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Ashland Theological Seminary an Impact Study ASHLAND THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY AN IMPACT STUDY ON DEVELOPING LEADERS THROUGH A LEADERSHIP FORMATION APPROACH A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF ASHLAND THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY KAREN SEMON ASHLAND, OHIO SEPTEMBER 15, 2020 Copyright © 2020, by Karen Semon All rights reserved To the leadership team at Vineyard Church of Delaware County. Thank you for being so welcoming Create space for him whose heart is greater than his, whose eyes see more than his, and whose hands heal more than his. This articulation, I believe, is the basis for a spiritual leadership of the future. The Christian leader is, therefore, first of all, a man who is willing to put his own articulated faith at the disposal of those who ask his help. In this sense, he is a servant of servants, because he is the first to enter the promised but dangerous land, the first to tell those who are afraid what he has seen, heard, and touched. Henri Nouwen APPROVAL PAGE Accepted by the faculty and the final demonstration examining committee of Ashland Theological Seminary, Ashland, Ohio, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Ministry degree. __________________________________ _____________________ Academic Advisor Date ___________________________________ _____________________ Director of the Doctor of Ministry Program Date ABSTRACT It was the purpose of this project to impact participants’ leadership formation as a senior pastoral team at Vineyard Delaware County in Sunbury Ohio, through the practice of a formational small group experience. The project was an impact project consisting of six-monthly retreats. There was a pre and post-assessment to measure the impact of the small group experience. The assessment findings indicated the highest percentage of growth was in creating a formational leadership plan consisting of vision, mission, values and goals. A core discovery was the strength of the spiritual discipline of silence for the pastors and leaders. CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES . viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ix Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT OVERVIEW. 1 2. BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL, AND HISTORICAL 25 FOUNDATIONS . 3. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE . 64 4. DESIGN, PROCEDURE, AND ASSESSMENT . 104 5. REPORTING THE RESULTS . 116 6. SUMMARY AND REFLECTIONS . 134 Appendix 1. PROPOSAL . 159 2. PRE-ASSESSMENT . 177 3. POST-ASSESSMENT . 180 REFERENCES . 185 vii LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Goal #1: Knowledge of their personal leadership foundation. 117 2. Goal #5: Awareness of healthy self-care practices. 119 3. Goal #4: Knowledge of spiritual formation through . spiritual disciplines. 122 4. Goal #2: Awareness of their identity through the . use of self-assessments. 124 5. Goal #3: Awareness of spiritually formed team dynamics. 126 6. Composite Scores for All Goals . 129 viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This project is the result of a labor of love from many of my friends, family and fellowship who encouraged me on this journey. I am extremely grateful to those whom I have the privilege to name below. To Dr. Brenda Buckwell, my advisor who was tireless in her efforts to support me through this entire process. Her help was invaluable. To Dr. Dawn Morton who patiently helped me articulate and enhance my topic and for her steady leadership through the process. To Dr. Matthew Bevere for his editing experience to refine this work. To Dr. Stephen VanDop for his insight into the life of a pastor. To Dave Nixon for his insight into spiritual formation in the Vineyard. To Sherri Harder, my spiritual director who has been with me the entire journey. She has encouraged and help me to step back and see God in the midst of the journey. To my family, Mark, Sara, Dustin, Abbey, Jason, Micah, Eli, Asher, Elian, and Benson. You are my heart. Thank you for supporting me with this generous luxury of time. To Michael and Susan, my siblings who co-labored with me during this time. Your friendship is invaluable to me. To my friend Sandy, I could have not done this without you. So grateful. To Gail, Theresa, and Vicki, I appreciate all of your support. To my Abba. Thank You. You called me to this. You have made it come to pass and I look forward to the next step of the journey with You. ix CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT OVERVIEW God is working, always working, to form us and conform us and transform us into the image of Christ. God is intent upon this forming, conforming, transforming process. And God invites us to participate in this process by means of interactive relationship. Now, this deep character formation in the subterranean chambers of our hearts does not occur overnight. This is no quick fix. It is crucial here for us to respect the slow work of God upon the soul. Slowly, ever so slowly, over days and weeks and months and years, the soul