Differentiated Treatment of Internet Traffic a BROADBAND INTERNET TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP TECHNICAL WORKING GROUP REPORT
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AIR Forum 2017
COVER 2 COVER 3 Increase the productivity of your institution with smart tools that fuel innovation, opportunity and discovery. See greater value in your data. SAS® Visual Analytics for institutional research Capture, understand and Monitor the reach Store, share and Get actionable showcase the outcomes & infuence of your manage all of your funding insights for Quickly see through the complexity to fi nd of your research scholarly content research outputs better decisions patterns, trends, key relationships and potential outcomes. And then turn your institutional data into much more – a valued asset. Try it for yourself Work smart. sas.com/air17 Discover more. © 2014 SAS Institute Inc. All rights reserved. S123813US.0214 SAS and all other SAS Institute Inc. product or service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of SAS Institute Inc. in the USA and other countries. ® indicates USA registration. Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective companies. © 2016 SAS Institute Inc. All rights reserved. S152264US.0316 ON BOOTHVISIT 215 US Using Data to Equip your faculty and staff Improve Student with the tools they need to make data-driven decisions. Outcomes Visualize and analyze data and spot the early indicators and interventions. Helping universities improve through performance analysis and benchmarking Guide your leadership to respond through shared reports viewable online Our new suite of data products allows you to compare your university to others, helping you to identify strategic partners through a variety of devices. and potential competitors. Learn how Stetson University With THEDataPoints™ you can access all the tools you need to understand your institution’s individual performance. -
Ancient Political Theory
ANCIENT POLITICAL THEORY HIST 2100, PHIL 2060, and POLS 2300, Fall 2013, TR 12.00-1.15 PM Charlie McAllister, ADM 334, 704/637-4344 (O) and 336/287-4403 (C) [email protected] DESCRIPTION -- "A critical analysis of the basic political writings of selected modern authors important to the development of western civilization, e.g., Plato, Aristotle, St. Augustine and St. Thomas" Catawba College Catalog). These crucial thinkers -- along with classical Greek playwrights and the Italian Renaissance philosopher Machiavelli -- will help us seek answers to three simple questions: 1) What is a good person? 2) What is a good life? and 3) What is a good society? WEBBOOKS -- http://faculty.catawba.edu/cmcallis/history/history.htm CORE -- For the second part of our syllabus (Connecting) and other resources, visit our WebBooks page. TEXTS Peter J. Steinberger, ed., Readings in Classical Political Thought (Hackett, 2000) [RCPT] Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, trans. Terrence Irwin (Hackett, 2e, 1999) Edward Bryan Portis, Reconstructing the Classics: Political Theory from Plato to Marx (2e, 1998): free at EPBCO Host through our library William Strunk, Jr. and E. B. White, Elements of Style (Allyn & Bacon, 4e, 1999) A collegiate dictionary, thesaurus, and Bible ABBREVIATIONS BBD = Blackboard Document RCPT = Steinberger Z = Zinger E = Thematic essay S = Summary of a scholarly article ***WEB RESOURCES DAILY*** DATE DAY DAILY ASSIGNMENTS DUE AUG 22 R CLASSICAL POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY 27 T EARLY FOLKS: Poets, Presocratics, and Sophists -- APT Connecting [BBD], RCPT xi-28, and Portis 1 (Great Books and Political Science). 29 R HISTORIANS, I: Herodotus -- RCPT 29-30 and 32-35, and any one S relevant scholarly article on our WebBook page. -
Diffserv -- the Scalable End-To-End Qos Model
WHITE PAPER DIFFSERV—THE SCALABLE END-TO-END QUALITY OF SERVICE MODEL Last Updated: August 2005 The Internet is changing every aspect of our lives—business, entertainment, education, and more. Businesses use the Internet and Web-related technologies to establish Intranets and Extranets that help streamline business processes and develop new business models. Behind all this success is the underlying fabric of the Internet: the Internet Protocol (IP). IP was designed to provide best-effort service for delivery of data packets and to run across virtually any network transmission media and system platform. The increasing popularity of IP has shifted the paradigm from “IP over everything,” to “everything over IP.” In order to manage the multitude of applications such as streaming video, Voice over IP (VoIP), e-commerce, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and others, a network requires Quality of Service (QoS) in addition to best-effort service. Different applications have varying needs for delay, delay variation (jitter), bandwidth, packet loss, and availability. These parameters form the basis of QoS. The IP network should be designed to provide the requisite QoS to applications. For example, VoIP requires very low jitter, a one-way delay in the order of 150 milliseconds and guaranteed bandwidth in the range of 8Kbps -> 64Kbps, dependent on the codec used. In another example, a file transfer application, based on ftp, does not suffer from jitter, while packet loss will be highly detrimental to the throughput. To facilitate true end-to-end QoS on an IP-network, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has defined two models: Integrated Services (IntServ) and Differentiated Services (DiffServ). -
