Babuyan Islands, the Philippines
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Cruising Guide to the Philippines
Cruising Guide to the Philippines For Yachtsmen By Conant M. Webb Draft of 06/16/09 Webb - Cruising Guide to the Phillippines Page 2 INTRODUCTION The Philippines is the second largest archipelago in the world after Indonesia, with around 7,000 islands. Relatively few yachts cruise here, but there seem to be more every year. In most areas it is still rare to run across another yacht. There are pristine coral reefs, turquoise bays and snug anchorages, as well as more metropolitan delights. The Filipino people are very friendly and sometimes embarrassingly hospitable. Their culture is a unique mixture of indigenous, Spanish, Asian and American. Philippine charts are inexpensive and reasonably good. English is widely (although not universally) spoken. The cost of living is very reasonable. This book is intended to meet the particular needs of the cruising yachtsman with a boat in the 10-20 meter range. It supplements (but is not intended to replace) conventional navigational materials, a discussion of which can be found below on page 16. I have tried to make this book accurate, but responsibility for the safety of your vessel and its crew must remain yours alone. CONVENTIONS IN THIS BOOK Coordinates are given for various features to help you find them on a chart, not for uncritical use with GPS. In most cases the position is approximate, and is only given to the nearest whole minute. Where coordinates are expressed more exactly, in decimal minutes or minutes and seconds, the relevant chart is mentioned or WGS 84 is the datum used. See the References section (page 157) for specific details of the chart edition used. -
Genetic Diversity of Philippine Carabao (Bubalus Bubalis) Using Mitochondrial DNA D-Loop Variation: Implications to Conservation and Management
Philippine Journal of Science 150 (3): 837-846, June 2021 ISSN 0031 - 7683 Date Received: 05 Oct 2020 Genetic Diversity of Philippine Carabao (Bubalus bubalis) Using Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Variation: Implications to Conservation and Management Lilian P. Villamor1,2*, Yukimizu Takahashi2, Koh Nomura2, and Takashi Amano3 1Department of Agriculture, Philippine Carabao Center National Headquarters and Gene Pool Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3120 Philippines 2Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0034 Japan 3Yamazaki University of Animal Health Technology, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0364 Japan Developing rational conservation programs for Philippine carabao (PC) (Bubalus bubalis) requires knowledge on the pattern of genetic variability within and between populations of swamp buffalo. Studying the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure is essential to understand the distribution of the Philippine swamp buffalo maternal haplotypes towards the PC conservation. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and the phylogeographic structure of PC using molecular approaches. D-loop of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) on the PC B. bubalis (n = 107) were randomly selected from 23 populations across the islands of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao as major islands sub-groups. DNA was isolated from the whole blood, and the D-loop region of the swamp buffalo was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Purified PCR products were sequenced with the Applied Biosystems Automated 3730. Results showed that the phylogenetic analyses detected 16 mtDNA haplotypes observed with 12 variable sites and haplotype and nucleotide diversities of 0.695 ± 0.042 and 0.004 ± 0.001, respectively. This study also identified the delineation of swamp buffalo populations into major and minor groups. -
Cagayan Riverine Zone Development Framework Plan 2005—2030
