulse Reactor Kinetics for the Annular Core Research Reactor (ACRR) Parma, Edward J.; June 2009; 25 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report No.(s): DE2010-970262; SAND2009-2817; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Annular Core Research Reactor (ACRR) is a swimming-pool type pulsed reactor that maintains an epithermal neutron flux and a nine-inch diameter central dry cavity. One of its uses is neutron and gamma-ray irradiation damage studies on electronic components under transient reactor power conditions. In analyzing the experimental results, careful attention must be paid to the kinetics associated with the reactor to ensure that the transient behavior of the electronic device is understood. Since the ACRR fuel maintains a substantial amount of beryllium, copious quantities of photoneutrons are produced that can significantly alter the expected behavior of the reactor power, especially following a reactor pulse. In order to understand these photoneutron effects on the reactor kinetics, the KIFLE transient reactor-analysis code was modified to include the photoneutron groups associated with the beryllium. The time-dependent behavior of the reactor power was analyzed for small and large pulses, assuming several initial conditions including following several pulses during the day, and following a long steady-state power run. NTIS Kinetics; Photoneutrons

20100017113 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA Results of a Neutronic Simulation of HTR-Proteus Core 4.2 Using PEBBED and Other INL Reactor Physics Tools: FY09 Report Gougar, Hans D.; September 2009; 51 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-05ID14517 Report No.(s): DE2009-968654; INL/EXT-09-16620; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Idaho National Laboratorys deterministic neutronics analysis codes and methods were applied to the computation of the core multiplication factor of the HTR-Proteus pebble bed reactor critical facility. A combination of unit cell calculations (COMBINE-PEBDAN), 1-D discrete ordinates transport (SCAMP), and nodal diffusion calculations (PEBBED) were employed to yield keff and flux profiles. Preliminary results indicate that these tools, as currently configured and used, do not yield satisfactory estimates of keff. If control rods are not modeled, these methods can deliver much better agreement with experimental core eigenvalues which suggests that development efforts should focus on modeling control rod and other absorber regions. Under some assumptions and in 1D subcore analyses, diffusion theory agrees well with transport. This suggests that developments in specific areas can produce a viable core simulation approach. Some corrections have been identified and can be further developed, specifically: treatment of the upper void region, treatment of inter-pebble streaming, and explicit (multiscale) transport modeling of TRISO fuel particles as a first step in cross section generation. Until corrections

169 are made that yield better agreement with experiment, conclusions from core design and burnup analyses should be regarded as qualitative and not benchmark quality. NTIS Pebble Bed Reactors; Proteus; Reactor Physics; Simulation

20100017250 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) Durst, Philip C.; Beddingfield, David; Boyer, Brian; Bean, Robert; Collins, Michael; October 2009; 61 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-05ID14517 Report No.(s): DE2009-968683; INL/EXT-09-16782; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) High temperature reactors (HTRs) have been considered since the 1940s, and have been constructed and demonstrated in the UK (Dragon), USA (Peach Bottom and Fort Saint Vrain), Japan (HTTR), Germany (AVR and THTR-300), and have been the subject of conceptual studies in Russia (VGM). The attraction to these reactors is that they can use a variety of reactor fuels, including abundant thorium, which upon reprocessing of the spent fuel can produce fissile U-233. Hence, they could extend the stocks of available uranium, provided the fuel is reprocessed. Another attractive attribute is that HTRs typically operate at a much higher temperature than conventional light water reactors (LWRs), because of the use of pyrolytic carbon and silicon carbide coated (TRISO) fuel particles embedded in ceramic graphite. Rather than simply discharge most of the unused heat from the working fluid in the power plant to the environment, engineers have been designing reactors for 40 years to recover this heat and make it available for district heating or chemical conversion plants. Demonstrating high-temperature nuclear energy conversion was the purpose behind Fort Saint Vrain in the USA, THTR-300 in Germany, HTTR in Japan, and HTR-10 and HTR-PM, being built in China. This resulted in nuclear reactors at least 30% or more thermodynamically efficient than conventional LWRs, especially if the waste heat can be effectively utilized in chemical processing plants. A modern variant of high temperature reactors is the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR). Originally developed in the USA and Germany, it is now being redesigned and marketed by the Republic of South Africa and China. The team examined historical high temperature and high temperature gas reactors (HTR and HTGR) and reviewed safeguards considerations for this reactor. The following is a preliminary report on this topic prepared under the ASA-100 Advanced Safeguards Project in support of the NNSA Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI). NTIS Pebble Bed Reactors; Nuclear Energy; Nuclear Reactors; Nuclear Fuels

20100017253 Idaho National Lab., Idaho Falls, ID, USA MRDAP User/Developer Documentation Cogliati, Joshua; Milvich, Michael; September 2009; 33 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC07-05ID14517 Report No.(s): DE2009-968675; INL/EXT-09-17168; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The Multi-Reactor Design and Analysis Platform (MRDAP) is designed to simplify the creation, transfer and processing of data between computational codes. MRDAP accomplishes these objectives with three parts: 1. allows each integrated code, through a plugin, to specify the required input for execution and the required output needed, 2. creates an interface for execution and data transfer, 3. enables the creation of Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) to assist with input preparation and data visualization. Ultimately, the main motivation of this work is to enable analysts (who perform reactor physics calculations routinely), by providing a tool that increases efficiency and minimizes the potential for errors or failed executions. NTIS Design Analysis; Reactor Design; Reactor Physics; Graphical User Interface

20100017682 XIA, LLC, Hayward, CA USA Development of a COTS Radioxenon Detector System Using Phoswich Detectors and Pulse Shape Analysis Hennig, Wolfgang; Tan, Hui; Warburton, William K.; Fallu-Labruyere, Anthony; Sabourov, Konstantin; Cooper, Matthew W.; McIntyre, Justin I.; Gleyzer, Anshel; September 2008; 11 pp.; In English; 30th Monitoring Research Review: Ground-Based Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Technologies, 23 - 25 Sep. 2008, Portsmouth, VA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-04ER84121 Report No.(s): AD-A517043; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517043 Several of the radioxenon detection systems developed for the International Monitoring System use beta/gamma

170 coincidence detection to achieve high sensitivity. These systems use an arrangement of separate beta and gamma detectors to detect beta/gamma coincidence events characteristic of the different radioxenon isotopes. While very sensitive to small amounts of radioxenon, they also require careful calibration and gain matching of several detectors and photomultiplier tubes. An alternative approach is the use of a single phoswich detector in which beta-gamma coincidences are detected by pulse shape analysis (PSA). We previously reported on prototype phoswich well detectors, consisting of a fast plastic scintillator (absorbing betas) optically coupled to a slower CsI(Tl) scintillator (absorbing gammas). These detectors require only a single photomultiplier tube and an electronics readout channel. Beta/gamma coincidences create characteristic fast/slow signals that can easily be distinguished from slow only or fast only non-coincident interactions. We describe the development of a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) radioxenon detector system based on such phoswich detectors. The PSA functions were implemented using the digital signal processor in a set of commercial readout electronics that is also compatible with ARSA and SAUNA detectors. These functions detect coincidences in real time and accumulate 2D histograms in on-board memory. The acquisition and the PSA functions can also be integrated into larger-scale acquisition and control software. Several phoswich detectors have been characterized for energy resolution, separation of coincidence events in 2D beta/gamma energy histograms, and detection efficiency. A test pulser module has been developed to support monitoring and testing of the electronics for state of health during operation. The phoswich detector, readout electronics, and software are now available as a COTS product package. DTIC Monitors; Shapes

20100017901 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Thermal Modeling and Feedback Requirements for LIFE Neutronic Simulations Seifried, Jeffrey E.; August 26, 2009; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-966912; LLNL-TR-416167; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) An initial study is performed to determine how temperature considerations affect LIFE neutronic simulations. Among other ﬁgures of merit, the isotopic mass accumulation, thermal power, tritium breeding, and criticality are analyzed. Possible ﬁdelities of thermal modeling and degrees of coupling are explored. Lessons learned from switching and modifying nuclear datasets is communicated. NTIS Feedback; Simulation; Tritium

74 OPTICS Includes light phenomena and the theory of optical devices; for speciﬁc optical devices see also 35 Instrumentation and Photography. For lasers see 36 Lasers and Masers.

20100017092 Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., Princeton, NJ, USA Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for LHCD Experiments Ko, Jinseok; Scott, Steve; Shiraiwa, Syun’ichi; Greenwald, Martin; Parker, Ronald; November 2009; 10 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-09CH11466; DE-FC02-99ER54512 Report No.(s): DE2009-969308; PPPL-4474; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The spurious drift in pitch angle of order several degrees measured by the Motional Stark Effect (MSE) diagnostic in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak over the course of an experimental run day has precluded direct utilization of independent absolute calibrations. Recently, the underlying cause of the drift has been identiﬁed as thermal stress-induced birefringence in a set of in-vessel lenses. The shot-to-shot drift can be avoided by using MSE to measure only the change in pitch angle between a reference phase and a phase of physical interest within a single plasma discharge. This intra-shot calibration technique has been applied to the Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) experiments and the measured current proﬁles qualitatively demonstrate several predictions of LHCD theory such as an inverse dependence of current drive efficiency on the parallel refractive index and the presence of off-axis current drive. NTIS Birefringence; Calibrating; Refractivity; Stark Effect

171 20100017095 Princeton Univ., NJ USA Design of a New Optical System for Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Diagnostic Ko, Jinseok; Scott, Steve; Bitter, Manfred; Lerner, Scott; November 2009; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-09CH11466 Report No.(s): DE2009-969303; PPPL-4470; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic on Alcator C-Mod uses an in-vessel optical system (ﬁve lenses and three mirrors) to relay polarized light to an external polarimeter because port access limitations on Alcator C-Mod preclude a direct view of the diagnostic beam. The system experiences unacceptable, spurious drifts of order several degrees in measured pitch angle over the course of a run day. Recent experiments illuminated the MSE diagnostic with polarized light of ﬁxed orientation as heat was applied to various optical elements. A large change in measured angle was observed as two particular lenses were heated, indicating that thermal-stress-induced birefringence is a likely cause of the spurious variability. Several new optical designs have been evaluated to eliminate the affected in-vessel lenses and to replace the focusing they provide with curved mirrors; however, ray tracing calculations imply that this method is not feasible. A new approach is under consideration that utilizes in situ calibrations with in-vessel reference polarized light sources. 2008 American Institute of Physics. NTIS Light Sources; Stark Effect; Tokamak Devices

20100017109 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Metal-Metal Waveguides Kumar, Sushil; Williams, Benjamin S.; Qin, Qi; Lee, Alan W. M.; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L.; Optics Express; January 08, 2007; Volume 15, No.1, pp. 113-128; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000; NNX07AI99G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources Single-mode surface-emitting distributed feedback terahertz quantumcascade lasers operating around 2.9 THz are developed in metal-metal waveguides. A combination of techniques including precise control of phase of reﬂection at the facets, andueofmetal on the sidewalls to eliminate higher-order lateral modes allow robust single-mode operation over a range of approximately 0.35 THz. Single-lobed far-ﬁeld radiation pattern is obtained using a pi phase-shift in center of the second-order Bragg grating. A grating device operating at 2.93 THz lased up to 149 K in pulsed mode and a temperature tuning of 19 .7 GHz was observed from 5 K to 147 K. The same device lased up to 78 K in continuous-wave (cw) mode emitting more than 6 m W of cw power at 5 K. ln general, maximum temperature of pulsed operation for grating devices was within a few Kelvin of that of multi-mode Fabry-Perot ridge lasers Author Quantum Cascade Lasers; Distributed Feedback Lasers; Bragg Gratings; Phase Shift; Waveguides; Far Fields; Antenna Radiation Patterns

20100017123 Space Research Organization Netherlands, Groningen, Netherlands Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Cascade Laser to a Microwave Reference Khosropanah, P.; Baryshev, A.; Zhang, W.; Jellema, W.; Hovenier, J. N.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Paveliev, D. G.; Williams, B. S.; Hu, Q.; Reno, J. L.; Klein, B.; Hesler, J. L.; Optics Letters; October 2009; Volume 34, No. 19, pp. 2958-2960; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000; NNX07AI99G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources We demonstrate the phase locking of a 2.7 THz metal-metal waveguide quantum cascade laser (QCL) to an external microwave signal. The reference is the 15th harmonic, generated by a semiconductor superlattice nonlinear device, of a signal at 182 GHz, which itself is generated by a multiplier chain (x 12) from a microwave synthesizer at approx. 15 GHz. Both laser and reference radiations are coupled into a bolometer mixer, resulting in a beat signal, which is fed into a phase-lock loop. The spectral analysis of the beat signal conﬁrms that the QCL is phase locked. This result opens the possibility to extend heterodyne interferometers into the far-infrared range. Author Waveguide Lasers; Quantum Cascade Lasers; Phase Locked Systems; Beat Frequencies; Semiconductor Devices; Bolometers; Heterodyning

172 20100017125 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal Design Kumar, Sushil; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L.; Applied Physics Letters; April 2009; ISSN 0003-6951; Volume 94, pp. 131105-1 - 131105-3; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000; NNX07AI99G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources Resonant-phonon terahertz quantum-cascade lasers operating up to a heat-sink temperature of 186 K are demonstrated. This record temperature performance is achieved based on a diagonal design, with the objective to increase the upper-state lifetime and therefore the gain at elevated temperatures. The increased diagonality also lowers the operating current densities by limiting the ﬂow of parasitic leakage current. Quantitatively, the diagonality is characterized by a radiative oscillator strength that is smaller by a factor of two from the least of any previously published designs. At the lasing frequency of 3.9 THz, 63 mW of peak optical power was measured at 5 K, and approximately 5 mW could still be detected at 180 K. Author Quantum Cascade Lasers; Oscillator Strengths; Current Density; Phonons

20100017232 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray Telescopes Gubarev, Mikhail; March 2010; 9 pp.; In English; FROM Meetings on X-Ray Optics Metrology, 31 Mar. 2010, Berkeley, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0459; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017232 Fundamental needs for future x-ray telescopes: a) Sharp images => excellent angular resolution. b) High throughput => large aperture areas. Generation-X optics technical challenges: a) High resolution => precision mirrors & alignment. b) Large apertures => lots of lightweight mirrors. Innovation needed for technical readiness: a) 4 top-level error terms contribute to image size. b) There are approaches to controlling those errors. Innovation needed for manufacturing readiness: Programmatic issues are at least as severe Author Alignment; Angular Resolution; Metrology; X Ray Telescopes; Apertures; Errors; High Resolution

20100017442 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Modeling and Experiment Shi, Fang; Lowman, Andrew E.; Moody, Dwight C.; Niessner, Albert F.; Trauger, John T.; July 31, 2005; 10 pp.; In English; Astronomical Optics and Instrumentation, 31 Jul. - 4 Aug. 2005, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41558 Knowledge of wavefront amplitude is as important as the knowledge of phase for a coronagraphic high contrast imaging system. Efforts have been made to understand various contributions of the amplitude variation in Terrestrial Planet Finder’s (TPF) High Contrast Imaging Testbed (HCIT). Modeling of HCIT with as-built mirror surfaces has shown an amplitude variation of 1.3% due to the phase-amplitude mixing for the testbed’s front-end optics. Experimental measurements on the testbed have shown the amplitude variation is about 2.5% with the testbed’s illumination pattern has a major contribution as the low order amplitude variation. Author Wave Fronts; Coronagraphs; Amplitudes; Imaging Techniques; Terrestrial Planets

20100017833 Argonne National Lab., IL, USA DC 12m Telescope Preliminary Calculations Investigation of Elevation Axis Position Guarino, V.; November 2009; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-06CH11357 Report No.(s): DE2010-970379; ANL-HEP-TR-09-112; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge This paper examines some simple calculations of a 2D model of a telescope in order to understand how different design parameters affect the design. For the design of a telescope it is assumed that we need a design that mimizes deﬂections of the dish and also minimizes the size of the motors and torques needed to rotate in elevation. NTIS Elevation; Telescopes

173 20100017874 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation for Inverse Compton Scattering-Produced Gamma-Rays Jovanovic, I.; Shverdin, M.; Gibson, D.; Brown, C.; April 20, 2007; 27 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-Eng-48 Report No.(s): PB2010-107042; UCRL-JRNL-230147; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Inverse Compton scattering of high-power laser pulses on relativistic electron bunches represents an attractive method for high-brightness, quasi-monoenergetic x-ray production. The efficiency of x-ray generation via inverse Compton scattering is severely constrained by the small Thomson scattering cross section. Furthermore, repetition rates of high-energy short-pulse lasers are poorly matched with those available from electron accelerators, resulting in low repetition rates for generated x-rays. Laser recirculation has been proposed as a method to address those limitations, but has been limited to only small pulse energies and peak powers. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate an alternative method for laser pulse recirculation that is uniquely capable of recirculating short pulses with energies exceeding J. Inverse Compton scattering of recirculated Joule-level laser pulses has a potential to produce unprecedented peak and average x-ray brightness in the next generation of sources. NTIS Circulation; Compton Effect; Electron Scattering; Gamma Rays; High Power Lasers; Inverse Scattering; Pulsed Lasers

75 PLASMA PHYSICS Includes magnetohydrodynamics and plasma fusion. For ionospheric plasmas see 46 Geophysics. For space plasmas see 90 Astrophysics.

20100017118 Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., Princeton, NJ, USA Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Magnetic Reconnection Samtaney, R.; Loureiro, N. F.; Uzdensky, D. A.; Schekochihin, A. A.; Cowley, S. C.; September 2009; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-09CH11466 Report No.(s): DE2009-965277; PPPL-4459; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) A detailed numerical study of magnetic reconnection in resistive MHD for very large, previously inaccessible, Lundquist numbers (104=S=108) is reported. Large-aspect-ratio Sweet-Parker current sheets are shown to be unstable to super-Alfvenically fast formation of plasmoid (magnetic-island) chains. The plasmoid number scales as S3/8 and the instability growth rate in the linear stage as S1/4, in agreement with the theory by Loureiro et al. In the nonlinear regime, plasmoids continue to grow faster than they are ejected and completely disrupt the reconnection layer. These results suggest that high-Lundquist-number reconnection is inherently time-dependent and hence call for a substantial revision of the standard Sweet-Parker quasistationary picture for S>104. NTIS Magnetic Field Reconnection; Plasmas (Physics); Magnetohydrodynamics; Aspect Ratio

20100017127 Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., Princeton, NJ, USA Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on NSTX Diem, S. J.; Taylor, G.; Efthimion, P. C.; LeBlanc, B. P.; Preinhaelter, J.; June 09, 2006; 8 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-ACO2-76CHO3073 Report No.(s): DE2009-963548; PPPL-4244; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) routinely studies overdense plasmas with ne of (15) X 1019 m-3 and total magnetic field of <0.6 T, so that the first several electron cyclotron harmonics are overdense. The electrostatic electron Bernstein wave (EBW) can propagate in overdense plasmas, exhibits strong absorption, and is thermally emitted at electron cyclotron harmonics. These properties allow thermal EBW emission to be used for local Te measurement. A significant upgrade to the previous NSTX EBW emission diagnostic to measure thermal EBW emission via the oblique B-X-O mode conversion process has been completed. The new EBW diagnostic consists of two remotely steerable, quad-ridged horn antennas, each of which is coupled to a dual channel radiometer. Fundamental (818 GHz) and second and third harmonic (1840 GHz) thermal EBW emission and polarization measurements can be obtained simultaneously. NTIS Cyclotrons; Electron Emission; Harmonics; Plasma Physics; Thermal Emission

174 20100017130 Princeton Plasma Physics Lab., Princeton, NJ, USA Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field-Reversed Configuration Geometry by Rotating Magnetic Fields Landsman, A. S.; Cohen, S. A.; Glasser, A. H.; June 25, 2007; 30 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-ACO2-76CHO3073; W-7405-ENG-36 Report No.(s): DE2009-963547; PPPL-4245; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Ion heating by application of rotating magnetic fields (RMF) to a prolate field-reversed configuration(FRC) is explored by analytical and numerical techniques. For odd-parity RMF (RMFo), perturbation analysis shows ions in figure-8 orbits gain energy at resonances of the RMFo frequency, R, with the figure-8 orbital frequency. Since figure-8 orbits tend to gain the most energy from the RMF and are unlikely to escape in the cusp region (where most losses occur), they are optimal candidates for rapid stochastic heating, as compared to cyclotron and betatron orbits. Comparisons are made between heating caused by even- and odd-parity RMFs and between heating in currently operating and in reactor-scale FRC devices. NTIS Betatrons; Magnetic Field Configurations; Plasma Physics; Reverse Field Pinch; Rotation; Stochastic Processes; Theta Pinch

20100017773 Columbia Univ., New York, NY, USA Columbia Non-Neutral Torus Pedersen, T. S.; January 2009; 3 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-02ER54690 Report No.(s): DE2010-964434; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge During the duration of this grant, I designed, built, and operated the Columbia Nonneutral Torus, the world’s lowest aspect ratio stellarator, and arguably, the world’s simplest stellarator. This demonstrates the ease and robustness of the chosen stellarator design and allowed us to commence the investigation of the physics of non-neutral plasmas confined on magnetic surfaces. These plasmas are unique in many ways and had not previously been studied in a stellarator. Our first results showed that it is possible to confine and study a relatively cold pure electron plasma in a stellarator. We confirmed that the plasma is stable, and that the plasma is reasonably well confined in a stellarator configuration. These results were published in Physics of Plasmas (2006) and Physical Review Letters (2006). They enabled the existing program which is resolving the underlying transport processes in a classical stellarator with intense self-electric fields and enable the next phase of operation, electron-positron plasma physics. During the period of this grant, two students were trained in experimental plasma physics and both received their PhD degrees shortly after the grant terminated. One student is now employed in the financial services industry, the other is a postdoctoral associate at Los Alamos National Laboratory. NTIS Aspect Ratio; Stellarators; Toruses

20100017853 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI, USA Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interactions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analysis Whyte, D. G.; January 2009; 203 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-03ER54727 Report No.(s): DE2010-959136; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The overall goal of this proposal was to develop an innovative experimental facility that would allow for the measurement of real-time response of a material surface to plasma bombardment by employing in-situ high-energy ion beam analysis. This facility was successfully developed and deployed at U. Wisconsin-Madison and was named DIONISOS (Dynamics of IONic Implantation & Sputtering on Surfaces). There were several major highlights to the DIONISOS research which we will brieﬂy highlight below. The full technical details of the DIONISOS development, deployment and research results are contained in the Appendices which contain several peer-reviewed publications and a PhD thesis devoted to DIONISOS. The DIONISOS results on deuterium retention in molybdenum were chosen as an invited talk at the 2008 International Conference on Plasma-Surface Interactions in Toledo, Spain. NTIS Ion Beams; Irradiation; Plasma Interactions; Plasmas (Physics); Real Time Operation; Surface Reactions

20100017857 Auburn Univ., AL, USA Gyrokinetic Electron and Fully Kinetic Ion Particle Simulation of Collisionless Plasma Dynamics Lin, Y.; January 2009; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-05ER54826 Report No.(s): DE2010-962209; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) With the 3-year support of our current DOE grant (currently in the third year), we have developed the new gyrokinetic

175 (GK)-electron and fully-kinetic (FK)-ion scheme, finished its benchmark for a uniform plasma in 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D systems against linear waves obtained from analytical theories, and carried out a further convergence test and benchmark for a 2-D current sheet against tearing mode and other instabilities in linear theories/models. More importantly, we have, for the first time, carried out simulation of linear instabilities in a 2-D Harris current sheet with a broad range of guide field and the realistic mi/me. The milestones of our investigation are as planned originally, to finish the scheme benchmark in two years and start the investigation of 2-D Harris sheet in the third year. In addition, we have begun an effort to develop a 3-D hybrid code for simulation of the SSX reconnection experiment. NTIS Collisionless Plasmas; Computerized Simulation; Particle Motion; Plasma Dynamics; Plasmas (Physics)

20100017858 Wisconsin Univ., Madison, WI, USA U.S. Burning Plasma Organization Activities Fonck, R. J.; January 2008; 17 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-06ER54876 Report No.(s): DE2010-962228; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The national U.S. Burning Plasma Organization (USBPO) was formed to provide an umbrella structure in the U.S. fusion science research community. Its main purpose is the coordination of research activities in the U.S. program relevant to burning plasma science and preparations for participation in the international ITER experiment. This grant provided support for the continuing development and operations of the USBPO in its first years of existence. A central feature of the USBPO is the requirement for broad community participation in and governance of this effort. By hosting the Directorate of the USBPO, the University of Wisconsin had the responsibility of facilitating the development and management of the USBPO with colleagues in the fusion research community, and this grant provided funds to support these activities. We concentrated on five central areas of activity of the USBPO during this grant period. These included: (1) activities of the Director and support staff in continuing management and development of the USBPO activity; (2) activation of the advisory Council; (3) formation and initial research activities of the research community Topical Groups; (4) formation of Task Groups to perform specific burning plasma related research and development activities; (5) integration of the USBPO community with the ITER Project Office as needed to support ITER development in the U.S. The provided budget supported salaries of local staff, travel support for community and professional meeting attendance, and supplies and equipment for initial audio-conferencing and video- conferencing development and conversion of available space to useful remote communications capability. NTIS Combustion; Plasmas (Physics)

20100017887 California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; General Atomics Co., San Diego, CA USA; Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA; Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA, USA Studies of Impurity Assimilation During Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII-D Hollman, E. M.; Jernigan, T. C.; Parks, P. B.; Baylor, L. R.; Boedo, J. A.; June 28, 2007; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107047; UCRL-JRNL-232261; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Fast shutdown of discharges using massive gas injection (MGI) is a promising technique for reducing tokamak wall damage during disruptions. An outstanding concern, however, is the generation of runaway electrons (RE) during the shutdown. Although RE formation observed during MGI in present-day experiments is quite small (typically <1% of the main plasma current Ip in DIII-D), it is thought that even this small RE current could be ampliﬁed to signiﬁcant levels in reactor-scale tokamaks such as ITER. NTIS Argon; Assimilation; Gas Injection; Impurities

20100017888 General Atomics Co., San Diego, CA USA; Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA; Oak Ridge National Lab., TN USA; Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA Initial Study Comparing the Radiating Divertor Behavior Single-Null and Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D Petrie, T. W.; Brooks, N. H.; Fenstermacher, M. E.; Groth, M.; Hyatt, A. W.; June 28, 2007; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107048; UCRL-JRNL-232262; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) One way to reduce power loading at the divertor targets is to seed the divertor plasma with impurities that radiatively

176 reduce the conducted power. Studies have shown that the concentration of impurities in the divertor are increased by raising the ﬂow of deuterium ions (D+) into the divertor by a combination of upstream deuterium gas puffing and active particle exhaust at the divertor targets, i.e., puff-and-pump. An enhanced D+ particle ﬂow toward the divertor targets exerts a frictional drag on impurities, and inhibits their escape from the divertor. A puff-and-pump approach using Ar as the impurity was successfully applied in recent DIII-D experiments to SN plasmas while maintaining good H-mode performance. NTIS Diverters; Plasmas (Physics)

20100017889 General Atomics Co., San Diego, CA USA; Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA High Performance Plasma Operation on DIII-D During Extended Periods Without Boronization West, W. P.; Groth, M.; Hyatt, A. W.; Jackson, G. L.; Wade, M. R.; June 28, 2007; 6 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107049; UCRL-JRNL-232263; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) High performance plasmas, including both hybrid and advanced tokamak (AT) benchmark discharges, were shown to be highly repeatable in DIII-D over 6000 plasma-seconds of operation during the 2006 campaign with no intervening boron depositions or high temperature bakes. Hybrid and AT discharges with identical control targets were repeated after the initial boronization at the beginning of the 2006 campaign, and again just before and after a second boronization near the end of the 2006 campaign. After a long entry vent between the 2006 and 2007 campaigns, similar discharges were again repeated after the standard high temperature baking and plasma cleanup, but prior to a boronization. Performance metrics, such as a, conﬁnement quality, and density control, were extremely well repeated. A low performance daily reference shot (DRS) was also established as a routine monitor of impurity inﬂux. Over the 2006 campaign, the DRS database indicated little to no secular increase in impurity content. NTIS Boron; Plasmas (Physics)

20100017890 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Comment on ‘Paleoclassical Transport in Low-Collisionality Toroidal Plasmas’ [Phys. Plasmas 12, 092512 (2005)] LoDestro, L. L.; August 09, 2007; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107052; UCRL-JRNL-233541; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy Paleoclassical transport is a recently proposed fundamental process that is claimed to occur in current-carrying resistive plasmas and to be missing in the collisional drift-kinetic equations (DKE) in standard use. In this Comment we raise three puzzles presented by paleoclassical transport as developed in this paper, one concerning conservation and two concerning uniqueness. NTIS Plasmas (Physics); Toroidal Plasmas

76 SOLID-STATE PHYSICS Includes condensed matter physics, crystallography, and superconductivity. For related information see also 33 Electronics and Electrical Engineering; and 36 Lasers and Masers.

20100017061 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA Anisotropic Effective Moduli of Microcrack Damaged Media Gazonas, George A; Jan. 2010; 67 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-AH84 Report No.(s): AD-A516841; ARL-SR-191; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516841 This report combines four recent papers related to using the generalized self-consistent method (GSCM) for determining the homogenized constitutive response of microcracked media for use in the development of multiscale constitutive models. In The effect of crack face contact on the anisotropic effective moduli of microcrack damaged media, the GSCM is used in conjunction with a ﬁnite-element method to determine the anisotropic effective moduli of a medium containing damage consisting of microcracks with an arbitrary degree of alignment. The moduli of the medium subjected to tension, compression, and an initially stress-free state are evaluated and shown to be signiﬁcantly different, affecting the wave speed (illustrated using

177 slowness surfaces) in the damaged medium. In An effective medium model for elastic waves in microcrack damaged media, direct numerical simulations of waves traveling in microcrack damaged media are compared to results using a homogenized effective medium calculation. In Anisotropic effective moduli of microcracked materials under antiplane loading, the anisotropic effective moduli of a cracked solid subjected to antiplane shear deformation are analytically determined. Finally, in On the effective electroelastic properties of microcracked generally anisotropic solids, concise expressions are derived for the effective electroelastic properties of a piezoelectric solid containing insulating, permeable, or conductive microcracks. DTIC Anisotropy; Damage; Microcracks; Modulation

20100017517 Air Force Research Lab., Kirkland AFB, NM USA Interference Effects in a Photonic Crystal Cavity Alsing, P. M.; Cardimona, D. A.; January 20, 2010; 16 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-4846; 62601F Report No.(s): AD-A517622; AFRL-RV-PS-TP-2010-1001; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) At the Space Vehicles Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory we are interested in the use of detectors in space for surveillance and situational awareness missions. Our primary interests are in observations of objects both on earth and in space, each of which has very different background requirements. In addition, the space environment itself is especially demanding of any sensor system that will be expected to work continuously for long periods of time in such a challenging environment. In this talk we investigate quantum interference and classical interference effects when a three-level system interacts with both a cavity field mode and an external driving field mode, within the confines of a photonic crystal material. DTIC Cavities; Crystals; Quantum Electrodynamics

20100017556 Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY USA Screening and Crystallization Plates for Manual and High-throughput Protein Crystal Growth Thorne, Robert E., Inventor; Berejnov, Viatcheslav, Inventor; Kalinin, Yevgeniy, Inventor; February 23, 2010; 22 pp.; In English Patent Info.: Filed August 8, 2006; US-Patent-7,666,259; US-Patent-Appl-SN-11/463,033; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017556 In one embodiment, a crystallization and screening plate comprises a plurality of cells open at a top and a bottom, a frame that defines the cells in the plate, and at least two films. The first film seals a top of the plate and the second film seals a bottom of the plate. At least one of the films is patterned to strongly pin the contact lines of drops dispensed onto it, fixing their position and shape. The present invention also includes methods and other devices for manual and high-throughput protein crystal growth. Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Protein Crystal Growth; Crystallization

20100017841 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect in n-Doped Bulk GaAs Bernevig, B. Andrei; Zhang, Shou-Chen; January 2009; 4 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515; DMR-0342832 Report No.(s): DE2010-970443; SLAC-PUB-13909; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge We show that the bulk Dresselhauss spin-orbit coupling term leads to an intrinsic spin-Hall effect in n-doped bulk GaAs, but without the appearance of uniform magnetization. The spin-Hall effect in strained and unstrained bulk GaAs has been recently observed experimentally by Kato et. al. We show that the experimental result is quantitatively consistent with the intrinsic spin-Hall effect due to the Dresselhauss term, when lifetime broadening is taken into account. On the other hand, extrinsic contribution to the spin-Hall effect is several orders of magnitude smaller than the observed effect. NTIS Doped Crystals; Gallium Arsenides; Hall Effect; Semiconductors (Materials)

178 20100017855 Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY, USA Rensselaer Component of the Terascale Simulation Tools and Technologies. Final Report Shephard, Mark S.; Flaherty, Joseph E.; January 2009; 5 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FC02-01ER25460 Report No.(s): DE2010-961748; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge The Terascale Simulation Tools and Technologies (TSTT) SciDAC center focused on the development and application on SciDAC applications of advanced technologies to support unstructured grid simulations. As part of the TSTT team the RPI group focused on developing automated adaptive mesh control tools and working with SciDAC accelerator and fusion applications on the use of these technologies to execute their simulations. The remainder of this report provides a brief summary of the efforts carried out by the RPI team to support SciDAC applications (Section 2) and to develop the TSTT technologies needed for those automated adaptive simulations (Section 3). More complete information on the technical developments can be found in the cited references and previous progress reports. NTIS Computerized Simulation; Particle Accelerators; Simulation; Unstructured Grids (Mathematics)

20100017899 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM, USA Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Utilizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technology Shaner, Eric A.; Passmore, Brandon; Lyo, Sungkwun K.; Cederberg, Jeff; Subramania, Ganesh; El-Kady, Ihab; September 2008; 26 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report No.(s): DE2009-966924; SAND2008-6217; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The three-dimensional confinement inherent in InAs self-assembled quantum dots (SAQDs) yields vastly different optical properties compared to one-dimensionally confined quantum well systems. Intersubband transitions in quantum dots can emit light normal to the growth surface, whereas transitions in quantum wells emit only parallel to the surface. This is a key difference that can be exploited to create a variety of quantum dot devices that have no quantum well analog. Two significant problems limit the utilization of the beneficial features of SAQDs as mid-infrared emitters. One is the lack of understanding concerning how to electrically inject carriers into electronic states that allow optical transitions to occur efficiently. Engineering of an injector stage leading into the dot can provide current injection into an upper dot state; however, to increase the likelihood of an optical transition, the lower dot states must be emptied faster than upper states are occupied. The second issue is that SAQDs have significant inhomogeneous broadening due to the random size distribution. While this may not be a problem in the long term, this issue can be circumvented by using planar photonic crystal or plasmonic approaches to provide wavelength selectivity or other useful functionality. NTIS Crystals; Emitters; Optical Properties; Quantum Dots

81 ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT Includes management planning and research.

20100017235 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Management Framework for Government Agency Contract Requirements Paxton, Joseph; Tucker, Brian; March 6, 2010; 8 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0294; IEEEAC Paper 1656; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources This paper will present a model that uses the Supply-Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model as a foundation for a framework to illustrate the information needed throughout a product lifecycle to support a healthy supply chain management function and the subsequent contract requirements to enable it. It will also show where in the supply chain the information must be extracted. The ongoing case study used to exemplify the model is NASA’s (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Ares I program for human spaceflight. Effective supply chain management and contract requirements are ongoing opportunities for continuous improvement within government agencies, specifically development of systems for human spaceflight operations. Multiple reports from the Government Accountability Office (GAO) reinforce this importance. The SCOR model is a framework for describing a supply chain with process building blocks and business activities. It

179 provides a set of metrics for measuring supply chain performance and best practices for continuously improving. This paper expands the application of the SCOR to also provide the framework for deﬁning information needed from different levels of the supply chain and at different phases of the lifecycle. These needs can be incorporated into contracts to enable more effective supply chain management. Depending on the phase of the lifecycle, effective supply chain management will require involvement from different levels of the organization and different levels of the supply chain. Author Life Cycle Costs; Governments; NASA Space Programs; Management Planning; Logistics

20100017623 National Academy of Sciences - National Research Council, Washington, DC, USA Fostering Visions for the Future: A Review of the NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts 2009; 19 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNH05CC16C; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts (NIAC) was formed in 1998 to provide an independent source of advanced aeronautical and space concepts that could dramatically impact how NASA develops and conducts its missions. Until the program’s termination in August 2007, NIAC provided an independent open forum, a high-level point of entry to NASA for an external community of innovators, and an external capability for analysis and definition of advanced aeronautics and space concepts to complement the advanced concept activities conducted within NASA. Throughout its 9-year existence, NIAC inspired an atmosphere for innovation that stretched the imagination and encouraged creativity. As requested by Congress, this volume reviews the effectiveness of NIAC and makes recommendations concerning the importance of such a program to NASA and to the nation as a whole, including the proper role of NASA and the federal government in fostering scientific innovation and creativity and in developing advanced concepts for future systems. Key findings and recommendations include that in order to achieve its mission, NASA must have, and is currently lacking, a mechanism to investigate visionary, far-reaching advanced concepts. Therefore, a NIAC-like entity should be reestablished to fill this gap. Author NASA Programs; Technology Utilization; Research and Development; Aerospace Technology Transfer

20100017745 Alabama Univ., Huntsville, AL, USA Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Management Framework for Government Agency Contract Requirements Paxton, Joe; March 6, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0292; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017745 Enterprise Supply Chain Management consists of: Specifying suppliers to support inter-program and inter-agency efforts. Optimizing inventory levels and locations throughout the supply chain. Executing corrective actions to improve quality and lead time issues throughout the supply chain. Processing reported data to calculate and make visible supply chain performance (provide information for decisions and actions). Ensuring the right hardware and information is provided at the right time and in the right place. Monitoring the industrial base while developing, producing, operating and retiring a system. Seeing performance deep in the supply chain that could indicate issues affecting system availability and readiness. Author Inventories; Supplying; Schedules; Support Systems; Lessons Learned; Mission Planning; Procedures

82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE Includes information management; information storage and retrieval technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography. For computer program documentation see 61 Computer Programming and Software. 20100016373 Vision Systems and Technology, Inc., Ellicott City, MD USA Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, Wireless Platform Clark, Catherine H.; Spina, John; Bilinski, Michael; April 2009; 11 pp.; In English; SPIE Defense & Security Symposium, 13 - 17 Apr. 2009, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-C-0107; Proj-08SB; 65502F Report No.(s): AD-A516548; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2009-46; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Although more information than ever before is available to support the intelligence analyst, the vast proliferation of types

180 of data, devices, and protocols makes it increasingly difficult to ensure that the right information is received by the right people at the right time. Analysts struggle to balance information overload and an information vacuum depending on their location and available equipment. The ability to securely manage and deliver critical knowledge and actionable intelligence to the analyst regardless of device configuration, classification level or location in a reliable manner would provide the analyst 24/7 access to useable information. There are several important components to an intuitive system that can provide timely information in a user-preferred manner. Two of these components: information presentation based on the user’s preference and requirements and the identification of solutions to the problem of secure information delivery across multiple security levels will be discussed in this paper. DTIC Computers; Information Transfer; Security; User Requirements

20100017011 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA The Goose and the Gander Dauber, Cori E; Apr 2010; 4 pp.; In English Report No.(s): AD-A517566; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) On November 10, 2008, David Rohde, a New York Times reporter, was kidnapped by the Taliban. At the request of the Times, the press embargoed that information-they did not report on it in any fashion-for 7 months, until Rohde escaped. To justify their request, the Times made the case to their colleagues that any publicity would put their reporter’s life in danger. This effort was so aggressive that Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia written and maintained by its readers, kept constant vigil over Rohde’s page, and repeatedly deleted attempts to document the fact of his kidnapping, even though, according to the Times Public Editor, writing on July 5, 2009, the Taliban had already distributed propaganda tapes while Rohde and his associates were captives. This was not the ﬁrst time that the press would withhold information about a kidnapping when the victim was a reporter. When Jill Carroll, a freelance reporter for the Christian Science Monitor, was abducted in Iraq, a press embargo held for 3 days until al Jazeera broke it (and, of course, once one major outlet reports the story, there is little reason for others to hold back). In Afghanistan, CBC reporter Mellissa Fung was held for a month by the Taliban, and that information was not reported during her captivity, either. This desire to keep press kidnappings quiet reﬂects a sad lesson learned from the case of Daniel Pearl, the Wall Street Journal reporter kidnapped and killed in Pakistan in 2002. The Journal, and Pearl’s family, pushed hard to get his story play, hoping it would humanize him to his captors, unfortunately to no avail. DTIC Information Retrieval; Readers; Hazards

20100017053 National Agricultural Statistics Service, Fairfax, VA, USA Census of Agriculture Non-Response Methodology, 2007 Cecere, Will; January 2009; 8 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105495; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Every five years the USDAs National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) conducts a Census of Agriculture for the entire US. NASS strives to achieve the most accurate results through diligent data collection and use of the best methodology available. For the 2007 Census of Agriculture, the non-response adjustment methodology was changed to incorporate the use of classification trees for each state in the US using a set of input variables describing several factors including size and type of farm as well as demographics of the operator. The trees split records into different groups based on which variables defined the largest difference with respect to response rate. End groups, or leaves were adjusted for non-response based on the response rate of their respective leaf. This paper will present details and results of using this methodology on the 2007 Census of Agriculture. NTIS Agriculture; Census

20100017058 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA Million Query Track 2008 Overview Allan, James; Aslam, Javed A; Carterette, Ben; Pavlu, Virgil; Kanoulas, Evangelos; Nov 2008; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): HR0011-06-C-0023 Report No.(s): AD-A517357; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) The Million Query (1MQ) track ran for the second time in TREC 2008. The track is designed to serve two purposes: ﬁrst,

181 it is an exploration of ad-hoc retrieval over a large set of queries and a large collection of documents; second, it investigates questions of system evaluation, in particular whether it is better to evaluate using many shallow judgments or fewer thorough judgments. As with the 2007 track [ACA+07], participants ran 10,000 queries against a collection of 25 million documents. The 2008 track differed in the following ways: 1. Queries were assigned to one of four categories. 2. Each query was assigned a target of 8, 16, 32, 64, or 128 judgments. 3. Assessors could judge documents \not relevant but reasonable. Section 1 describes how the corpus and queries were selected, the query classes, details of the submission formats, and a brief description of each submitted run. Section 2 provides an overview of the judging process, including a sketch of how it alternated between two methods for selecting the small set of documents to be judged. Sections 3.1 and 3.2 provide an overview of those two selection methods, developed at UMass and NEU, respectively. In Section 4 we present statistics collected during the judging process, including the total number of queries judged, how many judgments were served by each approach, and so on, along with the overall results of the track. We present additional results and analysis in Section 5. DTIC Information Retrieval; Information Analysis; Query Languages; Searching

20100017174 New York Dept. of State, Albany, NY, USA Coast Zone Management Study Stage II July 1977; 136 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-104025; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A07, Hardcopy In 1972, the Congress of the USA passed the Coastal Zone Management Act after almost a decade of research leading to a national policy on major waterways. The main purpose of this legislation was to encourage all levels of government to work to achieve the wise use of the land and water resources of the coastal zone giving full consideration to ecological, cultural, historic and aesthetic values as well as the need for economic development. During Phase II of the program, emphasis has been placed on identifying speciﬁc coastal resources and determining which geographical areas are of particular concern either because of their resources or the conditions which exist there. This report contains extensive basic data such as existing land use in the coastal towns, soil conditions, location of wetlands, the status of water and sewer facilities, and zoning as well as a detailed description of the Geographical Areas of Particular Concern. Also included are maps showing permissible land uses by priority for the entire coastal area where land use conﬂicts either already exist or may be anticipated. NTIS Coasts; Marine Resources; Law (Jurisprudence); Environment Management

20100017259 Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX, USA Intelligent Transportation Systems Data Compression Using Wavelet Decomposition Technique Qiao, Fengxiang; Liu, Hao; Yu, Lei; December 2009; 84 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107422; SWUTC/09/167651-1; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) generates massive amounts of traffic data, which posts challenges for data storage, transmission and retrieval. Data compression and reconstruction technique plays an important role in ITS data procession. Traditional compression methods have been utilized in Transportation Management Centers (TMCs), but the data redundancy and compression efficiency problems remain. In this report, the wavelet incorporated ITS data compression method is initiated. The proposed method not only makes use of the conventional compression techniques but, in addition, incorporates the one-dimensional discrete wavelet compression approach. Since the desired wavelet compression is a lossy algorithm, the balancing between the compression ratio and the signal distortion is exceedingly important. During the compression process, the determination of the threshold is the key issue that affects both the compression ratio and the signal distortion. An algorithm is proposed that can properly select the threshold by balancing the two contradicted aspects. Three performance indexes are constructed and the relationships between the three indices and the threshold are identiﬁed in the algorithm. A MATLAB program with the name Wavelet Compression for ITS Data (WCID) has been developed to facilitate the compression tests. A case study on TransGuide ITS data was put into play and a ﬁnal compression ratio of less than one percent on the trade-off threshold value shows that the proposed approach is practical. Finally, the threshold selection algorithm can be further tuned up utilizing Autoregressive model so that the quality of reconstructed data can be improved with a minor overhead of saving only a few parameters. NTIS Data Compression; Decomposition; Signal Distortion; Transportation; Wavelet Analysis

182 20100017348 Berkeley-Charleston-Dorchester Council of Governments (BCDCOG), Charleston, SC, USA COASTIRS (Coastal Information Retrieval System) Library Users’ Manual January 1982; 33 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-104023; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The COASTIRS project had its initial inception in 1980, when the Berkeley-Charleston-Dorchester Council of Governments developed a special classiﬁcation system designed for Coastal Zone and planning documents. This library users’ manual describes the use of the automated library system of COASTIRS. NTIS Coasts; Information Retrieval; Libraries; User Manuals (Computer Programs)

20100017499 Applied Visions, Inc., Northport, NY USA; Warrior, LLC, Arlington, VA, USA Mission Impact of Cyber Events: Scenarios and Ontology to Express the Relationships Between Cyber Assets, Missions, and Users D’Amico, Anita; Buchanan, Laurin; Goodall, John; Walczak, Paul; December 2009; 12 pp.; In English; The 5th International Conference on Information Warfare and Security,8-9Apr.2010, Dayton, OH, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8750-08-C-0166; Proj-063O; 65502F Report No.(s): AD-A517410; AFRL-RI-RS-TP-2010-16; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Awareness of the dependencies between cyber assets, missions and users is critical to assessing the mission impact of cyber attacks and maintaining continuity of business operations. However, there is no systematic method for deﬁning the complex mapping between cyber assets (hardware, software, data), missions and users. This paper reports the results of an interdisciplinary workshop on how to map relationships between cyber assets and the users, missions, business processes and other entities that depend on those assets. The workshop yielded information about types of impact assessment beyond mission and ﬁnancial analyses; scenarios illustrating the complex relationships between assets, mission and users; and models for expressing those relationships. The results will be used to develop a system that will automatically populate an ontology from commonly available network data and allow computer network defense, information technology and disaster recovery practitioners to query the system for information about the impact of the loss or degradation a cyber asset. DTIC Security; Warfare

20100017685 Newcastle Univ., Newcastle, UK Real Distribution of Response Time Instability in Service-Oriented Architecture Gorbenko, Anatoliy; Kharchenko, Vyacheslav; Mamutov, Seyran; Tarasyuk, Olga; Chen, Yuhui; Romanovsky, Alexander; December 2009; 11 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-106083; CS-TR-1182; Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This paper reports our practical experience of benchmarking a complex System Biology Web Service, and investigates the instability of its behaviour and the delays induced by the communication medium. We present the results of our statistical data analysis and the distributions, describing and predicting the response time instability typical of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOAs) built over the Internet. Our experiment has shown that the request processing time of the target e-science Web Service has a higher instability than the network round trip time. It was found that the request processing time can be represented better than the network round trip time using a particular theoretical distribution, moreover the probability distribution series of the round trip time have characteristics make it really difficult to describe them theoretically. The paper concludes with discussing the lessons learnt about the analysis techniques to be used in such experiments, the validity of the data, the main causes of uncertainty and possible remedial action. NTIS Real Time Operation; Service Oriented Architecture; Web Services

183 20100017711 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Past to Present: JPL Library, Archives and Records Young, Margo; March 23, 2006; 6 pp.; In English; Research Center Information Managers Meeting, 23-24 Mar. 2006, Laurel, MD, USA; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41555 This slide presentation reviews the history and current staffing at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the organization changes, new and discontinued services. CASI Documents; Libraries; Management

20100017769 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Augmenting Latent Dirichlet Allocation and Rank Threshold Detection with Ontologies Isaly, Laura A.; March 2010; 109 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-ENG09-256 Report No.(s): AD-A517229; AFIT/GCS/ENG/10-03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) In an ever-increasing data rich environment, actionable information must be extracted, ﬁltered, and correlated from massive amounts of disparate often free text sources. The usefulness of the retrieved information depends on how we accomplish these steps and present the most relevant information to the analyst. One method for extracting information from free text is Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a document categorization technique to classify documents into cohesive topics. Although LDA accounts for some implicit relationships such as synonymy (same meaning) it often ignores other semantic relationships such as polysemy (different meanings), hyponym (subordinate), meronym (part of), and troponomys (manner). To compensate for this de ciency, we incorporate explicit word ontologies, such as WordNet, into the LDA algorithm to account for various semantic relationships. Experiments over the 20 Newsgroups, NIPS, OHSUMED, and IED document collections demonstrate that incorporating such knowledge improves perplexity measure over LDA alone for given parameters. DTIC Detection; Dirichlet Problem; Information Retrieval

20100017793 Department of Transportation, Washington, DC, USA Audit of Information Security Program, Department of Transportation November 18, 2009; 47 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-107577; FI-2010-023; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy In May 2009, the White House reported on the urgent need to secure the Nation’s digital infrastructure from individuals who compromise, steal, change, or destroy information vital to our economy and national security. To protect information and information systems that support Federal operations and assets from such cyber threats, the Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) of 2002 requires agencies to develop, document, and implement agency-wide information security programs. FISMA also requires agency program officials, chief information officers (CIO), and inspectors general to conduct annual reviews of their agency’s information security program and report the results to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Consistent with FISMA and OMB requirements, our overall audit objective was to determine the effectiveness of Department of Transportation’s (DOT’s) information security program and practices. Speciﬁcally, we assessed DOT’s (1) information security policy, (2) enterprise level information security controls, (3) management of known information security weaknesses, (4) system level security controls, and (5) controls over privacy related information. As required by OMB, we also provided various assessments and performance measures to OMB via its Web portal. NTIS Information Management; Information Systems; Security; Transportation

184 88 SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL) Includes general research topics related to the natural space sciences. For speciﬁc topics in space sciences see categories 89 through 93.

20100017062 Air Force Inst. of Tech., Wright-Patterson AFB, OH USA Verification of KAM Theory on Earth Orbiting Satellites Bisher, Christian L.; Mar. 2010; 65 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AD-A516832; AFIT/GAE/ENY/10-M03; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA516832 This paper uses KAM torus theory and Simplified General Perturbations 4 (SGP4) orbit prediction techniques compiled by Dr. William Wiesel and compares it to Analytical Graphics Incorporated (AGI)Satellite Toolkit (STK) orbit data. The goal of this paper is to verify KAM torus theory can be used to describe and propagate an Earth satellite orbit with similar accuracy to existing general perturbation techniques. Using SGP4 code including only truncated geopotential effects, KAM torus generating code, and other utilities were used to describe a particular satellite orbit as a torus and then propagate the satellite using traditional and KAM torus techniques. These results were compared with similar data generated from initial conditions in STK. Comparisons show orbit prediction for this particular satellite can be made with low kilometer level accuracy. It is claimed with increased mathematical precision and orbital model detail, KAM torus theory applied to orbit prediction techniques can produce more accurate results than currently achievable. DTIC Artificial Satellites; Earth Orbits; Kits

20100017094 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Human Population of Space and its Impact on Survival Probabilities Curreri, Peter A.; March 14, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Earth and Space 2010 Conference, 14-17 Mar. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017094 Two contemporary issues foretell a shift from our historical Earth based industrial economy and habitation to a solar system based society. The first is the limits to Earth’s carrying capacity, that is the maximum number of people that the Earth can support before a catastrophic impact to the health of the planet and human species occurs. The simple example of carrying capacity is that of a bacterial colony in a Petri dish with a limited amount of nutrient. The colony experiences exponential population growth until the carrying capacity is reached after which catastrophic depopulation often results. Estimates of the Earth s carrying capacity vary between 14 and 40 billion people. Although at current population growth rates we may have over a century before we reach Earth s carrying limit our influence on climate and resources on the planetary scale is becoming scientifically established. The second issue is the exponential growth of knowledge and technological power. The exponential growth of technology interacts with the exponential growth of population in a manner that is unique to a highly intelligent species. Thus, the predicted consequences (world famines etc.) of the limits to growth have been largely avoided due to technological advances. However, at the mid twentieth century a critical coincidence occurred in these two trends humanity obtained the technological ability to extinguish life on the planetary scale (by nuclear, chemical, biological means) and attained the ability to expand human life beyond Earth. This paper examines an optimized O Neill/Glaser model (O Neill 1975; Curreri 2007; Detweiler and Curreri 2008) for the economic human population of space. Critical to this model is the utilization of extraterrestrial resources, solar power and spaced based labor. A simple statistical analysis is then performed which predicts the robustness of a single planet based technological society versus that of multiple world (independent habitats) society. Author Probability Theory; Optimization; Earth Sciences; Populations

20100017341 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Progress on Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Century Creech, Steve; [2010]; 19 pp.; In English; 2010 IEEE Aerospace Conference, 6-13 Mar. 2010, Big Sky, MT, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0402; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017341 The NASA Ares Projects Office is developing the launch vehicles to move the USA and humanity beyond low earth orbit.

