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The Life and Letters of Lady Sarah Lennox, 1745-1826

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The Life and Letters of Lady Sarah Lennox, 1745-1826 Vfi H ex-* 7*" QJacnell HntBersity ffiihraty Stljaca, Keid gork BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF HENRY W. SAGE 1891 Date Due SEP—? 7 1941 MAY 2 7 1'349 j 11 1357 T,S MW 12- 2Z=£: CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 743 Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924088010743 THE LIFE AND LETTERS OF Lady Sarah Lennox First Edition .... October, 1901. Reprinted November, 1901. Reprinted December, 1901. Reprinted January, 1902. Reprinted March, 1902. THE LIFE AND LETTERS OF Lady Sarah Lennox 1745-1826 DAUGHTER OF CHARLES, 2ND DUKE OF RICHMOND, AND SUCCESSIVELY THE WIFE OF SIR THOMAS CHARLES BUNBURY, BART., AND OF THE HON: GEORGE NAPIER; ALSO A SHORT POLITICAL SKETCH "OF THE YEARS 1760 TO 1763 BY HENRY FOX, 1ST LORD HOLLAND EDITED BY THE COUNTESS OF ILCHESTER AND LORD STAVORDALE With numerous Photogravure Portraits VOLUME I. LONDON JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET 1902 fyv\3r^ PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES. I DEDICATE THIS BOOK TO THE MEMORY OF MY DEAR MOTHER-IN-LAW THE HON. MRS FOX STRANGWAYS TO WHOSE INSPIRATION IN BYGONE DAYS THE PUBLICATION OF THESE PAGES IS LARGELY DUE INTRODUCTION. Lady Sarah Lennox, fourth daughter of Charles, second Duke of Richmond, and Sarah, second daughter of William, Earl Cadogan, was the heroine of so much that is romantic, and was so constantly in touch with many persons of historical and general interest during her long and eventful life, that I think no apology is needed for bringing her letters before those who care to read them. But, beyond all this, the chief interest of the correspondence centres in her own charming personality, her buoyant spirits in early youth, her wonderful unselfishness and humility of mind which, as years went on, shine forth more and more in these letters ; in fact, they may be regarded almost as a diary of thoughts and feelings, which she seems to have revealed only to the one friend of her early youth. Lady Sarah was born February 25, 1745, the youngest but one of five sisters, and had the mis- fortune to lose both parents when only six years of age. Her grandmother, Lady Gadogan, had the care of her for some years, after which she went to Holland House, and was brought up by her eldest sister, Lady Caroline Fox, afterwards first Lady Holland. There, while still a child, she met Lady INTRODUCTION. Susan Fox Strangways, the eldest daughter of Lord and Lady Ilchester. The two girls soon became much attached to each other, Lady Susan being senior to Lady Sarah by two years, and the warm friendship which then sprang up between them only increased as years went on, and was of lifelong duration. Lord Ilchester was the eldest brother of Henry Fox (afterwards first Lord Holland), both sons of Sir Stephen Fox. Lord Ilchester married, in i J33, Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Mr and Mrs Strangways Horner, from whom the Strangways estates in Dorsetshire passed into the family. Lord and Lady Ilchester much preferred the country to London, but it is not surprising that a clever, high- spirited girl, such as Lady Susan was, should have found life at Holland House, amidst the gaieties of London, more congenial to her tastes than the quiet, uneventful existence her parents led in the west of England at Melbury and Redlynch. She was a great favourite with her uncle and aunt, and we hear of her paying long visits at Holland House. Thus commenced her intimacy with Lady Sarah, and the correspondence which forms the subject of these volumes, and extends over nearly sixty years. Lady Sarah was only fifteen when the young Prince of Wales was first attracted by her beauty and winsome ways. The tale has already often been recounted, but in the memoir from the pen of her brother-in-law, Lord Holland, who was an eye-witness, we have what may be looked upon as the most authentic account of the romantic episode that has come down to us. For that reason I decided to commence these INTRODUCTION. ix volumes with the memoir which Lord Holland wrote in the year 1763, evidently intending it for publication at some future time. In it he relates many incidents of political interest, some of which I believe have never before been made public. There is no doubt that he intended continuing it much further, but was prevented from doing so by age and failing health. His grandson, Henry Richard, third Lord Holland, and also his great- grandson, the late Lord Holland, both contemplated publishing it at different times, and I found a corre- spondence, dated 1847, at Holland