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1. Name Any Two Animal Fibres. A. Wool and Silk. 2. List at Least Four

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1. Name Any Two Animal Fibres. A. Wool and Silk. 2. List at Least Four ZEE HIGH SCHOOL HAYATNAGAR CLASS: 7 SUBJECT: SCIENCE DATE: 13/5/2020 TOPIC: ANIMAL FIBRES (notes) …………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. Answer the following questions in brief: 1. Name any two animal fibres. a. Wool and silk. 2. List at least four animals other than sheep that gives us wool. a. Angora rabbit, Cashmere goat, Yak, and Camel. 3. Write the factors that determine the quality of wool. a. The factors that determine the quality of wool are: Type of silkworm Quality of mulberry leaves fed to the silkworms Selection of cocoons. Weaving and finishing of silk thread. 4. What is sericulture. a. Raising of silkworms to produce raw silk is known as sericulture. 5. Write any two occupational hazards. a. Sorter’s disease or anthrax. b. Allergic reactions such as irritation of skin and eyes. II. Answer the following questions in detail: 1. How are fibres classified? Give examples. A. Fibres are classified by their origin and they fall into two groups. Fibre or cloth material can be classified as: 2. Explain how wool is processed. Write the steps in sequence with the help of a diagram. A. The steps involved in wool production are as follows: i. Shearing: The process of removing and collecting the hair from the animals is called shearing. ii. Scouring: The process of washing wool with water containing soap or detergent and a small amount of alkali like soda ash to remove dirt and grease is called scouring. iii. Sorting: The process by which the damaged or inferior wool is removed from the fleece is called sorting. iv. Grading: The process of sorting the wool according to the length, color and textures of fibre is called grading v. Carding: The process of passing the wool fibre through a series of metal teeth to straighten them is called carding. vi. Spinning: The process of joining thin fibre together by machine to form one strand of yarn is called spinning. vii. Weaving: The process of weaving woollen yarn knitted into fabric is called weaving. 3. Explain the life cycle of silk moth with the help of the diagram. i. Egg: Firstly the female silk moth lays eggs during summer and hatches during spring season. ii. Larva: The egg hatches into larvae or caterpillar which feeds on tender mulberry leaves and this stage lasts for 27 days. *Moulting: During this process the larvae shed their skin 4 times and this process is called moulting. iii. Pupa: The next stage after larva is called pupa, but before entering this stage caterpillar covers itself with silk fibre. This covering is called cocoon. *The color of cocoon can range from white to golden yellow color. iv. Silkworm: The pupa changes into a moth, which comes out of cocoon and female adults lay eggs and the cycle continues. 4. Explain the process of obtaining silk from the cocoon. The cocoons are obtained before the larvae mature. The cocoons are dipped into hot water. The process of obtaining silk threads by soaking cocoons in hot water is called reeling or filature. Separated filaments from 4-8 cocoons slightly twisted to create a single strand. Many strands together constitute a silk yarn. These strands are then spun into silk cloth by weavers. 5. How would you verify whether a silk dress bought by your mother is made from pure silk or artificial one? To verify the authenticity of the silk, hold the small pieceof fabric of your silk dress over the flame with the foreceps. Note down the odour and the manner in which the fabric burns. If the silk fibres burn readily, curl away from flame and smell like burning hair or feathers, it is pure silk. Whereas, if it melts and burns rapidly, smells like burning plastic, so it’s artificial one. 6. Write down one difference between the following. A i. Plant fibres and animal fibres: Plant fibres Animal fibres They are obtained from They are obtained from plants. animals. The base of the plant fibre is The base of the animal fibre cellulose. is protein. Plant fibre are strong with Animal fibres are soft to feel. crisp feel. ii. Merino wool and angora wool: Merino wool Angora wool It is obtained from Merino It is obtained from sheep. Angora rabbit. Wool is soft and thin and Wool is soft and warm. warm. Animal is suited for semi- Animal is suited for cold arid regions. regions. iii. Sorting and scouring Sorting Scouring To remove damaged or To remove oil, wax, inferior wool. impurities. Wool is sorted according Wool is washed in hot to length, color and water and detergent and texture of fibres. then dried. iv. Moulting and reeling: Moulting Reeling The process of shedding The process of obtaining the skin, hair or feathers silk threads by soaking by animals is called cocoons in hot water is moulting. called reeling or filature. 7. Do you think it is safe to wear nylon clothes while bursting crackers on Diwali. No, it is not safe to wear nylon clothes while bursting crackers on Diwali, as they are made from petroleum products and they can catch fire easily. Hence nylon will also catch fire easily. So it’s very dangerous to wear nylon clothes on Diwali. 8. What are occupational hazards? How can you prevent them. a. Workers employed in the wool and silk industries suffer from various kinds of ailments and these ailments are called occupational hazards. b. These occupational hazards can be prevented by using less dangerous chemicals, proper exhaust and ventilation and personal protective equipment and good washing facilities and strict personal hygiene. .
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