DOCSLIB.ORG

Introduction

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Introduction Introduction Exhibit The June 25, 1950 North Korean invasion of Introduction South Korea was declared a breach of the peace The United Nations Flag and immediate action was taken by the United Belgium/Luxembourg Nations. To repel the attack and restore Colombia international peace, a resolution asking members Ethiopia to intervene on behalf of South Korea was put France forth. Twenty one nations answered the call, Greece providing combat forces and medical aid. For Netherlands the first time in the history of the United Nations Philippines Republic of Korea men and women from many countries fought to South Africa preserve freedom under one banner. Thailand Turkey United States British Commonwealth Forces Australia Canada New Zealand The United Kingdom Medical Support Units Denmark India An Australian, United States, South Korean and Italy Filipino Soldier Norway Courtesy of the National Archives Sweden Educational Activity Fill in the Blanks Matching The United Nations Flag Exhibit Introduction The United Nations flag was officially adopted on The United Nations Flag October 20, 1947 by the General Assembly of the Belgium/Luxembourg United Nations. The flag has a blue field. It’s white Colombia emblem represents a map of the world, omitting Ethiopia Antarctica, and is surrounded by an olive wreath. France The vertical line in the center depicts the Greenwich Greece meridian and the International Date Line. Netherlands Philippines Republic of Korea South Africa Thailand I accept this flag with deep emotion. It symbolizes one of the greatest efforts man has ever made to free himself. Turkey The Far East Command will do its best to uphold this noblest of ideals. United States British Commonwealth Forces General Douglas MacArthur Australia Canada New Zealand The United Kingdom Medical Support Units Denmark India Italy Norway Sweden Educational Activity Fill in the Blanks Matching Exhibit Belgium Luxembourg Introduction The United Nations Flag Belgium/Luxembourg In support of the United Nations, Belgium contributed Colombia an infantry battalion and Luxembourg a rifle platoon. Ethiopia Arriving in Pusan, Korea on January 31, 1951 the France combined forces of the two nations fought as a single Greece unit known as the "BELUX Battalion". Normally Netherlands attached to a U.S. or British Commonwealth Regiment Philippines or Brigade the BELUX Battalion earned a reputation Republic of Korea as gallant soldiers. They were involved in many South Africa Thailand engagements such as the Imjin River Battle in April Turkey 1951 and the Haktang-ni Battle in October 1951. Belgium Soldiers United States The Luxembourg troops left Korea in January 1953, Centre de Production Didactique de La Force Terrestre British Commonwealth Forces while the Belgian troops remained in Korea until Belgium Australia June 1955. Canada New Zealand The United Kingdom Medical Support Units Denmark India Italy Norway Sweden Educational Activity Fill in the Blanks Matching Belgium Jeeps Centre de Production Didactique de La Force Terrestre Belgium Exhibit Colombia Introduction The United Nations Flag Colombia, the only South American nation to support the United Nations during the Korean War, furnished an Belgium/Luxembourg infantry battalion and one frigate. Beginning with the frigate Almirante Padilla the Colombian Navy maintained Colombia one frigate continuously in Korean waters from May 8, 1951 to October 11, 1955. Operating under the United Ethiopia Nations Command, they conducted inshore patrols, escorted convoys and defended islands. The Columbian Infantry France Battalion arrived in Pusan on June 15, 1951. Attached to the U.S. 24th Division and later the U.S. 7th Division the Greece battalion fought bravely and is most noted for their stand against a large-scale Chinese attack on the Colombian Netherlands outpost Old Baldy during March 1953. The last Colombian Infantry Battalion returned home on October 24, 1954. Philippines Republic of Korea South Africa Thailand Turkey United States British Commonwealth Forces Australia Canada New Zealand The United Kingdom Medical Support Units Denmark India Italy Norway Sweden Lt. General James A. Van Fleet and Lt. Colonel Jaime Polania watches Colombian battalion troops crawl under Educational Activity Colombian soldiers arrive in Korea, June 1951. barbed wire, Pusan, Korea, June 23, 1951. Courtesy of U.S. Military