House, between the latter and Captain Henry Napier, Lady Sarah's fifth son, giving on behalf of his brother and himself their hearty approval of that portion of the manu- script relating to their mother being made public. Captain H. Napier also about this time wrote a paper about Lady Sarah, from which short extracts have already been printed in Princess Lichtenstein's book on Holland House ; but as the narrative was written down as nearly as could be from Captain Napier's recollection of what he had heard from his mother's own lips, I thought the whole given consecutively would be of interest, although it deals with the same facts as those recorded in Lord Holland's Memoir, and is therefore to some extent a repetition. I should like to point out how closely the two versions tally, although written at an interval of nearly seventy years. As the letters can in no sense of the word be termed political, more ample notes have been given than would have been necessary had the allusions to politics been in a less disjointed form. I have tried by short historical notes to explain the episodes touched upon, hoping thereby to interest those of vol. i. b ; x INTRODUCTION. my readers who care for such subjects, while others can pass them over. The memoirs and the letters are rendered exactly as in their original form, the curious spell- ing even is faithfully reproduced, but some portions of the letters have been omitted which seemed to be of little general interest, or to be repetitions of what had already been related. Lady Sarah and Lady Susan were both selected as bridesmaids at George III.'s marriage with Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburg, and the white satin dress worn at the wedding is still preserved at Melbury. It is beautifully embroidered in silver, 1 which to this day is quite untarnished. Walpole has told us how Lady Sarah was by " far the chief angel " at the Royal marriage ; how " nothing ever looked so charming as Lady Sarah she has all the glow of beauty peculiar to her family," etc. ; but the details given by him of the wedding are so well known that it is useless to repeat them here, and her surpassing loveliness seems to have been universally admitted. Lady Susan, in a journal which she kept for nearly sixty years, often alludes to it, and tells us her wonderful complexion and the exceeding beauty of counte- nance lasted to the end, notwithstanding her having become totally blind about the age of sixty-five. A few months after the King's marriage (June 2, 1762) Lady Sarah, when just seventeen, married Thomas Charles Bunbury, Esq., eldest son of Sir William Bunbury, Bart., of Barton Hall and Milden Hall, Suffolk, who succeeded his father in 1763 as Sir Charles Bunbury. He was throughout his life 1 Lady Elizabeth Keppel was another of the bridesmaids, and the picture of her given in this volume shows the dress. INTRODUCTION. xi a leading patron of the Turf, kept many horses, which the close proximity of his country seat to Newmarket facilitated, and was famous for being the owner of Diomed, the first Derby winner. Lady Sarah writes often of the happiness of her early married days, but from other sources we gather that Sir Charles was more engrossed by his racing and various other pursuits than by his affection for her. Lady Sarah had many admirers, but her cousin, Lord William Gordon, son of the third Duke of Gordon, was the only one whose feelings she at all reciprocated. A daughter was born at Sir Charles Bunbury's house in Privy Gardens, Whitehall, in December, 1768. On February 19, 1769, overwhelmed with the reproaches of her conscience, she took her child Louisa with her to Redbridge, near Southampton, where she joined Lord William, and never again returned to Sir Charles Bunbury's house. They then fled to Carolside, near Erlstone, in Berwick- shire, which belonged to Mr Home, a member of Lord Home's family, and is now the property of Lady Reay. They remained there about three months, and to this day there exists a walk beside the River Leader named by themselves " The ; Lover's Walk " while close to the house they planted two thorn trees, which, as they grew, intertwined their stems and branches. At this period there is an interval of six years in the letters, for whatever correspondence passed between them Lady Susan has destroyed ; but we know that in November of the same year, 1769, Lady Sarah had returned to her brother, the Duke of Richmond, at Goodwood House, and from that moment her life was perfectly irreproachable ; she : xii INTRODUCTION. lived in absolute seclusion during twelve years, engrossed with the bringing up of her child and with the building of a small house, Halnaker, in Goodwood Park, which still exists.
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