RESEARCH ARTICLE Indoles induce metamorphosis in a broad diversity of jellyfish, but not in a crown jelly (Coronatae) Rebecca R. Helm1,2¤a*, Casey W. Dunn1¤b 1 Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America, 2 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States of America ¤a Current address: Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, NW Washington, DC a1111111111 ¤b Current address: Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States of America a1111111111 *
[email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Many animals go through one or more metamorphoses during their lives, however, the molec- ular underpinnings of metamorphosis across diverse species are not well understood. Medu- OPEN ACCESS sozoa (Cnidaria) is a clade of animals with complex life cycles, these life cycles can include a Citation: Helm RR, Dunn CW (2017) Indoles polyp stage that metamorphoses into a medusa (jellyfish). Medusae are produced through a induce metamorphosis in a broad diversity of variety of different developmental mechanismsÐin some species polyps bud medusae jellyfish, but not in a crown jelly (Coronatae). PLoS (Hydrozoa), in others medusae are formed through polyp fission (Scyphozoa), while in others ONE 12(12): e0188601. https://doi.org/10.1371/ medusae are formed through direct transformation of the polyp (Cubozoa). To better under- journal.pone.0188601 stand the molecular mechanisms that may coordinate these different forms of metamorpho- Editor: Bernd Schierwater, Tierarztliche sis, we tested two compounds first identified to induce metamorphosis in the moon jellyfish Hochschule Hannover, GERMANY Aurelia aurita (indomethacin and 5-methoxy-2-methylindole) on a broad diversity of medu- Received: August 11, 2017 sozoan polyps.