185 Ares V is a heavy lift vehicle being designed to launch cargo into LEO and transfer cargo and crews to the Moon. Heavy Lift is a national asset with applications to science, business, and national defense. This is a snapshot of development. Ares V is early in the requirements formulation stage of development pending White House and Congressional deliberations. Work date will be useful to any future heavy lift development. Derived from text Ares 5 Cargo Launch Vehicle; Moon; Payloads; NASA Space Programs

20100017430 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Large Scale Shearography Inspection of the Space Shuttle External Fuel Tank Ussery, Warren; Scheurer, Phillip; Rivers, Joanna; Walker, James; Lovell, Donald; March 22, 2010; 19 pp.; In English; ASNT Spring Conference 2010, 22-26 Mar. 2010, Williamsburg, VA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0407; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017430 Shearography was successfully used to inspect the damaged region of ET122 for nonvisible damage. The shearography inspection was extensive covering over 3100 square feet of foam and lasting 9 months. Most foam damage was visible and shearography results conﬁrmed that foam damage in visibly impacted regions did not extend outside the area with visible damage. Of the 21 nonvisible defect indications detected with shearography, none were determined to be actual foam damage. Inspections were intentionally conservative since no experience base was available for debris damaged foam. Shearography results were used in conjunction with tactile and visual inspection to support the acceptance of the foam application allowing the tank to move forward for refurbishment. Derived from text External Tanks; Fuel Tanks; Inspection; Shearography; Space Shuttles

20100017479 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Structures: Expandable Habitat Engineering Development Unit Hinkle, Jon; Sharpe, George; Lin, John; Wiley, Cliff; Timmers, Richard; March 2010; 56 pp.; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNL05AA28C; WBS 441261.01.04 Report No.(s): NASA/CR-2010-216682; NF167L-9675; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A04, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017479 Expandable habitable elements are an enabling technology for human exploration in space and on planetary surfaces. Large geometries can be deployed from a small launch volume, allowing greater mission capability while reducing mass and improving robustness over traditional rigid shells. This report describes research performed by ILC Dover under the Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Structures program on the design and manufacture of softgoods for LaRC’s Expandable Habitat Engineering Development Unit (EDU). The EDU is a full-scale structural test article of an expandable hybrid habitat, integrating an expandable softgoods center section with two rigid end caps. The design of the bladder, restraint layer and a mock-up Thermal Micrometeoroid Cover is detailed together with the design of the interface hardware used to attach them to the end caps. The integration and design of two windows and a ﬂoor are also covered. Analysis was performed to study the effects of the open weave design, and to determine the correct webbing and fabric conﬁguration. Stress analyses were also carried out on the interfaces between the softgoods and the end caps and windows. Testing experimentally determined the strength of the fabric and straps, and component testing was used to proof several critical parts of the design. This program established new manufacturing and design techniques that can be applied to future applications in expandable structures. Author Expandable Structures; Full Scale Tests; Planetary Surfaces; Fabrication; Extravehicular Activity; Smart Materials

20100017608 United Space Alliance, Houston, TX, USA The Evolution of the Rendezvous Profile During the Space Shuttle Program Summa, William R.; April 30, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; AIAAAnnual Technical Symposium, 30 Apr. 2010, Houston, TX, USA Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNJ06VA01C Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20533; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only The rendezvous and proximity operations approach design techniques for space shuttle missions has changed significantly during the life of the program in response to new requirements that were not part of the original mission design. The flexibility of the shuttle onboard systems design and the mission planning process has allowed the program to meet these requirements.

186 The design of the space shuttle and the shift from docking to grappling with a robotic ann prevented use of legacy Apollo rendezvous techniques. Over the life of the shuttle program the rendezvous proﬁle has evolved due to several factors, including lowering propellant consumption and increasing ﬂexibility in mission planning. Many of the spacecraft that the shuttle rendezvoused with had unique requirements that drove the creation of mission-unique proximity operations. The dockings to the Russian Mir space station and International Space Station (ISS) required further evolution of rendezvous and proximity operations techniques and additional sensors to enhance crew situational awareness. After the Columbia accident, a Rendezvous Pitch Maneuver (RPM) was added to allow tile photography from ISS. Lessons learned from these rendezvous design changes are applicable to future vehicle designs and operations concepts. Author Space Shuttle Missions; Rendezvous Spacecraft; Spacecraft Docking; NASA Space Programs

20100017722 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA MER Surface Phase; Blurring the Line Between Fault Protection and What is Supposed to Happen Reeves, Glenn E.; February 1, 2008; 19 pp.; In English; 31st AAS Guidance and Control Conference, 1-6 Feb. 2008, Breckenridge, CO, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): AAS 08-032; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41524 An assessment on the limitations of communication with MER rovers and how such constraints drove the system design, ﬂight software and fault protection architecture, blurring the line between traditional fault protection and expected nominal behavior, and requiring the most novel autonomous and semi-autonomous elements of the vehicle software including communication, surface mobility, attitude knowledge acquisition, fault protection, and the activity arbitration service. Author Roving Vehicles; Flight Control; Systems Engineering; Attitude (Inclination); Applications Programs (Computers)

20100017734 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Intertwining Risk Insights and Design Decisions Cornford, Steven L.; Feather, Martin S.; Jenkins, J. Steven; May 14, 2006; 9 pp.; In English; International Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management, 14-19 May 2006, New Orleans, LA, USA; Original contains black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41567 The state of systems engineering is such that a form of early and continued use of risk assessments is conducted (as evidenced by NASA’s adoption and use of the ‘Continuous Risk Management’ paradigm developed by SEI). ... However, these practices fall short of theideal: (1) Integration between risk assessment techniques and other systems engineering tools is weak. (2) Risk assessment techniques and the insights they yield are only informally coupled to design decisions. (3) Individual riskassessment techniques lack the mix of breadth, fidelity and agility required to span the gamut of the design space. In this paper we present an approach that addresses these shortcomings. The hallmark of our approach is a simple representation comprising objectives (what the system is to do), risks (whose occurrence would detract from attainment of objectives) and activities (a.k.a. ‘mitigations’) that, if performed, will decrease those risks. These are linked to indicate by how much a risk would detract from attainment of an objective, and by how much an activity would reduce a risk. The simplicity of our representational framework gives it the breadth to encompass the gamut of the design space concerns, the agility to be utilized in even the earliest phases of designs, and the capability to connect to system engineering models and higher-fidelity risk tools. It is through this integration that we address the shortcomings listed above, and so achieve the intertwining between risk insights and design decisions needed to guide systems engineering towards superior final designs while avoiding costly rework to achieve them. The paper will use an example, constructed to be representative of space mission design, to illustrate our approach. Author Risk Assessment; Risk Management; Space Missions; Systems Engineering; Mission Planning; Measure and Integration

187 89 ASTRONOMY Includes observations of celestial bodies; astronomical instruments and techniques; radio, gamma-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared astronomy; and astrometry.

20100017098 National Space Science and Technology Center, Huntsville, AL, USA All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Monitor Wilson-Hodge, C. A.; Beklen, E.; Bhat, P. N.; Briggs, M.; Camero-Arranz, A.; Case, G.; Chaplin, V.; Cherry, M.; Connaughton, V.; Finger, M.; Jenke, P.; Paciesas, W.; Preece, R.; Rodi, J.; Mar. 1, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; High Energy Astrophysics Division of American Astronomical Society (HEAD) 2010, 1-4 Mar. 2010, Big Island, HI, USA Report No.(s): M10-0126; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Using the Gamma Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) on-board Fermi, we are monitoring the hard X-ray/soft gamma ray sky using the Earth occultation technique. Each time a source in our catalog is occulted by (or exits occultation by) the Earth, we measure its ﬂux using the change in count rates due to the occultation. Currently we are using CTIME data with 8 energy channels spanning 8 keV to 1 MeV for the GBM NaI detectors and spanning 150 keV to 40 MeV for the GBM BGO detectors. Our preliminary catalog consists of galactic X-ray binaries, the Crab Nebula, and active galactic nuclei. New sources are added to our catalog as they become active or upon request. In addition to Earth occultations, we have observed numerous occultations with Fermi’s solar panels. We will present early results. Regularly updated results will be found on our website http://gammaray.nsstc.nasa.gov/gbm/science/occultation. Author Gamma Ray Bursts; Gamma Rays; Occultation; X Rays; Gamma Ray Astronomy; Spaceborne Astronomy

20100017140 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Science and Technology Review June 2009 Bearinger, Jane F.; June 05, 2009; 28 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48; DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-963527; UCRL-TR-52000-09-6; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This month’s issue has the following articles: (1) A Safer and Even More Effective TATB - Commentary by Bruce T. Goodwin; (2) Dissolving Molecules to Improve Their Performance - Computer scientists and chemists have teamed to develop a green method for recycling a valuable high explosive that is no longer manufactured; (3) Exceptional People Producing Great Science - Postdoctoral researchers lend their expertise to projects that support the Laboratory’s missions; (4) Revealing the Identities and Functions of Microbes - A new imaging technique illuminates bacterial metabolic pathways and complex relationships; and (5) A Laser Look inside Planets - Laser-driven ramp compression may one day reveal the interior structure of Earth-like planets in other solar systems. NTIS Quantum Mechanics; Research and Development

20100017168 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA New Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar Weisskopf, Martin C.; Tennant, Allyn F.; ODell, Stephen L.; Elsner, Ronald f.; Yakovlev, Dmitry R.; Zavlin, Vyacheslav E.; Becker, Werner; Mar. 1, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; High Energy Astrophysics Division (HEAD) 2010, 1-4 Mar. 2010, Waikoloa, HI, USA Report No.(s): M10-0240; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only We present a phase-resolved study of the X-ray spectrum of the Crab Pulsar, using data obtained in a special mode with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The superb angular resolution easily enables discerning the Pulsar from the surrounding nebulosity, even at pulse minimum. We ﬁnd that the Pulsar’s X-ray spectral index varies sinusoidally with phase---except over the same phase range for which rather abrupt changes in optical polarization magnitude and position angle have been reported. In addition, we use the X-ray data to constrain the surface temperature for various neutron-star equations of state and atmospheres. Finally, we present new data on dynamical variations of structure within the Nebula. Author Crab Nebula; Pulsars; X Ray Astrophysics Facility; Neutron Stars; X Rays; Optical Polarization

188 20100017277 Washington Univ., Seattle, WA USA V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Range of Standard Model Accretion Disks Linnell, Albert P.; Godon, Patrick; Hubeny, Ivan; Sion, Edward M; Szkody, Paula; Barrett, Paul E.; The Astrophysical Journal; Oct. 2009; Volume 703, pp. 1839-1850; In English; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAS5-26555; NAS5-32985; NNG04GC97G; NNX08AJ39G; GO-09724; HST-AR-10657.01-A; NSF AST-08087892 Report No.(s): AD-A513043; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA513043; http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/703/2/1839 A chi-squared analysis of standard model accretion disk synthetic spectrum fits to combined Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectra of V3885 Sagittarius, on an absolute flux basis, selects a model that accurately represents the observed spectral energy distribution. Calculation of the synthetic spectrum requires the following system parameters. The cataclysmic variable secondary star period-mass relation calibrated by Knigge in 2006 and 2007 sets the secondary component mass. A mean white dwarf (WD) mass from the same study, which is consistent with an observationally determined mass ratio, sets the adopted WD mass of 0.7M(solar mass), and the WD radius follows from standard theoretical models. The adopted inclination,i=65deg, is a literature consensus, and is subsequently supported by chi-squared analysis. The mass transfer rate is the remaining parameter to set the accretion disk T(sub eff) profile, and the Hipparcos parallax constrains that parameter to mas transfer = (5.0 +/- 2.0) x 10(exp -9) M(solar mass)/yr by a comparison with observed spectra. The fit to the observed spectra adopts the contribution of a 57,000 +/- 5000 K WD. The model thus provides realistic constraints on mass transfer and T(sub eff) for a large mass transfer system above the period gap. Author Accretion Disks; Binary Stars; Cataclysmic Variables; Dwarf Stars; Mass Spectra; Mathematical Models; Novae; White Dwarf Stars; Ultraviolet Astronomy; Spaceborne Astronomy

20100017720 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Linear Thermal Expansion Measurements of Lead Magnesium Niobate (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Terrestrial Planet Finder Coronagraph Karlmann, Paul B.; Halverson, Peter G.; Peters, Robert D.; Levine, Marie B.; VanBuren, David; Dudik, Matthew J.; July 30, 2005; 10 pp.; In English; SPIE Optics and Photonics, 30 Jul. - 6 Aug. 2005, San Diego, CA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41518 Linear thermal expansion measurements of nine samples of Lead Magnesium Niobate (PMN) electroceramic material were recently performed in support of NASA’s Terrestrial Planet Finder Coronagraph (TPF-C) mission. The TPF-C mission is a visible light coronagraph designed to look at roughly 50 stars pre- selected as good candidates for possessing earth-like planets. Upon detection of an earth-like planet, TPF-C will analyze the visible-light signature of the planet’s atmosphere for speciﬁc spectroscopic indicators that life may exist there. With this focus, the project’s primary interest in PMN material is for use as a solid-state actuator for deformable mirrors or compensating optics. The nine test samples were machined from three distinct boules of PMN ceramic manufactured by Xinetics Inc. Thermal expansion measurements were performed in 2005 at NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in their Cryogenic Dilatometer Facility. All measurements were performed in vacuum with sample temperature actively controlled over the range of 270K to 3 10K. Expansion and contraction of the test samples with temperature was measured using a JPL developed interferometric system capable of sub-nanometer accuracy. Presented in this paper is a discussion of the sample conﬁguration, test facilities, test method, data analysis, test results, and future plans. Author Terrestrial Planets; Coronagraphs; Thermal Expansion; Magnesium; Niobates; Light (Visible Radiation); Ceramics

20100017721 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Science Missions Jarnot, Robert F.; Padmanabhan, Sharmila; Raffanti, Richard; Richards, Brian; Stek, Paul; Werthimer, Dan; Nikolic, Borivoje; April 2010; 40 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF 0403427 Report No.(s): JPL D-65675; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41514 A fully digital polyphase spectrometer recently developed by the University of California Berkeley Wireless Research Center in conjunction with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory provides a low mass, power, and cost implementation of a spectrum

189 channelizer for submillimeter spectrometers for future missions to the Inner and Outer Solar System. The digital polyphase ﬁlter bank spectrometer (PFB) offers broad bandwidth with high spectral resolution, minimal channel-to-channel overlap, and high out-of-band rejection. Author Spectrometers; Digital Filters; High Resolution; Gas Giant Planets; Submillimeter Waves; Broadband

90 ASTROPHYSICS Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust.

20100017089 Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM USA Solar Mechanics Thermal Response Capabilities Dobranich, Dean; July 2009; 57 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC04-94AL85000 Report No.(s): DE2010-970253; SAND2009-4181; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) In many applications, the thermal response of structures exposed to solar heat loads is of interest. Solar mechanics governing equations were developed and integrated with the Calore thermal response code via user subroutines to provide this computational simulation capability. Solar heat loads are estimated based on the latitude and day of the year. Vector algebra is used to determine the solar loading on each face of a ﬁnite element model based on its orientation relative to the sun as the earth rotates. Atmospheric attenuation is accounted for as the optical path length varies from sunrise to sunset. Both direct and diffuse components of solar ﬂux are calculated. In addition, shadowing of structures by other structures can be accounted for. User subroutines were also developed to provide convective and radiative boundary conditions for the diurnal variations in air temperature and effective sky temperature. NTIS Solar Heating; Temperature Effects; Thermal Diffusion

20100017102 Middle Tennessee State Univ., Murfreesboro, TN, USA Nuclear Astrophysics and Neutron Cross Section Measurements. Final Report. January 1, 2006-July 31, 2008 February 2005; 29 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG05-86ER40293 Report No.(s): DE2009-968315; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) This enduring research program of 28 years has taken advantage of the excellent research facility of ORELA at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The fruitful collaborations include a number of scientists from ORNL and some from LASL. This program which has ranged from nuclear structure determinations to astrophysical applications has resulted in the identiﬁcation and/or the reﬁnement of the nuclear properties of more than 5,000 nuclear energy levels or compound energy states. The nuclei range from 30Si to 250Cf, the probes range from thermal to 50 MeV neutrons, and the studies range from capture gamma ray spectra to total and differential scattering and absorption cross sections. NTIS Astrophysics; Neutron Cross Sections; Nuclear Astrophysics; Nuclear Fusion

20100017149 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays Fowler, T.; Colgate, S.; Li, E.; July 01, 2009; 55 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48 Report No.(s): DE2009-963520; LLNL-TR-414420; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Turbulence-driven plasma accelerators produced by magnetized accretion disks around black holes are proposed as the mechanism mainly responsible for observed cosmic ray protons with ultra high energies 10(sup 19)-10(sup 21) eV. The magnetized disk produces a voltage comparable to these cosmic ray energies. Here we present a Poynting model in which this voltage provides all of the energy to create the jet-like structures observed to be ejected from accretion disks, and this voltage also accelerates ions to high energies at the top of the expanding structure. Since the inductive electricfield E=-v x B driving expansion has no component parallel to the magnetic field B, ion acceleration requires plasma wave generation - either a coherent wave accelerator as recently proposed, or instability-driven turbulence. We find that turbulence can tap the full inductive voltage as a quasi-steady accelerator, and even higher energies are produced by transient events on this structure.

190 We ﬁnd that both MHD modes due to the current and ion diffusion due to kinetic instability caused by the non-Maxwellian ion distribution contribute to acceleration. We apply our results to extragalactic giant radiolobes, whose synchrotron emissions serve to calibrate the model, and we discuss extrapolating to other astrophysical structures. Approximate calculations of the cosmic ray intensity and energy spectrum are in rough agreement with data and serve to motivate more extensive MHD and kinetic simulations of turbulence that could provide more accurate cosmic ray and synchrotron spectra to be compared with observations. A distinctive difference from previous models is that the cosmic ray and synchrotron emissions arise from different parts of the magnetic structure, thus providing a signature for the model. NTIS Black Holes (Astronomy); Cosmic Rays; Energy Spectra; Plasma Physics; Plasma Waves

20100017284 Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, La Serena, Chile Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and 2009 Tokovinin, Andrei; Mason, Brian D.; Hartkopf, William I.; The Astrophysical Journal; Feb. 2010; Volume 139, pp. 743-756; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNH06AD70I Report No.(s): AD-A514179; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA514179; http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/139/2/743 The results of speckle interferometric measurements of binary and multiple stars conducted in 2008 and 2009 at the Blanco and Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) 4 m telescopes in Chile are presented. A total of 1898 measurements of 1189 resolved pairs or sub-systems and 394 observations of 285 un-resolved targets are listed. We resolved for the ﬁrst time 48 new pairs, 21 of which are new sub-systems in close visual multiple stars. Typical internal measurement precision is 0.3 mas in both coordinates, typical companion detection capability is delta m approximately 4.2 at 0.15 degree separation. These data were obtained with a new electron-multiplication CCD camera; data processing is described in detail, including estimation of magnitude difference, observational errors, detection limits, and analysis of artifacts. We comment on some newly discovered pairs and objects of special interest. Author Binary Stars; Orbits; Speckle Interferometry; Telescopes; Orbit Calculation; Orbital Mechanics; Orbital Elements; Triple Stars

20100017295 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Report Marr, James C.; Proceedings SPIE, Space Missions and Technology; May 24, 2006; Volume 6268; 22 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41548 SIM-PlanetQuest is a NASA astrophysics mission that is implementing the National Research Counsel’s recommended Astrometric Interferometry Mission (AIM) to develop the first, in-space, optical, long-baseline Michelson Stellar Interferometer for performing micro-arcsecond-level astrometry. This level of astrometric precision will enable characterization of planetary systems around nearby stars and enable a number of key investigations in astrophysics including calibration of the cosmological distance scale, stellar and galactic structure and evolution, and dark matter/energy distribution. This paper provides an update on the SIM-PlanetQuest Mission covering the results of the 2005 mission redesign and the recent completion of the last in a series of technology ‘gates.’ The SIM-PlanetQuest mission redesign was directed by NASA to recover eroded mass and power margins and to meet specific implementation cost targets. The resulting mission redesign met all redesign objectives with minimal impact to mission science performance. This paper provides the mission redesign objectives and describes the resulting mission and system design including changes in science capability. SIM-PlanetQuest also completed the last of eight major technology development gates that were established in 2001 by NASA, completing the enabling technology development. The technology development program, the last gate, and its significance to the project’s flight verification and validation (V&V) approach are briefly described (covered in more detail in a separate paper at this conference). An update on project programmatic status and plans is also provided. Author Michelson Interferometers; Astrophysics; Stellar Structure; Mission Planning; Planetary Systems; Galactic Structure; Cosmology; Calibrating

191 20100017373 Bay Area Environmental Research Inst., Sonoma , CA, USA; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols Bergstrom, R. W.; Pilewskie, P.; Russell, P. B.; Redemann, J.; Bond, T. C.; Quinn, P. K.; Sierau, B.; Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics; December 04, 2007; Volume 7, pp. 5937-5943; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNA06CA92A; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5937-2007 We have determined the solar spectral absorption optical depth of atmospheric aerosols for specific case studies during several field programs (three cases have been reported previously; two are new results). We combined airborne measurements of the solar net radiant flux density and the aerosol optical depth with a detailed radiative transfer model for all but one of the cases. The field programs (SAFARI 2000, ACE Asia, PRIDE, TARFOX, INTEX-A) contained aerosols representing the major absorbing aerosol types: pollution, biomass burning, desert dust and mixtures. In all cases the spectral absorption optical depth decreases with wavelength and can be approximated with a power-law wavelength dependence (Absorption Angstrom Exponent or AAE). We compare our results with other recent spectral absorption measurements and attempt to briefly summarize the state of knowledge of aerosol absorption spectra in the atmosphere. We discuss the limitations in using the AAE for calculating the solar absorption. We also discuss the resulting spectral single scattering albedo for these cases. Author Absorption Spectra; Aerosols; Optical Thickness; Earth Observing System (EOS); Absorption Spectroscopy

20100017630 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk Around a Black Hole at Low Luminosity Tomsick, John A.; Yamaoka, Kazutaka; Corbel, Stephane; Kaaret, Philip; Kalemci, Emrah; Migliari, Simone; The Astrophysical Journal - Letters; 2009; Volume 707, No. 1; 1 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AJ59G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L87 Most black hole binaries show large changes in X-ray luminosity caused primarily by variations in mass accretion rate. An important question for understanding black hole accretion and jet production is whether the inner edge of the accretion disk recedes at low accretion rate. Measurements of the location of the inner edge (R(sub in)) can be made using iron emission lines that arise due to fluorescence of iron in the disk, and these indicate that R(sub in) is very close to the black hole at high and moderate luminosities (greater than approximately equal to 1% of the Eddington luminosity, L(sub Edd). Here, we report on X-ray observation of the black hole GX 339-4 in the hard state by Suzaku and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) that extend iron line studies to 0.14% L(sub Edd) and show that R(sub in) increases by a factor of greater than 27 over the value found when GX 339-4 was bright. The exact value of R(sub in) depends on the inclination of the inner disk (i), and we derive 90% confidence limits of R(sub in) greater than 35R(sub g) ati=0degrees and R(sub in) greater than 175R(sub g) ati=30degrees. This provides direct evidence that the inner portion of the disk is not present at low luminosity, allowing for the possibility that the inner disk is replaced by advection- or magnetically-dominated accretion flows. Author Accretion Disks; Black Holes (Astronomy); Luminosity; Astrophysics; Approximation

20100017663 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and Ejection Kalemci; Tomsick, John A.; Migliari; Corbel; Markoff; Proceedings of the 2nd Kolkata Conference on Observational Evidence for Black Holes in the Universe; [2010]; Volume 1053, pp. 201; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AJ59G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources The canonical hard state is associated with emission from all three fundamental accretion components: the accretion disk, the hot accretion disk corona and the jet. On top of these, the hard state also hosts very rich temporal variability properties (low frequency QPOs in the PDS, time lags, long time scale evolution). Our group has been working on the major questions of the hard state both observationally (with mult i-wavelength campaigns using RXTE, Swift, Suzaku, Spitzer, VLA, ATCA, SMARTS) and theoretically (through jet models that can fit entire SEDs). Through spectral and temporal analysis we seek to determine the geometry of accretion components, and relate the geometry to the formation and emission from a jet. In this presentation I will review the recent contributions of our group to the field, including the Swift results on the disk geometry at low accretion rates, the jet model fits to the hard state SEDs (including Spitzer data) of GRO J1655-40, and the final results

192 on the evolution of spectral (including X-ray, radio and infrared) and temporal properties of elected black holes in the hard states. I will also talk about impact of ASTROSAT to the science objective of our group. Author Accretion Disks; Black Holes (Astronomy); Ejection; Galaxies

20100017690 Massachusetts Univ., Lowell, MA USA Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Transmitters Song, P.; Reinisch, B. W.; Huang, X.; Sales, G. S.; Tu, J.; Paznukhov, V. V.; March 30, 2009; 171 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): UMLRF-003; F19628-05-C-0070; Proj-DARP; 63278E Report No.(s): AD-A517099; AFRL-RV-HA-TR-2009-1121; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/100.2/ADA517099 We study the feasibility of transmitting whistler mode waves in space for stimulating wave-particle interaction in the radiation belts. We investigated both theoretically and experimentally the antenna-plasma interaction, the whistler waves radiated from a space-borne transmitter, and the VLF waves radiated from ground-based transmitters. We have developed a one-dimensional model of the high-voltage-antenna-sheath-plasma both analytically and numerically, and compared the results with the space transmission experiments made by the Radio Plasma Imager on the IMAGE satellite. We have developed a general theory for whistler wave radiation in space. Our results have shown that previous antenna sheath theories need significant modifications and the previous whistler wave radiation theory contains substantial mathematical errors and flaws. The model developed a few decades ago to describe the whistler waves penetrating through the ionosphere and propagating in the magnetosphere also needs significant improvements. This project has laid solid foundation for further investigations and modeling of space-borne whistler transmissions. DTIC Radiation Belts; Transmitters; Wave-Particle Interactions; Whistlers

20100017726 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 and the Geometry of Accreting Black Holes in the Hard State Tomsick, John A.; Kalemci, Emrah; Kaaret, Philip; Markoff, Sera; Corbel, Stephane; Migliari, Simone; Fender, Rob; Bailyn, Charles D.; Buxton, Michelle M.; The Astrophysical Journal; 2008; Volume 680, No. 1, pp. 593; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AJ59G; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/587797 A major question in the study of black hole binaries involves our understanding of the accretion geometry when the sources are in the ‘hard’ state, with an X-ray energy spectrum dominated by a hard power-law component and radio emission coming from a steady ‘compact’ jet. Although the common hard state picture is that the accretion disk is truncated, perhaps at hundreds of gravitational radii (Rg) from the black hole, recent results for the recurrent transient GX 339-4 by Miller and coworkers show evidence for disk material very close to the black hole’s innermost stable circular orbit. That work studied GX 339-4 at a luminosity of approximately 5% of the Eddington limit (L(sub Edd) and used parameters from a relativistic reﬂection model and the presence of a thermal component as diagnostics. Here we use similar diagnostics but extend the study to lower luminosities (2.3% and 0.8% L(sub Edd)) using Swift and RXTE observations of GX 339-4. We detect a thermal component with an inner disk temperature of approximately 0.2 keV at 2.3% L (sub Edd). At both luminosities, we detect broad features due to iron K-alpha that are likely related to reﬂection of hard X-rays off disk material. If these features are broadened by relativistic effects, they indicate that the material resides within 10 Rg, and the measurements are consistent with the disk’s inner radius remaining at approximately 4 Rg down to 0.8% L(sub Edd). However, we also discuss an alternative model for the broadening, and we note that the evolution of the thermal component is not entirely consistent with the constant inner radius interpretation. Finally, we discuss the results in terms of recent theoretical work by Liu and co-workers on the possibility that material may condense out of an Advection-Dominated Accretion Flow to maintain an inner optically thick disk. Author Accretion Disks; Black Holes (Astronomy); Radii; X Rays; X Ray Astronomy; X Ray Stars; Binary Stars

193 20100017729 NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, CA, USA Working at NASA Harding, Adam; April 28, 2010; 25 pp.; In English; Working at NASA, 28 Apr. 2010, Palmdale, CA, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): DFRC-2030; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017729 This slide presentation reviews the author’s educational and work background prior to working at NASA. It then presents an overview of NASA Dryden, a brief review of the author’s projects while working at NASA, and some closing thoughts. CASI NASA Programs; Research Facilities; Qualiﬁcations; Experience

20100017859 Columbia Univ., New York, NY, USA New Electrostatically-Focused, UV HPD for Liquid Xenon: A Direct Comparison with APD, PMT, SiPM in an Integrated Database (08/15/05-08/14/07) Aprile, Elena; January 2007; 35 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-FG02-05ER41389 Report No.(s): DE2010-963054; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The operation of different avalanche photodiodes (APDs) for detection of liquid xenon scintillation was investigated. Quantum efficiencies of 1.08 plus or minus 0.05 and 0.80 plus or minus 0.14 where measured for two APD’s provided by Advanced Photonix Inc. (API) and Hamamatsu Photonics, respectively. Both APD types were found to reach gains above 200, although gains as low as a few tens may prove sufficient to achieve optimum performance. Compared to the API photodiodes, the Hamamatsu APDs used in these tests exhibited poor performance. NTIS Avalanche Diodes; Data Bases; Photodiodes; Xenon

20100017867 Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, CA, USA The Mock LISA Data Challenges: History, Status, Prospects Vallisneri, Michele; Babak, Stas; Baker, John; Benacquista, Matt; Cornish, Neil; Crowder, Jeff; Cutler, Curt; Larson, Shane; Littenberg, Tyson; Porter, Edward; Vecchio, Alberto; December 15, 2007; 23 pp.; In English; 12th Gravitational Wave Data Analysis Workshop, 13 Dec. 2007, Cambridge, MA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2014/41529 This slide presentation reviews the importance for the Mock LISA Data Challenges (MLDC). Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a gravitational wave (GW) observatory that will return data such that data analysis is integral to the measurement concept. Further rationale of the MLDC are to kickstart the development of a LISA data-analysis computational infrastructure, and to encourage, track, and compare progress in LISA data-analysis development in the open community. The MLDCs is a coordinated, voluntary effort in GW community, that will periodically issue datasets with synthetic noise and GW signals from sources of undisclosed parameters; increasing difficulty. The challenge participants return parameter estimates and descriptions of search methods. Some of the challenges and the resultant entries are reviewed. The aim is to show that LISA data analysis is possible, and to develop new techniques, using multiple international teams for the development of LISA core analysis tools CASI Gravitational Waves; Parameter Identiﬁcation; Gravity Waves; Data Reduction; Astronomical Interferometry

20100017886 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA Using Plasma Physics to Weigh the Photon Ryutov, D. D.; June 28, 2007; 14 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-Eng-48 Report No.(s): PB2010-107046; UCRL-JRNL-232265; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy The currently accepted value for the upper bound for the photon mass mph is 22 orders of magnitude less than the electron mass. As the mass mph is so incredibly small, it has essentially no effect on the atomic and nuclear physics, and it is very difficult to improve this estimate by laboratory experiments. However, even a very small mass may have signiﬁcant effect on astrophysical phenomena occurring at the scale exceeding the photon Compton length. Based on the set of MHD equations

194 (written with the account for the ﬁnite photon mass), the author analyzes properties of the Solar wind at the Pluto orbit and comes up with an improved (reduced) by a factor of 70 estimate of the photon mass. Possible opportunities and challenges for the further reduction of the upper limit for mph based on the properties of larger-scale astrophysical objects, are discussed. NTIS Photons; Plasma Physics; Plasmas (Physics)

20100017892 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA USA; Princeton Univ. Observatory, NJ, USA; Tokyo Univ., Japan; Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Japan Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy from the Third Data Release Quasar Lens Catalog Oguri, Masamune; Inada, Naohisa; Strauss, Michael A.; Kochanek, Christopher S.; Richards, Gordon T.; November 28, 2007; 11 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC02-76SF00515 Report No.(s): PB2010-107054; UCRL-JRNL-236836; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy We present cosmological results from the statistics of lensed quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Quasar Lens Search. By taking proper account of the selection function, we compute the expected number of quasars lensed by early-type galaxies and their image separation distribution assuming a ﬂat universe, which is then compared with 7 lenses found in the SDSS Data Release 3 to derive constraints on dark energy under strictly controlled criteria. NTIS Catalogs (Publications); Dark Energy; Lenses; Quasars; Sky Surveys (Astronomy)

91 LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION Includes planetology; selenology; meteorites; comets; and manned and unmanned planetary and lunar ﬂights. For spacecraft design or space stations see 18 Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance.

20100017019 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Overview of the Altair Lunar Lander Thermal Control System Design Stephan, Ryan A.; [2010]; 7 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 119103.01.01 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20210; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017019 NASA’s Constellation Program has been developed to successfully return humans to the Lunar surface by 2020. The Constellation Program includes several different project offices including Altair, which is the next generation Lunar Lander. The planned Altair missions are very different than the Lunar missions accomplished during the Apollo era. These differences have resulted in a signiﬁcantly different thermal control system architecture. The current paper will summarize the Altair mission architecture and the various operational phases. In addition, the derived thermal requirements will be presented. The paper will conclude with a brief description of the thermal control system designed to meet these unique and challenging thermal requirements. Author Altair Lunar Lander; Control Systems Design; Temperature Control; General Overviews; Manned Space Flight

20100017076 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA A New Representative for Small-Body Gravity Estimation Jones, Brandon A.; Beylkin, Gregory; Born, George H.; Provence, Robert S.; [2010]; 2 pp.; In English; 2010 AIAA/AAS Astrodynamics Specialists, 2-5 Aug. 2010, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Original contains black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNX08AW66H Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20343; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017076 One of the options proposed in the 2009 Review of the U. S. Human Spaceﬂight Plans Committee calls for the consideration of robotic and human missions to asteroids. Beginning in 2000, the NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft inserted into orbit about the asteroid 433 Eros, and studied it for a year before landing. The Hayabusa satellite journeyed to 25143 Itokawa,

195 and operated in a proximity of the asteroid for several months before landing to collect a return sample. Additionally, the DAWN satellite, which was launched in 2007, will explore the dwarf-planet Ceres and the asteroid 4 Vesta in the next three years. These are just several examples of current interests in exploring asteroids. In this paper, we explore an alternative for estimating the gravity ﬁeld of a small body using observations of an orbiting satellite. Our approach uses two new mathematical tools, the quadratures (on a sphere) invariant under the icosahedral group, and a multiresolution representation of the gravity potential. With the near optimal quadratures on the sphere, we minimize the number of parameters needed to recover a function. Also, instead of estimating the coefficients of the spherical harmonics, the new quadratures allow us to estimate directly the values of the gravity ﬁeld since they offer an analogue of the Lagrange-type interpolation. Derived from text Asteroids; Estimating; Gravitation; Gravitational Fields; Quadratures

20100017096 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Development and Testing of High Surface Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Oxide Electrolysis Shchetkovskiy, Anatoliy; McKechnie, Timothy; Sadoway, Donald R.; Paramore, James; Melendez, Orlando; Curreri, Peter A.; March 14, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Earth and Space 2010 Conference, 14-17 Mar. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Processing of lunar regolith into oxygen for habitat and propulsion is needed to support future space missions. Direct electrochemical reduction of molten regolith is an attractive method of processing, because no additional chemical reagents are needed. The electrochemical processing of molten oxides requires high surface area, inert anodes. Such electrodes need to be structurally robust at elevated temperatures (1400-1600 C), be resistant to thermal shock, have good electrical conductivity, be resistant to attack by molten oxide (silicate), be electrochemically stable and support high current density. Iridium with its high melting point, good oxidation resistance, superior high temperature strength and ductility is the most promising candidate for anodes in high temperature electrochemical processes. Several innovative concepts for manufacturing such anodes by electrodeposition of iridium from molten salt electrolyte (EL-Form process) were evaluated. Iridium electrodeposition to form of complex shape components and coating was investigated. Iridium coated graphite, porous iridium structure and solid iridium anodes were fabricated. Testing of electroformed iridium anodes shows no visible degradation. The result of development, manufacturing and testing of high surface, inert iridium anodes will be presented. Author Anodes; Electrolysis; Iridium; Lunar Rocks; Molten Salt Electrolytes; Space Missions

20100017103 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Exploration Cohen, B. A.; Bassler, J. A.; Hammond, M. S.; Harris, D. W.; Hill, L. A.; Kirby, K. W.; Morse, B. J.; Mulac, B. D.; Reed, C. L. B.; March 1, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA Report No.(s): M10-0236; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017103 The Moon provides an important window into the early history of the Earth, containing information about planetary composition, magmatic evolution, surface bombardment, and exposure to the space environment. Robotic lunar landers to achieve science goals and to provide precursor technology development and site characterization are an important part of program balance within NASA s Science Mission Directorate (SMD) and Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD). A Robotic Lunar Lan-der mission complements SMD’s initiatives to build a robust lunar science community through R&A lines and increases international participation in NASA’s robotic exploration of the Moon. Author Planetary Composition; Aerospace Environments; Moon; Robotics; Lunar Landing Modules

20100017105 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Principal Components Analysis of Reﬂectance Spectra Returned by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity Mercer, C. M.; Cohen, Barbara A.; March 1, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 March 2010, Houston, TX, USA Report No.(s): M10-0239; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017105 The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has spent over six years exploring the Martian surface near its landing site at Meridiani Planum. Meridiani bedrock observed by the rover is largely characterized by sulfate-rich sandstones and hematite

196 spherules, recording evidence of ancient aqueous environments [1]. The region is a deflationary surface, allowing hematite spherules, fragments of bedrock, and ‘cobbles’ of foreign origin to collect loosely on the surface. These cobbles may be meteorites (e.g., Barberton, Heat Shield Rock, Santa Catarina) [2], or rock fragments of exotic composition derived from adjacent terranes or from the subsurface and delivered to Meridiani Planum as impact ejecta [3]. The cobbles provide a way to better understand Martian meteorites and the lithologic diversity of Meridiani Planum by examining the various rock types located there. In the summer of 2007, a global dust storm on Mars effectively disabled Opportunity’s Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES), which served as the Athena Science Team s primary tool for remotely identifying rocks of interest on a tactical timescale for efficient rover planning. While efforts are ongoing to recover use of the Mini-TES, the team is currently limited to identifying rocks of interest by visual inspection of images returned from Opportunity’s Panoramic Camera (Pancam). This study builds off of previous efforts to characterize cobbles at Meridiani Planum using a database of reflectance spectra extracted from Pancam 13-Filter (13F) images [3]. We analyzed the variability of rock spectra in this database and identified physical characteristics of Martian rocks that could potentially account for the observed variance. By understanding such trends, we may be able to distinguish between rock types at Meridiani Planum and regain the capability to remotely identify locally unique rocks. Author Principal Components Analysis; Reflectance; Mars Exploration; Roving Vehicles; Dust Storms; Heat Shielding; Planetary Geology; Spectrum Analysis

20100017146 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA An Assessment of the Current LEO Debris Environment and the Need for Active Debris Removal Liou, Jer-Chyi; Apr. 26, 2010; 24 pp.; In English; The International Science and Technology Center, 26-27 Apr. 2010, Moscow, Russia; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20410; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017146 The anti-satellite test on the Fengun-1 C weather satellite in early 2007 and the collision between Iridium 33 and Cosmos 2251 in 2009 dramatically altered the landscape of the human-made orbital debris environment in the low Earth orbit (LEO). The two events generated approximately 5500 fragments large enough to be tracked by the U.S. Space Surveillance Network. Those fragments account for more than 60% increase to the debris population in LEO. However, even before the ASAT test, model analyses already indicated that the debris population (for those larger than 10 cm) in LEO had reached a point where the population would continue to increase, due to collisions among existing objects, even without any future launches. The conclusion implies that as satellites continue to be launched and unexpected breakup events continue to occur, commonly- adopted mitigation measures will not be able to stop the collision-driven population growth. To remediate the debris environment in LEO, active debris removal must be considered. This presentation will provide an updated assessment of the debris environment after the Iridium 33/Cosmos 2251 collision, an analysis of several future environment projections based on different scenarios, and a projection of collision activities in LEO in the near future. The need to use active debris removal to stabilize future debris environment will be demonstrated and the effectiveness of various active debris removal strategies will be quantiﬁed. Author Earth Orbital Environments; Low Earth Orbits; Space Debris; Collisions; Iridium; Fragments

20100017161 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith Simulants Street, Kenneth; Ray, Chandra; Rickman, Doug; March 14, 2010; 1 pp.; In English; Earth and Space 2010: 12th Biennial ASCE Aerospace Division International Conference, 14-17 Mar. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Various high temperature chemical processes have been developed to extract oxygen and metals from lunar regolith. These processes are tested using terrestrial analogues of the regolith. But all practical terrestrial analogs contain H2O and/or OH(-), the presence of which has substantial impact on important system behaviors. We have undertaken studies of lunar regolith simulants to determine the limits of the simulants to validate key components for human survivability during sustained presence on the moon. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) yields information on phase transitions and melting temperatures. Themo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) with mass spectrometric (MS) determination of evolved gas species yields chemical information on various oxygenated volatiles (water, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and phosphorus oxides) and their evolution temperature profiles. The DTA and TGAMS studies included JSC-1A fine, NU-LHT-2M and its proposed feed stocks: anorthosite; dunite; HQ (high quality) glass and the norite from which HQ glass is produced. Fig 1 is a data profile

197 for anorthosite. The DTA (Fig 1a) indicates exothermic transitions at 355 and 490 C and endothermic transitions at 970 and 1235 C. Below the 355 C transition, water (Molecular Weight, MW, 18 in Fig 1c) is lost accounting for approximately 0.1% mass loss due to water removal (Fig 1b). Just above 490 C a second type of water is lost, presumably bound in lattices of secondary minerals. Between 490 and the 970 transition other volatile oxides are lost including those of hydrogen (third water type), carbon (MW = 44), sulfur (MW = 64 and 80), nitrogen (MW 30 and 46) and possibly phosphorus (MW = 79, 95 or 142). Peaks at MW = 35 and 19 may be attributable to loss of chlorine and fluorine respectively. Negative peaks in the NO (MW = 30) and oxygen (MW = 32) MS profiles may indicate the production of NO2 (MW = 46). Because so many compounds are volatilized in this temperature range quantification of the mass loss associated with individual species is difficult. Similar information will be presented for the other materials studied in this investigation. Author Earth Analogs; Lunar Rocks; Regolith; Thermodynamic Properties

20100017162 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Studies Gaskin, Jessica; Abbott, Terry; Medley, Stephanie; Gregory, Don; Thaisen, Kevin; Taylor , Lawrence; Ramsey, Brian; Jerman, Gregory; Sampson, Allen; Harvey, Ralph; March 14, 2010; 11 pp.; In English; Earth and Space 2010, 14-17 Mar. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017162 The exploration of remote planetary surfaces calls for the advancement of low power, highly-miniaturized instrumentation. Instruments of this nature that are capable of multiple types of analyses will prove to be particularly useful as we prepare for human return to the moon, and as we continue to explore increasingly remote locations in our Solar System. To this end, our group has been developing a miniaturized Environmental-Scanning Electron Microscope (mESEM) capable of remote investigations of mineralogical samples through in-situ topographical and chemical analysis on a fine scale. The functioning of an SEM is well known: an electron beam is focused to nanometer-scale onto a given sample where resulting emissions such as backscattered and secondary electrons, X-rays, and visible light are registered. Raster scanning the primary electron beam across the sample then gives a fine-scale image of the surface topography (texture), crystalline structure and orientation, with accompanying elemental composition. The flexibility in the types of measurements the mESEM is capable of, makes it ideally suited for a variety of applications. The mESEM is appropriate for use on multiple planetary surfaces, and for a variety of mission goals (from science to non-destructive analysis to ISRU). We will identify potential applications and range of potential uses related to planetary exploration. Over the past few of years we have initiated fabrication and testing of a proof-of-concept assembly, consisting of a cold-field-emission electron gun and custom high-voltage power supply, electrostatic electron-beam focusing column, and scanning-imaging electronics plus backscatter detector. Current project status will be discussed. This effort is funded through the NASA Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences - Planetary Instrument Definition and Development Program. Author Fabrication; Miniaturization; Scanning Electron Microscopy; Lunar Surface; In Situ Measurement

20100017169 Gray Research, Inc., Huntsville, AL, USA Lunar Daylight Exploration Griffin, Brand Norman; Mar. 14, 2010; 9 pp.; In English; Earth and Space 2010, 14-17 Mar. 2010, Honolulu, HI, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM05AB50C Report No.(s): M10-0283; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A02, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017169 With 1 rover, 2 astronauts and 3 days, the Apollo 17 Mission covered over 30 km, setup 10 scientific experiments and returned 110 kg of samples. This is a lot of science in a short time and the inspiration for a barebones, return-to-the-Moon strategy called Daylight Exploration. The Daylight Exploration approach poses an answer to the question, What could the Apollo crew have done with more time and today s robotics? In contrast to more ambitious and expensive strategies that create outposts then rely on pressurized rovers to drive to the science sites, Daylight Exploration is a low-overhead approach conceived to land near the scientific site, conduct Apollo-like exploration then leave before the sun goes down. A key motivation behind Daylight Exploration is cost reduction, but it does not come at the expense of scientific exploration. As a goal, Daylight Exploration provides access to the top 10 science sites by using the best capabilities of human and robotic exploration. Most science sites are within an equatorial band of 26 degrees latitude and on the Moon, at the equator, the day is 14 Earth days long; even more important, the lunar night is 14 days long. Human missions are constrained to 12 days

198 because the energy storage systems required to operate during the lunar night adds mass, complexity and cost. In addition, short missions are beneﬁcial because they require fewer consumables, do not require an airlock, reduce radiation exposure, minimize the dwell-time for the ascent and orbiting propulsion systems and allow a low-mass, campout accommodations. Key to Daylight Exploration is the use of piloted rovers used as tele-operated science platforms. Rovers are launched before or with the crew, and continue to operate between crew visits analyzing and collecting samples during the lunar daylight Author Lunar Exploration; Apollo Spacecraft; Roving Vehicles; Cost Reduction; Consumables (Spacecraft); Energy Storage; Robotics; Radiation Dosage; Ascent Propulsion Systems

20100017327 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydrogen Reduction of JSC-1A Hegde, U.; Balasubramaniam, R.; Gokoglu, S. A.; April 2010; 17 pp.; In English; 48th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 4-7 Jan. 2010, Orlando, FL, USA; Original contains color illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNC08BA08B; WBSW 387498.04.01.05.02.03 Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2010-216256; AIAA Paper 2010-1546; E-17242; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017327 A previously developed and validated model for hydrogen reduction of JSC-1A for a constant reaction-bed temperature is extended to account for reaction during the bed heat-up period. A quasisteady approximation is used wherein an expression is derived for a single average temperature of reaction during the heat-up process by employing an Arrhenius expression for regolith conversion. Subsequently, the regolith conversion during the heat-up period is obtained by using this representative temperature. Accounting for the reaction during heat-up provides a better estimate of the reaction time needed at the desired regolith-bed operating temperature. Implications for the efficiency of the process, as measured by the energy required per unit mass of oxygen produced, are also indicated. Author Mathematical Models; Regolith; Approximation; Reaction Time; Hydrogen; Operating Temperature

20100017336 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA Examining the Uppermost Surface of the Moon Noble, Sarah K.; March 1, 2010; 2 pp.; In English; 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0164; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017336 Understanding the properties of the uppermost lunar surface is critical as it is the optical surface that is probed by remote-sensing data, like that which is and will be generated by instruments on orbiting missions (e.g. M3, LRO). The uppermost material is also the surface with which future lunar astronauts and their equipment will be in direct contact, and thus understanding its properties will be important for dust mitigation and toxicology issues. Furthermore, exploring the properties of this uppermost surface may provide insight into conditions at this crucial interface, such as grain charging and levitation Author Lunar Surface; Remote Sensing; Dust; Toxicology; Levitation

20100017380 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of its Parent Body Park, J.; Nyquist, L. E.; Bogard, D. D.; Garrison, D. H.; Shih, C.-Y.; Reese, Y. D.; March 1, 2010; 14 pp.; In English; Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0160; M10-0342; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017380 GRA06128 and GRA06129 (hereafter GRA 8 and GRA 9) are partial melts of a parent body of approximately chondritic composition. We reported a conventional SM-147Sm-ND_143 isochron age of 4.559 +/-.096 Ga and a SM-146-142Nd model age of 4.549 +/- 0.036 for combined data for the two rocks. Plagioclase plus whole rock and leachate (approximately phosphate) samples gave a secondary SM-147-ND-143 age of 3.4 +/-0.4 Ga. An Ar-39-Ar-40 age of 4.460+/-0.028 Ga was interpreted by as dating metamorphism in GRA 9. We report Ar-39-Ar-40 ages in the range approximately 4344-4366 Ma for GRA 8, establishing similar but different Ar-39-Ar-40 ages for the two rocks, consistent with their different Sr-istopic

199 systematics, and discuss these ages in the context of the complex sequence of events that affected these samples Derived from text Chondrites; Meteorite Parent Bodies; Meteoritic Composition; Isotope Ratios

20100017381 Alabama Univ., Huntsville, AL, USA Examining the Uppermost Surface of the Lunar Regolith Noble, Sarah; March 1, 2010; 19 pp.; In English; 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, Houston, TX, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Report No.(s): M10-0317; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017381 This slide presentation reviews the examination of the uppermost surface of the lunar regolith. It shows the mechanism (i.e. a Clam Shell Sampling Device) that was used to retrieve samples of the surface of the lunar soil. Samples were obtained from the devices, and they were examined in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Using a lunar simulant, JSC-1a, test were run to ascertain if the sample from the clam shell device were biased due to the collection. The results of the test were that all the ﬁne grains analyzed to the limit of the capabilities were found to be lunar in composition, though non-lunar contaminants may exist in the submicron population. Further work is required, though the initial study shows that the uppermost surface is enriched in ﬁne (< 2 micron grains) compared to the bulk soil. CASI Lunar Composition; Lunar Rocks; Lunar Soil; Regolith

20100017474 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Program Edmunson, J.; Betts, W.; Rickman, D.; McLemore, C.; Fikes, J.; Stoeser, D.; Wilson, S.; Schrader, C.; March 1, 2010; 3 pp.; In English; Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 1-5 Mar. 2010, The Woodlands, TX, USA Report No.(s): M10-0171; M10-0409; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017474 Lunar regolith simulant production is absolutely critical to returning man to the Moon. Regolith simulant is used to test hardware exposed to the lunar surface environment, simulate health risks to astronauts, practice in situ resource utilization (ISRU) techniques, and evaluate dust mitigation strategies. Lunar regolith simulant design, production process, and management is a cooperative venture between members of the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The MSFC simulant team is a satellite of the Dust group based at Glenn Research Center. The goals of the cooperative group are to (1) reproduce characteristics of lunar regolith using simulants, (2) produce simulants as cheaply as possible, (3) produce simulants in the amount needed, and (4) produce simulants to meet users? schedules. Derived from text Lunar Rocks; Lunar Surface; Regolith; Simulation

20100017515 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture Study Based on a High-Mobility Exploration Scenario Lange, Kevin E.; Anderson, Molly S.; [2010]; 17 pp.; In English; International Conference on Environmental Systems, 11-15 Jul. 2010, Barcelona, Spain; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20403; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017515 This paper presents results of a life support architecture study based on a 2009 NASA lunar surface exploration scenario known as Scenario 12. The study focuses on the assembly complete outpost configuration and includes pressurized rovers as part of a distributed outpost architecture in both stand-alone and integrated configurations. A range of life support architectures are examined reflecting different levels of closure and distributed functionality. Monte Carlo simulations are used to assess the sensitivity of results to volatile high-impact mission variables, including the quantity of residual Lander oxygen and hydrogen propellants available for scavenging, the fraction of crew time away from the outpost on excursions, total extravehicular activity hours, and habitat leakage. Surpluses or deficits of water and oxygen are reported for each architecture, along with fixed and 10-year total equivalent system mass estimates relative to a reference case. System robustness is discussed in terms of the probability of no water or oxygen resupply as determined from the Monte Carlo simulations. Author Life Support Systems; Lunar Bases; Lunar Surface; Manned Space Flight; Extravehicular Activity

200 20100017620 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Simulators Cowley, Matthew; Harvil, Lauren; Clowers, Kurt; Clark, Timothy; Rajulu, Sudhakar; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; Seventh Annual One-Day Symposium of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 21 May 2010, Clear Lake, TX, USA Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20569; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Since man was first determined to walk on the moon, simulating the lunar environment became a priority. Providing an accurate reduced gravity environment is crucial for astronaut training and hardware testing. This presentation will follow the development of reduced gravity simulators to a final comparison of environments between the currently used systems. During the Apollo program era, multiple systems were built and tested, with several NASA centers having their own unique device. These systems ranged from marionette-like suspension devices where the subject laid on his side, to pneumatically driven offloading harnesses, to parabolic flights. However, only token comparisons, if any, were made between systems. Parabolic flight allows the entire body to fall at the same rate, giving an excellent simulation of reduced gravity as far as the biomechanics and physical perceptions are concerned. While the effects are accurate, there is limited workspace, limited time, and high cost associated with these tests. With all mechanical offload systems only the parts of the body that are actively offloaded feel any reduced gravity effects. The rest of the body still feels the full effect of gravity. The Partial Gravity System (Pogo) is the current ground-based offload system used to training and testing at the NASA Johnson Space Center. The Pogo is a pneumatic type system that allows for offloaded motion in the z-axis and free movement in the x-axis, but has limited motion in the y-axis. The pneumatic system itself is limited by cylinder stroke length and response time. The Active Response Gravity Offload System (ARGOS) is a next generation groundbased offload system, currently in development, that is based on modern robotic manufacturing lines. This system is projected to provide more z-axis travel and full freedom in both the x and y-axes. Current characterization tests are underway to determine how the ground-based offloading systems perform, how they compare to parabolic flights, and which of the systems is preferable for specific uses. These tests were conducted with six degree of freedom robots and manual inputs. Initial results show a definitive difference in abilities of the two offload systems. Author Gravitational Effects; Biodynamics; Systems Engineering; Microgravity; Robotics; Astronaut Training; Lunar Environment; Simulators

20100017668 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA The Challenge of Mars EDL (Entry, Descent, and Landing) Sostaric, Ronald; April 23, 2010; 30 pp.; In English; 2010 AIAA Region I-NE Student Conference, 23-24 Apr. 2010, Boston, MA, USA; Original contains color and black and white illustrations Contract(s)/Grant(s): 079749.01.10 Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20470; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017668 This slide presentation reviews the some of the challenges of Martian atmospheric entry, descent and landing (EDL) on the surface of Mars. It reviews some of the technological difficulties, and some solutions that are being developed for future unmanned missions with larger payloads than previous landers, and ultimately human spacecraft landing. CASI Atmospheric Entry; Descent; Mars Landing; Payloads; Mars Missions

92 SOLAR PHYSICS Includes solar activity, solar ﬂares, solar radiation and sunspots. For related information see 93 Space Radiation.

