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Traditional Knowledge Conference 2008 Te Tatau Pounamu

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Traditional Knowledge and Gateways to Balanced Relationships Proceedings of the Proceedings of the TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE CONFERENCE 2008 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE CONFERENCE KNOWLEDGE TRADITIONAL TE TATAU POUNAMU: THE GREENSTONE DOOR Traditional Knowledge and Gateways to Balanced Relationships 2008 New Zealand’s Mäori Centre of Research Excellence TE TATAU POUNAMU: THE GREENSTONE DOOR POUNAMU: TE TATAU ISBN 0-9582610-8-3 New Zealand’s Mäori Centre of Research Excellence cover.indd 2 21/03/10 12:55 PM These proceedings have been published by the Knowledge Exchange Programme of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga (New Zealand’s Māori Centre of Research Excellence) www.maramatanga.ac.nz Contact Details: Waipapa Marae Complex 16 Wynyard Street Private Bag 92019 The University of Auckland New Zealand [email protected] Printed in April 2010 by PRINTSTOP+, Auckland, New Zealand Cover design by Len Hetet (Ocean 64 Ltd) ISBN 0-9582610-8-3 © Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga holds copyright for these proceedings while individual authors hold copyright for their own articles. This publication cannot be reproduced and sold for profit by others. The opinions expressed in the articles are not necessarily those of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga. Te Tatau Pounamu: The Greenstone Door Traditional Knowledge and Gateways to Balanced Relationships 2008 June 8–11, 2008 Auckland, New Zealand Convened by Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga New Zealand’s Māori Centre of Research Excellence Conference Organizer Knowledge Exchange Programme Leader Dr J. S. Te Rito Editors Dr J. S. Te Rito Dr S. M. Healy Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga, New Zealand’s Māori Centre of Research Excellence, is one of New Zealand’s eight officially recognized Centres of Research Excellence. Hosted by The University of Auckland, the Institute’s participating entities are spread throughout New Zealand. Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga’s vision is the full participation by Māori in all aspects of society and the economy. The work of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga is focused on three core programmes: research, capability building and knowledge exchange. Whakataukī (Proverb) Whāia ngā pae o te māramatanga Pursue the thresholds of understanding Te pae tata, te pae tawhiti The near and distant horizons Kia puta ki te whaiao ki Te Ao Mārama And so emerge into The World of Light Joint Directors of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga Professor Michael Walker & Doctor Tracey McIntosh Conference Proceedings Production Team Editors Dr Joseph Te Rito Dr Susan Healy Production Manager Dr Helen Ross Copy Editors Corinthia Kepa Dorothy Coup Māori Language Editors Materoa Haenga Zaine Mitchell Ngaere Roberts Transcriber Jan Rhodes Video Producer Josie McClutchie Video Recordings of Invited Speakers Videos of the presentations by the Invited Speakers can be viewed by going to Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga’s website: www.maramatanga.ac.nz Mihi Anei rā a manawa e ngunguru, e hotu tonu nei ki a rātau kua riro ki Paerau, ā, moe mai rā koutou. Heoi anō tā tātau ā te hunga moke, he pupuri tonu i a rātau ki te kokonga ngākau, ki te mahara. Otirā, ka mihi tonu ki ō tātau marae kāinga o te motu, tēnā rawa atu koutou. Ā, ka mihi nā ki ngā kaiwāhi kōrero o te hui nei, ā, ki te hunga rangahau anō hoki huri noa i te ao. Ko koutou rā ēnei i whakapau kaha nei ki te tō mai i te pae tawhiti kia tata, arā, e taea ai pea e tēnei whakatipuranga te whāiro te ao o nehe me te mātauranga taketake o kui, koro mā. Nā koutou hoki rā i whakaara ake anō ai te tikanga o tēnei mea a te mātauranga taketake hai kaupapa whakatau i ngā whanaungatanga i waenganui i ngā hapori, i ngā whakatipuranga, ā, me Papatūānuku hoki. Hai konei, ka huri ake ki a koutou ngā mātāwaka i kotahi mai nei ki te karanga a Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga, tēnā koutou! Huri noa ki ngā kaitautoko me te pūtea āwhina a tēnā, a tēnā, ā, ki ngā whakapaunga werawera anō hoki a mea, a mea, kia tū rangatira ai tēnei kaupapa a tātau, tēnā koutou, tēnā koutou, tēnā tātau katoa. Greeting We acknowledge our ancestors and all of our loved ones who have passed on to Paerau, sleep in peace. We will hold you within our hearts and memories forever. We also acknowledge our villages across the land. And we thank our invited speakers and the contributors of articles from across the world. You have drawn on your links to the past, your tribal stories, customary practices and tradition to bring distant horizons closer, thus allowing today’s generation a glimpse of ancient times and the traditional indigenous knowledge of our forebears. You bring to life the contemporary significance that indigenous knowledge has to building balanced