6 USGA JOURNAL: June, 1948 80s Could Win in the 90s The first golf reporter in the United zens Association became "scandalized by States is believed to be Frank W. Crane, prominent and wealthy men dressed in red who joined the NEW YORK TIMES late in coats, white trousers and red hats going 1894 and covered all tournaments in the to the golf club grounds through public New York area until World War 1. Re- streets while the church bells are ringing," cently, while browsing through his effects, and petitioned the club to close 011 Sundays .Mr. Crane discovered a book of clippings without requiring the Association to resort he had preserved for reference during the to the law. earliest years of the USGA. Thinking A 20-Foot Drive they might be "of some interest" today, In the same year, the New Jersey Vice he presented the book to the USGA and Immorality Act was called down on :Museum through Mr. Charles C. Auchin- the heads of Englewood Golf Club mem- closs of the Museum Committee. bers, and Edgar Jewett was haled into court When .Mr. Crane, who is now 81, said for having violated the Sabbath laws by the book might be "of some interest," he playing golf. The chief of police testified understated the case. The clippings were that he had seen the defendant "hit at a taken not only from his own writings in little ball with a shinny stick." He added the TIMES but also from the HERALD, that it went about 20 feet, at which the VVORLD, SUN, TRIBUNE, PHILADELPHIA assembled golfers laughed uproariously. TIMES, UTICA OBSERVER, CHICAGO TRIB- The judge, a non-golfer. \vas unim- UNE and HARPER'S WEEKLY. pressed. After pointing out that, if the The earliest is dated October 19, 1894, obsolete statute were enforced, nobody and describes the victory of Lawrence B. could sing to the baby, give praise to God Stoddard over Charles Blair Macdonald in by means of organ music, or walk in the the "Amateur Championship of the United streets on Sunday, he praised golf for its States" at the S1. Andrew's Golf Club, ethics, freedom from boisterousness and Yonkers, N. Y. This was one of two such its salutary effect on businessmen of seclen- events held that year, the other having been tary habits. He found that the playing at the Newport Golf Club in September. of golf on private grounds on Sunday did The existence of two "champions" in not per se constitute the offense charged. the same year led to formation of the A year before, in 1895, a story in the USGA, and Mr. Crane's clippings cover SUN stated that "golf is swinging upward" all aspects of th~ game in those days. in- and claimed 15,000 players in the United cluding the birth of the USGA and its States. first two years of championships in 1895 "The St. Andrew's club was formally and 1896. organized on Nov. 14, 1888," the report states. "The first links consisted of six Almost every report is lengthy and de- holes on the pasture behind H. O. Tall- tailed. It would be difficult to. imagine a madge's residence on Palisades Avenue in more valuable contribution to source ma- Yonkers .... terial on the early history of American "The advance guard was not long left golf. Even for those who are not his- alone ... August Belmont is building a torically minded, the descriptions are good 12-hole course on his property at Babylon; for many a quiet chuckle. Bayard Cutting has links at Islip, John Many golfers know, of course, that King Jacob Astor at Rhinecliff .... On the J ames II persuaded his Parliament to Hudson, too, are the links of Stattsburgh make the playing of golf unlawful in Golf Club, with Ogden D. Mills, Archibald Scotland in 1457. But it is not so com- Rogers and \i\Tilliam Brown Dinsmore, Jr., monly known that early American clubs as the ruling spirits, and at Poughkeepsie were waited upon by the la\v for violating there are links on the grounds of E. N. the Sabbath by playing gol f. Howells .... The game is also played at In 1896, the Greenwich (Conn.) Citi- the Country Club of Westchester. USGA JOURNAL: June, 1948' 7

First Known Golf .Picture Made in the United States

Courtesy of H. B. Martill This photograph was made in 1888 at the first green of the original St. Andrew's Golf Club, Yonkers, N. Y. The players were Harry Holbrook, Alexander P. W. Kinnan, John B. Upham and John Reid. Mr. Reid was the club president, Mr. Upham the secretary and Mr. Holbrook a governor of the first permanent golf club established in this country. The caddies were Warren and Fred Holbrook, sons of the player. The photo was made by S. Hedding Fitch.