20100017245 Combined Modeling of Acceleration, Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response in Solar Flares, 1, The Numerical Model Liu, Wei; Petrosian, Vahe; Mariska, John T.; The Astrophysical Journal; Sep. 10, 2009; Volume 702, pp. 1553-1566; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNM09AA01C; NSF ATM 0312344; NAG5 12111; NAG5 11918-1 Report No.(s): AD-A513382; Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources ONLINE: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/702/2/1553 Acceleration and transport of high-energy particles and ﬂuid dynamics of atmospheric plasma are interrelated aspects of

201 solar flares, but for convenience and simplicity they were artificially separated in the past. We present here self consistently combined Fokker-Planck modeling of particles and hydrodynamic simulation of flare plasma. Energetic electrons are modeled with the Stanford unified code of acceleration, transport, and radiation, while plasma is modeled with the Naval Research Laboratory flux tube code. We calculated the collisional heating rate directly from the particle transport code, which is more accurate than those in previous studies based on approximate analytical solutions. We repeated the simulation of Mariska et al. with an injection of power law, downward-beamed electrons using the new heating rate. For this case, a -10% difference was found from their old result. We also used a more realistic spectrum of injected electrons provided by the stochastic acceleration model, which has a smooth transition from a quasi-thermal background at low energies to a non thermal tail at high energies. The inclusion of low-energy electrons results in relatively more heating in the corona (versus chromosphere) and thus a larger downward heat conduction flux. The interplay of electron heating, conduction, and radiative loss leads to stronger chromospheric evaporation than obtained in previous studies, which had a deficit in low-energy electrons due to an arbitrarily assumed low-energy cutoff. The energy and spatial distributions of energetic electrons and bremsstrahlung photons bear signatures of the changing density distribution caused by chromospheric evaporation. In particular, the density jump at the evaporation front gives rise to enhanced emission, which, in principle, can be imaged by X-ray telescopes. This model can be applied to investigate a variety of high-energy processes in solar, space, and astrophysical plasmas. Author Acceleration (Physics); Hydrodynamics; Mathematical Models; Solar Flares; Stochastic Processes; Space Plasmas; Chromosphere; Solar X-Rays

93 SPACE RADIATION Includes cosmic radiation; and inner and outer Earth radiation belts. For biological effects of radiation on plants and animals see 51 Life Sciences; on human beings see 52 Aerospace Medicine. For theory see 73 Nuclear Physics.

20100017145 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA USA NDA Batch Data Report 2007-17 Hollister, R.; June 29, 2009; 388 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-ENG-48; DE-AC52-07NA27344 Report No.(s): DE2009-963521; LLNL-TR-414360; No Copyright; Avail.: Department of Energy Information Bridge No abstract available Radiation Protection; Containers; Nondestructive Tests

20100017252 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radiation Research Cucinotta, Francis A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 21st Annual NASA Space Radiation Investigators’ Meeting, 16-18 May 2010, Port Jefferson, NY, USA Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20560; No Copyright; Avail.: Other Sources; Abstract Only Space exploration involves unavoidable exposures to high-energy galactic cosmic rays whose penetration power and associated secondary radiation makes radiation shielding ineffective and cost prohibitive. NASA recognizing the possible health dangers from cosmic rays notiﬁed the U.S. Congress as early as 1959 of the need for a dedicated heavy ion accelerator to study the largely unknown biological effects of galactic cosmic rays on astronauts. Information and scientiﬁc tools to study radiation health effects expanded over the new decades as NASA exploration programs to the moon and preparations for Mars exploration were carried out. In the 1970 s through the early 1990 s a more than 3-fold increase over earlier estimates of fatal cancer risks from gamma-rays, and new knowledge of the biological dangers of high LET radiation were obtained. Other research has increased concern for degenerative risks to the central nervous system and other tissues at lower doses compared to earlier estimates. In 1996 a review by the National Academy of Sciences Space Science Board re-iterated the need for a dedicated ground-based accelerator facility capable of providing up to 2000 research hours per year to reduce uncertainties in risks projections and develop effective mitigation measures. In 1998 NASA appropriated funds for construction of a dedicated research facility and the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) opened for research in October of 2003. This year marks the 8th year of NSRL research were about 1000 research hours per year have been utilized. In anticipation of the approaching ten year milestone, funded investigators and selected others are invited to participate in a critical self-assessment of NSRL research progress towards NASA s goals in space radiation research. A Blue and Red Team Assessment format has been integrated into meeting posters and special plenary sessions to allow for a critical debate on the progress of the research

202 and major gaps areas. Blue teams will highlight progress and important new knowledge gained. Red teams will challenge the Blue teams on proposed highlights and point to Gaps not considered. We will review the current space radiation Risks and Gaps under investigation at NASA, critical data sets and research highlights anticipated, and possible goals for future research at NSRL. Author Extraterrestrial Radiation; Space Exploration; Galactic Cosmic Rays; Exposure; Radiation Shielding; Radiation Effects; Mars Exploration; Gamma Rays; Health; Hazards

20100017783 Pacific Northwest National Lab., Richland, WA, USA Hanford External Dosimetry Technical Basis Manual Rathbone, B. A.; February 25, 2010; 244 pp.; In English Contract(s)/Grant(s): DE-AC05-76RL01830 Report No.(s): DE2010-969900; PNNL-15750-REV-1; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) The Hanford External Dosimetry Technical Basis Manual PNL-MA-842 documents the design and implementation of the external dosimetry system used at Hanford. The manual describes the dosimeter design, processing protocols, dose calculation methodology, radiation fields encountered, dosimeter response characteristics, limitations of dosimeter design under field conditions, and makes recommendations for effective use of the dosimeters in the field. The manual describes the technical basis for the dosimetry system in a manner intended to help ensure defensibility of the dose of record at Hanford and to demonstrate compliance with 10 CFR 835, DOELAP, DOE-RL, ORP, PNSO, and Hanford contractor requirements. The dosimetry system is operated by PNNLs Hanford External Dosimetry Program (HEDP) which provides dosimetry services to all Hanford contractors. The primary users of this manual are DOE and DOE contractors at Hanford using the dosimetry services of PNNL. Development and maintenance of this manual is funded directly by DOE and DOE contractors. Its contents have been reviewed and approved by DOE and DOE contractors at Hanford through the Hanford Personnel Dosimetry Advisory Committee (HPDAC) which is chartered and chaired by DOE-RL and serves as means of coordinating dosimetry practices across contractors at Hanford. This manual was established in 1996. Since its inception, it has been revised many times and maintained by PNNL as a controlled document with controlled distribution. The first revision to be released through PNNLs Electronic Records & Information Capture Architecture (ERICA) database was designated Revision 0. Revision numbers that are whole numbers reflect major revisions typically involving significant changes to all chapters in the document. Revision numbers that include a decimal fraction reflect minor revisions, usually restricted to selected chapters or selected pages in the document. Maintenance and distribution of controlled hard copies of the manual by PNNL was discontinued beginning with Revision 0.2. Revision Log: Rev. 0 (2/25/2005) Major revision and expansion. Rev. 0.1 (3/12/2007) Updated Chapters 5, 6 and 9 to reflect change in default ring calibration factor used in HEDP dose calculation software. Factor changed from 1.5 to 2.0 beginning January 1, 2007. NTIS Dosimeters; Radiation Protection

20100017798 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation Track Structure and Calculation of Dose Deposition in Nanovolumes Plante, I.; Cucinotta, F. A.; [2010]; 1 pp.; In English; 21st Annual Space Radiation Investigators’ Workshop, 16-19 May 2010, Port Jefferson, NY, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-20523; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A01, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017798 INTRODUCTION: The radiation track structure is of crucial importance to understand radiation damage to molecules and subsequent biological effects. Of a particular importance in radiobiology is the induction of double-strand breaks (DSBs) by ionizing radiation, which are caused by clusters of lesions in DNA, and oxidative damage to cellular constituents leading to aberrant signaling cascades. DSB can be visualized within cell nuclei with gamma-H2AX experiments. MATERIAL and METHODS: In DSB induction models, the DSB probability is usually calculated by the local dose obtained from a radial dose proﬁle of HZE tracks. In this work, the local dose imparted by HZE ions is calculated directly from the 3D Monte-Carlo simulation code RITRACKS. A cubic volume of 5 micron edge (Figure 1) is irradiated by a (Fe26+)-56 ion of 1 GeV/amu (LET approx.150 keV/micron) and by a ﬂuence of 450 H+ ions, 300 MeV/amu (LET approx. 0.3 keV/micron). In both cases, the dose deposited in the volume is approx.1 Gy. The dose is then calculated into each 3D pixels (voxels) of 20 nm edge and visualized in 3D. RESULTS and DISCUSSION: The dose is deposited uniformly in the volume by the H+ ions. The voxels which receive a high dose (orange) corresponds to electron track ends. The dose is deposited differently by the 56Fe26+ ion.

203 Very high dose (red) is deposited in voxels with direct ion traversal. Voxels with electron track ends (orange) are also found distributed around the path of the track. In both cases, the appearance of the dose distribution looks very similar to DSBs seen in gammaH2AX experiments, particularly when the visualization threshold is applied. CONCLUSION: The reﬁnement of the dose calculation to the nanometer scale has revealed important differences in the energy deposition between high- and low-LET ions. Voxels of very high dose are only found in the path of high-LET ions. Interestingly, experiments have shown that DSB induced by high-LET radiation are more difficult to repair. Therefore, this new approach may be useful to understand the nature of DSB and oxidative damage induced by ionizing radiation. Author Monte Carlo Method; Radiation Damage; Biological Effects; Ionizing Radiation; Lesions; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Radiobiology; Molecules

20100017877 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA Space Radiation and Exploration - Information for the Augustine Committee Review Cucinotta, Francis; Semones, Edward; Kim, Myung-Hee; Jackson, Lori; July 14, 2009; 30 pp.; In English; Augustine Commission. Review of U.S. Human Spaceflight, 1 Aug. 2009, Washington, DC, USA; Original contains color illustrations Report No.(s): JSC-CN-18611; Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy ONLINE: http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20100017877 Space radiation presents significant health risks including mortality for Exploration missions: a) Galactic cosmic ray (GCR) heavy ions are distinct from radiation that occurs on Earth leading to different biological impacts. b) Large uncertainties in GCR risk projections impact ability to design and assess mitigation approaches and select crew. c) Solar Proton Events (SPEs) require new operational and shielding approaches and new biological data on risks. Risk estimates are changing as new scientific knowledge is gained: a) Research on biological effects of space radiation show qualitative and quantitative differences with X- or gamma-rays. b) Expert recommendations and regulatory policy are changing. c) New knowledge leads to changes in estimates for the number of days in space to stay below Permissible Exposure Limits (PELS). Author Gamma Rays; Galactic Cosmic Rays; Extraterrestrial Radiation; Risk; Mortality; Biological Effects; Health; Heavy Ions

99 GENERAL Includes aeronautical, astronautical, and space science related histories, biographies, and pertinent reports too broad for categorization; histories or broad overviews of NASA programs such as Apollo, Gemini, and Mercury spacecraft, Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS), and Skylab; NASA appropriations hearings.

20100017359 National Park Service, Washington, DC, USA Historic Preservation Response Methodology, Based on the Hurricane Katrina Model January 2009; 264 pp.; In English Report No.(s): PB2010-105969; No Copyright; Avail.: National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Hurricanes Katrina and Rita devastated the Gulf Coast region in August and September 2005 and created the single largest disaster for cultural resources that the USA has witnessed siince the inception of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) in 1966. Notably, the NHPA created the National Register of Historic Places, our nation’s catalog of important cultural resources. The NHPA also stipulates that any Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) the Katrina/Rita event created the largest compliance project ever under Section 106 of the NHPA. Although causing a great deal of damage, the event provided an important learning tool in developing processes, identifying challenges and generating solutions in responding to extensive cultural resource issues during a disaster. At the request of FEMA, the National Park Service, Cultural Resources GIS Facility (CRGIS) created a strategy to help FEMA meet its NHPA obligations focusing on New Orleans, LA. Combining GPS and GIS tools, CRGIS constructed a methodology to identify and evaluate all potentially affected properties. NTIS Cultural Resources; Hurricanes; Preserving

204 Subject Term Index

2001 MARS ODYSSEY ACCURACY ADVANCED TEST REACTORS Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable Half Way Done – 106 of Plug-and-Play Sat I – 21 Displacement Transducers for High Tem- perature Irradiations in the Advanced ABSORPTION SPECTRA Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Test Reactor – 66 Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- Characterization and Measurement Ac- spheric Aerosols – 192 curacy – 77 AERATION Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY ACOUSTIC EMISSION of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorp- Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- (Postprint) – 54 tion Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health AEROCAPTURE on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces – 41 80 Monitoring – Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- the Human Exploration of Mars – 20 spheric Aerosols – 192 ACOUSTIC IMAGING Performance Evaluation Modeling of AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS ABSTRACTS Network Sensors – 158 Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, ACOUSTICS Background-Oriented Schlieren – 4 TX, 2009 – 102 Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- AERODYNAMICS rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. ACCELERATED LIFE TESTS Development of Morphing Aircraft Struc- Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- ture Using SMP – 4 ing Results from COPV Accelerated tural Health Monitoring – 82 Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Background-Oriented Schlieren – 3 ACCELERATION (PHYSICS) Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- Minimized Structural Design and Assess- AEROELASTICITY Combined Modeling of Acceleration, ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response (RLVs) – 4 rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. in Solar Flares – 202 International Space Station Crew Quar- Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- ACCELEROMETERS ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design Minimized Structural Design and Assess- Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Implementation – 167 ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Test Approach and Results – 31 (RLVs) – 4 Test Token Driven Acoustic Balancing for AEROSOLS ACCESS CONTROL Sparse Enrollment Data in Cohort GMM Aerosol Penetration Through Protective Towards a Secure Programming Lan- Speaker Recognition – 168 Fabrics – 133 guage. An Access Control System for CommonLisp – 147 ACTIVATED CARBON Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- Contaminated water treatment – 131 spheric Aerosols – 192 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION National Transportation Safety Board Air- ACTIVATION ENERGY AEROSPACE ENGINEERING craft Accident Report: Loss of Control on Aging of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate GPS and Relativity: An Engineering Approach, Colgan Air, Inc., Operating as (PETN) – 41 Overview – 9 Continental Connection Flight 3407, L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Bombardier DHC-8-400, N200WQ, Near ACTIVE CONTROL Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Clarence Center, New York, on February Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental tion – 16 12, 2009 – 3 Control and Life Support Ddevelopment AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS Status – 28 ACCIDENTS Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Computational Flame Characterization of ADAPTATION Exploration – 196 New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- AEROSPACE MEDICINE Detection with Applications to Radars PRINT) – 7 EVA Physiology, Systems and Perfor- and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 mance [EPSP] Project – 127 ACCRETION DISKS Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP IT Challenges for Space Medicine or Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 How do We Protect Medical Information and the Geometry of Accreting Black and Still Get Useful Work Done? – 126 Holes in the Hard State – 193 Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Performance (Preprint) – 69 Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- Using a Computer Game for Research Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and ings – 129 Ejection – 192 on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- sons Learned from A NATO Experi- AEROSPACE SAFETY Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk ment – 130 Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Or- ganization – 5 ity – 192 ADAPTIVE CONTROL V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: AEROSPACE SYSTEMS Range of Standard Model Accretion Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Aerospace Integration, Not Separa- Disks – 189 tion – 16 tion – 5

A-1 FAA Aerospace Forecast, Fiscal Years Summary of the Updated Regulatory Im- AIR TRAFFIC 2010-2030 – 6 pact Analysis (RIA) for the Reconsidera- Concept of Operations for the Next Gen- GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Or- tion of the 2008 Ozone National Air Qual- eration Air Transportation System. Ver- ganization – 5 ity Standards (NAAQS) – 96 sion 3.0 – 7 AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Summary Report for the Workshop on Status of the Aviation Rulemaking Com- Integrating Climate Change Adaptation Fostering Visions for the Future: A Re- mittees 77 Initiatives for Reducing De- into Air Quality Decision Making – 97 view of the NASA Institute for Advanced lays in the New York Area Federal Avia- Concepts – 180 TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for tion Administration – 8 Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on AGRICULTURE Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final AIR TRANSPORTATION Census of Agriculture Non-Response Report: Project Performance and Eco- Concept of Operations for the Next Gen- Methodology, 2007 – 181 nomics – 93 eration Air Transportation System. Ver- Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas sion 3.0 – 7 AIR QUALITY Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Next Generation Air Transportation Sys- for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Air Quality Modeling Technical Support tem: Challenges with Partner Agency Forestry – 94 Documents: Changes to the Renewable and FAA Coordination Continue, and Ef- Fuel Standard Program – 92 Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The forts to Integrate Near-, Mid-, and Long- 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the Analysis of S. 1844, the Clear Skies Act Term Activities are Ongoing – 8 USA Census of Agriculture – 17 of 2003; S. 843, the Clean Air Planning Act of 2003; and S. 366, the Clean Power AIR WATER INTERACTIONS AIR DEFENSE Act of 2003 – 94 Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Infrared Countermeasures Test and Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and Emissions Inventory Report Summary for Evaluation – 54 Model Reanalysis Products – 118 Los Alamos National Laboratory for Cal- AIR DUCTS endar Year 2008 – 91 AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS International Space Station Crew Quar- ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from Implementation – 168 Quality of the International Space Sta- the Field – 53 tion – 92 AIR FLOW AIRCRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Experiments on Electrically Controlled Summary of the Updated Regulatory Im- pact Analysis (RIA) for the Reconsidera- Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Ef- sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 tion of the 2008 Ozone National Air Qual- ity Standards (NAAQS) – 96 fects of Several Paint Removal Technolo- AIR POLLUTION gies on the Static and Fatigue Properties Summary Report for the Workshop on of Thin Aerospace Structural Materi- Analysis of S. 1844, the Clear Skies Act Integrating Climate Change Adaptation als – 35 of 2003; S. 843, the Clean Air Planning into Air Quality Decision Making – 97 Act of 2003; and S. 366, the Clean Power AIRCRAFT CONTROL Act of 2003 – 94 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of National Transportation Safety Board Air- Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and Meteorological and Air Quality Data for the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: craft Accident Report: Loss of Control on Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste Approach, Colgan Air, Inc., Operating as Glass – 119 User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 Continental Connection Flight 3407, Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Ap- Bombardier DHC-8-400, N200WQ, Near proach – 51 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Clarence Center, New York, on February Meteorological and Air Quality Data for 12, 2009 – 3 Conversion Factors for Hydrocarbon the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Emission Components, December 2005, Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic NR-002c – 99 of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing Section – 2 Corporate Average Fuel Economy Stan- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of dards for MY 2005-2007 Light Trucks. Meteorological and Air Quality Data for AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT Final Economic Assessment – 91 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act Data Analysis – 123 Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical CAFE Incentives Policy: Report to Con- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Materials – 14 gress – 50 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for AIRCRAFT FUELS Emissions Inventory Report Summary for the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- Los Alamos National Laboratory for Cal- CART Analysis of Modeling Episode endar Year 2008 – 91 Days – 123 formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Environmental Technology Verification AIR TO AIR MISSILES sions – 52 Program Advanced Monitoring Systems Infrared Countermeasures Test and Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from Center: Generic Verification Protocol for Evaluation – 54 Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors the Field – 53 at a Full-Scale Incinerator – 96 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Ap- Environmental Technology Verification Concept of Operations for the Next Gen- proach – 51 Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- eration Air Transportation System. Ver- Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- sion 3.0 – 7 ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96 Next Generation Air Transportation Sys- Seasonal and Monthly Activity Allocation tem: Challenges with Partner Agency AIRCRAFT ICING Fractions for Nonroad Engine Emissions and FAA Coordination Continue, and Ef- Models and Characteristics of Freezing Modeling, December 2005, NR- forts to Integrate Near-, Mid-, and Long- Rain and Freezing Drizzle for Aircraft 004c – 99 Term Activities are Ongoing – 8 Icing Applications – 5

A-2 AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY Numerical Algorithms for Free Boundary ANGULAR RESOLUTION Next Generation Air Transportation Sys- Problems of Obstacle Types – 135 Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray tem: Challenges with Partner Agency Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- Telescopes – 173 and FAA Coordination Continue, and Ef- crete Maximum Principle – 153 ANISOTROPY forts to Integrate Near-, Mid-, and Long- Term Activities are Ongoing – 8 Transverse Space Charge Effect Calcu- Anisotropic Effective Moduli of Microc- lation in the Synergia Accelerator Model- rack Damaged Media – 178 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS ing Toolkit – 161 Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical ALIGNMENT (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- Materials – 14 Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray Telescopes – 173 ing – 44 AIRCRAFT RELIABILITY ANNEALING NASA DFRC Practices for Prototype ALKALIES Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Qualification – 13 Investigation of the Potential for Caustic Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys AIRCRAFT SAFETY Stress Corrosion Cracking of A537 Car- bon Steel Nuclear Waste Tanks – 45 (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Man- ing – 44 agement Research Test and Integration ALLOYS ANNIHILATION REACTIONS Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Op- Growth method for chalcongenide Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy portunities – 11 phase-change nanostructures – 34 (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Forma- AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES ALTAIR LUNAR LANDER tion Studies – 169 Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level ANODES ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math Monitoring – 80 Development and Testing of High Sur- Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- 64 Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Lander – ide Electrolysis – 196 Polymer Matrices – 48 Overview of the Altair Lunar Lander Ther- ANOMALIES mal Control System Design – 195 Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- A Few Examples of Spacecraft Anoma- 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- ALTIMETRY lies Attributed to Transient Voltages and pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Currents Issues – 30 Evaluation of Potential Exposures during gion of Mars – 104 Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- ANTARCTIC REGIONS facturing Plant – 101 ALUMINUM ALLOYS A High Resolution Microprobe Study of NASA DFRC Practices for Prototype General Corrosion Resistance Compari- EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 Qualification – 13 sons of Medium- and High-Strength Alu- Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map minum Alloys for DOD Systems Using AIRCRAFT of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: Laboratory-Based Accelerated Corrosion 1947-2009 – 124 Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- Methods – 45 mance Report (2008) – 10 Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar ALUMINUM GALLIUM ARSENIDES Stratospheric Clouds at the South AIRFRAMES High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- Pole – 112 Quiet Honeycomb Panels – 36 Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 ANTENNA RADIATION PATTERNS AIRPORTS AMBIENCE Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Airport Related Traffic and Mobile Emis- Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in sion Implications, August 2003 – 14 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Calibration of Faarfield Rigid Pavent De- sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, ANTIINFECTIVES AND ANTIBACTERI- sign Procedure. Final Report – 5 March 2010. Evaluation of Potential ALS Status of the Aviation Rulemaking Com- Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen mittees 77 Initiatives for Reducing De- Rooms – 101 Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical lays in the New York Area Federal Avia- Summary of the Updated Regulatory Im- Materials – 14 tion Administration – 8 pact Analysis (RIA) for the Reconsidera- ANTISEPTICS AIRSPACE tion of the 2008 Ozone National Air Qual- Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen ity Standards (NAAQS) – 96 Status of the Aviation Rulemaking Com- Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical mittees 77 Initiatives for Reducing De- AMMUNITION Materials – 14 lays in the New York Area Federal Avia- Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr APERTURES tion Administration – 8 (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray ALERTNESS Armor-Piercing Projectiles – 44 Telescopes – 173 Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector AMPLITUDES of Fatigue – 154 APOLLO SPACECRAFT Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s Lunar Daylight Exploration – 199 ALGEBRA High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- Moduli Spaces of Zero-Dimensional ing and Experiment – 173 APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS (COMPUT- ERS) Geometric Objects – 137 ANAEROBES Achieving Operability via the Mission ALGORITHMS Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of System Paradigm – 146 Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sedi- Communications Middleware for Tactical tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and ments – 43 Environments: Observations, Experi- Implicit Physics – 116 ANEMOMETERS ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for Anemometer Calibration Procedures. How to Take HRMS Process Manage- Independently Moving Cameras – 153 Mine Safety and Health Handbook Se- ment to the Next Level with Workflow LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – 112 ries – 94 Business Event System – 144

A-3 MER Surface Phase; Blurring the Line Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- Between Fault Protection and What is Using Advanced Signal Processing To- port – 191 Supposed to Happen – 187 gether with Phased Array Ultra- Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk sound – 48 Sequence System Building Blocks: Us- Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- ing a Component Architecture for Se- ARRHYTHMIA ity – 192 quencing Software – 146 Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac ASYMPTOTIC SERIES Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Rhythm Problems During Space- Evaluating the Asymptotic Limits of the Dawn Ground Data System Engineering flight – 128 Delete-a-Group Jackknife for Model Challenge – 18 ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES Analyses – 155 APPROXIMATION Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- of Plug-and-Play Sat I – 21 gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 Verification of KAM Theory on Earth Or- Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- phytes – 85 Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk biting Satellites – 185 Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- ASBESTOS Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and ity – 192 Scientific Cooperation Between Italy Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste Glass – 119 AQUA SPACECRAFT (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Atmospheric Radiation Measurement 98 Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Health Concern – Program Climate Research Facility Op- Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial ASCENT PROPULSION SYSTEMS erations,QuarterlyReport,July1-Sep- tember 30, 2009 – 120 Resolution – 86 Lunar Daylight Exploration – 199 AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS ASCENT NOAA’s Education Program: Review and Critique – 18 Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X – 20 Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Cal- ASPECT RATIO ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION culations into Cantera for Electrolyte So- Columbia Non-Neutral Torus – 175 Meteorological Satellite Center Technical lutions – 38 Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- ARCHITECTURE (COMPUTERS) netic Reconnection – 174 Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future GRAM – 111 Earth Sciences Missions – 84 ASSAYING Cytometer on a chip – 125 ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSION ARES 1 LAUNCH VEHICLE Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X – 20 Environmental Technology Verification Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Development of Weld Inspection of the num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96 User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Stage – 28 Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 ASSIMILATION Using Web 2.0 Techniques in NASA’s Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Ares Engineering Operations Network Temperature Observations into Land Meteorological and Air Quality Data for (AEON) Environment - First Impres- Surface Models – 115 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: sions – 19 Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf Studies of Impurity Assimilation During of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 ARES 1 UPPER STAGE Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- Development of Weld Inspection of the D – 176 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Stage – 28 ASTEROIDS the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: A New Representative for Small-Body CART Analysis of Modeling Episode Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for Gravity Estimation – 196 Days – 123 the Ares I Common Bulkhead – 27 ASTRONAUT TRAINING ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY ARES 5 CARGO LAUNCH VEHICLE Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Simulators – 201 GRAM – 111 the Human Exploration of Mars – 20 ASTRONAUTS The Challenge of Mars EDL (Entry, De- Progress on Enabling Unprecedented Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac scent, and Landing) – 201 Payloads for Space in the 21st Cen- Rhythm Problems During Space- tury – 185 flight – 128 Versatile honeycomb matrix heat shield – 28 ARGON IT Challenges for Space Medicine or Studies of Impurity Assimilation During How do We Protect Medical Information ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULA- Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- and Still Get Useful Work Done? – 126 TION MODELS D – 176 Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography GRAM – 111 ARID LANDS on International Space Station – 129 Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- Results and Analysis from Space Suit ATMOSPHERIC MODELS phytes – 85 Joint Torque Testing – 23 Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- GRAM – 111 ARITHMETIC ASTRONOMICAL INTERFEROMETRY Moduli Spaces of Zero-Dimensional The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Simulation and Application of GPOPS for Geometric Objects – 137 tory, Status, Prospects – 194 a Trajectory Optimization and Mission Planning Tool – 145 ARMOR ASTROPHYSICS Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Nuclear Astrophysics and Neutron Cross ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and Section Measurements. Final Report. NOAA’s Education Program: Review and Armor-Piercing Projectiles – 44 January 1, 2006-July 31, 2008 – 190 Critique – 18

A-4 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE Development of a Remotely Operated BEDROCK Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Autonomous Satellite Tracking Sys- Principal Components Analysis of Re- sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- tem – 20 flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 AUTONOMY ration Rover Opportunity – 113 ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION Autonomous Measurements of Bridge BEHAVIOR Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Program Climate Research Facility Op- Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Trans- Autonomy on People’s Responses to erations. Quarterly Report January 1 - fer Summary – 58 Embodied Social Agents – 140 March 31, 2009 – 114 Autonomous Measurements of Bridge BETATRONS Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Program Climate Research Facility Op- Sensing Radio Transmitters – 57 Reversed Configuration Geometry by erations, Quarterly Report, July 1 - Sep- Development of a Remotely Operated Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 tember 30, 2009 – 120 Autonomous Satellite Tracking Sys- BIAS Atmospheric Radiation Measurement tem – 20 mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and Program Climate Research Facility Op- Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Yield – 101 erations. Quarterly Report, October 1 - Autonomy on People’s Responses to December 31, 2009 – 122 BINARY STARS Embodied Social Agents – 139 Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant and the Geometry of Accreting Black Monthly Report of the Meteorological Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based Holes in the Hard State – 193 Satellite Center: December 2009 – 118 Robotic Control System – 152 Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and ATOMS Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Re- periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- 2009 – 191 port – 39 ings – 129 V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a ATTACK AIRCRAFT AVALANCHE DIODES Range of Standard Model Accretion MV-22B Osprey: A Strategic Leap For- New Electrostatically-Focused, UV HPD Disks – 189 ward – 10 for Liquid Xenon: A Direct Comparison BINDERS (MATERIALS) with APD, PMT, SiPM in an Integrated ATTITUDE CONTROL Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders Database (08/15/05-08/14/07) – 194 and Pollution Reduction Technolo- Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator gies – 35 Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- BACTERIA troller – 15 Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction BIOASTRONAUTICS (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- ATTITUDE (INCLINATION) craft Water Quality – 133 periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- MER Surface Phase; Blurring the Line ings – 129 Between Fault Protection and What is Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of Supposed to Happen – 187 Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sedi- BIOCHEMISTRY ments – 43 Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Source Tilting Within the Difference For- mulation for Radiation Transport – 160 Regulation of Methane Genes and Ge- BIOCONVERSION nome Expression. (July 1987-March Regulation of Methane Genes and Ge- ATTRACTORS (MATHEMATICS) 2009.) – 100 nome Expression. (July 1987-March Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Sys- 2009.) – 100 tems – 142 Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay BIODYNAMICS AURORAS and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in BALANCING Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 and Under Conditions Artificially Per- Test Token Driven Acoustic Balancing for turbed by HAARP – 113 Sparse Enrollment Data in Cohort GMM Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Speaker Recognition – 168 Simulators – 201 AUTOMATA THEORY BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Automata learning algorithms and pro- BANDWIDTH cesses for providing more complete sys- Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- tems requirements specification by sce- Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 tions – 128 nario generation, CSP-based syntax- Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation oriented model construction, and R2D2C Performance (Preprint) – 69 Track Structure and Calculation of Dose system requirements transforma- Deposition in Nanovolumes – 203 tion – 145 Reservation-Based Quality of Service (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- AUTOMATION mation for the Augustine Committee Re- Automated Tool and Method for System BARIUM view – 204 Safety Analysis: 2009 Progress Re- Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron BIOLOGY port – 7 Detector – 161 Structural Identifiability of Polynomial AUTOMOBILE FUELS BEAT FREQUENCIES and Rational Systems – 152 Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum BIOMASS BURNING CAFE Incentives Policy: Report to Con- Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Ap- gress – 50 ence – 172 proach – 51 AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION BED REST BIOPHYSICS Development and Application of Distrib- Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Overview of the Graphical User Interface uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for Exercise Fixture with Weight for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based AUV Object Avoidance – 25 Stack – 125 Risk Model) – 144

A-5 BIOSPHERE Regularity Properties of Two-Phase Free CAMERAS Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Boundary Problems – 136 Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imag- ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth BOXES (CONTAINERS) ing Inspection System Project – 71 System’s Science Approach. Student Solving the Pallet Loading Prob- Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron Guide – 87 lem – 157 Detector – 161 BIREFRINGENCE BRAGG GRATINGS Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- Independently Moving Cameras – 153 LHCD Experiments – 171 ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health Image-based Localization in Urban Envi- BLACK HOLES (ASTRONOMY) Monitoring – 80 ronments – 76 Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback and the Geometry of Accreting Black Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Obstacle Detection using a TOF Range Holes in the Hard State – 193 Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Camera for Indoor AGV Navigation – 76 Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A BRIDGES (STRUCTURES) CAPILLARY TUBES Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and Web-Based Intelligent Collaborative Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Ejection – 192 Bridge Design System. Final – 81 sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- 53 Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic BRIDGES charge (POSTPRINT) – Rays – 190 Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges CARBON DIOXIDE Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk with Double Composite Action – 82 Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- BROADBAND and Policy Design Considerations – 91 ity – 192 Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary BLOCK DIAGRAMS Science Missions – 190 CARBON MONOXIDE Emissions Inventory Report Summary for A Smart Thermal Block Diagram Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Tool – 74 Los Alamos National Laboratory for Cal- Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 endar Year 2008 – 91 BOARDS (PAPER) Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap First Status Report: Testing of Aged Soft- Performance (Preprint) – 69 CARBON NANOTUBES wood Fiberboard Material for the 9975 Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Shipping Package – 47 Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Polymer Matrices – 48 Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity BOILERS Tracking System – 25 Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 77 BUCKLING Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Polymerization method for formation of Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet Current and Future Composite Over- thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- Report: Project Performance and Eco- taining polymer – 37 nomics – 93 wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- rior Inspection Needs – 83 BOLOMETERS CARBON STEELS Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum BUILDINGS Investigation of the Potential for Caustic Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Environmental Assessment: Proposed Stress Corrosion Cracking of A537 Car- ence – 172 Seat and Canopy Staging Building, Hill bon Steel Nuclear Waste Tanks – 45 Air Force Base, Utah – 6 BONE MINERAL CONTENT CARBONATES Maintenance and Repair of Natural Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Stone. Heron: Volume 54, No. 4 Special Lead Vanadate Precipitation Method for Exercise Fixture with Weight Issue – 81 the Recovery of Vanadium from Carbon- Stack – 125 ate Leach Solutions – 39 Preliminary Assessment of the Energy- BONES Saving Potential of Electrochromic Win- CARBON Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal dows in Residential Buildings – 49 Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- Exercise Fixture with Weight phytes – 85 Stack – 125 Solar Ready Buildings Planning Guide – 88 BORON Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience and Policy Design Considerations – 91 High Performance Plasma Operation on BULKHEADS DIII-D During Extended Periods Without Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Boronization – 177 the Ares I Common Bulkhead – 28 Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum CALIBRATING and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on BOUNDARIES Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- Anemometer Calibration Procedures. basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mine Safety and Health Handbook Se- CARDIOLOGY ries – 94 Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Methods for Treating Congestive Heart Work Plan – 111 Calibration of Faarfield Rigid Pavent De- Failure – 126 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS sign Procedure. Final Report – 5 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Particle and Blood Cell Dynamics in Os- Evaluating the Asymptotic Limits of the cillatory Flows. Final Report – 72 Delete-a-Group Jackknife for Model Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Analyses – 154 Rhythm Problems During Space- BOUNDARY LAYERS flight – 128 TurbSim User’s Guide: Version 1.50. Re- Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for vised August 26, 2009 for TurbSim Ver- LHCD Experiments – 171 Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 sion 1.50 – 1 SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS Fractional-N PLL – 143 CARRIER FREQUENCIES Numerical Algorithms for Free Boundary SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- Differential temperature sensor system Problems of Obstacle Types – 136 port – 191 and method – 70

A-6 CARTS CESSNA AIRCRAFT CIRCUITS Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Utilizing the Digital Fingerprint Methodol- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- ogy for Secure Key Generation – 142 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. CART Analysis of Modeling Episode Evaluation of Potential Exposures during CIRCULATION Days – 123 Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation facturing Plant – 101 for Inverse Compton Scattering- CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 CHAINS V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Idiot’s Guide to the Statistical Theory of CIRRUS CLOUDS Range of Standard Model Accretion Fission Chains – 163 Disks – 189 Distribution and Radiative Forcing of CHALCOGENIDES Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 CATALOGS (PUBLICATIONS) Growth method for chalcongenide CITIES Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens phase-change nanostructures – 34 Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Image-based Localization in Urban Envi- from the Third Data Release Quasar CHAOS ronments – 76 Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Sys- Lens Catalog – 195 CLADDING tems – 142 CATALYSIS Modeling of Laser Cladding with Applica- CHARACTERIZATION tion to Fuel Cell Manufacturing – 33 Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic Computational Flame Characterization of Organics with Novel Mesoporous Orga- New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- CLASSIFICATIONS nosilicas – 35 tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- CATALYSTS PRINT) – 7 tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and Implicit Physics – 116 Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and Experimental Investigation of the Role of coating system using same – 37 Defects in Detonation Sensitivity of En- Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The ergetic Materials: Development of Tech- 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the CAVITIES niques for Characterization – 40 USA Census of Agriculture – 17 Interference Effects in a Photonic Crystal Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Meromorphic Solutions of Difference Cavity – 178 Characterization and Measurement Ac- Painleve Equations – 141 Quench Propagation in the HOM curacy – 77 CLEARANCES Damper of the 56 MHz Cavity – 165 CHARGE INJECTION DEVICES Robotic Range Clearance Competition CELLS (BIOLOGY) Performance and Safety Tests of (R2C2) Lessons Learned – 152 Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Cytometer on a chip – 125 Design Configuration – 66 CLEMENTINE SPACECRAFT CENSUS CHARTS Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Census of Agriculture Non-Response Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Methodology, 2007 – 181 Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 Quadrangle – 103 Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The CHEMICAL ANALYSIS CLIMATE CHANGE 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the Aging of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging USA Census of Agriculture – 17 (PETN) – 41 Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Searching for Donors: Refining an Impu- CHEMICAL ENGINEERING Resolution – 86 tation Strategy – 135 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Indus- trial Research Vol. 52, No. 6, November- Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, CENTER OF GRAVITY December, 2009 – 34 -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity Vallis Region, Mars – 110 CHEMICAL REACTIONS on Human Performance in Simulated Lu- Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- 134 Phytometric intelligence sensors – 135 nar Gravity – basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, CHEMICAL REACTORS CERAMICS Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Effect of Solution Saturation State and Work Plan – 111 Design of Radiation-Tolerant Structural Temperature on Diopside Dissolu- Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy tion – 43 Review of the Office of Research and Systems – 47 Development’s Global Change Research CHIPS (ELECTRONICS) Program at the U.S. Envionmental Pro- Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple tection Agency. Final Report. BOSC Sub- Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Fractional-N PLL – 143 committee on Global Change Re- gether with Phased Array Ultra- search – 121 sound – 48 CHONDRITES An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for Summary Report for the Workshop on Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of Integrating Climate Change Adaptation ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate its Parent Body – 200 into Air Quality Decision Making – 97 (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- CHROMIUM CLIMATE MODELS graph – 189 Hexavalent Chromium – 95 Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain CHROMOSPHERE Temperature Observations into Land Ceramics – 48 Combined Modeling of Acceleration, Surface Models – 115 Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response CLIMATE Using Plasticity Values Determined From in Solar Flares – 202 Systematic Hardness Indentation Mea- Atmospheric Radiation Measurement surements for Predicting Impact Behav- CIRCUIT RELIABILITY Program Climate Research Facility Op- ior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked erations. Quarterly Report January 1 - Screening Technique – 46 Loops – 67 March 31, 2009 – 114

A-7 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement COAL COLLINEARITY Program Climate Research Facility Op- Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Com- Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- erations, Quarterly Report, July 1 - Sep- bustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Body Problem and Space Mission De- tember 30, 2009 – 120 Final Report. PacifiCorp, Naughton sign – 139 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyo- ming – 95 COLLISIONLESS PLASMAS Program Climate Research Facility Op- Gyrokinetic Electron and Fully Kinetic Ion erations. Quarterly Report, October 1 - Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Particle Simulation of Collisionless December 31, 2009 – 122 Dam Assessment Report: Martins Creek Plasma Dynamics – 176 Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Steam Electric Station PPL Generation, COLLISIONS Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 Bangor, Pennsylvania. Final Re- port – 95 An Assessment of the Current LEO De- NOAA’s Education Program: Review and bris Environment and the Need for Active Critique – 18 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John Debris Removal – 197 Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam General Searches for New Particles. At- man Population of Space and its Impact Complex, American Electric Power, St. las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 160 on Survival Probabilities – 131 Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- COLORIMETRY Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- port – 95 Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction quency Climate Processes in the Pa- TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- cific – 119 Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on craft Water Quality – 133 CLIMATOLOGY Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final Report: Project Performance and Eco- COMBAT Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin nomics – 93 Introduction to the General Campaign Temperature Observations into Land Analysis Model (GCAM). Version Surface Models – 115 COASTS 3.3 – 144 Regional Regression Equations for Esti- Coast Zone Management Study Stage COMBINATORIAL ANALYSIS mation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in II – 182 Colorado – 156 Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map Topological Combinatorics – 136 of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: CLINICAL MEDICINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS 1947-2009 – 124 On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- on International Space Station – 129 COASTIRS (Coastal Information Re- formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- trieval System) Library Users’ mance Part B: Combustor Emis- CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM Manual – 183 sions – 52 Environmental Technology Verification Computational Analysis of Dynamic Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- COATING Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- Performance – 50 munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 97 coating system using same – 37 Experiments on Electrically Controlled CLOSURES COAXIAL CABLES Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 139: Waste Disposal Sites, Nevada Test Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to Site, Nevada – 98 1 MHz – 68 COMBUSTION PRODUCTS Seasonal and Monthly Activity Allocation CLOUD PHYSICS COBALT Fractions for Nonroad Engine Emissions CloudSat: the Cloud Profiling Radar Mis- Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Tri- Modeling, December 2005, NR- sion – 119 antimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an 004c – 99 Electrochemical Technique – 40 Distribution and Radiative Forcing of COMBUSTION Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Com- Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY) bustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Final Report. PacifiCorp, Naughton Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyo- Temperature Observations into Land Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds ming – 95 Surface Models – 115 and Optimal Designs – 60 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- New Bounds on the Total-Squared- Dam Assessment Report: Martins Creek tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets Steam Electric Station PPL Generation, Implicit Physics – 116 and Optimal Designs – 61 Bangor, Pennsylvania. Final Re- CLOUDSAT CODE DIVISION MULTIPLEXING port – 95 Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 CloudSat: the Cloud Profiling Radar Mis- Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment sion – 119 CODERS Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam CLUSTER ANALYSIS Speaker Recognition on Lossy Com- Complex, American Electric Power, St. Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- pressed Speech Using the Speex Co- dec – 57 Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from port – 95 Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring CODING Shed – 155 TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for Cellular Class Encoding Approach to In- Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on CLUTTER creasing Efficiency of Nearest Neighbor Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Searching – 60 Report: Project Performance and Eco- Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 COLD FLOW TESTS nomics – 93 Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at U.S. Burning Plasma Organization Activi- Performance (Preprint) – 69 Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 ties – 176

A-8 COMMAND AND CONTROL Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced The USA Strategic Command: A Cold Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- War Icon – 57 gether with Phased Array Ultra- copy (WIDECARS) – 50 sound – 48 COMMERCE COMPUTER GRAPHICS Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for IceT Users’ Guide and Reference – 135 How to Take HRMS Process Manage- the Ares I Common Bulkhead – 27 ment to the Next Level with Workflow COMPUTER INFORMATION SECURITY Business Event System – 145 Seismic Behavior of Circular Reinforced Computer Network Defense Road- Concrete Bridge Columns Under Com- map – 149 COMMUNICATION CABLES bined Loading Including Torsion. Fi- Ultra Safe and Secure Blasting Sys- nal – 81 EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future tem – 63 Earth Sciences Missions – 84 COMPOSITE STRUCTURES Federal Information Security and Data COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Breach Notification Laws, January 28, Computer Network Defense Road- 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- 2010 – 139 map – 149 pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Exposures during IT Challenges for Space Medicine or Enabling Distributed Management for Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- How do We Protect Medical Information Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 facturing Plant – 101 and Still Get Useful Work Done? – 126 Performance Evaluation Modeling of Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- The Comprehensive National Cyberse- Network Sensors – 158 tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding curity Initiative – 150 Reservation-Based Quality of Service for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Towards a Secure Programming Lan- (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 bris – 37 guage. An Access Control System for CommonLisp – 147 ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dy- Quiet Honeycomb Panels – 36 namic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Ultra Safe and Secure Blasting Sys- COMPOSITE WRAPPING Radio Ad Hoc Networks – 61 tem – 63 Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet Scalable and Fault Tolerant Group Key Current and Future Composite Over- COMPUTER NETWORKS Management – 55 wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- Computer Network Defense Road- map – 149 Social Networking and Constituent Com- rior Inspection Needs – 83 munications: Member Use of Twitter Dur- Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- Highly Scalable, UDP-Based Network ing a Two-Month Period in the 111th ing Results from COPV Accelerated Transport Protocols for Lambda Grids Congress, February 3, 2010 – 59 Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White and 10 GE Routed Networks. DOE/MICS Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 Final Project Report. September 2004 - Topology Control Within the Airborne September 2006 – 166 Network Backbone – 56 COMPOSITION (PROPERTY) Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Book Review Geostatistical Analysis of tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 Compositional Data – 156 Visually Managing IPsec – 146 Using Web 2.0 Techniques in NASA’s COMPRESSION LOADS Ares Engineering Operations Network COMPUTER PROGRAMMING Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges Sequence System Building Blocks: Us- (AEON) Environment - First Impres- with Double Composite Action – 82 sions – 19 ing a Component Architecture for Se- COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH quencing Software – 147 COMPARISON Hardened Aircraft Shelter Test Pro- Simulation and Application of GPOPS for Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and gram – 16 a Trajectory Optimization and Mission Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Planning Tool – 145 Crosstalk – 69 COMPTON EFFECT SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation COMPETITION ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- for Inverse Compton Scattering- tion Environment – 145 Robotic Range Clearance Competition Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 (R2C2) Lessons Learned – 152 COMPUTER PROGRAMS COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS Achieving Operability via the Mission COMPLEX SYSTEMS A Framework for Integrated Component System Paradigm – 146 and System Analyses of Instabili- Checking Model Specifications with Assessment of the ‘VISTAS’ Version of ties – 72 CrossCheck – 143 the CALPUFF Modeling System – 91 COMPOSITE MATERIALS CFD Analysis of Experimental Wing and Automata learning algorithms and pro- Winglet for FalconLAUNCH 8 and the cesses for providing more complete sys- Composite Stress Rupture NDE Re- ExFIT Program – 11 search and Development Project (Kev- tems requirements specification by sce- lar[R] and Carbon) – 82 Computational Flame Characterization of nario generation, CSP-based syntax- New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- oriented model construction, and R2D2C Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- system requirements transforma- posites for Space Applications Using Pi- PRINT) – 7 tion – 145 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching LambdaStation: Final Report – 164 Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2 Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Parallel CFD Supporting NASA’s Space tion in the Software Life Cycle – 147 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- Operations Mission Directorate – 73 pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROGRAMS Evaluation of Potential Exposures during Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic Overview of the Graphical User Interface Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based facturing Plant – 101 Section – 2 Risk Model) – 144

A-9 SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- CONTAINERS CORONAGRAPHS ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- First Status Report: Testing of Aged Soft- Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- tion Environment – 145 wood Fiberboard Material for the 9975 ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION Shipping Package – 47 (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Assessment of the ‘VISTAS’ Version of NDA Batch Data Report 2007-17 – 202 graph – 189 the CALPUFF Modeling System – 92 CONTAMINANTS Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s Gyrokinetic Electron and Fully Kinetic Ion Contaminated water treatment – 131 High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- Particle Simulation of Collisionless ing and Experiment – 173 Plasma Dynamics – 175 Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Cal- Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac the Unsaturated Zone – 140 culations into Cantera for Electrolyte So- Rhythm Problems During Space- lutions – 38 TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for flight – 128 Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Rensselaer Component of the Terascale Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final CORONAS Simulation Tools and Technologies. Final Report: Project Performance and Eco- Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 Report – 179 nomics – 93 Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V- COMPUTERS 57) Quadrangle, Venus – 108 CONTAMINATION Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra Wireless Platform – 181 INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Re- port – 39 (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 Using a Computer Game for Research CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- CONTINUOUS SPECTRA sons Learned from A NATO Experi- Properties of the Discrete and Continu- Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin ment – 130 ous Spectrum of Differential Opera- Temperature Observations into Land 115 tors – 138 Surface Models – CONCENTRATORS CORROSION PREVENTION Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen CONTROL SIMULATION Generation – 31 Corrosivity Literature and Data Review Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator for Demineralization Concentrate Man- CONCRETES Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- agement Studies and Well Completion troller – 15 Development of Design Parameters for Design – 42 Mass Concrete Using Finite Element CONTROL SYSTEMS DESIGN Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- Analysis – 49 Overview of the Altair Lunar Lander Ther- mance Report (2008) – 9 Seismic Behavior of Circular Reinforced mal Control System Design – 195 CORROSION RESISTANCE Concrete Bridge Columns Under Com- bined Loading Including Torsion. Fi- CONTROL THEORY General Corrosion Resistance Compari- nal – 81 Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- sons of Medium- and High-Strength Alu- timal Control Modification on an F-18 minum Alloys for DOD Systems Using CONFERENCES Aircraft Model – 16 Laboratory-Based Accelerated Corrosion Chair’s Report Trans-Pacific Symposium Methods – 45 on Dismantling Transnational Illicit Net- Inverse Problems in Analytic Interpola- works. Honolulu, Hawaii, November tion for Robust Control and Spectral Es- CORROSION 9-12, 2009 – 59 timation – 137 Corrosivity Literature and Data Review for Demineralization Concentrate Man- Proceedings of RIPKEN BNL Research CONTROLLERS agement Studies and Well Completion Center Workshop (Volume 93) PHENIX Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator Design – 42 Spinfest School 2009 at BNL. July 01 - Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- July 31, 2009 – 163 troller – 15 posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Towards a National Marine Pollution ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Policy. Proceedings from a Workshop on CONTROL Marine Pollution Policy. Held in Galilee, Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Sys- Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Al- Rhode Island on June 25-27, 1980 – 72 tems – 142 ternative Salt Transfer Method for the Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the CONFIGURATION INTERACTION Control system for bearingless motor- Oak Ridge National Laboratory – 42 generator – 70 Electronic Structure of Transition Metal General Corrosion Resistance Compari- Clusters, Actinide Complexes and Their CONVECTION sons of Medium- and High-Strength Alu- Reactivities – 43 Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane minum Alloys for DOD Systems Using CONGESTION Predictability – 117 Laboratory-Based Accelerated Corrosion Methods – 45 Status of the Aviation Rulemaking Com- Forecasting Lightning Threat Using WRF mittees 77 Initiatives for Reducing De- Proxy Fields – 115 Investigation of the Potential for Caustic lays in the New York Area Federal Avia- Stress Corrosion Cracking of A537 Car- tion Administration – 8 COOLANTS bon Steel Nuclear Waste Tanks – 45 CONSTRUCTION Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, Results of Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- Development Unit Test Results – 73 the Phase II Testing of Sulfur-Iodine In- structive Testing Procedures for Both De- tegrated Lab Scale Experiments, Final COOLING SYSTEMS sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- Report – 39 tion – 80 Development, Fabrication, and Testing of a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Ex- COSMIC RAYS CONSUMABLES (SPACECRAFT) changer for Constellation Space- Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Lunar Daylight Exploration – 199 crafts – 27 Rays – 191

A-10 COSMOLOGY CREEP RUPTURE STRENGTH CRYSTALS High-Energy Physics Outstanding Junior Composite Stress Rupture NDE Re- Interference Effects in a Photonic Crystal Investigator Program. Summary Re- search and Development Project (Kev- Cavity – 178 port – 164 lar[R] and Carbon) – 82 Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- CREW EXPLORATION VEHICLE lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- port – 191 Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental ogy – 179 Control and Life Support Ddevelopment COST EFFECTIVENESS CULTURAL RESOURCES Status – 28 Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Historic Preservation Response Method- Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 Plume Visualization of Orion Launch ology, Based on the Hurricane Katrina Cost-Effective Strategy for Surface Navy Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Model – 204 Background-Oriented Schlieren – 3 Systems Integration and Test Engineer- CURRENT DENSITY ing – 55 CRIME 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum- How to Take HRMS Process Manage- IC3 (Internet Crime Complaint Center) Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal ment to the Next Level with Workflow 2009 Internet Crime Report, January Design – 173 Business Event System – 144 1-December 31, 2009 – 141 CYCLONES IC3 (Internet Crime Complaint Center) COST ESTIMATES Design, Implementation and Operation of A Smart Thermal Block Diagram Internet Crime Report, January 1-December 31, 2006 – 140 a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone Tool – 74 Hazard Model – 117 CROSS FLOW COST REDUCTION CYCLOTRONS Lunar Daylight Exploration – 199 Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron MCCx C3I Control Center Interface Emu- (Postprint) – 54 Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on lator – 19 NSTX – 174 CROSSTALK CYLINDRICAL BODIES COSTS Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical Hall Thrusters – 65 Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Crosstalk – 68 Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the CYTOLOGY lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Cytometer on a chip – 125 Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- CYTOMETRY 2009 – 88 ways – 126 Cytometer on a chip – 125 COUNTING CRUDE OIL Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders DAMAGE ASSESSMENT plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- and Pollution Reduction Technolo- Damage Assessment of Structures an Air bunching – 167 gies – 35 Force Office of Scientific Research Structural Mechanics Perspective – 13 P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- CRUSTS tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 CRAB NEBULA tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for New Observations of the Crab Nebula Tectonic and Volcanic History of the Quantification of Rock Damage from and Pulsar – 188 North Polar Region of Venus – 109 Small Explosions and Its Effect on Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South CRACK PROPAGATION Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- DAMAGE Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger A Framework for Integrated Component posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Basin – 110 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 37 and System Analyses of Instabili- Preliminary Geological Map of the For- ties – 72 Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain tuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Ve- Ceramics – 48 Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- nus – 107 ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health CRACKING (FRACTURING) CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURE Monitoring – 80 Investigation of the Potential for Caustic Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Anisotropic Effective Moduli of Microc- Stress Corrosion Cracking of A537 Car- posites for Space Applications Using Pi- rack Damaged Media – 177 bon Steel Nuclear Waste Tanks – 45 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 37 Calculation of Damage, He and H Pro- CRATERS CRYPTOGRAPHY duction Using SPECTER – 33 Geologic Mapping Investigations of the IT Challenges for Space Medicine or Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, How do We Protect Medical Information posites for Space Applications Using Pi- 103 Mars – and Still Get Useful Work Done? – 127 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and CRYSTAL SURFACES Quantification of Rock Damage from the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- Small Explosions and Its Effect on tem – 106 Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorption Spectroscopy Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra (IRAS) Studies of NO on Rh Single Crys- (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 tal Surfaces – 41 DAMS Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Com- Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia CRYSTALLIZATION bustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Planum, Mars – 103 Screening and Crystallization Plates for Final Report. PacifiCorp, Naughton Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Manual and High-throughput Protein Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyo- Tooting – 105 Crystal Growth – 178 ming – 95