Cagayan Riverine Zone Development Framework Plan 2005—2030 Regional Development Council 02 Tuguegarao City Message The adoption of the Cagayan Riverine Zone Development Framework Plan (CRZDFP) 2005-2030, is a step closer to our desire to harmonize and sustainably maximize the multiple uses of the Cagayan River as identified in the Regional Physical Framework Plan (RPFP) 2005-2030. A greater challenge is the implementation of the document which requires a deeper commitment in the preservation of the integrity of our environment while allowing the development of the River and its environs. The formulation of the document involved the wide participation of concerned agencies and with extensive consultation the local government units and the civil society, prior to its adoption and approval by the Regional Development Council. The inputs and proposals from the consultations have enriched this document as our convergence framework for the sustainable development of the Cagayan Riverine Zone. The document will provide the policy framework to synchronize efforts in addressing issues and problems to accelerate the sustainable development in the Riverine Zone and realize its full development potential. The Plan should also provide the overall direction for programs and projects in the Development Plans of the Provinces, Cities and Municipalities in the region. Let us therefore, purposively use this Plan to guide the utilization and management of water and land resources along the Cagayan River. I appreciate the importance of crafting a good plan and give higher degree of credence to ensuring its successful implementation. This is the greatest challenge for the Local Government Units and to other stakeholders of the Cagayan River’s development. -
Chec List Amphibians and Reptiles, Romblon Island
Check List 8(3): 443-462, 2012 © 2012 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Amphibians and Reptiles, Romblon Island Group, central PECIES Philippines: Comprehensive herpetofaunal inventory S OF Cameron D. Siler 1*, John C. Swab 1, Carl H. Oliveros 1, Arvin C. Diesmos 2, Leonardo Averia 3, Angel C. ISTS L Alcala 3 and Rafe M. Brown 1 1 University of Kansas, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Biodiversity Institute, Lawrence, KS 66045-7561, USA. 2 Philippine National Museum, Zoology Division, Herpetology Section. Rizal Park, Burgos St., Manila, Philippines. 3 Silliman University Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental, Philippines. * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: We present results from several recent herpetological surveys in the Romblon Island Group (RIG), Romblon Province, central Philippines. Together with a summary of historical museum records, our data document the occurrence of 55 species of amphibians and reptiles in this small island group. Until the present effort, and despite past studies, observations of evolutionarily distinct amphibian species, including conspicuous, previously known, endemics like the forestherpetological frogs Platymantis diversity lawtoni of the RIGand P.and levigatus their biogeographical and two additional affinities suspected has undescribedremained poorly species understood. of Platymantis We . reportModerate on levels of reptile endemism prevail on these islands, including taxa like the karst forest gecko species Gekko romblon and the newly discovered species G. coi. Although relatively small and less diverse than the surrounding landmasses, the islands of Romblon Province contain remarkable levels of endemism when considered as percentage of the total fauna or per unit landmass area. -
Philippine Crocodile Crocodylus Mindorensis Merlijn Van Weerd
Philippine Crocodile Crocodylus mindorensis Merlijn van Weerd Centre of Environmental Science, Leiden University, Abel Tasmanstraat 5bis, Utrecht 3531 GR, Netherlands ([email protected]) Common Names: Philippine crocodile (English), buwaya 2009 IUCN Red List: CR (Critically Endangered. Criteria (general Philippines), bukarot (northern Luzon) A1c. Observed decline in extent of occurrence >80% in 3 generations. C2a. Less than 250 adults in the wild, populations highly fragmented and declining; IUCN 2009) (last assessed Range: Philippines in 1996). Taxonomic Status The Philippine crocodile was described in 1935 by Karl Schmidt on the basis of a type specimen and three paratypes from the island of Mindoro (Schmidt 1935, 1938). Schmidt also described the closely related New Guinea freshwater crocodile (Crocodylus novaeguineae) in 1928 and later made a comparison of morphological differences between C. mindorensis, C. novaeguineae and C. porosus, maintaining C. mindorensis as a separate species (1956). However the Philippine crocodile has long been treated as C. novaeguineae mindorensis, a sub-species of the New Guinea crocodile, by other authorities. Hall (1989) provided new evidence of the distinctness of the Philippine crocodile and nowadays C. mindorensis is generally treated as a full species endemic to the Philippines. Figure 1. Distribution of Crocodylus mindorensis. Figure 2. Juvenile C. mindorensis in Dunoy Lake, in Northern Sierra Madre National Park, northern Luzon. Photograph: Merlijn van Weerd. Conservation Overview CITES: Appendix I Ecology and Natural History CSG Action Plan: The Philippine crocodile is a relatively small freshwater Availability of recent survey data: Adequate crocodile. Although much is still unknown, studies at two Need for wild population recovery: Highest captive breeding facilities [Palawan Wildlife Rescue and Potential for sustainable management: Low Conservation Centre (PWRCC), Palawan Island (Ortega Van Weerd, M. -
