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Sharing Data: Where to Start Sharing Data: Where To Start 100 75 50 25 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 An Emerging Approach To Migration Data Management Written and edited by Claus Folden, Marina Manke, and Thomas Mortensen Opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of IOM. IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As an intergovernmental body, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in meeting the operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants. Publisher: Technical Cooperation Centre for Europe and Central Asia International Organization for Migration Nibelungengasse 13/4 1010 Vienna Austria Tel: +43 1 585 33 22 12 Fax: +43 1 585 33 22 30 Email: [email protected] Internet: http://www.tcc.iom.int http://www.dsm-migration.net ISBN 978 92 9068 390 2 Sharing Data – Where to Start: An Emerging Approach to Migration Data Management ISBN 978 92 9068 391 9 Sharing Data – Where to Start: An Emerging Approach to Migration Data Management (Russian version) © 2007 International Organization for Migration (IOM) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Factual information in this book has been verified until December 2006. Cover design: Avocado Design Text editor: Caroline Mackenzie Text layout: Hubert Weitzer Sharing Data - Where to Start AN EMERGING APPROACH TO MIGRATION DATA MANAGEMENT Written and edited by Claus Folden, Marina Manke and Thomas Mortensen AACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This book is dedicated to those who unselfishly seek to let facts improve the lives of migrants. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the making of this publication. Written contributions were prepared by: Valeriu Chertan, Ministry of Information Development of Moldova, Olga Chudinovskikh, Moscow State University, Officials in the Tajik Government, Officials in the Statis- tical Committee of Ukraine, Yuriy Shokamanov, Kazakhstan’s Agency for Statistics, and IOM staff: Alena Murzina, John Myraunet, Oleg Povoroz- nyk, Samira Rakhimova, Frederick Runsten, Sergey Shkloda, and Simion Terzioglo. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions, suggestions and comments provided by Enrico Bisogno and Angela Me, Statistical Department of the United Nations’ Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Bela Hovy, United Nations’ Population Division, David Thorogood and Piotr Juchno, Eurostat, David Reisenzein, Austrian National Focal Point of the European Migration Network, Seidy Avarez, SIEMMES, Luis E. Monzón Technical Secretariat of the Regional Conference on Migration, OECD representatives, Harald Friedrich, Mike Bisi and Scott Busby, Intergovernmental Consultations on Asylum, Refugee and Migration Policies, Dr Gustav Lebhart, Statistics Austria, Pier Rossi-Longhi, IOM, Florian Bruckner and Andreas Simek, 3 Kraft, Lubov Stelnykh and Olga Ostapchuk, Ukraine. Our longstanding close cooperation on the DSM with Dr. Vladimir Shkolnikov and his team at OSCE ODIHR should be mentioned here. Helpful comments, input and assistance were provided by: Elodie Fischer and Katarina Gembicka (IOM TCC), Sergey Brestovitskiy, Ales- sia Castelfranco, Berta Fernandez, Andreas Halbach, Charles Harns, Jobst Koehler, Frank Latzko, Bakyt Omurzakov, Caroline San Miguel, Damien Thuriaux (IOM) and Poul Mose Hansen of the Danish Immigration Ser- vice. Special thanks go to Gervais Appave, who inspired and gave guidance for the evolution of the Data Sharing Mechanism process and to Tamara Babiuk, who contributed to the early draft of this book. 2 Caroline Mackenzie edited the manuscript and Hubert Weitzer designed and layout the publication, special thanks for their patience. Avocado Design created the concept for the cover. This book would not have been made possible without the funding of the IOM 1035 Facility which was requested by the Governments of Kazakhstan, Moldova, Tajikistan and Ukraine. Additional funding was provided by the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ DANIDA via the Central Asian Partnership Group Programme 2005-2007. Finally, we would like to thank our loved ones, families and friends, who stood ready to support our work during endless weekends and holidays. 3 EEXECUTIVE SUMMARY ith questions on integration of foreigners, border security and international migration flows topping the international policy debate and daily media broadcasts, there is widespread awareness of an urgent need to have credible, comprehensive and timely statistical data on migration. Lack of such data can have unforeseen, or even counterproductive, consequences for assessing and addressing the real situation at hand, and is a risk few governments can afford to take. WIn Eastern European and Central Asia (EECA), this realization came to the fore at an international conference on ‘Cross-border Cooperation and Migration Legislation Development’ organized by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan, in 2001. Participating States acknowledged that their emerging national legislation to support effective migration flows should also take in account the need to improve national systems’ ability to collect and store migration statistics. One year later, when the same group of countries congregated in Prague, delegations specifically requested that IOM, together with the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe/Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (OSCE/ODIHR), provide assistance in developing a sustainable approach to building technical capacity in the EECA region to collect data for policy-making purposes. Representatives welcomed the idea of establishing a common exchange mechanism for the collection, sharing and direct application of migration- related data in the region. Consequently, IOM’s Technical Cooperation Centre for Europe and Central Asia (IOM TCC) and OSCE/ODIHR, together with expertise from the Danish Immigration Service (DIS), conceptualized a new approach that built on the flexibility and style of other regional mechanisms on migration and asylum data management and policy development. Rather than introducing new templates, indicators, and methodologies this new approach builds upon existing data already available and agreed (in some cases, publicly available) within each participating State. The 5 approach is designed as a step-by-step process which takes into account the level of participating States at any given moment. The Model would build on existing national infrastructures, taking into account experiences and lessons learned from other countries and from other migration- related data management models. Four years later, the States piloting this General Model (Moldova, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Ukraine), despite limited resources, have achieved substantial results in working within the framework of the General Model for the Collection, Application and Sharing of Migration- related Data, as envisioned in 2002. National expert missions to Chisinau, Almaty, Dushanbe, and Kiev and practical discussions with governments have resulted in initiating inter-agency dialogues and mapping-out of the countries’ current data management systems. Technical and thematic regional meetings have allowed these countries to agree upon six key data indicators which are relevant as overall indicators to be shared between participating States. A virtual and bilingual data sharing mechanism (DSM) (www.dsm-migration.net) with protected and public access web sections was launched online in March 2005 and essentially reflects the procedural wishes and terminology defined by the participating States. To use the password and access protected database, participating States were provided training on administering the Site and uploading data and statistics. Following these regional meetings, other States are eager to join the Mechanism as soon as possible. Information exchange on policy has already resulted in cross-border dialogue on how to develop the General Model further and how to manage migration in the region. Given these achievements, this publication will cover the following issues: • The Preface reviews the chain of events leading politicians and ministers with migration in their portfolio to translate political commitments into durable solutions for agreeing to make efforts on the collection and exchange of such information both nationally and internationally. • Chapter One introduces the new approach to migration-related data collection and provides a step-by-step analysis of some of 6 the most compelling (and tested) components of this approach. • Chapter Two is intended to serve as a stand-alone manual on where to start the work in the area of enhancing migration- related data collection and sharing at both national and regional levels. • Chapter Three offers national examples of participating in such an approach, the challenges, and national priorities vis-à-vis regional needs and realities. • Chapter Four looks into practical experience from other regional processes for collecting, applying, and sharing migration data, with a review of their organizational structures and formal and informal mechanisms for authenticating the
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