A-11 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Atmospheric Radiation Measurement DEGRADATION Dam Assessment Report: Martins Creek Program Climate Research Facility Op- Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator Steam Electric Station PPL Generation, erations, Quarterly Report, July 1 - Sep- Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- Bangor, Pennsylvania. Final Re- tember 30, 2009 – 120 troller – 15 port – 95 DATA PRODUCTS Composite Stress Rupture NDE Re- Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – 112 search and Development Project (Kev- Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John lar[R] and Carbon) – 82 E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam DATA REDUCTION DEMINERALIZING Complex, American Electric Power, St. The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Corrosivity Literature and Data Review Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- tory, Status, Prospects – 194 port – 95 for Demineralization Concentrate Man- DATA SYSTEMS agement Studies and Well Completion 42 DARK ENERGY How to Take HRMS Process Manage- Design – Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens ment to the Next Level with Workflow DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Business Event System – 145 Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation from the Third Data Release Quasar Track Structure and Calculation of Dose Lens Catalog – 195 Overview and Software Architecture of the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Deposition in Nanovolumes – 204 DATA ACQUISITION Optimization System – 26 DEPENDENT VARIABLES Achieving Operability via the Mission Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Importance Sampling and Dependence System Paradigm – 146 Dawn Ground Data System Engineering Modeling – 155 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - Challenge – 18 DEPLOYMENT 2009 – 107 DATA TRANSMISSION Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Dawn Ground Data System Engineering Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Challenge – 19 Dawn Ground Data System Engineering tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 Challenge – 18 DEPTH Improving Timeliness and Reliability of DATA BASES Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- Computer Network Defense Road- map – 149 California Parkinson’s Disease Registry ronments with Mockets Communications Pilot Project - Southern California Ascer- Library – 150 DESCENT tainment – 125 The Challenge of Mars EDL (Entry, De- DEBRIS scent, and Landing) – 201 New Electrostatically-Focused, UV HPD Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from for Liquid Xenon: A Direct Comparison the Field – 53 DESIGN ANALYSIS with APD, PMT, SiPM in an Integrated Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Database (08/15/05-08/14/07) – 194 DECISION MAKING Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Summary Report for the Workshop on Status – 28 Integrating Climate Change Adaptation Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- into Air Quality Decision Making – 97 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air DECODERS Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 Speaker Recognition on Lossy Com- tural Health Monitoring – 82 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of pressed Speech Using the Speex Co- Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for dec – 57 rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf DECOMPOSITION Minimized Structural Design and Assess- of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 Intelligent Transportation Systems Data ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of (RLVs) – 4 sition Technique – 182 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Design and Implementation of the MSL the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: DECONTAMINATION Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 123 Data Analysis – Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Development of Design Parameters for Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical Mass Concrete Using Finite Element Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Materials – 14 Analysis – 49 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid Logistics: Supply Based or Distribution CART Analysis of Modeling Episode (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- Based? – 157 Days – 123 drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- MRDAP User/Developer Documenta- DATA COMPRESSION pound – 34 tion – 170 Intelligent Transportation Systems Data DEEP SPACE NETWORK Overview and Software Architecture of Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space the Copernicus Trajectory Design and sition Technique – 182 Network – 26 Optimization System – 26 DATA MANAGEMENT Web-Based Intelligent Collaborative DEFECTS Corrosivity Literature and Data Review Bridge Design System. Final – 81 Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet for Demineralization Concentrate Man- DESIGN OPTIMIZATION agement Studies and Well Completion Current and Future Composite Over- Design – 42 wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- Overview and Software Architecture of rior Inspection Needs – 83 the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Optimization System – 26 DATA PROCESSING Experimental Investigation of the Role of Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and Defects in Detonation Sensitivity of En- Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste ergetic Materials: Development of Tech- Unified System for Trajectory Design and Glass – 120 niques for Characterization – 40 Optimization – 29

A-12 Web-Based Intelligent Collaborative DEUTERIUM DIOXIDES Bridge Design System. Final – 81 Development of a Hydrogen and Deute- Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- rium Polarized Gas Target for Application DESTRUCTION 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, in Storage Rings – 164 Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, Destructive Examination of Shipping January 2010. Evaluation of Potential Package 9975-02028 – 99 DEVELOPING NATIONS Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- DESTRUCTIVE TESTS Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya Destructive Examination of Shipping who use LED Lamps – 88 DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS Package 9975-02028 – 99 DIAGNOSIS Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track DETECTION On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography New L2C Signal – 63 Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- on International Space Station – 129 DIRICHLET PROBLEM ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health Monitoring – 80 Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- Augmenting Latent Dirichlet Allocation quency Climate Processes in the Pa- and Rank Threshold Detection with On- Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal cific – 119 tologies – 184 Detection with Applications to Radars and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 DIAMONDS DISASTERS Development of Designer Diamond Augmenting Latent Dirichlet Allocation A History of the Committee on Science Technology for High Pressure High Tem- and Rank Threshold Detection with On- and Technology – 84 perature Experiments in Support of tologies – 184 Stockpile Stewardship Program. Final IT Challenges for Space Medicine or Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Report – 49 How do We Protect Medical Information Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- and Still Get Useful Work Done? – 126 DICHOTOMIES Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Trans- DISCRETE FUNCTIONS fer Summary – 58 Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Nili Fossae, Mars – 105 crete Maximum Principle – 153 Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Sensing Radio Transmitters – 57 DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES DISEASES California Parkinson’s Disease Registry Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Pilot Project - Southern California Ascer- posites for Space Applications Using Pi- sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- tainment – 125 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for DIELECTRICS DISPLACEMENT Independently Moving Cameras – 153 Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- Displacement Transducers for High Tem- Performance Evaluation Modeling of charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 perature Irradiations in the Advanced Network Sensors – 158 Test Reactor – 66 DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- Meromorphic Solutions of Difference DISSOLVING tion in the Software Life Cycle – 147 Painleve Equations – 141 Effect of Solution Saturation State and DETECTORS Temperature on Diopside Dissolu- DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS Estimating Characteristics of a Maneu- tion – 43 Contributions to the Stochastic Maximum vering Reentry Vehicle Observed by Mul- Principle – 137 DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT tiple Sensors – 65 Meromorphic Solutions of Difference Dialect Distance Assessment Based on Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Painleve Equations – 141 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and Characterization and Measurement Ac- Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 curacy – 77 Properties of the Discrete and Continu- ous Spectrum of Differential Opera- DISTILLATION EQUIPMENT General Searches for New Particles. At- tors – 138 Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 160 opment: Early Results from the Explora- DIGITAL CAMERAS P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- tion Life Support Distillation Technology tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Comparison Test – 131 ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth DETERIORATION System’s Science Approach. Student DISTILLATION Calculation of Age Distributions in the Guide – 87 Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Nonroad Model: Growth and Scrappage, opment: Early Results from the Explora- DIGITAL DATA December 2005, NR-007c – 100 tion Life Support Distillation Technology New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Comparison Test – 131 DETONATION gion of Mars – 104 Experimental Investigation of the Role of DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK LASERS DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS Defects in Detonation Sensitivity of En- Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback ergetic Materials: Development of Tech- New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in niques for Characterization – 40 gion of Mars – 104 Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Hardened Aircraft Shelter Test Pro- Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Tooting – 105 DIVERGENCE gram – 16 Dialect Distance Assessment Based on Quantification of Rock Damage from DIGITAL FILTERS 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and Small Explosions and Its Effect on Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Science Missions – 190 DIVERTERS DETONATORS DIGITAL SYSTEMS Initial Study Comparing the Radiating Numerical Investigation of Pre-Detonator Utilizing the Digital Fingerprint Methodol- Divertor Behavior Single-Null and Geometries for PDE Applications – 153 ogy for Secure Key Generation – 142 Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D – 177

A-13 DOCUMENT MARKUP LANGUAGES DUST Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Journal of Research of the National Insti- Examining the Uppermost Surface of the ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth tute of Standards and Technology, Moon – 199 System’s Science Approach. Student January-February 2010, Volume 115, Guide – 86 DWARF STARS No. 1 – 139 V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a EARTH SURFACE DOCUMENTS Range of Standard Model Accretion Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Past to Present: JPL Library, Archives Disks – 189 Temperature Observations into Land and Records – 184 Surface Models – 115 DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS DOPED CRYSTALS Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Sys- EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect in n-Doped Bulk tems – 142 Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ Power Substation Under Earthquake GaAs – 178 Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- Loads – 81 DOPPLER EFFECT Body Problem and Space Mission De- Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP sign – 139 EARTHQUAKES Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 DYNAMIC CONTROL Post-Cyclic Behavior of Low Plasticity Silt Under Full and Limited Liquefaction Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Inverse Problems in Analytic Interpola- Using Triaxial Compression Testing. Fi- Performance (Preprint) – 69 tion for Robust Control and Spectral Es- nal – 83 timation – 137 DOPPLER RADAR Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ LambdaStation: Final Report – 164 Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Power Substation Under Earthquake Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 DYNAMIC RANGE Loads – 80 DOSIMETERS Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY Hanford External Dosimetry Technical bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 78 On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Basis Manual – 203 DYNAMIC RESPONSE on International Space Station – 129 Methods and Models of the Hanford In- Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions ECONOMIC ANALYSIS of Plug-and-Play Sat I – 21 ternal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA- FAA Aerospace Forecast, Fiscal Years 97 860 – DYNAMIC TESTS 2010-2030 – 6 DOWNLINKING Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Lead Vanadate Precipitation Method for EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future Test Approach and Results – 31 the Recovery of Vanadium from Carbon- Earth Sciences Missions – 84 DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS ate Leach Solutions – 39 DRAINAGE Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Sys- Summary of the Updated Regulatory Im- Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and tems – 142 pact Analysis (RIA) for the Reconsidera- the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- EARTH ANALOGS tion of the 2008 Ozone National Air Qual- tem – 106 Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith ity Standards (NAAQS) – 96 Regional Regression Equations for Esti- Simulants – 198 ECONOMIC IMPACT mation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in EARTH HYDROSPHERE Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Colorado – 156 Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Emission Reductions: Comparative Role DRONE VEHICLES ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and 94 Proposed Functional Architecture and System’s Science Approach. Student Forestry – Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Guide – 87 Energy Market and Economic Impacts of mon Ground Control Station for Un- a Proposal to Reduce Greenhouse Gas EARTH IONOSPHERE manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Intensity with a Cap and Trade Sys- Orbit Maneuver for Responsive Cover- tem – 93 DROPS (LIQUIDS) age Using Electric Propulsion – 26 Charging Effects on Fluid Stream Drop- ECONOMICS EARTH LIMB lets for Momentum Exchange Between Corporate Average Fuel Economy Stan- Spacecraft – 17 LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – 112 dards for MY 2005-2007 Light Trucks. Final Economic Assessment – 91 DROUGHT EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM (EOS) Long-Duration Drought Variability and Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case spheric Aerosols – 192 Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- EARTH ORBITAL ENVIRONMENTS for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Forestry – 94 tana USA – 117 An Assessment of the Current LEO De- DRYING bris Environment and the Need for Active TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Particle Size Control for PIV Seeding Debris Removal – 197 Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final Using Dry Ice – 55 Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- Report: Project Performance and Eco- tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size nomics – 93 DURABILITY Regimes – 22 Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- ECOSYSTEMS mance Report (2008) – 10 EARTH ORBITS Long-Duration Drought Variability and Verification of KAM Theory on Earth Or- LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case biting Satellites – 185 Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on EARTH SCIENCES tana USA – 117 Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future ECUADOR Earth Sciences Missions – 84 DUST STORMS Scientific Cooperation Between Italy Principal Components Analysis of Re- Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars man Population of Space and its Impact of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Exploration Rover Opportunity – 197 on Survival Probabilities – 185 Health Concern – 98

A-14 EDITING Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Com- ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT Searching for Donors: Refining an Impu- bustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Calculation of Damage, He and H Pro- tation Strategy – 135 Final Report. PacifiCorp, Naughton duction Using SPECTER – 33 Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyo- EDUCATION ming – 95 ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES Educational Technology in Public School Experiments on Electrically Controlled Districts: Fall 2008. First Look – 136 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- Dam Assessment Report: Martins Creek sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- Steam Electric Station PPL Generation, ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather Bangor, Pennsylvania. Final Re- ELECTROCHEMISTRY Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- port – 95 Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Tri- lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather antimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John Electrochemical Technique – 40 NOAA’s Education Program: Review and E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam ELECTROCHROMISM Critique – 18 Complex, American Electric Power, St. Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math of Training and Education for the Protec- port – 95 Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar tion of Workers – 134 Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and Lander – 64 The Comprehensive National Cyberse- Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Preliminary Assessment of the Energy- curity Initiative – 150 Crosstalk – 68 Saving Potential of Electrochromic Win- Transition to J-STD-001DS: A Guide for ELECTRIC POTENTIAL dows in Residential Buildings – 49 Implementation. NASA Workmanship A Few Examples of Spacecraft Anoma- ELECTROLYSIS Standards Program – 71 lies Attributed to Transient Voltages and Development and Testing of High Sur- Currents Issues – 30 EIGENVALUES face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- Improving the Parallel Performance of a Observed Coupling Between the Interna- ide Electrolysis – 196 Domain Decomposition Preconditioning tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Technique in the Jacobi-Davidson FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- 23 Method for Large Scale Eigenvalue Geomagnetic Field – tion – 40 Problems – 142 Performance and Safety Tests of ELECTROLYTES Interlaced Particles in Tilings and Ran- Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Design Configuration – 65 Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous dom Matrices – 138 Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Cal- EJECTION ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS culations into Cantera for Electrolyte So- Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Com- lutions – 38 bustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and ELECTROLYTIC CELLS Ejection – 193 Final Report. PacifiCorp, Naughton Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyo- Performance and Safety Tests of ELECTRIC BATTERIES ming – 95 Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Design Configuration – 66 21st Century Locomotive Technology: Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Quarterly Technical Status Report Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS 26 – 71 E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- High-g Shock Test Results of Tadiran Complex, American Electric Power, St. nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 TLM-1530MP Cells – 87 Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- port – 95 ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRA ELECTRIC CHARGE Strategic Vision for Spectrum – 160 Performance and Safety Tests of ELECTRIC PROPULSION Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Analysis of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion ELECTRON BEAMS Design Configuration – 66 System Designs for Small Unmanned Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for Aircraft Systems – 11 Temperature Measurements in Hyper- ELECTRIC CONTACTS Charging Effects on Fluid Stream Drop- sonic Flows – 78 NRL Fact Book – 53 lets for Momentum Exchange Between ELECTRON DENSITY (CONCENTRA- P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Spacecraft – 17 TION) 74 tors for Low-Level Counting – Orbit Maneuver for Responsive Cover- Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in ELECTRIC CURRENT age Using Electric Propulsion – 26 the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close ELECTRIC WIRE and Under Conditions Artificially Per- turbed by HAARP – 113 Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and 1 MHz – 68 Measurement of Wire-to-Wire ELECTRON EMISSION Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Crosstalk – 68 Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- Development of the Electric Wiring Inter- Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 connection System Risk Assessment NSTX – 174 Tool – 67 ELECTRIC DISCHARGES ELECTRON ENERGY Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Observed Coupling Between the Interna- sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the 1 MHz – 68 Geomagnetic Field – 24 ELECTRIC GENERATORS Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and Analysis of S. 1844, the Clear Skies Act ELECTRON SCATTERING Measurement of Wire-to-Wire of 2003; S. 843, the Clean Air Planning High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Crosstalk – 68 Act of 2003; and S. 366, the Clean Power for Inverse Compton Scattering- Act of 2003 – 94 Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Produced Gamma-Rays – 174

A-15 ELECTRON TRANSFER ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Elec- Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull tron Transfer – 164 and Policy Design Considerations – 91 Vallis Region, Mars – 110 ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE Coast Zone Management Study Stage Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- Electronic Structure of Transition Metal II – 182 basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Clusters, Actinide Complexes and Their ENVIRONMENT MODELS Work Plan – 111 Reactivities – 43 Air Quality Modeling Technical Support ELECTRO-OPTICS Documents: Changes to the Renewable Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- ping along the Coprates Rise – Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron Fuel Standard Program – 92 110 Detector – 161 The NASA Short-Term Prediction Re- ERROR ANALYSIS ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS (FIELD search and Transition (SPoRT) Center: Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- THEORY) Opportunities for Collaboration in the tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- High-Energy Physics Outstanding Junior Great Lakes Region – 119 ral Resolution SST Analyses – 86 Investigator Program. Summary Re- ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL Uncertainty Quantification of Multi- port – 164 Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Component Isotope-Separation Cascade ELEVATION Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Model – 156 DC 12m Telescope Preliminary Calcula- Status – 28 ERRORS tions Investigation of Elevation Axis Po- ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Checking Model Specifications with sition – 173 Environmental Assessment: Proposed CrossCheck – 143 ELLIPTICAL ORBITS Seat and Canopy Staging Building, Hill Low Rate Speech Coding and Random 6 Orbit Maneuver for Responsive Cover- Air Force Base, Utah – Bit Errors: A Subjective Speech Quality age Using Electric Propulsion – 26 The NASA Short-Term Prediction Re- Matching Experiment – 59 EMBEDDING search and Transition (SPoRT) Center: Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray Opportunities for Collaboration in the Checking Model Specifications with Telescopes – 173 Great Lakes Region – 119 CrossCheck – 143 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ESTIMATES EMITTERS Emissions Inventory Report Summary for Nonroad Engine Population Estimates, 93 Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- Los Alamos National Laboratory for Cal- December 2005, NR-006d – lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- endar Year 2008 – 91 RHIC Low Energy Beam Loss Projec- ogy – 179 165 ENZYMES tions – ENCAPSULATING Environmental Technology Verification ESTIMATING Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- A New Representative for Small-Body 20 the Human Exploration of Mars – num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- Gravity Estimation – 196 munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 97 ENERGY BUDGETS Estimating Characteristics of a Maneu- Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Phytometric intelligence sensors – 134 vering Reentry Vehicle Observed by Mul- Temperature Observations into Land tiple Sensors – 65 Surface Models – 115 EPIDEMIOLOGY Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to ETHYL ALCOHOL ENERGY CONSERVATION Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay Air Quality Modeling Technical Support Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 Documents: Changes to the Renewable hicles with Charge Control Technology in EPOXY MATRIX COMPOSITES Fuel Standard Program – 92 the Xcel Energy Territory – 65 Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- ETHYLENE ENERGY DISSIPATION ing Results from COPV Accelerated Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced RHIC Low Energy Beam Loss Projec- Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- tions – 166 Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 copy (WIDECARS) – 50 ENERGY GAPS (SOLID STATE) EPOXY RESINS EVALUATION Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Infrared Countermeasures Test and Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to 2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, Evaluation – 54 225 K – 162 Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin ENERGY POLICY EXHAUST EMISSION while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Ar- Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act rangements – 36 CAFE Incentives Policy: Report to Con- formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- gress – 50 EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- sions – 52 ENERGY SPECTRA bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 78 Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Conversion Factors for Hydrocarbon Rays – 191 ERGODIC PROCESS Emission Components, December 2005, Limit Theorems for Ergodic Group Ac- NR-002c – 99 ENERGY STORAGE tions and Random Walks – 136 Exhaust Emission Factors for Nonroad Lunar Daylight Exploration – 199 EROSION Engine Modeling: Spark-Ignition, De- cember 2005, NR-010e – 79 ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Achieving Operability via the Mission Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- System Paradigm – 146 Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Trans- ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 fer Summary – 58 ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS Seasonal and Monthly Activity Allocation Environmental Assessment: Proposed Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Fractions for Nonroad Engine Emissions Seat and Canopy Staging Building, Hill Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Modeling, December 2005, NR- Air Force Base, Utah – 6 Sensing Radio Transmitters – 57 004c – 99

A-16 EXHAUST GASES Scientific Cooperation Between Italy Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges Infrared Countermeasures Test and (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention with Double Composite Action – 82 Evaluation – 54 of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Health Concern – 98 Seasonal and Monthly Activity Allocation Polymer Matrices – 48 Fractions for Nonroad Engine Emissions Workplace Solutions: Reducing Expo- Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Modeling, December 2005, NR- sure to Lead and Noise at Indoor Firing Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- 100 004c – 99 Ranges – neering Development Unit – 186 Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic EXTERNAL TANKS LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing Large Scale Shearography Inspection of Section – 2 the Space Shuttle External Fuel Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Tank – 186 Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary EXHAUST NOZZLES Studies – 198 Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic EXTRATERRESTRIAL RADIATION P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Section – 2 tion Research – 203 FABRICS EXPANDABLE STRUCTURES Overview of the Graphical User Interface Aerosol Penetration Through Protective Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based Fabrics – 133 Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- Risk Model) – 143 neering Development Unit – 186 Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- FAR FIELDS EXPERIENCE mation for the Augustine Committee Re- A Study of Near to Far Fields of JPL Deep Space Network (DSN) Antennas Working at NASA – 194 view – 204 for RFI Analysis – 63 EXTRATERRESTRIAL RESOURCES EXPERT SYSTEMS Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- man Population of Space and its Impact Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Implicit Physics – 116 on Survival Probabilities – 131 FASTENERS EXPLOSIONS EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Quantification of Rock Damage from rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Small Explosions and Its Effect on on Human Performance in Simulated Lu- nar Gravity – 134 Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- Shear-Wave Generation – 114 tural Health Monitoring – 82 EXPLOSIVES EVA Physiology, Systems and Perfor- mance [EPSP] Project – 127 FATIGUE (MATERIALS) Hardened Aircraft Shelter Test Pro- Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials gram – 16 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Ef- Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of The Impact-Induced Triggering of Hot fects of Several Paint Removal Technolo- the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Spots in Energetic/Explosive Materials. gies on the Static and Fatigue Properties Part 2: Adiabatic Temperature Distribu- Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space of Thin Aerospace Structural Materi- tion Near a Spherical Hole – 39 Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- als – 35 neering Development Unit – 186 EXPOSURE FAULT TOLERANCE Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture California Parkinson’s Disease Registry Fault Tolerance Reuse During Refine- Study Based on a High-Mobility Explora- Pilot Project - Southern California Ascer- ment – 139 tion Scenario – 200 tainment – 125 Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant Observed Coupling Between the Interna- Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, Robotic Control System – 152 FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, Scalable and Fault Tolerant Group Key Geomagnetic Field – 23 January 2010. Evaluation of Potential Management – 55 Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese Proposed Schematics for an Advanced SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- Loops – 66 port System – 133 Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- FEASIBILITY 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- EXTRAVEHICULAR MOBILITY UNITS Comprehensive Solar Energy Power pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. Results and Analysis from Space Suit System for the Turkey Lake Service Evaluation of Potential Exposures during Joint Torque Testing – 23 Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility facturing Plant – 101 EYE (ANATOMY) Study – 87 Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- FEED SYSTEMS of Fatigue – 154 2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, A Framework for Integrated Component Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. EYE MOVEMENTS and System Analyses of Instabili- Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector ties – 72 while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Ar- of Fatigue – 154 FEEDBACK CONTROL rangements – 35 F-18 AIRCRAFT Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, timal Control Modification on an F-18 FEEDBACK March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Aircraft Model – 16 Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating FABRICATION Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and Rooms – 100 Model Reanalysis Products – 118 Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching tion Research – 202 1 MHz – 68 Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2

A-17 Thermal Modeling and Feedback Re- FISSION FLORIDA quirements for LIFE Neutronic Simula- Idiot’s Guide to the Statistical Theory of Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to tions – 171 Fission Chains – 163 Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 FEEDFORWARD CONTROL FIXTURES FLOW VISUALIZATION Instrument Pointing Control System for Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal the Stellar Interferometry Mission - Exercise Fixture with Weight Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Planet Quest – 30 Stack – 125 Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Background-Oriented Schlieren – 4 FERROELECTRICITY Light-Emitting Diode Taxiway Edge Light FLUID FILTERS A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin- Photometric Evaluation – 8 Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimen- Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from tary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 FLAME HOLDERS the Field – 53 GHz – 40 Experiments on Electrically Controlled FLUID FLOW FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys FLAMES copy (WIDECARS) – 50 (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- Computational Flame Characterization of FLUID JETS ing – 44 New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region FIELD OF VIEW tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- PRINT) – 7 (Postprint) – 54 ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS FLUORESCENCE System’s Science Approach. Student Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- Guide – 87 ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- FIELD TESTS Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- bunching – 167 Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather Photogrammetric system and method hicles with Charge Control Technology in Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 used in the characterization of a struc- the Xcel Energy Territory – 65 How to Boost Engineering Support Via ture – 77 Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Web 2.0 - Seeds for the Ares FLUX (RATE) Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Project...and/or Yours? – 157 Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Tracking System – 25 Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and FLIGHT CONTROL Model Reanalysis Products – 118 FIELD-PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track timal Control Modification on an F-18 FLY ASH New L2C Signal – 63 Aircraft Model – 16 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John FILTRATION L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam Contaminated water treatment – 131 Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Complex, American Electric Power, St. tion – 16 FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- port – 96 Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions MER Surface Phase; Blurring the Line of Plug-and-Play Sat I – 21 Between Fault Protection and What is FLYING PLATFORMS Supposed to Happen – 187 Development of Design Parameters for Enabling Distributed Management for Mass Concrete Using Finite Element FLIGHT CREWS Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 Analysis – 49 Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air FOAMS Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain Quality of the International Space Sta- Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- Ceramics – 48 tion – 92 tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ FLIGHT OPERATIONS bris – 38 Power Substation Under Earthquake Achieving Operability via the Mission Loads – 80 System Paradigm – 146 FORECASTING Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane FIRE EXTINGUISHERS MV-22B Osprey: A Strategic Leap For- Predictability – 117 Computational Flame Characterization of ward – 10 FAA Aerospace Forecast, Fiscal Years New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight 2010-2030 – 6 tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- Operations Enterprise Supply PRINT) – 7 Chain – 132 FOREST MANAGEMENT Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas FIRE FIGHTING Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Computational Flame Characterization of Dawn Ground Data System Engineering for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- Challenge – 18 Forestry – 94 tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- PRINT) – 7 FLIGHT TEST VEHICLES FORESTS L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas FIRES Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Computational Flame Characterization of tion – 16 for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- Forestry – 94 tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- FLIGHT TESTS FORMALDEHYDE PRINT) – 7 Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Test Approach and Results – 31 FISSIONABLE MATERIALS Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- Over Batch Analysis for the LLNL DOE- Robotic Lunar Lander Development struments to a Laboratory-Based STD-3013 Packaging System – 80 Project Status – 29 Method – 90

A-18 FOSSILS FUEL CONSUMPTION GALLIUM ARSENIDES Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Development of Morphing Aircraft Struc- High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- ture Using SMP – 4 Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil FUEL CONTAMINATION Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect in n-Doped Bulk Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from GaAs – 178 2009 – 89 the Field – 53 FRACTURE STRENGTH GAMMA RAY ASTRONOMY FUEL PRODUCTION Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Ceramics – 48 with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- tor – 188 FRACTURING tion – 40 GAMMA RAY BURSTS Ultra Safe and Secure Blasting Sys- FUEL SYSTEMS tem – 63 All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- FRAGMENTS formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- tor – 188 An Assessment of the Current LEO De- mance Part B: Combustor Emis- bris Environment and the Need for Active sions – 52 GAMMA RAYS All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Debris Removal – 197 Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr tor – 188 (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and tion – 40 High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Armor-Piercing Projectiles – 44 FUEL TANKS for Inverse Compton Scattering- Hardened Aircraft Shelter Test Pro- Design and Implementation of the MSL Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 gram – 16 Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- FREE BOUNDARIES Large Scale Shearography Inspection of tion Research – 202 Numerical Algorithms for Free Boundary the Space Shuttle External Fuel Problems of Obstacle Types – 136 Tank – 186 Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- mation for the Augustine Committee Re- Regularity Properties of Two-Phase Free FUELS view – 204 Boundary Problems – 136 Air Quality Modeling Technical Support Documents: Changes to the Renewable GAS GIANT PLANETS FREEZING Fuel Standard Program – 92 Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Effects of Operating Jet Fuels Below the Science Missions – 190 Specification Freeze Point Temperature Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- Limit – 15 phytes – 84 GAS INJECTION Models and Characteristics of Freezing FULL SCALE TESTS Studies of Impurity Assimilation During Rain and Freezing Drizzle for Aircraft Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- 176 Icing Applications – 4 Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math D – Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar FREQUENCIES GAS JETS Lander – 64 Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Improved Phased Array Imaging of a Characterization and Measurement Ac- Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Model Jet – 168 Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- curacy – 77 GASKETS neering Development Unit – 186 FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT Lifetime Predictions for Model 9975 ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dy- FUNCTIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS O-Rings in KAMS – 33 namic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT Radio Ad Hoc Networks – 62 namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- FREQUENCY RANGES CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather A Study of Near to Far Fields of JPL tion – 27 Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- Deep Space Network (DSN) Antennas lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather for RFI Analysis – 63 GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz tion Research – 203 GENERAL OVERVIEWS Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to EVA Physiology, Systems and Perfor- 225 K – 161 Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- mation for the Augustine Committee Re- mance [EPSP] Project – 127 FREQUENCY SHIFT view – 204 Overview of the Altair Lunar Lander Ther- Differential temperature sensor system mal Control System Design – 195 and method – 70 GALACTIC STRUCTURE SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- GENES FRESH WATER port – 191 Regulation of Methane Genes and Ge- Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- GALAXIES nome Expression. (July 1987-March phytes – 85 Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A 2009.) – 100 FRICTION STIR WELDING Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and GENETICS Development of Weld Inspection of the Ejection – 193 Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper GALILEO SPACECRAFT TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Stage – 28 Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- FUEL CELLS Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) ways – 126 Quadrangle – 103 Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced GENOME Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 GALLIUM ARSENIDE LASERS Regulation of Methane Genes and Ge- Modeling of Laser Cladding with Applica- High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- nome Expression. (July 1987-March tion to Fuel Cell Manufacturing – 33 Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 2009.) – 100

A-19 GEOCHRONOLOGY Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Geologic Mapping – 109 ance in GPS – 144 Planum, Mars – 103 GEOLOGY Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS Book Review Geostatistical Analysis of New L2C Signal – 63 156 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - Compositional Data – GOVERNMENTS 2009 – 108 Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- The Comprehensive National Cyberse- GEOLOGICAL FAULTS lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 curity Initiative – 151 and -25007 – 104 Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V- Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- 57) Quadrangle, Venus – 108 Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia ment Framework for Government Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS Agency Contract Requirements – 179 ond Year Results and Third Year Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Plan – 106 GRANITE etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, Quantification of Rock Damage from TX, 2009 – 102 Preliminary Geological Map of the For- Small Explosions and Its Effect on tuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Ve- Shear-Wave Generation – 114 Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- nus – 107 tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE Tectonic and Volcanic History of the GEOMAGNETISM Observed Coupling Between the Interna- MRDAP User/Developer Documenta- North Polar Region of Venus – 109 170 tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a tion – Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the Overview and Software Architecture of Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and Geomagnetic Field – 24 the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Nili Fossae, Mars – 104 26 GEOMETRY Optimization System – Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Moduli Spaces of Zero-Dimensional Overview of the Graphical User Interface Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based 103 Geometric Objects – 137 Mars – Risk Model) – 143 Geologic Mapping of Athabasca GEOMORPHOLOGY Valles – 105 Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South GRAPHITE Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- Polymerization method for formation of Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- Basin – 110 taining polymer – 37 tem – 106 Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- GRASSLANDS Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Destructive Examination of Shipping Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Package 9975-02028 – 99 Vallis Region, Mars – 110 Work Plan – 111 GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- GEOPHYSICS C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fos- tions – 128 Progress Report – 104 sae Formation on Mars and the Northern Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Lowland Plains of Venus – 105 Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Simulators – 201 Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – 112 tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS Basin – 110 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - 2009 – 107 A New Representative for Small-Body Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fos- Gravity Estimation – 196 sae Formation on Mars and the Northern GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS Lowland Plains of Venus – 105 Meteorological Satellite Center Technical GRAVITATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- tions – 128 gion of Mars – 107 Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 GRAVITATIONAL WAVES Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 GERMANIUM The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- tory, Status, Prospects – 194 lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 and -25007 – 104 GRAVITATION GLACIERS A New Representative for Small-Body Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map Gravity Estimation – 196 basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: Mars: Project Introduction and First Year 1947-2009 – 124 Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- Work Plan – 111 ping along the Coprates Rise – 110 Long-Duration Drought Variability and Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case GRAVITY GRADIOMETERS Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- Gravity Gradiometry and Map Matching: Quadrangle – 102 tana USA – 117 An Aid to Aircraft Inertial Navigation Sys- Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia GLASS tems – 9 Planum, Mars – 103 Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and GRAVITY WAVES Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- ping along the Coprates Rise – 110 Glass – 120 tory, Status, Prospects – 194 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM GREENHOUSE EFFECT 2009 – 107 Aiding GPS With Additional Satellite Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Navigation Services – 102 Regional Regression Equations for Esti- Emission Reductions: Comparative Role mation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in GPS and Relativity: An Engineering for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Colorado – 156 Overview – 9 Forestry – 94

A-20 Energy Market and Economic Impacts of HABITATS Observed Coupling Between the Interna- a Proposal to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a Intensity with a Cap and Trade Sys- the Human Exploration of Mars – 20 FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the tem – 93 Geomagnetic Field – 23 Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- man Population of Space and its Impact Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- quency Climate Processes in the Pa- on Survival Probabilities – 131 ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 cific – 119 HALL EFFECT Systematic Review of the Effectiveness GREEN’S FUNCTIONS Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect in n-Doped Bulk of Training and Education for the Protec- Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomo- GaAs – 178 tion of Workers – 134 graphic Inversions Based on 3D Strain The Goose and the Gander – 181 Green Tensor – 159 HALL THRUSTERS GROUND BASED CONTROL Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical HEALTH Hall Thrusters – 65 Proposed Functional Architecture and Anemometer Calibration Procedures. Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric Mine Safety and Health Handbook Se- mon Ground Control Station for Un- Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, ries – 94 manned Aircraft Systems – 10 MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and GROUND OPERATIONAL SUPPORT Mars Cargo Missions – 32 California Parkinson’s Disease Registry SYSTEM Pilot Project - Southern California Ascer- HANDBOOKS 124 MCCx C3I Control Center Interface Emu- tainment – Anemometer Calibration Procedures. lator – 19 Damage Assessment of Structures an Air Mine Safety and Health Handbook Se- Force Office of Scientific Research GROUND STATIONS ries – 94 Proposed Functional Architecture and Structural Mechanics Perspective – 13 Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - 2009 – 107 Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- mon Ground Control Station for Un- rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS) Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Handbook – 85 tural Health Monitoring – 82 Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 HARDNESS Force Health Protection: Nutrition and GROUND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT Using Plasticity Values Determined From Exercise Resource Manual – 128 Systematic Hardness Indentation Mea- Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- surements for Predicting Impact Behav- Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, 21 ior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple print) – Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, Screening Technique – 47 Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid January 2010. Evaluation of Potential (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- HARMONICS Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 pound – 34 Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- GROUND TESTS NSTX – 174 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the HAZARDS pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. Dawn Ground Data System Engineering Evaluation of Potential Exposures during Design, Implementation and Operation of Challenge – 19 Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone facturing Plant – 101 GULF OF MEXICO Hazard Model – 117 Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Proceedings: USA-Mexico Workshop on Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- 2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, the Deepwater Physical Oceanography 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, 122 Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. of the Gulf of Mexico – Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of January 2010. Evaluation of Potential while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Ar- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese rangements – 35 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Evaluation of Potential Exposures during March 2010. Evaluation of Potential the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf facturing Plant – 101 Rooms – 100 of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Hexavalent Chromium – 95 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of 2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. tion Research – 202 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin Data Analysis – 123 while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Ar- Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- man Population of Space and its Impact Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of rangements – 35 on Survival Probabilities – 131 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: CART Analysis of Modeling Episode sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- Days – 123 March 2010. Evaluation of Potential struments to a Laboratory-Based HABITABILITY Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating Method – 89 Rooms – 100 Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- Quality of the International Space Sta- NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- mation for the Augustine Committee Re- tion – 92 tion Research – 202 view – 204

A-21 Summary of the Updated Regulatory Im- HETERODYNING Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable pact Analysis (RIA) for the Reconsidera- Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Displacement Transducers for High Tem- tion of the 2008 Ozone National Air Qual- Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- perature Irradiations in the Advanced ity Standards (NAAQS) – 96 ence – 172 Test Reactor – 66 HEART DISEASES HETEROGENEITY HIGHLANDS Methods for Treating Congestive Heart Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Failure – 126 Detection with Applications to Radars Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and HEART FUNCTION and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 Nili Fossae, Mars – 105 On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for Geologic Mapping Investigations of the on International Space Station – 129 Independently Moving Cameras – 153 Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, HEART Mars – 103 HIGH ASPECT RATIO Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic Geologic Mapping of Athabasca Rhythm Problems During Space- Valles – 105 flight – 128 Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing Section – 2 Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V- HEAT ENGINES 57) Quadrangle, Venus – 108 Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- HIGH ENERGY INTERACTIONS ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 High-Energy Physics Outstanding Junior Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- Investigator Program. Summary Re- lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 HEAT EXCHANGERS port – 164 and -25007 – 104 Development, Fabrication, and Testing of a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Ex- HIGH FREQUENCIES Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- changer for Constellation Space- A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin- crafts – 27 ond Year Results and Third Year Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimen- Plan – 106 HEAT OF SOLUTION tary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 Effect of Solution Saturation State and GHz – 40 HIGHWAYS Temperature on Diopside Dissolu- Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- tion – 43 the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions structive Testing Procedures for Both De- HEAT PIPES and Under Conditions Artificially Per- sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- Thermal Control System for a Small, turbed by HAARP – 113 tion – 80 Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ ence Platform – 29 nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 Power Substation Under Earthquake Loads – 80 HEAT RADIATORS HIGH POWER LASERS Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation HILBERT SPACE Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math for Inverse Compton Scattering- Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar Properties of the Discrete and Continu- Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 Lander – 64 ous Spectrum of Differential Opera- tors – 138 HEAT SHIELDING HIGH RESOLUTION Principal Components Analysis of Re- Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary HISTORIES 190 flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars Science Missions – Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing Exploration Rover Opportunity – 197 Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- the Regional Impact History of the SPA Versatile honeycomb matrix heat tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks – 83 shield – 28 ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 HOMOLOGY Forecasting Lightning Threat Using WRF HEAT STORAGE Cofinality Properties of Categories of Proxy Fields – 115 Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis Chain Complexes – 138 to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray ploration – 52 Telescopes – 173 HONEYCOMB CORES HEATERS Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- HIGH SPEED Design and Implementation of the MSL tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding GPS and Relativity: An Engineering Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Overview – 9 bris – 38 HEAVY IONS Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- structive Testing Procedures for Both De- HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES mation for the Augustine Committee Re- sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- 204 view – tion – 80 tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding HELICOPTERS for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from HIGH STRENGTH ALLOYS bris – 38 the Field – 53 General Corrosion Resistance Compari- Quiet Honeycomb Panels – 36 sons of Medium- and High-Strength Alu- MV-22B Osprey: A Strategic Leap For- minum Alloys for DOD Systems Using Versatile honeycomb matrix heat ward – 10 Laboratory-Based Accelerated Corrosion shield – 28 HELIUM Methods – 45 HOSPITALS Calculation of Damage, He and H Pro- HIGH TEMPERATURE duction Using SPECTER – 33 Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Development of Designer Diamond 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- HEMATITE Technology for High Pressure High Tem- sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, Principal Components Analysis of Re- perature Experiments in Support of March 2010. Evaluation of Potential flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- Stockpile Stewardship Program. Final Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating ration Rover Opportunity – 113 Report – 49 Rooms – 101

A-22 HUMAN BEHAVIOR HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Searching for Donors: Refining an Impu- Social Networking and Constituent Com- Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen tation Strategy – 135 munications: Member Use of Twitter Dur- Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical ing a Two-Month Period in the 111th Materials – 14 ILLUMINANCE Congress, February 3, 2010 – 59 Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- HYDROGEN old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya HUMAN PERFORMANCE Calculation of Damage, He and H Pro- who use LED Lamps – 88 Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity duction Using SPECTER – 33 on Human Performance in Simulated Lu- IMAGE ANALYSIS Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced nar Gravity – 134 Image-based Localization in Urban Envi- Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector ronments – 76 Development of a Hydrogen and Deute- of Fatigue – 154 Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- rium Polarized Gas Target for Application ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km in Storage Rings – 163 Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of System’s Science Approach. Student the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- Guide – 86 gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 HURRICANES IMAGE PROCESSING Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- Predictability – 117 tion – 40 tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and Historic Preservation Response Method- Implicit Physics – 116 Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, Results of ology, Based on the Hurricane Katrina the Phase II Testing of Sulfur-Iodine In- IceT Users’ Guide and Reference – 135 Model – 204 tegrated Lab Scale Experiments, Final IMAGE RESOLUTION HYBRID PROPULSION 39 Report – The Effect of Synthetic Aperture Radar Analysis of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Image Resolution on Target Discrimina- System Designs for Small Unmanned Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. tion – 77 Aircraft Systems – 11 Military – 52 IMAGERY HYDRATION HYDROLOGY Phytometric intelligence sensors – 135 Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver Detection with Applications to Radars HYDRAZINES Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid Special Emphasis on Responses of a (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus IMAGING TECHNIQUES drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- Loading and Water Level – 121 Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Detection with Applications to Radars pound – 34 Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 HYDROCARBON FUELS (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- Improved Phased Array Imaging of a formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Model Jet – 168 Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Photogrammetric system and method and Water Level – 121 sions – 52 used in the characterization of a struc- HYDROCARBONS HYPERSONIC AIRCRAFT ture – 77 Computational Flame Characterization of Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Thermal Neutron Imaging in an Active New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Interrogation Environment – 165 tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- PRINT) – 7 tural Health Monitoring – 82 Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- Conversion Factors for Hydrocarbon HYPERSONIC FLOW ing and Experiment – 173 Emission Components, December 2005, Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for NR-002c – 99 Temperature Measurements in Hyper- IMPACT MELTS Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- sonic Flows – 78 A High Resolution Microprobe Study of ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 HYPOTHESES HYDRODYNAMICS Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing Limit Theorems for Ergodic Group Ac- the Regional Impact History of the SPA Combined Modeling of Acceleration, tions and Random Walks – 136 Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks – 83 ICE CLOUDS in Solar Flares – 202 IMPACT PREDICTION Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar Current Meter Study for Agate, Port Or- Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Stratospheric Clouds at the South chard, and Rich Passages – 73 tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 Pole – 112 HYDROGEN FUELS ICE IMPACT Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 Development, Testing, and Failure Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- IMPEDANCE tion – 40 Particle Size Control for PIV Seeding Measurement and Simulation of the Using Dry Ice – 55 RHIC Abort Kicker Longitudinal Imped- Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and ance – 163 Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. IDENTIFYING Military – 52 Identifying Aliases in Graphs – 159 IMPURITIES Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The Studies of Impurity Assimilation During Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- copy (WIDECARS) – 50 USA Census of Agriculture – 17 D – 176

A-23 IN SITU MEASUREMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Audit of Information Security Program, structive Testing Procedures for Both De- Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Department of Transportation – 184 sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- tion – 80 Studies – 198 Effectiveness of Traveler Information Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to Tools – 62 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay How to Take HRMS Process Manage- Phase-Locked Optical Generation of and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 ment to the Next Level with Workflow mmW/THz Signals – 67 INCENTIVES Business Event System – 144 SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act INFORMATION TRANSFER Loops – 66 CAFE Incentives Policy: Report to Con- Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, INTERFEROMETRY 50 gress – Wireless Platform – 181 A Global Approach to Delta Differential One-Way Range – 25 INCINERATORS INFORMATION Environmental Technology Verification Social Networking and Constituent Com- Instrument Pointing Control System for Program Advanced Monitoring Systems munications: Member Use of Twitter Dur- the Stellar Interferometry Mission - Center: Generic Verification Protocol for ing a Two-Month Period in the 111th Planet Quest – 30 Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors Congress, February 3, 2010 – 59 at a Full-Scale Incinerator – 96 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES INFRARED ASTRONOMY SATELLITE Exhaust Emission Factors for Nonroad INCOHERENT SCATTERING Mid- and Far-Infrared Engine Modeling: Spark-Ignition, De- Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Reflection/Absorption Spectroscopy cember 2005, NR-010e – 79 the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions (IRAS) Studies of NO on Rh Single Crys- Mechanical Model of an Axial Piston Ma- and Under Conditions Artificially Per- tal Surfaces – 41 chine – 78 turbed by HAARP – 113 INFRARED INSTRUMENTS INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INDENTATION Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging CCSDS SM and C Mission Operations Using Plasticity Values Determined From Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Interoperability Prototype – 25 Systematic Hardness Indentation Mea- Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial surements for Predicting Impact Behav- Resolution – 86 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple Aerospace Integration, Not Separa- Screening Technique – 47 INFRARED LASERS tion – 5 High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- The USA Strategic Command: A Cold INDUSTRIAL PLANTS Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at War Icon – 56 INFRARED RADIATION the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imag- Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction INERTIAL NAVIGATION ing Inspection System Project – 71 Gravity Gradiometry and Map Matching: (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- An Aid to Aircraft Inertial Navigation Sys- High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- craft Water Quality – 133 Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 tems – 9 Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – 112 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Quality of the International Space Sta- tion – 92 Environmental Technology Verification INFRARED REFLECTION Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorp- International Space Station Crew Quar- num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- tion Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 97 on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces – 41 Implementation – 167 IN-FLIGHT MONITORING INJECTION Observed Coupling Between the Interna- Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a Rhythm Problems During Space- Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the 23 flight – 128 1 MHz – 68 Geomagnetic Field – Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- INFORMATION ANALYSIS Corrosivity Literature and Data Review for Demineralization Concentrate Man- periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- Million Query Track 2008 Over- agement Studies and Well Completion ings – 129 view – 182 Design – 41 INTERNETS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT INJECTORS IC3 (Internet Crime Complaint Center) Audit of Information Security Program, Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region 2009 Internet Crime Report, January 184 141 Department of Transportation – of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow 1-December 31, 2009 – INFORMATION RETRIEVAL (Postprint) – 54 IC3 (Internet Crime Complaint Center) Internet Crime Report, January Augmenting Latent Dirichlet Allocation INSPECTION and Rank Threshold Detection with On- 1-December 31, 2006 – 140 Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imag- 184 tologies – ing Inspection System Project – 71 INTEROPERABILITY CCSDS SM and C Mission Operations Cellular Class Encoding Approach to In- Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet creasing Efficiency of Nearest Neighbor Interoperability Prototype – 25 Current and Future Composite Over- 60 Searching – wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- INTERPLANETARY FLIGHT COASTIRS (Coastal Information Re- rior Inspection Needs – 83 Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space trieval System) Library Users’ General Searches for New Particles. At- Network – 26 Manual – 183 las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 INTERPOLATION Million Query Track 2008 Over- Large Scale Shearography Inspection of A Parameterization of Positive Real Resi- view – 181 the Space Shuttle External Fuel due Interpolants with McMillan Degree The Goose and the Gander – 181 Tank – 186 Constraint – 138

A-24 Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- IRIDIUM KALMAN FILTERS tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- An Assessment of the Current LEO De- Data Filtering and Control Design for ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 bris Environment and the Need for Active Mobile Robots – 151 Inverse Problems in Analytic Interpola- Debris Removal – 197 Estimating Characteristics of a Maneu- tion for Robust Control and Spectral Es- Development and Testing of High Sur- vering Reentry Vehicle Observed by Mul- timation – 137 face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- tiple Sensors – 65 Source Tilting Within the Difference For- ide Electrolysis – 196 KENYA mulation for Radiation Transport – 160 IRON ALLOYS Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- INTERROGATION Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya Thermal Neutron Imaging in an Active Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys who use LED Lamps – 88 Interrogation Environment – 165 (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- KINETICS ing – 44 INVENTORIES Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the IRRADIATION Calculation of Age Distributions in the TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interac- Nonroad Model: Growth and Scrappage, Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- tions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analy- 126 December 2005, NR-007c – 100 ways – sis – 175 Photoneutron Effects on Pulse Reactor Emissions Inventory Report Summary for Kinetics for the Annular Core Research Los Alamos National Laboratory for Cal- Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable Reactor (ACRR) – 169 endar Year 2008 – 91 Displacement Transducers for High Tem- perature Irradiations in the Advanced KITS Geographic Allocation of Nonroad En- Test Reactor – 66 gine Population Data to the State and Verification of KAM Theory on Earth Or- Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for County Level, December 2005, NR- biting Satellites – 185 Fusion Application – 46 014d – 93 LAB-ON-A-CHIP DEVICES Nonroad Engine Population Estimates, ISOTOPE RATIOS Cytometer on a chip – 125 An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for December 2005, NR-006d – 93 LAKES GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- its Parent Body – 200 Comprehensive Solar Energy Power ment Framework for Government System for the Turkey Lake Service Agency Contract Requirements – 180 ISOTOPE SEPARATION Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility Uncertainty Quantification of Multi- Study – 87 INVERSE SCATTERING Component Isotope-Separation Cascade Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Model – 157 for Inverse Compton Scattering- Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 ITALY and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 Scientific Cooperation Between Italy Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver INVERSIONS (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomo- Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Special Emphasis on Responses of a graphic Inversions Based on 3D Strain Health Concern – 98 Green Tensor – 159 Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus ITERATIVE SOLUTION Loading and Water Level – 121 IODINE Journal of Research of the National Insti- Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, Results of tute of Standards and Technology, (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- the Phase II Testing of Sulfur-Iodine In- January-February 2010, Volume 115, sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- tegrated Lab Scale Experiments, Final No. 1 – 139 sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Report – 39 JET AIRCRAFT NOISE Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading ION BEAMS Improved Phased Array Imaging of a and Water Level – 121 Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interac- Model Jet – 168 LAMB WAVES tions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analy- JET ENGINE FUELS Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- sis – 175 Computational Analysis of Dynamic posites for Space Applications Using Pi- ION ENGINES SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 37 Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric Performance – 51 LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, Effects of Operating Jet Fuels Below the Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and Specification Freeze Point Temperature Temperature Observations into Land Mars Cargo Missions – 32 Limit – 14 Surface Models – 115 ION PROPULSION Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and LANDFORMS Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, Military – 52 Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and Mars – 103 Mars Cargo Missions – 32 JETTISON SYSTEMS Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- IONIZATION Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical Background-Oriented Schlieren – 4 Progress Report – 104 Hall Thrusters – 65 JETTISONING Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia IONIZING RADIATION Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using ond Year Results and Third Year Track Structure and Calculation of Dose Background-Oriented Schlieren – 4 Plan – 106 Deposition in Nanovolumes – 204 JP-8 JET FUEL Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Half Way Done – 106 IO Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- Geologic Mapping – 109 Military – 52 ping along the Coprates Rise – 110

A-25 LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION LEADERSHIP LIGHT EMITTING DIODES Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in Aerospace Integration, Not Separa- Light-Emitting Diode Taxiway Edge Light the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 tion – 5 Photometric Evaluation – 8 LARGE SPACE STRUCTURES LENSES LIGHT SOURCES A Study of Near to Far Fields of JPL Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Design of a New Optical System for Deep Space Network (DSN) Antennas Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Di- for RFI Analysis – 63 from the Third Data Release Quasar agnostic – 172 Lens Catalog – 195 LASER APPLICATIONS Photoreceptor System for Melatonin Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron LESIONS Regulation and Phototherapy – 76 Detector – 161 Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation LIGHT (VISIBLE RADIATION) Track Structure and Calculation of Dose LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- Deposition in Nanovolumes – 204 Collisional Quenching of No ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate A2sigma+(nu’= 0) Between 125 and 294 LESSONS LEARNED (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the (Postprint) – 54 Achieving Operability via the Mission Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- System Paradigm – 146 graph – 189 LASER OUTPUTS Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Communications Middleware for Tactical LIGHTNING Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Environments: Observations, Experi- Forecasting Lightning Threat Using WRF 225 K – 162 ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 Proxy Fields – 115 LASERS Robotic Range Clearance Competition LINEAR PROGRAMMING LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 (R2C2) Lessons Learned – 152 The UAV Continuous Coverage Prob- Modeling of Laser Cladding with Applica- Using a Computer Game for Research lem – 12 tion to Fuel Cell Manufacturing – 33 on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- LINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS sons Learned from A NATO Experi- Meromorphic Solutions of Difference LAUNCH COSTS ment – 130 Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Or- Painleve Equations – 141 Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- bit from a Tethered Balloon – 22 ment Framework for Government LINGUISTICS LAUNCH VEHICLES Agency Contract Requirements – 180 Automated Tool and Method for System Safety Analysis: 2009 Progress Re- Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a LEVITATION Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- port – 7 Examining the Uppermost Surface of the print) – 21 Moon – 199 LIQUEFACTION CFD Analysis of Experimental Wing and Post-Cyclic Behavior of Low Plasticity LIBRARIES Winglet for FalconLAUNCH 8 and the Silt Under Full and Limited Liquefaction ExFIT Program – 11 COASTIRS (Coastal Information Re- Using Triaxial Compression Testing. Fi- trieval System) Library Users’ nal – 83 Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Manual – 183 rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. LITHOLOGY Improving Timeliness and Reliability of Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- A High Resolution Microprobe Study of Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- Minimized Structural Design and Assess- EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles ronments with Mockets Communications (RLVs) – 4 Library – 150 LITHOSPHERE Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Past to Present: JPL Library, Archives and Records – 184 ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using System’s Science Approach. Student Background-Oriented Schlieren – 3 LIFE CYCLE COSTS Guide – 87 Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- LAUNCHING LOAD TESTS An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X – 20 ment Framework for Government Agency Contract Requirements – 180 Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of ing Results from COPV Accelerated the Human Exploration of Mars – 19 LIFE (DURABILITY) Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White Performance and Safety Tests of Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 LAVA Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Design Configuration – 66 Planum, Mars – 103 Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global tion in the Software Life Cycle – 147 LOADS (FORCES) Geologic Mapping – 109 Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS with Double Composite Action – 82 LAW (JURISPRUDENCE) Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Chair’s Report Trans-Pacific Symposium opment: Early Results from the Explora- Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at on Dismantling Transnational Illicit Net- tion Life Support Distillation Technology Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 works. Honolulu, Hawaii, November Comparison Test – 131 Solving the Pallet Loading Prob- 9-12, 2009 – 59 Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental lem – 157 Coast Zone Management Study Stage Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ II – 182 Status – 28 Power Substation Under Earthquake Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues, Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Loads – 80 February 1, 2010 – 20 Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of LOCKING the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 LAWS Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Federal Information Security and Data Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Breach Notification Laws, January 28, Study Based on a High-Mobility Explora- Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- 2010 – 139 tion Scenario – 200 tural Health Monitoring – 82