is being carefully formed and conformed and transformed . Of course, throughout this liberating process we are carrying on the daily tasks of home and work. Indeed, these places comprise the central arena where the work of formation occurs. (Foster 2018, xv-xvi) Formational leadership, the foundation of this work, is a holistic approach to leadership that includes spiritual formation, emotional wholeness, and is centered in servant leadership. Scazzero reveals that there is an “inseparable link between emotional health and spiritual maturity - that it is not possible to be spiritually mature while remaining emotionally immature” (Scazzero 2015, 17). To be spiritually and emotionally equipped, leaders must go on a journey to be shaped into the image of Christ. Spiritual formation draws one to an intimate relationship with the Creator, where they are readied, healed, and transformed. Purpose Statement and Research Question The purpose of this project was to impact participants’ leadership formation as a senior pastoral team at Vineyard Delaware County in Sunbury Ohio, through the practice of a formational small group experience. The research question is: To what extent does leadership formation impact the senior pastoral team at Vineyard Delaware County in Sunbury, Ohio, through the practice of a formational small group experience? 1 Overview The purpose of this project was to impact the participants’ development as leaders using a formational small group setting. The participants consisted of a pastoral team at Vineyard Delaware County, in Sunbury, Ohio. The Senior pastor had recently moved to the position due to the retirement of his predecessor. The team was a mixture of new and seasoned staff members. There were ten participants, consisting of the entire pastoral staff. Only eight participated in the pre and post-surveys and are included in the survey results. The participants attended a series of small group retreats designed for the staff members based on the goals of the project. The program began with a full-day retreat followed by four monthly half-day retreats. The sessions weaved a thread of spiritual formation, through self-awareness, leadership formation, group dynamics, and self-care, thus, creating a roadmap for formational leadership. A challenge with role clarity was uncovered during the project. Staff members also experienced a heavy workload that resulted in a drain on their energy and time. A study from Pastoral Psychology shares that Clergy report “higher levels of work overload, role ambiguity, interpersonal attack, boundary violations, emotional isolation, exposure to crisis, administrative demands, and the expectation that they are always available to their congregations” (Adams, et al. 2017, 150). These factors have the potential to result in burnout, moral failure, or simple exhaustion. Coupled with the demands of leadership that are placed on pastors to have all the vision, strategy, and plans needed for a growing church, this can create a state of being overwhelmed. 2 There is a way forward for overburdened pastors and leaders. Scazzero asserts that spending time in solitude and silence as part of one’s core spiritual practices is essential for effective leadership. These disciplines provide the focus for leading the organization as a means of impacting the world for Christ (Scazzero 2015, 31). As leaders engage their whole person in spiritual formation, they will discover that they will ultimately receive in return a deeper, fully formed approach to leader development. Foundations My work as an executive coach over the past twelve years has shown me that leaders can struggle to lead well. The things that they want to work on in coaching are in areas of leadership, but often under the surface lies the real challenge. It could be a wound that they are bringing from childhood, such as abuse, shame, or a lack of a clearly formed identity in their spiritual core. Many times, leaders hide in their past emotional wounds, and it comes out as aggression, poor interpersonal skills, extreme competition, or a strong lack of trust, to name a few (Wardle 2005, 17). The coaching discipline tells us that coaching, counseling, and spiritual direction are all separate things and that we should not integrate the approaches (ICF 2019, Website). The challenge is that people are complex, and often to get to what will produce formational leaders requires that we first explore their spiritual and emotional health. In my work with corporate leaders and pastors, I see much of the same performance-driven and people-pleasing behaviors that will only be healed by deep and sustainable formation with the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. 3 Many leaders struggle with personal soul care because they have never been taught how to foster a deeper spirituality. If leaders are struggling with caring for their own soul, what do we imagine they are modeling for those they lead? The spiritual formation of leaders will ultimately, contribute to the health and ongoing success of the church’s mission in the world.
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