Updated Resettlement Plan Project Number: 47341-003 Loan Number: 3690 April 2019 India: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Road Connectivity Investment Program-Tranche 2 Imphal-Moreh (Package-1) Road Section from Km 330.00 Imphal to Km. 350.00 Wangjing Prepared by Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India for the Asian Development Bank. This updated resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 31 March 2019) Currency Unit – Indian Rupee (INR) INR 1.00 = 0.014 USD USD 1.00 = INR 69 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank BSR – Basic Schedule of Rates DC – District Collector DP – Displaced person EA – Executing Agency GOI – Government of India GRC – Grievance Redressal Committee IA – Implementing Agency IAY – Indira Awaas Yojana IPP – Indigenous Peoples Plan LA – Land acquisition L&LRO – Land and Land Revenue Office RFCT in – The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land LARR Act Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 – 2013 LVC – Land Valuation Committee MORTH – Ministry of Road Transport and Highways NGO – Nongovernment organization NHA – National Highways Act, 1956 NRRP – National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy, 2007 PD – Project Director PIU – Project implementation unit PWD – Public Works Department MPWD – Manipur Public Works Department WBPWD – West Bengal Public Works (Roads) Department R&R – Resettlement and rehabilitation RF – Resettlement framework RO – Resettlement Officer ROW – Right-of-way RP – Resettlement plan SC – Scheduled caste SH – State highway SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement ST – Scheduled tribe This resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1 A. Introduction 1 B. Subproject Road 2 C. General Profile of the Subproject Area 3 D. Subproject Impacts and Benefits 4 E. Minimizing Resettlement 5 F. Scope and Objective of Resettlement Plan (RP) 5 G. Methodology for Social Impact Assessment 5 II. SCOPE OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT 8 A. Land Acquisition Requirement 8 B. Resettlement Impacts 8 C. Loss of Private Land in the Subproject 8 D. Loss of Private Structures in the Subproject 9 E. Magnitude of Resettlement impacts 9 F. Type of Private Structure in the Subproject 9 G. Type of Construction of Affected Structures 10 H. Loss of Livelihoods in the Subproject 10 I. Nature of CPR Loss 10 III. SOCIOECONOMIC INFORMATION AND PROFILE 11 A. General Socioeconomic Profile of Subproject Area 11 B. Social Categories of the DPs 11 C. Number of DPs 11 D. Vulnerable Households being affected in the Subproject 11 E. Annual Income Level of the Affected Households 12 F. Educational Status of DPs 12 G. Occupational Status of DPs 13 IV. STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 14 A. Stakeholders in the Subproject 14 B. Public Consultation in the Subproject 14 C. Methods of Public Consultation 14 D. Scope of Consultation and Issues 15 E. Findings of Focused Group Discussions 15 F. Consultation with Officials and Other Stakeholders 16 G. Plan for further Consultation in the Subproject 18 H. Information Disclosure 19 V. LEGAL FRAMEWORK 20 A. Introduction 20 B. Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act (RFCT in LARR), 2013 20 C. Legal and Policy Frameworks of Manipur State 20 D. Provisions of the Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA), 1996 22 E. The Constitution (Twenty-seventh Amendment) Act, 1971 22 F. The Constitution (Eighty-Ninth Amendment) Act, 2003 22 G. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 22 H. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009 22 I. Comparison of Government and ADB Policies 23 J. R&R Policy Framework for the Subproject 27 K. Valuation of Assets 29 L. Procedure for Land Acquisition under the Subproject 31 VI. ENTITLEMENTS, ASSISTANCE AND BENEFITS 33 A. Introduction 33 B. Cut-off-Date for Entitlement 33 C. Subproject Entitlement 33 D. Entitlement Matrix 36 VII. RELOCATION OF HOUSING AND SETTLEMENTS 50 A. Basic Provision for Relocation 50 B. Need for Relocation 50 C. Relocation and Compensation Option by DPs 50 D. Relocation Strategy 50 VIII. INCOME RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION 52 A. Loss of Livelihoods in the Subproject 52 B. Provisions for Loss of Livelihood 52 C. Income Restoration Measures 53 D. Additional Support from Ongoing Poverty Reduction Programs 54 IX. RESETTLEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING PLAN 55 A. Introduction 55 B. Compensation 55 C. Assistance 56 D. Compensation for Community and Government Property 56 E. RP Implementation and Support Cost 56 F. Source of Funding and Fund Flow Management 57 G. R&R Budget 57 X. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 59 A. Introduction 59 B. Grievance Redress Mechanism 59 C. Constitution and Function of the GRC 59 D. Operational Mechanisms of GRC 60 XI. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT 62 A. Institutional Requirement 62 B. Executing Agency 62 C. Resettlement Management at PIU 62 D. Nongovernment Organization (NGO) 63 E. Capacity Building on RP in the EA 65 XII. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 67 A. Introduction 67 B. Schedule for Subproject Implementation 67 C. Subproject Preparation Phase 67 D. RP Implementation Phase 67 E. Monitoring and Reporting Period 67 F. R&R Implementation Schedule 68 XIII. MONITORING AND REPORTING 69 A. Need for Monitoring and Reporting 69 B. Monitoring in the Subproject 69 C. Monitoring by PIU 69 D. External Expert 69 E. Stages of Monitoring 70 F. Preparatory Stage 70 G. Relocation Stage 71 H. Rehabilitation Stage 71 I. Monitoring Indicators 71 J. Reporting Requirements 74 Appendix 1: Census Survey Questionnaire 75 Appendix 5: Government of Manipur Order for Land Purchase 170 APPENDIXES Appendix-1: Census Survey Questionnaire 75 Appendix-2: List of DPs 79 Appendix-3: list of CPRs 151 Appendix-4: List of Participants and Photographs of FGD 162 Appendix-5: Government of Manipur Order for Land Purchase 169 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: List of Villages in the Alignment 3 Table 2: Land Acquisition Requirements under the Project 8 Table 3: Loss of Private Land and impacts 8 Table 4: Loss of Private Structures in the Subproject 9 Table 5: Magnitude of Resettlement Impacts 9 Table 6: Type of Impacts due to Loss of Private Structure 9 Table 7: Type of Construction of Affected Structure 10 Table 8: Loss of Livelihoods in the Subproject 10 Table 9: Type of affected CPR 10 Table 10: Social Categories of the DPs 11 Table 11: Number of DPs 11 Table 12: Vulnerable Households being affected 12 Table 13: Annual Income Level of the Affected Households 12 Table 14: Educational Status of DPs 13 Table 15: Occupational Status of DPs 13 Table 16: Methods of Public Consultations 14 Table 17: Summary findings of Consultation 15 Table 18: Details of Consultation with Officials and Other Stakeholders 16 Table 19: Format for Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan 18 Table: 20 Comparison of ADB and GoI Policy 23 Table 21: Entitlement Matrix 37 Table 22: Loss of Livelihoods in the Subproject 52 Table 23: R&R Budget 57 Table 24: Agencies Responsible for Resettlement Implementation 63 Table 25: R&R Implementation Schedule 68 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Subproject Location Map............................................................................................. 2 Figure 2: Sample Land Acquisition Plan ..................................................................................... 6 Figure 3: Grievance Redress Mechanism .................................................................................60 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1. The SASEC Road Connectivity Investment Program (“SRCIP”) will improve road connectivity and efficiency of the international trade corridor, by expanding about 500 km of roads in the North Bengal and Northeastern Region (NB-NER) of India. The project area under SRCIP is a key strategic thoroughfare integrating South and South East Asia, bordering Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar and Nepal. It will enable efficient and safe transport within India and regionally with other South Asia Sub Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) member countries. Ultimately, SRCIP will pave the way from India and other South Asian countries to Myanmar, and further afield to other member countries of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). 2. In accordance with ADB’s Multi-tranche Financing Facility (MFF) modality, under Tranche 1 of the investment program, two subprojects totaling about 134 km in West Bengal and one -core subproject in the State of Manipur are taken up considering their significant regional cooperation and integration impacts, economic viability, and social, resettlement and environmental soundness. Another section of Asian Highway (AH-1) from Imphal-Moreh Road in the State of Manipur is being considered for financing as a subproject of Tranche 2. The present study section, Imphal – Moreh is part of Asian Highway AH1 in Manipur state in India. AH 1 is the longest route of the Asian Highway Network, running 12,845 miles (20,557 km) from Tokyo, Japan via Korea, China, Southeast Asia, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran to the border between Turkey and Bulgaria west of Istanbul where it joins end-on with European route E80.