A-26 LOCOMOTIVES LUNAR BASES Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South 21st Century Locomotive Technology: Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- Quarterly Technical Status Report Study Based on a High-Mobility Explora- tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger 26 – 71 tion Scenario – 200 Basin – 110 LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT LUNAR COMPOSITION Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Examining the Uppermost Surface of the Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Logistics: Supply Based or Distribution Quadrangle – 102 Based? – 157 Lunar Regolith – 200 LUNAR ENVIRONMENT Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture LOGISTICS Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis Study Based on a High-Mobility Explora- Logistics: Supply Based or Distribution to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- tion Scenario – 200 Based? – 157 ploration – 52 Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary ment Framework for Government Simulators – 201 Studies – 198 Agency Contract Requirements – 179 LUNAR EXPLORATION NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- gram – 200 LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Rhythm Problems During Space- ploration – 52 Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- flight – 128 Lunar Daylight Exploration – 198 port System – 133 LOSSES Robotic Lunar Lander Development Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing National Transportation Safety Board Air- Project Status – 29 the Regional Impact History of the SPA craft Accident Report: Loss of Control on Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks – 83 LUNAR GRAVITATION Approach, Colgan Air, Inc., Operating as Robotic Lunar Lander Development Continental Connection Flight 3407, Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity Project Status – 29 Bombardier DHC-8-400, N200WQ, Near on Human Performance in Simulated Lu- Clarence Center, New York, on February nar Gravity – 134 Thermal Control System for a Small, 12, 2009 – 3 Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- LUNAR LANDING MODULES ence Platform – 29 LOW COST Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Or- Exploration – 196 MACH NUMBER bit from a Tethered Balloon – 22 LUNAR MAPS Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- LOW EARTH ORBITS Section – 2 etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, An Assessment of the Current LEO De- TX, 2009 – 102 MACHINE LEARNING bris Environment and the Need for Active Debris Removal – 197 Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Automata learning algorithms and pro- Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- cesses for providing more complete sys- Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Or- tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger tems requirements specification by sce- bit from a Tethered Balloon – 22 Basin – 110 nario generation, CSP-based syntax- oriented model construction, and R2D2C Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size system requirements transforma- Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) tion – 145 Regimes – 22 Quadrangle – 102 MAGNESIUM Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar LUNAR ORBITER Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate LOW FREQUENCIES (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- LUNAR ROCKS Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- quency Climate Processes in the Pa- Development and Testing of High Sur- graph – 189 cific – 119 face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- MAGNETIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS ide Electrolysis – 196 LOW NOISE Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Examining the Uppermost Surface of the Reversed Configuration Geometry by Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Lunar Regolith – 200 Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Tracking System – 25 NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- MAGNETIC FIELD RECONNECTION gram – 200 LOW VOLTAGE Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- A Few Examples of Spacecraft Anoma- Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen netic Reconnection – 174 lies Attributed to Transient Voltages and Generation – 31 Currents Issues – 30 MAGNETIC FIELDS Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz 197 LUMINAIRES Simulants – Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- LUNAR SOIL 225 K – 162 old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya Examining the Uppermost Surface of the MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC WAVES who use LED Lamps – 88 200 Lunar Regolith – Observed Coupling Between the Interna- LUMINOSITY LUNAR SURFACE tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a Luminosity Issues in 2009 100 GeV Po- Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the larized Proton Run – 166 to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- Geomagnetic Field – 24 ploration – 52 Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- Examining the Uppermost Surface of the Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- ity – 192 Moon – 199 netic Reconnection – 174

A-27 MAGNETOPLASMADYNAMIC THRUST- Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture MARKET RESEARCH ERS Study Based on a High-Mobility Explora- Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric tion Scenario – 200 hicles with Charge Control Technology in Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, Overview of the Altair Lunar Lander Ther- the Xcel Energy Territory – 65 MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and mal Control System Design – 195 Mars Cargo Missions – 32 MARS 1 SPACECRAFT MANUALS Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and MAGNETS Idiot’s Guide to the Statistical Theory of the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- Measurement and Simulation of the Fission Chains – 163 tem – 106 RHIC Abort Kicker Longitudinal Imped- ance – 163 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of MARS ATMOSPHERE Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- MAINTENANCE the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: GRAM – 111 Maintenance and Repair of Natural User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air MARS CRATERS Stone. Heron: Volume 54, No. 4 Special Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 Issue – 81 Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, Security at Aircraft Repair Stations – 13 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for TX, 2009 – 102 MANAGEMENT PLANNING the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Next Generation Air Transportation Sys- Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, 123 tem: Challenges with Partner Agency of Mexico Air Quality Database – Mars – 103 and FAA Coordination Continue, and Ef- MANUFACTURING forts to Integrate Near-, Mid-, and Long- Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Term Activities are Ongoing – 8 Tooting – 105 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. MARS EXPLORATION ment Framework for Government Evaluation of Potential Exposures during Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- Agency Contract Requirements – 179 Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- gion of Mars – 107 MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS facturing Plant – 101 NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- Enabling Distributed Management for Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- tion Research – 202 Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, Principal Components Analysis of Re- Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin Operations Enterprise Supply ration Rover Opportunity – 112 while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Ar- Chain – 132 rangements – 35 Principal Components Analysis of Re- MANAGEMENT flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars Modeling of Laser Cladding with Applica- Exploration Rover Opportunity – 196 Past to Present: JPL Library, Archives tion to Fuel Cell Manufacturing – 33 and Records – 184 MARS GLOBAL SURVEYOR SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight Operations Enterprise Supply Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About 106 Operations Enterprise Supply Chain – 132 Half Way Done – Chain – 132 Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- MAPPING MANEUVERABLE REENTRY BODIES GRAM – 111 Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- Estimating Characteristics of a Maneu- tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- vering Reentry Vehicle Observed by Mul- Tectonic and Volcanic History of the gion of Mars – 103 tiple Sensors – 65 North Polar Region of Venus – 109 MARS LANDING MANGANESE COMPOUNDS Geologic Mapping of Athabasca The Challenge of Mars EDL (Entry, De- Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Valles – 105 scent, and Landing) – 201 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- MARS MISSIONS January 2010. Evaluation of Potential Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese Progress Report – 104 the Human Exploration of Mars – 20 Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- Design and Implementation of the MSL MANGANESE OXIDES gion of Mars – 107 Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- The Challenge of Mars EDL (Entry, De- 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 scent, and Landing) – 201 Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, and -25007 – 104 MARS RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER January 2010. Evaluation of Potential Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese Geologic Mapping – 109 A Global Approach to Delta Differential Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 One-Way Range – 25 MARINE BIOLOGY MANIFOLDS (MATHEMATICS) MARS SURFACE Science and Technology Review Sep- Cofinality Properties of Categories of tember 2009 – 162 A High Resolution Microprobe Study of Chain Complexes – 138 EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 MARINE METEOROLOGY Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Body Problem and Space Mission De- NOAA’s Education Program: Review and Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and sign – 139 Critique – 18 Nili Fossae, Mars – 104 MANNED SPACE FLIGHT MARINE RESOURCES Geologic Mapping of Athabasca EVA Physiology, Systems and Perfor- Coast Zone Management Study Stage Valles – 105 mance [EPSP] Project – 127 II – 182 Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space NOAA’s Education Program: Review and the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- Network – 26 Critique – 18 tem – 106

A-28 Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, Importance Sampling and Dependence METAL CLUSTERS -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Modeling – 155 Electronic Structure of Transition Metal 110 Vallis Region, Mars – Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional Clusters, Actinide Complexes and Their Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fos- Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- Reactivities – 43 sae Formation on Mars and the Northern ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in METAL IONS Lowland Plains of Venus – 105 the Unsaturated Zone – 140 Performance and Safety Tests of Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix gion of Mars – 107 TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Design Conﬁguration – 66 Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 ways – 126 METEORITE PARENT BODIES and -25007 – 104 Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for Power Substation Under Earthquake GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- its Parent Body – 200 basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Loads – 80 Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering METEORITIC COMPOSITION Work Plan – 111 Development Unit Test Results – 73 An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia The UAV Continuous Coverage Prob- GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- lem – 12 its Parent Body – 200 ond Year Results and Third Year Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS Plan – 106 Uniﬁed System for Trajectory Design and Monthly Report of the Meteorological Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Optimization – 29 Satellite Center: December 2009 – 118 Planum, Mars – 103 V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Range of Standard Model Accretion Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Half Way Done – 106 Disks – 189 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- MATRICES (MATHEMATICS) User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air ping along the Coprates Rise – 110 Interlaced Particles in Tilings and Ran- Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- dom Matrices – 138 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of GRAM – 111 MAXIMUM PRINCIPLE Meteorological and Air Quality Data for New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Contributions to the Stochastic Maximum the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: gion of Mars – 103 Principle – 137 Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 MASS SPECTRA Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a crete Maximum Principle – 153 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Range of Standard Model Accretion Meteorological and Air Quality Data for MAXWELL EQUATION Disks – 189 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: Numerical Integration of Damped Max- Data Analysis – 123 MASSIVELY PARALLEL PROCESSORS well Equations – 167 Improving the Parallel Performance of a Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Domain Decomposition Preconditioning MEASURE AND INTEGRATION Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Technique in the Jacobi-Davidson Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: Method for Large Scale Eigenvalue cisions – 187 CART Analysis of Modeling Episode Days – 123 Problems – 142 Numerical Integration of Damped Max- MATERIALS HANDLING well Equations – 167 METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES Environmental Assessment: Proposed MEASUREMENT Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Seat and Canopy Staging Building, Hill Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 Air Force Base, Utah – 6 Characterization and Measurement Ac- Monthly Report of the Meteorological MATHEMATICAL MODELS curacy – 77 Satellite Center: December 2009 – 118 Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Sys- tems – 142 MECHANICAL DRIVES METEOROLOGY Control system for bearingless motor- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Combined Modeling of Acceleration, generator – 70 Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response Meteorological and Air Quality Data for in Solar Flares – 201 MECHANICAL ENGINEERING the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: Mechanical Model of an Axial Piston Ma- User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 Measurement of Wire-to-Wire chine – 79 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Crosstalk – 68 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Development of Design Parameters for Cytometer on a chip – 125 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Mass Concrete Using Finite Element MELATONIN Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf Analysis – 49 123 Photoreceptor System for Melatonin of Mexico Air Quality Database – Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level Regulation and Phototherapy – 76 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar MEMBRANES the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: Lander – 64 Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Data Analysis – 123 Evaluating the Asymptotic Limits of the Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Delete-a-Group Jackknife for Model tion – 40 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Analyses – 154 MESOSCALE PHENOMENA the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane CART Analysis of Modeling Episode gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 Predictability – 117 Days – 123

A-29 METHANE Lessons From Army System Develop- MODELS Regulation of Methane Genes and Ge- ments. Volume 2: Case Studies – 12 Design, Implementation and Operation of nome Expression. (July 1987-March Strategic Communication Science and a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone 2009.) – 100 Technology Plan: Current Activities, Ca- Hazard Model – 117 METROLOGY pability Gaps and Areas for Further In- Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray vestment – 62 tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 Telescopes – 173 MILITARY PERSONNEL Mechanical Model of an Axial Piston Ma- MICHELSON INTERFEROMETERS TARDEC Robotics – 150 chine – 78 SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- MILITARY TECHNOLOGY Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- port – 191 Multi-Objective Constraint Satisfaction tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Regimes – 22 MICROCHANNELS for Mobile Robot Area Defense – 151 Development, Fabrication, and Testing of Using a Computer Game for Research MODIS (RADIOMETRY) a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Ex- on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging changer for Constellation Space- sons Learned from A NATO Experi- Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS crafts – 27 ment – 130 Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial MICROCRACKS MILLIMETER WAVES Resolution – 86 Anisotropic Effective Moduli of Microc- Phase-Locked Optical Generation of MODULATION rack Damaged Media – 178 mmW/THz Signals – 67 Anisotropic Effective Moduli of Microc- MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYS- MINERALS rack Damaged Media – 178 TEMS Interfacial Phenomena: Linking Atomistic MODULATORS Development and Application of Distrib- and Macroscopic Properties: Theoretical Differential temperature sensor system uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for and Experimental Studies of the Struc- and method – 70 AUV Object Avoidance – 25 ture and Reactivity of Mineral Sur- MOLECULES Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- faces – 164 bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 77 Phytometric intelligence sensors – 134 Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- MICROELECTRONICS MINIATURIZATION bunching – 167 Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 Design and Demonstration of a Miniature Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation Lidar System for Rover Applica- MICROGRAVITY Track Structure and Calculation of Dose tions – 58 C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- Deposition in Nanovolumes – 203 Miniaturized Environmental Scanning tions – 128 MOLTEN SALT ELECTROLYTES Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Studies – 198 Development and Testing of High Sur- Simulators – 201 face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- MISSION PLANNING On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography ide Electrolysis – 196 on International Space Station – 129 Achieving Operability via the Mission System Paradigm – 146 MOLTEN SALTS MICROINSTRUMENTATION Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Al- Aquarius Reflector Surface Temperature ternative Salt Transfer Method for the Performance Evaluation Modeling of Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 Network Sensors – 158 Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future Oak Ridge National Laboratory – 42 MICROMACHINING Earth Sciences Missions – 84 Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 MOLYBDENUM Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and MICROMETEOROIDS cisions – 187 Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste Orbital Debris: Quarterly News, Volume Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- Glass – 120 14, Issue 2 – 23 Body Problem and Space Mission De- MOMENTUM TRANSFER MICROORGANISMS sign – 139 Charging Effects on Fluid Stream Drop- Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction Overview and Software Architecture of lets for Momentum Exchange Between (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Spacecraft – 17 craft Water Quality – 133 Optimization System – 26 MOMENTUM Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- Quality of the International Space Sta- port – 191 Charging Effects on Fluid Stream Drop- tion – 92 lets for Momentum Exchange Between Simulation and Application of GPOPS for Spacecraft – 17 Infectious Disease Risk Associated with a Trajectory Optimization and Mission Space Flight – 126 Planning Tool – 145 MONITORS Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- Development of a COTS Radioxenon Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sedi- ment Framework for Government Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- ments – 43 Agency Contract Requirements – 180 tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 171 Environmental Technology Verification MIGRATION MOBILITY Program Advanced Monitoring Systems Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional Results and Analysis from Space Suit Center: Generic Verification Protocol for Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- Joint Torque Testing – 23 Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in at a Full-Scale Incinerator – 96 the Unsaturated Zone – 140 MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CON- TROL Environmental Technology Verification MILITARY OPERATIONS Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- AN-CASE NET-CENTRIC Modeling and timal Control Modification on an F-18 num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- Simulation – 158 Aircraft Model – 16 munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96

A-30 Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector NANOSTRUCTURE GROWTH Obstacle Detection using a TOF Range of Fatigue – 154 Growth method for chalcongenide Camera for Indoor AGV Navigation – 76 phase-change nanostructures – 34 MONOMETHYLHYDRAZINES NAVY Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid NANOSTRUCTURES (DEVICES) Computer Network Defense Road- (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of map – 149 drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum pound – 34 and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on Cost-Effective Strategy for Surface Navy Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Systems Integration and Test Engineer- MONTE CARLO METHOD ing – 55 NANOTECHNOLOGY Importance Sampling and Dependence Critical Infrastructure Protection Pro- 155 Growth method for chalcongenide Modeling – gram: Strategy for 2009 and Be- phase-change nanostructures – 34 Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- yond – 148 GRAM – 111 NASA PROGRAMS Strategic Vision for Spectrum – 160 Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation Fostering Visions for the Future: A Re- Track Structure and Calculation of Dose view of the NASA Institute for Advanced NEAR FIELDS Deposition in Nanovolumes – 203 Concepts – 180 A Study of Near to Far Fields of JPL Deep Space Network (DSN) Antennas MOON Orbital Debris: Quarterly News, Volume 14, Issue 2 – 23 for RFI Analysis – 63 Progress on Enabling Unprecedented Payloads for Space in the 21st Cen- Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Man- NEGATIVE FEEDBACK tury – 186 agement Research Test and Integration Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Op- TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and portunities – 11 Exploration – 196 Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- Working at NASA – 194 ways – 126 MORTALITY Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the NEODYMIUM LASERS Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- Dawn Ground Data System Engineering Design and Demonstration of a Miniature mation for the Augustine Committee Re- Challenge – 18 view – 204 Lidar System for Rover Applica- NASA SPACE PROGRAMS tions – 58 MULTIPHASE FLOW GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Or- NETWORK CONTROL Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional ganization – 5 Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in Progress on Enabling Unprecedented Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based the Unsaturated Zone – 140 Payloads for Space in the 21st Cen- Robotic Control System – 152 tury – 185 TARDEC Robotics – 150 MULTIPLE ACCESS The Evolution of the Rendezvous Profile Performance Evaluation Modeling of During the Space Shuttle Pro- NEUROPHYSIOLOGY Network Sensors – 158 gram – 186 Photoreceptor System for Melatonin Regulation and Phototherapy – 76 MULTIPLEXING Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 ment Framework for Government NEUTRINOS Agency Contract Requirements – 179 Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 and Optimal Designs – 60 Concept of Operations for the Next Gen- NEUTRON COUNTERS eration Air Transportation System. Ver- New Bounds on the Total-Squared- Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron sion 3.0 – 7 Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets Detector – 161 and Optimal Designs – 61 NATIONAL AVIATION SYSTEM NEUTRON CROSS SECTIONS MULTIPLIERS Concept of Operations for the Next Gen- eration Air Transportation System. Ver- Nuclear Astrophysics and Neutron Cross SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple sion 3.0 – 7 Section Measurements. Final Report. Fractional-N PLL – 143 January 1, 2006-July 31, 2008 – 190 NATIONAL PARKS MULTISENSOR FUSION Long-Duration Drought Variability and NEUTRON STARS Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case New Observations of the Crab Nebula Independently Moving Cameras – 153 Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- and Pulsar – 188 tana USA – 117 MULTISTAGE ROCKET VEHICLES NIGHT Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- NAVIGATION AIDS Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- crete Maximum Principle – 153 Gravity Gradiometry and Map Matching: old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya MUSCLES An Aid to Aircraft Inertial Navigation Sys- who use LED Lamps – 88 tems – 9 Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal NIOBATES Exercise Fixture with Weight NAVIGATION SATELLITES Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- Stack – 125 Aiding GPS With Additional Satellite ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate NANOCOMPOSITES Navigation Services – 102 (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Development of a Remotely Operated Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Polymer Matrices – 48 Autonomous Satellite Tracking Sys- graph – 189 tem – 20 NANOSTRUCTURE (CHARACTERIS- NITRIC OXIDE TICS) NAVIGATION Collisional Quenching of No Growth method for chalcongenide Aiding GPS With Additional Satellite A2sigma+(nu’= 0) Between 125 and 294 phase-change nanostructures – 34 Navigation Services – 102 (Postprint) – 54

A-31 NITROGEN NUCLEAR ELECTRIC PROPULSION OILS Development of Designer Diamond Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders Technology for High Pressure High Tem- Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, and Pollution Reduction Technolo- perature Experiments in Support of MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and gies – 35 Stockpile Stewardship Program. Final Mars Cargo Missions – 32 OPERATING TEMPERATURE Report – 49 NUCLEAR ENERGY Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- NOISE REDUCTION Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 Workplace Solutions: Reducing Expo- the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor sure to Lead and Noise at Indoor Firing (PBMR) – 170 OPERATORS (MATHEMATICS) Ranges – 100 Properties of the Discrete and Continu- NUCLEAR FUELS ous Spectrum of Differential Opera- NOISE (SOUND) Design of Radiation-Tolerant Structural tors – 138 Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- Systems – 47 OPTICAL COUNTERMEASURES sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 March 2010. Evaluation of Potential the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating (PBMR) – 170 Infrared Countermeasures Test and Rooms – 101 Evaluation – 53 NUCLEAR FUSION NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTS Nuclear Astrophysics and Neutron Cross OPTICAL DENSITY Composite Stress Rupture NDE Re- Section Measurements. Final Report. LOCO with a Shipboard Lidar – 75 search and Development Project (Kev- January 1, 2006-July 31, 2008 – 190 lar[R] and Carbon) – 82 OPTICAL EQUIPMENT NUCLEAR REACTORS Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- Damage Assessment of Structures an Air Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Force Office of Scientific Research the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO Structural Mechanics Perspective – 13 (PBMR) – 170 CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- NUMBER THEORY tion – 27 posites for Space Applications Using Pi- ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Problems in Number Theory Related to OPTICAL MEASUREMENT Mathematical Physics – 137 Instrument Pointing Control System for Development of Weld Inspection of the NUMERICAL ANALYSIS the Stellar Interferometry Mission - Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper Planet Quest – 30 Stage – 28 Solution to Monthly Problem 11410 – 135 OPTICAL POLARIZATION NDA Batch Data Report 2007-17 – 202 NUMERICAL INTEGRATION New Observations of the Crab Nebula Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- Numerical Integration of Damped Max- and Pulsar – 188 ing Results from COPV Accelerated well Equations – 167 Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White OPTICAL PROPERTIES Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 NUMERICAL WEATHER FORECASTING Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for Meteorological Satellite Center Technical ogy – 179 the Ares I Common Bulkhead – 27 Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 OPTICAL RADAR NONINTRUSIVE MEASUREMENT NUTRITION Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Force Health Protection: Nutrition and Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Exercise Resource Manual – 128 Stratospheric Clouds at the South Pole – 112 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 37 Peak Performance Through Nutrition and Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced Exercise – 128 Design and Demonstration of a Miniature Lidar System for Rover Applica- Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- O RING SEALS 50 tions – 58 copy (WIDECARS) – Lifetime Predictions for Model 9975 LOCO with a Shipboard Lidar – 75 NONLINEAR EQUATIONS O-Rings in KAMS – 33 Meromorphic Solutions of Difference OCCULTATION OPTICAL RESONATORS Painleve Equations – 141 All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Differential temperature sensor system NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZA- with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- and method – 70 188 TION (NATO) tor – OPTICAL THICKNESS Using a Computer Game for Research OCEAN DYNAMICS Distribution and Radiative Forcing of on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- Proceedings: USA-Mexico Workshop on Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 sons Learned from A NATO Experi- the Deepwater Physical Oceanography Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- ment – 130 122 of the Gulf of Mexico – spheric Aerosols – 192 NOVAE OCEANOGRAPHY OPTIMAL CONTROL V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Proceedings: USA-Mexico Workshop on Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- Range of Standard Model Accretion the Deepwater Physical Oceanography Disks – 189 of the Gulf of Mexico – 122 timal Control Modification on an F-18 Aircraft Model – 16 NOZZLE DESIGN OCEANS OPTIMIZATION Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and NUCLEAR ASTROPHYSICS Model Reanalysis Products – 118 Numerical Investigation of Pre-Detonator Geometries for PDE Applications – 153 Nuclear Astrophysics and Neutron Cross Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- Section Measurements. Final Report. quency Climate Processes in the Pa- Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- January 1, 2006-July 31, 2008 – 190 cific – 119 crete Maximum Principle – 153

A-32 Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- Summary of the Updated Regulatory Im- PARAMETERIZATION man Population of Space and its Impact pact Analysis (RIA) for the Reconsidera- A Parameterization of Positive Real Resi- on Survival Probabilities – 185 tion of the 2008 Ozone National Air Qual- due Interpolants with McMillan Degree OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES ity Standards (NAAQS) – 96 Constraint – 138 Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz PACKAGING Structural Identifiability of Polynomial Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Destructive Examination of Shipping and Rational Systems – 152 225 K – 162 Package 9975-02028 – 99 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS ORBIT CALCULATION First Status Report: Testing of Aged Soft- Iterated Radau Method for Time- Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and wood Fiberboard Material for the 9975 Dependent PDE’s – 75 SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and Shipping Package – 47 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS 2009 – 191 Over Batch Analysis for the LLNL DOE- High-Energy Physics Outstanding Junior ORBITAL ELEMENTS STD-3013 Packaging System – 79 Investigator Program. Summary Re- Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and PAINT REMOVAL port – 164 SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials 2009 – 191 Rensselaer Component of the Terascale and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Ef- Simulation Tools and Technologies. Final ORBITAL MANEUVERS fects of Several Paint Removal Technolo- Report – 179 Orbit Maneuver for Responsive Cover- gies on the Static and Fatigue Properties age Using Electric Propulsion – 26 of Thin Aerospace Structural Materi- States of the Vacuum: Summary of DE- als – 35 FG02-04ER46113 – 166 ORBITAL MECHANICS Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and PAINTS PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials Particle Size Control for PIV Seeding 2009 – 191 and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Ef- Using Dry Ice – 55 fects of Several Paint Removal Technolo- ORBITS PARTICLE INTERACTIONS gies on the Static and Fatigue Properties Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and of Thin Aerospace Structural Materi- Observed Coupling Between the Interna- SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and als – 35 tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a 2009 – 191 FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the PAKISTAN ORCHARDS Geomagnetic Field – 24 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Indus- Current Meter Study for Agate, Port Or- trial Research Vol. 52, No. 6, November- PARTICLE MOTION chard, and Rich Passages – 73 December, 2009 – 34 Gyrokinetic Electron and Fully Kinetic Ion ORGANIZATIONS Particle Simulation of Collisionless PALEONTOLOGY Plasma Dynamics – 176 Corporate Average Fuel Economy Stan- Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- dards for MY 2005-2007 Light Trucks. tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for PARTICLES 91 Final Economic Assessment – Tectonic and Volcanic History of the General Searches for New Particles. At- Science and Technology Review Sep- North Polar Region of Venus – 109 las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 160 tember 2009 – 162 Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 PARTICULATES OSCILLATIONS Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- Particle and Blood Cell Dynamics in Os- (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 cillatory Flows. Final Report – 72 Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 Program Review. Report of the Subcom- quency Climate Processes in the Pa- and -25007 – 104 mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone cific – 119 Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Research – 97 OSCILLATOR STRENGTHS Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum- Quadrangle – 102 Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal PANELS Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final Design – 173 Report: Project Performance and Eco- Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling nomics – 93 OXIDATION Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil PATHOGENS coating system using same – 37 Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June Infectious Disease Risk Associated with OXIDES 2009 – 89 Space Flight – 126 Polymerization method for formation of PARALLEL COMPUTERS PAVEMENTS thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- Parallel CFD Supporting NASA’s Space Calibration of Faarfield Rigid Pavent De- taining polymer – 37 Operations Mission Directorate – 73 sign Procedure. Final Report – 6 OXYGEN PRODUCTION PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Improving the Parallel Performance of a PAYLOADS Generation – 31 Domain Decomposition Preconditioning Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of the Human Exploration of Mars – 20 OZONE DEPLETION Technique in the Jacobi-Davidson Method for Large Scale Eigenvalue Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Problems – 142 Stratospheric Clouds at the South Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- Pole – 112 PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION print) – 21 OZONE Evaluating the Asymptotic Limits of the Progress on Enabling Unprecedented Delete-a-Group Jackknife for Model Payloads for Space in the 21st Cen- Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Analyses – 155 tury – 185 Program Review. Report of the Subcom- mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- The Challenge of Mars EDL (Entry, De- Research – 97 tory, Status, Prospects – 194 scent, and Landing) – 201

A-33 PEBBLE BED REACTORS Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Uncertainty Analysis of Certified Photo- the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor gether with Phased Array Ultra- voltaic Measurements at the National (PBMR) – 170 sound – 48 Renewable Energy Laboratory – 89 Results of a Neutronic Simulation of PHONONS PHOTOVOLTAIC CONVERSION HTR-Proteus Core 4.2 Using PEBBED 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum- Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen and Other INL Reactor Physics Tools: Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal Generation – 31 FY09 Report – 169 Design – 173 PHYSICAL EXERCISE PENETRATION Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Aerosol Penetration Through Protective Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Rhythm Problems During Space- Fabrics – 133 225 K – 161 flight – 128 PERFORMANCE TESTS PHOSPHORUS Force Health Protection: Nutrition and Exercise Resource Manual – 128 Computational Analysis of Dynamic Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Performance – 51 Special Emphasis on Responses of a Exercise Fixture with Weight Stack – 125 NASA DFRC Practices for Prototype Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Qualification – 13 Loading and Water Level – 121 Peak Performance Through Nutrition and Exercise – 128 Performance and Safety Tests of Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- PHYSICAL FITNESS sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- Design Configuration – 65 Force Health Protection: Nutrition and sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Exercise Resource Manual – 128 Performance Evaluation Modeling of Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading Network Sensors – 158 and Water Level – 121 Peak Performance Through Nutrition and Exercise – 128 Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS Development Unit Test Results – 73 Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- PERIODIC VARIATIONS Stratospheric Clouds at the South tions – 128 EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future Pole – 112 Earth Sciences Missions – 84 PHOTODIODES PHYSIOLOGY EVA Physiology, Systems and Perfor- Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- New Electrostatically-Focused, UV HPD mance [EPSP] Project – 127 quency Climate Processes in the Pa- for Liquid Xenon: A Direct Comparison cific – 119 with APD, PMT, SiPM in an Integrated PIERCING Database (08/15/05-08/14/07) – 194 Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr PERSONNEL (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and PHOTOGEOLOGY Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Armor-Piercing Projectiles – 44 of Training and Education for the Protec- New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- tion of Workers – 134 gion of Mars – 104 PIEZOELECTRICITY Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- PERTURBATION PHOTOGRAMMETRY posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- Photogrammetric system and method ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 37 GRAM – 111 used in the characterization of a struc- PISTONS ture – 77 PETN Mechanical Model of an Axial Piston Ma- Aging of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate PHOTOMAPS chine – 79 (PETN) – 41 New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- PITTING gion of Mars – 104 PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet Development, Testing, and Failure PHOTOMETRY Current and Future Composite Over- Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase Light-Emitting Diode Taxiway Edge Light wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- 83 Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 Photometric Evaluation – 8 rior Inspection Needs – PLANETARY COMPOSITION Growth method for chalcongenide PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES phase-change nanostructures – 34 Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Design and Demonstration of a Miniature Exploration – 196 PHASE LOCKED SYSTEMS Lidar System for Rover Applica- tions – 58 PLANETARY EVOLUTION Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- PHOTONEUTRONS Geologic Mapping – 109 ence – 172 Photoneutron Effects on Pulse Reactor PLANETARY GEOLOGY Phase-Locked Optical Generation of Kinetics for the Annular Core Research mmW/THz Signals – 67 Reactor (ACRR) – 169 A High Resolution Microprobe Study of EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked PHOTONS Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Loops – 66 Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, PHASE SHIFT plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- TX, 2009 – 102 bunching – 167 Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Using Plasma Physics to Weigh the Pho- Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and ton – 194 Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Nili Fossae, Mars – 104 PHASED ARRAYS PHOTORECEPTORS Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, Improved Phased Array Imaging of a Photoreceptor System for Melatonin -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Model Jet – 168 Regulation and Phototherapy – 76 Vallis Region, Mars – 110

A-34 Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic POINTING CONTROL SYSTEMS Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Rays – 190 Instrument Pointing Control System for Progress Report – 104 the Stellar Interferometry Mission - PLASMAS (PHYSICS) Planet Quest – 30 Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fos- Comment on ‘Paleoclassical Transport in sae Formation on Mars and the Northern Low-Collisionality Toroidal Plasmas’ POLAR METEOROLOGY Lowland Plains of Venus – 105 [Phys. Plasmas 12, 092512 Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About (2005)] – 177 Stratospheric Clouds at the South Half Way Done – 106 Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interac- Pole – 112 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - tions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analy- POLICIES 2009 – 107 sis – 175 Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience Principal Components Analysis of Re- Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- and Policy Design Considerations – 91 flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars netic Reconnection – 174 Exploration Rover Opportunity – 196 Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act Gyrokinetic Electron and Fully Kinetic Ion CAFE Incentives Policy: Report to Con- PLANETARY MAPPING Particle Simulation of Collisionless gress – 50 Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Plasma Dynamics – 175 Enabling Distributed Management for etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, High Performance Plasma Operation on Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 TX, 2009 – 102 DIII-D During Extended Periods Without Towards a National Marine Pollution Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Boronization – 177 Policy. Proceedings from a Workshop on Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, Initial Study Comparing the Radiating Marine Pollution Policy. Held in Galilee, Mars – 103 Divertor Behavior Single-Null and Rhode Island on June 25-27, 1980 – 72 Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D – 176 gion of Mars – 107 POLITICS Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in The USA Strategic Command: A Cold Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions War Icon – 57 Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- and Under Conditions Artificially Per- ping along the Coprates Rise – 110 turbed by HAARP – 113 POLLUTION CONTROL Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - U.S. Burning Plasma Organization Activi- Analysis of S. 1844, the Clear Skies Act 2009 – 107 ties – 176 of 2003; S. 843, the Clean Air Planning Act of 2003; and S. 366, the Clean Power PLANETARY SURFACES Using Plasma Physics to Weigh the Pho- Act of 2003 – 94 ton – 194 Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Corporate Average Fuel Economy Stan- Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- PLASTIC PROPERTIES dards for MY 2005-2007 Light Trucks. neering Development Unit – 186 Post-Cyclic Behavior of Low Plasticity Final Economic Assessment – 91 Silt Under Full and Limited Liquefaction PLANETARY SYSTEMS Effects of the Alternative Motor Fuels Act Using Triaxial Compression Testing. Fi- SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- CAFE Incentives Policy: Report to Con- nal – 83 port – 191 gress – 50 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY Using Plasticity Values Determined From Systematic Hardness Indentation Mea- Seasonal and Monthly Activity Allocation Phytometric intelligence sensors – 135 surements for Predicting Impact Behav- Fractions for Nonroad Engine Emissions ior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple Modeling, December 2005, NR- PLASMA DYNAMICS 004c – 99 Gyrokinetic Electron and Fully Kinetic Ion Screening Technique – 46 Summary Report for the Workshop on Particle Simulation of Collisionless PLATINUM ALLOYS Plasma Dynamics – 176 Integrating Climate Change Adaptation LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of into Air Quality Decision Making – 97 PLASMA INTERACTIONS Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interac- and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on tions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analy- Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final sis – 175 PLUGS Report: Project Performance and Eco- PLASMA PHYSICS Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions nomics – 93 Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical of Plug-and-Play Sat I – 21 Hall Thrusters – 65 POLLUTION MONITORING High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from Rays – 190 PLUMES Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring Shed – 155 Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Infrared Countermeasures Test and Reversed Configuration Geometry by Evaluation – 54 Environmental Technology Verification Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Program Advanced Monitoring Systems Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Center: Generic Verification Protocol for Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on Background-Oriented Schlieren – 3 NSTX – 174 at a Full-Scale Incinerator – 96 Using Plasma Physics to Weigh the Pho- PLUTONIUM Environmental Technology Verification ton – 194 INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Re- Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- port – 39 num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- PLASMA WAVES munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96 Lifetime Predictions for Model 9975 Observed Coupling Between the Interna- O-Rings in KAMS – 32 tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the Over Batch Analysis for the LLNL DOE- Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Geomagnetic Field – 24 STD-3013 Packaging System – 79 Polymer Matrices – 48

A-35 Polymerization method for formation of PRECAMBRIAN PERIOD Meromorphic Solutions of Difference thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- Painleve Equations – 141 37 taining polymer – tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- POLYMERIZATION Tectonic and Volcanic History of the man Population of Space and its Impact North Polar Region of Venus – 109 Polymerization method for formation of on Survival Probabilities – 185 thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- PREDICTION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES PROBLEM SOLVING taining polymer – 37 Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane Solution to Monthly Problem POLYNOMIALS Predictability – 117 11410 – 135 Structural Identifiability of Polynomial PREDICTIONS Solving the Pallet Loading Prob- and Rational Systems – 152 Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane lem – 157 Predictability – 117 POLYPEPTIDES PROCEDURES Methods for Treating Congestive Heart Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- General Searches for New Particles. At- Failure – 126 quency Climate Processes in the Pa- las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 cific – 119 POPULATION THEORY NASA DFRC Practices for Prototype Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- Using Plasticity Values Determined From Qualification – 13 man Population of Space and its Impact Systematic Hardness Indentation Mea- on Survival Probabilities – 131 surements for Predicting Impact Behav- Quality Interaction Between Mission As- ior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple surance and Project Team Mem- POPULATIONS Screening Technique – 46 bers – 79 Calculation of Age Distributions in the PRESERVING Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Nonroad Model: Growth and Scrappage, of Training and Education for the Protec- December 2005, NR-007c – 100 Historic Preservation Response Method- ology, Based on the Hurricane Katrina tion of Workers – 134 Geographic Allocation of Nonroad En- Model – 204 Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- gine Population Data to the State and PRESSURE OSCILLATIONS ment Framework for Government County Level, December 2005, NR- Agency Contract Requirements – 180 014d – 93 A Framework for Integrated Component and System Analyses of Instabili- PROCUREMENT Nonroad Engine Population Estimates, ties – 72 December 2005, NR-006d – 93 Cost-Effective Strategy for Surface Navy PRESSURE SENSORS Systems Integration and Test Engineer- Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- ing – 55 man Population of Space and its Impact Development and Application of Distrib- on Survival Probabilities – 185 uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AUV Object Avoidance – 25 How to Boost Engineering Support Via PORPHYRINS Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- Web 2.0 - Seeds for the Ares Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 77 Project...and/or Yours? – 158 Organics with Novel Mesoporous Orga- nosilicas – 35 PRESSURE SUITS SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight Operations Enterprise Supply Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km PORTABLE EQUIPMENT Chain – 132 Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Infrared Countermeasures Test and the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Evaluation – 54 PRODUCTIVITY PRESSURE VESSELS LOCO with a Shipboard Lidar – 75 PORTABLE LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS Composite Stress Rupture NDE Re- Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km PROFILOMETERS search and Development Project (Kev- Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet lar[R] and Carbon) – 82 the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Current and Future Composite Over- Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Current and Future Composite Over- rior Inspection Needs – 83 Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- port System – 133 PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENTS rior Inspection Needs – 83 SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple POSITION (LOCATION) Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- Fractional-N PLL – 143 Image-based Localization in Urban Envi- ing Results from COPV Accelerated ronments – 76 Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES Towards a Secure Programming Lan- POSITRON ANNIHILATION Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 guage. An Access Control System for Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy PREVENTION CommonLisp – 147 (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Forma- Scientific Cooperation Between Italy tion Studies – 169 (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention PROJECT MANAGEMENT POSITRONIUM of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Or- 98 ganization – 5 Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy Health Concern – (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Forma- PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the tion Studies – 169 Principal Components Analysis of Re- Dawn Ground Data System Engineering Challenge – 18 POSITRONS flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- ration Rover Opportunity – 113 Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy PROJECTILES (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Forma- Principal Components Analysis of Re- Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr tion Studies – 169 flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and Exploration Rover Opportunity – 196 Armor-Piercing Projectiles – 44 POTABLE WATER Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction PROBABILITY THEORY PROPELLANT STORAGE (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Importance Sampling and Dependence Design and Implementation of the MSL craft Water Quality – 133 Modeling – 155 Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30

A-36 PROPELLANT TANKS PROTEUS High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Design and Implementation of the MSL Results of a Neutronic Simulation of for Inverse Compton Scattering- Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 HTR-Proteus Core 4.2 Using PEBBED Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 and Other INL Reactor Physics Tools: PROPELLANTS Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for FY09 Report – 170 Temperature Measurements in Hyper- Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a sonic Flows – 78 Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- PROTOCOL (COMPUTERS) print) – 21 Environmental Technology Verification PURIFICATION Program Advanced Monitoring Systems Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Or- Center: Generic Verification Protocol for bit from a Tethered Balloon – 22 opment: Early Results from the Explora- Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors tion Life Support Distillation Technology PROPELLERS at a Full-Scale Incinerator – 96 Comparison Test – 131 Analysis of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Highly Scalable, UDP-Based Network Contaminated water treatment – 130 System Designs for Small Unmanned Transport Protocols for Lambda Grids Aircraft Systems – 11 and 10 GE Routed Networks. DOE/MICS QUADRATURES Final Project Report. September 2004 - A New Representative for Small-Body PROPULSION SYSTEM CONFIGURA- September 2006 – 166 Gravity Estimation – 196 TIONS 21st Century Locomotive Technology: Scalable and Fault Tolerant Group Key QUALIFICATIONS Quarterly Technical Status Report Management – 55 Working at NASA – 194 26 – 71 Visually Managing IPsec – 146 QUALITY CONTROL Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric PROTONS Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Test Approach and Results – 31 MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- Mars Cargo Missions – 32 Environmental Technology Verification tion – 40 Program Advanced Monitoring Systems Mid- and Far-Infrared Luminosity Issues in 2009 100 GeV Po- Center: Generic Verification Protocol for Reflection/Absorption Spectroscopy larized Proton Run – 166 Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors (IRAS) Studies of NO on Rh Single Crys- at a Full-Scale Incinerator – 96 tal Surfaces – 41 PROTOTYPES CCSDS SM and C Mission Operations Quality Interaction Between Mission As- PROPULSION SYSTEM PERFORMANCE Interoperability Prototype – 25 surance and Project Team Mem- 21st Century Locomotive Technology: bers – 79 NASA DFRC Practices for Prototype Quarterly Technical Status Report Qualification – 13 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS 26 – 71 Collisional Quenching of No PROVING Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric A2sigma+(nu’= 0) Between 125 and 294 Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, Environmental Technology Verification (Postprint) – 54 MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and Program Advanced Monitoring Systems Mars Cargo Missions – 32 Center: Generic Verification Protocol for QUANTUM CASCADE LASERS Mercury Continuous Emission Monitors 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum- Mid- and Far-Infrared at a Full-Scale Incinerator – 96 Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal Reflection/Absorption Spectroscopy Design – 173 (IRAS) Studies of NO on Rh Single Crys- PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS tal Surfaces – 41 A Comprehensive Approach in Dissemi- High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- nation of Evidence-Based Care for Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 PROTECTION PTSD – 130 Critical Infrastructure Protection Pro- Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz gram: Strategy for 2009 and Be- PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to yond – 148 A Comprehensive Approach in Dissemi- 225 K – 161 nation of Evidence-Based Care for Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Review of the Office of Research and PTSD – 130 Development’s Global Change Research Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Program at the U.S. Envionmental Pro- PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE ence – 172 tection Agency. Final Report. BOSC Sub- Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback committee on Global Change Re- of Fatigue – 154 Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in search – 121 Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 PUBLIC HEALTH Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Scientific Cooperation Between Italy QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS of Training and Education for the Protec- (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention Proceedings of RIPKEN BNL Research tion of Workers – 134 of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Center Workshop (Volume 93) PHENIX PROTECTIVE CLOTHING Health Concern – 98 Spinfest School 2009 at BNL. July 01 - July 31, 2009 – 163 Aerosol Penetration Through Protective PULSARS Fabrics – 133 New Observations of the Crab Nebula QUANTUM DOTS PROTECTIVE COATINGS and Pulsar – 188 Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- PULSE RATE mance Report (2008) – 10 ogy – 179 Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Thermal resistant environmental barrier sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS coating – 74 charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 Interference Effects in a Photonic Crystal Cavity – 178 PROTEIN CRYSTAL GROWTH PULSED LASERS Screening and Crystallization Plates for Design and Demonstration of a Miniature QUANTUM MECHANICS Manual and High-throughput Protein Lidar System for Rover Applica- Science and Technology Review June Crystal Growth – 178 tions – 58 2009 – 188

A-37 QUANTUM WELL LASERS RADIATION SHIELDING RADIOBIOLOGY High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 tion Research – 203 Track Structure and Calculation of Dose Deposition in Nanovolumes – 204 QUANTUM WELLS RADIATION TRANSPORT High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- Overview of the Graphical User Interface Overview of the Graphical User Interface Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based 144 Risk Model) – 143 QUASARS Risk Model) – Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Source Tilting Within the Difference For- RADIOTELEPHONES Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy mulation for Radiation Transport – 160 Assured Wireless Networking: Peer- from the Third Data Release Quasar Based Validation via Spectral Cluster- RADIATIVE FORCING Lens Catalog – 195 ing – 159 Distribution and Radiative Forcing of QUERY LANGUAGES Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 RAIN Million Query Track 2008 Over- Models and Characteristics of Freezing view – 182 RADII Rain and Freezing Drizzle for Aircraft Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Icing Applications – 5 RADAR EQUIPMENT and the Geometry of Accreting Black Ocklawaha River Basin Rainfall Yield Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Holes in the Hard State – 193 Characterization and Measurement Ac- Analysis – 122 curacy – 77 RADIO FREQUENCIES RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY Differential temperature sensor system RADAR IMAGERY Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced and method – 70 The Effect of Synthetic Aperture Radar Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- Image Resolution on Target Discrimina- Spectral Domain RF Fingerprinting for copy (WIDECARS) – 50 tion – 77 802.11 Wireless Devices – 163 REACTION KINETICS RADAR RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE Electronic Structure of Transition Metal Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal A Study of Near to Far Fields of JPL Clusters, Actinide Complexes and Their Detection with Applications to Radars Deep Space Network (DSN) Antennas Reactivities – 43 and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 for RFI Analysis – 63 REACTION TIME RADIATION BELTS RADIO TRANSMITTERS Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- REACTION WHEELS with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Trans- Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator mitters – 193 fer Summary – 58 Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- RADIATION DAMAGE Autonomous Measurements of Bridge troller – 15 Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- REACTIVITY Track Structure and Calculation of Dose Sensing Radio Transmitters – 57 Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Deposition in Nanovolumes – 204 RADIO WAVES Autonomy on People’s Responses to Embodied Social Agents – 140 RADIATION DOSAGE Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Lunar Daylight Exploration – 199 the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions Interfacial Phenomena: Linking Atomistic Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy and Under Conditions Artiﬁcially Per- and Macroscopic Properties: Theoretical (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Forma- turbed by HAARP – 113 and Experimental Studies of the Struc- tion Studies – 168 ture and Reactivity of Mineral Sur- RADIOACTIVE ISOTOPES faces – 164 RADIATION EFFECTS Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- REACTOR DESIGN NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, MRDAP User/Developer Documenta- tion Research – 203 TX, 2009 – 102 tion – 170 RADIATION MEASUREMENT Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- REACTOR PHYSICS Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A MRDAP User/Developer Documenta- Program Climate Research Facility Op- Progress Report – 104 tion – 170 erations. Quarterly Report January 1 - Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra March 31, 2009 – 114 (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 Results of a Neutronic Simulation of HTR-Proteus Core 4.2 Using PEBBED Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional and Other INL Reactor Physics Tools: Program Climate Research Facility Op- Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- FY09 Report – 169 erations, Quarterly Report, July 1 - Sep- ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in tember 30, 2009 – 120 the Unsaturated Zone – 140 READERS NRL Fact Book – 53 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS Program Climate Research Facility Op- Lead Vanadate Precipitation Method for The Goose and the Gander – 181 erations. Quarterly Report, October 1 - the Recovery of Vanadium from Carbon- 122 READING December 31, 2009 – ate Leach Solutions – 39 Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: RADIATION PROTECTION RADIOACTIVE WASTES Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- Hanford External Dosimetry Technical Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit struments to a Laboratory-Based 203 Basis Manual – 139: Waste Disposal Sites, Nevada Test Method – 90 Methods and Models of the Hanford In- Site, Nevada – 98 REAGENTS ternal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA- Investigation of the Potential for Caustic Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction 860 – 97 Stress Corrosion Cracking of A537 Car- (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- NDA Batch Data Report 2007-17 – 202 bon Steel Nuclear Waste Tanks – 45 craft Water Quality – 133

A-38 REAL TIME OPERATION Examining the Uppermost Surface of the REMOTE SENSORS Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interac- Lunar Regolith – 200 Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS) tions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analy- Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Handbook – 85 sis – 175 Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- RENDEZVOUS SPACECRAFT How to Take HRMS Process Manage- tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger The Evolution of the Rendezvous Profile ment to the Next Level with Workflow Basin – 110 During the Space Shuttle Pro- Business Event System – 144 Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- gram – 187 gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- RENEWABLE ENERGY ing Results from COPV Accelerated NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Ap- Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White gram – 200 proach – 51 Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Generation – 31 the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 on International Space Station – 129 Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith Uncertainty Analysis of Certified Photo- Real Distribution of Response Time In- Simulants – 197 voltaic Measurements at the National stability in Service-Oriented Architec- Renewable Energy Laboratory – 89 ture – 183 REGULARITY REPLENISHMENT RECEIVERS Regularity Properties of Two-Phase Free Boundary Problems – 137 Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- New L2C Signal – 63 REGULATIONS print) – 21 RECONNAISSANCE Social Networking and Constituent Com- munications: Member Use of Twitter Dur- RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues, A History of the Committee on Science February 1, 2010 – 20 ing a Two-Month Period in the 111th Congress, February 3, 2010 – 59 and Technology – 84 Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Fostering Visions for the Future: A Re- Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 REGULATORY MECHANISMS (BIOL- OGY) view of the NASA Institute for Advanced 180 REDUNDANCY Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Concepts – SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Science and Technology Review Fractional-N PLL – 143 Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- July/August 2009 – 17 REFINING ways – 126 Science and Technology Review June Fault Tolerance Reuse During Refine- RELATIVITY 2009 – 188 ment – 139 GPS and Relativity: An Engineering Science and Technology Review Sep- Searching for Donors: Refining an Impu- Overview – 9 tember 2009 – 162 tation Strategy – 135 RELIABILITY ENGINEERING Strategic Communication Science and REFLECTANCE SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked Technology Plan: Current Activities, Ca- Principal Components Analysis of Re- Loops – 67 pability Gaps and Areas for Further In- flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- vestment – 62 ration Rover Opportunity – 113 RELIABILITY Using a Computer Game for Research Improving Timeliness and Reliability of Principal Components Analysis of Re- on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars sons Learned from A NATO Experi- ronments with Mockets Communications Exploration Rover Opportunity – 196 ment – 130 Library – 150 RESEARCH FACILITIES REFLECTION Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A Fault Tolerance Reuse During Refine- Proof of Concept – 155 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement ment – 139 Program Climate Research Facility Op- Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering erations. Quarterly Report January 1 - REFLECTORS Development Unit Test Results – 73 March 31, 2009 – 114 Aquarius Reflector Surface Temperature Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 REMOTE CONTROL Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Development of a Remotely Operated Program Climate Research Facility Op- REFRACTIVITY Autonomous Satellite Tracking Sys- erations,QuarterlyReport,July1-Sep- Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for tem – 21 tember 30, 2009 – 120 LHCD Experiments – 171 Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- Atmospheric Radiation Measurement REFUELING periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- Program Climate Research Facility Op- Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic ings – 129 erations. Quarterly Report, October 1 - Test Approach and Results – 31 December 31, 2009 – 122 REMOTE SENSING Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS ings – 129 print) – 21 Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Computational Analysis of Dynamic Resolution – 86 Working at NASA – 194 SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector Examining the Uppermost Surface of the RESEARCH MANAGEMENT Performance – 50 Moon – 199 Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- quency Climate Processes in the Pa- ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 gion of Mars – 107 cific – 119 REGOLITH Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to RESEARCH PROJECTS A High Resolution Microprobe Study of Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay Science and Technology Review Sep- EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 tember 2009 – 162

A-39 RESIDUES RIVERS ROOMS A Parameterization of Positive Real Resi- Corrosivity Literature and Data Review Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- due Interpolants with McMillan Degree for Demineralization Concentrate Man- 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- Constraint – 138 agement Studies and Well Completion sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, RESONATORS Design – 42 March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin- Destructive Examination of Shipping Rooms – 101 Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimen- Package 9975-02028 – 98 tary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 ROTATION 40 ROBOT CONTROL GHz – Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- Multi-Objective Constraint Satisfaction Reversed Conﬁguration Geometry by nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 for Mobile Robot Area Defense – 151 Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175

REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES ROBOTICS ROTORS Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Control system for bearingless motor- rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Simulators – 201 generator – 70 Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- Minimized Structural Design and Assess- Lunar Daylight Exploration – 198 ROVING VEHICLES ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Multi-Objective Constraint Satisfaction Lunar Daylight Exploration – 199 (RLVs) – 4 for Mobile Robot Area Defense – 151 MER Surface Phase; Blurring the Line REVERSE FIELD PINCH Robotic Lunar Lander Development Between Fault Protection and What is Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Project Status – 29 Supposed to Happen – 187 Reversed Configuration Geometry by Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Principal Components Analysis of Re- Exploration – 196 flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- REYNOLDS NUMBER ration Rover Opportunity – 112 Particle and Blood Cell Dynamics in Os- Robotic Range Clearance Competition cillatory Flows. Final Report – 72 (R2C2) Lessons Learned – 152 Principal Components Analysis of Re- flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars RISK ASSESSMENT Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant Exploration Rover Opportunity – 196 Development of the Electric Wiring Inter- Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- connection System Risk Assessment Robotic Control System – 152 Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Tool – 68 TARDEC Robotics – 150 Tracking System – 25 Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- cisions – 187 ROBOTS S WAVES Data Filtering and Control Design for Quality Interaction Between Mission As- Quantification of Rock Damage from Mobile Robots – 151 surance and Project Team Mem- Small Explosions and Its Effect on bers – 79 Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Shear-Wave Generation – 114 Autonomy on People’s Responses to Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- SAFETY MANAGEMENT 147 Embodied Social Agents – 139 tion in the Software Life Cycle – Automated Tool and Method for System RISK MANAGEMENT Multi-Objective Constraint Satisfaction Safety Analysis: 2009 Progress Re- Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- for Mobile Robot Area Defense – 151 port – 7 cisions – 187 TARDEC Robotics – 150 National Transportation Safety Board Air- Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- craft Accident Report: Loss of Control on ROBUSTNESS (MATHEMATICS) tion in the Software Life Cycle – 147 Approach, Colgan Air, Inc., Operating as Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- Continental Connection Flight 3407, RISK timal Control Modification on an F-18 Bombardier DHC-8-400, N200WQ, Near Critical Infrastructure Protection Pro- Aircraft Model – 16 Clarence Center, New York, on February gram: Strategy for 2009 and Be- 12, 2009 – 3 yond – 148 ROCKET ENGINES Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- A Framework for Integrated Component SAFETY rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. and System Analyses of Instabili- Anemometer Calibration Procedures. Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- ties – 72 Mine Safety and Health Handbook Se- Minimized Structural Design and Assess- ries – 94 Integrated System Health Management: ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Pilot Operational Implementation in a Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Com- (RLVs) – 4 Rocket Engine Test Stand – 151 bustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Final Report. PacifiCorp, Naughton Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Rhythm Problems During Space- Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyo- Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 flight – 127 ming – 95 Infectious Disease Risk Associated with ROCKS Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Space Flight – 126 Maintenance and Repair of Natural Dam Assessment Report: Martins Creek Robotic Lunar Lander Development Stone. Heron: Volume 54, No. 4 Special Steam Electric Station PPL Generation, Project Status – 29 Issue – 81 Bangor, Pennsylvania. Final Re- port – 95 Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing mation for the Augustine Committee Re- the Regional Impact History of the SPA Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment view – 204 Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks – 83 Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam RIVER BASINS Quantification of Rock Damage from Complex, American Electric Power, St. Ocklawaha River Basin Rainfall Yield Small Explosions and Its Effect on Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- Analysis – 122 Shear-Wave Generation – 113 port – 95