Hazard Profile
Philippines: Hazard Profile ( ( ( ( ( Legend ( ( ( HSmith Babuyan Claro Country capital H Meranti (Ferdie) 2016 Regional centre Usagi (Odette) 2013 HDidicas Active volcanoes Camiguin de Babuyanes Regional boundary H Provincial boundary Destructive typhoons HCagua Historical strong earthquakes Megi (Juan) 2010 Active fault Collision zone Tuguegarao Trace approximate City Transform fault (( (( Trench Approximate offshore projection Haima (Lawin) 2016 Peggy (Gading) 1986 City of 7.5 Luzon EQ, 1645 Tropical Storm Intensity Tropical storm intensity San Fernando Baguio (Saffir-Simpson Scale) One: 118-153 km/h zones indicate where City there is a 10% probability of a tropical Two: 154-177 km/h storm of this intensity 7.6 Casiguran EQ, 1968 Philippine Sea striking until year 2021 Three: 178-209 km/h (NATHAN World Map of Natural Hazards: https://www.munichre.com/ Four: 210-249 km/h touch/naturalhazards/en/ 7.8 Luzon EQ, 1990 products-and-solutions/ world-map-natural-hazards/ Five: 250+ km/h index.html) City of Koppu (Lando) 2015 SanH Fernando Xangsane (Milenyo) 2006 Ketsana (Ondoy) 2009 Pinatubo Babs (Loleng) 1998 Maysak (Chedeng) 2015 Angela (Rosing) 1995 MANILA Dot (Saling) 1985 Joan (Sening) 1970 City of Betty (Aring) 1980 Calamba South China Sea HTaal HBanahaw Harriet 1960 Trix 1952 Mujigae (Kabayan) 2015Nock-Ten (Nina) 2016 7.1 Mindoro EQ, 1994 HIriga Noul (Dodong) 2015 Durian (Reming) 2016 City of HMayon Calapan Legazpi Irma (Anding) 1981 City HBulusan Nina (Sisang) 1987 Melor (Nona) 2015 Betty (Herming) 1987 Gilda 1959 HBiliran Amy 1951 -
An Avifaunal Survey of the Babuyan Islands, Northern Philippines with Notes on Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians 29 March – 6 June 2004 Final Report
An Avifaunal Survey of the Babuyan Islands, Northern Philippines with Notes on Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians 29 March – 6 June 2004 Final Report by Carl Oliveros Genevieve Broad Carmela Española Marisol Pedregosa Mark Anthony Reyes Harvey John Garcia Juan Carlos Gonzalez Amado Bajarias, Jr. September 2004 Manila, Philippines Preface This project arose out of a desire to assist the Babuyan group of islands to protect their natural resources and wildlife during a time of development and change. The islands are rich in biological diversity and have rapidly become a focus of international interest and importance following the discovery of a humpback whale breeding ground in their waters during 1999. A planned eco-tourism industry could lead to expanded settlements and improved infrastructure, such as new roads, creating increased disturbance of natural habitats and subsequent loss of wildlife. With WWF-Philippines conducting research and conservation work on the marine ecosystems of the Babuyan Islands, there was an equal need for research and conservation efforts focused on the area’s terrestrial habitats. Since the islands have been little studied in the past, the first step towards protecting the stability of their ecosystems was a research study to identify the terrestrial fauna and important habitats present within the island group. The Philippine government took the necessary initial actions to designate part of the island group as a protected Landscape and Seascape early in June 2003. The aim of the Babuyan Islands Expedition 2004 was to provide basic information about the birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians of the islands of Camiguin Norte, Calayan, Babuyan Claro and Dalupiri, all of which lie within the municipality of Calayan. -
Harmful Algal Blooms Associated with Volcanic Eruptions in Indonesia and Philippines for Korean Fishery Damage
