Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives

Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives 6th International symposium 25th July, 2020 Vienna 2020 «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives». Proceedings of the 6th International symposium (July 25, 2020). Premier Publishing s.r.o. Vienna. 2020. 76 p. ISBN–13 978-3-903197-25-1 ISBN–10 3-903197-25-4 The recommended citation for this publication is: Koenig L. (Ed.) (2020). Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives. The th6 International symposium proceedings (July 25, 2020), Premier Publishing s.r.o. Vienna. 2020. Pp. 112–117. Editor-in-chief Busch Petra, Austria, Doctor of Economics Melnichuk Marina Vladimirovna, Russia Meymanov Bakyt Kattoevich, Kazakhstan International editorial board Moldabek Kulakhmet, Kazakhstan Abdulkasimov Ali, Uzbekistan Morozova Natalay Ivanovna, Russia Adieva Aynura Abduzhalalovna, Kyrgyzstan Moskvin Victor Anatolevich, Russia Akhmedova Raziyat Abdullayevna, Russia Navruzzoda Bakhtiyor, Tajikistan Atayev Zagir Vagitovich, Russia Novikov Alexei, Russia Balabiev Kairat Rahimovich, Kazakhstan Petrov Vasily Borisovich, Russia Barlybaeva Saule Hatiyatovna, Kazakhstan Salaev Sanatbek Komiljanovich, Uzbekistan Bogolib Tatiana Maksimovna, Ukraine Salamatovna Ibraeva Alua, Kazakhstan Bolshakov Andrey Georgievich, Russia Shadiev Rizamat Davranovich, Uzbekistan Bondarenko Natalia Grigorievna, Russia Shhahutova Zarema Zorievna, Russia Bulatbaeva Aygul Abdimazhitovna, Kazakhstan Soltanova Nazilya Bagir, Azerbaijan Chiladze George Bidzinovich, Georgia Spasennikov Boris Aristarkhovich, Russia Dalibor Milorad Elezović, Serbia Suleymanova Rima, Russia Fazekas Alajos, Hungary Tereschenko-Kaidan Liliya Vladimirovna, Ukraine Gaydin Sergey Tihonovich, Russia Tsersvadze Mzia Giglaevna, Georgia Gurov Valeriy Nikolaevich, Russia Yashkova Tatiana Alexeevna, Russia Ibragimova Liliya Ahmatyanovna, Russia Yurova Kseniya Igorevna, Russia Ibraeva Alua Salamatovna Kazakhstan Zhaplova Tatiana Mikhaylovna, Russia Ivana Blahuna, Ukraine Zolotukhina-Abolina Elena, Russia Ivannikov Ivan Andreevich, Russia Jansarayeva Rima, Kazakhstan Proofreading Andrey Simakov Khurtsidze Tamila Shalvovna, Georgia Cover design Andreas Vogel Konstantinova Slavka, Bulgaria Editorial office Premier Publishing s.r.o. 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Printed by Premier Publishing s.r.o., in Vienna, Austria on acid-free paper. Cultural studies 3 Section 1. Cultural studies Kadagidze Lamara, Ph.D in Education, School of International Relations and Diplomacy New Vision University, Georgia E-mail: [email protected] TRANSNATIONAL CULTURAL ROUTE OF THE HOLY ROBE TO ENHANCE PILGRIMAGE AND/ OR RELIGIOUS TOURISM IN GEORGIA Abstract. Although cultural routes are known as “cross-border cultural connec- tion paths” they can also be “a defined geographic area, which is connected by a common theme” 1. In the spirit of utter advocacy of the definition provided, the article introduces the transnational cultural route of the Holy Robe comprising of three countries (France, Germany and Georgia) uniting Catholic and Orthodox church traditions to promote pilgrimage and/or religious tourism in Georgia attempting to ensure the preservation of sustainable cultural heritage of Europe by making it a ground for growth and jobs. The paper does not claim to reveal a case study of a suggested route reinforced by the scientific data, but is rather an attempt to introduce the research- based possibilities the Holy Robe Route might encompass; the article likewise as- serts to attract entities interested by displaying the input of participant observation, in-depth interviews, and pilgrims’ experience. Keywords: transnational cultural routes, pilgrimage and religious tourism, Geor- gia, Europe. Introduction: Pilgrimage sites attract masses of pilgrims like they did in ancient times, the difference now is that pilgrims are not only interested in visiting the holy place but also interested in every aspect that surrounds the way to that place, becoming religious tourists or people on holiday interested in some religious activities. Pilgrim- 1 Häfele E. “European Cultural Routes”. A Practical Guide. – Viena, Austria: Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth, Department for Tourism and Historic Objects. 2013. 