A-40 Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, Performance (Preprint) – 69 tion in the Software Life Cycle – 147 Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, SCENE ANALYSIS The Comprehensive National Cyberse- January 2010. Evaluation of Potential Automata learning algorithms and pro- curity Initiative – 150 Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese cesses for providing more complete sys- Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 SEDIMENTS tems requirements specification by sce- Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of Hexavalent Chromium – 95 nario generation, CSP-based syntax- Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sedi- oriented model construction, and R2D2C Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: ments – 43 Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- system requirements transforma- struments to a Laboratory-Based tion – 145 Post-Cyclic Behavior of Low Plasticity Silt Under Full and Limited Liquefaction Method – 89 SCHEDULES Using Triaxial Compression Testing. Fi- Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- nal – 83 of Training and Education for the Protec- ment Framework for Government tion of Workers – 134 Agency Contract Requirements – 180 Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Tooting – 105 SAMPLING SCHLIEREN PHOTOGRAPHY SEEPAGE Importance Sampling and Dependence Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Modeling – 155 Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish Background-Oriented Schlieren – 4 (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- SANDWICH STRUCTURES sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- SCHOOLS sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding Educational Technology in Public School Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Districts: Fall 2008. First Look – 136 and Water Level – 121 bris – 38 Proceedings of RIPKEN BNL Research SEGMENTS Quiet Honeycomb Panels – 36 Center Workshop (Volume 93) PHENIX Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and Spinfest School 2009 at BNL. July 01 - the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- SATELLITE DESIGN July 31, 2009 – 163 Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- tem – 106 namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO SCINTILLATION P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions SEISMIC WAVES tion – 27 and Under Conditions Artificially Per- turbed by HAARP – 113 Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomo- SATELLITE IMAGERY graphic Inversions Based on 3D Strain Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE Green Tensor – 159 Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and Implicit Physics – 116 Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and Model Reanalysis Products – 118 Yield – 101 SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- SEISMOLOGY Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 Yield – 101 Tracking System – 25 SEARCHING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SATELLITE OBSERVATION Million Query Track 2008 Over- Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin view – 182 Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Temperature Observations into Land ence – 172 Surface Models – 115 SEATS Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- Chair’s Report Trans-Pacific Symposium SEMICONDUCTORS (MATERIALS) namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO on Dismantling Transnational Illicit Net- Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect in n-Doped Bulk Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO works. Honolulu, Hawaii, November GaAs – 178 9-12, 2009 – 59 CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz tion – 27 SECURITY Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to SATELLITE SOUNDING A History of the Committee on Science 225 K – 161 Monthly Report of the Meteorological and Technology – 84 SENSITIVITY Satellite Center: December 2009 – 118 Audit of Information Security Program, Experimental Investigation of the Role of Department of Transportation – 184 SATELLITE TRACKING Defects in Detonation Sensitivity of En- ergetic Materials: Development of Tech- Development of a Remotely Operated Federal Information Security and Data niques for Characterization – 40 Autonomous Satellite Tracking Sys- Breach Notification Laws, January 28, tem – 21 2010 – 139 SENSORS SCALERS Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Development and Application of Distrib- Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for AUV Object Avoidance – 25 sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 Wireless Platform – 180 Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY Mission Impact of Cyber Events: Sce- SEQUENCING Miniaturized Environmental Scanning narios and Ontology to Express the Re- Sequence System Building Blocks: Us- Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary lationships Between Cyber Assets, Mis- ing a Component Architecture for Se- Studies – 198 sions, and Users – 183 quencing Software – 147 SCATTERING Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues, SERVICE LIFE February 1, 2010 – 20 Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Lifetime Predictions for Model 9975 Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 Security at Aircraft Repair Stations – 13 O-Rings in KAMS – 33

A-41 Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for SIGNATURES Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity the Ares I Common Bulkhead – 27 Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation Simulators – 201 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds SINGLE CRYSTALS Real Distribution of Response Time In- and Optimal Designs – 61 Mid- and Far-Infrared stability in Service-Oriented Architec- New Bounds on the Total-Squared- Reflection/Absorption Spectroscopy ture – 183 Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets (IRAS) Studies of NO on Rh Single Crys- SHAPES and Optimal Designs – 61 tal Surfaces – 41 Development of a COTS Radioxenon SILVER SKY SURVEYS (ASTRONOMY) Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 171 nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Development of Morphing Aircraft Struc- Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring from the Third Data Release Quasar ture Using SMP – 4 Shed – 155 Lens Catalog – 195 LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver SLEEP DEPRIVATION Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on Special Emphasis on Responses of a of Fatigue – 154 Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading and Water Level – 121 SLOPES SHEAROGRAPHY Dialect Distance Assessment Based on Large Scale Shearography Inspection of SIMULATION 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and the Space Shuttle External Fuel A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin- Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimen- Tank – 186 SMART MATERIALS tary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 SHELTERS GHz – 40 Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Hardened Aircraft Shelter Test Pro- Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- gram – 16 AN-CASE NET-CENTRIC Modeling and neering Development Unit – 186 Simulation – 158 SHIELDING SNC METEORITES Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- Checking Model Specifications with A High Resolution Microprobe Study of 143 tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding CrossCheck – EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and SOFTWARE ENGINEERING bris – 38 Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Automated Tool and Method for System Crosstalk – 68 SHOCK TESTS Safety Analysis: 2009 Progress Re- High-g Shock Test Results of Tadiran Introduction to the General Campaign port – 7 88 Analysis Model (GCAM). Version TLM-1530MP Cells – Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant 3.3 – 144 SHORT WAVE RADIATION Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS) MCCx C3I Control Center Interface Emu- Robotic Control System – 152 lator – 19 Handbook – 85 Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- SHROUDS Measurement and Simulation of the tion in the Software Life Cycle – 147 RHIC Abort Kicker Longitudinal Imped- Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Sequence System Building Blocks: Us- ance – 162 the Human Exploration of Mars – 20 ing a Component Architecture for Se- SIGNAL DETECTION Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for quencing Software – 146 Fusion Application – 46 Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Simulation and Application of GPOPS for Detection with Applications to Radars NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- a Trajectory Optimization and Mission and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 gram – 200 Planning Tool – 145 SIGNAL DETECTORS Particle and Blood Cell Dynamics in Os- SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- Data Filtering and Control Design for cillatory Flows. Final Report – 72 ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- Mobile Robots – 151 Rensselaer Component of the Terascale tion Environment – 145 SIGNAL DISTORTION Simulation Tools and Technologies. Final SOILS Intelligent Transportation Systems Data Report – 179 Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Results of a Neutronic Simulation of phytes – 85 sition Technique – 182 HTR-Proteus Core 4.2 Using PEBBED Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas SIGNAL MEASUREMENT and Other INL Reactor Physics Tools: Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal FY09 Report – 169 for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Characterization and Measurement Ac- Simulation and Application of GPOPS for Forestry – 94 curacy – 77 a Trajectory Optimization and Mission Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional SIGNAL PROCESSING Planning Tool – 145 Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Thermal Modeling and Feedback Re- ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in Detection with Applications to Radars quirements for LIFE Neutronic Simula- the Unsaturated Zone – 140 and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 tions – 171 Phytometric intelligence sensors – 134 Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP SIMULATORS SOLAR COLLECTORS Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin- Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimen- Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- Performance (Preprint) – 69 tary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil GHz – 40 Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor 2009 – 89 Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator gether with Phased Array Ultra- Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen sound – 48 troller – 15 Generation – 31

A-42 Solar Ready Buildings Planning SPACE CHARGE SPACE SUITS Guide – 88 Transverse Space Charge Effect Calcu- Proposed Schematics for an Advanced lation in the Synergia Accelerator Model- Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- SOLAR ELECTRIC PROPULSION ing Toolkit – 161 port System – 133 Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, SPACE COMMUNICATION Results and Analysis from Space Suit MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space Joint Torque Testing – 23 Mars Cargo Missions – 32 Network – 26 SPACEBORNE ASTRONOMY SPACE COOLING (BUILDINGS) SOLAR ENERGY All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Solar Ready Buildings Planning Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Guide – 88 to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- tor – 188 ploration – 52 SPACE DEBRIS V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Comprehensive Solar Energy Power An Assessment of the Current LEO De- Range of Standard Model Accretion System for the Turkey Lake Service bris Environment and the Need for Active Disks – 189 Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility Debris Removal – 197 Study – 87 Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- SPACEBORNE TELESCOPES Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Regimes – 22 namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil Orbital Debris: Quarterly News, Volume CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June 14, Issue 2 – 23 tion – 27 2009 – 88 SPACE EXPLORATION SPACECRAFT CABINS Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space Generation – 31 Network – 26 International Space Station Crew Quar- ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design Uncertainty Analysis of Certified Photo- NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- Implementation – 168 voltaic Measurements at the National tion Research – 202 SPACECRAFT CHARGING Renewable Energy Laboratory – 89 SPACE FLIGHT STRESS Charging Effects on Fluid Stream Drop- Infectious Disease Risk Associated with SOLAR FLARES lets for Momentum Exchange Between Space Flight – 126 Combined Modeling of Acceleration, Spacecraft – 17 Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response SPACE FLIGHT in Solar Flares – 202 Infectious Disease Risk Associated with SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATION CCSDS SM and C Mission Operations SOLAR HEATING Space Flight – 126 Interoperability Prototype – 25 Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis SPACE HEATING (BUILDINGS) to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- Solar Ready Buildings Planning SPACECRAFT CONSTRUCTION MATERI- ploration – 52 Guide – 88 ALS Solar Mechanics Thermal Response Ca- SPACE MISSIONS Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Ef- pabilities – 190 Development and Testing of High Sur- fects of Several Paint Removal Technolo- face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- gies on the Static and Fatigue Properties SOLAR SYSTEM ide Electrolysis – 196 Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- of Thin Aerospace Structural Materi- man Population of Space and its Impact GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Or- als – 35 on Survival Probabilities – 131 ganization – 5 SPACECRAFT DESIGN Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- SOLAR X-RAYS Development, Fabrication, and Testing of cisions – 187 Combined Modeling of Acceleration, a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Ex- Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- changer for Constellation Space- in Solar Flares – 202 Body Problem and Space Mission De- crafts – 27 sign – 139 SOLDERING Parallel CFD Supporting NASA’s Space SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight Operations Mission Directorate – 73 Transition to J-STD-001DS: A Guide for Operations Enterprise Supply Implementation. NASA Workmanship Chain – 132 SPACECRAFT DOCKING Standards Program – 71 SPACE NAVIGATION The Evolution of the Rendezvous Profile During the Space Shuttle Pro- SOL-GEL PROCESSES A Global Approach to Delta Differential gram – 187 Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and One-Way Range – 25 coating system using same – 37 SPACE PLASMAS SPACECRAFT ELECTRONIC EQUIP- SOLUBILITY Combined Modeling of Acceleration, MENT Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response A Few Examples of Spacecraft Anoma- Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Cal- in Solar Flares – 202 lies Attributed to Transient Voltages and Currents Issues – 30 culations into Cantera for Electrolyte So- SPACE SHUTTLE MISSIONS lutions – 38 The Evolution of the Rendezvous Profile SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENTS SONIC BOOMS During the Space Shuttle Pro- Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic gram – 187 Dawn Ground Data System Engineering Challenge – 19 Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing SPACE SHUTTLES Section – 2 An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X – 20 SPACECRAFT MANEUVERS SOUNDS (TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES) Large Scale Shearography Inspection of Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A Current Meter Study for Agate, Port Or- the Space Shuttle External Fuel Unified System for Trajectory Design and chard, and Rich Passages – 73 Tank – 186 Optimization – 29

A-43 SPACECRAFT MOTION Development and Ballistic Testing of a SPEECH RECOGNITION Instrument Pointing Control System for New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard Dialect Distance Assessment Based on the Stellar Interferometry Mission - Steels Under Military Specification MIL- 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and Planet Quest – 30 DTL-46100E – 44 Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 SPACECRAFT STRUCTURES SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY SPEECH Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- Cellular Class Encoding Approach to In- SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO creasing Efficiency of Nearest Neighbor 2009 – 191 Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO Searching – 60 CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- SPECTRAL RESOLUTION Dialect Distance Assessment Based on tion – 27 Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 Body Problem and Space Mission De- Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Test Token Driven Acoustic Balancing for sign – 139 Resolution – 86 Sparse Enrollment Data in Cohort GMM SPECTRA Speaker Recognition – 168 SPACECRAFT TRACKING Assured Wireless Networking: Peer- SPHERES Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Based Validation via Spectral Cluster- Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- ing – 159 ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth SPACECRAFT TRAJECTORIES Inverse Problems in Analytic Interpola- System’s Science Approach. Student Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- tion for Robust Control and Spectral Es- Guide – 87 Body Problem and Space Mission De- timation – 137 SPIN STABILIZATION sign – 139 ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dy- Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Or- Overview and Software Architecture of namic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive bit from a Tethered Balloon – 22 the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Radio Ad Hoc Networks – 61 SPINEL Optimization System – 26 Spectral Domain RF Fingerprinting for Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A 802.11 Wireless Devices – 163 Ceramics – 48 Unified System for Trajectory Design and Strategic Vision for Spectrum – 160 Optimization – 29 SPRAYERS SPECTROMETERS Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region SPACECREWS Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Science Missions – 190 (Postprint) – 54 on International Space Station – 129 SPECTROPHOTOMETRY STABILITY SPACE-TIME ADAPTIVE PROCESSING Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction A Framework for Integrated Component Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- and System Analyses of Instabili- Detection with Applications to Radars craft Water Quality – 133 ties – 72 and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 SPECTRORADIOMETERS STANDARDIZATION Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS) IT Challenges for Space Medicine or Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 Handbook – 85 How do We Protect Medical Information and Still Get Useful Work Done? – 127 Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS Performance (Preprint) – 69 Searching for Donors: Refining an Impu- Proposed Functional Architecture and tation Strategy – 135 Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- SPARK IGNITION mon Ground Control Station for Un- Exhaust Emission Factors for Nonroad SPECTROSCOPY manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Engine Modeling: Spark-Ignition, De- STANDARDS cember 2005, NR-010e – 79 sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 NRL Fact Book – 53 SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy Transition to J-STD-001DS: A Guide for Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Forma- Implementation. NASA Workmanship tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for tion Studies – 168 Standards Program – 71 Tectonic and Volcanic History of the STARK EFFECT North Polar Region of Venus – 109 Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for Temperature Measurements in Hyper- Design of a New Optical System for Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra sonic Flows – 78 Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Di- (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 agnostic – 172 Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Elec- SPATIAL RESOLUTION tron Transfer – 164 Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for LHCD Experiments – 171 Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS STATIC PRESSURE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Principal Components Analysis of Re- Resolution – 86 Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- ration Rover Opportunity – 113 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 Principal Components Analysis of Re- Book Review Geostatistical Analysis of flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars Compositional Data – 156 Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Exploration Rover Opportunity – 196 Tooting – 105 Idiot’s Guide to the Statistical Theory of SPEECH BASEBAND COMPRESSION Fission Chains – 163 SPECIFICATIONS Speaker Recognition on Lossy Com- Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- Checking Model Specifications with pressed Speech Using the Speex Co- man Population of Space and its Impact CrossCheck – 143 dec – 57 on Survival Probabilities – 131

A-44 STATORS STRATIGRAPHY Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Control system for bearingless motor- Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- generator – 70 etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger Basin – 110 STEAM TX, 2009 – 102 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing Dam Assessment Report: Martins Creek tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for the Regional Impact History of the SPA Steam Electric Station PPL Generation, Tectonic and Volcanic History of the Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks – 83 Bangor, Pennsylvania. Final Re- North Polar Region of Venus – 109 STRUCTURAL DESIGN port – 95 Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- STEELS Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges Nili Fossae, Mars – 104 Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- Minimized Structural Design and Assess- with Double Composite Action – 82 Geologic Mapping of Athabasca ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Valles – 105 Development and Ballistic Testing of a (RLVs) – 4 New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Steels Under Military Specification MIL- Design and Implementation of the MSL Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 DTL-46100E – 44 tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger STELLAR STRUCTURE Basin – 110 Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- port – 191 Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- STELLARATORS Mars: Project Introduction and First Year tion – 27 Columbia Non-Neutral Torus – 175 Work Plan – 111 Parallel CFD Supporting NASA’s Space STIRLING CYCLE Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia Operations Mission Directorate – 73 Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING Test Approach and Results – 31 ond Year Results and Third Year Plan – 106 Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- STIRLING ENGINES Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary posites for Space Applications Using Pi- 37 Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – Generation – 31 Quadrangle – 102 STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES (GEOLOGY) STOCHASTIC PROCESSES Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra Combined Modeling of Acceleration, Planum, Mars – 103 (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response in Solar Flares – 202 Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- ping along the Coprates Rise – 110 basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Contributions to the Stochastic Maximum Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Principle – 137 STRATOSPHERE Work Plan – 111 Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary Reversed Configuration Geometry by Stratospheric Clouds at the South Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Pole – 112 Quadrangle – 102 LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – 112 The UAV Continuous Coverage Prob- STRUCTURAL VIBRATION lem – 12 STREAMLINING A Framework for Integrated Component STOCKPILING How to Take HRMS Process Manage- and System Analyses of Instabili- Development of Designer Diamond ment to the Next Level with Workflow ties – 72 Technology for High Pressure High Tem- Business Event System – 145 perature Experiments in Support of SUBASSEMBLIES Stockpile Stewardship Program. Final STRESS (PHYSIOLOGY) First Status Report: Testing of Aged Soft- Report – 49 Infectious Disease Risk Associated with wood Fiberboard Material for the 9975 Space Flight – 126 Shipping Package – 47 STORAGE RINGS (PARTICLE ACCEL- ERATORS) STRESS (PSYCHOLOGY) SUBMILLIMETER WAVES Development of a Hydrogen and Deute- A Comprehensive Approach in Dissemi- Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary rium Polarized Gas Target for Application nation of Evidence-Based Care for Science Missions – 190 in Storage Rings – 164 PTSD – 130 SUBORBITAL FLIGHT STORAGE TANKS STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X – 20 Design and Implementation of the MSL Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 Damage Assessment of Structures an Air SUBSONIC FLOW Force Office of Scientific Research Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region General Searches for New Particles. At- Structural Mechanics Perspective – 13 las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ (Postprint) – 54 STORMS Power Substation Under Earthquake Design, Implementation and Operation of Loads – 80 SULFURIC ACID a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, Results of Hazard Model – 117 STRUCTURAL BASINS the Phase II Testing of Sulfur-Iodine In- Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- tegrated Lab Scale Experiments, Final STRAIN GAGES etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, Report – 39 Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain TX, 2009 – 102 Ceramics – 48 SULFUR Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and STRAIN MEASUREMENT Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 Mars – 103 Glass – 120

A-45 Nuclear Hydrogen Initiative, Results of SURFACE TEMPERATURE Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Man- the Phase II Testing of Sulfur-Iodine In- Aquarius Reflector Surface Temperature agement Research Test and Integration tegrated Lab Scale Experiments, Final Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Op- Report – 39 portunities – 11 SURFACE TO AIR MISSILES SUNLIGHT Infrared Countermeasures Test and SYSTEMS INTEGRATION Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic Evaluation – 54 Cost-Effective Strategy for Surface Navy Organics with Novel Mesoporous Orga- SYMMETRY Systems Integration and Test Engineer- nosilicas – 35 ing – 55 Mechanical Model of an Axial Piston Ma- SUNRISE chine – 79 Integrated System Health Management: Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar Pilot Operational Implementation in a SYNCHRONOUS METEOROLOGICAL Stratospheric Clouds at the South SATELLITE Rocket Engine Test Stand – 151 Pole – 112 Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Elec- Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Man- SUPERCONDUCTING CAVITY RESONA- tron Transfer – 164 agement Research Test and Integration TORS Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Op- SYNCHRONOUS PLATFORMS Quench Propagation in the HOM portunities – 11 Damper of the 56 MHz Cavity – 165 Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 Using Web 2.0 Techniques in NASA’s SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT Ares Engineering Operations Network SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR GPS and Relativity: An Engineering (AEON) Environment - First Impres- Overview – 9 The Effect of Synthetic Aperture Radar sions – 19 Image Resolution on Target Discrimina- SUPERSONIC FLOW tion – 77 TARGET ACQUISITION Experiments on Electrically Controlled SYNTHETIC FUELS Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- Detection with Applications to Radars Computational Analysis of Dynamic sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector SUPERSONIC JET FLOW Performance – 51 Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for Improved Phased Array Imaging of a Independently Moving Cameras – 153 SYSTEM EFFECTIVENESS Model Jet – 168 Infrared Countermeasures Test and Performance Evaluation Modeling of SUPERSONIC SPEED Evaluation – 54 Network Sensors – 158 Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic TARGET RECOGNITION Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing SYSTEMS ENGINEERING Section – 2 Automated Tool and Method for System The Effect of Synthetic Aperture Radar Safety Analysis: 2009 Progress Re- Image Resolution on Target Discrimina- SUPPLYING port – 7 tion – 77 Ocklawaha River Basin Rainfall Yield Analysis – 122 Cost-Effective Strategy for Surface Navy TARGETS Systems Integration and Test Engineer- Development of a Hydrogen and Deute- Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling ing – 55 rium Polarized Gas Target for Application Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- in Storage Rings – 164 lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for 2009 – 88 Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO Independently Moving Cameras – 153 CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- tion – 27 Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- ment Framework for Government tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 Agency Contract Requirements – 180 How to Boost Engineering Support Via Web 2.0 - Seeds for the Ares LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 SUPPORT SYSTEMS Project...and/or Yours? – 157 Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar How to Boost Engineering Support Via Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 Web 2.0 - Seeds for the Ares Simulators – 201 Project...and/or Yours? – 158 Workplace Solutions: Reducing Expo- Instrument Pointing Control System for sure to Lead and Noise at Indoor Firing Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- the Stellar Interferometry Mission - Ranges – 100 ment Framework for Government Planet Quest – 30 Agency Contract Requirements – 180 TASKS Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector SURFACE ENERGY cisions – 187 Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin of Fatigue – 154 Logistics: Supply Based or Distribution Temperature Observations into Land TECHNOLOGIES Surface Models – 115 Based? – 157 A History of the Committee on Science SURFACE PROPERTIES MER Surface Phase; Blurring the Line and Technology – 84 Between Fault Protection and What is Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Supposed to Happen – 187 Science and Technology Review Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- July/August 2009 – 17 tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger Overview and Software Architecture of Basin – 110 the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Strategic Communication Science and Optimization System – 26 Technology Plan: Current Activities, Ca- Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia pability Gaps and Areas for Further In- Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- vestment – 62 ond Year Results and Third Year Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- Plan – 106 port System – 133 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT SURFACE REACTIONS SYSTEMS HEALTH MONITORING Effectiveness of Traveler Information Tools – 62 Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interac- Integrated System Health Management: tions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analy- Pilot Operational Implementation in a Lessons From Army System Develop- sis – 175 Rocket Engine Test Stand – 152 ments. Volume 2: Case Studies – 12

A-46 SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION TETHERED BALLOONS Operations Enterprise Supply Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Or- Chain – 132 Development Unit Test Results – 73 bit from a Tethered Balloon – 22 TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION The Impact-Induced Triggering of Hot THEMATIC MAPPING Fostering Visions for the Future: A Re- Spots in Energetic/Explosive Materials. Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra view of the NASA Institute for Advanced Part 2: Adiabatic Temperature Distribu- (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 tion Near a Spherical Hole – 39 Concepts – 180 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: TEMPERATURE EFFECTS 2009 – 107 Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis THEOREMS to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- tion – 16 Limit Theorems for Ergodic Group Ac- ploration – 52 tions and Random Walks – 136 TECTONICS Solar Mechanics Thermal Response Ca- Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- pabilities – 190 THEORETICAL PHYSICS etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, Problems in Number Theory Related to TX, 2009 – 102 Versatile honeycomb matrix heat Mathematical Physics – 137 shield – 28 Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- THERMAL CONTROL COATINGS tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT Thermal resistant environmental barrier Tectonic and Volcanic History of the Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imag- coating – 74 ing Inspection System Project – 71 North Polar Region of Venus – 109 THERMAL DIFFUSION Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- Aquarius Reﬂector Surface Temperature Solar Mechanics Thermal Response Ca- Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 pabilities – 190 Progress Report – 104 Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for THERMAL EMISSION Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- Temperature Measurements in Hyper- Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- 78 basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, sonic Flows – GRAM – 111 Mars: Project Introduction and First Year TEMPERATURE SENSORS Principal Components Analysis of Re- 111 Work Plan – Differential temperature sensor system ﬂectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- Preliminary Geological Map of the For- and method – 70 ration Rover Opportunity – 112 tuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Ve- TEMPORAL RESOLUTION Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron nus – 107 Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- NSTX – 174 ral Resolution SST Analyses – 86 Geologic Mapping – 109 THERMAL ENERGY TENSILE TESTS TELESCOPES Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- DC 12m Telescope Preliminary Calcula- ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health ploration – 52 tions Investigation of Elevation Axis Po- Monitoring – 80 sition – 173 Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen TENSORS Generation – 31 Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomo- THERMAL ENVIRONMENTS SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and graphic Inversions Based on 3D Strain 191 2009 – Green Tensor – 159 Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. TEMPERATURE CONTROL TERRESTRIAL PLANETS Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- 21st Century Locomotive Technology: Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- tural Health Monitoring – 82 Quarterly Technical Status Report ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- 26 – 71 (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- 189 Control and Life Support Ddevelopment graph – Minimized Structural Design and Assess- Status – 28 Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- (RLVs) – 4 Development, Testing, and Failure ing and Experiment – 173 Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase Development, Testing, and Failure Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 TEST FIRING Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase Workplace Solutions: Reducing Expo- Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level sure to Lead and Noise at Indoor Firing Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math Thermal Control System for a Small, Ranges – 100 Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- Lander – 64 TEST STANDS ence Platform – 29 Overview of the Altair Lunar Lander Ther- Integrated System Health Management: THERMAL EXPANSION mal Control System Design – 195 Pilot Operational Implementation in a Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- Rocket Engine Test Stand – 152 ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering Thermal Control System for a Small, (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Development Unit Test Results – 73 Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Thermal Control System for a Small, ence Platform – 29 graph – 189 Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- TEST VEHICLES THERMAL MAPPING ence Platform – 29 An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X – 20 Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imag- ing Inspection System Project – 71 TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Man- Effect of Solution Saturation State and agement Research Test and Integration THERMAL NEUTRONS Temperature on Diopside Dissolu- Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Op- Thermal Neutron Imaging in an Active tion – 43 portunities – 11 Interrogation Environment – 165

A-47 THERMAL PROTECTION TIME SERIES ANALYSIS TOUCH Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- CloudSat: the Cloud Profiling Radar Mis- Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. sion – 119 Autonomy on People’s Responses to Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- TITANIUM ALLOYS Embodied Social Agents – 140 tural Health Monitoring – 82 Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr TOXICITY Versatile honeycomb matrix heat (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and California Parkinson’s Disease Registry 28 shield – Armor-Piercing Projectiles – 44 Pilot Project - Southern California Ascer- THERMAL RESISTANCE TITANIUM tainment – 125 Thermal resistant environmental barrier Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr Hexavalent Chromium – 95 coating – 74 (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Armor-Piercing Projectiles – 44 THERMAL RESOURCES Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- A Smart Thermal Block Diagram TOKAMAK DEVICES struments to a Laboratory-Based Tool – 74 Design of a New Optical System for Method – 89 Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Di- THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES TOXICOLOGY agnostic – 172 Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis Examining the Uppermost Surface of the to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- TOMOGRAPHY Moon – 199 ploration – 52 Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomo- TOXINS AND ANTITOXINS Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous graphic Inversions Based on 3D Strain Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Cal- Green Tensor – 159 Environmental Technology Verification Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- culations into Cantera for Electrolyte So- Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- lutions – 38 the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 97 Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith and Under Conditions Artificially Per- Simulants – 197 turbed by HAARP – 113 TRACE CONTAMINANTS Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air THERMODYNAMICS TOPOGRAPHY Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Quality of the International Space Sta- Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for tion – 92 Fusion Application – 46 Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger TRACKING (POSITION) THERMOELECTRICITY Basin – 110 Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Tri- Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V- antimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity 57) Quadrangle, Venus – 108 25 Electrochemical Technique – 40 Tracking System – Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia TRACKING STATIONS THETA PINCH Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- A Global Approach to Delta Differential Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- ond Year Results and Third Year One-Way Range – 25 Reversed Configuration Geometry by Plan – 106 Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar 24 THICKNESS 2009 – 107 Reconnaissance Orbiter – Calibration of Faarfield Rigid Pavent De- Preliminary Geological Map of the For- TRAFFIC sign Procedure. Final Report – 6 tuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Ve- Airport Related Traffic and Mobile Emis- THIN FILMS nus – 107 sion Implications, August 2003 – 14 A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin- TOPOLOGY TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimen- Topological Combinatorics – 136 Overview and Software Architecture of tary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 the Copernicus Trajectory Design and GHz – 40 Topology Control Within the Airborne Network Backbone – 56 Optimization System – 26 THREAT EVALUATION TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION Critical Infrastructure Protection Pro- TOROIDAL PLASMAS gram: Strategy for 2009 and Be- Comment on ‘Paleoclassical Transport in Overview and Software Architecture of yond – 148 Low-Collisionality Toroidal Plasmas’ the Copernicus Trajectory Design and [Phys. Plasmas 12, 092512 Optimization System – 26 THREE BODY PROBLEM (2005)] – 177 Simulation and Application of GPOPS for Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- a Trajectory Optimization and Mission Body Problem and Space Mission De- TORQUE Planning Tool – 145 sign – 139 Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- TRANSDUCERS THRUST VECTOR CONTROL troller – 15 Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Control system for bearingless motor- Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 Displacement Transducers for High Tem- generator – 70 perature Irradiations in the Advanced THRUST Results and Analysis from Space Suit Test Reactor – 66 Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Joint Torque Testing – 23 TRANSFERRING Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 TORSION Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the TILT ROTOR AIRCRAFT Seismic Behavior of Circular Reinforced TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- MV-22B Osprey: A Strategic Leap For- Concrete Bridge Columns Under Com- Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- ward – 10 bined Loading Including Torsion. Fi- ways – 126 nal – 81 TIME DEPENDENCE TRANSISTORS Iterated Radau Method for Time- TORUSES Utilizing the Digital Fingerprint Methodol- Dependent PDE’s – 75 Columbia Non-Neutral Torus – 175 ogy for Secure Key Generation – 142

A-48 TRANSITION METALS ULTRASONIC TESTS VANADIUM ISOTOPES Electronic Structure of Transition Metal General Searches for New Particles. At- Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- Clusters, Actinide Complexes and Their las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Reactivities – 43 Progress Report – 104 ULTRASONICS Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra TRANSMISSION LOSS Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 Quiet Honeycomb Panels – 36 Using Advanced Signal Processing To- TRANSMITTER RECEIVERS gether with Phased Array Ultra- VANADIUM sound – 48 Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Lead Vanadate Precipitation Method for Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- the Recovery of Vanadium from Carbon- Tracking System – 25 periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- ate Leach Solutions – 39 ings – 129 TRANSMITTERS VARIABILITY Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle ULTRAVIOLET ASTRONOMY Long Term Examination of Intra-Session and Inter-Session Speaker Variabil- Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a ity – 57 with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- Range of Standard Model Accretion mitters – 193 Disks – 189 Long-Duration Drought Variability and Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case TRANSPORT VEHICLES UNCERTAIN SYSTEMS Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A tana USA – 117 Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Proof of Concept – 155 Status – 28 VARIANCE (STATISTICS) UNITED STATES Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- TRANSPORTATION Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The ance in GPS – 144 Audit of Information Security Program, 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the Department of Transportation – 184 VARIATIONS USA Census of Agriculture – 17 Intelligent Transportation Systems Data Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface The USA Strategic Command: A Cold Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and War Icon – 56 sition Technique – 182 Model Reanalysis Products – 118 National Transportation Safety Board Air- UNIVERSE Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- craft Accident Report: Loss of Control on Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at ance in GPS – 144 Approach, Colgan Air, Inc., Operating as the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 VENTILATION Continental Connection Flight 3407, UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS Anemometer Calibration Procedures. Bombardier DHC-8-400, N200WQ, Near Mine Safety and Health Handbook Se- Analysis of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Clarence Center, New York, on February ries – 94 12, 2009 – 3 System Designs for Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems – 11 International Space Station Crew Quar- TRIPLE STARS ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design Proposed Functional Architecture and Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and Implementation – 167 Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and mon Ground Control Station for Un- VENUS SURFACE 2009 – 191 manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- TRITIUM Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS (MATHEMAT- Thermal Modeling and Feedback Re- ICS) Progress Report – 104 quirements for LIFE Neutronic Simula- Rensselaer Component of the Terascale Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 tions – 171 Simulation Tools and Technologies. Final Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra TROPICAL REGIONS Report – 179 (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 Distribution and Radiative Forcing of URINE Preliminary Geological Map of the For- 115 Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – Contaminated water treatment – 131 tuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Ve- TROPICAL STORMS nus – 107 USER MANUALS (COMPUTER PRO- Design, Implementation and Operation of GRAMS) VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone COASTIRS (Coastal Information Re- CloudSat: the Cloud Profiling Radar Mis- 117 Hazard Model – trieval System) Library Users’ sion – 119 Manual – 183 TRUCKS VIBRATION TESTS Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imag- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic ing Inspection System Project – 71 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Test Approach and Results – 31 Corporate Average Fuel Economy Stan- the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: dards for MY 2005-2007 Light Trucks. User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air VIBRATION 124 Final Economic Assessment – 91 Quality Database (Version 1.0) – Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions of Plug-and-Play Sat I – 21 TUNABLE LASERS USER REQUIREMENTS Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, VIDEO COMMUNICATION Wireless Platform – 181 Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- TURBULENCE ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather TurbSim User’s Guide: Version 1.50. Re- VACUUM GAGES Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- vised August 26, 2009 for TurbSim Ver- Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather sion 1.50 – 1 bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 78 Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 ULTRAHIGH FREQUENCIES VACUUM VIRAL DISEASES Aquarius Reflector Surface Temperature States of the Vacuum: Summary of DE- Infectious Disease Risk Associated with Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 FG02-04ER46113 – 166 Space Flight – 126

A-49 VIRULENCE Corrosivity Literature and Data Review Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish Infectious Disease Risk Associated with for Demineralization Concentrate Man- (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- Space Flight – 126 agement Studies and Well Completion sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- Design – 41 sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage VIRUSES Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading Infectious Disease Risk Associated with WASTE MANAGEMENT and Water Level – 121 Space Flight – 126 Assessment of Dam Safety Coal Com- WATER RECLAMATION VISCOSITY bustion Surface Impoundments (Task 3) Final Report. PacifiCorp, Naughton Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Effects of Operating Jet Fuels Below the Power Station, Kemmerer, Wyo- opment: Early Results from the Explora- Specification Freeze Point Temperature ming – 95 tion Life Support Distillation Technology Limit – 15 Comparison Test – 131 Coal Combustion Waste Impoundment VOICE DATA PROCESSING Task 3 - Dam Assessment Report. John WATER TREATMENT Low Rate Speech Coding and Random E. Amos Plant (Site 26), Fly Ash Dam Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Bit Errors: A Subjective Speech Quality Complex, American Electric Power, St. opment: Early Results from the Explora- Matching Experiment – 59 Albans, West Virginia. Final Re- tion Life Support Distillation Technology Speaker Recognition on Lossy Com- port – 95 Comparison Test – 131 pressed Speech Using the Speex Co- Contaminated water treatment – 130 dec – 57 WASTE WATER Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Re- VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS opment: Early Results from the Explora- port – 39 Conversion Factors for Hydrocarbon tion Life Support Distillation Technology WATERSHEDS Emission Components, December 2005, Comparison Test – 131 NR-002c – 99 Regional Regression Equations for Esti- WATER CONSUMPTION mation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air Colorado – 156 Quality of the International Space Sta- Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction tion – 92 (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- WATER craft Water Quality – 133 Contaminated water treatment – 131 VOLCANOES Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- WATER DEPTH Development, Testing, and Failure etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, Proceedings: USA-Mexico Workshop on Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase TX, 2009 – 102 the Deepwater Physical Oceanography Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 of the Gulf of Mexico – 122 Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional Geologic Mapping – 109 Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- WATER FLOW ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in VOLCANOLOGY Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional the Unsaturated Zone – 140 Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Ocklawaha River Basin Rainfall Yield Geologic Mapping – 109 ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in the Unsaturated Zone – 140 Analysis – 122 VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked WATER MANAGEMENT Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Loops – 67 Corrosivity Literature and Data Review Special Emphasis on Responses of a for Demineralization Concentrate Man- WAFERS Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus agement Studies and Well Completion Loading and Water Level – 121 Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Design – 42 posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 37 WATER POLLUTION (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- WALLS Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Experiments on Electrically Controlled Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring 155 and Water Level – 121 sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 Shed – WAVE FRONTS High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- Towards a National Marine Pollution Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 Policy. Proceedings from a Workshop on Marine Pollution Policy. Held in Galilee, High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- Rhode Island on June 25-27, 1980 – 72 ing and Experiment – 173 tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding WAVE GENERATION for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- WATER QUALITY Quantification of Rock Damage from bris – 37 Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- Small Explosions and Its Effect on nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from WAR GAMES Shear-Wave Generation – 114 Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring AN-CASE NET-CENTRIC Modeling and Shed – 155 WAVEGUIDE LASERS Simulation – 158 Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum WARFARE (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Mission Impact of Cyber Events: Sce- craft Water Quality – 132 ence – 172 narios and Ontology to Express the Re- WAVEGUIDES lationships Between Cyber Assets, Mis- Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback sions, and Users – 183 Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in TARDEC Robotics – 150 Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver WASTE DISPOSAL Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With WAVELET ANALYSIS Closure Report for Corrective Action Unit Special Emphasis on Responses of a Intelligent Transportation Systems Data 139: Waste Disposal Sites, Nevada Test Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Site, Nevada – 98 Loading and Water Level – 121 sition Technique – 182

A-50 WAVE-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS Autonomous Measurements of Bridge WIRING Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Development of the Electric Wiring Inter- Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles Sensing Radio Transmitters – 57 connection System Risk Assessment with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- Tool – 68 WHISTLERS mitters – 193 WISCONSIN Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle WEAPON SYSTEMS Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Lessons From Army System Develop- with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- Special Emphasis on Responses of a ments. Volume 2: Case Studies – 12 mitters – 193 Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus WEATHER FORECASTING WHITE DWARF STARS Loading and Water Level – 121 Forecasting Lightning Threat Using WRF V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish 115 Proxy Fields – Range of Standard Model Accretion (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- Meteorological Satellite Center Technical Disks – 189 sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage WIDTH Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading The NASA Short-Term Prediction Re- Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced and Water Level – 121 search and Transition (SPoRT) Center: Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- WORLD WIDE WEB Opportunities for Collaboration in the copy (WIDECARS) – 50 Using Web 2.0 Techniques in NASA’s 119 Great Lakes Region – Ares Engineering Operations Network WEATHER WIND TURBINES (AEON) Environment - First Impres- Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- TurbSim User’s Guide: Version 1.50. Re- sions – 19 ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather vised August 26, 2009 for TurbSim Ver- X RAY ASTRONOMY Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- sion 1.50 – 1 Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather WIND VELOCITY and the Geometry of Accreting Black Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 Holes in the Hard State – 193 Meteorological Satellite Center Technical WEB SERVICES Note. No 54. 2010 – 118 X RAY ASTROPHYSICS FACILITY LambdaStation: Final Report – 165 New Observations of the Crab Nebula WINDPOWER UTILIZATION and Pulsar – 188 Real Distribution of Response Time In- Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in X RAY STARS stability in Service-Oriented Architec- the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 ture – 183 and the Geometry of Accreting Black WEBSITES WING SLOTS Holes in the Hard State – 193 NRL Fact Book – 53 Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic X RAY TELESCOPES Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray WEIGHTLESSNESS SIMULATION Section – 2 Telescopes – 173 C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- X RAYS tions – 128 WINGLETS CFD Analysis of Experimental Wing and All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations WELDED JOINTS Winglet for FalconLAUNCH 8 and the with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Development of Weld Inspection of the ExFIT Program – 12 tor – 188 Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Stage – 28 WINGS and the Geometry of Accreting Black CFD Analysis of Experimental Wing and Holes in the Hard State – 193 WELLS Winglet for FalconLAUNCH 8 and the New Observations of the Crab Nebula Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- ExFIT Program – 12 nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from and Pulsar – 188 Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring WIRELESS COMMUNICATION XENON Shed – 155 Reservation-Based Quality of Service New Electrostatically-Focused, UV HPD (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 for Liquid Xenon: A Direct Comparison Corrosivity Literature and Data Review with APD, PMT, SiPM in an Integrated for Demineralization Concentrate Man- Spectral Domain RF Fingerprinting for Database (08/15/05-08/14/07) – 194 agement Studies and Well Completion 802.11 Wireless Devices – 163 Design – 41 YAG LASERS Design and Demonstration of a Miniature WIRE WHARVES Lidar System for Rover Applica- Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Transition to J-STD-001DS: A Guide for tions – 58 Implementation. NASA Workmanship Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- YAW 71 Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Trans- Standards Program – Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching fer Summary – 58 Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2

A-51 Personal Author Index

Aalseth, Craig E Allan, James Arunajatesan, Srinivasan P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Million Query Track 2008 Over- A Framework for Integrated Component tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 view – 181 and System Analyses of Instabili- ties – 71 Abbott, Jamie Allen, T. R. Aquarius Reflector Surface Temperature Design of Radiation-Tolerant Structural Arzeno, Natalia M. Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 Alloys for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Abbott, Terry Systems – 47 Rhythm Problems During Space- flight – 127 Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Alsing, P. M. Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Interference Effects in a Photonic Crystal Aslam, Javed A Studies – 198 Cavity – 178 Million Query Track 2008 Over- Abel, E. view – 181 Amick, Ben Thermal Control System for a Small, Aulich, Ted R. Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and ence Platform – 29 of Training and Education for the Protec- tion of Workers – 134 Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Abreu, Denise A. Military – 52 Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The Amin, Alia Aumann, Hartmut H. 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging USA Census of Agriculture – 17 Autonomy on People’s Responses to Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Embodied Social Agents – 139 Abreu, N. P. Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Measurement and Simulation of the Amundson, James Resolution – 86 RHIC Abort Kicker Longitudinal Imped- Transverse Space Charge Effect Calcu- Babak, Stas ance – 162 lation in the Synergia Accelerator Model- The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Adams, David M. ing Toolkit – 161 tory, Status, Prospects – 194 Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Elec- Anderson, Molly S. tron Transfer – 164 Bailey, David H. Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture Solution to Monthly Problem Adams, III, William Walter Study Based on a High-Mobility Explora- 11410 – 135 Phytometric intelligence sensors – 134 tion Scenario – 200 Bailyn, Charles D. Adamson, Douglas Andersson, Daniel Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Polymerization method for formation of Contributions to the Stochastic Maximum and the Geometry of Accreting Black thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- Principle – 137 taining polymer – 37 Holes in the Hard State – 193 Anilao, Jennifer C Adlhoch, J. Baker, John Utilizing the Digital Fingerprint Methodol- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- ogy for Secure Key Generation – 142 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for tory, Status, Prospects – 194 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: Anthony, Theodore K. Baker, Marshalyn User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air A HFSS Simulation Analysis of a Thin- Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 Film Tunable Ferroelectric Complimen- ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth tary Split-Ring Resonator at 30 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of System’s Science Approach. Student GHz – 40 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Guide – 86 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Antonio, C. L. Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf Balasubramaniam, R. Methods and Models of the Hanford In- of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis ternal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA- to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- Ahuja, Vineet 860 – 97 A Framework for Integrated Component ploration – 52 and System Analyses of Instabili- Aprile, Elena Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- ties – 71 New Electrostatically-Focused, UV HPD gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 for Liquid Xenon: A Direct Comparison Aksay, Ilhan A. with APD, PMT, SiPM in an Integrated Balbyshev, Vsevolod Polymerization method for formation of Database (08/15/05-08/14/07) – 194 Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- mance Report (2008) – 9 taining polymer – 37 Aristeguieta, Carlos Ball, Jerry Albertson, Skip Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Current Meter Study for Agate, Port Or- 2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- chard, and Rich Passages – 73 Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- Alford, Lee while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Ar- lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- rangements – 35 Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 Arndt, Dickey Bankert, Richard L. Allahar, Kerry Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and mance Report (2008) – 9 Tracking System – 25 Implicit Physics – 116

B-1 Banks, Curtis E. Bean, Robert Peak Performance Through Nutrition and Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for Exercise – 128 ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Bennion, K. Monitoring – 80 (PBMR) – 170 Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- Bannon, Erika T. Bearinger, Jane F. hicles with Charge Control Technology in Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level Science and Technology Review June the Xcel Energy Territory – 65 Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math 2009 – 188 Benvegnu, Erika Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar Improving Timeliness and Reliability of Lander – 64 Bearinger, Jane P. Science and Technology Review Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- Barido, Richard A. July/August 2009 – 17 ronments with Mockets Communications Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Library – 150 Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Science and Technology Review Sep- tember 2009 – 162 Ben-Zvi, Ilan Status – 28 Quench Propagation in the HOM Barkay, Tamar Becker, Ray Damper of the 56 MHz Cavity – 165 Aquarius Reﬂector Surface Temperature Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of Berejnov, Viatcheslav Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sedi- Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 Screening and Crystallization Plates for ments – 43 Becker, Werner Manual and High-throughput Protein Barnes, Bruce New Observations of the Crab Nebula Crystal Growth – 178 and Pulsar – 188 Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Berg, J. F. Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- Beckermann, C. INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Re- port System – 133 Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders port – 39 Barrett, Paul E. and Pollution Reduction Technolo- Bergstrom, R. W. V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a gies – 35 Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- Range of Standard Model Accretion Beddingﬁeld, David spheric Aerosols – 192 Disks – 189 Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for Berman, D. C. Barry, John L the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Aerospace Integration, Not Separa- (PBMR) – 170 Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- tion – 5 Beeson, Harold D. tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger Bartus, Shane D Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid Basin – 110 Evaluation of Titanium-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- Bernevig, B. Andrei (Ti-5553) Alloy against Fragment and drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect in n-Doped Bulk 44 Armor-Piercing Projectiles – pound – 34 GaAs – 178 Baryshev, A. Behling, Thomas A. Bessee, Gary B. Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Analysis of Debris from Helicopters from Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- posites for Space Applications Using Pi- the Field – 53 ence – 172 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Best, Richard A., Jr. Baskinger, Patricia J. Beklen, E. AN-CASE NET-CENTRIC Modeling and Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues, All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations February 1, 2010 – 20 Simulation – 158 with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Bassler, J. A. tor – 188 Betts, W. NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Belle Hudischewskyj, A. Exploration – 196 gram – 200 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Bassler, Julie Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Beylkin, Gregory Robotic Lunar Lander Development the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: A New Representative for Small-Body Project Status – 29 Data Analysis – 123 Gravity Estimation – 195 Batalama, Stella N. Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Bhat, P. N. Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation CART Analysis of Modeling Episode tor – 188 Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds Days – 123 and Optimal Designs – 60 Bhatia, Tania Belvin, W. Keith Thermal resistant environmental barrier New Bounds on the Total-Squared- coating – 74 Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets Photogrammetric system and method and Optimal Designs – 61 used in the characterization of a struc- Biener, J. ture – 77 LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 Batalama, Stella ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dy- Benacquista, Matt Bierwagen, Gordon P. namic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- Radio Ad Hoc Networks – 61 tory, Status, Prospects – 194 mance Report (2008) – 9 Battocchi, Dante Benegnu, Erika Bihl, D. E. Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- Communications Middleware for Tactical Methods and Models of the Hanford In- mance Report (2008) – 9 Environments: Observations, Experi- ternal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA- ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 860 – 97 Baylor, L. R. Studies of Impurity Assimilation During Bennett, Tamara L. Bilinski, Michael Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- Force Health Protection: Nutrition and Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, D – 176 Exercise Resource Manual – 128 Wireless Platform – 180

B-2 Bird, L. Borowski, Stanley Briggs, M. Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations and Policy Design Considerations – 91 the Human Exploration of Mars – 19 with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- tor – 188 Bisher, Christian L. Borwein, Jonathan M. Verification of KAM Theory on Earth Or- Solution to Monthly Problem Brill, David R. biting Satellites – 185 11410 – 135 Calibration of Faarfield Rigid Pavent De- Bitter, Manfred Bostelman, R sign Procedure. Final Report – 5 Design of a New Optical System for Obstacle Detection using a TOF Range Brooks, E. Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Di- Camera for Indoor AGV Navigation – 76 Source Tilting Within the Difference For- agnostic – 172 Botchev, M. A. mulation for Radiation Transport – 160 Bjerke, Todd Numerical Integration of Damped Max- Brooks, Evan M. well Equations – 167 The Impact-Induced Triggering of Hot Estimating Characteristics of a Maneu- Spots in Energetic/Explosive Materials. Bottai, Giola S. vering Reentry Vehicle Observed by Mul- Part 2: Adiabatic Temperature Distribu- Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- tiple Sensors – 65 tion Near a Spherical Hole – 39 posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Brooks, N. H. Bjorklund, Michael ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Initial Study Comparing the Radiating Limit Theorems for Ergodic Group Ac- Bower, Chad E. Divertor Behavior Single-Null and 136 tions and Random Walks – Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D – 176 Bland, Scott M. Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math Bross, Alan Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Lander – 64 Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Boyce, J. M. Bleamaster, Leslie F., III Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Brown, Andrew M. Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Tooting – 105 Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, Boyd, Peter TX, 2009 – 102 Quantification of Rock Damage from Brown, Angela K. Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Small Explosions and Its Effect on Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Rhythm Problems During Space- flight – 127 Nili Fossae, Mars – 104 Boyer, Brian Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for Brown, Barbara Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Mars – 103 (PBMR) – 170 Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- Geologic Mapping of the Beta-Atla- Bozorgnia, F. print) – 21 Themis (BAT) Region of Venus: A Numerical Algorithms for Free Boundary Brown, C. Progress Report – 104 Problems of Obstacle Types – 135 High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Boedo, J. A. Bradley, Arthur T. for Inverse Compton Scattering- Studies of Impurity Assimilation During Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to Brown, Nelson D – 176 1 MHz – 68 Light-Emitting Diode Taxiway Edge Light Bogard, D. D. Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and Photometric Evaluation – 8 An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for Measurement of Wire-to-Wire GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of Crosstalk – 68 Broyan, James L., Jr. its Parent Body – 199 International Space Station Crew Quar- Brady, Sherman D. ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design Bond, T. C. Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Al- Implementation – 167 Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- ternative Salt Transfer Method for the spheric Aerosols – 192 Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the Bruce, Rebekah J. Oak Ridge National Laboratory – 42 Bonner, Jessie Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air Quality of the International Space Sta- Quantification of Rock Damage from Brady, Steven tion – 92 Small Explosions and Its Effect on Frequency Diverse Array Radar: Signal Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Characterization and Measurement Ac- Brueck, Scott E. curacy – 77 Boomsma, J. Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- General Searches for New Particles. At- Brainard, George 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 160 Photoreceptor System for Melatonin sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, Regulation and Phototherapy – 76 March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Border, James S. Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating A Global Approach to Delta Differential Braman, Julia M. B. Rooms – 100 One-Way Range – 24 Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based Brugarolas, Paul B. Boril, Hynek Robotic Control System – 152 Instrument Pointing Control System for Dialect Distance Assessment Based on the Stellar Interferometry Mission - 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and Brandes, J. Planet Quest – 30 Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 Interfacial Phenomena: Linking Atomistic and Macroscopic Properties: Theoretical Bryan, J. Born, George H. and Experimental Studies of the Struc- Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- A New Representative for Small-Body ture and Reactivity of Mineral Sur- hicles with Charge Control Technology in Gravity Estimation – 195 faces – 164 the Xcel Energy Territory – 65

B-3 Buchanan, Laurin Campbell, James R. Case, G. Mission Impact of Cyber Events: Sce- Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations narios and Ontology to Express the Re- Stratospheric Clouds at the South with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- lationships Between Cyber Assets, Mis- Pole – 112 tor – 188 sions, and Users – 183 Campion, Richard Caster, Raymond S. Buckley, John P. Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Slot Nozzle Effects for Reduced Sonic Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 Boom on a Generic Supersonic Wing 2 Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Cao, Chengyu Section – Military – 52 L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Catellier, Andrew A. Buckley, Tera D. Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Low Rate Speech Coding and Random Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and tion – 16 Bit Errors: A Subjective Speech Quality 59 Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Capesius, Joseph P. Matching Experiment – Military – 52 Regional Regression Equations for Esti- Cattafesta, Lou Bugby, D. mation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in A Framework for Integrated Component Colorado – 156 and System Analyses of Instabili- Thermal Control System for a Small, ties – 71 Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- Carbaugh, E. H. ence Platform – 29 Methods and Models of the Hanford In- Caunce, James ternal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA- Introduction to the General Campaign Buisson, James A 860 – 97 Analysis Model (GCAM). Version Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- 3.3 – 144 ance in GPS – 144 Cardimona, D. A. Interference Effects in a Photonic Crystal Cecere, Will Burken, John J. Cavity – 178 Census of Agriculture Non-Response Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- Methodology, 2007 – 181 timal Control Modification on an F-18 Carlberg, Jon A. Aircraft Model – 15 Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Al- Cederberg, Jeff ternative Salt Transfer Method for the Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- Burkins, Matthew Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- Development and Ballistic Testing of a Oak Ridge National Laboratory – 42 ogy – 179 New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard Carle, Steven F. Chadha, Ritu Steels Under Military Specification MIL- DTL-46100E – 44 Book Review Geostatistical Analysis of Enabling Distributed Management for Compositional Data – 156 Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 Bushnell, Dennis M. Carlson, H. A. Chahine, Moustafa T. Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging 84 phytes – Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2 Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Ap- Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Caro, A. proach – 51 Resolution – 86 Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- Fusion Application – 46 Chan, Stella ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 Systematic Review of the Effectiveness Carra, Claudio of Training and Education for the Protec- Buskens, Rick Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the tion of Workers – 134 Checking Model Specifications with TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- CrossCheck – 143 Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- Chanda, Michael ways – 126 Proposed Functional Architecture and SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Carrasquillo, Robyn ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- mon Ground Control Station for Un- tion Environment – 145 Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Buxton, Michelle M. Status – 28 Chaplin, V. Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Carroll, S. A. and the Geometry of Accreting Black with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Holes in the Hard State – 193 Effect of Solution Saturation State and tor – 188 Temperature on Diopside Dissolu- Cady, Scott M tion – 43 Chappell, Steven P. Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity International Space Station Crew Quar- Carter, Cambell D. ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design on Human Performance in Simulated Lu- Collisional Quenching of No Implementation – 167 nar Gravity – 134 A2sigma+(nu’= 0) Between 125 and 294 Caldwell, John L. (Postprint) – 54 Chekanov, S. General Searches for New Particles. At- Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Carter, Campbell D las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 160 of Fatigue – 154 Experiments on Electrically Controlled Chen, Genda Callahan, Michael R. Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Power Substation Under Earthquake Carter, Campbell D. opment: Early Results from the Explora- Loads – 80 tion Life Support Distillation Technology Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region Comparison Test – 131 of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow Chen, Jack (Postprint) – 54 Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 Camero-Arranz, A. All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Carterette, Ben Chen, Li with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Million Query Track 2008 Over- SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple tor – 188 view – 181 Fractional-N PLL – 143