"In the New York group, too, are the Cricket Club and the Germantown Cricket links of the Meadow Brook Club, the Rock- Club. away Hunting Club and the Richmond "Then, by their importance and loca- County Country Club. The Tuxedo links tion, sufficiently prominent to mention indi- are also in this group ... and two more, vidually are the Newport Golf Club, the each having the distinction of having been Kebo Valley Golf Club, the Bridgeport first projected by women, the Orange Golf Club and the Shinnecock Hills Golf Mountain Golf Club and the Morris Club. There is a club at Denver, Col., County Gol f Club .... and at Colorado Springs, while Cali fornia "Three more New Jersey clubs may has the game at San Francisco and San claim a place-at Paterson, Hohokus and Mateo .... Glen Ridge, and there are junior golf clubs, "Winter golfing was tried under unique a healthy sign, at both Summit and Mor- conditions by the members of the Hohokus ristown. Lakewood and Asbury Park have Golf Club, who played in January on the flourishing clubs. crust of the ice, using red balls and having "The Boston group, in prominence and excellent sport. (Winter golf also was numbers, is next to New YJrk. with the played at Baltusrol and Lakewood) .... game well established at The Country Club "At Newport last year the championship of Brookline, the Essex County Club, muddle began that was one of the causes Lowell Country Club, leading to the formation of the United and about fifty other points. The game States Golf Association ... Newport's. is well founded near Washington, Chicago, championships were held in September, and St. Louis, Cleveland, Pittsburgh and Phila- the winner was W. Lawrence of the N ew- delphia, in the latter group being the Phila- port club, who defeated C. B. Macdonald delphia Country Club, the Bryn Mawr Col- of the by a stroke. lege links, Devon Golf Club, Merion Later in the sea,son, an amateur champion- 8 USGA JOURNAL: June, 1948

ship was held at St. Andrew's, which was was reported. "Macdonald was by all- won by L. B. Stoddard, and again C. B. around good play 5 up at the end of the Macdonald was second. Arrangements for morning's two rounds. After lunch the Messrs. Lawrence and Stoddard to playa play for the second eighteen holes was in decisive match fell through owing to the order, but it was entirely without feature, lateness of the season .... except that the ChiCagoan won seven "An equal uncertainty marked the stand- straight holes." The nine-hole scores were: ing of the professionals at the end of the Macdonald, 44-44-44-132; Sands, 54-47- season. \i\Tillie Dunn and vVillie Campbell 60-161. had beaten each other in turn .... This In an editorial comment, Mr. Crane re- season the advent of Willie Park, Jr., has ported: "Both men had professionals fol- upset all calculations, and , an- low them over the course to coach them other high class player from abroad, is also and to advise, a questionable proce"eding a factor. ... in what should be strictly amateur in -every Start of the USGA respect. Dunn and Tucker advised Sands, "The United States Golf Association, and Foulis coached Macdonald." which has made the Newport champion- The first USGA Open championship was. ships next fall possible and which is to played on the same course the next day, regulate the sport generally, was formed when "the wind blew half a gale over the on Dec. 22, 1894, at a meeting in the Calu- links ... and fine play was impossible. met Club attended by Theodore A. Have- ... The champion proved to be a dark- meyer and Winthrop Rutherfurd of the horse-Hoi-ace Rawlins of the Newport Newport Golf Club; Thomas H. Barber club, whom Davis brought over last Janu- and Samuel L. Parrish of the Shinnecock ary. He is a mere lad of 19, who was born Hills Golf Club; Laurence B. Curtis and on the Isle of vVight, but put up a great P. S. Sears of The Country Club of Brook- game of golf, especially in his two rounds line; John Reid and H. O. Tallmadge of this afternoon, each of which he made the St. Andrew's club; and Charles B. in 41." Macdonald and J. A. Ryerson of the Rawlins scored 91-82-173 and received Chicago Golf Club. The officers elected $200, $50 of which was expended for a gold were Theodore A. Havemeyer, president; medal. Willie Dunn of Shinnecock Hills Laurence Curtis, vice-president; Charles was second with 175 and won $100. B. Macdonald, vice-president; Henry O. "All that is latest and chic in golfing Tallmadge, secretary, and Samuel L. Par- attire was seen in the costumes of the rish, treasurer. players" in the first USGA Women's "At present the associate members are Championship at Meadow Brook in No:- the Chicago Golf Club, Country Club of vember, 1895, the SUN reported. "Tweed Brookline, Newport Golf Club, St. An- skirts, cut plain and close and falling to drew's Golf Club, Shinnecock Hills Golf the boot tops were generally worn, with Club, the Essex County Club of Man- silk shirtwaists, stiff linen collars and black chester, Mass., and the Philadelphia Coun- silk ties formed into bows .... " Mrs. try Club .... The playing rules of the Charles S. Brown, of New York, who Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. An- learned her gol f at Shinnecock Hills, was drew's, Scotland, have been adopted with a the winner. The twelve entrants played few local changes." nine holes. in the morning and nine in the The story of the first USGA Amateur afternoon. Championship final at Newport in October, "Mrs. Brown's score was 69-63-132, 1895, ran about a half-column in -the making the women's record for the links," TIMES and describes a one-sided contest the SUN reported. "It was said that the to an expected result, Charles Blair Mac- 132 strokes of Mrs. Brown was the best donald of Chicago defeating Charles E. score for 18 holes that any American Sands of St. Andrew's, 12 up and 11 to woman has yet made," the HERALD ex- play. panded. "Sands opened nervously, foozling his Ed,itor' s Note: Another article on the infancy of Amenc