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0868-017-11 Rep KSM Tahltan Desk-Based Report

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0868-017-11 Rep KSM Tahltan Desk-Based Report APPENDIX 30-A TAHLTAN NATION TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND USE DESK-BASED RESEARCH REPORT TM Seabridge Gold Inc. KSM PROJECT Tahltan Nation Traditional Knowledge and Use Desk-based Research Report Rescan™ Environmental Services Ltd. Rescan Building, Sixth Floor - 1111 West Hastings Street Vancouver, BC Canada V6E 2J3 August 2012 Tel: (604) 689-9460 Fax: (604) 687-4277 KSM PROJECT TAHLTAN NATION TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND USE DESK-BASED RESEARCH REPORT August 2012 Project #0868-009-20 Citation: Rescan. 2012. KSM Project: Tahltan Nation Traditional Knowledge and Use Desk-based Research Report . Prepared for Seabridge Gold Inc. by Rescan Environmental Services Ltd.: Vancouver, British Columbia. Prepared for: Seabridge Gold Inc. Prepared by: Rescan™ Environmental Services Ltd. Vancouver, British Columbia KSM PROJECT TAHLTAN NATION TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND USE DESK-BASED RESEARCH REPORT Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... i List of Figures .................................................................................................... ii Glossary and Abbreviations ............................................................................................. iii 1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Tahltan Nation ....................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 Governance ................................................................................. 1-1 1.1.2 Tahltan Location ........................................................................... 1-2 2. Purpose .......................................................................................................... 2-1 3. Methodology .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Approach .............................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Desktop Ethnographic Information Collection and Analysis .................................. 3-1 3.3 Data Challenges and Limitations.................................................................. 3-1 4. Results ........................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Background ........................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Traditional Territory ...................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Language .................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.3 Social Organization ........................................................................ 4-1 4.1.4 Traditional Economy ...................................................................... 4-2 4.1.5 Ceremonies and Spirituality ............................................................. 4-3 4.1.6 After European Contact .................................................................. 4-3 4.2 Traditional and Current Land and Resource Use ............................................... 4-4 4.2.1 Fish ........................................................................................... 4-4 4.2.2 Wildlife ...................................................................................... 4-5 4.2.3 Plant and Berry Gathering ............................................................... 4-5 4.2.4 Mushrooms .................................................................................. 4-6 4.2.5 Obsidian ..................................................................................... 4-6 4.2.6 Travel ........................................................................................ 4-6 5. Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 5-1 References ............................................................................................................... R-1 SEABRIDGE GOLD INC. i TAHLTAN NATION TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND USE DESK-BASED RESEARCH REPORT List of Figures FIGURE PAGE Figure 1.1-1. Tahltan Band and Iskut First Nation Reserve Locations ......................................... 1-3 Figure 1.1-2. Tahltan Traditional Territory ........................................................................ 1-4 Figure 1.1-3. Proposed KSM Project and Tahltan Nation Traditional Territory .............................. 1-5 ii RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD. (PROJ#0868-009-20/REV F.1) AUGUST 2012 Glossary and Abbreviations Terminology used in this document is defined where it is first used. The following list will assist readers who may choose to review only portions of the document. BC EAA BC Environmental Assessment Act, SBC 2002, Chapter 43 BC EAO British Columbia En vironmental Assessment O ffice CEA Agency Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency CEAA Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 1992 EA Environmental Assessment ha Hectares INAC Indian and Northern Affairs Canada BC MARR British Columbia Ministry of Ab original Relations and Reconciliation BC MEMPR British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources BC MOE British Columbia Ministry of Environment TCC Tahltan Central Council THREAT Tahltan Heritage Resources Environmental Assessment Tea m The Project KSM Project TK Traditional Knowledge TU Traditional Use SEABRIDGE GOLD INC. iii 1. Introduction This report has been prepared using solely desk-based research from publicly available information sources. The report is not comprehensive as it requires input from the Tahltan Nation related to the current and historical use of the Project area (see below) by its members. The Project is subject to an environmental assessment (EA) review under the BC Environmental Assessment Act (BC EAA) and Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA). This report is intended to help Seabridge Gold Inc. (Seabridge) fulfill the requirements of the KSM Project Application Information Requirements issued by the BC Environmental Assessment Office (EAO) on January 31, 2011. Information from this report will be incorporated into the EA Application for the proposed KSM Project. 1.1 TAHLTAN NATION The territory of the Tahltan Nation covers approximately 93,500 km 2 in northwest BC and includes the Stikine River basin, the Stikine tributaries (including the Iskut River), and the northern sources of the Nass and Skeena rivers (Tahltan First Nation and IISD 2004). The territory also extends across the provincial boundary into the Yukon Territory. The Tahltan Nation issued a formal “Declaration of the Tahltan Tribe” in October 1910, compiled with the help of ethnographer James Teit, which claimed Tahltan rights over their traditional territory (Albright 1984; Tahltan First Nation and IISD 2004). The Tahltan Nation is not currently in the British Columbia Treaty Commission process. The Tahltan have been involved in a reconciliation process with the provincial government (the Province) since 2004 and work closely with the Province to mutually manage potential development in their territory. In 2007, the Province and the Tahltan Nation announced a restoration plan to assess and address the impacts of past mineral exploration and development activity within Tahltan asserted territory. The restoration plan was one of the first outcomes of the Minerals Working Group, a Tahltan/Provincial partnership including representatives of the Tahltan Central Council (TCC) and the BC Ministry of Energy and Mines (BC MARR 2011). In 2011, the Province and the Tahltan Nation signed a government-to-government Framework Agreement to develop the Northwest Transmission Line (NTL). The agreement includes commitments on behalf of the Province to negotiate future NTL-related agreements based on shared decision making, revenue sharing, and managing social and cultural changes (BC MARR 2011). 1.1.1 Governance The Tahltan Nation is comprised of two bands: the Tahltan Band headquartered in Telegraph Creek and the Iskut First Nation based in Iskut (BC MARR 2011). The Tahltan Band and Iskut First Nation are governed by a Band Council comprised of a chief and five-member council, elected every two years. The Tahltan Central Council (TCC) was established in 1975 as an umbrella organization to collectively represent the joint interests of the Tahltan Nation’s two bands. The TCC, based in Dease Lake, is the central administrative governing body for the Tahltan Band and the Iskut First Nation (TCC 2010b). It is a registered society under the BC Society Act and is comprised of an elected executive (President, Vice President, and Secretary Treasurer) for two year terms and representatives from ten families (Quock, Carlick, Shoe-kawk/Howd-a-gette, Thud ga, Good-za-ma, Stikine Claw and Thick, Simgaldtadta, Cawtooma, Etzenlee, and Ootheny). Family representatives are nominated yearly and ratified at the Annual general meetings held each summer. SEABRIDGE GOLD INC. 1-1 TAHLTAN NATION TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND USE DESK-BASED RESEARCH REPORT 1.1.2 Tahltan Location The Tahltan Band has 12 registered reserves in northwest BC totalling 1,338.5 ha. The names and size of the registered reserves are (alphabetically): o Dease Lake 9, 129.50 ha; o Guhthe Tah 12, 30.40 ha; o Hiusta’s Meadow 2, 16.20 ha; o Salmon Creek 3, 129.50 ha; o Tahltan 1, 151.70 ha; o Tahltan 10, 259.40 ha; o Tahltan Forks 5, 19.30 ha; o Tatcho Creek 11, 222.20 ha; o Telegraph Creek 6, 24.30 ha;
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