Moregoodnews
(f/ MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1966 FAOe TWENTY-fKaUl Average OaUy Net Press Run The Weather For._thijVeek Ended Cloudy, not ee cool toalgbt, and Bchnier, Grlgalls, Pllukas, Septcndwr M, 1966 low 80-05; pertly cloudy tomer* Dedication Reset 4 Requests and ’Tunsl^ properties. This W eek About Town 2. Roger Ricard, to change z w , U gb in 60e. The dedication of Man to Industrial Zone aU or part 14,757 MMnben o f the Professional chester’s new Senior Citi Before T P C of a parcel bounded by HUliard Manchester^A City of Village Charm . Women’s Club wrlll have a pot- zens’ Center, originally St., Adams St. and the Hocka- luck tom om w night at 6:30 at (CleMifled /Mworttolng OB Psge 91) PRICE SEVEN CENTi scheduled for Wednesday, The Town Planning Commis num River, and now in Res VOL. LXXXV, NO* 304 (TWENTY-FOUR PAGES—TWO SECTIONS) MANCHESTER, CONN., TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1966 Center Church. There will be a has been set ahead one day sion (’TPC) will conduct pub idence Zone A. The TPC has program of vacation reminis to Thursday at 2 p.m. lic hearings tonight on one sub extended Ricard’s appUcation to cences. Hostesses are Miss Syl The dedication, open to division proposal and on three include the Bezzini and Gerich via Claflln, Miss Helen Carrier, zone-change requests. properties. Miss Mabel Trotter, Miss Ethel the public, will be witnessed by local and state officials Goslee and Mrs. Edwin J. Don ’The session will be at 8 in the 2. -
Growth of the Internet
Growth of the Internet K. G. Coffman and A. M. Odlyzko AT&T Labs - Research [email protected], [email protected] Preliminary version, July 6, 2001 Abstract The Internet is the main cause of the recent explosion of activity in optical fiber telecommunica- tions. The high growth rates observed on the Internet, and the popular perception that growth rates were even higher, led to an upsurge in research, development, and investment in telecommunications. The telecom crash of 2000 occurred when investors realized that transmission capacity in place and under construction greatly exceeded actual traffic demand. This chapter discusses the growth of the Internet and compares it with that of other communication services. Internet traffic is growing, approximately doubling each year. There are reasonable arguments that it will continue to grow at this rate for the rest of this decade. If this happens, then in a few years, we may have a rough balance between supply and demand. Growth of the Internet K. G. Coffman and A. M. Odlyzko AT&T Labs - Research [email protected], [email protected] 1. Introduction Optical fiber communications was initially developed for the voice phone system. The feverish level of activity that we have experienced since the late 1990s, though, was caused primarily by the rapidly rising demand for Internet connectivity. The Internet has been growing at unprecedented rates. Moreover, because it is versatile and penetrates deeply into the economy, it is affecting all of society, and therefore has attracted inordinate amounts of public attention. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the current state of knowledge about the growth rates of the Internet, with special attention paid to the implications for fiber optic transmission. -
Autoqos for Voice Over IP (Voip)
WHITE PAPER AUTOQoS FOR VOICE OVER IP Last Updated: September 2008 Customer networks exist to service application requirements and end users efficiently. The tremendous growth of the Internet and corporate intranets, the wide variety of new bandwidth-hungry applications, and convergence of data, voice, and video traffic over consolidated IP infrastructures has had a major impact on the ability of networks to provide predictable, measurable, and guaranteed services to these applications. Achieving the required Quality of Service (QoS) through the proper management of network delays, bandwidth requirements, and packet loss parameters, while maintaining simplicity, scalability, and manageability of the network is the fundamental solution to running an infrastructure that serves business applications end-to-end. Cisco IOS ® Software offers a portfolio of QoS features that enable customer networks to address voice, video, and data application requirements, and are extensively deployed by numerous Enterprises and Service Provider networks today. Cisco AutoQoS dramatically simplifies QoS deployment by automating Cisco IOS QoS features for voice traffic in a consistent manner and leveraging the advanced functionality and intelligence of Cisco IOS Software. Figure 1 illustrates how Cisco AutoQoS provides the user a simple, intelligent Command Line Interface (CLI) for enabling campus LAN and WAN QoS for Voice over IP (VoIP) on Cisco switches and routers. The network administrator does not need to possess extensive knowledge of the underlying network -