B-4 Chen, Lilia Clifford, W. E. Combs, Vaughn Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Lead Vanadate Precipitation Method for Improving Timeliness and Reliability of 2008-0231-3105, West Virginia Univer- the Recovery of Vanadium from Carbon- Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- sity Hospital, Morgantown, West Virginia, ate Leach Solutions – 39 ronments with Mockets Communications March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Library – 150 Clowers, Kurt G. Noise Exposures in Hospital Operating Concannon, Brian M Rooms – 100 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of LOCO with a Shipboard Lidar – 75 Chen, Nannan the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Conger, Bruce Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 Clowers, Kurt Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Chen, Yuhui Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- Real Distribution of Response Time In- Simulators – 201 port System – 133 stability in Service-Oriented Architec- Cogliati, Joshua Connaughton, V. ture – 183 MRDAP User/Developer Documenta- All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Cherry, M. tion – 170 with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Cohen, B. A. tor – 188 with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- A High Resolution Microprobe Study of Connell, John W. tor – 188 EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 Photogrammetric system and method Chiang, Cho-Yu J. Principal Components Analysis of Re- used in the characterization of a struc- Enabling Distributed Management for flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- ture – 77 ration Rover Opportunity – 112 Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 Cook, Alison J. Chisholm, Bret J. Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map Exploration – 196 Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: mance Report (2008) – 9 Cohen, Barbara A. 1947-2009 – 124 Principal Components Analysis of Re- Choi, E. Cooper, Matthew W. flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars Development of a COTS Radioxenon Measurement and Simulation of the Exploration Rover Opportunity – 196 RHIC Abort Kicker Longitudinal Imped- Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- ance – 162 Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 the Regional Impact History of the SPA Chou, Shih-Feng Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks – 83 Corbel, Stephane Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Cohen, S. A. Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical and the Geometry of Accreting Black Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Materials – 14 Holes in the Hard State – 193 Reversed Configuration Geometry by Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk Christiansen, Eric L. Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- Coker, Robert F. ity – 192 tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding Pulling Marbles from a Bag: Deducing Corbel for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- the Regional Impact History of the SPA 37 bris – Basin from Impact-Melt Rocks – 83 Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and Chruscicki, Mary C. Coldren, Larry Ejection – 192 AN-CASE NET-CENTRIC Modeling and Phase-Locked Optical Generation of Simulation – 158 mmW/THz Signals – 67 Corbus, Dave Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in Chu, S.-Y. Colgate, S. the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys Rays – 190 Cordier, Guy R. (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future ing – 44 Collins, Michael Earth Sciences Missions – 84 Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for Chullen, Cinda the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Cornford, Steven L. Proposed Schematics for an Advanced (PBMR) – 170 Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- cisions – 187 port System – 133 Collins, Pieter J. Chaotic Dynamics in Hybrid Sys- Cornish, Neil Clare, Loren P. tems – 142 The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Performance Evaluation Modeling of tory, Status, Prospects – 194 Network Sensors – 158 Colozza, Anthony J. Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Corporan, E. Clark, Catherine H. Generation – 31 Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- Wireless Platform – 180 Comba, P. mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Scientific Cooperation Between Italy sions – 51 Clark, Timothy (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Cowley, Matthew Simulators – 201 Health Concern – 98 Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Simulators – 201 Clayson, C. A. Combi, J. Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders Cowley, S. C. Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and and Pollution Reduction Technolo- Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- Model Reanalysis Products – 117 gies – 35 netic Reconnection – 174

B-5 Cramer, Henriette Cucinotta, Francis Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Autonomy on People’s Responses to mation for the Augustine Committee Re- the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Embodied Social Agents – 139 view – 204 Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 Craven, Matthew Cucullu, Gordon Checking Model Specifications with Design and Implementation of the MSL Daw,J.E. CrossCheck – 143 Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable Displacement Transducers for High Tem- Crawford, S. L. Cupples, E. J. perature Irradiations in the Advanced General Searches for New Particles. At- Long Term Examination of Intra-Session Test Reactor – 66 las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 and Inter-Session Speaker Variabil- ity – 57 de Perio, Marie A. Creech, Steve Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Curreri, Peter A. Progress on Enabling Unprecedented 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- Payloads for Space in the 21st Cen- Development and Testing of High Sur- pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. tury – 185 face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- Evaluation of Potential Exposures during ide Electrolysis – 196 Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- Croes, Bart Optimized O’Neill/Glaser Model for Hu- facturing Plant – 101 Particulate Matter and Ozone Research man Population of Space and its Impact De Witt, John K. Program Review. Report of the Subcom- on Survival Probabilities – 131 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Research – 97 Cutler, Curt The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Cross, Cynthia d. tory, Status, Prospects – 194 DeGregoria, Anthony Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Gravity Gradiometry and Map Matching: Control and Life Support Ddevelopment Cyrus, Holly Light-Emitting Diode Taxiway Edge Light An Aid to Aircraft Inertial Navigation Sys- Status – 28 9 Photometric Evaluation – 8 tems – Cross, J. C. Dekome, Kent Daigle, Matthew Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- Tracking System – 25 Crowder, Jeff print) – 21 Dell, Robert F The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- D’Amico, Anita tory, Status, Prospects – 194 Solving the Pallet Loading Prob- Mission Impact of Cyber Events: Sce- lem – 157 Crown, D. A. narios and Ontology to Express the Re- Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, lationships Between Cyber Assets, Mis- Dell’Accio, Peter J. -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull sions, and Users – 183 Visually Managing IPsec – 146 Vallis Region, Mars – 110 Danehy, Paul M. Demerjian, Kenneth Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Photogrammetric system and method Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Geologic Mapping – 109 used in the characterization of a struc- Program Review. Report of the Subcom- ture – 77 mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Crown, David A. Research – 97 Geologic Mapping along the Arabia Terra Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced Dichotomy Boundary: Mawrth Vallis and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- Demmer, R. L. Nili Fossae, Mars – 104 copy (WIDECARS) – 50 INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Re- port – 39 Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Dauber, Cori E Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, The Goose and the Gander – 181 Derenne, S. Mars – 103 TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for Daugherty, W. L. Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Mapping Tyrrhena Patera and Hesperia Destructive Examination of Shipping Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final Planum, Mars – 103 Package 9975-02028 – 98 Report: Project Performance and Eco- Crum, Jeffrey D Daughtery, W. L. nomics – 93 Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- First Status Report: Testing of Aged Soft- Desantis, Lena ance in GPS – 144 wood Fiberboard Material for the 9975 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Cucinotta, F. A. Shipping Package – 47 Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation David, Philip Track Structure and Calculation of Dose Image-based Localization in Urban Envi- Dessler, Andrew E. Deposition in Nanovolumes – 203 ronments – 76 Distribution and Radiative Forcing of Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 Cucinotta, Francis A. Davis, Elizabeth C. NASA Self-Assessment of Space Radia- Overview and Software Architecture of Desy, K. tion Research – 202 the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Overview of the Graphical User Interface Optimization System – 26 Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based Davis-Noland, B. Risk Model) – 143 Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of 2009 – 88 Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Meteorological and Air Quality Data for TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: Deuster, Patricia A. Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air Force Health Protection: Nutrition and ways – 126 Quality Database (Version 1.0) – 124 Exercise Resource Manual – 128

B-6 Peak Performance Through Nutrition and Donovan, J. J. Health Hazard Evaluation Report: HETA- Exercise – 128 A High Resolution Microprobe Study of 2007-0344-3104, Cessna Aircraft Com- Deutsch, Leslie J. EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 pany, Wichita, Kansas, March 2010. Evaluation of Potential Exposures during Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space Dorrington, Adrian A. Composite Grinding at an Aircraft Manu- Network – 26 Photogrammetric system and method facturing Plant – 101 Dever, Timothy P. used in the characterization of a structure – 77 Durst, Philip C. Control system for bearingless motor- Nuclear Safeguards Considerations for generator – 70 Dougherty, John the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor DiAchille, G. Proposed Functional Architecture and (PBMR) – 170 Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- Dusl, John gion of Mars – 107 mon Ground Control Station for Un- manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Dibbern, Andreas W. Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid Dougherty, Robert P. Tracking System – 25 (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- Improved Phased Array Imaging of a Model Jet – 168 Dvorack, Mike A. drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A pound – 34 Douglas, S. G. Proof of Concept – 155 Diegert, Kathleen V. Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Eaton, Harry Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A Thermal resistant environmental barrier Proof of Concept – 155 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: Data Analysis – 123 coating – 74 Diem, S. J. Ebert, Doug Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- NSTX – 174 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: CART Analysis of Modeling Episode ings – 129 DiEsposti, Raymond S Days – 123 Eckhardt, Craig J. GPS and Relativity: An Engineering Experimental Investigation of the Role of Overview – 9 Dowell, Chad H. Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Defects in Detonation Sensitivity of En- Dindal, Amy Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- ergetic Materials: Development of Tech- Environmental Technology Verification struments to a Laboratory-Based niques for Characterization – 40 Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- Method – 89 Economou, Eleftherios N num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96 Drager, Steven SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 Dinderman, Michael A. ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- Edmundson, K. Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic tion Environment – 145 New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Organics with Novel Mesoporous Orga- gion of Mars – 103 nosilicas – 35 Dubon, Lydia P. Zero to Integration in Eight Months, the Edmunson, J. Ding, Lei Dawn Ground Data System Engineering ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dy- NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- Challenge – 18 200 namic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive gram – Radio Ad Hoc Networks – 61 Dudik, Matthew J. Efthimion, P. C. Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- DiPlacido, Julee Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate Proposed Functional Architecture and Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the NSTX – 174 Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- mon Ground Control Station for Un- graph – 189 Egan, Richard manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Proposed Functional Architecture and Duffy, Farifteh Dixit, S. Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- A Comprehensive Approach in Dissemi- Effect of Solution Saturation State and mon Ground Control Station for Un- nation of Evidence-Based Care for manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Temperature on Diopside Dissolu- PTSD – 130 tion – 43 Eick, Stephen Dulchavsky, Scott A. Dobranich, Dean Highly Scalable, UDP-Based Network On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Transport Protocols for Lambda Grids Solar Mechanics Thermal Response Ca- on International Space Station – 129 pabilities – 190 and 10 GE Routed Networks. DOE/MICS Dulchavsky, Scott Final Project Report. September 2004 - Dobrokhodov, Vladimir Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- September 2006 – 166 L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- Elhakeem, M. Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- ings – 129 tion – 16 Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Durden, Stephen L. Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Dodge, Kyle CloudSat: the Cloud Profiling Radar Mis- Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Trans- A Smart Thermal Block Diagram sion – 119 fer Summary – 58 Tool – 74 Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Dodson, Karen E. Durgam, Srinivas Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Over Batch Analysis for the LLNL DOE- Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Sensing Radio Transmitters – 57 STD-3013 Packaging System – 79 2007-0331-2100, Erachem Comilog, Inc., New Johnsonville, Tennessee, El-Kady, Ihab Dohm, J. M. January 2010. Evaluation of Potential Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Exposures at an Electrolytic Manganese lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- Half Way Done – 106 Dioxide Processing Plant – 90 ogy – 179

B-7 Ellingson, W. A. Fallu-Labruyere, Anthony Fikes, J. Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor Development of a COTS Radioxenon NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- gram – 200 gether with Phased Array Ultra- tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 Fincke, Renita sound – 48 Fan, Liang-Tseng Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Ellis, M. Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- Exercise Fixture with Weight Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at crete Maximum Principle – 153 Stack – 125 the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 Fan, Zhiqiang Finger, M. Elmasry, George F. Modeling of Laser Cladding with Applica- All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Reservation-Based Quality of Service tion to Fuel Cell Manufacturing – 33 with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 tor – 188 Farmer, J. Elsea, Jennifer K. Thermal Control System for a Small, Fisch, N. J. Satellite Surveillance: Domestic Issues, Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical February 1, 2010 – 20 ence Platform – 29 Hall Thrusters – 65 Elsner, Ronald f. Farrington, John W. Fitzpatrick, F. A. New Observations of the Crab Nebula NOAA’s Education Program: Review and Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver and Pulsar – 188 Critique – 18 Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Emery, K. Special Emphasis on Responses of a Feather, Martin S. Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Uncertainty Analysis of Certified Photo- Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- Loading and Water Level – 121 voltaic Measurements at the National cisions – 187 Renewable Energy Laboratory – 89 Flaherty, Joseph E. Feder, Michael A. Enblom, Andreas Rensselaer Component of the Terascale NOAA’s Education Program: Review and Simulation Tools and Technologies. Final Properties of the Discrete and Continu- Critique – 18 Report – 179 ous Spectrum of Differential Opera- tors – 138 Fedorov, G. Flanders, W. Dana Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Engel, Jonathan Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 225 K – 161 struments to a Laboratory-Based Engelund, Walter Feiverson, Alan Method – 89 Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Fliegel, Henry F 19 the Human Exploration of Mars – on International Space Station – 129 GPS and Relativity: An Engineering Engstrom, Alexander Overview – 9 Feldman, Stuart Topological Combinatorics – 136 Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Flint, Stephanie M. Erhart, P. the Human Exploration of Mars – 19 Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for Fender, Rob Fusion Application – 46 craft Water Quality – 132 Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Ervin, J. and the Geometry of Accreting Black Flynn, Michael T. Effects of Operating Jet Fuels Below the Holes in the Hard State – 193 Contaminated water treatment – 130 Specification Freeze Point Temperature Fenstermacher, M. E. Foltz, M. F. Limit – 14 Initial Study Comparing the Radiating Aging of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Erwin, James Divertor Behavior Single-Null and (PETN) – 41 A Framework for Integrated Component Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D – 176 Fonck, R. J. and System Analyses of Instabili- Fernandez, Salvador M. U.S. Burning Plasma Organization Activi- ties – 71 Cytometer on a chip – 125 ties – 176 Evers, Vanessa Fonnesbeck, J. E. Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Fernandez, Vicente I. Development and Application of Distrib- INL Bettis Water Treatment Project Re- Autonomy on People’s Responses to port – 39 Embodied Social Agents – 139 uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for AUV Object Avoidance – 25 Fore, Samantha Ezell, David Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- Development of Weld Inspection of the Fernando, Emmanual Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper bunching – 167 Stage – 28 structive Testing Procedures for Both De- sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- Forman, Leon Ezick, James tion – 80 Thermal Neutron Imaging in an Active Checking Model Specifications with Interrogation Environment – 165 CrossCheck – 143 Ferraro, Christopher Development of Design Parameters for Fortezzo, C. M. Faber, James J. Mass Concrete Using Finite Element Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Man- Analysis – 49 lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 agement Research Test and Integration and -25007 – 104 Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Op- Fievisohn, Robert T. portunities – 11 Numerical Investigation of Pre-Detonator Fortezzo, C. Geometries for PDE Applications – 153 New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Fagre, Daniel B. gion of Mars – 103 Long-Duration Drought Variability and Figueroa, Fernando Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case Integrated System Health Management: Fowler, T. Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- Pilot Operational Implementation in a Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic tana USA – 117 Rocket Engine Test Stand – 151 Rays – 190

B-8 Fox, K. M. Garren, Steven T. Gilliam, David P. Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and Evaluating the Asymptotic Limits of the Security Risks: Management and Mitiga- Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste Delete-a-Group Jackknife for Model tion in the Software Life Cycle – 147 Glass – 119 Analyses – 154 Giordano, Thomas J. Franzl, Richard Garrison, D. H. Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid Integrated System Health Management: An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- Pilot Operational Implementation in a GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- Rocket Engine Test Stand – 151 its Parent Body – 199 pound – 34 Frayne, C. Gaskin, Jessica Giurgiutiu, Victor Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Damage Assessment of Structures an Air formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Force Office of Scientific Research mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Studies – 198 Structural Mechanics Perspective – 13 sions – 51 Gazda, Daniel B. Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Frisbee, Robert H. Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Evaluation of High-Power Solar Electric (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Propulsion using Advanced Ion, Hall, craft Water Quality – 132 Glasser, A. H. MPD, and PIT Thrusters for Lunar and Gazonas, George A Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Mars Cargo Missions – 32 Anisotropic Effective Moduli of Microc- Reversed Configuration Geometry by Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Ganguli, Anurag rack Damaged Media – 177 Topology Control Within the Airborne Geissler, P. E. Glassman, Matthew E. Network Backbone – 56 Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Social Networking and Constituent Com- Geologic Mapping – 109 munications: Member Use of Twitter Dur- Ganguly, Biswa N. ing a Two-Month Period in the 111th Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Geldzahler, Barry J. Congress, February 3, 2010 – 59 sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 Network – 26 Glauser, M. N. Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Gao, Bo-Cai Genseberger, Menno Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2 Distribution and Radiative Forcing of Improving the Parallel Performance of a Gleyzer, Anshel Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 Domain Decomposition Preconditioning Technique in the Jacobi-Davidson Development of a COTS Radioxenon Gao, J. R. Method for Large Scale Eigenvalue Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Problems – 141 tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Glickman, Gena ence – 172 Gernhardt, Michael L. Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity Photoreceptor System for Melatonin Gao, Jay L. on Human Performance in Simulated Lu- Regulation and Phototherapy – 76 Performance Evaluation Modeling of nar Gravity – 134 Gmachl, Claire Network Sensors – 158 EVA Physiology, Systems and Perfor- High-Efficiency and High-Power Mid- Gao, Kanke mance [EPSP] Project – 127 Wave Infrared Cascade Lasers – 64 Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Godley, Franklin Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Garbeil, H. Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Topography of the Martian Impact Crater Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Tooting – 105 Gerrigno, Jane G. Crosstalk – 68 Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map Garcia, Kathleen M. Godley, Richard Franklin of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography 1947-2009 – 124 on International Space Station – 129 Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Ghosn, Louis J. Crosstalk – 68 Garcia, Kathleen Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain Godon, Patrick Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- Ceramics – 48 periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a ings – 129 Gibson, D. Range of Standard Model Accretion Disks – 189 High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Garcia, Robert M. for Inverse Compton Scattering- Gokoglu, S. A. LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on Giedd, J. to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- ploration – 52 Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- hicles with Charge Control Technology in Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- Gardner, P. the Xcel Energy Territory – 65 gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorp- tion Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO Giese, S. R. Golabek, D. on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces – 41 Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges and Pollution Reduction Technolo- with Double Composite Action – 82 Garmestani, H. gies – 35 Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Gomez, G. Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys Gilbert, Logan Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Body Problem and Space Mission De- ing – 44 tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 sign – 139

B-9 Gomez, Reynaldo J., III Grant, J. A. Groth, M. Parallel CFD Supporting NASA’s Space Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and High Performance Plasma Operation on Operations Mission Directorate – 73 the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- DIII-D During Extended Periods Without tem – 106 Boronization – 177 Gonzalez-Pinto, S. Graumlich, Lisa J. Initial Study Comparing the Radiating Iterated Radau Method for Time- Divertor Behavior Single-Null and Dependent PDE’s – 75 Long-Duration Drought Variability and Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D – 176 Gooch, William Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- Guarino, V. tana USA – 117 Development and Ballistic Testing of a DC 12m Telescope Preliminary Calcula- New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard Gray, Lucinda tions Investigation of Elevation Axis Po- Steels Under Military Specification MIL- Educational Technology in Public School sition – 173 DTL-46100E – 44 Districts: Fall 2008. First Look – 136 Gubarev, Mikhail Goodall, John Gray, Stephen R. Metrology Requirements of Future X-Ray Mission Impact of Cyber Events: Sce- Long-Duration Drought Variability and Telescopes – 173 narios and Ontology to Express the Re- Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case lationships Between Cyber Assets, Mis- Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- Guerci, Joseph R. sions, and Users – 183 tana USA – 117 Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 Goodrich, Charlie Green, Paul E. Analysis of Data from the Thermal Imag- Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Performance (Preprint) – 69 Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- ing Inspection System Project – 71 print) – 21 Greene, Benjamin Guest, J. E. Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 Gorbenko, Anatoliy Review of Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid (AKGA) Hydrazine and Monomethylhy- Real Distribution of Response Time In- Ha, Taegyun drazine (MMH) Neutralizing Com- The UAV Continuous Coverage Prob- stability in Service-Oriented Architec- pound – 34 ture – 183 lem – 12 Greenwald, Martin Hada, Megumi Gormly, Sherwin J. Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for Contaminated water treatment – 130 LHCD Experiments – 171 Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Goto, Y. Gregg, T. K. P. Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- Proceedings of RIPKEN BNL Research Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary ways – 126 Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Center Workshop (Volume 93) PHENIX Hadynski, Gregory Quadrangle – 102 Spinfest School 2009 at BNL. July 01 - Enabling Distributed Management for 163 July 31, 2009 – Gregory, Don Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Gougar, Hans D. Reservation-Based Quality of Service Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Results of a Neutronic Simulation of (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 Studies – 198 HTR-Proteus Core 4.2 Using PEBBED Gregory, Irene M. Topology Control Within the Airborne and Other INL Reactor Physics Tools: Network Backbone – 56 FY09 Report – 169 L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Haeberli, Willy Graff, Michael E. tion – 16 Development of a Hydrogen and Deute- Development of a Remotely Operated Gressel, Michael G. rium Polarized Gas Target for Application Autonomous Satellite Tracking Sys- in Storage Rings – 163 tem – 20 Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- Hahn, H. Graff, Paige Valderrama struments to a Laboratory-Based Measurement and Simulation of the Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Method – 89 RHIC Abort Kicker Longitudinal Imped- ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Griffin, Brand Norman ance – 162 System’s Science Approach. Student Lunar Daylight Exploration – 198 Guide – 86 Hall, Timothy S. Griffin, Brian J. Orbit Maneuver for Responsive Cover- Graff, Trevor Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- age Using Electric Propulsion – 26 Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- timal Control Modification on an F-18 Halverson, Peter G. ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Aircraft Model – 15 Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- System’s Science Approach. Student Grinfeld, Michael ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate Guide – 86 The Impact-Induced Triggering of Hot (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Grandhi, Ramana V. Spots in Energetic/Explosive Materials. Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Part 2: Adiabatic Temperature Distribu- graph – 189 tion Near a Spherical Hole – 39 rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Hamilton, Douglas R. Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- Grip, Rasmus L. On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography tural Health Monitoring – 82 Mechanical Model of an Axial Piston Ma- on International Space Station – 129 chine – 78 Granki, Ramana V. Hammer, Fred J. Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Grossman, Robert Achieving Operability via the Mission rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Highly Scalable, UDP-Based Network System Paradigm – 146 Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- Transport Protocols for Lambda Grids Minimized Structural Design and Assess- and 10 GE Routed Networks. DOE/MICS Hammond, M. S. ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Final Project Report. September 2004 - Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and (RLVs) – 4 September 2006 – 166 Exploration – 196

B-10 Hammond, Monica Hart, Mark M. Hecht, Sharon Robotic Lunar Lander Development Ultra Safe and Secure Blasting Sys- C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- Project Status – 29 tem – 63 tions – 128 Haney, J. L. Hartkopf, William I. Hedman, Troy Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: 2009 – 191 for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Data Analysis – 123 bris – 37 Hartman, William Hegde, U. Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Observed Coupling Between the Interna- Meteorological and Air Quality Data for tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a Heating-Rate-Coupled Model for Hydro- the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 4: FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the gen Reduction of JSC-1A – 199 CART Analysis of Modeling Episode Geomagnetic Field – 23 Heller, Richard S. Days – 123 Hartse, Hans E. Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Generation – 31 Hankins, T. mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- Yield – 101 Heltsley, Fred L. formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- Plume Visualization of Orion Launch mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Hartsoch, N. Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using sions – 51 Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Background-Oriented Schlieren – 3 Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- Henderson, Rogene Hanna, James lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil Communications Middleware for Tactical Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Environments: Observations, Experi- 2009 – 88 Program Review. Report of the Subcom- ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Harvey, Ralph Research – 97 Improving Timeliness and Reliability of Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- Hendricks, Robert C. Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary ronments with Mockets Communications Atmospheric and Soil Carbon and Halo- Studies – 198 Library – 150 phytes – 84 Harvil, Lauren Hansen, John H Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Ap- Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity proach – 51 Dialect Distance Assessment Based on Simulators – 201 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and Particulate Emissions Hazards Associ- Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 Hatfield, Walter ated with Fueling Heat Engines – 51 Test Token Driven Acoustic Balancing for Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Hendricks, Roberts C. Sparse Enrollment Data in Cohort GMM Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- Computational Analysis of Dynamic Speaker Recognition – 168 print) – 21 SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector Performance – 50 Hansen, Scott Hawk, John Hendry, Steve Development, Testing, and Failure Computational Flame Characterization of Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 PRINT) – 7 Henney, Chris Harari, R. Hawkins-Reynolds, Ebony Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Scientific Cooperation Between Italy tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention Development, Fabrication, and Testing of of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Ex- Hennig, Wolfgang Health Concern – 98 changer for Constellation Space- Development of a COTS Radioxenon crafts – 27 Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- Harding, Adam tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 Working at NASA – 194 Hayward, R. K. New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Henricks, R. C. Hare, T. M. gion of Mars – 103 Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- He, T. mance Part B: Combustor Emis- ond Year Results and Third Year Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorp- sions – 51 Plan – 106 tion Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces – 41 Hepp, Aloysius F. Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Half Way Done – 106 Head, J. W. Generation – 31 Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- Herriges, Darrell L tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for 2009 – 107 Aerospace Integration, Not Separa- Tectonic and Volcanic History of the tion – 5 Hare, T. North Polar Region of Venus – 109 Hertel, L. Geologic Mapping of Athabasca Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V- Valles – 105 57) Quadrangle, Venus – 108 Comprehensive Solar Energy Power System for the Turkey Lake Service Harris, D. W. Preliminary Geological Map of the For- Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and tuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Ve- Study – 87 Exploration – 196 nus – 107 Hesler, J. L. Harrison, Joycelyn S. Head, James W., III Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Polymer Matrices – 48 (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 ence – 172

B-11 Hill, . M. Holman, Michael Hubeny, Ivan Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Elec- V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size tron Transfer – 164 Range of Standard Model Accretion Regimes – 22 Disks – 189 Hong, T Hill, Dennis Obstacle Detection using a TOF Range Huber, M. L. Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Camera for Indoor AGV Navigation – 76 Computational Analysis of Dynamic Test Approach and Results – 31 SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector Horne, S. Performance – 50 Hill, L. A. Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- Huff, Janice L. Exploration – 196 lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Hill, R. L. Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- Methods and Models of the Hanford In- 2009 – 88 ways – 126 ternal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA- Horstman, M. 860 – 97 Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- Huggins, J. C. Hinchey, Michael G. tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Lead Vanadate Precipitation Method for Automata learning algorithms and pro- Regimes – 22 the Recovery of Vanadium from Carbon- ate Leach Solutions – 39 cesses for providing more complete sys- Hossbach, Todd W tems requirements specification by sce- P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Huggins, Mark nario generation, CSP-based syntax- tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Cellular Class Encoding Approach to In- oriented model construction, and R2D2C creasing Efficiency of Nearest Neighbor system requirements transforma- Hou, Stephen M. Searching – 60 tion – 145 Development and Application of Distrib- Hull, Ethan L Hinkle, Jon uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for AUV Object Avoidance – 25 P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- Hovakimyan, Naira Humphrey, R. neering Development Unit – 186 L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Transition to J-STD-001DS: A Guide for Hinton, G. Derrick Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- tion – 16 Implementation. NASA Workmanship Infrared Countermeasures Test and Standards Program – 71 Evaluation – 53 Hovenier, J. N. Hundley, Jason Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Hirschmugl, C. J. Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorp- the Human Exploration of Mars – 19 tion Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO ence – 172 on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces – 41 Hurlebaus, Stefan Hover, Franz S. Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- Hiserote, Ryan M. Development and Application of Distrib- structive Testing Procedures for Both De- Analysis of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- System Designs for Small Unmanned AUV Object Avoidance – 25 tion – 80 Aircraft Systems – 11 Hu, Hyejung Hurley, John P. Hodson, Shame M. Effectiveness of Traveler Information Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and Tools – 62 Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Military – 52 Crosstalk – 68 Hu, Q. Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Hurst, Victor Hodson, Shane M. Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and 225 K – 161 periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- Measurement of Wire-to-Wire ings – 129 Crosstalk – 68 Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Hurwitz, D. M. Hoehn, Alexander ence – 172 Geologic Map of the Snegurochka Plani- Phytometric intelligence sensors – 134 Hu, Qing tia Quadrangle (V-1): Implications for Tectonic and Volcanic History of the Hoffman, E. N. 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum- North Polar Region of Venus – 109 Lifetime Predictions for Model 9975 Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal O-Rings in KAMS – 32 Design – 173 Huser, Thomas Hogye, Michael Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- Searching for Donors: Refining an Impu- Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- tation Strategy – 135 Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 bunching – 167 Hollars, Christopher W. Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Hutsell, Steven T Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- Huang, Shih K. plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- ance in GPS – 144 bunching – 167 Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- Hwang, Ching-Lai Hollister, R. charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- NDA Batch Data Report 2007-17 – 202 crete Maximum Principle – 153 Huang, X. Hollman, E. M. Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Hyatt, A. W. Studies of Impurity Assimilation During Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles High Performance Plasma Operation on Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- DIII-D During Extended Periods Without D – 176 mitters – 193 Boronization – 177

B-12 Initial Study Comparing the Radiating James, Ryan Jiang, Junhua Divertor Behavior Single-Null and Environmental Technology Verification Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D – 176 Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- Military – 52 Hynek, B. M. munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96 Geologic Mapping of the Meridiani Re- Johansson, Leif gion of Mars – 107 Jamnejad, Vahraz Phase-Locked Optical Generation of A Study of Near to Far Fields of JPL mmW/THz Signals – 67 Iliasov, Alexei Deep Space Network (DSN) Antennas Johnson, F. Fault Tolerance Reuse During Refine- for RFI Analysis – 63 ment – 138 Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Jamriska, Milan Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys Iltchenko, Vladimir S. Aerosol Penetration Through Protective (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- Differential temperature sensor system Fabrics – 133 ing – 44 and method – 70 Jansen, Ralph H. Johnson, Mark E. Im, Eastwood Control system for bearingless motor- Design, Implementation and Operation of CloudSat: the Cloud Profiling Radar Mis- generator – 70 a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone sion – 119 Hazard Model – 117 Janz, Scott Inada, Naohisa Johnson, Robert Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO print) – 21 from the Third Data Release Quasar CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- Lens Catalog – 195 tion – 27 Johnson-Throop, Kathy A. Ingram, JoAnne L. Jarnot, Robert F. IT Challenges for Space Medicine or Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and How do We Protect Medical Information Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary and Still Get Useful Work Done? – 126 coating system using same – 37 Science Missions – 189 Irwin, R. P., III Johnson-White, Brandy Jeck, Richard K. Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and Models and Characteristics of Freezing the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- Organics with Novel Mesoporous Orga- Rain and Freezing Drizzle for Aircraft nosilicas – 35 tem – 106 Icing Applications – 4 Johnston, R. K. Irwin, R. Jedlovec, Gary Current Meter Study for Agate, Port Or- Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- chard, and Rich Passages – 73 Half Way Done – 106 tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- Johnstone, Peter Isaly, Laura A. ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- Augmenting Latent Dirichlet Allocation Jee, Soo-chan old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya and Rank Threshold Detection with On- Development of Morphing Aircraft Struc- who use LED Lamps – 88 tologies – 184 ture Using SMP – 4 Jones, Brandon A. Ivanov, M. A. Jeevarajan, Judith A New Representative for Small-Body Geological Map of the Fredegonde (V- Performance and Safety Tests of Gravity Estimation – 195 57) Quadrangle, Venus – 108 Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Preliminary Geological Map of the For- Design Configuration – 65 Jones, Jeffrey A. tuna Tessera (V-2) Quadrangle, Ve- Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Jellema, W. nus – 107 Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Jackson, G. L. Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- High Performance Plasma Operation on ence – 172 Jones, Thomas W. DIII-D During Extended Periods Without Photogrammetric system and method Jenke, P. Boronization – 177 used in the characterization of a struc- All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations ture – 77 Jackson, Lori with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- tor – 188 Jonkman, B. J. mation for the Augustine Committee Re- TurbSim User’s Guide: Version 1.50. Re- Jenkins, J. Steven view – 204 vised August 26, 2009 for TurbSim Ver- Intertwining Risk Insights and Design De- sion 1.50 – 1 Jacobson, Arne cisions – 187 Joshi, Shiv P. Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- Jennings, Esther H. old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- who use LED Lamps – 88 Performance Evaluation Modeling of posites for Space Applications Using Pi- Network Sensors – 158 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Jaeger, W. L. Jerman, Gregory Joslyn, Thomas B. Geologic Mapping of Athabasca Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Valles – 105 Charging Effects on Fluid Stream Drop- Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary lets for Momentum Exchange Between Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Studies – 198 Spacecraft – 17 Geologic Mapping – 109 Jernigan, T. C. Jovanovic, I. Jain, Manoj Studies of Impurity Assimilation During High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Reservation-Based Quality of Service Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- for Inverse Compton Scattering- (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 D – 176 Produced Gamma-Rays – 174

B-13 Jovecolon, C. F. Karlmann, Paul B. Kiepert, Josh Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Cal- ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical culations into Cantera for Electrolyte So- (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Materials – 14 lutions – 38 Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Kim, Myung-Hee Y. graph – 189 Juckem, P. F. Overview of the Graphical User Interface Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish Karlsson, Johan for the GERMcode (GCR Event-Based (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- Inverse Problems in Analytic Interpola- Risk Model) – 143 sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- tion for Robust Control and Spectral Es- Kim, Myung-Hee sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage timation – 137 Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading Kascak, Peter E. mation for the Augustine Committee Re- and Water Level – 121 Control system for bearingless motor- view – 204 generator – 70 Justh, Hilary L. Kin, K. C. Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- Kaul, Anupama B. Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region 111 GRAM – Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow Justus, C. G. bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 77 (Postprint) – 54 Modeling Martian Dust Using Mars- Kelley, Michael S. King, Jason GRAM – 111 Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Kaaret, Philip etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 TX, 2009 – 102 Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- and the Geometry of Accreting Black Kelly, John Minimized Structural Design and Assess- ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Holes in the Hard State – 193 Proposed Functional Architecture and (RLVs) – 4 Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- mon Ground Control Station for Un- Kingery, Trent ity – 192 manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Proposed Functional Architecture and Kelly, Michael P. Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Kafesaki, Maria mon Ground Control Station for Un- GSFC Safety and Mission Assurance Or- Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- manned Aircraft Systems – 10 nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 ganization – 5 Kirby, K. W. Kelly, Ralph Kahr, Joseph R. Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Methods for Treating Congestive Heart Achieving Operability via the Mission Exploration – 196 System Paradigm – 146 Failure – 125 Klapwijk, T. M. Kemper, Nicander Kalemci, Emrah Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Autonomy on People’s Responses to and the Geometry of Accreting Black ence – 172 Holes in the Hard State – 193 Embodied Social Agents – 139 Klein, B. Kennedy, Edward J. Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions ity – 192 ence – 172 and Under Conditions Artificially Per- Kalemci turbed by HAARP – 113 Klein, Derek Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A Keszthelyi, L. P. Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical Geologic Mapping of Athabasca Ejection – 192 Materials – 14 Valles – 105 Kalinin, Yevgeniy Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Klein, Randal Screening and Crystallization Plates for Geologic Mapping – 109 Environmental Assessment: Proposed Manual and High-throughput Protein Seat and Canopy Staging Building, Hill Crystal Growth – 178 Khalili, Aram Air Force Base, Utah – 6 Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Kaminer, Isaac Klos, Jacob tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Quiet Honeycomb Panels – 36 Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Kharchenko, Vyacheslav tion – 16 Real Distribution of Response Time In- Knecht, William stability in Service-Oriented Architec- Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- Kane, Matt ture – 183 ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- of Fatigue – 154 Khattak, Asad J. lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather Effectiveness of Traveler Information Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 Kang, Bryan Tools – 62 Instrument Pointing Control System for Knepp, Dennis L. the Stellar Interferometry Mission - Khosropanah, P. Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Planet Quest – 30 Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- and Under Conditions Artificially Per- Kanoulas, Evangelos ence – 172 turbed by HAARP – 113 Million Query Track 2008 Over- view – 181 Kibert, C. Knudson, D. L. Comprehensive Solar Energy Power Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable Karasalo, Maja System for the Turkey Lake Service Displacement Transducers for High Tem- Data Filtering and Control Design for Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility perature Irradiations in the Advanced Mobile Robots – 151 Study – 87 Test Reactor – 66

B-14 Ko, Jinseok Krisko, P. H. Landsman, A. S. Design of a New Optical System for Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- Stochastic Ion Heating in a Field- Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Di- tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Reversed Conﬁguration Geometry by agnostic – 172 Regimes – 22 Rotating Magnetic Fields – 175 Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for Krylo, Robert Lang, Jeffrey H. LHCD Experiments – 171 Design and Implementation of the MSL Development and Application of Distrib- Kochanek, Christopher S. Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens AUV Object Avoidance – 25 Kumar, P. Senthil Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Lange, Kevin E. Geological Mapping of the Lada Terra from the Third Data Release Quasar Lunar Outpost Life Support Architecture (V-56) Quadrangle, Venus – 109 Lens Catalog – 195 Study Based on a High-Mobility Explora- Koehl, E. R. Kumar, S. tion Scenario – 200 Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Lardieri, Patrick Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- gether with Phased Array Ultra- 225 K – 161 ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- sound – 48 Kumar, Sujay V. tion Environment – 145 Koelfgen, Syri J. Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Larson, Shane Using the Integrated Vehicle Health Man- Temperature Observations into Land The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- agement Research Test and Integration Surface Models – 114 tory, Status, Prospects – 194 Plan Wiki to Identify Synergistic Test Op- portunities – 11 Kumar, Sushil Lathrop, James R 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum- P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Kolb, E. J. Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Design – 173 Half Way Done – 106 Laughlin, D. E. Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based Kollie, Thomas G. Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Al- Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- ternative Salt Transfer Method for the Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 ing – 44 Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory – 42 Kunamaneni, Krishna Laurence, Ted A. Counting Constituents in Molecular Com- Koon, W. S. How to Take HRMS Process Manage- ment to the Next Level with Workﬂow plexes by Fluorescence Photon Anti- Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- bunching – 167 Body Problem and Space Mission De- Business Event System – 144 Lawrence, Adrian sign – 139 Kung, H. T. Development of Design Parameters for Koontz, Steven L. Assured Wireless Networking: Peer- Mass Concrete Using Finite Element Observed Coupling Between the Interna- Based Validation via Spectral Cluster- Analysis – 49 tional Space Station PCU Plasma and a ing – 159 FPMU Langmuir Probe Facilitated by the Lawson, A. D. Kuroiwa, Yohei Geomagnetic Field – 23 Long Term Examination of Intra-Session A Parameterization of Positive Real Resi- and Inter-Session Speaker Variabil- Koschny, Thomas due Interpolants with McMillan Degree ity – 57 Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- Constraint – 138 nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 Speaker Recognition on Lossy Com- Kwong-Fu, Helenann H. pressed Speech Using the Speex Co- Koster, Randal D. Quality Interaction Between Mission As- dec – 57 Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin surance and Project Team Mem- Lawson, Aaron Temperature Observations into Land bers – 79 Surface Models – 114 Cellular Class Encoding Approach to In- Kyberd, P. creasing Efficiency of Nearest Neighbor Kott, Phillip S. Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at Searching – 60 Evaluating the Asymptotic Limits of the the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 Delete-a-Group Jackknife for Model Lawton, Thomas H. Analyses – 154 LaBarre, Lee Thermal resistant environmental barrier coating – 74 Kovach, Jesse Enabling Distributed Management for Communications Middleware for Tactical Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 Le, Hung Development, Fabrication, and Testing of Environments: Observations, Experi- LaFontaine, Frank ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Ex- Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- changer for Constellation Space- Improving Timeliness and Reliability of tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- crafts – 27 Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 ronments with Mockets Communications Leach, Mark Library – 150 Lam, Poh-Sang Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Investigation of the Potential for Caustic Exercise Fixture with Weight Kramer, W. Stress Corrosion Cracking of A537 Car- Stack – 125 Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- bon Steel Nuclear Waste Tanks – 45 hicles with Charge Control Technology in Leahy, Bart the Xcel Energy Territory – 65 Lamb, Brian An Up-Close Look at Ares I-X – 20 Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Krishnamurthi, Niyant Program Review. Report of the Subcom- Lean, Doron Topology Control Within the Airborne mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Light-Emitting Diode Taxiway Edge Light Network Backbone – 56 Research – 97 Photometric Evaluation – 8

B-15 Leavitt, Greg Lerner, Scott Life, Roy Proposed Schematics for an Advanced Design of a New Optical System for Reservation-Based Quality of Service Development Lunar Portable Life Sup- Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Di- (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 port System – 133 agnostic – 172 Lillehei, Peter T. LeBlanc, B. P. Leshchiner, Michael Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Polymer Matrices – 48 Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 NSTX – 174 Lin, John Levin, Gary Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Lee, Alan W. M. Enabling Distributed Management for Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 neering Development Unit – 186 Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Levine, Benjamin Lin, Y. Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Gyrokinetic Electron and Fully Kinetic Ion Lee, J. Rhythm Problems During Space- Particle Simulation of Collisionless Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region flight – 127 Plasma Dynamics – 175 of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow (Postprint) – 54 Levine, Marie B. Lindgren, Charlie Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Lee, Joonsuk Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Distribution and Radiative Forcing of (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the System’s Science Approach. Student Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Guide – 86 Lee, Junghoon graph – 189 Lindgren, Erik Reservation-Based Quality of Service Lew, Debbie Regularity Properties of Two-Phase Free (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in Boundary Problems – 136 Lee, Lesley R. the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 Lingenfelser, Gretchen Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Lewis, John F. LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – 112 Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Linnell, Albert P. Control and Life Support Ddevelopment V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Lee, Siu-Chun Status – 28 Range of Standard Model Accretion Aquarius Reflector Surface Temperature Lewis, Laurie Disks – 189 Monitoring Test and Analysis – 74 Educational Technology in Public School Linzey, W. G. Lee, William M. Districts: Fall 2008. First Look – 136 Development of the Electric Wiring Inter- Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close Lewis, William A. connection System Risk Assessment Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to Tool – 67 1 MHz – 68 Robotic Range Clearance Competition (R2C2) Lessons Learned – 152 Liou, J. C. Leidig, Mark Lewkowicz, Jim Orbital Debris: Quarterly News, Volume Quantification of Rock Damage from 14, Issue 2 – 23 Small Explosions and Its Effect on Quantification of Rock Damage from Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Small Explosions and Its Effect on Liou, J.-C. Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Leighty, Bradley D. Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and Li, E. Regimes – 22 coating system using same – 37 Origin of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays – 190 Liou, Jer-Chyi Leimkuehler, Thomas O. An Assessment of the Current LEO De- Development, Testing, and Failure Li, Hongbin bris Environment and the Need for Active Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase Analysis of Parametric Adaptive Signal Debris Removal – 197 Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 Detection with Applications to Radars and Hyperspectral Imaging – 154 Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering Lipert, Robert J. Development Unit Test Results – 73 Li, Ke Yong Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Lembit, S. craft Water Quality – 132 21st Century Locomotive Technology: Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 Quarterly Technical Status Report Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Lipsett, Michael 26 – 71 Performance (Preprint) – 69 Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Program Review. Report of the Subcom- Lenz, Michael Li, Ming mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Effects of Video Weather Training Prod- Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation Research – 97 ucts, Web-Based Preflight Weather Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds Lisell, L. Briefing, and Local Versus Non-Local Pi- and Optimal Designs – 60 lots on General Aviation Pilot Weather Solar Ready Buildings Planning Knowledge and Flight Behavior – 116 New Bounds on the Total-Squared- Guide – 88 Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets Leonard, M. and Optimal Designs – 61 Liston, Daniel Long Term Examination of Intra-Session Proposed Functional Architecture and and Inter-Session Speaker Variabil- Li, Shihwei Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- ity – 57 Enabling Distributed Management for mon Ground Control Station for Un- Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Leonov, Sergey Experiments on Electrically Controlled Li, Xiugang Littenberg, Tyson Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- Airport Related Traffic and Mobile Emis- The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 sion Implications, August 2003 – 13 tory, Status, Prospects – 194

B-16 Little, Leslie E. Lowman, Andrew E. Mahanama, P. P. Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Al- Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin ternative Salt Transfer Method for the High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- Temperature Observations into Land Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the ing and Experiment – 173 Surface Models – 114 Oak Ridge National Laboratory – 42 Lowther, Sharon E. Mailhot, Michele Liu, Chang Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Micromachined Artificial Haircell – 70 Polymer Matrices – 48 ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Liu, Fei System’s Science Approach. Student Lucas, William A. Guide – 86 A Framework for Integrated Component Lessons From Army System Develop- and System Analyses of Instabili- ments. Volume 2: Case Studies – 12 Malanoski, Anthony P. ties – 71 Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic Lucord, Steven A. Liu, Hao Organics with Novel Mesoporous Orga- CCSDS SM and C Mission Operations Intelligent Transportation Systems Data nosilicas – 35 Interoperability Prototype – 25 Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Maleki, Lute sition Technique – 182 Lugo-Fernandez, Alexis Differential temperature sensor system Liu, Q. Proceedings: USA-Mexico Workshop on and method – 70 Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin the Deepwater Physical Oceanography Malin, Jane T. of the Gulf of Mexico – 122 Temperature Observations into Land Automated Tool and Method for System Surface Models – 114 Lundkvist, Christian Safety Analysis: 2009 Progress Re- Liu, Ruchuan Moduli Spaces of Zero-Dimensional port – 7 Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Elec- Geometric Objects – 137 Mamutov, Seyran tron Transfer – 164 Lupien, Nicholas A. Real Distribution of Response Time In- Liu, Wei Scalable and Fault Tolerant Group Key stability in Service-Oriented Architec- Combined Modeling of Acceleration, Management – 55 ture – 183 Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response Luu, T. Mann, Peggy L in Solar Flares – 201 P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Source Tilting Within the Difference For- tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Lo, Martin W. mulation for Radiation Transport – 160 Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- Mannino, Antonio Body Problem and Space Mission De- Lynch, A. Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- sign – 139 Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO LoDestro, L. L. formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO Comment on ‘Paleoclassical Transport in mance Part B: Combustor Emis- CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- 51 Low-Collisionality Toroidal Plasmas’ sions – tion – 27 [Phys. Plasmas 12, 092512 Lynes, Michael A. Manohara, Harish M. (2005)] – 177 Cytometer on a chip – 125 Low Power, Wide Dynamic Range Car- Lokos, William A. bon Nanotube Vacuum Gauges – 77 Lyo, Sungkwun K. NASA DFRC Practices for Prototype Marchette, David J. Qualification – 13 Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- Identifying Aliases in Graphs – 159 Long, Ken ogy – 179 Marchionni, Mark Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at Methods for Treating Congestive Heart the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 Lytton, Robert Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- Failure – 125 Loo, Sin Ming structive Testing Procedures for Both De- Margaria, Tiziana Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- Automata learning algorithms and pro- Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical tion – 80 Materials – 14 cesses for providing more complete sys- Mabry, Nehemiah tems requirements specification by sce- Lopatkin, Ilya nario generation, CSP-based syntax- Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- Fault Tolerance Reuse During Refine- oriented model construction, and R2D2C ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health ment – 138 system requirements transforma- Monitoring – 80 Lorell, Beverly tion – 145 Methods for Treating Congestive Heart Macatangay, Ariel V. Marian, J. Failure – 125 Impacts of Microbial Growth on the Air Calculation of Damage, He and H Pro- Quality of the International Space Sta- Lorio, John F. duction Using SPECTER – 33 tion – 92 Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A Mariska, John T. Proof of Concept – 155 Maclellan, J. A. Combined Modeling of Acceleration, Loureiro, N. F. Methods and Models of the Hanford In- Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- ternal Dosimetry Program, PNNL-MA- in Solar Flares – 201 860 – 97 netic Reconnection – 174 Markel, T. Love, Brian T. Macridin, Alexandru Field Testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Ve- Particle Size Control for PIV Seeding Transverse Space Charge Effect Calcu- hicles with Charge Control Technology in Using Dry Ice – 55 lation in the Synergia Accelerator Model- the Xcel Energy Territory – 65 ing Toolkit – 161 Lovell, Donald Markoff, Sera Large Scale Shearography Inspection of Madhavan, R Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 the Space Shuttle External Fuel Obstacle Detection using a TOF Range and the Geometry of Accreting Black Tank – 186 Camera for Indoor AGV Navigation – 76 Holes in the Hard State – 193

B-17 Markoff Matyjas, John D. McGregor, Douglas S. Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation Detector – 161 Ejection – 192 Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds McHenry, M. E. Marr, James C. and Optimal Designs – 60 Induced Anisotropy in FeCo-Based SIM-PlanetQuest: Progress Re- New Bounds on the Total-Squared- Nanocrystalline Ferromagnetic Alloys port – 191 Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets (HITPERM) by Very High Field Anneal- and Optimal Designs – 61 ing – 44 Marsden, J. E. McIntire, Lindsey K. Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- Mayo, Kenneth W Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Body Problem and Space Mission De- Multi-Objective Constraint Satisfaction of Fatigue – 154 sign – 139 for Mobile Robot Area Defense – 151 McIntyre, Justin I. Marsili, D. Mazzuchi, T. A. Development of a COTS Radioxenon Scientific Cooperation Between Italy Development of the Electric Wiring Inter- Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- (ISS) and Ecuador (IFA). The Prevention connection System Risk Assessment tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 of Asbestos-Related Diseases: a Public Tool – 67 Health Concern – 98 McKechnie, Timothy McCarl, Bruce A. Development and Testing of High Sur- Martin, David Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Emission Reductions: Comparative Role ide Electrolysis – 196 on International Space Station – 129 for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Forestry – 94 McKeever, William Martin, P. SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 McCarthy, Gregory J. ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- tion Environment – 145 Martin, Randolph J. mance Report (2008) – 9 Quantification of Rock Damage from McKinley, R. Andy Small Explosions and Its Effect on McCarthy, Jaki S. Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Shear-Wave Generation – 113 Identifying Sources of Survey Errors: The of Fatigue – 154 2007 Classfication Error Survey for the Martinez, Enrique F. McLemore, Bruce USA Census of Agriculture – 17 EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future Study of Low-Energy Neutrino Factory at Earth Sciences Missions – 84 the Fermilab to DUSEL Baseline – 162 McCaul, E. W., Jr. Forecasting Lightning Threat Using WRF McLemore, C. Martins, Gustavo H Proxy Fields – 115 NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- Solving the Pallet Loading Prob- gram – 200 lem – 157 McCauley, James W Using Plasticity Values Determined From Medley, Michael J. Masdemont, J. Systematic Hardness Indentation Mea- ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dy- Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- surements for Predicting Impact Behav- namic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Body Problem and Space Mission De- ior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple Radio Ad Hoc Networks – 61 sign – 139 Screening Technique – 46 Medley, Stephanie Mashburn, Ronnie B McCollum, Tim Miniaturized Environmental Scanning P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Studies – 198 System’s Science Approach. Student Mason, Brian D. Meehan, Tom K. Guide – 86 Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and McConnell, Seth J. New L2C Signal – 63 2009 – 191 Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ Meer, David W. Power Substation Under Earthquake Mathie, Amy M. Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Loads – 80 Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map Test Approach and Results – 31 of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: McCoy, J. Torin Mehrabani, Mahnoosh 1947-2009 – 124 Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction Dialect Distance Assessment Based on (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Mathur, Ravi 2-Dimensional Pitch Slope Features and craft Water Quality – 132 Kullback Leibler Divergence – 60 Overview and Software Architecture of the Copernicus Trajectory Design and McDaniels, David M. Meitzler, T. J. Optimization System – 26 Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Matney, M. gether with Phased Array Ultra- Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- McDonald, M. sound – 48 tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Reflective Optics CPV Panels Enabling Regimes – 22 Large Scale, Reliable Generation of So- Melendez, Orlando lar Energy Cost Competitive with Fossil Development and Testing of High Sur- Matsko, Andrey B. Fuels: 15 November 2007 - 30 June face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- Differential temperature sensor system 2009 – 88 ide Electrolysis – 196 and method – 70 McGowan, John E Melodia, Tommaso Matty, Jennifer The Effect of Synthetic Aperture Radar ROSA: Distributed Joint Routing and Dy- Results and Analysis from Space Suit Image Resolution on Target Discrimina- namic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Joint Torque Testing – 23 tion – 76 Radio Ad Hoc Networks – 61