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2020, 11, 217-236 https://www.scirp.org/journal/abb ISSN Online: 2156-8502 ISSN Print: 2156-8456 Harmful Algal Blooms Associated with Volcanic Eruptions in Indonesia and Philippines for Korean Fishery Damage Tai-Jin Kim Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Suwon, Hwaseong City, South Korea How to cite this paper: Kim, T.-J. (2020) Abstract Harmful Algal Blooms Associated with Volcanic Eruptions in Indonesia and Phil- Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) were analyzed to trace the outbreak of dinofla- ippines for Korean Fishery Damage. Ad- gellate Cochlonidium polykrikoides on the Korean coast from 1993 to 2019 vances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, along with relationship to volcanic eruptions. Parameters associated with 11, 217-236. https://doi.org/10.4236/abb.2020.115017 blooms and fishery damage were sunspot number, El Niño/La Niña events, Kuroshio Current, and volcanic eruptions in the South China Sea including Received: December 18, 2019 Indonesia and the Philippines. HAB development was halted in seawater due Accepted: May 26, 2020 to the sulfur compounds (H2S, SO2, sulfates) from volcanic eruptions induc- Published: May 29, 2020 ing the deficiency of the dissolved iron (Fe) in the seawater. Cochlonidium Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and polykrikoides blooms could be predicted by the minimal sunspot number Scientific Research Publishing Inc. during La Niña event or weak volcanic eruptions in Indonesia and the Philip- This work is licensed under the Creative pines. On line monitoring of HAB was suggested using a prototype detector Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). of Cochlonidium polykrikoides at wavelength of 300 nm with the concentra- 2 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ tion linearity (R = 0.9972) between 1000 and 6000 cells/ml. -
Behind the Scenes
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 467 Behind the Scenes SEND US YOUR FEEDBACK We love to hear from travellers – your comments keep us on our toes and help make our books better. Our well-travelled team reads every word on what you loved or loathed about this book. Although we cannot reply individually to your submissions, we always guarantee that your feed- back goes straight to the appropriate authors, in time for the next edition. Each person who sends us information is thanked in the next edition – the most useful submissions are rewarded with a selection of digital PDF chapters. Visit lonelyplanet.com/contact to submit your updates and suggestions or to ask for help. Our award-winning website also features inspirational travel stories, news and discussions. Note: We may edit, reproduce and incorporate your comments in Lonely Planet products such as guidebooks, websites and digital products, so let us know if you don’t want your comments reproduced or your name acknowledged. For a copy of our privacy policy visit lonelyplanet.com/ privacy. their advice and thoughts; Andy Pownall; Gerry OUR READERS Deegan; all you sea urchins – you know who Many thanks to the travellers who used you are, and Jim Boy, Zaza and Eddie; Alexan- the last edition and wrote to us with der Lumang and Ronald Blantucas for the lift helpful hints, useful advice and interesting with accompanying sports talk; Maurice Noel anecdotes: ‘Wing’ Bollozos for his insight on Camiguin; Alan Bowers, Angela Chin, Anton Rijsdijk, Romy Besa for food talk; Mark Katz for health Barry Thompson, Bert Theunissen, Brian advice; and Carly Neidorf and Booners for their Bate, Bruno Michelini, Chris Urbanski, love and support. -
PHILIPPINE ENERGY PLAN 2012-2030 Update
TABLE OF CONTENTS MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY ................................................................ 2 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ...................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 6 ENERGY DEMAND-SUPPLY OUTLOOK, 2016-2030 ........................................ 7 2016-2030 SECTORAL ROADMAPS AND ACTION PLAN ............................... 23 OIL AND GAS ........................................................................................ 23 COAL .................................................................................................... 26 RENEWABLE ENERGY ............................................................................ 31 POWER SECTOR .................................................................................... 44 ELECTRIFICATION .................................................................................. 60 DOWNSTREAM OIL INDUSTRY .............................................................. 69 DOWNSTREAM NATURAL GAS .............................................................. 77 ALTERNATIVE FUELS AND TECHNOLOGY ............................................... 86 ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION ............................................ 93 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ................................................................ 100 1 | PEP 2016-2030 UPDATE MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY Increasing calls to mobilize all efforts to ensure inclusive growth for the -