relationships between communities, across generations and with the Earth. To the participants who rallied to the call of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga, thank you. Thank you also to our sponsors and all those who worked tirelessly to ensure its success; greetings to one and all. Acknowledgements Conference Sponsors Gold Sponsor The University of Waikato/Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato Silver Sponsors Manatū Hauora/Ministry of Health Te Puni Kōkiri Supporting Sponsors Families Commisions/Kōmihana ā Whānau Office of Treaty Settlements/Te Tari Whakatau Take e pā ana ki te Tiriti o Waitangi Waikato Raupatu Lands Trust Honoured Guests and Contributors The Honourable Parekura Horomia who opened the Conference The kaumātua (elders) The Invited Speakers The presenters who submitted papers for publication All the other presenters and conference delegates The contingents from Hawai‘i and Australia The abstracts committee Jarnia Cameron who assisted in the organization of the conference The secretariat of Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga for their work Sir Tipene O’Regan, who gave the address at the conference dinner Table of Contents Foreword Joseph Te Rito 1 PART A: Presentations by Invited Speakers Background to Invited Speakers 4 Opening Address Linda Tuhiwai Smith 11 Takaparawhau: Bastion Point: An Example of Passive Resistance Grant Hawke 15 Parihaka and Non-Violent Resistance Huirangi Waikerepuru 20 Maungārongo: Non-Violent Action Te Miringa Hohāia 23 He Poroporoakī ki a Te-Hau-o-te-rangi Tutua Matiu Dickson 25 Restoring the Nation: Removing the Constancy of Terror Moana Jackson 27 A Journey Away from Violence to a Place of Law-Fullness Irene Watson 35 Te Whānau Āwhina: A Māori Model of Restorative Justice for the World Pita Sharples 46 Harvesting Peace from a Field of Conflict Patricio Dominguez 53 A Jade Door: Reconciliatory Justice as a Way Forward Robert Joseph 59 A Māori Framework for Family Violence Prevention Di Grennell 65 Liberation and Violence-Free Strategy Mereana Pitman 70 E Nanā i ka Hoa Kanaka o Kipa Hewa ki Aloha I ka ‘Īlio: Attend to your Fellow Humans Lest your Love be Wasted on Dogs Laiana Wong 74 “Indigenes” in Dialogue: Reflections on the Place of Traditional Knowledges in Pacific Discussions of Gender, Faith, Peace, Reconciliation and Good Governance Tamasailau Sua`al`i-Sauni 79 Māori Innovation and Reconciliation Whatarangi Winiata 86 Preventing the Effects of the “Colonial Dome of Thinking” as it Continues to Assimilate Aboriginal Knowledge Jim Everett 93 Talanoa: The Tongan Common People’s Critical Talk in Aotearoa/New Zealand Linitā Manu‘atu, Lita Foliaki, James Manisela Prescott and Sione Tu‘itahi 100 The Great Healing: Reflections on Spirituality and Ceremonies of Peace in North America Paul Ojibway 106 Working Hard to Make Stubborn Issues Peaceful Paul Reeves 113 Concluding Address Michael Walker 119 PART B: Various Papers Presented to the Conference Service in Practice, Practice in Service: Negotiating a Path to the Future Annabel Ahuriri-Driscoll, Maui Hudson, Virginia Baker, Maria Hepi, Carl Mika and Sarah-Jane Tiakiwai 122 Indigenous Knowledge: Traditional Responses to Contemporary Questions Mere Berryman, Sonja Bateman and Dr Tom Cavanagh 131 Motherloss Maringi Brown-Sadler 142 Traditional Knowledge and Decision Making: Māori Involvement in Aquaculture and Biotechnology Fiona Cram, Te Ari Prendergast, Katrina Taupo, Hazel Phillips and Murray Parsons 147 Embracing Rugby and Negotiating Inequalities in the Pacific Islands Robert F. Dewey, Jr 158 Indigenous Strategies for Self-Representation: The View from Preschools in Fiji Susan Dewey 165 He Kōrero mō Tētahi o ngā Waiata Tawhito o Ngāti Hangarau: Tākiri ko te Ata Matiu Dickson 173 Indigenous Strategies for Negotiating Cultural Knowledge, Values and Traditions: Case Studies from Sydney, Australia, and Suva, Fiji Natasha Lemoto Hanisi and Susan Dewey 178 Kaupapa Māori Entrepreneurship: Traditional Concepts Applied to Sustainable Business Development Ella Henry 185 He Kākano: Māori Views and Experiences of Fertility, Reproduction and ART (Assisted Reproductive Technologies) Leanne Hiroti 197 Right Relationships with the Earth: The Role of Indigenous Cultures in Establishing Global Ethics, Economics and Governance Robert Howell 201 Indigenous Women, Research and the Law: Taranaki Māori Women Speak Kerensa Johnston 210 Indigenous Partnership Strategies in Sport: Māori Touch as a Vehicle for Traditional Knowledge and Well-being and Whānau/Hapū/Iwi Development Renei Ngawati, Maria Paenga and Carol Ngawati 219 Ako Moments: A Living Culture in an Educational Setting Amiria O’Malley, Jodie Owen, Don Parkinson, Taamiaho Herangi-Searancke, Maria Tamaki and Luana Te Hira 226 Frameworks for Traditional Māori Knowledge: Can We Talk about Traditional Māori Knowledge Without Understanding the Paradigm from Which it Originates? Maria Paenga, Te Hira Paenga 235 Takepū: Principled Approaches to Healthy Relationships Taina Whakaatere Pohatu 241 Tikanga
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