History Institute Courtesy of the National Archives Fill in the Blanks Matching Exhibit Ethiopia Introduction The United Nations Flag The Ethiopian government provided the elite Belgium/Luxembourg Kagnew Infantry Battalion who trained Colombia extensively at home for eight months before Ethiopia arriving in Korea on May 7, 1951. Mostly France attached to the U.S. 7th Infantry Division, Greece the battalion gained the reputation for being Netherlands fierce and tough. The Ethiopian rotation Philippines system allowed for unit rotation instead of Republic of Korea single rotation, thus they were able to send South Africa fresh units to replace the older ones. In Thailand January 1953, the Kagnew Infantry Battalion Turkey United States distinguished themselves on the battlefield British Commonwealth Forces during combat operations in the Old Baldy- Australia Pork Chop Hill area. Ethiopian troops Ethiopian Colonel Kerbre De Gebre joins Canada remained In Korea until January 1965. Republic of Korea President, Syngman Rhee, on New Zealand the pier as they greet Ethiopian troops arriving in The United Kingdom Pusan Korea, May 7, 1951. Medical Support Units Courtesy of the National Archives Denmark India Italy Norway Sweden Educational Activity Fill in the Blanks Matching The medical section of the Ethiopian Infantry Battalion celebrates Ethiopian Emperor’s Birthday, Kapyong, Korea, July 23, 1951. Exhibit France Introduction The United Nations Flag France supported the United Nations effort in Belgium/Luxembourg Korea by providing a frigate and a French infantry Colombia battalion - the Battalion de Coree. The frigate Ethiopia La Grandiere reached Korean waters on July 29, France 1950 and immediately engaged in transport and Greece escort missions between Japan and South Korea. Netherlands The French battalion, volunteers made up of active Philippines and reserve personnel, arrived in Korea on Republic of Korea November 29, 1950 and was attached to the 2nd South Africa U.S. Infantry Division. The battalion distinguished Thailand itself during the battles at Wonju, Twin Tunnels, Turkey United States Chipyong-Ni, Heartbreak Ridge and many others. British Commonwealth Forces The French Battalion was transferred to Indo China Australia in October 1953 with the last of the troops leaving in Canada November 1953. A small unit of 50, later reduced to New Zealand 15, remained in Korea until June 1965. Machine gunner at his station, Korea, 1952 The United Kingdom Courtesy of Photographie ECPA Medical Support Units Paris, France Denmark India Italy Norway Sweden Educational Activity Fill in the Blanks Matching General Monclare signing the gold book Courtesy of Photographie ECPA Exhibit Greece Introduction The United Nations Flag Greece supplied an infantry battalion and an air transport squadron to the United Nations. The battalion, known as Belgium/Luxembourg The Hellenic Expeditionary Force, were mostly made up of combat veterans of their civil war and easily acclimated Colombia to Korea's environment. They arrived in Pusan on December 9, 1950 and fought continuously throughout the war. Ethiopia The 13th Hellenic Air Force Flight arrived in Korea on December 1, 1950 and was quickly sent to aid the United France Nations' soldier’s withdrawal from the Yalu River. Both battalion and air squadron received many awards including Greece the U.S. Presidential Unit Citations for their bravery. The 13th Hellenic Air Force Flight left Korea in March 1955 Netherlands while the Greek infantry force remained until December 11, 1955. Philippines Republic of Korea South Africa Thailand Turkey United States British Commonwealth Forces Australia Canada New Zealand The United Kingdom Medical Support Units Denmark India Italy Norway Sweden 13th Hellenic Air Force Flight C-47 over Korea Courtesy of Hellenic Army General Staff Military Han River crossing operation by Hellenic Expeditionary History Directorate Educational Activity Forces soldiers Athens, Greece Courtesy of Hellenic Army General Staff Military Fill in the Blanks History Directorate Matching Athens, Greece Exhibit Netherlands Introduction The United Nations Flag Belgium/Luxembourg The Netherlands sent both naval and ground forces Colombia to Korea. The destroyer HNLMS Evertsen was Ethiopia dispatched in July of 1950 joining the U.S. Naval France Forces Far East's Blockading and Escort Force. Greece The destroyer was part of the invasion fleet at Inchon Netherlands and participated