Investigation of Different Airfoils on Outer Sections of Large Rotor Blades
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Wind Turbine Power Curves Based on the Weibull Cumulative Distribution Function
applied sciences Article Wind Turbine Power Curves Based on the Weibull Cumulative Distribution Function Neeraj Bokde1,*,† , Andrés Feijóo 2,*,† and Daniel Villanueva 2,† 1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India 2 Departamento de Enxeñería Eléctrica-Universidade de Vigo, Campus de Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (N.B.); [email protected] (A.F.); Tel.: +91-90-2841-5974 (N.B.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 6 September 2018; Accepted: 26 September 2018; Published: 28 September 2018 Abstract: The representation of a wind turbine power curve by means of the cumulative distribution function of a Weibull distribution is investigated in this paper, after having observed the similarity between such a function and real WT power curves. The behavior of wind speed is generally accepted to be described by means of Weibull distributions, and this fact allows researchers to know the frequency of the different wind speeds. However, the proposal of this work consists of using these functions in a different way. The goal is to use Weibull functions for representing wind speed against wind power, and due to this, it must be clear that the interpretation is quite different. This way, the resulting functions cannot be considered as Weibull distributions, but only as Weibull functions used for the modeling of WT power curves. A comparison with simulations carried out by assuming logistic functions as power curves is presented. The reason for using logistic functions for this validation is that they are very good approximations, while the reasons for proposing the use of Weibull functions are that they are continuous, simpler than logistic functions and offer similar results. -
Implementation and Validation of an Advanced Wind Energy Controller in Aero-Servo-Elastic Simulations Using the Lifting Line Free Vortex Wake Model
energies Article Implementation and Validation of an Advanced Wind Energy Controller in Aero-Servo-Elastic Simulations Using the Lifting Line Free Vortex Wake Model Sebastian Perez-Becker *, David Marten, Christian Navid Nayeri and Christian Oliver Paschereit Chair of Fluid Dynamics, Hermann Föttinger Institute, Technische Universität Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Str. 8, 10623 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] (D.M.); [email protected] (C.N.N.); [email protected] (C.O.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Accurate and reproducible aeroelastic load calculations are indispensable for designing modern multi-MW wind turbines. They are also essential for assessing the load reduction capabilities of advanced wind turbine control strategies. In this paper, we contribute to this topic by introducing the TUB Controller, an advanced open-source wind turbine controller capable of performing full load calculations. It is compatible with the aeroelastic software QBlade, which features a lifting line free vortex wake aerodynamic model. The paper describes in detail the controller and includes a validation study against an established open-source controller from the literature. Both controllers show comparable performance with our chosen metrics. Furthermore, we analyze the advanced load reduction capabilities of the individual pitch control strategy included in the TUB Controller. Turbulent wind simulations with the DTU 10 MW Reference Wind Turbine featuring the individual pitch control strategy show a decrease in the out-of-plane and torsional blade root bending moment fatigue loads of 14% and 9.4% respectively compared to a baseline controller. Citation: Perez-Becker, S.; Marten, D.; Nayeri, C.N.; Paschereit, C.O. -
Wind Field Simulation in a Wind Farm Using Openfoam and Actuator Line Model