Predation of the Philippine Pit Viper Trimeresurus Cf. Flavomaculatus (Gray, 1842) on the Invasive Cane Toad Rhinella Marina (Linnaeus, 1758) in Albay, Philippines
Philippine Journal of Science RESEARCH NOTE 150 (S1): 1-3, Special Issue on Biodiversity ISSN 0031 - 7683 Date Received: 19 Aug 2020 Predation of the Philippine Pit Viper Trimeresurus cf. flavomaculatus (Gray, 1842) on the Invasive Cane Toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) in Albay, Philippines Cyrus Job P. Dela Cruz1*, Gene Nuyda Pauyo2, and John Ronel Gil3 1Bicol University, College of Agriculture and Forestry Graduate Program Guinobatan, Albay, Philippines 2Muladbucad Grande, Guinobatan, Albay, Bicol, Philippines 3Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo, Sheikh Zayed Road, Dubai, UAE This paper reports the first mortality case of Philippine pit viper Trimeresurus cf. flavomaculatus (Gray, 1842) by predating an invasive cane toad Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758) from Muladbucad Grande, Guinobatan, Albay, Philippines. This observation contributes to the knowledge of the direct impact of Rhinella marina involving the death of an endemic species through lethal toxic ingestion. Keywords: bufotoxin, conservation, endemic species, invasive alien species, predation, toxicosis Trimeresurus cf. flavomaculatus, commonly known as the 1758). It was intentionally introduced in the Philippines Philippine pit viper, is endemic to the Philippine Islands as part of the national pest control program that turns – being geographically distributed in Babuyan Islands, out ineffective in decreasing the population of sugarcane Biliran, Catanduanes, Leyte, Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, crop insect pests, which is now widely distributed in the Negros, Panay, Polillo, Samar, and Siquijor – and is Philippines inhabiting degraded habitats, human-modified categorized by the International Union for Conservation environments, agricultural areas, artificial ponds, and of Nature as “least concern” (Sanguila et al. 2016; Leviton forests (Diesmos et al. 2006). Mammals and reptiles et al. -
Check List 4(2): 137–141, 2008
Check List 4(2): 137–141, 2008. ISSN: 1809-127X LISTS OF SPECIES Birds, Babuyan Islands, province of Cagayan, Northern Philippines: New island distribution records. Carl Oliveros 1, 2 A. Townsend Peterson 2 Mark Jason C. Villa 3 1 Isla Biodiversity Conservation, 9 Bougainvillea St., Manuela Subd. Las Piñas City, Philippines 1741. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, University of Kansas, Dyche Hall, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045. 3 Room 701, 2071 Marbella 2 Bldg., Roxas Blvd., Manila, Philippines. Abstract: We present new bird distribution records from the Babuyan Islands in northern Philippines, gathered during recent biotic survey efforts in the area. This information represents a significant step towards a detailed understanding of the biodiversity of the region. We report three subspecies not previously recorded from the country: Ceyx erithaca erithaca, Turdus chrysolaus orii, and Motacilla alba leucopsis, providing new information about migratory patterns in the region. We also provide the first published records from the islets of Mabag and Barit, based on specimens in the collections of the U.S. National Museum of Natural History. With these records, the resident avifauna of this island group is relatively well-known, which will provide a firm foundation for planned studies of systematics and taxonomy of the bird fauna of the region. Introduction The Philippines have been the subject of intensive the main body of the Philippine islands. In 9-11 biodiversity studies, particularly in the middle March 2006, a team of four biologists visited twentieth century (Taylor 1934; Inger 1954; Rand Camiguin Norte, working at Barangay Balatubat and Rabor 1957) and again in recent years (18°54'29" N, 21°51'54" E) and Limandok in (Heaney et al.