in patrolling activities near Wonsan. Philippines In the fall of 1950 the Dutch battalion, made up of Republic of Korea volunteers, arrived in Korea. The soldiers fought South Africa valiantly against the enemy in battles at Hoengsong, Thailand Wonju, Soyang River, the Iron Triangle and many more. Turkey A Dutch soldier eating from a can United States The battalion left Korea on December 15, 1954 and during the fighting at Hill 975, British Commonwealth Forces the destroyer sailed home a year later in January of 1955. May 1951 Australia Photographer W.W. Dussel Canada Sectie Militaire Geschiedenis Landmachtstaf New Zealand The Hague, Netherlands The United Kingdom Medical Support Units Denmark India
Load more

Recommended publications
  • No. 2138 BELGIUM, FRANCE, ITALY, LUXEMBOURG, NETHERLANDS
    No. 2138 BELGIUM, FRANCE, ITALY, LUXEMBOURG, NETHERLANDS, NORWAY, SWEDEN and SWITZERLAND International Convention to facilitate the crossing of fron tiers for passengers and baggage carried by rail (with annex). Signed at Geneva, on 10 January 1952 Official texts: English and French. Registered ex officio on 1 April 1953. BELGIQUE, FRANCE, ITALIE, LUXEMBOURG, NORVÈGE, PAYS-BAS, SUÈDE et SUISSE Convention internationale pour faciliter le franchissement des frontières aux voyageurs et aux bagages transportés par voie ferrée (avec annexe). Signée à Genève, le 10 janvier 1952 Textes officiels anglais et français. Enregistrée d'office le l* r avril 1953. 4 United Nations — Treaty Series 1953 No. 2138. INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION1 TO FACILI TATE THE CROSSING OF FRONTIERS FOR PASSEN GERS AND BAGGAGE CARRIED BY RAIL. SIGNED AT GENEVA, ON 10 JANUARY 1952 The undersigned, duly authorized, Meeting at Geneva, under the auspices of the Economic Commission for Europe, For the purpose of facilitating the crossing of frontiers for passengers carried by rail, Have agreed as follows : CHAPTER I ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION OF FRONTIER STATIONS WHERE EXAMINATIONS ARE CARRIED OUT BY THE TWO ADJOINING COUNTRIES Article 1 1. On every railway line carrying a considerable volume of international traffic, which crosses the frontier between two adjoining countries, the competent authorities of those countries shall, wherever examination cannot be satisfactorily carried out while the trains are in motion, jointly examine the possibility of designating by agreement a station close to the frontier, at which shall be carried out the examinations required under the legislation of the two countries in respect of the entry and exit of passengers and their baggage.
    [Show full text]
  • Migration: Our Work in Europe & Central Asia
    Nuno Cassola Marques/ICRC MIGRATION: OUR WORK IN EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA The ICRC uses a deliberately broad description of migrants, which includes all people who leave or flee What we do their country of origin or habitual residence to go abroad to seek safer or better prospects. This description includes refugees and asylum seekers, who have special protection under international law. Background / Magnum photos for for ICRC photos Magnum / More than 244 million people around the world were migrants in 2015.i Roughly a third of them – around 82 million – are in Europe and Central Asia, including an Dworzak estimated 12 million each in Germany and Russia. Thomas Most people take safe and regular routes. However, every year, millions of people embark on extremely perilous migratory journeys. Some face abuse and exploitation, Using our Restoring Family Links some die on the way. Others are detained for entering or network to help migrants remaining in a country without the necessary authorization Migrants frequently lose contact with their families. Some or documents (so-called irregular migrants). The may not wish to make contact, but others are prevented International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) works with from contacting their loved ones. This can cause the wider International Red Cross and Red Crescent considerable distress and lead to greater vulnerability of Movement to alleviate and prevent suffering among the migrants and their families. So we work with National Red most vulnerable migrants. Cross and Red Crescent Societies to help prevent families from becoming separated, and to help people get back in Over a million irregular migrants – many from the Middle touch with their relatives.