4 Section 1. age requires a pilgrim to make a conscious decision, withstand the hardships of a journey but also to fulfil several other pilgrim duties 1. A route has to develop new business opportunities to the cities and villages in the route to a pilgrim place. Business activities can be connected with cultural and religious tourism management possibilities. Local traditions, rituals and cultural festivals can be used as a tourist product. Local residents know their tourist product much better then outsiders and they can play an important role in terms of the promotion of a destination. Thus, the tourism development depends on local community involve- ment through their roles as employees in development authorities, hoteliers, guides and their attitudes towards tourists 2. Why Cultural Routes? General Description and Statistics: Mass tourism fashion of the ’70 s and ’80 s is long gone since there emerged the urgency for sustainable tourism backed by environmentally safe (“greener”), ethical and supportive trends because a contemporary tourist is not only an “egotourist” functionally implementing the main essence of the concept which is to be diversi- fied, demanding and oriented on meaningfully spending leisure time, but they have to be an “ecotourist” as well contributing to the field by being academically aware of cultural/historic and social heritage and be caring about infrastructural and en- vironmental values of a certain sight or destination. Moreover, the global Covid-19 pandemic has put more burden on tourism segment worldwide setting firm -de mands for critical alterations and readjustment. Trying to minimize and/or prevent negative consequences of overtourism, new means have to be devised to ensure the maintenance of significant assets with local stakeholders and local societies playing a pivotal role. Cultural routes are a beneficial alternative providing a network of academics, municipal authorities and entrepreneurs bringing together several countries and common but still multicolored cultures. They create a three-dimensional approach comprising of knowledge and innovation established between research institutes, academic institutions and businesses. The outline of the suggested route is for pilgrims to visit three destinations of the Holy Tunic as the historical sources and traditions claim. The route might start in Argenteuil’s Basilique Saint-Denys, France (near Paris), the second destination would be St. Peter’s cathedral in Trier, Germany and the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral in Georgia would serve as the final destination of the route. 1 Raj R., and Griffin K. Religious Tourism and Pilgrimade Management: an International Perspective, 2nd edition. CPI Group – UK. 2015. – P. 1–16. Rzeczpospolita newspaper (n. d.) [Online: URL: http://www.rp.pl/artykul/1130422-Nowe-miejscana-mapie-polskich-pielgrzymek.html#ap-1, retrieved 10.09.2016] 2 Tosun C. Expected Nature of Community Participation in Tourism Development. Tourism Management, – 27(3). 2006. – P. 493–504. Cultural studies 5 Why Georgia? As one of the few countries where churches, mosques, synagogues and chapels co- exist peacefully side by side, being among the list of the preliminary states converting to Christianity, in the 4th century AD, preserving Chiton of the Lord and the Cross of St. Nino, Georgia has over 12 000 Orthodox Churches and 119 of them are situated only in the capital. Many of them are major visitor attractions that welcomed over 7 million international travelers and visitors in 2019 1. According to the National Statistics Office of Georgia Mtskheta-Mtianeti is the 4th visited region of Georgia after Tbilisi, Adjara and Lower Kartli2. The following data displays the percentage of frequently visited monasteries across Georgia in 2019 and 1st quarter of 2020 2 (See Table 1). Table 1. % share % share Quar- Visited Locations 2019 ter I 2020 Sighnaghi (Bodbe Monastery, etc.) 3.70% 1.80% Kvareli (Nekresi Monastery, Kvareli lake, Ilia 0.70% 0.10% Chavchavadze’s museum, etc.) David Gareji Monastery 0.70% 0.10% Mtskheta (Svetitskhoveli Cathedral, Jvari monastery, Armazi fortress, Samtavro Monastery, 6.80% 3.80% Pompey’s bridge, etc.) Kazbegi (Gergeti Trinity church, etc.) 8.30% 5.60% Ananuri (Church, Zhinvali Reservoir, etc.) 1.60% 0.80% Bolnisi (Bolnisis

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