AES67-101: the Basics of AES67
AES67-101: The Basics of AES67 Anthony P. Kuzub IP Audio Product Manager [email protected] www.Ward-Beck.Systems TorontoAES.org Vice-Chair Ward-Beck.Systems - Audio Domains PREAMPS.audio FILTERING.audio PATCHING.audio MUTING.audio DB25.audio VUMETERS.audio PANELS.audio MATRIXING.audio BUSSING.audio XLR.audio SUMMING.audio AMPLIFY.audio CONSOLES.audio GROUNDING.audio The least you SHOULD know about networking: The physical datalink networks transported sessions presented by the application TX RX DATA 7 - Application DATA PATCHING.audio AES67.audio MATRIXING.audio 2110-30.AES67.audio 6 - Presentation BUSSING.audio 5 - Session 4 - Transport ROUTING.audio IGMP.audio 3 - Network SWITCHING.audio CLOCKING.audio 2 - Data Link MULTICASTING.audio 1 - Physical RJ45.audio The Road to Incompatibility… Dante RAVENNA QLAN Livewire Control & Monitoring Proprietary HTTP, Ember+ TCP, HTTP HTTP, Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Discovery Bonjour Proprietary Connection Proprietary RTSP, SIP, IGMP Proprietary Proprietary, HTTP, IGMP Management Session Description Proprietary SDP Proprietary Channel # Transport Proprietary, IPv4 RTP, IPv4 RTP, IPv4 RTP, IPv4 Quality of Service DiffServ DiffServ DiffServ DiffServ/802.1pq Encoding & Streaming L16-32, ≤4 ch/flow L16-32, ≤64 cha/str 32B-FP, ≤16 ch/str L24, st, surr Synchronization PTP1588-2002 PTP1588-2008 PTP1588-2008 Proprietary Media Clock 44.1kHz, 192kHz 44.1kHz – 384kHz 48kHz 48kHz AES67-2013 Standard for audio applications of networks: High-performance streaming audio-over-IP interoperability References -
5G and Net Neutrality
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law 2019 5G and Net Neutrality Christopher S. Yoo University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Jesse Lambert University of Pennsylvania Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Administrative Law Commons, Communication Technology and New Media Commons, European Law Commons, Internet Law Commons, Law and Economics Commons, Science and Technology Law Commons, and the Transnational Law Commons Repository Citation Yoo, Christopher S. and Lambert, Jesse, "5G and Net Neutrality" (2019). Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law. 2089. https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship/2089 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law by an authorized administrator of Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 5G and Net Neutrality Christopher S. Yoo† and Jesse Lambert‡ Abstract Industry observers have raised the possibility that European network neutrality regulations may obstruct the deployment of 5G. To assess those claims, this Chapter describes the key technologies likely to be incorporated into 5G, including millimeter wave band radios, massive multiple input/multiple output (MIMO), ultra-densification, multiple radio access technologies (multi-RAT), and support for device-to-device (D2D) and machine-to-machine (M2M) connectivity. It then reviews the business models likely to be associated with 5G, including network management through biasing and blanking, an emphasis on business-to- business (B2B) communications, and network function virtualization/network slicing. -
Net Neutral Quality of Service Differentiation in Flow-Aware Networks
AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Electronics Ph.D. Thesis Robert Wójcik Net Neutral Quality of Service Differentiation in Flow-Aware Networks Supervisor: Prof. dr hab. in˙z.Andrzej Jajszczyk AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Electronics Department of Telecommunications Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland tel. +48 12 634 55 82 fax. +48 12 634 23 72 www.agh.edu.pl www.eaie.agh.edu.pl www.kt.agh.edu.pl To my loving wife, Izabela Acknowledgements Many people have helped my throughout the course of my work on this dissertation over the past four years. I would like to express my gratitude to all of them and to a few in particular. First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor, Professor Andrzej Jajszczyk, for his invaluable comments, advice and constant support during my whole research. I am sure that without his patience, broad vision and motivation, completing this dissertation would not have been possible. I have been fortunate to meet James Roberts, the founder of the original con- cept of Flow-Aware Networking, and discuss several issues with. Our joint work on the project concerning FAN architecture was a milestone in my vision of the future Internet and strongly contributed to my understanding of the ideas and problems related to admission control, scheduling and network design. Much of my experience has been formed through the collaboration with Jerzy Domżał, my friend and collegue. His insight and remarks concerning various issues have contributed significantly to the improvement of my results. -
Records Management Administration