ParCFD'2019 31st International Conference on Parallel Computational Fluid Dynamics May-14-17 2019, Antalya TURKEY WIND FIELD SIMULATION IN A WIND FARM USING OPENFOAM AND ACTUATOR LINE MODEL Huseyin Can Onel∗ & Dr. Ismail H. Tuncery ∗ Middle East Technical University (METU) Department of Aerospace Engineering 06800 Ankara, TURKEY e-mail: [email protected] yMiddle East Technical University (METU) Department of Aerospace Engineering 06800 Ankara, TURKEY e-mail: [email protected] - Web page: http://www.ae.metu.edu.tr/tuncer/ Key words: Aerospace applications, Wind turbine, HAWT, Actuator Line Model, Wake calculation Abstract. In this study, a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) is modeled using so called Actuator Line Model (ALM), where full resolution of boundary layer over turbine blades is not needed and hence computation is cheaper. Results are validated against other numerical and experimental studies as well as panel method (XFOIL) and Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) results which are still widely employed in today's wind energy industry. Important simulation and operation parameters and their effects on accuracy are discussed. It is concluded that within a certain range of tip speed ratios, ALM gives acceptable results and is a promising model for full-scale wind farm simulations to estimate energy production. 1 INTRODUCTION Market share of renewable energy grows at ever highest rates and wind turbine and wind farm design processes becomes more sophisticated with the advancements in computation technologies. There are two main design problems in wind energy: • Design of an individual wind turbine at its ideal operation conditions, where classical methods like 2D airfoil theory, potential flow theory and Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) are still widely used, • Design of a complete wind farm, in which statistical meteorological data is used for macro-siting and simple analytical or empirical methods are used for micro-siting. -
Design and Simulation of Small Wind Turbine Blades in Q-Blade
© 2017 IJEDR | Volume 5, Issue 4 | ISSN: 2321-9939 Design and Simulation of Small Wind Turbine Blades in Q-Blade 1Veeksha Rao Ponakala, 2Dr G Anil Kumar 1PG Student, 2Assistant Professor School of Renewable Energy and Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, JNTUK, Kakinada, India Abstract- Electrical energy demand has been continuously increasing. Power generation using wind turbines is becoming viable solution as there is demand for cleaner energy sources. Wind power generators are usually located away from human dwellings for higher power generation. In any other case, turbines placed at lower altitudes, are subjected to low wind speeds and non optimal wind flow conditions. Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are more efficient than the horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) for low wind speed applications because of their ability to capture wind flowing from any direction. Therefore, VAWT systems are more suitable for residential and urban applications as they are universally adaptable. Major limitation observed in VAWT is high drag and turbulent force produced by the blade. This paper presents the VAWT rotor blade design to overcome the limitations. By considering the parameters required for design of blade geometry, National Advisory Committee of Aeronautics (NACA) series 0016- 64 can be utilised for optimum aerodynamic performance. NACA 0018 airfoil is selected and analysed within the required range of Reynolds numbers and wind speeds in Q-Blade software. With the proper airfoil design optimal for low wind speed conditions, the turbine efficiency can be increased in addition to maximisation of the power produced. Index Terms- VAWT, Rotor Blades, Airfoil, Lift Force, Drag Force, Q-Blade. -
Turbine Directory
Turbine Directory Wind turbines are the one component that wind farms Ten turbine manufacturers were selected for this simply cannot do without. More than 100 wind turbine directory, based on U.S. wind energy capacity installed manufacturers exist globally, offering as many 1,000 during 2012* (Source: AWEA U.S. Wind Industry An- turbine models. No single turbine is the right fit for nual Market Report Year End 2012). Technical spec- every application. ifications were taken from manufacturers’ literature In the following pages, Wind Systems has compiled or otherwise provided by the manufacturers. Readers news, turbine models, and general specifications from should contact the turbine manufacturer directly for common utility-scale wind turbine manufacturers, in its complete specifications. inaugural Turbine Directory. * Companies with top-ten 2012 market share that have ceased manufacture of new wind turbines were not included in this directory. windsystemsmag.com 21 inFOCUS: Turbine Directory GE Energy General Electric’s onshore wind turbine portfolio consists of five models ranging from 1.7 to 3.2 MW, with various configurations to meet project requirements. GE is the top wind turbine manufacturer in the U.S., with 3,003 turbines (5,014 MW) installed during 2012, accounting for a 38.2 percent market share. GE turbines account for more than 24 GW of installed wind power capacity in the U.S. GE’s 2.5-120 turbine now operating commercially at German site Two months after the commercial operation in 8,000-megawatt hours a of the “Energiewende” on a completion of installation, Schnaittenbach, a town in year, which is equivalent regional level. -