B-18 Melton, Shannon Miller, Steven D. Morency, Richard M. On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km on International Space Station – 129 tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Implicit Physics – 116 the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Menchini, Christopher P. Moreno, Andres M. Computational Flame Characterization of Milligan, Michael New Large Aircraft Immersed in Acciden- Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of tal Hydrocarbon Pool Fires (PRE- the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on PRINT) – 7 Mills, Evan Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Mercer, C. M. Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya Moreno, Max J. Principal Components Analysis of Re- who use LED Lamps – 88 Using MODIS Terra Channel 1 (250 m) to flectance Spectra from the Mars Explo- Evaluate Water Quality in Tampa Bay ration Rover Opportunity – 112 Milvich, Michael and Lake Thonotosassa, Florida – 85 Principal Components Analysis of Re- MRDAP User/Developer Documenta- tion – 170 Morinelli, Patrick J. flectance Spectra Returned by the Mars Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar 196 Exploration Rover Opportunity – Minchin, E. Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 Comprehensive Solar Energy Power Mest, S. C. System for the Turkey Lake Service Morris, Jonathan A. Geologic Mapping of MTM -30247, Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility Integrated System Health Management: -35247 and -40247 Quadrangles, Reull Study – 87 Pilot Operational Implementation in a Vallis Region, Mars – 110 Rocket Engine Test Stand – 151 Mireles, James R. Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South MCCx C3I Control Center Interface Emu- Morse, B. J. Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- lator – 19 Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger Exploration – 196 Basin – 110 Mitrescu, Cristian Morse, Brian Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- Mest, Scott C. tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and Robotic Lunar Lander Development Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Implicit Physics – 116 Project Status – 29 Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, Mouginis-Mark, P. J. Mars – 103 Miyake, Robert A Smart Thermal Block Diagram Topography of the Martian Impact Crater 105 Metcalf, Bruce Tool – 74 Tooting – Reservation-Based Quality of Service Mousseau, Douglas Mobbs, H S (QOS) in an Airborne Network – 56 Proposed Functional Architecture and Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Meyer, G. 144 ance in GPS – mon Ground Control Station for Un- LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 Moffat, H. K. manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Meyyappan, Meyya Implementation of Equilibrium Aqueous Mulac, B. D. Growth method for chalcongenide Speciation and Solubility (EQ3 type) Cal- Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and phase-change nanostructures – 34 culations into Cantera for Electrolyte So- Exploration – 196 lutions – 38 Michalk, Brian Mundt, Mike J. Molthan, Andrew L. Impact Modeling and Prediction of At- Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A tacks on Cyber Targets (Preprint) – 149 The NASA Short-Term Prediction Re- Proof of Concept – 155 search and Transition (SPoRT) Center: Migliari, Simone Opportunities for Collaboration in the Munk, Michelle Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 Great Lakes Region – 119 the Human Exploration of Mars – 19 and the Geometry of Accreting Black Monk, Timothy Holes in the Hard State – 193 Analysis of Shroud Options in Support of Munley, J. T. Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk the Human Exploration of Mars – 19 General Searches for New Particles. At- Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 Montgomery, Jonathan ity – 192 Munns, Sheldon A. Development and Ballistic Testing of a Spectral Domain RF Fingerprinting for New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard Migliari 802.11 Wireless Devices – 163 Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A Steels Under Military Specification MIL- Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and DTL-46100E – 44 Munson, Tim N. Ejection – 192 Moody, Dwight C. Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track New L2C Signal – 63 Mikhaylov, Rebecca Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- Murray, Brian Design and Implementation of the MSL ing and Experiment – 173 Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Mooers, Christopher N. K. Miles, R. for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Proceedings: USA-Mexico Workshop on Forestry – 94 LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 the Deepwater Physical Oceanography Murray, M. Miley, Harry S of the Gulf of Mexico – 122 States of the Vacuum: Summary of DE- P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Morel, W. E. FG02-04ER46113 – 166 tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 The USA Strategic Command: A Cold War Icon – 56 Murray, Richard M Miller, Nicholas Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in Moreland, K. Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 IceT Users’ Guide and Reference – 135 Robotic Control System – 152

B-19 Mustard, John F. Noble, Sarah Okada, K. Geologic Mapping Investigations of the Examining the Uppermost Surface of the Proceedings of RIPKEN BNL Research Northwest Rim of Hellas Basin, Lunar Regolith – 200 Center Workshop (Volume 93) PHENIX Mars – 103 Spinfest School 2009 at BNL. July 01 - Nolan, Daniel J. July 31, 2009 – 163 Mutlu, Yasin A Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction Aiding GPS With Additional Satellite (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Okonechnikov, Konstantin Navigation Services – 102 craft Water Quality – 132 Transverse Space Charge Effect Calcu- lation in the Synergia Accelerator Model- Myers, Deborah V. L. Norcross, Jason R. ing Toolkit – 161 Short-Term Monitoring of Formaldehyde: Effect of Changing the Center of Gravity Comparison of Two Direct-Reading In- on Human Performance in Simulated Lu- Olofsson, Rikard struments to a Laboratory-Based nar Gravity – 134 Problems in Number Theory Related to Method – 89 Mathematical Physics – 137 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Nadeau, James Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of O’Malley, Patrick Proposed Functional Architecture and the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 High-g Shock Test Results of Tadiran Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Nordenstam, Eric TLM-1530MP Cells – 87 mon Ground Control Station for Un- Interlaced Particles in Tilings and Ran- ONeill, Peter manned Aircraft Systems – 10 dom Matrices – 138 Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Narasimhan, Sriram TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Nordstrom, Fredrik Applying Model-Based Diagnosis to a Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- Rapid Propellant Loading System (Post- Cofinality Properties of Categories of ways – 126 print) – 21 Chain Complexes – 138 O’Reilly, Taifun Norman, Daren R. Nelius, Andy Sequence System Building Blocks: Us- Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for Thermal Neutron Imaging in an Active ing a Component Architecture for Se- Temperature Measurements in Hyper- Interrogation Environment – 165 quencing Software – 146 sonic Flows – 78 Nyquist, L. E. Overfelt, tony Nemcova, Jana An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen Structural Identifiability of Polynomial GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical and Rational Systems – 152 its Parent Body – 199 Materials – 14 Neuroth, C. OCallaghan, Fred Overholt, James L Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging TARDEC Robotics – 150 formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS Paciesas, W. mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial sions – 51 Resolution – 86 All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Newby, Nate Ocampo, Cesar tor – 188 Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Overview and Software Architecture of Padmanabhan, Sharmila Exercise Fixture with Weight the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Stack – 125 Optimization System – 26 Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Science Missions – 189 Ngo, Phong Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Unified System for Trajectory Design and Pados, Dimitris A. Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Optimization – 29 Cognitive CDMA Channelization – 61 Tracking System – 25 Ochiai, Eiji Minimum Total-Squared-Correlation Nguyen, Nhan T. Development of Design Parameters for Quaternary Signature Sets: New Bounds and Optimal Designs – 60 Adaptive Flight Control Design with Op- Mass Concrete Using Finite Element timal Control Modification on an F-18 Analysis – 49 New Bounds on the Total-Squared- Aircraft Model – 15 O’Connell, Michael Correlation of Quaternary Signature Sets and Optimal Designs – 61 Ni, Jianjun Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from Pagano, Thomas S. Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring Advanced Remote-Sensing Imaging Tracking System – 25 Shed – 155 Emission Spectrometer (ARIES): AIRS OConnor, B. Spectral Resolution with MODIS Spatial Nickisch, L. J. Resolution – 86 Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Thermal Control System for a Small, the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- Pai, N. and Under Conditions Artificially Per- ence Platform – 29 Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges turbed by HAARP – 113 ODell, Stephen L. with Double Composite Action – 82 Niessner, Albert F. New Observations of the Crab Nebula Palumbo, Daniel L. Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s and Pulsar – 188 Quiet Honeycomb Panels – 36 High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- Oglesby, Donald M. Pan, Xiaohong ing and Experiment – 173 Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and Effectiveness of Traveler Information Nikolic, Borivoje coating system using same – 37 Tools – 62 Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Science Missions – 189 Oguri, Masamune Papanicolaou, T. N. Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Autonomous Measurements of Bridge Noble, Sarah K. Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Examining the Uppermost Surface of the from the Third Data Release Quasar Sensing Radio Transmitters, Tech Trans- Moon – 199 Lens Catalog – 195 fer Summary – 58

B-20 Papanicolaou, T. Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- Phillips, W. Scott Autonomous Measurements of Bridge ment Framework for Government mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and Pier and Abutment Scour Using Motion- Agency Contract Requirements – 179 Yield – 101 Sensing Radio Transmitters – 57 Paznukhov, V. V. Pickering, Karen D. Pappa, Richard S. Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Photogrammetric system and method Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles opment: Early Results from the Explora- used in the characterization of a struc- with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- tion Life Support Distillation Technology ture – 77 mitters – 193 Comparison Test – 131 Paramore, James Peden, C. H. F. Pierson, Duane L. Development and Testing of High Sur- Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorp- Infectious Disease Risk Associated with face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- tion Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO Space Flight – 126 ide Electrolysis – 196 on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces – 41 Pilewskie, P. Pardini, A. F. Pedersen, Gregory T. Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- General Searches for New Particles. At- Long-Duration Drought Variability and spheric Aerosols – 192 las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 Impacts on Ecosystem Services: A Case Pilewskie, Peter Park, Cheol Study from Glacier National Park, Mon- Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS) Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in tana USA – 117 Handbook – 85 Polymer Matrices – 48 Pedersen, T. S. Park, J. Columbia Non-Neutral Torus – 175 Pillai, S. Unnikrishna An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-STAP Pehl, Richard H Performance (Briefing Charts) – 69 GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- 199 its Parent Body – tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 Pillai, Unnikrishna S. Parker, Ronald Effect of Bandwidth on Wideband-Stap Peltz, Eric Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for Performance (Preprint) – 69 Logistics: Supply Based or Distribution LHCD Experiments – 171 Based? – 157 Pilling, M. Parks, P. B. Mid- and Far-Infrared Reflection/Absorp- Perez, Ray Studies of Impurity Assimilation During tion Spectroscopy (IRAS) Studies of NO Massive Argon Gas Injection in DIII- A Few Examples of Spacecraft Anoma- on Rh Single Crystal Surfaces – 41 D – 176 lies Attributed to Transient Voltages and Currents Issues – 30 Pinchak, Andrea Parma, Edward J. Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Perez-Rodriguez, S. Photoneutron Effects on Pulse Reactor of Fatigue – 154 Iterated Radau Method for Time- Kinetics for the Annular Core Research Ping, Peipei Reactor (ACRR) – 169 Dependent PDE’s – 75 Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Passmore, Brandon Peters, Robert D. Program Review. Report of the Subcom- Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate Research – 97 ogy – 179 (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Piwko, Richard Patel, P. graph – 189 Large-Scale Wind Integration Studies in Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges the USA: Preliminary Results – 1 with Double Composite Action – 82 Petrie, T. W. Initial Study Comparing the Radiating Placzankis, Brian E. Patel, Vipul Divertor Behavior Single-Null and General Corrosion Resistance Compari- Cascade Distillation Subsystem Devel- Double-Null Plasmas in DIII-D – 176 sons of Medium- and High-Strength Alu- opment: Early Results from the Explora- minum Alloys for DOD Systems Using tion Life Support Distillation Technology Petro,N.E. Laboratory-Based Accelerated Corrosion Comparison Test – 131 Geologic Mapping of the Lunar South Methods – 45 Pole, Quadrangle LQ-30: Volcanic His- Patterson, Brian D. tory and Stratigraphy of Schroedinger Plante, I. Collisional Quenching of No Basin – 110 Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiation A2sigma+(nu’= 0) Between 125 and 294 Track Structure and Calculation of Dose (Postprint) – 54 Petrosian, Vahe Deposition in Nanovolumes – 203 Paveliev, D. G. Combined Modeling of Acceleration, Transport, and Hydrodynamic Response Plante, J. Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum in Solar Flares – 201 Transition to J-STD-001DS: A Guide for Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Implementation. NASA Workmanship ence – 172 Pflughoeft-Hassett, Debra F. Standards Program – 71 Pavlu, Virgil Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Million Query Track 2008 Over- Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Platnick, Steven view – 181 Military – 52 Distribution and Radiative Forcing of Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 Paxton, Joe Phan, Chau Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- Ultra-Wideband Time-Difference-of- Platts, Steven H. ment Framework for Government Arrival High Resolution 3D Proximity Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Agency Contract Requirements – 180 Tracking System – 25 Rhythm Problems During Space- flight – 127 Paxton, Joseph Phillips, Tiffany R. SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Podboy, Gary G. Operations Enterprise Supply Rhythm Problems During Space- Improved Phased Array Imaging of a Chain – 132 flight – 127 Model Jet – 168

B-21 Pokines, B. B. Radecsky, Kristen Reeves, Jacqueline M. Long Term Examination of Intra-Session Observed Minimum Illuminance Thresh- C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- and Inter-Session Speaker Variabil- old for Night Market Vendors in Kenya tions – 128 ity – 57 who use LED Lamps – 88 Reichle, Rolf H. Pollica, Darryl Raffanti, Richard Assimilation of Satellite-Derived Skin Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Temperature Observations into Land Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 Science Missions – 189 Surface Models – 114 Pollock, Patrick J. Rains, Ed Reid, Wilson G Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Damage Detection in Cryogenic Com- Operational Use of the Hadamard Vari- Control and Life Support Ddevelopment posites for Space Applications Using Pi- ance in GPS – 144 Status – 28 ezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors – 36 Reinholtz, Carrie K. Raitses, Y. Plume Visualization of Orion Launch Pommier, John Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Shortwave Spectroradiometer (SWS) Hall Thrusters – 65 Handbook – 85 Background-Oriented Schlieren – 3 Rajeshuni, Sarala Reinisch, B. W. Pook, Michael How to Take HRMS Process Manage- Evaluation of the Effects of Hydrogen ment to the Next Level with Workflow Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Peroxide on Common Aircraft Electrical Business Event System – 144 Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles Materials – 14 with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- Rajulu, Sudhakar mitters – 193 Porter, Edward Improving Realism in Reduced Gravity Rempe, J. L. The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Simulators – 201 Evaluation of Candidate Linear Variable tory, Status, Prospects – 194 Ramsey, Brian Displacement Transducers for High Tem- Porter, Marc D. Miniaturized Environmental Scanning perature Irradiations in the Advanced Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction Test Reactor – 66 Studies – 198 (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Remsberg, Ellis E. craft Water Quality – 132 Ramu, C. 112 21st Century Locomotive Technology: LIMS Version 6 Level 3 Dataset – Preece, R. Quarterly Technical Status Report Reno, J. L. All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations 26 – 71 with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz tor – 188 Randall, George E. Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and 225 K – 161 Preinhaelter, J. Yield – 101 Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron Rash, James L. Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on ence – 172 NSTX – 174 Automata learning algorithms and processes for providing more complete sys- Reno, John L. tems requirements specification by sce- Prentice, Jennifer E 186 K Operation of Terahertz Quantum- nario generation, CSP-based syntax- LOCO with a Shipboard Lidar – 75 Cascade Lasers Based on a Diagonal oriented model construction, and R2D2C Design – 173 Preston, Robert A. system requirements transforma- Future Plans for NASA’s Deep Space tion – 145 Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Network – 26 Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Rathbone, B. A. Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 Provence, Robert S. Hanford External Dosimetry Technical A New Representative for Small-Body Basis Manual – 203 Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Gravity Estimation – 195 Ray, Chandra Repperger, Daniel W. Prud’Homme, Robert K. Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Polymerization method for formation of Simulants – 197 of Fatigue – 154 thermally exfoliated graphite oxide con- Redemann, J. Restrepo, Juan M. taining polymer – 37 Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- Particle and Blood Cell Dynamics in Os- spheric Aerosols – 192 Qiao, Fengxiang cillatory Flows. Final Report – 72 Intelligent Transportation Systems Data Reed, C. L. B. Rhoades, Richard G. Robotic Lunar Landers for Science and Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Lessons From Army System Develop- 182 Exploration – 196 sition Technique – ments. Volume 2: Case Studies – 12 Reese, Y. D. Qin, Qi Richards, Brian Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Science Missions – 189 Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 its Parent Body – 199 Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Reeve, John N. Richards, Gordon T. Regulation of Methane Genes and Ge- Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Quan, Peter nome Expression. (July 1987-March Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Searching for Donors: Refining an Impu- 2009.) – 100 from the Third Data Release Quasar tation Strategy – 135 Lens Catalog – 195 Reeves, Glenn E. Quinn, P. K. MER Surface Phase; Blurring the Line Rickman, D. Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- Between Fault Protection and What is NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- spheric Aerosols – 192 Supposed to Happen – 187 gram – 200

B-22 Rickman, Doug Robertson, F. R. Rose, W. J. Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver Simulants – 197 Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Model Reanalysis Products – 117 Special Emphasis on Responses of a Ries, R. Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Comprehensive Solar Energy Power Robinson, Benjamin Loading and Water Level – 121 System for the Turkey Lake Service Design and Demonstration of a Miniature Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility Lidar System for Rover Applica- Study – 87 (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- tions – 58 sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- Riggs, Karen Robison, David sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Environmental Technology Verification Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- and Water Level – 121 num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- New L2C Signal – 63 Rosiek, M. munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96 Robson, Lynda New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Rigney, Matt Systematic Review of the Effectiveness gion of Mars – 103 Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- of Training and Education for the Protec- tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- tion of Workers – 134 Ross, S. D. ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 Invariant Manifolds, the Spatial Three- Rodes, Charles Body Problem and Space Mission De- Riley, David C. Particulate Matter and Ozone Research sign – 139 Over Batch Analysis for the LLNL DOE- Program Review. Report of the Subcom- STD-3013 Packaging System – 79 mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Roth, Don Research – 97 Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- Riley, Matthew ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Rodi, J. Monitoring – 80 rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Rothman, Theodore Delivery Order 0007: Volume 2-Risk- with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Proposed Functional Architecture and Minimized Structural Design and Assess- tor – 188 ment for Reusable Launch Vehicles Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- (RLVs) – 4 Rodriguez, Manuel mon Ground Control Station for Un- manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Ringland, James T. Health Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA- Quantifying Reliability Uncertainty: A 2007-0355-3102, Immortalis Botanicals, Rouff, Christopher A. Proof of Concept – 155 Farmville, Virginia, February 2010. Automata learning algorithms and pro- Evaluation of Exposure to Epoxy Resin cesses for providing more complete sys- Ritz, Beate while Manufacturing Artifical Floral Ar- tems requirements specification by sce- California Parkinson’s Disease Registry rangements – 35 nario generation, CSP-based syntax- Pilot Project - Southern California Ascer- Rodriquez, J. A. P. oriented model construction, and R2D2C tainment – 124 system requirements transforma- New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- tion – 145 Rivers, Joanna gion of Mars – 103 Large Scale Shearography Inspection of Rouphail, Nagui M. the Space Shuttle External Fuel Rodwell, Mark Effectiveness of Traveler Information Tank – 186 Phase-Locked Optical Generation of Tools – 62 mmW/THz Signals – 67 Roberston, D. M. Ruf, Joseph H. Water Quality and Hydrology of Whitefish Rogers, A. D. Nozzle Side Load Testing and Analysis at (Bardon) Lake, Douglas County, Wiscon- Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- Marshall Space Flight Center – 32 sin, with Special Emphasis on Re- basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, sponses of an Oligotrophic Seepage Mars: Project Introduction and First Year Runco, Susan Lake to Changes in Phosphorus Loading Work Plan – 111 Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- and Water Level – 121 ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Roberts, David R. Rogers, David System’s Science Approach. Student Guide – 86 Preliminary Assessment of the Energy- Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ Power Substation Under Earthquake Saving Potential of Electrochromic Win- Ruschau, John J. Loads – 80 dows in Residential Buildings – 49 Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials Roberts, J. Brent Romanovsky, Alexander and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Ef- fects of Several Paint Removal Technolo- Analysis of Atmosphere-Ocean Surface Fault Tolerance Reuse During Refine- gies on the Static and Fatigue Properties Flux Feedbacks in Recent Satellite and ment – 138 of Thin Aerospace Structural Materi- Model Reanalysis Products – 117 Real Distribution of Response Time In- als – 34 Roberts, Kenneth T. stability in Service-Oriented Architec- Russell, P. B. Engineering Evaluation of Proposed Al- ture – 183 Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- ternative Salt Transfer Method for the Ronkainen, Onni spheric Aerosols – 192 Molten Salt Reactor Experiment for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory – 42 Meromorphic Solutions of Difference Russell, Sam Painleve Equations – 141 Robertson, D. M. Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health Water Quality and Hydrology of Silver Rood, Arthur S. Monitoring – 80 Lake, Barron County, Wisconsin, With Mixing Cell Model: A One-Dimensional Special Emphasis on Responses of a Numerical Model for Assessment of Wa- Development of Weld Inspection of the Terminal Lake to Changes in Phosphorus ter Flow and Contaminant Transport in Ares I Crew Launch Vehicle Upper Loading and Water Level – 121 the Unsaturated Zone – 140 Stage – 28

B-23 Rutz, Jeffrey A. Sargsyan, Ashot E. Schrader, C. Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction On-Orbit Prospective Echocardiography NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- on International Space Station – 129 gram – 200 craft Water Quality – 132 Sargsyan, Ashot Schrader, Christian M. Ryan, Shannon Smart Ultrasound Remote Guidance Ex- A High Resolution Microprobe Study of Honeycomb vs. Foam: Evaluating a Po- periment (SURGE) Preliminary Find- EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 129 tential Upgrade to ISS Module Shielding ings – Schryer, Jacqueline L. for Micrometeoroids and Orbital De- Satogata, T. Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and bris – 37 RHIC Low Energy Beam Loss Projec- coating system using same – 37 Ryder, R. tions – 165 Schulte, Paul Computational Analysis of Dynamic Saulsberry, Regor L. Systematic Review of the Effectiveness SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector Develop Critical Profilometers to Meet of Training and Education for the Protec- Performance – 50 Current and Future Composite Over- tion of Workers – 134 Ryutov, D. D. wrapped Pressure Vessel (COPV) Inte- Schultz, John R. rior Inspection Needs – 83 Using Plasma Physics to Weigh the Pho- Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction ton – 194 Saulsberry, Regor (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- Sabourov, Konstantin Composite Stress Rupture NDE Re- craft Water Quality – 132 Development of a COTS Radioxenon search and Development Project (Kev- Schulz, Douglas L. lar[R] and Carbon) – 82 Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- Durable Hybrid Coatings. Annual Perfor- tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 Saulsberry Regor mance Report (2008) – 9 Sacksteder, K. R. Nondestructive Evaluation and Monitor- Scott, David W. ing Results from COPV Accelerated Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis How to Boost Engineering Support Via Stress Rupture Testing, NASA White to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- Web 2.0 - Seeds for the Ares Sands Test Facility (WSTF) – 38 ploration – 52 Project...and/or Yours? – 157 Saunders, R Stephen Sadigh, B. Using Web 2.0 Techniques in NASA’s Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for Mars Structural and Stratigraphic Map- Ares Engineering Operations Network Fusion Application – 46 ping along the Coprates Rise – 110 (AEON) Environment - First Impres- sions – 19 Sadoway, Donald R. Savchenkov, Anatoliy A. Development and Testing of High Sur- Differential temperature sensor system Scott, Kenneth E. face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- and method – 70 Plume Visualization of Orion Launch ide Electrolysis – 196 Sawyer, Douglas B. Abort Vehicle Jettison Motors Using Background-Oriented Schlieren – 3 Sakamoto, J. Methods for Treating Congestive Heart Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Tri- Failure – 125 Scott, Steve antimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an Scaramozzi, Anthony Design of a New Optical System for Electrochemical Technique – 40 Cost-Effective Strategy for Surface Navy Alcator C-Mod Motional Stark Effect Di- agnostic – 172 Salem, Jonathan A. Systems Integration and Test Engineer- Measuring Crack Length in Coarse Grain ing – 55 Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for LHCD Experiments – 171 Ceramics – 48 Schekochihin, A. A. Sales, G. S. Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- Scullion, Tom Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle netic Reconnection – 174 Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- structive Testing Procedures for Both De- Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles Schenk, P. M. with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global tion – 80 mitters – 193 Geologic Mapping – 109 Searle, Greg Sallam, K. A. Scheurer, Phillip Introduction to the General Campaign Spray Structure in Near-Injector Region Large Scale Shearography Inspection of Analysis Model (GCAM). Version of Aerated Jet in Subsonic Crossflow the Space Shuttle External Fuel 3.3 – 144 (Postprint) – 54 Tank – 186 Secan, James A. Sampson, Allen Schmalzel, John L. Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Integrated System Health Management: the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Pilot Operational Implementation in a and Under Conditions Artificially Per- Studies – 198 Rocket Engine Test Stand – 151 turbed by HAARP – 113 Samtaney, R. Schmidt, Regina Seelig, Hans-Dieter Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- Evaluation of Eye Metrics as a Detector Phytometric intelligence sensors – 134 netic Reconnection – 174 of Fatigue – 154 Seelos, K. D. Sands, Brian L. Schneider, N. Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- Current Scaling in an Atmospheric Pres- Predictability and Diagnosis of Low Fre- basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, sure Capillary Dielectric Barrier Dis- quency Climate Processes in the Pa- Mars: Project Introduction and First Year charge (POSTPRINT) – 53 cific – 119 Work Plan – 111 Sands, Ronald D. Schneider, Uwe Seidl, R. C. Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas Proceedings of RIPKEN BNL Research Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Center Workshop (Volume 93) PHENIX for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Spinfest School 2009 at BNL. July 01 - Forestry – 94 Forestry – 94 July 31, 2009 – 163

B-24 Seifried, Jeffrey E. Shelnutt, John A. Showalter, Dwight Thermal Modeling and Feedback Re- LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Development and Ballistic Testing of a quirements for LIFE Neutronic Simula- Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard tions – 171 and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on Steels Under Military Speciﬁcation MIL- Seigneur, Christian Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 DTL-46100E – 44 Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Shen, Bao-hong Shrobe, Howard Program Review. Report of the Subcom- Topology Control Within the Airborne Towards a Secure Programming Lan- mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Network Backbone – 56 guage. An Access Control System for Research – 97 CommonLisp – 147 Shen, Yang Sekmen, Ali Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomo- Shuler, Robert L., Jr. Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for graphic Inversions Based on 3D Strain SEU/SET Tolerant Phase-Locked Independently Moving Cameras – 153 Green Tensor – 159 Loops – 66 Semones, Edward Shephard, Mark S. Shuler, Robert L. Space Radiation and Exploration - Infor- Rensselaer Component of the Terascale SEE Tolerant Self-Calibrating Simple mation for the Augustine Committee Re- Simulation Tools and Technologies. Final Fractional-N PLL – 143 view – 204 Report – 179 Shultis, J. Kenneth Sen, R. Sherif, S. A. Electro-Optic Laser-Sampled Neutron Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges Comprehensive Solar Energy Power Detector – 161 with Double Composite Action – 82 System for the Turkey Lake Service Shverdin, M. Senent, Juan S. Plaza: A Research Report and Feasibility High-Power Laser Pulse Recirculation Overview and Software Architecture of Study – 87 for Inverse Compton Scattering- the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Sheth, Rubik B. Produced Gamma-Rays – 174 Optimization System – 26 Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering Sierau, B. Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A Development Unit Test Results – 73 Spectral Absorption Properties of Atmo- Uniﬁed System for Trajectory Design and spheric Aerosols – 192 Optimization – 29 Sheth, Rubik Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level Singh, Anita Serban, Constantin Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math Force Health Protection: Nutrition and Enabling Distributed Management for Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar Exercise Resource Manual – 128 Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 Lander – 64 Peak Performance Through Nutrition and Settersten, Thomas B. Shi, Fang Exercise – 128 Collisional Quenching of No Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s Singh, Vivek A2sigma+(nu’= 0) Between 125 and 294 High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- (Postprint) – 54 ing and Experiment – 173 Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to Shafer, Jaclyn Shi, Y. 1 MHz – 68 Error Estimation in an Optimal Interpola- Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced Siochi, Emilie J. tion Scheme for High Spatial and Tempo- Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 ral Resolution SST Analyses – 85 Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Shih, C.-Y. Polymer Matrices – 48 Shaner, Eric A. An Approximately 4.35 Ga Ar-Ar Age for Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- Sion, Edward M GRA 8 and the Complex Chronology of lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a its Parent Body – 199 ogy – 179 Range of Standard Model Accretion Disks – 189 Shanmugam, Suriya P. Shiraiwa, Syun’ichi Seismic Behavior of Circular Reinforced Intra-Shot MSE Calibration Technique for Siperko, Lorraine M. 171 Concrete Bridge Columns Under Com- LHCD Experiments – Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction bined Loading Including Torsion. Fi- Shogan, Colleen J. (CSPE): Using Color to Monitor Space- nal – 81 Social Networking and Constituent Com- craft Water Quality – 132 Sharma, Atul munications: Member Use of Twitter Dur- Sippel, Jason A. Cost-Effective High-Efficiency Advanced ing a Two-Month Period in the 111th Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane Reforming Module (CHARM) – 89 Congress, February 3, 2010 – 59 Predictability – 116 Sharp, Carwyn Shoulders, W. T. Skidmore, T. E. Hardware Evaluation of the Horizontal Atmospheric Ention of Molybdenum and Lifetime Predictions for Model 9975 Exercise Fixture with Weight Sulfur in Simulated High Level Waste O-Rings in KAMS – 32 Stack – 125 Glass – 119 Skiner, J. A., Jr. Sharpe, George Shouse, D. T. Geology of Libya Montes and the Inter- Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- basin Plains of Northern Tyrrhena Terra, Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- Mars: Project Introduction and First Year neering Development Unit – 186 mance Part B: Combustor Emis- Work Plan – 111 sions – 51 Shchetkovskiy, Anatoliy Skinner, J. A., Jr. Development and Testing of High Sur- Computational Analysis of Dynamic Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia face Area Iridium Anodes for Molten Ox- SPK(S8)-JP8 Fueled Combustor-Sector Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- ide Electrolysis – 196 Performance – 50 ond Year Results and Third Year Shea, P. R. Shouse, Dale T. Plan – 106 Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Ap- Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2 proach – 51 Half Way Done – 106

B-25 New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Song, Yujiang Stefanov, William gion of Mars – 103 LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth Skinner, J. A. and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on System’s Science Approach. Student Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Guide – 86 2009 – 107 Sostaric, Ronald Stefek, T. M. Slaughter, Robert C. The Challenge of Mars EDL (Entry, De- Destructive Examination of Shipping Positron Annihilation Ratio Spectroscopy scent, and Landing) – 201 Package 9975-02028 – 98 (PsARS) Applied to Positronium Forma- tion Studies – 168 Soukoulis, Costas M Steffen, Bernard Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- Automata learning algorithms and pro- Smirnov, A. nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 Enhanced Performance of Cylindrical cesses for providing more complete sys- Spector, Elisabeth Hall Thrusters – 65 tems requirements specification by sce- C-9 and Other Microgravity Simula- nario generation, CSP-based syntax- Smirnov, D. tions – 128 oriented model construction, and R2D2C system requirements transforma- Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Spina, John tion – 145 Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Intelligent Dissemination in a Secure, 225 K – 161 Wireless Platform – 180 Stek, Paul Smith, H. Spinhirne, James D Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar Science Missions – 189 and Policy Design Considerations – 91 Stratospheric Clouds at the South Stenger, Michael B. Pole – 112 Smith, James C. Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Geostationary Coastal Ecosystem Dy- Springer, Jonathan Rhythm Problems During Space- namics Imager (GEO CEDI) for the GEO Checking Model Specifications with flight – 127 Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO CrossCheck – 143 CAPE) Mission. Concept Presenta- Stephan, Ryan A. tion – 27 Squillacioti, Richard Development, Testing, and Failure Development and Ballistic Testing of a Mechanisms of a Replicative Ice Phase Smith, Lisa New Class of Auto-Tempered High-Hard Change Material Heat Exchanger – 47 Proposed Functional Architecture and Steels Under Military Specification MIL- Overview of the Altair Lunar Lander Ther- Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- DTL-46100E – 44 mon Ground Control Station for Un- mal Control System Design – 195 Srinivasan, S. G. manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Sublimator Driven Coldplate Engineering Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for Development Unit Test Results – 73 Smith, Samuel Fusion Application – 46 Development of Design Parameters for Srinivasan, Srini Stephan, Ryan Mass Concrete Using Finite Element SPRUCE: Systems and Software Pro- Development, Fabrication, and Testing of Analysis – 49 ducibility Collaboration and Experimenta- a Liquid/Liquid Microchannel Heat Ex- changer for Constellation Space- Smolenski, B. Y. tion Environment – 145 crafts – 27 Long Term Examination of Intra-Session Stanis, Ronald J. Electrochromic Radiator Coupon Level and Inter-Session Speaker Variabil- LDRD Final Report on Synthesis of Testing and Full Scale Thermal Math ity – 57 Shape- and Size-Controlled Platinum Modeling for Use on Altair Lunar and Platinum Alloy Nanostructures on Smolenski, Brett Lander – 64 Carbon with Improved Durability – 49 Cellular Class Encoding Approach to In- creasing Efficiency of Nearest Neighbor Stansbery, E. G. Stephens, Verlin C. Searching – 60 Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- Regional Regression Equations for Esti- tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size mation of Natural Streamflow Statistics in Snider, Ryan E. Regimes – 22 Colorado – 156 Attitude Control of a Satellite Simulator Using Reaction Wheels and a PID Con- Stauffer, A. R. Stephenson, Carol troller – 15 Long Term Examination of Intra-Session Systematic Review of the Effectiveness and Inter-Session Speaker Variabil- of Training and Education for the Protec- Snyder, A. L. ity – 57 tion of Workers – 134 Investigation of Plasma Phenomena in Speaker Recognition on Lossy Com- the Ionosphere Under Natural Conditions Stevens, Gina pressed Speech Using the Speex Co- Federal Information Security and Data and Under Conditions Artificially Per- dec – 57 turbed by HAARP – 113 Breach Notification Laws, January 28, Stead, Richard J. 2010 – 139 Socoby, Joseph mb Bias and Regional Magnitude and Stewart, Juarine Tracking Data Certification for the Lunar Yield – 101 Reconnaissance Orbiter – 24 Particulate Matter and Ozone Research Steckenrider, J. S. Program Review. Report of the Subcom- Sommeijer, B. P. Inspecting Composite Ceramic Armor mittee on Particulate Matter and Ozone Iterated Radau Method for Time- Using Advanced Signal Processing To- Research – 97 Dependent PDE’s – 75 gether with Phased Array Ultra- sound – 48 Stewart, R. Song, P. TOXECON(Trade Name) Retrofit for Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Stefanelli, Cesare Mercury and Multi-Pollutant Control on Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles Communications Middleware for Tactical Three 90-MW Coal-Fired Boilers. Final with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- Environments: Observations, Experi- Report: Project Performance and Eco- mitters – 193 ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 nomics – 93

B-26 Stoeser, D. Sun, Ellen Y. Tanaka, K. L. NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- Thermal resistant environmental barrier Geology of the Southern Utopia Planitia gram – 200 coating – 74 Highland-Lowland Boundary Plain: Sec- Stofan, E. R. ond Year Results and Third Year Sun, Xuhui Plan – 106 Geologic Mapping of V-19 – 107 Growth method for chalcongenide Mars Global Geologic Mapping: About Stoner, II, Richard J. phase-change nanostructures – 34 Half Way Done – 106 Phytometric intelligence sensors – 134 Supkos, Michael New Geologic Map of the Scandia Re- Stouffer, C. Proposed Functional Architecture and gion of Mars – 103 Thermal Control System for a Small, Associated Benefits Analysis of a Com- Planetary Geologic Mapping Handbook - Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- mon Ground Control Station for Un- 2009 – 107 ence Platform – 29 manned Aircraft Systems – 10 Tanaka, K. Stoyanov, Stephen Suri, Niranjan Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track Geologic Mapping of Athabasca Communications Middleware for Tactical New L2C Signal – 63 Valles – 105 Environments: Observations, Experi- Straus, Jacob R. ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 Tanaka, Kenneth L. Abstracts of the Annual Meeting of Plan- Social Networking and Constituent Com- Improving Timeliness and Reliability of munications: Member Use of Twitter Dur- etary Geologic Mappers, San Antonio, Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- TX, 2009 – 102 ing a Two-Month Period in the 111th ronments with Mockets Communications 59 Congress, February 3, 2010 – Library – 150 Tanelli, Simone Strauss, Michael A. CloudSat: the Cloud Profiling Radar Mis- Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Lens Suttle, Bruce E sion – 119 P-Type Point Contact Germanium Detec- Search. III. Constraints on Dark Energy Tarasyuk, Olga tors for Low-Level Counting – 74 from the Third Data Release Quasar Real Distribution of Response Time In- Lens Catalog – 195 Sutton, Janet stability in Service-Oriented Architec- Street, Kenneth Using a Computer Game for Research ture – 183 Thermal Properties of Lunar Regolith on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- Taylor , Lawrence Simulants – 197 sons Learned from A NATO Experi- Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Streiffert, Barbara A. ment – 130 Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Sequence System Building Blocks: Us- Suzuki, N. H. Studies – 198 ing a Component Architecture for Se- Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis Taylor, G. quencing Software – 146 to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- Te (R,t) Measurements Using Electron Strekalov, Dmitry V. ploration – 52 Bernstein Wave Thermal Emission on Differential temperature sensor system NSTX – 174 and method – 70 Svensson, Jens Importance Sampling and Dependence Tedder, Sarah A. Stroh, S. Modeling – 155 Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced Design and Evaluation of Steel Bridges Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- with Double Composite Action – 82 Swisdak, Jr, Michael M copy (WIDECARS) – 50 Hardened Aircraft Shelter Test Pro- Stukowski, A. Tennant, Allyn F. gram – 16 Modelling Thermodynamics of Alloys for New Observations of the Crab Nebula Fusion Application – 46 Swithinbank, Charles and Pulsar – 188 Stutrud, J. S. Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map Tetreault, T. Alternate-Fueled Combustor-Sector Per- of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: Solar Ready Buildings Planning formance: Part A: Combustor Perfor- 1947-2009 – 124 Guide – 88 mance Part B: Combustor Emis- sions – 51 Switzer, Benjamin P. Thaisen, Kevin CFD Analysis of Experimental Wing and Subramania, Ganesh Miniaturized Environmental Scanning Winglet for FalconLAUNCH 8 and the Electron Microscope for In Situ Planetary Mid-Infrared Quantum Dot Emitters Uti- ExFIT Program – 11 Studies – 198 lizing Planar Photonic Crystal Technol- ogy – 179 Szkody, Paula Thiel, J. Suh, Jun-Won V3885 Sagittarius: A Comparison With a Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders Test Token Driven Acoustic Balancing for Range of Standard Model Accretion and Pollution Reduction Technolo- 35 Sparse Enrollment Data in Cohort GMM Disks – 189 gies – Speaker Recognition – 168 Thorne, Robert E. Szoke, A. Screening and Crystallization Plates for Summa, William R. Source Tilting Within the Difference For- Manual and High-throughput Protein The Evolution of the Rendezvous Profile mulation for Radiation Transport – 160 During the Space Shuttle Pro- Crystal Growth – 178 gram – 186 Szymanski, Steve Tia, Mang Summers, Richard Large Scale PEM Electrolysis to Enable Development of Design Parameters for Evidence Based Review: Risk of Cardiac Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Produc- Mass Concrete Using Finite Element Rhythm Problems During Space- tion – 40 Analysis – 49 flight – 127 Tan, Hui Timmers, Richard Sumner, J. Development of a COTS Radioxenon Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space Carbon Taxes: A Review of Experience Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- and Policy Design Considerations – 91 tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 neering Development Unit – 186

B-27 Tiwari, Abhishek Tsuyuki, Glenn Vohra, Y. K. Topology Control Within the Airborne A Smart Thermal Block Diagram Development of Designer Diamond Network Backbone – 56 Tool – 74 Technology for High Pressure High Tem- perature Experiments in Support of Tobe, Randy Tu, J. Stockpile Stewardship Program. Final Design and Analysis of Advanced Mate- Investigating Stimulated Wave-Particle Report – 48 rials in a Thermal/Acoustic Environment. Interaction of Radiation Belt Particles Voran, Stephen D. Delivery Order 0007: Volume1-Struc- with Space-Borne Whistler Mode Trans- tural Health Monitoring – 82 mitters – 193 Low Rate Speech Coding and Random Bit Errors: A Subjective Speech Quality Tokovinin, Andrei Tuan, George C. Matching Experiment – 59 Speckle Interferometry at the Blanco and Crew Exploration Vehicle Environmental Vos, Jessica R. SOAR Telescopes in 2008 and Control and Life Support Ddevelopment 2009 – 191 Feasibility of Performing a Suited 10-km Status – 28 Ambulation on the Moon. Final Report of Tomsick, John A. Tucker, Brian the EVA Walkback Test (EWT) – 127 Broadband X-Ray Spectra of GX 339-4 and the Geometry of Accreting Black SCRL-Model for Human Space Flight Wade, A. Holes in the Hard State – 193 Operations Enterprise Supply Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz Chain – 132 Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to Galactic Black Holes in the Hard State: A 225 K – 161 Multi-Wavelength View of Accretion and Using SCOR as a Supply Chain Manage- Ejection – 192 ment Framework for Government Wade, M. R. Agency Contract Requirements – 179 High Performance Plasma Operation on Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk Turck, Kirt DIII-D During Extended Periods Without Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- Boronization – 177 ity – 192 AN-CASE NET-CENTRIC Modeling and Simulation – 158 Wade, Robert H. Tortonesi, Mauro Comparison of GOES Cloud Classifica- Communications Middleware for Tactical Turowski, Mark P. tion Algorithms Employing Explicit and Environments: Observations, Experi- Integrated System Health Management: Implicit Physics – 116 ences, and Lessons Learned – 149 Pilot Operational Implementation in a Rocket Engine Test Stand – 151 Wagner, David A. Toth, David Safety Verification of a Fault Tolerant Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- Ursic, Joseph J. Reconfigurable Autonomous Goal-Based nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from Advanced Stirling Convertor Dynamic Robotic Control System – 152 Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring Test Approach and Results – 31 Shed – 155 Walczak, Paul Ussery, Warren Mission Impact of Cyber Events: Sce- Tracinski, Walt Large Scale Shearography Inspection of narios and Ontology to Express the Re- Performance and Safety Tests of the Space Shuttle External Fuel lationships Between Cyber Assets, Mis- Lithium-Ion Cells Arranged in a Matrix Tank – 186 sions, and Users – 183 Design Configuration – 65 Walker, James L. Uzdensky, D. A. Tran, D. Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- Formation of Plasmoid Chains in Mag- Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Tri- ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health netic Reconnection – 174 antimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an Monitoring – 80 Electrochemical Technique – 40 Vaithianathan, T. Walker, James Tran, Khoi D. Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Large Scale Shearography Inspection of Uncertainty Quantification of Multi- Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2 the Space Shuttle External Fuel Tank – 186 Component Isotope-Separation Cascade Vallisneri, Michele Model – 156 The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Nondestructive Evaluation Methods for Traskos, M. G. tory, Status, Prospects – 194 the Ares I Common Bulkhead – 27 Development of the Electric Wiring Inter- Wallace, R. D. VanBuren, David connection System Risk Assessment Feedback Flow Control for a Pitching Tool – 67 Linear Thermal Expansion Measure- Turret (Part I) (POSTPRINT) – 2 ments of Lead Magnesium Niobate Trauger, John T. (PMN) Electroceramic Material for the Walston, S. Wavefront Amplitude Variation of TPF’s Terrestrial Planet Finder Corona- Idiot’s Guide to the Statistical Theory of High Contrast Imaging Testbed: Model- graph – 189 Fission Chains – 163 ing and Experiment – 173 Vanier, Peter E. Walters, Glenn M Treder, Bob Thermal Neutron Imaging in an Active MV-22B Osprey: A Strategic Leap For- Cluster Analysis and Principle Compo- Interrogation Environment – 165 ward – 10 nent Analysis of Water Quality Data from Vecchio, Alberto Wang, Chiu-Sen Silver Springs and Wells in the Spring Optimization of Step Rockets by the Dis- The Mock LISA Data Challenges: His- Shed – 155 crete Maximum Principle – 153 tory, Status, Prospects – 194 Triantafyllou, Michael S. Wang, M. Development and Application of Distrib- Verwer,J.G. LIFE Target Fabrication Costs – 161 uted MEMS Pressure Sensor Array for Numerical Integration of Damped Max- AUV Object Avoidance – 25 well Equations – 167 Wang, Minli Pathway Model of the Kinetics of the Trottier, Michael D. Vicenzi, E. P. TGFbeta Antagonist Smad7 and Cross- Accurate Dynamic Response Predictions A High Resolution Microprobe Study of Talk with the ATM and WNT Path- of Plug-and-Play Sat I – 21 EETA79001 Lithology C – 113 ways – 126

B-28 Wang, Shuying Welsh, David A. Williams, D. A. Post-Cyclic Behavior of Low Plasticity International Space Station Crew Quar- Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global Silt Under Full and Limited Liquefaction ters Ventilation and Acoustic Design Geologic Mapping – 109 Using Triaxial Compression Testing. Fi- Implementation – 167 Williams, Jacob nal – 83 Welton, Ellsworth J. Overview and Software Architecture of Wang, Zuocai Continuous Lidar Monitoring of Polar the Copernicus Trajectory Design and Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ Stratospheric Clouds at the South Optimization System – 26 Power Substation Under Earthquake Pole – 112 Theoretical Foundation of Copernicus: A Loads – 80 Werthimer, Dan Unified System for Trajectory Design and Warburton, William K. Digital Spectrometers for Interplanetary Optimization – 29 Development of a COTS Radioxenon Science Missions – 189 Williams, Jimmy Detector System Using Phoswich Detec- Economic Potential of Greenhouse Gas tors and Pulse Shape Analysis – 170 West,W.P. High Performance Plasma Operation on Emission Reductions: Comparative Role Ward, J. DIII-D During Extended Periods Without for Soil Sequestration in Agriculture and Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Boronization – 177 Forestry – 94 Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Williams, K. K. Wheeler, Jeffrey L. the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 1: Geology of a Portion of the Martian High- Width-Increased Dual-Pump Enhanced User’s Manual for the Gulf of Mexico Air lands: MTMs -20002, -20007, -25002 124 Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectros- Quality Database (Version 1.0) – and -25007 – 104 copy (WIDECARS) – 50 Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of Williams, Richard S., Jr. Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Whyte, D. G. Coastal-Change and Glaciological Map the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 2: Dynamics of Plasma-Surface Interac- Technical Reference Manual for the Gulf of the Palmer Land Area, Antarctica: tions Using In-situ Ion Beam Analy- 1947-2009 – 124 of Mexico Air Quality Database – 123 sis – 175 Willis, Kim Warren, Rik Wielinga, Bob Using a Computer Game for Research Spheres of Earth: An Introduction to Mak- Give Me a Hug: The Effects of Touch and ing Observations of Earth Using an Earth on Culture and Team Adaptability: Les- Autonomy on People’s Responses to sons Learned from A NATO Experi- System’s Science Approach. Student Embodied Social Agents – 139 86 ment – 130 Guide – Wilantewicz, Trevor E Watkins, Anthony N. Wilson, Melissa Using Plasticity Values Determined From Acoustic Emission Measurement with Fi- Sol-gel based oxidation catalyst and Systematic Hardness Indentation Mea- coating system using same – 37 ber Bragg Gratings for Structure Health surements for Predicting Impact Behav- Monitoring – 80 Watkins, Brenda ior in Structural Ceramics: A New, Simple Wilson, Robert K. Design and Implementation of the MSL Screening Technique – 46 Quality Interaction Between Mission As- Cruise Propulsion Tank Heaters – 30 Wilcox, Brian H. surance and Project Team Mem- Watson, A. Low-Cost Propellant Launch to Earth Or- bers – 79 bit from a Tethered Balloon – 22 Solar Ready Buildings Planning Wilson, S. A. Guide – 88 Wiley, Cliff Geologic Mapping of Holden Crater and Watson, Charles C. Intelligent Flexible Materials for Space the Uzboi-Ladon-Morava Outflow Sys- Design, Implementation and Operation of Structures: Expandable Habitat Engi- tem – 106 a Modular Integrated Tropical Cyclone neering Development Unit – 186 Wilson, S. Hazard Model – 117 Wilkinson, Chris NASA Lunar Regolith Simulant Pro- Watson, Kent A. EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future gram – 200 Photogrammetric system and method Earth Sciences Missions – 84 Wilson-Hodge, C. A. used in the characterization of a structure – 77 Willenberg, Zachary All-Sky Earth Occultation Observations Environmental Technology Verification with the Fermi Gamma Ray Burst Moni- Wegeng, R. S. Report: Tetracore Inc., Anthrax, Botuli- tor – 188 Analysis of Solar-Heated Thermal Wadis num Toxin, and Ricin Enzyme-Linked Im- Wimsatt, Andrew J. to Support Extended-Duration Lunar Ex- munosorbent Assay (ELISA) – 96 ploration – 52 Plan for Developing High-Speed, Nonde- Williams, B. S. structive Testing Procedures for Both De- Wehrmeyer, Joe Magnetic-Field-Assisted Terahertz sign Evaluation and Construction Inspec- Pulsed Electron Beam Spectroscopy for Quantum Cascade Laser Operating up to tion – 80 Temperature Measurements in Hyper- 225 K – 161 Winkler, Robert sonic Flows – 78 Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Improving Timeliness and Reliability of Wei, Y. H. Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Data Delivery in Tactical Wireless Envi- Synthesis, Analysis, and Integration of ence – 172 ronments with Mockets Communications Meteorological and Air Quality Data for Library – 150 the Gulf of Mexico Region. Volume 3: Williams, Benjamin S. Winn, Kay Data Analysis – 123 Surface-Emitting Distributed Feedback Environmental Assessment: Proposed Terahertz Quantum-Cascade Lasers in Weier, D. R. Seat and Canopy Staging Building, Hill Metal-Metal Waveguides – 172 General Searches for New Particles. At- Air Force Base, Utah – 6 las Note: Atl-Com-Phys-2009 – 90 Tuning a Tetrahertz Wire Laser – 78 Wirzburger, M. Weisskopf, Martin C. Williams, Billy M. Thermal Control System for a Small, New Observations of the Crab Nebula Effectiveness of Traveler Information Extended Duration Lunar Surface Sci- and Pulsar – 188 Tools – 62 ence Platform – 29

B-29 Wise, Kristopher Eric Yao, Fenghue Yu, Nan Dispersions of Carbon nanotubes in Heterogeneous Vision Data Fusion for Differential temperature sensor system Polymer Matrices – 48 Independently Moving Cameras – 153 and method – 70 Wocken, Chad A. Yaple, Danielle E. Zabarnick, S. Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Simulation and Application of GPOPS for Effects of Operating Jet Fuels Below the Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. a Trajectory Optimization and Mission Specification Freeze Point Temperature Military – 52 Planning Tool – 145 Limit – 14 Zang, Ling Wolberg, Michelle Yarantsev, Dmitry Experiments on Electrically Controlled Single Molecule Spectroscopy of Elec- Enabling Distributed Management for tron Transfer – 164 Dynamic Airborne Networks – 148 Flameholding on a Plane Wall in Super- sonic Airflow (POSTPRINT) – 3 Zavlin, Vyacheslav E. Wolfenstine, J. Yavoich, Brian James New Observations of the Crab Nebula Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Tri- and Pulsar – 188 Comparison of Analysis, Simulation, and antimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an Measurement of Wire-to-Wire Zeinali, Mazyar Electrochemical Technique – 40 Crosstalk – 68 Sunlight-Catalyzed Conversion of Cyclic Wong, Wayne A. Organics with Novel Mesoporous Orga- Yavoich, Brian nosilicas – 35 Solar Energy Systems for Lunar Oxygen Bulk Current Injection Testing of Close Generation – 31 Proximity Cable Current Return, 1kHz to Zell, Peter T. 1 MHz – 68 Versatile honeycomb matrix heat Wood, Terri shield – 28 EDOS Evolution to Support NASA Future Yavorsky, J. Zhang, Fuqing Earth Sciences Missions – 84 Center for Advanced Bio-Based Binders Effects of Moist Convection on Hurricane and Pollution Reduction Technolo- Xargay, Enric Predictability – 116 gies – 35 L(sub 1) Adaptive Flight Control System: Zhang, S. Y. Yff, Jessica Flight Evaluation and Technology Transi- Luminosity Issues in 2009 100 GeV Po- tion – 16 Volcanism on Io: Insights from Global larized Proton Run – 166 Geologic Mapping – 109 Xu, Y.-L. Zhang, Shou-Chen Modeling of LEO Orbital Debris Popula- Yingst, R. A. Intrinsic Spin-Hall Effect in n-Doped Bulk tions in Centimeter and Millimeter Size Lunar Geologic Mapping: A Preliminary GaAs – 178 Map of a Portion of the LQ-10 (‘Marius’) Regimes – 22 Zhang, W. Quadrangle – 102 Yadegar, Joseph Phase Locking of a 2.7 THz Quantum Young, Larry E. Topology Control Within the Airborne Cascade Laser to a Microwave Refer- Network Backbone – 56 Orbiting GPS Receiver Modified to Track ence – 172 New L2C Signal – 63 Zheng, Man Yagubian, Aram Young, Lily Web-Based Intelligent Collaborative How to Take HRMS Process Manage- Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of Bridge Design System. Final – 81 ment to the Next Level with Workflow Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sedi- Zhou, Jiangfeng Business Event System – 144 ments – 43 Magnetic Response of Split Ring Reso- Yakovlev, Dmitry R. Young, Margo nators at Terahertz Frequencies – 67 New Observations of the Crab Nebula Past to Present: JPL Library, Archives Zhou, K. and Pulsar – 188 and Records – 184 Thermoelectric Properties of Cobalt Tri- antimonide (CoSb3) Prepared by an Yamaoka, Kazutaka Youngerman, Patricia Electrochemical Technique – 40 Truncation of the Inner Accretion Disk Quick Reaction Evaluations of Materials Around a Black Hole at Low Luminos- and Processes. Delivery Order 0005: Ef- Zhuo, Weijie ity – 192 fects of Several Paint Removal Technolo- Airport Related Traffic and Mobile Emis- gies on the Static and Fatigue Properties sion Implications, August 2003 – 13 Yan, Dongming of Thin Aerospace Structural Materi- Zimbelman, J. R. Structural Assessment of Highway ‘N’ als – 34 Geologic Mapping of the Medusae Fos- Power Substation Under Earthquake Yu, Bin sae Formation on Mars and the Northern Loads – 80 Growth method for chalcongenide Lowland Plains of Venus – 105 Yang, Ping phase-change nanostructures – 34 Zygarlicke, Christopher J. Production of JP-8-Based Hydrogen and Distribution and Radiative Forcing of Yu, Lei Tropical Thin Cirrus Clouds – 115 Advanced Tactical Fuels for the U.S. Airport Related Traffic and Mobile Emis- Military – 52 sion Implications, August 2003 – 13 Yang, Xiaoping Zylstra, Gerben Full-Wave Moment Tensor and Tomo- Intelligent Transportation Systems Data Microbial Pathways for the Reduction of graphic Inversions Based on 3D Strain Compression Using Wavelet Decompo- Mercury in Saturated Subsurface Sedi- Green Tensor – 159 sition Technique – 182 ments – 43

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