    [Show full text]
  • The Turkish Republic's Jihad? Religious Symbols, Terminology and Ceremonies in Turkey During the Korean War 1950–1953
    Middle Eastern Studies ISSN: 0026-3206 (Print) 1743-7881 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/fmes20 The Turkish Republic's Jihad? Religious symbols, terminology and ceremonies in Turkey during the Korean War 1950–1953 Nadav Solomonovich To cite this article: Nadav Solomonovich (2018): The Turkish Republic's Jihad? Religious symbols, terminology and ceremonies in Turkey during the Korean War 1950–1953, Middle Eastern Studies To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2018.1448273 Published online: 27 Mar 2018. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=fmes20 MIDDLE EASTERN STUDIES, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2018.1448273 The Turkish Republic’s Jihad? Religious symbols, terminology and ceremonies in Turkey during the Korean War 1950–1953 Nadav Solomonovich Department of Islamic and Middle-Eastern Studies, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel On 25 June 1950, thousands of troops from the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (or North Korea) crossed the 38th parallel latitude and invaded the Republic of Korea (or South Korea). The United Nations (UN), led by the United States, reacted quickly and passed resolution 82, which called for North Korea’s withdrawal. Two days later, the UN Security Council passed resolution 83, calling on UN members to assist South Korea.1 As a result, 16 countries eventually sent troops to
    [Show full text]
  • Air Defence in Northern Europe
    FINNISH DEFENCE STUDIES AIR DEFENCE IN NORTHERN EUROPE Heikki Nikunen National Defence College Helsinki 1997 Finnish Defence Studies is published under the auspices of the National Defence College, and the contributions reflect the fields of research and teaching of the College. Finnish Defence Studies will occasionally feature documentation on Finnish Security Policy. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily imply endorsement by the National Defence College. Editor: Kalevi Ruhala Editorial Assistant: Matti Hongisto Editorial Board: Chairman Prof. Pekka Sivonen, National Defence College Dr. Pauli Järvenpää, Ministry of Defence Col. Erkki Nordberg, Defence Staff Dr., Lt.Col. (ret.) Pekka Visuri, Finnish Institute of International Affairs Dr. Matti Vuorio, Scientific Committee for National Defence Published by NATIONAL DEFENCE COLLEGE P.O. Box 266 FIN - 00171 Helsinki FINLAND FINNISH DEFENCE STUDIES 10 AIR DEFENCE IN NORTHERN EUROPE Heikki Nikunen National Defence College Helsinki 1997 ISBN 951-25-0873-7 ISSN 0788-5571 © Copyright 1997: National Defence College All rights reserved Oy Edita Ab Pasilan pikapaino Helsinki 1997 INTRODUCTION The historical progress of air power has shown a continuous rising trend. Military applications emerged fairly early in the infancy of aviation, in the form of first trials to establish the superiority of the third dimension over the battlefield. Well- known examples include the balloon reconnaissance efforts made in France even before the birth of the aircraft, and it was not long before the first generation of flimsy, underpowered aircraft were being tested in a military environment. The Italians used aircraft for reconnaissance missions at Tripoli in 1910-1912, and the Americans made their first attempts at taking air power to sea as early as 1910-1911.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment and Selection Process for the Bulgarian Special Forces
    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive DSpace Repository Theses and Dissertations 1. Thesis and Dissertation Collection, all items 2019-12 ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS FOR THE BULGARIAN SPECIAL FORCES Vlahov, Petar Georgiev Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/64090 Downloaded from NPS Archive: Calhoun NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS FOR THE BULGARIAN SPECIAL FORCES by Petar Georgiev Vlahov December 2019 Thesis Advisor: Kalev I. Sepp Second Reader: Michael Richardson Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Form Approved OMB REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED (Leave blank) December 2019 Master’s thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS ASSESSMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS FOR THE BULGARIAN SPECIAL FORCES 6. AUTHOR(S) Petar Georgiev Vlahov 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION REPORT Monterey, CA 93943-5000 NUMBER 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND 10.
    [Show full text]
  • ECUR'ity GENERAL ., S/3079 Ouncll 7 August 1953 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
    I'{ f , r: u '" A,, UN:) Distr. ECUR'ITY GENERAL ., S/3079 OUNCll 7 August 1953 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH . ;, , LETTER DATED 7 AUGUST 1953 FROM THE ACTING UNITED STATES REPRESENTATIVE TO THE 'UNITED NATIONS, ADDRESSED TO THE SECRETARY -GENERAL, TRANSMITTING A SPECIAL REPORT OF 'l"'HE UNIFIED COMMAND ON THE ARMISTICE IN KOREA Il'iJ ACCORDANCE WITH THE SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION OF 7 JULY 1950 (S/1588) " ... I have the honor to refer to paragraph 6 of the resolution of the Security Council of 7 July 1950, requesting the United States to proVide the Security • . l .' •• ~ Council with reJ?orts, as appropriate, on the course of action taken under the United Nations Command. In compliance with this resolution, there is enclo~ed herewith, for circulation to the members of the Security Council, a special report of the " , Unified Command on the annistice in Korea. With ,this report the Unified Command is submitting the official text of the Armistice Agreement entered into in Korea , " on 27 July 1953. I would be "grateful if you also would circulate copies of this special report . .' . and the Armistice Agreement to the Members of the General Assembly for their 1'" ' informat.ion .=.1 (Signed) James J. WADSvlORTH Acting United States Representative to the United Nations y C1rcu1D.ted to the Members of the General Assembly by document A/2431. 53-21837 S/3079 English Page 2 SPECIAl, roiPORT OF THE UND!'!ED COMMAND ON TEE ARMISTICE IN KOREA I. FOREWORD The Government of the United States, as the Unified Command, transmits herewith a s-peclal report on the United.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: a Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power by Christopher J
    STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 15 The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: A Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power by Christopher J. Lamb, with Sarah Arkin and Sally Scudder Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the unified com- batant commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: President Bill Clinton addressing Croat-Muslim Federation Peace Agreement signing ceremony in the Old Executive Office Building, March 18, 1994 (William J. Clinton Presidential Library) The Bosnian Train and Equip Program The Bosnian Train and Equip Program: A Lesson in Interagency Integration of Hard and Soft Power By Christopher J. Lamb with Sarah Arkin and Sally Scudder Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 15 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. March 2014 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Veterans of the Korean War
    1 In Memoriam Dr John Bradley MBBS MRACP MD MRACR FRCR FRACR FRACP, Returned & Services League of Australia Limited, who contributed significantly to the commencement and development of the study, but did not live to see the results of his endeavours. Acknowledgments The Department of Veterans’ Affairs and the study team in particular are grateful to: the members of the Study Scientific Advisory Committee for their guidance; the Australian Electoral Commission; the staff at the Australian Institute of Health & Welfare who ascertained the causes of death and compared the death rates of Korean War veterans with the Australian population; and the staff at the Health Insurance Commission who also did data matching. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication data Suggested citation Harrex WK, Horsley KW, Jelfs P, van der Hoek R, Wilson EJ. Mortality of Korean War veterans: the veteran cohort study. A report of the 2002 retrospective cohort study of Australian veterans of the Korean War. Canberra: Department of Veterans’ Affairs, 2003. © Commonwealth of Australia 2003 This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the Department of Veterans’ Affairs. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be directed to the Department of Veterans’ Affairs, PO Box 21, Woden ACT 2606 Produced by the Department of Veterans’ Affairs, Canberra ISBN 1 920720 07 3 Publication number: P977 REPATRIATION COMMISSION 21 November 2003 The Hon Danna Vale MP Minister for Veterans’ Affairs Parliament House CANBERRA ACT 2600 Dear Minister I have pleasure in submitting the final report of the Mortality Study of Australian Veterans of the Korean War.
    [Show full text]
  • No. 1168 BELGIUM, DENMARK, FRANCE, IRELAND, ITALY
    No. 1168 BELGIUM, DENMARK, FRANCE, IRELAND, ITALY, LUXEMBOURG, NETHERLANDS, NORWAY, SWEDEN and UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND Statute of the Council of Europe. Signed at London, on 5 May 1949 Official texts: English and French. Registered by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on U April 1951. BELGIQUE, DANEMARK, FRANCE, IRLANDE, ITALIE, LUXEMBOURG, NORVÈGE, PAYS-BAS, ROYAUME-UNI DE GRANDE-BRETAGNE ET D'IRLANDE DU NORD et SUÈDE Statut du Conseil de l'Europe. Signé à Londres, le 5 mai 1949 Textes officiels anglais et fran ais. Enregistr par le Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d* Irlande du Nord le II avril 1951. 104 United Nations Treaty Series 1951 No. 1168. STATUTE1 OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE. SIGNED AT LONDON, ON 5 MAY 1949 The Governments of the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the French Republic, the Irish Republic, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Norway, the Kingdom of Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland : Convinced that the pursuit of peace based upon justice and international co-operation is vital for the preservation of human society and civilisation; Reaffirming their devotion to the spiritual and moral values which are the common heritage of their peoples and the true source of individual freedom, political liberty and the rule of law, principles which form the basis of all genuine democracy; Believing that, for the maintenance and further realisation of these ideals and in
    [Show full text]
  • The United States Atomic Army, 1956-1960 Dissertation
    INTIMIDATING THE WORLD: THE UNITED STATES ATOMIC ARMY, 1956-1960 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Paul C. Jussel, B.A., M.M.A.S., M.S.S. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2004 Dissertation Committee Approved by Professor Allan R. Millett, Advisor Professor John R. Guilmartin __________________ Professor William R. Childs Advisor Department of History ABSTRACT The atomic bomb created a new military dynamic for the world in 1945. The bomb, if used properly, could replace the artillery fires and air-delivered bombs used to defeat the concentrated force of an enemy. The weapon provided the U.S. with an unparalleled advantage over the rest of the world, until the Soviet Union developed its own bomb by 1949 and symmetry in warfare returned. Soon, theories of warfare changed to reflect the belief that the best way to avoid the effects of the bomb was through dispersion of forces. Eventually, the American Army reorganized its divisions from the traditional three-unit organization to a new five-unit organization, dubbed pentomic by its Chief of Staff, General Maxwell D. Taylor. While atomic weapons certainly had an effect on Taylor’s reasoning to adopt the pentomic organization, the idea was not new in 1956; the Army hierarchy had been wrestling with restructuring since the end of World War II. Though the Korean War derailed the Army’s plans for the early fifties, it returned to the forefront under the Eisenhower Administration. The driving force behind reorganization in 1952 was not ii only the reoriented and reduced defense budget, but also the Army’s inroads to the atomic club, formerly the domain of only the Air Force and the Navy.