Qblade Guidelines V0.6
QBlade Guidelines v0.6 David Marten Juliane Wendler January 18, 2013 Contact: david.marten(at)tu-berlin.de Contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Blade design and simulation in the wind turbine industry . 5 1.2 The software project . 7 2 Software implementation 9 2.1 Code limitations . 9 2.2 Code structure . 9 2.3 Plotting results / Graph controls . 11 3 TUTORIAL: How to create simulations in QBlade 13 4 XFOIL and XFLR/QFLR 29 5 The QBlade 360◦ extrapolation module 30 5.0.1 Basics . 30 5.0.2 Montgomery extrapolation . 31 5.0.3 Viterna-Corrigan post stall model . 32 6 The QBlade HAWT module 33 6.1 Basics . 33 6.1.1 The Blade Element Momentum Method . 33 6.1.2 Iteration procedure . 33 6.2 The blade design and optimization submodule . 34 6.2.1 Blade optimization . 36 6.2.2 Blade scaling . 37 6.2.3 Advanced design . 38 6.3 The rotor simulation submodule . 39 6.4 The multi parameter simulation submodule . 40 6.5 The turbine definition and simulation submodule . 41 6.6 Simulation settings . 43 6.6.1 Simulation Parameters . 43 6.6.2 Corrections . 47 6.7 Simulation results . 52 6.7.1 Data storage and visualization . 52 6.7.2 Variable listings . 53 3 Contents 7 The QBlade VAWT Module 56 7.1 Basics . 56 7.1.1 Method of operation . 56 7.1.2 The Double-Multiple Streamtube Model . 57 7.1.3 Velocities . 59 7.1.4 Iteration procedure . 59 7.1.5 Limitations . 60 7.2 The blade design and optimization submodule . -
Performance Analysis of a Small Capacity Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Using Qblade
International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-7, Issue-6S, March 2019 Performance Analysis of a Small Capacity Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine using QBlade Ali Said, Mazharul Islam, Mohiuddin A.K.M, Moumen Idres Abstract--- In recent times, wind energy has become one of the In this article, selected prospective airfoils have been leading renewable energy sources for generating electricity in identified and analyzed with the help of Qblade software. prospective regions around the globe. Nowadays, researchers are Results for a 3kW HAWT have also been validated with conducting different research activities to develop and optimize existing experimental results from Anderson et al [3]. The the existing designs of wind turbines through experimental and diversified computational techniques. Among the computational current research outcomes are expected to help the techniques, one of the popular choices is Computational Fluid prospective researchers to design optimized smaller-capacity Dynamics (CFD). However, CFD techniques are hardware HAWT for different prospective locations. intensive and computationally expensive. On the other hand, freely available simple tools like QBlade is computationally inexpensive and it can be used for performance and design analyses of horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines. In the present research, an attempt has been made to use QBlade for performance analyses of a smaller capacity horizontal axis wind turbine using selected prospective airfoils. In this study, four airfoils (namely, NACA 4412, SG6043, SD7062 and S833) have been selected and investigated in QBlade. It has been found that the overall power coefficients (CP) of NACA 4412 at different tip speed ratios are superior to the other three airfoils. -
Book of Abstracts