UNIVERSITY OF DENVER Penrose Library Oficu qJ the Dcan Date: March 2,2012 To: Lucy Barber, NHPRC Cc: Lynn Backstrom-Funk, Project Administrator Office of Research & Sponsored Programs From: Nancy Allen, Dean and Director Subject: Final Report, December 31,2011 Introduction This is the final report for Grant NAR10-DS-50014-10, a project conducted under the leadership of the University of Denver to develop Open Source Software for Records Management Administration. The product developed under the grant is known as the Records Authority I software. I i ! Activity on the project concluded as of December 31,2011. This report documents the final accomplishments and outcomes of the project as well as the current status of the Records Authority software. Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. 3 Project Detail ..................................................................................................................................6 i Partner Update ................................................................................................................................7 Testing .........................................................................................................................................8 RA Feedback Themes .................................................................................................................... -
Adding Enhanced Services to the Internet: Lessons from History
Adding Enhanced Services to the Internet: Lessons from History kc claffy and David D. Clark [email protected] and [email protected] September 7, 2015 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Related technical concepts 4 2.1 What does “enhanced services” mean? . 4 2.2 Using enhanced services to mitigate congestion . 5 2.3 Quality of Service (QoS) vs. Quality of Experience (QoE) . 6 2.4 Limiting the use of enhanced services via regulation . 7 3 Early history of enhanced services: technology and operations (1980s) 7 3.1 Early 1980s: Initial specification of Type-of-Service in the Internet Protocol suite . 7 3.2 Mid 1980s: Reactive use of service differentation to mitigate NSFNET congestion . 10 3.3 Late 1980s: TCP protocol algorithmic support for dampening congestion . 10 4 Formalizing support for enhanced services across ISPs (1990s) 11 4.1 Proposed short-term solution: formalize use of IP Precedence field . 11 4.2 Proposed long-term solution: standardizing support for enhanced services . 12 4.3 Standardization of enhanced service in the IETF . 13 4.4 Revealing moments: the greater obstacle is economics not technology . 15 5 Non-technical barriers to enhanced services on the Internet (2000s) 15 5.1Early2000s:afuneralwakeforQoS............................ 15 5.2 Mid 2000s: Working with industry to gain insight . 16 5.3 Late 2000s: QoS becomes a public policy issue . 17 6 Evolving interconnection structure and implications for enhanced services (2010s) 20 6.1 Expansion of network interconnection scale and scope . 20 6.2 Emergence of private IP-based platforms to support enhanced services . 22 6.3 Advancing our empirical understanding of performance impairments . -
Overview on IP Audio Networking Andreas Hildebrand, RAVENNA Evangelist ALC Networx Gmbh, Munich Topics
Overview on IP Audio Networking Andreas Hildebrand, RAVENNA Evangelist ALC NetworX GmbH, Munich Topics: • Audio networking vs. OSI Layers • Overview on IP audio solutions • AES67 & RAVENNA • Real-world application examples • Brief introduction to SMPTE ST2110 • NMOS • Control protocols Overview on IP Audio Networking - A. Hildebrand # 1 Layer 2 Layer 1 AVB EtherSound Layer 3 Audio over IP Audio over Ethernet ACIP TCP unicast RAVENNA AES67 multicast RTP UDP X192 Media streaming Dante CobraNet Livewire Overview on IP Audio Networking - A. Hildebrand # 3 Layer 2 Layer 1 AVB Terminology oftenEtherSound Layer 3 Audio over IP • ambiguousAudio over Ethernet ACIP TCP unicast • usedRAVENNA in wrongAES67 context multicast RTP • marketingUDP -driven X192 Media streaming • creates confusion Dante CobraNet Livewire Overview on IP Audio Networking - A. Hildebrand # 4 Layer 2 Layer 1 AVB Terminology oftenEtherSound Layer 3 Audio over IP • ambiguousAudio over Ethernet ACIP TCP Audio over IP unicast • usedRAVENNA in wrongAES67 context multicast RTP • marketingUDP -driven X192 Media streaming • creates confusion Dante CobraNet Livewire Overview on IP Audio Networking - A. Hildebrand # 5 Layer 7 Application Application Application and Layer 6 Presentation protocol-based layers Presentation HTTP, FTP, SMNP, Layer 5 Session Session POP3, Telnet, TCP, Layer 4 Transport UDP, RTP Transport Layer 3 Network Internet Protocol (IP) Network Layer 2 Data Link Ethernet, PPP… Data Link Layer 1 Physical 10011101 Physical Overview on IP Audio Networking - A. Hildebrand # 10 Physical transmission Classification by OSI network layer: Layer 1 Systems Transmit Receive Layer 1 Physical 10011101 Physical Overview on IP Audio Networking - A. Hildebrand # 12 Physical transmission Layer 1 systems: • Examples: SuperMac (AES50), A-Net Pro16/64 (Aviom), Rocknet 300 (Riedel), Optocore (Optocore), MediorNet (Riedel) • Fully proprietary systems • Make use of layer 1 physical transport (e.g.