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Border and internal border controls in Norway-Russia 2017 Storskog crossing In response to concerns regarding in- ing conflict or human rights violations. As creased numbers of refugees and mi- a result of such restrictions, people seek- SWEDEN grants arriving at their borders, several ing international protection increasingly European States, including European rely on smugglers or use more danger- ESTONIA Union (EU) Member States, have con- ous routes thus putting their safety even structed fences along their borders and more at risk. UNHCR has long advocated RUSSIAN increased border controls, including in- with national and regional authorities for FEDERATION ternal border controls within the Schen- protection-sensitive border policies and gen area*. While States have the right to practices, including support to protec- LATVIA determine who enters their , they tion-sensitive legislation and procedures also have obligations under international, as well as training efforts, to help author- regional and national law to ensure that ities identify, provide information to, and persons have the opportunity to seek refer to adequate protection procedures LITHUANIA asylum and are not turned away without those apprehended at borders who may an individual assessment of their claim by be in need of international protection as designated authorities. In many places, well as those with specific needs (such as fences and barriers may result in deny- unaccompanied or separated children). ing access to protection to people flee- BELARUS *For some, border fences and controls serve other purposes as well as those related to control. IRELAND

Lesovo, Bulgaria Bogorodica, fYR

GERMANY

BELGIUM 5 Calais, CZECH LUXEMBOURG REPUBLIC UKRAINE

SLOVAKIA 1 2 FRANCE AUSTRIA MOLDOVA HUNGARY Nea Vyssa, Greece Röszke, Hungary

SLOVENIA ROMANIA 4 CROATIA

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SERBIA*

MONTENEGRO 3 4 BULGARIA 1

THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA 3 Calais, France Melilla, ALBANIA SPAIN 2

GREECE PORTUGAL TURKEY

5 6 MALTA

ALGERIA Ceuta, Spain 6 PHOTO CREDIT: 1.©UNHCR/SHUBHASH WOSTEY MOROCCO TUNISIA 2.©UNHCR 3.©UNHCR/ACHILLES ZAVALLIS Melilla, Spain CYPRUS BORDER 4.©UNHCR/MARK HENLEY 5.©UNHCR/JOEL VAN TEMPORARY HOUDT 6.©JOSE PALAZÓN OSMA

This does not depict efforts by the EU and non-EU Member States to prevent irregular departures including from neighbouring states or the reinforcement of border controls through the deployment of additional personnel to EU external borders (including national, bilateral or Frontex deployments as well as the increased engagement of national and multi- lateral army resources including NATO and EUNAVFOR Med deployments). The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the . Fence depictions are for information purposes only and may not correspond to actual locations. *Serbia and Kosovo (S/RES/1244 (1999))