Book of abstracts 9th PhD Seminar on Wind Energy in Europe September 18-20, 2013 Uppsala University Campus Gotland, Sweden Campus Gotland WIND ENERGY Book of abstracts of 9th PhD Seminar on Wind Energy in Europe Uppsala University Campus Gotland, Sweden Campus Gotland, Wind Energy 621 67 Visby PREFACE The wind energy field is becoming more and more important in relation with future challenges of switching the world energy system to renewables. Therefore it is of high importance that tomorrow’s researchers in the field from all over the word meet and discuss future challenges. The 9th annual EAWE PhD seminar is in 2013 organized by Uppsala University Campus Gotland. This is a very suitable place for this event since it combines a unique historical environment with a sustainable profile and a long tradition of wind energy. Today about 45% of the energy consumption is locally produced by wind energy. Uppsala University Campus Gotland also has more than 10 years experience of teaching and research in the field with a focus on wind power project development. The aim with this seminar is to improve the international communication and information sharing of ongoing activities as well as simplify contact building between young researchers. It is also a perfect opportunity for PhD students to practice and improve their presentation and discussion skills. Associate Professor Stefan Ivanell Director, Wind Energy Uppsala University, Campus Gotland Book of abstracts of 9th PhD Seminar on Wind Energy in Europe September 18-20, 2013, Uppsala University Campus Gotland, Sweden TABLE OF CONTENTS ROTOR & WAKE AERODYNAMICS UNDERSTANDING THE WIND TURBINE BREAKDOWN MECHANISM WITH CFD M. -
Numerical Simulations of a Large Offshore Wind Turbine Exposed to Turbulent Inflow Conditions
9th European Seminar OWEMES 2017 Numerical simulations of a large offshore wind turbine exposed to turbulent inflow conditions Galih Bangga, Giorgia Guma, Thorsten Lutz and Ewald Krämer Institute of Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics (IAG),University of Stuttgart, Germany [email protected] Abstract – The present works are intended to investigate the aerodynamic responses of a large generic 10MW offshore wind turbine under turbulent inflow conditions. The non-linear Lifting Line Free Vortex Wake Simulations approach is employed for this purpose computed using the QBlade code. In these studies, the effects of a three-dimensional (3D) correction model for the airfoil polars were studied in advance. For this purpose, the Blade Element Momentum computations employing the corrected polars are performed and compared to Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, and a good agreement is obtained between both employed approaches. Background turbulence is then imposed in the QLLT simulations with the turbulence intensities ranging from low to high turbulence levels (3% - 15%). Furthermore, the impact of wind shear from different locations (offshore and onshore) is investigated in the present works. 1. Introduction A fundamental issue in accurate estimation of the power output has been noted with the continuous increase of the offshore wind farm size which is partly contributed by difficulties in flow and wake modeling [1]. This is particularly caused by the complexity of the wake downstream of the turbine and their relationship with atmospheric variables such as the variability of wind speed, direction, turbulence and atmospheric stability that is not yet fully understood [2]. Further understanding of the relationships between these variables is required to improve the current state of the art wind farm and wake models. -
Description of an 8 MW Reference Wind Turbine
Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER • OPEN ACCESS Recent citations Description of an 8 MW reference wind turbine - Cyclic flexural test and loading protocol for steel wind turbine tower columns To cite this article: Cian Desmond et al 2016 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 753 092013 Chung-Che Chou et al - Techno-economic system analysis of an offshore energy hub with an outlook on electrofuel applications Christian Thommessen et al View the article online for updates and enhancements. - Evaluating wind turbine power coefficient—An undergraduate experiment Edward W. K. Chan et al This content was downloaded from IP address 170.106.40.139 on 26/09/2021 at 05:57 The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2016) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (2016) 092013 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/753/9/092013 Description of an 8 MW reference wind turbine Cian Desmond1, Jimmy Murphy1, Lindert Blonk2 and Wouter Haans2 1 MaREI, University College Cork, Ireland 2 DNV-GL, Turbine Engineering, Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. An 8 MW wind turbine is described in terms of mass distribution, dimensions, power curve, thrust curve, maximum design load and tower configuration. This turbine has been described as part of the EU FP7 project LEANWIND in order to facilitate research into logistics and naval architecture efficiencies for future offshore wind installations. The design of this 8 MW reference wind turbine has been checked and validated by the design consultancy DNV-GL. This turbine description is intended to bridge the gap between the NREL 5 MW and DTU 10 MW reference turbines and thus contribute to the standardisation of research and development activities in the offshore wind energy industry. -