    [Show full text]
  • History and Structure of the United Nations
    History and Structure of the United Nations Nadezhda Tomova University of Bologna Supervisor: dr. Francesca Sofia Word Count: 21, 967 (excluding bibliography) March, 2014 Content Chapter I: The United Nations: History of Ideas St. Augustine Thomas Aquino Dante Alighieri George Podebrad of Bohemia Desiderius Erasmus The Duc de Sully Emeric Cruce Hugo Grotius John Locke William Penn Abbe de Saint-Pierre Jean-Jacques Rousseau Immanuel Kant Emeric Vattel Napoleon Bonaparte and the First French Empire The Congress of Vienna and the balance of power system Bismarck’s system of fluctuating alliances The League of Nations Chapter II: Structure of the United Nations The creation of the United Nations The constitutional dimension of the Charter of the United Nations Affiliate agencies General purposes and principles of the United Nations The General Assembly The Economic and Social Council The Trusteeship Council The International Court of Justice The Security Council Chapter III: Peace and Security – from the War in Korea to the Gulf War The War in Korea UNEF I and the Suez Canal Crisis The Hungarian Revolution ONUC and the Congo Crisis The 1960’s and the 1970’s The 1980’s The Gulf War Chapter IV: The United Nations in the post-Cold War Era Agenda for Peace UNPROFOR in Bosnia Agenda for Development Kofi Annan’s Reform Agenda 1997-2006 The Millennium Summit The Brahimi Reforms Conclusion Bibliography The United Nations: History of Ideas The United Nations and its affiliate agencies embody two different approaches to the quest for peace that historically appear to conflict with each other. The just war theory and the pacifist tradition evolved along quite separate paths and had always been considered completely opposite ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Another History of Europe at War. Gendarmeries and Police Facing the First World War (1914-1918)
    Another history of Europe at war. Gendarmeries and police facing the First World War (1914-1918) International Conference organised at the EOGN in Melun on the 4th , 5th and 6th February 2016 by : Le Centre de recherche de l'École des officiers de la Gendarmerie nationale and Le musée de la Gendarmerie, in cooperation with : Université Paris-Sorbonne the Centre d'histoire du XIXe siècle Labex EHNE Université catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve Le Pôle d'attraction interuniversitaire « Justice et populations : l'expérience belge en perspective internationale ») Dr. Guillaume Payen Chef du pôle histoire et faits sociaux contemporains du CREOGN, chercheur associé au Centre Roland Mousnier, université Paris-Sorbonne Dr. Jonas Campion Chargé de recherches du FRS-FNRS, Centre d’histoire du droit et de la justice, université catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgique) Dr. Laurent López Chercheur associé au CESDIP (université de Versailles/Saint Quentin) et au Centre d'histoire du XIXe siècle (universités Panthéon-Sorbonne et Paris-Sorbonne) The history of Europe into the First World War is still to be written from the police's point of view, in spite of the frequent claim of "constraint"1 in the conflict's historiography. Classically marking the break between the 19th and the 20th centuries, the First World War is more than a separation between two periods. It is a deep historiographic void on both national and European scales. From a Europe-wide perspective, while the comparative approach carried out by Jonas Campion and confronting the cases of the Belgian, French and Dutch gendarmeries focuses on the end of the Second World War2, the book published under G.
    [Show full text]