Offshore Wind Energy Resource Assessment Across the Territory of Oman: a Spatial-Temporal Data Analysis
sustainability Article Offshore Wind Energy Resource Assessment across the Territory of Oman: A Spatial-Temporal Data Analysis Amer Al-Hinai 1,2,* , Yassine Charabi 3 and Seyed H. Aghay Kaboli 1,3 1 Sustainable Energy Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, 123 Muscat, Oman; [email protected] 2 Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, 123 Muscat, Oman 3 Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, 123 Muscat, Oman; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Despite the long shoreline of Oman, the wind energy industry is still confined to onshore due to the lack of knowledge about offshore wind potential. A spatial-temporal wind data analysis is performed in this research to find the locations in Oman’s territorial seas with the highest potential for offshore wind energy. Thus, wind data are statistically analyzed for assessing wind characteristics. Statistical analysis of wind data include the wind power density, and Weibull scale and shape factors. In addition, there is an estimation of the possible energy production and capacity factor by three commercial offshore wind turbines suitable for 80 up to a 110 m hub height. The findings show that offshore wind turbines can produce at least 1.34 times more energy than land-based and nearshore wind turbines. Additionally, offshore wind turbines generate more power in the Omani peak electricity demand during the summer. Thus, offshore wind turbines have great advantages over land-based wind turbines in Oman. Overall, this work provides guidance on the deployment Citation: Al-Hinai, A.; Charabi, Y.; and production of offshore wind energy in Oman. -
LCOE Reduction for the Next Generation Offshore Wind Turbines
LCOE reduction for the next generation offshore wind turbines OUTCOMES FROM THE INNWIND.EU PROJECT October 2017 Funded by the European Co-fundedCommunity’s by theSeventh Intelligent Energy Europe ProgrammeFramework ofProgramme the European Union LCOE reduction for the next generation offshore wind turbines OUTCOMES FROM THE INNWIND.EU PROJECT October 2017 www.innwind.eu PRINCIPAL AUTHORS: Peter Hjuler Jensen (DTU) Takis Chaviaropoulos (NTUA) Anand Natarajan (DTU) AUTHORS (PROJECT PARTNERS): Flemming Rasmussen (DTU) Helge Aagaard Madsen (DTU) Peter Jamieson (Univ. of Strathclyde) Jan-Willem Van Wingerden (TU Delft) Vasilis Riziotis (NTUA) Athanasios Barlas (DTU) Henk Polinder (TU Delft) Asger Bech Abrahamsen (DTU) David Powell (Magnomatics) Gerrit Jan Van Zinderen (DNV GL) Daniel Kaufer (Rambøll) Rasoul Shirzadeh (Univ. of Oldenburg) Jose Azcona Armendariz (CENER) Spyros Voutsinas (NTUA) Andreas Manjock (DNV GL) Uwe Schmidt Paulsen (DTU) James Dobbin (DNV GL) Sabina Potestio (WindEurope) PROJECT COORDINATION: Peter Hjuler Jensen (DTU) PUBLICATION COORDINATION: Sabina Potestio (WindEurope) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Ervin Bossanyi (DNV GL), Kais Atallah (Univ. of Sheffield), Paul Weaver (Univ. of Bristol), Arno Van Wingerde (Fraunhofer IWES), Martin Kuhn (University of Oldenburg), Stoyan Kanev (ECN), Bernard Bulder (ECN), Detlev Heinemann (Univ. of Oldenburg), John Dalsgaard Sørensen (AAU), Zhe Chen (AAU), Po Wen Cheng (Univ. of Stuttgart), Frank Lemmer (Univ. of Stuttgart), Ole Petersen (DHI), Ben Hendriks (WMC), Kimon Argyriadis (DNV GL), Raimund Rolfes (Univ. of Hannover), Dimitris Saravanos (Univ. Patras), Andreas Makris (CRES), Niklas Magnusson (SINTEF), William Leithead (Univ. of Strathclyde), Carlos Pizarro De La Fuente (Gamesa), Arwyn Thomas and Per H. Lauritsen (Siemens), Harald Bersee (SE Blades), Carlo Bottasso (Politecnico di Milano), Alessandro Croce (Politecnico di Milano), Jason Jonkman (NREL), Antonio Ugarte (CENER), Paul Todd (Magnomatics).